I
n
d
on
e
s
ian
Jou
r
n
al
o
f
E
lec
t
r
ica
l
E
n
gin
e
e
r
in
g
a
n
d
Com
p
u
t
e
r
S
c
ience
Vo
l
.
3
9
,
N
o
.
1
,
Ju
ly
2025
,
pp.
497
~
508
I
S
S
N:
2502
-
4752,
DO
I
:
10
.
11591/i
j
e
e
c
s
.
v
3
9
.i
1
.
pp
497
-
508
497
Jou
r
n
al
h
o
m
e
page
:
ht
tp:
//
ij
e
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c
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A
c
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a
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i
s
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s
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l
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c
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s
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(
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K
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.
J
.
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bi
bi
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us
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n
do
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a
E
m
a
i
l
:
b
o
n
d002
@b
r
i
n
.
go
.
i
d
1.
I
NT
RODU
C
T
I
ON
A
qua
c
u
l
t
ur
e
t
e
c
hn
o
l
o
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y
h
a
s
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pe
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ly
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g
w
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ge
n
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c
hn
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g
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c
a
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de
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o
p
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t
s
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t
h
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21
st
c
e
n
t
ur
y
.
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a
ny
t
e
c
hni
que
s
ha
v
e
b
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nvi
r
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e
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a
l
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s
t
r
uc
t
i
o
n
[
1]
.
On
e
o
f
t
h
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m
o
s
t
de
v
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l
o
pe
d
a
qua
c
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t
ur
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t
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c
hn
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o
gi
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s
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s
bi
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t
e
c
h
n
o
l
o
g
y
(
B
F
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)
whi
c
h
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s
c
o
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s
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d
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r
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d
a
s
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e
w
“
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v
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ut
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o
n
”
i
n
a
qu
a
c
u
l
t
ur
e
[
2]
.
B
a
s
i
c
a
ll
y
,
bi
o
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c
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s
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t
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h
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t
h
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t
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l
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o
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o
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n
s
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ly
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t
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t
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ga
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c
ni
t
r
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e
c
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m
po
un
d
s
[
3]
-
[
5]
.
T
hi
s
pr
i
n
c
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p
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o
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bi
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f
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om
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n
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t
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by
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b
a
c
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e
r
i
a
[
6]
,
[
7]
.
B
F
T
wa
s
f
i
r
s
t
i
n
t
r
o
duc
e
d
i
n
1970
i
n
c
r
us
t
a
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a
n
c
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v
a
r
i
a
t
i
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n
s
o
f
a
qua
c
u
l
t
ur
e
[8
]
.
W
hi
l
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n
f
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m
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o
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t
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F
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c
a
n
s
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g
nif
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c
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pe
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c
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dd
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t
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ll
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T
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y
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[
9]
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
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20
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[
10]
.
F
ur
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ds
[
11]
.
R
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s
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a
r
c
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s
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B
F
T
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[
12]
.
I
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[
13]
.
F
or
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x
a
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p
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c
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r
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wa
t
e
r
[
14]
,
[
15]
.
T
o
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y
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kn
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m
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y
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x
(
M
C
C
I
)
[
5]
.
T
h
e
M
C
C
I
f
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m
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x
t
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R
GB
(
r
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d,
gr
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n
,
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bl
ue
)
c
o
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po
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nt
s
f
r
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t
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im
a
ge
.
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h
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[
13]
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A
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[
16]
,
[1
7
].
M
o
r
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,
t
h
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w
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te
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a
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on
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a
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m
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B
F
T
s
y
s
tem
[
1
2
]
.
I
n
t
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t
udy
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s
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to
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tr
a
c
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GB
c
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ph
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s
.
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im
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pe
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t
s
.
T
hi
s
c
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l
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be
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,
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r
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de
-
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k
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to
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f
yi
ng
r
o
a
d
a
n
d
tr
a
f
f
i
c
s
i
g
n
s
[
1
8
]
-
[2
0
]
.
Al
t
h
o
ugh
vi
s
i
o
n
t
e
c
hn
o
l
o
g
y
ha
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pa
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ly
bi
o
f
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.
P
i
m
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n
t
e
l
e
t
al.
[
7]
i
n
t
h
e
i
r
r
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s
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a
r
c
h
,
c
o
n
duc
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M
C
C
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c
a
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l
a
t
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s
.
Ho
we
v
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r
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hi
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udy
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2
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o
w
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da
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f
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r
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h
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po
n
d
[2
1
]
.
I
m
a
ge
pr
o
c
e
s
s
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s
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l
s
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l
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n
a
n
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m
.
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c
o
m
pa
r
a
bl
e
wo
r
k
f
r
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m
M
a
hm
uda
e
t
al.
[2
2
]
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m
p
l
o
y
e
d
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m
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ge
pr
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c
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s
s
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5]
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13]
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i
o
n
i
s
us
e
d
a
s
a
r
e
f
e
r
e
n
c
e
/
gr
o
un
d
t
r
u
t
h
f
o
r
da
t
a
t
r
a
i
ni
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t
h
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c
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l
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de
t
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c
t
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a
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a
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u
l
a
t
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g
t
h
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e
r
r
o
r
r
e
s
u
l
t
.
T
a
bl
e
4.
Da
t
a
s
e
t
c
o
l
o
r
c
l
a
s
s
i
f
i
c
a
t
i
o
n
I
ma
ge
da
ta
W
a
te
r
c
ol
o
r
D
e
e
p
-
br
o
w
n
B
r
o
w
n
-
g
r
e
e
n
C
le
a
r
2.
4.
T
h
e
d
a
t
a
p
r
oc
e
s
s
in
g
T
o
c
o
n
s
t
r
uc
t
t
h
e
bi
o
f
l
o
c
wa
t
e
r
c
o
l
o
r
de
t
e
c
t
i
o
n
t
e
c
hni
que
,
t
w
o
c
o
m
put
e
r
vi
s
i
o
n
m
e
t
h
o
ds
a
r
e
pr
o
p
o
s
e
d.
F
i
r
s
t
i
s
t
h
e
bl
a
c
k
a
nd
w
hi
t
e
(
B
/
W
)
i
m
a
g
e
pr
o
c
e
s
s
i
ng
t
e
c
hn
i
qu
e
c
o
m
bine
w
i
t
h
M
C
C
I
c
l
a
s
s
if
i
c
a
t
i
o
n
f
o
r
m
u
l
a
.
T
h
e
s
e
c
o
n
d
pr
o
po
s
e
d
m
e
t
h
o
d
i
s
us
i
ng
t
h
e
m
a
n
ha
t
t
a
n
d
i
s
t
a
n
c
e
a
l
go
r
i
t
h
m
c
l
a
s
s
if
i
c
a
t
i
o
n
a
ppr
o
a
c
h
.
T
h
e
s
e
m
e
t
h
o
ds
a
r
e
de
e
p
l
y
e
x
p
l
a
i
ne
d
as
f
o
l
l
o
w
s
.
2.
4.
1.
M
e
t
h
od
1:
B
/W
a
n
d
M
CC
I
c
l
as
s
i
f
icat
ion
T
h
e
f
i
r
s
t
pr
o
p
o
s
e
d
m
e
t
h
o
d
c
o
n
s
i
s
t
s
o
f
t
w
o
m
a
i
n
p
r
o
c
e
s
s
e
s
.
T
h
e
r
e
we
r
e
t
h
e
“
c
l
e
a
r
da
t
a
s
e
t
pr
o
c
e
s
s
”
,
whi
c
h
wa
s
us
e
d
t
o
de
t
e
c
t
t
h
e
c
l
e
a
r
wa
t
e
r
i
m
a
ge
s
,
a
n
d
t
h
e
“
M
C
C
I
da
t
a
s
e
t
pr
o
c
e
s
s
”
,
whi
c
h
wa
s
us
e
d
to
de
t
e
ct
t
h
e
wa
t
e
r
c
o
l
o
r
b
a
s
e
d
on
t
h
e
M
C
C
I
r
a
n
ge
v
a
l
ue
.
T
he
bl
a
c
k
-
a
n
d
-
w
hi
t
e
(
B
/W
)
a
l
go
r
i
t
hm
wa
s
c
h
o
s
e
n
in
t
h
e
c
l
e
a
r
da
t
a
s
e
t
pr
o
c
e
s
s
s
i
n
c
e
we
us
e
d
whi
t
e
as
a
b
a
c
kgr
o
und
f
o
r
t
h
e
wa
t
e
r
s
a
m
p
l
e
c
o
n
t
a
i
n
e
r
.
W
hi
t
e
c
o
l
o
r
de
t
e
c
t
i
o
n
ha
s
a
s
i
mi
l
a
r
m
e
a
ni
ng
a
s
c
l
e
a
r
c
o
l
o
r
.
T
h
e
B
/
W
m
e
t
ho
d
h
a
s
be
e
n
pr
o
v
e
n
to
h
a
v
e
qu
i
t
e
pr
o
m
i
s
i
ng
pe
r
f
o
r
m
a
n
c
e
.
A
s
i
m
p
l
e
a
n
d
s
t
r
a
i
g
h
t
f
o
r
wa
r
d
bi
n
a
r
i
z
a
t
i
o
n
pr
o
c
e
dur
e
to
ge
n
e
r
a
t
e
bl
a
c
k/w
hi
t
e
c
o
m
i
c
s
f
r
o
m
t
h
e
vi
d
e
o
f
r
a
m
e
im
a
ge
wa
s
pr
o
p
o
s
e
d
[2
3
].
T
h
e
s
y
s
t
e
m
i
s
de
c
o
up
l
e
d
i
n
t
o
t
w
o
p
r
o
c
e
s
s
e
s
:
r
e
g
i
o
n
e
x
t
e
ns
i
o
n
a
n
d
bi
na
r
i
z
a
t
i
o
n
.
F
ur
t
h
e
r
,
F
a
n
g
et
al.
[2
4
]
i
n
t
r
o
duc
e
d
an
a
ppr
o
a
c
h
f
o
r
c
o
l
o
r
i
n
g
l
o
w
-
r
e
s
o
l
ut
i
o
n
bl
a
c
k
-
a
n
d
-
w
hi
t
e
o
l
d
m
o
vi
e
s
t
h
r
o
ugh
o
bj
e
c
t
un
de
r
s
t
a
n
d
i
n
g
u
s
i
ng
Ope
nC
V.
I
n
t
h
e
f
i
r
s
t
pr
o
c
e
s
s
,
t
h
e
c
o
l
l
e
c
t
e
d
wa
t
e
r
c
o
l
o
r
da
tas
e
t
wa
s
pr
o
c
e
s
s
e
d
us
i
n
g
t
h
e
“
B
/
W
Al
go
r
i
t
hm
”
to
d
i
s
t
i
n
gu
i
s
h
b
e
t
we
e
n
c
l
e
a
r
a
n
d
M
C
C
I
wa
t
e
r
c
o
l
o
r
s
.
T
hi
s
a
l
go
r
i
t
hm
u
s
e
d
a
s
im
p
l
e
bi
na
r
y
t
h
r
e
s
h
o
l
d
i
ng
tec
hni
que
in
l
i
br
a
r
y
P
y
t
h
o
n
pr
o
gr
a
m
mi
ng.
Ope
nC
V’
s
s
im
p
l
e
bi
na
r
y
t
h
r
e
s
h
o
l
d
i
ng
t
e
c
hni
que
can
c
o
nv
e
r
t
an
i
m
a
ge
to
bl
a
c
k
a
n
d
w
hi
t
e
.
I
f
t
h
e
p
i
xe
l
v
a
l
ue
i
s
gr
e
a
t
e
r
t
h
a
n
t
h
e
t
h
r
e
s
h
o
l
d
va
l
ue
,
i
t
i
s
c
ha
n
ge
d
t
o
t
h
e
v
a
l
ue
o
f
t
h
e
“
m
a
x
-
v
a
l
ue
”
pa
r
a
m
e
t
e
r
.
In
bi
na
r
i
z
a
t
i
o
n
,
we
wa
n
t
t
h
e
m
a
xi
m
u
m
v
a
l
ue
to
be
255,
as
t
h
e
p
i
x
e
l
v
a
l
ue
f
o
r
whi
t
e
or
c
l
e
a
r
c
o
l
o
r
i
s
2
55.
T
h
e
t
h
r
e
s
h
o
l
d
us
e
d
in
t
hi
s
m
e
t
h
o
d
wa
s
127,
as
r
e
c
o
m
m
e
n
de
d
in
t
h
e
o
f
f
i
c
i
a
l
Ope
n
C
V
li
b
r
a
r
y
.
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n
t
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f
l
o
wc
h
a
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f
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t
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n
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t
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c
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s
s
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s
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n
i
n
F
i
gur
e
3(
a
)
.
T
o
b
e
g
i
n
,
t
h
e
o
r
i
g
i
n
a
l
B
F
T
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t
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r
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o
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da
t
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t
t
h
a
t
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d
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n
c
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a
c
k
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t
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s
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pa
r
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t
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r
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t
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r
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t
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m
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i
s
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o
nv
e
r
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d
to
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f
o
r
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t
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t
t
h
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v
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h
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s
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t
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h
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R
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a
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is
c
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c
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l
a
t
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d.
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h
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a
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r
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va
l
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h
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m
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t
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t
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wh
e
n
t
h
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a
v
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r
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ge
R
GB
v
a
l
ue
is
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t
h
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i
m
a
ge
is
c
l
a
s
s
i
f
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e
d
as
an
M
C
C
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da
t
a
s
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t
a
n
d
f
o
r
wa
r
de
d
to
t
h
e
“
MC
CI
da
t
a
s
e
t
p
r
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c
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s
s
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,
as
s
h
o
wn
in
F
i
gur
e
3(
b
)
.
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t
h
e
s
e
c
o
n
d
pr
o
c
e
s
s
(
“
M
C
C
I
da
t
a
s
e
t
pr
o
c
e
s
s
”
),
th
e
M
C
C
I
da
t
a
s
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t
f
r
o
m
t
h
e
“
c
l
e
a
r
da
t
a
s
e
t
pr
o
c
e
s
s
”
is
t
h
e
n
c
o
nv
e
r
t
e
d
to
a
n
R
GB
va
l
ue
f
o
r
e
a
c
h
i
m
a
ge
pi
xe
l
.
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h
e
R
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m
e
a
n
v
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i
s
t
h
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n
c
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l
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d
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c
l
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s
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if
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c
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t
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n
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l
go
r
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t
hm
,
a
s
s
h
o
w
n
i
n
F
i
gur
e
3(
b
)
.
T
h
e
r
e
s
ul
t
f
r
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m
t
h
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C
C
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f
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t
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e
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e
t
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m
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i
s
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l
a
s
s
if
i
e
d
a
s
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e
e
n
,
gr
e
e
n
-
b
r
o
wn
,
b
r
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wn
-
gr
e
e
n
,
or
de
e
p
b
r
o
wn
.
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h
e
M
C
C
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c
l
a
s
s
if
i
c
a
t
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o
n
pa
r
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m
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t
e
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a
l
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s
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re
r
e
f
e
r
r
e
d
to
in
T
a
bl
e
3.
(
a
)
(
b
)
F
i
gur
e
3.
F
l
o
wc
h
a
r
t
of
(
a
)
c
l
e
a
r
da
t
a
pr
o
c
e
s
s
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at
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].
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[2
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].
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RE
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D3
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
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bl
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s
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bl
e
5.
T
h
e
e
r
r
or
r
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s
ul
t
of
m
e
t
h
o
d
1:
B
/W
a
n
d
M
C
C
I
c
l
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if
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c
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t
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a
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2.8%
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2.
Re
s
u
l
t
of
t
h
e
2
nd
m
e
t
h
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T
o
b
e
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n
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h
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s
e
c
o
n
d
m
e
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we
di
vi
de
t
h
e
ga
t
h
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r
e
d
da
t
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s
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t
i
n
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w
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s
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n
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t
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t
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n
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t
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t
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bl
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l
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s
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t
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h
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r
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n
d
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e
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t
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hi
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ty
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l
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r
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r
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n
d
34
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t
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bl
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7.
A
s
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us
s
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t
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h
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r
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r
d
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h
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t
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o
r
y
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o
r
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r
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ot
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t
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n
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s
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ly
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a
t
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h
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m
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ur
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a
bl
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6.
A
nc
h
o
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p
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o
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t
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le
a
r
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201.0, 181.625, 96.437
D
e
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-
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w
n
126.176, 88.705, 19.764
T
a
bl
e
7.
T
h
e
e
r
r
or
r
e
s
ul
t
of
m
e
t
h
o
d
2:
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a
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t
t
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n
di
s
t
a
nc
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l
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r
t
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t
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M
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th
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le
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r
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p
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b
r
o
w
n
M
a
nha
tt
a
n
d
is
ta
nc
e
0%
6%
0%
4.
CONC
L
USI
ON
T
o
c
o
n
c
l
ud
e
,
wa
t
e
r
c
l
a
s
s
if
i
c
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t
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o
n
us
i
ng
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o
m
put
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s
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s
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s
s
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bl
e
t
o
b
e
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n
e
i
n
t
h
e
B
F
T
T
i
l
a
p
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a
a
qua
c
u
l
t
ur
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s
t
e
m
.
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h
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r
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s
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l
t
s
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f
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t
wo
m
e
t
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m
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s
t
r
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t
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r
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h
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r
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n
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e
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n
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s
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e
s
s
t
h
a
n
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)
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h
e
M
a
nh
a
t
t
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n
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t
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n
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l
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d
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m
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l
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d
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C
C
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if
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c
a
t
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o
n
(
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o
d)
.
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o
we
v
e
r
,
wh
e
n
c
o
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r
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n
t
e
d
w
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t
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m
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r
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r
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t
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upe
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t
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a
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R
/10/
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AU
T
HO
R
CONT
RI
B
UT
I
ONS
S
T
AT
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M
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NT
Nam
e
of
Aut
h
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a
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r
,
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.
S
uwa
n
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i
,
upo
n
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e
a
s
o
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a
bl
e
r
e
que
s
t
.
RE
F
E
R
E
NC
E
S
[
1]
R
.
L
.
N
a
y
l
o
r
e
t
al
.
,
“
E
f
f
e
c
t
of
a
qua
c
ul
tu
r
e
o
n
w
or
ld
f
is
h
s
uppl
ie
s
,”
N
at
ur
e
,
v
o
l.
405,
no
.
6790,
pp.
1017
–
1024,
J
un.
20
00,
do
i:
10.1038/35016500.
[
2]
M
.
G
.
C
.
E
me
r
e
n
c
ia
no
,
L
.
R
.
M
a
r
tí
ne
z
-
C
ór
d
ov
a
,
M
.
M
a
r
tí
ne
z
-
P
or
c
ha
s
,
a
nd
A
.
M
ir
a
nda
-
B
a
e
z
a
,
“
B
i
of
l
oc
t
e
c
hn
o
l
o
g
y
(
B
F
T
)
:
a
to
o
l
f
or
w
a
te
r
qua
li
t
y
ma
na
g
e
m
e
nt
i
n a
qu
a
c
ul
tu
r
e
,”
i
n
W
at
e
r
Q
ual
it
y
, I
n
T
e
c
h, 2017.
[
3]
F
.
D
ia
na
a
nd
M
.
M
a
he
ndr
a
,
“
B
i
of
l
o
k
te
c
hn
o
l
o
g
y
in
l
oc
a
l
s
hr
im
p
c
ul
ti
v
a
ti
o
n
s
y
s
t
e
ms
in
e
f
f
or
ts
t
o
im
pr
ove
th
e
e
c
o
n
o
m
y
a
nd
a
s
a
n
e
du
c
a
ti
o
n
v
il
la
g
e
i
n
P
a
nt
e
C
e
u
r
e
e
um
e
n
D
is
tr
ic
t,
W
e
s
t
A
c
e
h,”
I
nt
e
r
nat
io
nal
J
ou
r
nal
o
f
C
o
m
m
uni
ty
Se
r
v
ic
e
,
v
o
l.
2,
n
o.
4,
pp. 394
–
397, Nov
. 2022, d
o
i:
10.51601/i
j
c
s
.
v
2i
4.137.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
S
S
N
:
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n
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e
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i
a
n
J
E
l
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c
E
n
g
&
C
o
m
p
S
c
i
,
Vo
l
.
3
9
,
N
o
.
1
,
Ju
ly
20
25
:
497
-
508
506
[
4]
N
.
F
a
ti
ma
h
e
t
al
.
,
“
T
h
e
r
o
le
of
mi
c
r
o
bi
a
l
qu
or
um
s
e
ns
in
g
o
n
th
e
c
ha
r
a
c
t
e
r
is
ti
c
s
a
nd
f
un
c
ti
o
na
li
t
y
of
b
i
of
l
oc
s
in
a
qua
c
ul
tu
r
e
s
y
s
t
e
ms
,”
A
quac
ul
tu
r
e
, v
o
l.
504, pp. 420
–
426, Apr
. 2019, d
o
i:
10.1016/
j.
a
qua
c
ul
tu
r
e
.2019.02.022.
[
5]
K
.
R
.
K
ir
k,
“
M
o
d
e
li
ng
mi
c
r
o
bi
a
l
a
nd
nut
r
i
e
nt
dy
na
mi
c
s
in
z
e
r
o
-
di
s
c
ha
r
g
e
a
qua
c
ul
tu
r
e
s
y
s
t
e
ms
,”
2010.
ht
tp
:/
/g
r
a
dw
o
r
ks
.umi
.c
om/
34/
39/
3439360.htm
l
(
a
c
c
e
s
s
e
d J
ul
. 22, 2024)
.
[
6]
L
.
G
a
o
,
H
.
W
.
S
h
a
n
,
T
.
W
.
Z
h
a
ng
,
W
.
Y
.
B
a
o
,
a
nd
S
.
M
a
,
“
E
f
f
e
c
t
s
o
f
c
a
r
bo
h
y
dr
a
te
a
d
di
t
io
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o
n
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it
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pe
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e
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s
v
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nn
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me
i
in
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s
iv
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c
ul
t
ur
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i
n
a
z
e
r
o
-
w
a
te
r
e
x
c
ha
nge
s
y
s
te
m,
”
A
qu
a
c
ul
tu
r
e
, v
o
l.
34
2
–
34
3,
no
.
1,
p
p.
8
9
–
96
,
A
pr
.
20
12
,
do
i:
1
0.
10
16/
j.
a
qu
a
c
ul
tu
r
e
.2
01
2.
02
.0
22.
[
7]
O
.
A
.
L
.
F
. P
im
e
n
te
l,
A
.
M
.
A
ma
do
,
a
nd
N
.
H
.
T
h
e
y
,
“
B
i
of
l
oc
c
o
l
o
r
s
a
s
a
n
a
s
s
e
s
s
me
nt
t
oo
l
f
or
w
a
te
r
qua
li
t
y
in
s
hr
im
p f
a
r
mi
ng
w
it
h
B
F
T
s
y
s
te
ms
,”
A
quac
ul
tu
r
al
E
ngi
ne
e
r
in
g
,
vo
l.
101, p. 102321,
M
a
y
2023, d
o
i
:
10.1016/j
.a
qua
e
ng.2023.102321.
[
8]
“
M
a
tu
r
a
ti
o
n
a
nd S
pa
w
ni
ng
in
C
a
pt
i
v
it
y
of
P
e
na
e
id
S
h
r
im
p:
P
e
na
e
us
me
r
gui
e
ns
is
de
M
a
n P
e
na
e
us
j
a
po
n
ic
us
B
a
t
e
P
e
na
e
us
a
z
t
e
c
us
I
ve
s
M
e
ta
p
e
na
e
us
e
ns
is
de
H
a
nn P
e
na
e
us
s
e
mi
s
ul
c
a
tu
s
d
e
H
a
a
n,”
P
r
oc
e
e
di
ngs
of
t
he
annual me
e
ti
ng ‐
W
or
ld
M
ar
ic
ul
tu
r
e
Soc
ie
ty
,
vo
l.
6, n
o
. 1
–
4, pp
. 123
–
132, M
a
r
. 1975, d
o
i:
10.1111/j
.1749
-
7
345.1975.tb00011.x
.
[
9]
D
.
S
K
,
“
B
i
of
l
o
c
t
e
c
hn
o
l
o
g
y
(
B
F
T
)
:
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n e
f
f
e
c
ti
ve
t
oo
l
f
o
r
r
e
me
di
a
ti
o
n of
e
n
v
ir
o
nm
e
nt
a
l
is
s
ue
s
a
nd c
o
s
t
e
f
f
e
c
ti
ve
n
ove
l
t
e
c
hn
o
l
o
g
y
in
a
qua
c
ul
t
ur
e
,”
I
nt
e
r
nat
io
nal
J
our
nal
of
O
c
e
anogr
aphy
&
A
qu
ac
ul
tu
r
e
, vo
l.
2, n
o
. 2, 2018, d
o
i:
10.23880/i
j
o
a
c
-
16000135.
[
10]
D
.
L
o
p
e
z
-
B
e
ta
nc
u
r
,
I
.
M
o
r
e
n
o
,
C
.
G
ue
r
r
e
r
o
-
M
e
nd
e
z
,
D
.
G
óm
e
z
-
M
e
lé
nde
z
,
M
.
J
.
P
.
de
M
a
c
ia
s
,
a
nd
C
.
O
lv
e
r
a
-
O
l
ve
r
a
,
“
E
f
f
e
c
t
s
of
c
o
l
o
r
e
d
li
ght
o
n
gr
o
w
th
a
nd
nut
r
it
i
o
na
l
c
o
mp
o
s
it
i
o
n
of
ti
la
pi
a
,
a
nd
bi
of
l
oc
a
s
a
f
ood
s
o
ur
c
e
,”
A
ppl
ie
d
Sc
ie
nc
e
s
(
Sw
it
z
e
r
la
nd)
,
vo
l.
10, n
o
. 1, p. 362, J
a
n. 2020, doi:
10.3390/app100103
62.
[
11]
H
.
M
a
na
n,
J
.
H
.
Z
h
o
ng
M
o
h,
N
.
A
.
K
a
s
a
n,
a
nd
I
.
M
hd,
“
B
i
of
lo
c
a
ppl
i
c
a
ti
o
n
in
c
l
o
s
e
d
ha
tc
h
e
r
y
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u
lt
ur
e
s
y
s
t
e
m
of
pa
c
i
f
ic
w
hi
te
s
hr
im
p,
P
e
na
e
us
v
a
nna
m
e
i
in
s
us
ta
in
in
g
th
e
go
o
d
w
a
te
r
qua
li
t
y
ma
na
ge
me
nt
,”
J
our
nal
o
f
F
is
he
r
ie
s
and
A
quat
ic
Sc
i
e
nc
e
,
v
o
l.
11,
no
. 4, pp. 278
–
286, J
un. 2016, d
o
i:
10.3923/j
f
a
s
.2016.278.286.
[
12]
M
.
G
.
C
.
E
me
r
e
nc
i
a
no
,
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.
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ir
a
nd
a
-
B
a
e
z
a
,
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.
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a
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tí
ne
z
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o
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c
ha
s
,
M
.
A
.
P
o
li
,
a
n
d
F
.
do
N
.
V
ie
ir
a
,
“
B
io
f
l
o
c
t
e
c
hno
lo
gy
(
B
F
T
)
in
s
hr
im
p
f
a
r
m
in
g:
p
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th
e
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ut
ur
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,
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r
o
nt
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r
s
in
M
a
r
in
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Sc
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e
n
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e
,
v
o
l.
8,
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e
c
.
2
02
1,
do
i:
1
0.
33
89
/f
ma
r
s
.2
02
1.
81
30
91
.
[
13]
J
.
H
a
r
gr
e
a
v
e
s
,
“
B
i
of
l
oc
pr
o
du
c
ti
o
n
s
y
s
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ms
f
or
a
qu
a
c
ul
tu
r
e
,”
2013.
A
v
a
il
a
bl
e
:
ht
tp
s
:/
/a
qua
c
ul
tu
r
e
.c
a
.uk
y
.
e
du/
s
it
e
s
/
a
qua
c
ul
tu
r
e
.c
a
.uk
y
.
e
du/
f
il
e
s
/s
r
a
c
_4503_bi
of
l
oc
_pr
o
du
c
ti
o
n_s
y
s
te
ms
_
f
o
r
_a
qua
c
u
lt
ur
e
.pd
f
(
a
c
c
e
s
s
e
d N
ov
. 20, 2024
)
.
[
14]
M
.
H
.
K
ha
nj
a
ni
a
nd
M
.
S
ha
r
if
in
ia
,
“
B
i
of
l
oc
te
c
hn
o
l
o
g
y
a
s
a
pr
o
mi
s
in
g
t
oo
l
t
o
im
pr
ov
e
a
qua
c
u
lt
ur
e
pr
o
duc
ti
o
n,”
R
e
v
ie
w
s
i
n
A
quac
ul
tu
r
e
, vo
l.
12, n
o
. 3, pp. 1836
–
1850, Aug. 2020, d
o
i:
10.
1111/r
a
q.12412.
[
15]
W
.
J
.
X
u,
T
.
C
.
M
o
r
r
is
,
a
nd
T
.
M
.
S
a
m
oc
ha
,
“
E
f
f
e
c
ts
of
C
/N
r
a
ti
o
o
n
bi
of
l
oc
d
e
ve
l
o
pm
e
nt
,
w
a
te
r
qua
li
t
y
,
a
nd
p
e
r
f
or
ma
nc
e
of
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it
o
pe
na
e
us
v
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nna
m
e
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ju
ve
ni
l
e
s
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bi
of
l
o
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-
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s
e
d,
hi
gh
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d
e
ns
it
y
,
z
e
r
o
-
e
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ha
nge
,
o
ut
d
oor
ta
nk
s
y
s
t
e
m,”
A
quac
ul
tu
r
e
,
vo
l.
4
53,
pp. 169
–
175, F
e
b. 2016, d
o
i:
10.1016/j
.a
qua
c
ul
tu
r
e
.2015.11.02
1.
[
16]
M
.
A
.
A
.
L
a
z
o
,
L
.
M
.
K
.
S
.
G
e
r
o
ni
m
o
,
L
.
J
.
T
.
C
o
mi
la
ng,
K
.
J
.
B
.
C
a
y
m
e
,
J
.
M
.
V
e
nt
ur
a
,
a
nd
E
.
C
.
A
ba
na
,
“
A
qua
c
is
i
o
n:
a
mul
ti
pa
r
a
me
t
e
r
a
qua
c
ul
tu
r
e
w
a
te
r
qua
li
t
y
t
e
s
te
r
a
nd
d
e
c
is
io
n
s
uppo
r
t
s
y
s
t
e
m,”
I
ndone
s
ia
n
J
our
nal
of
E
le
c
tr
ic
al
E
ngi
ne
e
r
in
g
and
C
om
put
e
r
Sc
ie
n
c
e
, v
o
l.
24, n
o
. 1, pp. 530
–
537, O
c
t.
2021, d
o
i:
10.11591/i
je
e
c
s
.v
24.
i1
.pp530
-
537.
[1
7
]
R
.
W
.
T
.
H
a
r
t
o
n
o
,
S
.
P
.
A
ngg
r
a
e
ni
,
F
.
H
.
S
uw
a
nda
,
E
.
P
r
a
ti
w
i
,
R
.
N
.
S
ha
br
in
a
,
a
nd
V
.
F
it
r
ia
na
,
“
E
-
C
it
y
F
a
r
m:
s
us
ta
in
a
bl
e
s
m
a
ll
-
s
c
a
le
f
ood pr
o
du
c
ti
o
n i
n
te
g
r
a
te
d
f
is
h a
nd c
r
o
p
c
ul
ti
v
a
ti
o
n,”
T
e
l
k
om
ni
k
a (
T
e
le
c
om
m
uni
c
at
io
n C
om
put
in
g E
le
c
tr
oni
c
s
and C
ont
r
ol
)
,
vo
l.
20, n
o
. 5, pp. 1055
–
1063, O
c
t.
2022, d
o
i:
10.12928/
T
E
L
K
O
M
N
I
K
A
.v
20
i5
.24095.
[1
8
]
H
. F
le
y
e
h, “
C
o
l
o
r
de
t
e
c
ti
o
n a
nd
s
e
gm
e
nt
a
ti
o
n
f
or
r
o
a
d a
nd
tr
a
f
f
ic
s
ig
ns
,”
i
n
2004
I
E
E
E
C
onf
e
r
e
nc
e
on C
y
b
e
r
ne
ti
c
s
and I
nt
e
ll
ig
e
nt
Sy
s
te
m
s
, 2004, v
o
l.
2, pp.
808
–
813, d
o
i:
10.1109/i
c
c
is
.2004.1460692.
[
19
]
K
.
B
.
S
ha
ik
,
P
.
G
a
n
e
s
a
n,
V
.
K
a
li
s
t,
B
.
S
.
S
a
th
is
h,
a
nd
J
.
M
.
M
.
J
e
ni
th
a
,
“
C
o
mpa
r
a
ti
ve
s
tu
d
y
of
s
ki
n
c
o
l
o
r
d
e
t
e
c
ti
o
n
a
nd
s
e
gm
e
nt
a
t
io
n
i
n H
S
V
a
nd Y
C
bC
r
c
o
l
or
s
pa
c
e
,”
P
r
oc
e
di
a C
om
put
e
r
Sc
ie
nc
e
,
vo
l.
57, pp. 41
–
4
8, 2015, d
o
i:
10.1016/
j.
pr
oc
s
.2015.07.362.
[
20
]
P
.
S
.
D
ut
h
a
nd
M
.
M
.
D
e
e
pa
,
“
C
o
l
o
r
d
e
t
e
c
ti
o
n
in
R
G
B
-
m
o
d
e
l
e
d
im
a
ge
s
us
in
g
M
A
T
L
A
B
,”
I
nt
e
r
nat
io
nal
J
our
nal
of
E
ngi
ne
e
r
in
g
and T
e
c
hnol
ogy
(
U
A
E
)
,
vo
l.
7, n
o
. 2, pp. 29
–
33, M
a
y
2018, d
oi
:
10.14419/i
je
t.
v
7i
2.31.13391
.
[2
1
]
N
.
T
a
w
,
“
S
hr
i
m
p
f
a
r
mi
ng
in
bi
of
l
oc
s
y
s
t
e
m :
r
e
v
i
e
w
a
nd
r
e
c
e
nt
d
e
v
e
l
o
p
me
nt
s
,”
W
or
ld
A
quac
ul
tu
r
e
A
de
la
id
e
2014
,
n
o
.
J
une
,
p. 33, 2014.
[2
2
]
M
a
hmuda
,
B
a
r
ka
tu
ll
a
h,
E
.
H
a
que
,
A
.
A
l
N
o
ma
n,
a
nd
F
.
A
hme
d,
“
I
ma
ge
pr
oc
e
s
s
in
g
ba
s
e
d
w
a
te
r
qua
li
t
y
m
o
ni
t
o
r
in
g
s
y
s
te
m
f
o
r
bi
of
l
o
c
f
is
h
f
a
r
m
in
g,”
in
2021
E
m
e
r
gi
ng
T
e
c
hnol
ogy
in
C
om
put
in
g,
C
om
m
uni
c
at
io
n
and
E
le
c
tr
oni
c
s
(
E
T
C
C
E
)
,
D
e
c
.
2
021,
pp. 1
–
6, do
i:
10.1109/
E
T
C
C
E
54784.2021.9689904.
[2
3
]
D
. S
. R
y
u a
nd
H
.
G
. C
ho
, “
A
s
t
y
li
z
e
d
bi
na
r
i
z
a
ti
o
n pr
oc
e
du
r
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f
or
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c
k/
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t
e
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o
mi
c
s
us
in
g H
S
V
r
e
gi
o
n
e
x
t
e
ns
i
o
n,”
i
n
P
r
oc
e
e
di
ngs
-
2008
I
nt
e
r
nat
io
nal
C
onf
e
r
e
n
c
e
on
C
onv
e
r
g
e
nc
e
and
H
y
b
r
id
I
nf
o
r
m
at
io
n
T
e
c
hnol
ogy
,
I
C
H
I
T
2008
,
2008,
pp.
149
–
1
54,
do
i:
10.1109/
I
C
H
I
T
.2008.166.
[2
4
]
M
.
F
a
ng,
Y
.
S
o
ng,
X
.
B
a
i,
Y
.
R
e
n,
a
nd
S
.
L
iu
,
“
A
m
e
th
o
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f
or
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o
l
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in
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l
o
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-
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c
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t
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o
ld
m
ov
i
e
s
th
r
o
ugh
o
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je
c
t
unde
r
s
ta
nd
in
g,”
in
P
r
oc
e
e
di
ngs
o
f
th
e
31s
t
C
hi
ne
s
e
C
ont
r
ol
and
D
e
c
is
io
n
C
on
f
e
r
e
nc
e
,
C
C
D
C
2019
,
J
un.
2019,
pp.
5944
–
5949,
do
i:
10.1109/C
C
D
C
.2019.8833380.
[2
5
]
H
a
v
il
uddi
n
e
t
al
.
,
“
A
pe
r
f
o
r
ma
n
c
e
c
o
mpa
r
is
o
n
of
e
u
c
li
d
e
a
n,
ma
nha
tt
a
n
a
nd
mi
nko
w
s
ki
di
s
ta
nc
e
s
in
k
-
me
a
ns
c
lu
s
te
r
in
g,”
in
2020
6t
h
I
nt
e
r
nat
io
nal
C
on
f
e
r
e
nc
e
on
Sc
ie
nc
e
in
I
n
f
or
m
at
io
n
T
e
c
h
nol
ogy
:
E
m
br
ac
in
g
I
ndus
tr
y
4.0:
T
ow
ar
ds
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nnov
at
io
n
in
D
i
s
a
s
te
r
M
anage
m
e
nt
, I
C
SI
T
e
c
h 2020
, O
c
t.
2020, pp. 184
–
188, d
o
i:
10.
110
9/
I
C
S
I
T
e
c
h49800.2020.9392053.
[2
6
]
L
.
G
r
e
c
h
e
,
M
.
J
a
z
o
ul
i,
N
.
E
s
-
S
ba
i,
A
.
M
a
jd
a
,
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nd
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.
Z
a
r
ghi
li
,
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o
mpa
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o
n
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n
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u
c
li
d
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n
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nd
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ur
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x
p
r
e
s
s
i
o
ns
c
la
s
s
if
i
c
a
ti
o
n,”
in
2017
I
nt
e
r
nat
io
nal
C
onf
e
r
e
nc
e
on
W
ir
e
le
s
s
T
e
c
hnol
ogi
e
s
,
E
m
be
dde
d
and
I
nt
e
ll
i
ge
nt
Sy
s
te
m
s
, W
I
T
S 2017
, A
pr
. 2017, pp. 1
–
4, d
o
i:
10.1109/WI
T
S
.2
017.7934618.
B
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