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Vo
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13
,
No
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3
,
Dec
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er
20
24
,
p
p
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i
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.
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556
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c
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sp
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f
q
u
a
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m
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e
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ry
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n
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c
c
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l
q
u
a
n
tu
m
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f
o
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p
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g
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p
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c
ifi
c
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ll
y
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n
tan
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n
t
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las
sifica
ti
o
n
.
K
ey
w
o
r
d
s
:
E
n
tan
g
lem
en
t c
lass
if
icatio
n
(
2
)
(
2
)
Sp
ec
ial
l
in
ea
r
g
r
o
u
p
Sp
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u
n
itar
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g
r
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p
T
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s
a
n
o
p
e
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a
c
c
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a
rticle
u
n
d
e
r th
e
CC B
Y
-
SA
li
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n
se
.
C
o
r
r
e
s
p
o
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ing
A
uth
o
r
:
Sit
i M
u
n
ir
ah
Mo
h
d
Ko
lej
PERMAT
A
I
n
s
an
,
Un
iv
er
s
iti Sain
s
I
s
lam
Ma
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Nilai,
Neg
er
i Sem
b
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Ma
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E
m
ail:
s
m
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@
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.
ed
u
.
m
y
1.
I
NT
RO
D
UCT
I
O
N
An
en
tan
g
lem
e
n
t
is
r
eg
ar
d
e
d
as
th
e
m
o
s
t
im
p
o
r
tan
t
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et
in
q
u
a
n
tu
m
in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
th
eo
r
y
,
en
s
u
r
in
g
s
u
cc
ess
f
u
lly
ex
ec
u
ted
in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
p
r
o
ce
s
s
in
g
task
s
[1
]
,
[
2]
.
I
t
is
a
s
tr
an
g
e
y
et
f
ascin
atin
g
p
h
en
o
m
en
o
n
d
escr
ib
in
g
th
e
r
elatio
n
o
f
o
b
j
ec
ts
at
a
d
is
tan
ce
[3
]
-
[
5]
.
T
h
is
p
ar
ticu
lar
ass
et
h
as
s
p
ar
k
ed
m
ass
iv
e
in
ter
est
r
eg
ar
d
in
g
its
v
ital
r
o
le
in
v
ar
io
u
s
q
u
an
tu
m
tech
n
o
lo
g
ies
[6
]
-
[
17]
.
T
o
h
ar
v
est
th
e
f
u
ll
p
o
ten
ti
al
o
f
th
e
ass
et,
a
co
m
p
r
eh
e
n
s
iv
e
u
n
d
er
s
tan
d
in
g
o
f
its
n
atu
r
e
is
v
ital.
An
asp
ec
t
o
f
th
e
u
n
d
er
s
tan
d
i
n
g
in
v
o
l
v
es
en
tan
g
lem
en
t
cla
s
s
if
icatio
n
,
wh
ich
is
a
cr
u
cial
p
r
o
ce
s
s
to
class
if
y
th
e
en
tan
g
lem
en
t
o
f
q
u
an
tu
m
s
y
s
tem
s
in
to
th
eir
r
esp
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class
es
b
ased
o
n
th
eir
en
tan
g
lem
e
n
t
p
r
o
p
er
ties
[
1
8
]
-
[
20]
.
E
n
tan
g
le
m
en
t
class
if
icatio
n
h
elp
s
in
d
eter
m
in
in
g
th
e
lev
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o
r
d
e
g
r
e
e
o
f
en
tan
g
lem
en
t.
T
h
is
g
u
ar
a
n
tees
ef
f
ec
tiv
e
in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
p
r
o
ce
s
s
in
g
f
o
r
q
u
an
tu
m
ap
p
licatio
n
s
.
U
n
f
o
r
t
u
n
ately
,
it
is
s
till
co
n
s
id
er
ed
a
c
o
m
p
lex
an
d
p
o
o
r
ly
u
n
d
er
s
to
o
d
p
r
o
b
lem
[
2
1
]
-
[
23]
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
t J I
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f
&
C
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m
m
u
n
T
ec
h
n
o
l
I
SS
N:
2252
-
8
7
7
6
E
n
ta
n
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leme
n
t c
la
s
s
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)
557
Var
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s
p
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to
c
o
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h
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d
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r
th
is
p
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r
p
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s
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m
ain
ly
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(
L
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l
o
p
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s
a
n
d
class
ical
co
m
m
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(
L
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d
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ch
as
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p
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[
2
0
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[
2
5
]
.
T
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ese
p
r
o
to
co
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f
f
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ig
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s
in
to
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an
s
f
o
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s
o
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led
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.
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in
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t
class
es
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f
en
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n
d
er
th
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p
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to
co
ls
[
1
8
]
,
[
2
2
]
.
On
e
f
u
lly
s
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ar
ab
le
(A
-
B
-
C
)
,
th
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ee
b
i
-
s
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(
A
-
B
C
,
B
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AC
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an
d
C
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A
B
)
an
d
two
g
en
u
in
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led
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W
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es r
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le
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e
r
s
p
ec
tiv
es
in
to
th
e
p
r
ac
ticab
ilit
y
o
f
th
e
d
ev
elo
p
ed
m
o
d
els
an
d
th
e
o
v
er
all
m
ath
em
atica
l
g
r
o
u
p
s
in
en
tan
g
lem
en
t
class
if
icatio
n
.
T
h
e
o
u
tco
m
e
m
ar
k
s
a
m
iles
to
n
e
to
th
e
ad
v
an
ce
m
en
t
o
f
q
u
an
tu
m
c
o
m
p
u
tin
g
tech
n
o
l
o
g
y
,
to
a
ce
r
tain
ex
ten
t
in
f
l
u
en
ce
th
e
co
m
m
u
n
ities
o
f
th
e
wo
r
ld
in
ac
h
iev
in
g
th
e
s
u
s
tain
ab
le
d
ev
elo
p
m
en
t
g
o
al
s
(
SDG4
,
SD
G8
,
SDG9
,
an
d
SDG1
1
)
an
d
p
o
s
s
ib
ly
o
th
er
SDGs
in
th
e
n
ea
r
f
u
tu
r
e
[
2
6
]
.
T
h
is
s
tu
d
y
is
o
r
g
an
ized
as
f
o
llo
ws.
A
s
tep
-
by
-
s
tep
m
eth
o
d
o
lo
g
y
o
f
t
h
e
d
ev
elo
p
m
en
t
f
o
r
b
o
th
d
ev
elo
p
e
d
o
p
er
at
o
r
m
o
d
els
is
m
an
if
ested
in
s
ec
tio
n
2
.
A
d
et
ailed
an
aly
s
is
a
n
d
r
esu
lt
o
f
th
e
o
p
er
ato
r
m
o
d
els
is
d
escr
ib
ed
in
s
ec
tio
n
3
.
Fin
ally
,
s
ec
tio
n
4
co
n
cl
u
d
es th
e
s
tu
d
y
.
2.
M
E
T
H
O
D
T
h
is
s
ec
tio
n
d
escr
ib
es
th
e
d
ev
elo
p
m
en
t
p
r
o
ce
s
s
o
f
(
2
)
an
d
(
2
)
o
p
er
ato
r
m
o
d
els
u
s
in
g
s
ets
o
f
s
p
ec
if
ic
g
en
er
ato
r
s
co
u
p
led
wi
th
th
eir
p
ar
a
m
eter
s
r
esu
ltin
g
in
th
e
ex
ten
d
e
d
m
ath
em
atica
l m
o
d
els.
2
.
1
.
Sp
ec
ia
l unita
ry
g
r
o
up
o
pera
t
o
r
mo
del
T
h
e
d
e
v
elo
p
m
e
n
t
p
r
o
ce
s
s
s
tar
ted
with
t
h
r
ee
s
ets
o
f
2
×
2
m
atr
ic
es
th
at
wer
e
u
s
ed
as
g
en
er
ato
r
s
b
y
m
ea
n
s
o
f
d
o
t
p
r
o
d
u
ct
m
u
ltip
li
ca
tio
n
in
th
e
o
p
er
at
o
r
m
o
d
el
d
ev
elo
p
m
e
n
t,
p
r
o
d
u
cin
g
a
lar
g
e
8
×
8
co
m
p
o
s
ite
m
atr
ix
r
ep
r
esen
tatio
n
o
r
ig
in
at
ed
f
r
o
m
th
e
m
at
h
em
atica
l
m
o
d
el
(
2
)
=
3
1
2
2
3
3
.
Su
b
s
eq
u
en
t
ly
,
th
r
o
u
g
h
a
p
ar
am
eter
s
elec
tio
n
p
r
o
ce
s
s
,
a
s
et
o
f
s
elec
ted
p
ar
am
eter
s
was
im
p
lem
en
ted
in
th
e
o
p
er
ato
r
m
o
d
el.
Fig
u
r
e
1
illu
s
tr
ates th
e
m
o
d
elli
n
g
p
r
o
ce
s
s
o
f
th
e
o
p
er
ato
r
m
o
d
el.
Fi
g
u
r
e
1
.
T
h
e
(
2
)
SU
o
p
er
ato
r
m
o
d
el
m
o
d
elin
g
p
r
o
ce
s
s
B
ased
o
n
Fig
u
r
e
1
,
th
e
d
e
v
e
lo
p
m
en
t
p
r
o
ce
s
s
s
tar
ted
with
u
n
d
e
r
s
tan
d
in
g
th
e
p
ar
am
eter
izatio
n
o
f
(
2
)
.
T
h
is
p
h
ase
d
eter
m
in
es
th
e
g
e
n
er
ato
r
a
n
d
p
a
r
am
eter
s
th
at
will
b
e
u
s
ed
.
I
n
th
is
d
ev
elo
p
m
en
t,
a
d
is
tin
ct,
well
-
k
n
o
wn
,
est
ab
lis
h
ed
r
ep
r
esen
tatio
n
in
th
e
f
ield
o
f
p
ar
ticle
p
h
y
s
ics
wa
s
u
tili
ze
d
.
T
h
en
,
th
e
p
ar
am
eter
v
alu
es
wer
e
d
eter
m
in
e
d
an
d
c
o
o
r
d
in
ate
d
to
th
e
g
en
er
at
o
r
ac
co
r
d
in
g
l
y
.
Su
b
s
eq
u
e
n
tly
,
en
te
r
th
e
d
ev
el
o
p
m
en
t
p
r
o
ce
s
s
.
T
h
e
d
ev
el
o
p
m
en
t
a
n
d
im
p
lem
en
tatio
n
o
f
th
e
8
×
8
g
en
er
ate
d
m
atr
i
x
was
p
e
r
f
o
r
m
ed
in
t
h
e
Ma
th
em
atica
1
3
.
2
s
o
f
twar
e,
f
o
llo
wed
b
y
th
e
f
u
lly
-
d
ev
el
o
p
e
d
o
f
th
e
(
2
)
×
(
2
)
×
(
2
)
o
p
er
ato
r
m
o
d
el
th
r
o
u
g
h
co
s
in
e
a
n
d
s
in
e
f
u
n
cti
o
n
s
,
alo
n
g
with
a
s
er
ies o
f
ex
p
o
n
en
tial e
x
p
a
n
s
io
n
s
.
I
n
p
r
in
cip
le,
th
e
f
u
lly
d
ev
elo
p
ed
m
o
d
el
is
d
esig
n
ed
as
an
ex
ten
d
e
d
(
2
)
m
o
d
el,
r
ep
r
esen
ti
n
g
a
th
r
ee
-
q
u
b
it
q
u
an
tu
m
s
y
s
tem
b
y
m
ea
n
s
o
f
in
teg
r
atin
g
th
e
o
p
er
ato
r
m
o
d
el
with
an
in
itial
p
u
r
e
q
u
an
tu
m
s
tate.
T
h
e
f
in
al
p
h
ase
is
th
e
o
p
er
ato
r
m
o
d
el
v
alid
atio
n
.
T
h
is
p
ar
ticu
lar
p
h
ase
is
v
ital
to
en
s
u
r
e
th
at
th
e
d
ev
elo
p
e
d
o
p
er
ato
r
m
o
d
el
is
ac
cu
r
ate
an
d
r
eliab
le.
B
o
th
(
2
)
an
d
(
2
)
×
(
2
)
×
(
2
)
o
p
er
ato
r
m
o
d
els
wer
e
r
ev
iewe
d
.
T
h
e
d
ev
el
o
p
m
en
t
o
f
b
o
th
d
ev
elo
p
ed
m
o
d
els
was
co
m
p
ar
ed
with
a
m
an
u
ally
c
alcu
lated
o
p
er
ato
r
m
o
d
el,
f
o
llo
wed
b
y
p
r
in
ci
p
al
co
m
p
ar
is
o
n
s
wit
h
p
r
e
v
io
u
s
s
tu
d
ies
with
in
th
e
s
am
e
m
ath
e
m
atica
l
m
o
d
el
g
r
o
u
p
.
Fig
u
r
e
2
illu
s
tr
ates th
e
o
v
er
v
ie
w
p
r
o
ce
s
s
o
f
th
e
o
p
er
ato
r
m
o
d
el
d
ev
elo
p
m
e
n
t.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
2
5
2
-
8
7
7
6
I
n
t J I
n
f
&
C
o
m
m
u
n
T
ec
h
n
o
l
,
Vo
l.
13
,
No
.
3
,
Dec
em
b
er
20
24
:
556
-
5
6
2
558
Fig
u
r
e
2
.
T
h
e
o
p
er
ato
r
m
o
d
el
d
ev
elo
p
m
e
n
t p
r
o
ce
s
s
2
.
2
.
Sp
ec
ia
l linea
r
g
ro
up
o
p
er
a
t
o
r
m
o
del
I
n
p
r
in
cip
le,
th
e
d
e
v
elo
p
m
en
t
p
r
o
ce
s
s
is
th
e
s
am
e
a
s
th
e
(
2
)
o
p
er
ato
r
m
o
d
el.
T
h
is
p
r
o
ce
s
s
s
ta
r
ted
with
th
r
ee
s
ets
o
f
2
×
2
m
atr
ices
th
at
wer
e
u
s
ed
as
g
en
er
at
o
r
s
b
y
m
ea
n
s
o
f
d
o
t
p
r
o
d
u
ct
m
u
ltip
l
icatio
n
in
th
e
o
p
er
ato
r
m
o
d
el
d
e
v
elo
p
m
e
n
t,
p
r
o
d
u
cin
g
a
lar
g
e
8
×
8
co
m
p
o
s
it
e
m
atr
ix
r
ep
r
esen
tatio
n
o
r
ig
in
ated
f
r
o
m
th
e
m
ath
em
atica
l m
o
d
el
(
2
)
=
−
.
T
h
er
ea
f
t
er
,
v
ia
a
p
ar
a
m
eter
s
elec
tio
n
p
r
o
ce
s
s
,
a
s
et
o
f
p
ar
am
eter
s
s
elec
ted
was
im
p
lem
en
ted
in
th
e
o
p
e
r
ato
r
m
o
d
el.
Fig
u
r
e
3
d
ep
icts
th
e
m
o
d
ellin
g
p
r
o
c
e
s
s
o
f
th
e
o
p
e
r
ato
r
m
o
d
el.
B
ased
o
n
Fig
u
r
e
3
,
th
e
d
e
v
e
lo
p
m
en
t
p
r
o
ce
s
s
s
tar
ted
with
u
n
d
e
r
s
tan
d
in
g
th
e
p
ar
am
eter
izatio
n
o
f
(
2
)
.
T
h
is
p
h
ase
d
eter
m
in
es
th
e
g
e
n
er
ato
r
a
n
d
p
ar
am
eter
s
th
at
will
b
e
u
s
ed
.
I
n
th
is
d
e
v
elo
p
m
e
n
t,
a
d
is
tin
ct,
well
-
k
n
o
wn
,
estab
lis
h
ed
r
ep
r
esen
tatio
n
in
th
e
f
ield
o
f
p
ar
ticle
p
h
y
s
ics
wa
s
u
tili
ze
d
.
T
h
en
,
th
e
p
ar
am
eter
v
alu
es
wer
e
d
eter
m
in
ed
an
d
co
o
r
d
in
ated
to
t
h
e
g
en
er
ato
r
co
r
r
esp
o
n
d
in
g
ly
.
Nex
t,
en
t
er
th
e
d
ev
elo
p
m
en
t
p
r
o
ce
s
s
.
T
h
e
d
e
v
elo
p
m
e
n
t
an
d
im
p
lem
en
tatio
n
o
f
th
e
8
×
8
g
en
er
ated
m
atr
ix
w
as
ex
ec
u
ted
in
th
e
Ma
th
em
atica
1
3
.
2
s
o
f
twar
e,
f
o
llo
wed
b
y
th
e
f
u
lly
-
d
ev
elo
p
ed
o
f
th
e
(
2
)
×
(
2
)
×
(
2
)
th
r
o
u
g
h
co
s
in
e
an
d
s
in
e
f
u
n
ctio
n
s
,
alo
n
g
with
a
s
er
ies o
f
ex
p
o
n
en
tial e
x
p
a
n
s
io
n
s
.
I
n
p
r
in
cip
le,
th
e
f
u
lly
d
ev
el
o
p
ed
m
o
d
el
is
d
esig
n
ed
as
a
n
ex
ten
d
e
d
(
2
)
m
o
d
el,
r
ep
r
esen
ti
n
g
a
th
r
ee
-
q
u
b
it
q
u
an
tu
m
s
y
s
tem
b
y
m
ea
n
s
o
f
in
teg
r
atin
g
th
e
o
p
er
ato
r
m
o
d
el
with
an
in
itial
p
u
r
e
q
u
an
tu
m
s
tate.
T
h
e
f
in
al
p
h
ase
is
o
p
er
ato
r
m
o
d
el
v
ali
d
atio
n
.
T
h
is
p
h
ase
is
p
er
tin
en
t
i
n
e
n
s
u
r
in
g
th
at
th
e
d
ev
elo
p
e
d
o
p
er
ato
r
m
o
d
el
is
ac
c
u
r
ate
a
n
d
r
eliab
l
e.
B
o
th
(
2
)
an
d
(
2
)
×
(
2
)
×
(
2
)
o
p
er
at
o
r
m
o
d
e
ls
wer
e
r
ev
iewe
d
.
T
h
e
d
e
v
elo
p
m
e
n
t
o
f
b
o
th
was
co
m
p
ar
e
d
with
a
m
a
n
u
ally
ca
lcu
lated
o
p
er
ato
r
m
o
d
el
a
n
d
th
e
n
p
r
in
cip
all
y
co
m
p
ar
ed
with
p
r
ev
i
o
u
s
s
tu
d
i
es
with
in
th
e
s
am
e
m
ath
e
m
atica
l
m
o
d
el
g
r
o
u
p
.
Fig
u
r
e
4
illu
s
tr
ates
th
e
o
v
er
v
iew
p
r
o
ce
s
s
o
f
th
e
o
p
er
ato
r
m
o
d
el
d
ev
elo
p
m
e
n
t.
Fig
u
r
e
3
.
T
h
e
(
2
)
o
p
er
ato
r
m
o
d
el
m
o
d
elin
g
p
r
o
ce
s
s
Fig
u
r
e
4
.
T
h
e
o
p
er
ato
r
m
o
d
el
d
ev
elo
p
m
e
n
t p
r
o
ce
s
s
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
t J I
n
f
&
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SS
N:
2252
-
8
7
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E
n
ta
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g
leme
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t c
la
s
s
ifica
tio
n
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a
co
mp
a
r
a
tive
s
tu
d
y
o
f S
U(
2
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a
n
d
S
L(
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…
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A
mir
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yra
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h
a
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ir
)
559
3.
RE
SU
L
T
S AN
D
D
I
SCU
SS
I
O
N
B
o
th
f
u
lly
d
ev
el
o
p
ed
m
o
d
el
s
ar
e
ef
f
ec
tiv
ely
f
u
n
ctio
n
al
an
d
s
u
cc
ess
f
u
lly
p
r
o
d
u
ce
d
t
h
e
d
esire
d
r
esu
lts
.
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h
er
in
g
to
th
e
en
tan
g
lem
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t c
lass
if
icatio
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clas
s
es,
th
e
r
esu
lts
ar
e
lab
elled
ac
co
r
d
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g
ly
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ex
ce
p
tio
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ar
ticu
lar
ly
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o
r
b
i
-
s
ep
ar
ab
le,
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B
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d
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-
AB
”
class
e
s
ar
e
n
o
t
in
cl
u
d
ed
in
th
e
an
aly
s
is
as
th
e
attr
ib
u
tes
f
o
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b
o
th
class
es
ar
e
s
im
ilar
to
“A
-
B
C
”.
Ad
d
itio
n
ally
,
th
e
g
en
u
in
ely
en
tan
g
led
class
es
ar
e
p
r
es
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ted
as
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as
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o
r
tr
ay
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o
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d
GHZ
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ass
es.
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f
u
r
th
e
r
class
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es
e
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es,
an
ex
ten
d
e
d
m
ea
s
u
r
em
en
t
is
r
e
q
u
ir
ed
.
T
ab
le
1
p
r
esen
ts
th
e
en
tan
g
le
m
en
t c
lass
if
icatio
n
r
esu
lts
f
o
r
b
o
th
d
e
v
elo
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e
d
o
p
e
r
ato
r
m
o
d
e
ls
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T
ab
le
1
.
E
n
tan
g
lem
en
t c
lass
if
icatio
n
r
esu
lts
o
f
(
2
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2
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an
d
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p
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2
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l
l
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a
r
g
r
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p
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(
2
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×
(
2
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I
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i
t
i
a
l
q
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a
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t
u
m s
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t
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n
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l
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l
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t
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C
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GE
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GHZ
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GHZ
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GE
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A
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Fu
n
d
am
en
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b
o
t
h
m
ath
e
m
atica
l
g
r
o
u
p
s
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th
e
s
p
ec
ial
u
n
it
ar
y
an
d
s
p
ec
ial
lin
ea
r
g
r
o
u
p
s
ar
e
u
n
i
q
u
e
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d
d
is
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ct
f
r
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m
ea
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h
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e
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ter
m
s
o
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t
h
eir
ch
a
r
ac
te
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tics
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r
ep
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esen
tatio
n
s
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h
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u
n
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am
e
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if
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en
ce
s
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ig
h
lig
h
t
th
eir
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ec
tiv
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les
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en
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g
le
m
en
t
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if
icatio
n
an
d
q
u
a
n
tu
m
in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
p
r
o
ce
s
s
in
g
in
g
en
er
al.
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h
is
en
ab
les
ex
p
er
ts
to
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r
e
f
u
lly
m
a
k
e
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m
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d
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io
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s
o
n
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g
th
e
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p
p
r
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ath
em
atica
l
f
r
am
ewo
r
k
f
o
r
s
p
ec
if
ic
q
u
an
tu
m
in
f
o
r
m
ati
o
n
p
r
o
ce
s
s
in
g
task
s
.
T
ab
le
2
h
ig
h
lig
h
ts
th
e
f
u
n
d
am
e
n
tal
d
if
f
e
r
en
ce
s
b
etw
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n
s
p
ec
ial
u
n
itar
y
a
n
d
s
p
ec
ial
lin
ea
r
g
r
o
u
p
s
.
T
ab
le
2
.
Fu
n
d
am
en
tal
d
i
f
f
er
en
ce
s
b
etwe
en
s
p
ec
ial
u
n
itar
y
an
d
s
p
ec
ial
lin
ea
r
g
r
o
u
p
S
p
e
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i
a
l
u
n
i
t
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r
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r
o
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p
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p
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n
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p
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t
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d
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r
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t
o
r
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r
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b
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ab
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2
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e
f
lects
th
at
b
o
th
m
at
h
em
atica
l
g
r
o
u
p
s
ar
e
d
if
f
er
e
n
t.
T
h
e
s
p
ec
ial
u
n
itar
y
g
r
o
u
p
e
m
p
lo
y
s
a
p
r
e
-
d
eter
m
i
n
ed
g
en
e
r
ato
r
an
d
is
well
-
s
u
ited
f
o
r
p
u
r
e
q
u
an
t
u
m
s
tates,
wh
er
e
th
e
en
tan
g
lem
en
t
p
r
o
p
e
r
ties
o
f
th
e
q
u
a
n
tu
m
s
y
s
tem
ar
e
p
r
eser
v
ed
.
I
t
o
f
f
er
s
a
r
ath
er
s
im
p
ler
m
ath
em
atica
l
f
r
am
ewo
r
k
b
u
t
a
lim
ited
p
a
r
am
eter
s
p
ac
e.
I
ts
p
r
ac
tical
im
p
lem
en
tatio
n
m
ay
p
r
esen
t
ce
r
tain
c
h
a
llen
g
es
an
d
th
e
ap
p
licab
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y
i
s
lim
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to
ce
r
tain
q
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tu
m
task
s
.
On
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co
n
tr
a
r
y
,
th
e
s
p
ec
ial
lin
ea
r
g
r
o
u
p
e
m
p
lo
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s
a
p
r
o
b
a
b
i
lis
tic
g
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er
ato
r
wh
ich
m
ak
es
i
t
s
u
itab
le
f
o
r
b
o
th
p
u
r
e
an
d
m
ix
ed
q
u
a
n
tu
m
s
tates.
E
v
en
th
o
u
g
h
it
m
a
y
n
o
t
p
r
eser
v
e
th
e
e
n
tan
g
lem
e
n
t
p
r
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p
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ties
o
f
t
h
e
q
u
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tu
m
s
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tem
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m
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lex
m
ath
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atica
l
f
r
am
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all
o
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a
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n
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it is
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im
en
tally
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s
ib
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m
in
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m
atio
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p
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s
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in
g
tas
k
s
.
4.
CO
NCLU
SI
O
N
C
o
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clu
s
iv
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,
th
is
co
m
p
ar
ativ
e
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tu
d
y
o
f
en
tan
g
lem
e
n
t
class
if
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u
tili
zin
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th
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two
d
ev
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p
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p
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m
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f
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s
p
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p
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co
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tex
t
o
f
a
p
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r
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th
r
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u
b
it
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
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2
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I
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C
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T
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,
Vo
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13
,
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3
,
Dec
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20
24
:
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-
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q
u
an
tu
m
s
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tem
en
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en
t
h
as
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r
d
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ctio
n
s
b
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th
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two
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ath
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atica
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g
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p
s
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o
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m
o
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o
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ated
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e
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o
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h
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(
2
)
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at
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er
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(
2
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ato
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m
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er
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tr
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ac
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ical
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n
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h
e
(
2
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p
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r
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o
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[
1
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Z.
J
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[
5
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J.
S
.
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[
6
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A
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.
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[
7
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Y
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c
a
n
b
e
c
o
n
tac
ted
a
t
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m
a
il
:
sm
u
n
irah
m
@u
sim
.
e
d
u
.
m
y
.
Mo
h
d
Il
ia
s
M
.
S
h
u
h
u
d
h
o
l
d
s
a
P
h
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.
i
n
so
c
ial
m
e
d
ia
a
n
a
l
y
ti
c
s
fro
m
Un
iv
e
rsiti
S
a
in
s
Isla
m
M
a
lay
sia
(USIM
).
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is
c
u
rre
n
tl
y
a
se
n
io
r
lec
tu
re
r
in
F
a
c
u
lt
y
o
f
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c
ie
n
c
e
a
n
d
Tec
h
n
o
l
o
g
y
,
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i
v
e
rsiti
S
a
in
s
Isla
m
M
a
lay
sia
(USI
M
).
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re
se
a
rc
h
i
n
tere
sts
i
n
c
lu
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e
so
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g
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o
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p
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g
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c
a
n
b
e
c
o
n
tac
ted
a
t
e
m
a
il
:
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ias
@u
sim
.
e
d
u
.
m
y
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h
a
r
i
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h
o
ld
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h
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.
i
n
q
u
a
n
tu
m
c
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p
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fro
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e
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o
f
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it
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d
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g
d
o
m
in
2
0
1
1
.
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is
c
u
rre
n
tl
y
a
se
n
i
o
r
lec
tu
re
r
a
t
th
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Ce
n
ter
fo
r
Art
ifi
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ial
In
telli
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c
e
Tec
h
n
o
l
o
g
y
(CAIT),
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a
c
u
lt
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n
fo
rm
a
ti
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n
S
c
ien
c
e
a
n
d
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lo
g
y
,
Un
i
v
e
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b
a
n
g
sa
a
n
M
a
lay
sia
(UK
M
).
H
is
re
se
a
r
c
h
in
tere
sts
in
c
lu
d
e
m
o
d
e
ll
in
g
a
n
d
sim
u
latio
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,
q
u
a
n
t
u
m
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o
m
p
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ti
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g
,
q
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a
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t
u
m
a
l
g
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rit
h
m
s
a
n
d
f
o
rm
a
l
m
e
th
o
d
.
He
c
a
n
b
e
c
o
n
tac
ted
a
t
e
m
a
il
:
b
a
h
a
ri@u
k
m
.
e
d
u
.
m
y
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
2
5
2
-
8
7
7
6
I
n
t J I
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&
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m
m
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n
T
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l
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Vo
l.
13
,
No
.
3
,
Dec
em
b
er
20
24
:
556
-
5
6
2
562
H
ish
a
m
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p
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m
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d
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g
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o
m
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re
ti
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3
a
n
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u
r
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tl
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se
rv
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g
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t
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m
e
n
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iv
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rsity
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a
lay
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se
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rc
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s,
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lex
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two
r
k
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c
a
n
b
e
c
o
n
tac
ted
a
t
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m
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il
:
h
ish
a
m
u
d
d
in
z
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g
m
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il
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c
o
m
.
Nurhi
d
a
y
a
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o
h
a
m
a
d
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n
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a
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m
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th
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s
fro
m
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iv
e
rsiti
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n
o
lo
g
i
M
a
lay
sia
(UTM
)
.
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h
e
is
c
u
rre
n
tl
y
a
se
n
i
o
r
lec
tu
re
r
a
t
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o
lej
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e
n
iu
s
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n
sa
n
,
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i
v
e
rsit
i
S
a
in
s
Isla
m
M
a
lay
sia
(USIM
).
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r
re
se
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r
c
h
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m
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th
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h
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c
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n
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e
c
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tac
ted
a
t
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m
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il
:
n
u
r
h
id
a
y
a
.
m
j@
u
sim
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e
d
u
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m
y
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h
a
m
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d
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z
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h
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h
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h
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g
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OST
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l
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se
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a
n
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t
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is
th
e
re
c
ip
i
e
n
t
o
f
t
h
e
IDG
AS
EAN
Ch
ief
S
e
c
u
rit
y
Offic
e
r
(CS
O)
2
0
1
1
Aw
a
rd
,
a
n
d
a
ls
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re
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g
n
ize
d
b
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t
h
e
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a
d
e
m
y
o
f
S
c
ien
c
e
s
M
a
lay
si
a
(ASM
)
a
s
o
n
e
o
f
t
h
e
2
0
1
7
to
p
re
se
a
rc
h
S
c
ien
t
ists
M
a
lay
sia
.
He
is
a
F
e
ll
o
w
o
f
th
e
M
a
lay
sia
n
M
a
th
e
m
a
ti
c
a
l
S
c
ien
c
e
s
S
o
c
iety
,
F
e
ll
o
w
o
f
t
h
e
M
a
lay
sia
n
In
stit
u
te
o
f
P
h
y
sic
s
a
n
d
F
e
ll
o
w
o
f
th
e
Ac
a
d
e
m
y
o
f
S
c
ien
c
e
s
M
a
lay
sia
.
P
re
se
n
tl
y
,
h
e
is
lec
t
u
re
r
a
t
Tah
m
id
i
Ce
n
ter,
Un
i
v
e
rsiti
S
a
in
s
Isla
m
M
a
lay
sia
(USIM
)
.
He
c
a
n
b
e
c
o
n
tac
ted
a
t
e
m
a
il
:
m
ri
d
z
a
@u
sim
.
e
d
u
.
m
y
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.