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[
1
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[
4
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Acc
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[
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I
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I
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,
Vo
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15
,
No
.
3
,
J
u
n
e
20
25
:
3
4
7
7
-
3
4
9
3
3478
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L
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em
p
lo
y
ed
,
co
m
p
ar
is
o
n
s
o
f
v
ar
io
u
s
s
y
s
tem
s
,
an
d
th
eir
lim
itatio
n
s
.
B
y
cr
itically
ev
alu
atin
g
th
es
e
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
es,
th
e
r
ev
iew
aim
s
to
o
f
f
er
a
co
m
p
r
eh
e
n
s
iv
e
o
v
er
v
iew
o
f
th
e
cu
r
r
en
t
wo
r
k
,
h
ig
h
lig
h
t
ar
ea
s
f
o
r
im
p
r
o
v
em
e
n
t a
n
d
o
u
tlin
e
p
o
te
n
tial d
ir
ec
tio
n
s
f
o
r
f
u
tu
r
e
r
ese
ar
ch
.
T
h
e
in
itial
s
ec
tio
n
o
f
th
is
r
ev
iew
f
o
cu
s
es
o
n
s
en
s
o
r
-
b
ased
s
y
s
tem
s
f
o
r
d
etec
tin
g
d
r
iv
e
r
d
r
o
wsi
n
ess
.
T
h
ese
s
y
s
tem
s
em
p
lo
y
a
r
an
g
e
o
f
s
en
s
o
r
s
to
m
o
n
ito
r
p
h
y
s
io
lo
g
ical
an
d
b
e
h
av
io
r
al
s
i
g
n
s
o
f
f
atig
u
e
a
n
d
in
to
x
icatio
n
,
aim
in
g
to
d
eliv
e
r
tim
ely
war
n
in
g
s
in
o
r
d
er
t
o
r
ed
u
ce
t
h
e
r
is
k
o
f
ac
cid
en
ts
c
au
s
ed
b
y
im
p
air
e
d
d
r
iv
er
s
.
Am
o
n
g
th
e
co
m
m
o
n
l
y
u
s
ed
tech
n
iq
u
es,
p
h
y
s
io
lo
g
i
ca
l
-
b
ased
m
eth
o
d
s
s
tan
d
o
u
t,
as
th
ey
tr
ac
k
k
ey
v
ital
s
ig
n
s
n
am
ely
,
h
ea
r
t
r
ate,
b
r
ea
th
in
g
r
ate,
an
d
elec
tr
o
d
e
r
m
al
ac
tiv
ity
to
ev
alu
ate
th
e
d
r
iv
er
’
s
f
atig
u
e
lev
el.
T
h
ese
m
etr
ics p
r
o
v
id
e
r
ea
l
-
ti
m
e
f
ee
d
b
ac
k
,
m
ak
i
n
g
th
e
m
h
i
g
h
ly
ef
f
ec
tiv
e
in
id
e
n
tify
in
g
d
r
o
wsi
n
ess
.
I
n
r
ec
en
t
y
ea
r
s
,
f
ac
ial
f
ea
tu
r
e
an
aly
s
is
,
p
ar
ticu
lar
ly
f
o
cu
s
ed
o
n
th
e
d
r
iv
e
r
’
s
ey
e
b
eh
a
v
io
r
,
h
as
g
ain
ed
a
lo
t o
f
atten
tio
n
a
m
o
n
g
th
e
r
e
s
ea
r
ch
er
s
.
Var
io
u
s
alg
o
r
ith
m
s
h
av
e
b
ee
n
d
ev
elo
p
ed
to
d
etec
t
s
ig
n
s
o
f
f
atig
u
e
b
y
m
o
n
ito
r
in
g
e
y
e
m
o
v
em
e
n
ts
,
b
lin
k
in
g
f
r
eq
u
en
cy
,
an
d
e
y
elid
clo
s
u
r
e
(
PERC
L
OS)
.
T
h
ese
s
y
s
tem
s
h
av
e
p
r
o
v
en
ef
f
ec
tiv
e
in
r
ea
l
-
tim
e
ap
p
licati
o
n
s
,
wh
er
e
c
o
n
tin
u
o
u
s
m
o
n
ito
r
in
g
o
f
ey
e
s
tates
p
r
o
v
id
es
ea
r
ly
war
n
in
g
s
ig
n
s
o
f
d
r
o
wsi
n
ess
.
E
x
p
an
d
in
g
o
n
t
h
is
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
,
s
ev
er
al
s
tu
d
ies
h
av
e
in
teg
r
ate
d
m
o
u
t
h
-
b
ased
in
d
icato
r
s
,
s
u
ch
as
y
awn
in
g
d
etec
tio
n
an
d
lip
m
o
v
em
en
t a
n
aly
s
is
,
to
en
h
an
ce
th
e
ac
cu
r
ac
y
o
f
d
r
o
wsi
n
ess
d
etec
tio
n
s
y
s
tem
s
.
2
.
1
.
E
x
is
t
ing
wo
r
k
o
n driv
er
dro
wsi
nes
s
a
nd
a
lco
ho
l det
ec
t
io
n ba
s
ed
o
n sens
o
r
s
A
co
m
m
o
n
a
p
p
r
o
ac
h
in
m
o
d
er
n
s
y
s
tem
s
in
clu
d
es
th
e
u
s
ag
e
o
f
s
en
s
o
r
s
to
m
o
n
ito
r
s
p
ec
if
ic
en
v
ir
o
n
m
en
tal
an
d
p
h
y
s
io
lo
g
i
ca
l
p
ar
am
eter
s
.
T
h
is
m
eth
o
d
in
co
r
p
o
r
ates
s
p
ec
ialized
s
en
s
o
r
s
in
s
talled
with
in
a
ca
r
to
g
ath
er
cr
u
cial
d
ata
a
n
d
d
etec
t
p
o
ten
tial
s
ig
n
s
o
f
f
atig
u
e
o
r
in
to
x
icatio
n
.
Am
o
n
g
th
e
f
r
e
q
u
en
tl
y
em
p
lo
y
ed
s
en
s
o
r
s
ar
e
th
e
M
Q
-
3
alco
h
o
l
s
en
s
o
r
an
d
th
e
ey
e
b
lin
k
s
en
s
o
r
,
wh
ich
p
la
y
p
iv
o
tal
r
o
les
in
id
en
tify
in
g
d
r
u
n
k
en
n
ess
an
d
d
r
o
wsi
n
ess
,
r
esp
ec
tiv
ely
,
en
ab
lin
g
tim
ely
in
ter
v
en
tio
n
s
to
p
r
e
v
en
t a
cc
id
en
ts
.
T
h
e
ey
e
b
lin
k
s
en
s
o
r
tr
ac
k
s
th
e
d
r
iv
er
’
s
e
y
e
m
o
v
em
e
n
ts
,
an
a
ly
zin
g
p
atter
n
s
th
at
m
ay
in
d
icate
s
f
atig
u
e.
B
y
co
n
tin
u
o
u
s
ly
m
ea
s
u
r
in
g
th
e
f
r
eq
u
en
cy
an
d
d
u
r
atio
n
o
f
ey
e
b
lin
k
s
,
th
e
s
en
s
o
r
ca
n
g
au
g
e
t
ir
ed
n
ess
an
d
is
s
u
e
aler
ts
wh
en
th
ese
m
etr
ics
ex
ce
ed
th
e
p
r
ed
ef
in
e
d
th
r
esh
o
ld
s
.
T
h
is
r
ea
l
-
tim
e
m
o
n
ito
r
in
g
f
ac
ilit
ates
th
e
ea
r
ly
d
etec
tio
n
o
f
d
r
o
wsi
n
ess
,
allo
win
g
th
e
d
r
iv
e
r
to
tak
e
a
p
p
r
o
p
r
iate
ac
tio
n
s
,
s
u
ch
as
p
u
llin
g
o
v
e
r
o
r
ta
k
in
g
a
b
r
ea
k
.
Similar
ly
,
t
h
e
MQ
-
3
a
lco
h
o
l
s
en
s
o
r
is
d
esig
n
ed
to
d
etec
t
alco
h
o
l
lev
els
b
y
an
al
y
zin
g
th
e
d
r
iv
er
’
s
b
r
ea
th
.
I
t
m
ea
s
u
r
es
th
e
co
n
ce
n
tr
atio
n
o
f
alc
o
h
o
l
m
o
lecu
les
a
n
d
co
m
p
ar
es
th
e
r
esu
lts
ag
ain
s
t
th
e
p
r
eset
lim
its
.
I
f
th
e
d
etec
ted
co
n
ce
n
tr
atio
n
ex
ce
ed
s
th
e
leg
al
th
r
esh
o
ld
,
t
h
e
d
ev
ice
g
en
e
r
ates
an
aler
t,
war
n
in
g
th
e
d
r
i
v
er
ag
ain
s
t
o
p
er
atin
g
t
h
e
v
e
h
icle
wh
ile
in
to
x
icate
d
.
B
y
in
te
g
r
ati
n
g
th
ese
s
en
s
o
r
-
b
ased
s
tr
ateg
ies,
ex
is
tin
g
s
y
s
tem
s
h
av
e
s
h
o
wn
p
r
o
m
is
e
in
m
itig
atin
g
th
e
r
is
k
s
ass
o
ciate
d
with
d
r
o
wsy
an
d
alco
h
o
l
-
im
p
air
e
d
d
r
iv
i
n
g
.
O
n
g
o
in
g
r
esear
ch
co
n
tin
u
es
to
f
o
c
u
s
o
n
en
h
an
cin
g
th
e
ac
cu
r
ac
y
an
d
r
eliab
ilit
y
o
f
th
ese
s
en
s
o
r
s
,
r
ef
lectin
g
a
co
m
m
itm
en
t
t
o
im
p
r
o
v
i
n
g
th
eir
ab
ilit
y
t
o
m
o
n
ito
r
a
b
r
o
a
d
er
r
a
n
g
e
o
f
p
h
y
s
io
lo
g
ical
a
n
d
e
n
v
ir
o
n
m
en
tal
p
ar
am
eter
s
ef
f
ec
tiv
ely
.
Kin
ag
e
an
d
Patil
[
2
2
]
p
r
o
p
o
s
e
d
a
s
y
s
tem
d
esig
n
ed
to
en
h
an
ce
r
o
ad
s
af
ety
th
r
o
u
g
h
th
e
in
t
eg
r
atio
n
o
f
v
ar
io
u
s
d
etec
tio
n
m
ec
h
an
is
m
s
.
T
h
e
s
y
s
tem
co
m
p
r
is
es
th
r
ee
p
r
im
ar
y
co
m
p
o
n
e
n
ts
:
alco
h
o
l
d
etec
tio
n
,
ey
e
tr
ac
k
in
g
,
an
d
h
ea
d
m
o
v
em
en
t
d
etec
tio
n
.
MQ
-
3
s
en
s
o
r
is
e
m
p
lo
y
ed
f
o
r
alco
h
o
l
d
etec
tio
n
d
u
e
to
its
lo
w
c
o
s
t
an
d
h
ig
h
s
en
s
itiv
ity
to
alco
h
o
l
.
T
h
e
s
en
s
o
r
d
etec
ts
eth
an
o
l
i
n
th
e
air
o
r
h
u
m
an
b
r
ea
th
in
o
r
d
er
to
m
ea
s
u
r
e
th
e
lev
el
o
f
alc
o
h
o
l
p
r
esen
t.
T
h
e
ey
e
tr
ac
k
in
g
c
o
m
p
o
n
en
t
u
s
es
an
in
f
r
a
r
ed
s
en
s
o
r
with
an
in
f
r
ar
ed
(
I
R
)
lig
h
t
em
itti
n
g
d
io
d
e
(
L
E
D
)
an
d
a
n
I
R
p
h
o
to
d
i
o
d
e.
T
h
is
s
etu
p
m
ea
s
u
r
es
th
e
lig
h
t
r
ef
lecte
d
f
r
o
m
t
h
e
ey
e
to
ca
lc
u
late
th
e
b
lin
k
r
ate,
en
ab
lin
g
th
e
d
etec
tio
n
o
f
d
r
iv
er
d
r
o
wsi
n
ess
.
Fo
r
t
h
e
h
ea
d
m
o
v
em
e
n
t
d
et
ec
tio
n
,
th
e
s
y
s
tem
in
co
r
p
o
r
ates
a
3
-
a
x
is
d
etec
tio
n
ac
ce
ler
o
m
eter
,
ADXL
3
3
0
.
T
h
e
s
y
s
tem
d
etec
ts
h
ea
d
ac
ce
ler
atio
n
s
in
v
a
r
io
u
s
d
ir
ec
tio
n
s
,
wh
ich
a
r
e
in
d
icate
d
b
y
th
e
L
E
D
s
ig
n
als.
T
h
e
s
y
s
tem
em
p
lo
y
s
b
o
t
h
r
elativ
e
a
n
d
ab
s
o
lu
te
m
a
p
p
in
g
tech
n
iq
u
es to
d
ete
r
m
in
e
th
e
c
h
an
g
es in
th
e
h
ea
d
p
o
s
itio
n
.
J
en
is
an
d
Dh
ar
s
h
in
i
[
2
3
]
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
a
s
y
s
tem
aim
ed
at
p
r
ev
en
tin
g
ac
cid
en
ts
ca
u
s
ed
b
y
d
r
iv
e
r
d
r
o
wsi
n
ess
an
d
alco
h
o
l
c
o
n
s
u
m
p
tio
n
.
T
h
e
s
y
s
tem
em
p
lo
y
s
an
ey
e
b
lin
k
s
en
s
o
r
to
m
o
n
ito
r
d
r
o
wsi
n
ess
b
y
tr
ac
k
in
g
th
e
d
r
iv
er
’
s
b
lin
k
r
a
te.
I
f
th
e
d
r
iv
e
r
’
s
ey
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r
em
ain
clo
s
ed
f
o
r
m
o
r
e
th
an
5
s
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o
n
d
s
,
a
b
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r
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n
t.
W
h
en
alco
h
o
l
is
d
etec
ted
,
an
L
E
D
in
d
icato
r
g
lo
ws,
an
d
th
e
DC
m
o
to
r
ad
ju
s
ts
th
e
v
eh
icle’
s
s
p
ee
d
ac
co
r
d
in
g
to
th
e
d
etec
ted
alco
h
o
l le
v
el.
Sh
alin
i
et
a
l.
[
2
4
]
d
ev
is
ed
a
m
u
ltifu
n
ctio
n
al
s
y
s
tem
d
esig
n
ed
to
d
etec
t
d
r
iv
e
r
d
r
o
wsi
n
e
s
s
,
alco
h
o
l
co
n
s
u
m
p
tio
n
,
an
d
m
o
b
ile
p
h
o
n
e
u
s
ag
e
d
u
r
in
g
d
r
iv
in
g
.
T
h
e
s
y
s
tem
u
tili
ze
s
s
en
s
o
r
s
to
m
o
n
ito
r
th
ese
p
ar
am
eter
s
,
co
m
p
a
r
in
g
th
e
s
en
s
o
r
r
ea
d
in
g
s
with
p
r
e
-
d
ef
in
e
d
r
ef
er
en
ce
v
al
u
es
s
to
r
ed
in
th
e
m
icr
o
-
co
n
tr
o
ller
’
s
m
em
o
r
y
.
I
f
th
e
r
ea
d
in
g
ex
ce
e
d
th
e
s
et
th
r
esh
o
ld
s
,
th
e
m
icr
o
-
co
n
tr
o
ller
tr
ig
g
er
s
a
war
n
in
g
m
ec
h
an
is
m
to
aler
t
th
e
d
r
iv
e
r
.
T
h
is
aler
s
y
s
tem
em
p
lo
y
s
v
ar
i
o
u
s
m
eth
o
d
s
,
in
lc
u
d
in
g
li
q
u
id
c
r
y
s
tal
d
is
p
lay
(
L
C
D
)
d
is
p
lay
,
au
d
ib
l
e
alar
m
s
,
an
d
o
th
er
war
n
in
g
s
ig
n
als,
to
av
er
t
p
o
ten
tial
ac
cid
en
ts
.
T
h
e
co
r
e
co
m
p
o
n
en
ts
o
f
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
s
y
s
tem
in
clu
d
e
an
Ar
d
u
in
o
m
icr
o
c
o
n
t
r
o
ller
,
ey
e
b
lin
k
s
en
s
o
r
,
alco
h
o
l sen
s
o
r
,
an
d
m
o
b
ile
p
h
o
n
e
u
s
ag
e
s
en
s
o
r
.
Sre
ed
h
ar
et
a
l.
[
2
5
]
d
e
v
elo
p
ed
a
v
eh
icle
-
b
ased
d
ev
ice
s
p
ec
if
ically
to
id
en
tify
in
s
tan
ce
s
o
f
alco
h
o
l
c
o
n
s
u
m
p
tio
n
a
n
d
d
r
iv
er
d
r
o
wsi
n
ess
.
T
h
e
s
y
s
te
m
co
m
p
r
is
es
s
ev
er
al
co
m
p
o
n
en
ts
,
in
clu
d
in
g
a
m
icr
o
co
n
tr
o
ller
(
AT
ME
GA3
2
8
)
,
c
r
y
s
tal
o
s
cillato
r
,
r
eg
u
late
d
p
o
wer
s
u
p
p
ly
,
L
E
D
i
n
d
icat
o
r
,
alc
o
h
o
l
s
en
s
o
r
(
MQ
3
0
3
A)
,
ey
e
b
lin
k
s
en
s
o
r
,
L
C
D
d
is
p
lay
,
DC
m
o
to
r
,
a
n
d
r
elay
.
T
h
e
alco
h
o
l
s
en
s
o
r
,
a
s
em
ico
n
d
u
ct
o
r
s
en
s
o
r
,
is
h
ig
h
ly
s
en
s
itiv
e
an
d
r
esp
o
n
d
s
q
u
ick
l
y
to
alco
h
o
l
d
etec
tio
n
.
T
h
e
ey
e
b
lin
k
s
e
n
s
o
r
u
s
es
in
f
r
ar
ed
tech
n
o
lo
g
y
to
m
o
n
ito
r
e
y
e
b
li
n
k
s
,
p
r
o
d
u
cin
g
a
h
ig
h
o
u
t
p
u
t
wh
en
th
e
ey
es
ar
e
cl
o
s
ed
an
d
a
lo
w
o
u
tp
u
t
w
h
en
th
e
ey
es a
r
e
o
p
en
.
Ma
n
id
ee
p
et
a
l.
[
2
6
]
p
r
esen
te
d
a
s
y
s
tem
th
at
u
s
es
an
in
f
r
ar
e
d
(
I
R
)
s
en
s
o
r
to
m
o
n
ito
r
th
e
d
r
iv
er
'
s
ey
e
m
o
v
em
en
ts
,
tr
ig
g
er
in
g
a
b
u
zz
er
if
an
ab
n
o
r
m
al
b
lin
k
r
ate
i
s
d
etec
ted
,
p
r
o
m
p
tin
g
t
h
e
d
r
i
v
er
to
r
e
m
ain
aler
t.
T
h
e
s
y
s
tem
e
x
ten
d
s
its
f
u
n
cti
o
n
ality
b
y
i
n
co
r
p
o
r
atin
g
ad
d
itio
n
al
f
ea
tu
r
es,
in
clu
d
in
g
an
al
co
h
o
l
d
etec
to
r
an
d
a
s
ea
t
b
elt
d
etec
to
r
,
to
ad
d
r
ess
m
u
ltip
le
f
ac
to
r
s
th
at
co
n
tr
ib
u
t
e
to
ac
cid
en
ts
.
Ad
d
itio
n
ally
,
an
ac
ce
ler
o
m
eter
is
in
teg
r
ated
t
o
d
etec
t
v
ib
r
atio
n
s
an
d
tilt
s
,
wh
ich
co
u
ld
i
n
d
ic
ate
an
ac
ci
d
en
t.
I
n
th
e
e
v
en
t
o
f
a
c
o
llis
io
n
,
th
e
g
lo
b
al
p
o
s
itio
n
s
y
s
tem
(
GPS
)
m
o
d
u
le
is
ac
tiv
ated
to
s
en
d
th
e
ca
r
'
s
latitu
d
e
an
d
lo
n
g
itu
d
e
co
o
r
d
in
ates
to
p
r
e
-
s
av
ed
em
er
g
en
c
y
co
n
tacts
v
ia
th
e
g
lo
b
al
s
y
s
tem
f
o
r
m
o
b
ile
(
GSM
)
s
y
s
tem
,
en
s
u
r
in
g
r
ap
id
ass
is
tan
ce
.
T
h
e
I
R
s
en
s
o
r
s
er
v
es
to
d
etec
t
ey
e
b
li
n
k
s
,
with
its
o
u
tp
u
t
d
ir
ec
ted
to
an
Ar
d
u
i
n
o
f
o
r
p
r
o
ce
s
s
in
g
.
T
ab
le
1
p
r
o
v
id
es
a
s
u
m
m
ar
y
o
f
d
r
iv
er
d
r
o
wsi
n
ess
an
d
alco
h
o
l
d
etec
tio
n
m
eth
o
d
s
b
ased
o
n
s
en
s
o
r
s
,
v
ar
io
u
s
s
en
s
o
r
tech
n
o
lo
g
ies
an
d
th
eir
a
p
p
licatio
n
s
f
o
r
m
o
n
ito
r
in
g
an
d
id
en
tif
y
in
g
s
ig
n
s
o
f
f
atig
u
e
a
n
d
in
to
x
icatio
n
.
T
ab
le
1
.
Su
m
m
a
r
y
o
f
d
r
iv
er
d
r
o
wsi
n
ess
an
d
alco
h
o
l d
etec
tio
n
b
ased
o
n
s
en
s
o
r
s
A
u
t
h
o
r
(
s)
Y
e
a
r
C
o
m
p
a
r
i
so
n
Li
mi
t
a
t
i
o
n
M
e
t
h
o
d
S
e
n
s
o
r
H
a
r
d
w
a
r
e
K
i
n
a
g
e
a
n
d
P
a
t
i
l
[
2
2
]
2
0
1
9
U
si
n
g
s
e
n
s
o
r
s
t
o
d
e
t
e
c
t
d
r
o
w
s
i
n
e
ss a
n
d
a
l
c
o
h
o
l
c
o
n
su
mp
t
i
o
n
o
f
t
h
e
d
r
i
v
e
r
i
n
r
e
a
l
-
t
i
me
a
n
d
a
l
e
r
t
s
t
h
e
d
r
i
v
e
r
u
si
n
g
v
o
i
c
e
mess
a
g
e
s
MQ
-
3
s
e
n
so
r
A
c
c
e
l
e
r
o
met
e
r
A
D
X
L3
3
0
I
n
f
r
a
r
e
d
se
n
s
o
r
-
A
r
d
u
i
n
o
U
n
o
R
3
−
N
o
t
v
e
r
y
a
c
c
u
r
a
t
e
f
o
r
mo
n
i
t
o
r
i
n
g
t
h
e
d
r
i
v
e
r
’
s
e
y
e
s wh
e
n
t
h
e
d
r
i
v
e
r
w
e
a
r
s
g
l
a
s
ses
a
n
d
c
a
n
b
e
a
f
f
e
c
t
e
d
b
y
s
u
n
l
i
g
h
t
.
Jen
i
s
e
t
a
l
.
[
2
3
]
2
0
2
0
Ey
e
b
l
i
n
k
se
n
s
o
r
a
n
d
a
n
a
l
c
o
h
o
l
s
e
n
s
o
r
t
o
d
e
t
e
c
t
d
r
o
w
s
i
n
e
ss a
n
d
a
l
c
o
h
o
l
c
o
n
su
mp
t
i
o
n
r
e
s
p
e
c
t
i
v
e
l
y
.
MQ
-
3
s
e
n
so
r
Ey
e
b
l
i
n
k
S
e
n
s
o
r
-
A
r
d
u
i
n
o
U
n
o
-
D
C
M
o
t
o
r
-
L2
9
8
H
B
r
i
d
g
e
-
B
u
z
z
e
r
-
LED
−
S
l
o
w
s
d
o
w
n
t
h
e
c
a
r
u
si
n
g
a
D
C
mo
t
o
r
,
w
h
i
c
h
m
a
y
n
o
t
b
e
e
f
f
e
c
t
i
v
e
i
n
a
l
l
si
t
u
a
t
i
o
n
s
.
−
W
e
a
r
i
n
g
t
h
e
e
y
e
b
l
i
n
k
sen
s
o
r
f
r
a
m
e
n
o
t
f
i
t
c
o
mf
o
r
t
a
b
l
y
f
o
r
a
l
l
d
r
i
v
e
r
s
S
h
a
l
i
n
i
e
t
a
l
.
[
2
4
]
2
0
1
9
M
o
n
i
t
o
r
i
n
g
d
r
i
v
e
r
d
r
o
w
s
i
n
e
ss,
a
l
c
o
h
o
l
c
o
n
su
mp
t
i
o
n
,
a
n
d
m
o
b
i
l
e
p
h
o
n
e
u
s
a
g
e
u
si
n
g
se
n
s
o
r
s.
Ey
e
b
l
i
n
k
S
e
n
s
o
r
MQ
-
3
s
e
n
so
r
M
o
b
i
l
e
S
n
i
f
f
e
r
-
A
t
mel
8
9
C
5
1
-
R
e
l
a
y
s
-
LC
D
D
i
sp
l
a
y
-
B
u
z
z
e
r
-
R
F
t
r
a
n
sm
i
t
t
e
r
a
n
d
r
e
c
e
i
v
er
−
N
o
a
u
t
o
m
a
t
i
c
a
l
e
r
t
sy
st
e
m
t
o
se
n
d
e
merg
e
n
c
y
mes
sa
g
e
s
t
o
f
a
mi
l
y
m
e
m
b
e
r
s
o
r
v
e
h
i
c
l
e
o
w
n
e
r
s
S
r
e
e
d
h
a
r
e
t
a
l
.
[
2
5
]
2
0
2
2
To
i
m
p
r
o
v
e
s
a
f
e
t
y
,
a
n
a
l
c
o
h
o
l
sen
s
o
r
a
n
d
a
n
e
y
e
b
l
i
n
k
sen
s
o
r
a
r
e
u
se
d
t
o
d
e
t
e
c
t
a
l
c
o
h
o
l
c
o
n
s
u
mp
t
i
o
n
a
n
d
f
a
t
i
g
u
e
,
r
e
sp
e
c
t
i
v
e
l
y
.
I
f
e
i
t
h
e
r
i
s fo
u
n
d
,
t
h
e
e
n
g
i
n
e
i
s
l
o
c
k
e
d
t
h
r
o
u
g
h
a
r
e
l
a
y
.
Ey
e
b
l
i
n
k
S
e
n
s
o
r
MQ
-
3
s
e
n
so
r
-
A
r
d
u
i
n
o
U
N
O
-
C
r
y
s
t
a
l
O
sc
i
l
l
a
t
o
r
-
L
ED
i
n
d
i
c
a
t
o
r
-
LC
D
d
i
s
p
l
a
y
-
D
C
M
o
t
o
r
-
R
e
l
a
y
-
B
u
z
z
e
r
−
D
r
i
v
e
r
a
l
w
a
y
s
n
e
e
d
t
o
w
e
a
r
t
h
e
e
y
e
b
l
i
n
k
se
n
s
o
r
f
r
a
me.
−
I
t
w
o
n
't
d
e
t
e
c
t
d
r
o
w
si
n
e
ss
i
f
t
h
e
d
r
i
v
e
r
f
o
r
g
e
t
s
t
o
w
e
a
r
t
h
e
se
n
s
o
r
o
r
t
a
k
e
s
i
t
o
f
f
w
h
i
l
e
d
r
i
v
i
n
g
M
a
n
i
d
e
e
p
e
t
a
l
.
[
2
6
]
2
0
2
2
I
R
sen
s
o
r
t
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Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
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N
:
2
0
8
8
-
8
7
0
8
I
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t J E
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&
C
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p
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g
,
Vo
l.
15
,
No
.
3
,
J
u
n
e
20
25
:
3
4
7
7
-
3
4
9
3
3480
2
.
2
.
E
x
is
t
ing
wo
r
k
o
n phy
s
io
lo
g
ica
l ba
s
ed
t
ec
hn
iqu
es f
o
r
dro
wsi
nes
s
det
ec
t
io
n
T
h
e
u
s
e
o
f
p
h
y
s
io
lo
g
ical
-
b
as
ed
tech
n
iq
u
es
wh
ich
in
v
o
lv
e
m
o
n
ito
r
in
g
an
d
an
al
y
zin
g
p
h
y
s
io
lo
g
ical
s
ig
n
als
to
esti
m
ate
an
in
d
iv
id
u
al'
s
lev
el
o
f
aler
tn
ess
is
also
o
n
e
o
f
th
e
p
r
o
m
is
in
g
a
p
p
r
o
a
ch
es
f
o
r
d
r
o
wsi
n
ess
d
etec
tio
n
.
T
h
ese
m
eth
o
d
s
tak
e
u
s
e
o
f
th
e
f
ac
t
th
at
s
o
m
e
o
f
th
e
p
h
y
s
io
lo
g
ical
ch
a
n
g
es
with
in
th
e
h
u
m
an
b
o
d
y
wh
ich
ar
e
r
elate
d
to
d
r
o
wsi
n
ess
.
Ma
n
y
r
esear
c
h
ef
f
o
r
ts
h
av
e
lo
o
k
e
d
i
n
to
p
h
y
s
io
lo
g
ically
b
ased
tech
n
i
q
u
es
as
a
way
to
d
iag
n
o
s
e
an
d
tr
ac
k
p
eo
p
le'
s
lev
els
o
f
d
r
o
wsi
n
ess
.
T
h
ese
m
eth
o
d
s
u
s
e
a
v
a
r
iety
o
f
s
en
s
o
r
s
,
s
u
ch
as
elec
tr
o
en
ce
p
h
al
o
g
r
am
(
E
E
G)
,
elec
tr
o
ca
r
d
io
g
r
am
(
E
C
G)
,
p
h
o
to
p
leth
y
s
m
o
g
r
ap
h
y
(
PP
G)
,
g
alv
an
ic
s
k
in
r
esp
o
n
s
e
(
GSR
)
,
an
d
elec
tr
o
m
y
o
g
r
a
p
h
y
(
E
MG
)
,
to
r
ec
o
r
d
an
d
an
aly
s
es
p
h
y
s
io
lo
g
ica
l
d
ata
r
elate
d
t
o
d
r
o
wsi
n
ess
.
B
y
an
aly
zin
g
th
e
s
e
s
ig
n
als,
r
esear
ch
er
s
h
o
p
e
to
cr
ea
te
n
o
n
-
in
tr
u
s
iv
e,
d
ep
en
d
ab
le
s
y
s
tem
s
f
o
r
id
en
tify
in
g
a
n
d
war
n
in
g
p
eo
p
l
e
wh
o
m
ay
b
e
at
r
is
k
o
f
d
r
o
wsi
n
ess
-
r
elate
d
p
r
o
b
lem
s
.
Acc
o
r
d
in
g
to
th
e
s
tu
d
y
th
at
p
r
esen
ted
b
y
Hwa
n
g
et
a
l.
[
2
7
]
,
it
is
in
s
u
f
f
icien
t
to
d
is
tin
g
u
is
h
b
etwe
en
aler
t
an
d
d
r
o
wsy
d
r
iv
i
n
g
s
tates
ju
s
t
b
ased
o
n
r
ea
ctio
n
tim
e.
Sig
n
if
ican
t
o
v
er
lap
s
in
th
e
d
is
tr
ib
u
tio
n
o
f
r
ea
ctio
n
tim
es
b
etwe
en
v
a
r
io
u
s
d
ata
b
lo
ck
s
s
u
g
g
ested
p
o
s
s
ib
le
class
if
icatio
n
p
r
o
b
lem
s
.
T
h
e
s
tu
d
y
u
s
ed
a
h
y
b
r
i
d
s
tr
ateg
y
th
at
co
m
b
in
es
m
an
u
al
v
id
eo
in
s
p
ec
tio
n
with
r
ea
ctio
n
tim
e
to
ad
d
r
ess
is
s
u
e.
T
h
e
q
u
ick
est
r
ea
ctio
n
tim
es
to
lan
e
d
ev
iatio
n
s
wer
e
u
s
ed
to
i
d
en
tify
ca
n
d
id
ate
war
n
in
g
b
lo
ck
s
in
v
id
eo
r
ec
o
r
d
in
g
s
th
at
s
h
o
wed
b
eh
av
io
r
al
in
d
icato
r
s
o
f
d
r
o
wsi
n
ess
.
T
h
e
n
ec
ess
ity
to
av
o
id
em
p
lo
y
i
n
g
a
s
et
th
r
esh
o
ld
is
s
h
o
wn
b
y
th
e
f
ac
t
th
at
th
e
r
ea
ctio
n
tim
e
d
is
tr
ib
u
tio
n
d
if
f
er
ed
s
ig
n
if
ica
n
tly
a
m
o
n
g
s
t
s
u
b
jects.
T
h
e
s
tu
d
y
em
p
lo
y
ed
a
d
r
iv
i
n
g
s
im
u
latio
n
s
etu
p
with
n
u
m
er
o
u
s
s
ig
n
als b
ein
g
ca
p
tu
r
ed
,
i
n
clu
d
in
g
as in
-
ea
r
,
s
ca
p
h
a,
co
n
v
e
n
tio
n
al,
E
C
G,
PP
G,
an
d
GSR
.
Dif
f
er
en
t
f
ea
tu
r
es
wer
e
r
etr
iev
ed
f
r
o
m
th
ese
s
ig
n
al
s
af
ter
th
ey
h
a
d
b
ee
n
p
r
o
ce
s
s
ed
f
o
r
an
aly
s
is
.
T
h
e
r
esu
lts
h
ig
h
lig
h
t
th
e
s
ig
n
if
ica
n
ce
o
f
in
teg
r
atin
g
p
h
y
s
io
lo
g
i
ca
l
in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
with
v
id
eo
in
s
p
ec
tio
n
in
o
r
d
er
to
p
r
ec
is
ely
d
is
tin
g
u
is
h
b
etwe
en
aler
t a
n
d
tire
d
d
r
iv
in
g
s
tates.
A
s
m
ar
t
o
f
f
lin
e
s
y
s
tem
to
i
d
e
n
tify
d
r
iv
er
d
r
o
wsi
n
ess
was
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
b
y
Ho
s
s
an
et
a
l.
[
2
8
]
.
T
h
e
E
E
G
s
en
s
o
r
was
em
p
lo
y
ed
b
y
th
e
au
th
o
r
s
to
co
llect
d
r
iv
e
r
b
r
ai
n
s
ig
n
als
f
o
r
f
atig
u
e
d
etec
tio
n
.
W
h
en
a
d
r
iv
er
'
s
f
atig
u
e
is
id
en
tifie
d
,
a
b
u
zz
e
r
alar
m
is
u
tili
ze
d
to
n
o
tify
th
em
.
Nex
t,
a
s
em
i
-
au
t
o
m
atic
p
ar
k
in
g
m
ec
h
an
is
m
with
a
m
icr
o
co
n
t
r
o
ller
is
u
s
ed
to
co
n
tr
o
l t
h
e
o
il f
lo
w
a
n
d
th
e
n
p
ar
k
th
e
ca
r
.
An
E
E
G
-
b
ased
f
atig
u
e
d
et
ec
tio
n
s
y
s
tem
with
th
r
ee
k
ey
c
o
m
p
o
n
en
ts
was
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
b
y
B
u
d
ak
et
a
l.
[
2
9
]
.
First,
th
e
i
n
s
tan
tan
eo
u
s
f
r
eq
u
en
cy
an
d
s
p
ec
tr
al
en
tr
o
p
y
f
ea
tu
r
es
ar
e
ta
k
en
o
u
t
o
f
th
e
E
E
G
s
p
ec
tr
o
g
r
am
im
a
g
es.
T
o
d
eter
m
in
e
th
e
e
n
er
g
y
d
is
tr
ib
u
tio
n
a
n
d
ze
r
o
-
cr
o
s
s
in
g
d
is
tr
ib
u
tio
n
p
r
o
p
er
ties
,
th
e
r
aw
E
E
G
s
ig
n
als
ar
e
also
ex
am
in
ed
.
Seco
n
d
,
th
e
d
ir
ec
t
ex
tr
ac
tio
n
o
f
d
etailed
f
ea
tu
r
es
f
r
o
m
th
e
E
E
G
s
p
ec
tr
o
g
r
am
p
ictu
r
es
u
s
in
g
p
r
e
-
tr
ai
n
ed
Ale
x
Net
an
d
VGG1
6
m
o
d
els.
T
h
ir
d
,
a
co
n
f
i
g
u
r
ab
le
Q
-
f
ac
to
r
w
av
elet
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
is
u
s
ed
to
s
ep
ar
ate
th
e
E
E
G
s
ig
n
als
in
to
co
r
r
esp
o
n
d
in
g
s
u
b
-
b
a
n
d
s
.
T
h
e
ac
q
u
ir
e
d
s
u
b
-
b
an
d
s
s
p
ec
tr
o
g
r
a
m
p
ictu
r
es
an
d
s
tatis
tical
f
ea
tu
r
es,
s
u
ch
a
s
th
e
m
ea
n
an
d
s
tan
d
ar
d
d
e
v
i
atio
n
o
f
th
e
s
u
b
-
b
a
n
d
s
in
s
tan
t
an
eo
u
s
f
r
eq
u
e
n
cies,
ar
e
s
u
b
s
eq
u
en
tly
ca
lcu
lated
b
y
th
e
au
th
o
r
s
.
T
h
e
co
llected
f
ea
tu
r
e
g
r
o
u
p
s
ar
e
s
en
t
to
an
lo
n
g
-
s
h
o
r
t
ter
m
m
em
o
r
y
(
L
STM
)
n
etwo
r
k
class
if
ier
o
n
ce
th
e
th
r
ee
co
m
p
o
n
e
n
ts
h
av
e
b
ee
n
p
r
o
ce
s
s
ed
.
An
o
f
f
lin
e
d
r
iv
er
d
r
o
wsi
n
ess
d
etec
tio
n
s
y
s
tem
was
p
r
o
p
o
s
e
d
b
y
Ar
tan
to
et
a
l
.
[
3
0
]
b
y
s
e
n
s
in
g
ey
e
clo
s
u
r
e
u
s
in
g
an
in
e
x
p
en
s
iv
e
(
elec
tr
o
-
myo
-
g
r
ap
h
y
)
E
MG
an
d
E
SP
8
2
6
6
wif
i
m
o
d
u
le.
T
h
e
ey
elid
m
u
s
cles
wer
e
o
b
s
er
v
e
d
u
s
in
g
th
r
ee
elec
tr
o
d
es
to
ca
lcu
late
th
e
ey
elid
clo
s
u
r
e
in
ter
v
al
an
d
th
e
elec
tr
i
ca
l
m
u
s
cle
ac
tiv
ity
o
f
th
e
s
k
in
.
T
h
e
s
k
in
-
b
o
r
n
e
E
MG
elec
tr
o
d
es
wer
e
p
u
t
o
n
a
s
p
ec
tacle
s
f
r
am
e.
T
h
e
s
y
s
tem
will
b
u
zz
th
e
d
r
iv
e
r
wh
en
th
e
d
r
iv
er
'
s
ey
elid
clo
s
u
r
e
ex
ce
ed
s
th
e
t
h
r
esh
o
ld
v
al
u
e
.
T
ab
le
2
s
u
m
m
ar
izes
th
e
p
h
y
s
io
lo
g
ical
-
b
ased
tech
n
iq
u
es
f
o
r
d
r
o
wsi
n
ess
d
etec
tio
n
,
h
ig
h
lig
h
tin
g
th
e
m
eth
o
d
s
u
s
ed
to
m
o
n
ito
r
v
ital
s
ig
n
s
s
u
ch
as
h
ea
r
t
r
ate,
b
r
ea
th
in
g
r
ate,
an
d
elec
tr
o
d
e
r
m
al
ac
tiv
ity
to
ass
ess
d
r
iv
er
f
a
tig
u
e.
2
.
3
.
E
x
is
t
ing
wo
r
k
o
n driv
er
dro
wsi
nes
s
m
o
nito
ring
us
in
g
v
is
ua
l a
na
ly
s
is
o
f
ey
e
s
t
a
t
e
T
h
e
d
e
v
elo
p
m
e
n
t
o
f
r
eliab
le
d
r
iv
er
d
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2
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elate
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to
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d
r
iv
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n
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h
e
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m
er
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is
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ep
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co
n
s
is
ten
tly
o
b
s
er
v
e
th
e
d
r
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e
r
'
s
ey
es,
tr
ig
g
er
in
g
th
e
b
u
zz
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if
clo
s
ed
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o
r
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e
x
ten
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e
d
p
er
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d
,
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u
s
p
r
o
m
p
tin
g
im
m
ed
iate
d
r
iv
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aler
tn
ess
.
Ad
d
itio
n
ally
,
th
e
GPS
ca
p
ab
ilit
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en
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les
r
ea
l
-
tim
e
tr
ac
k
in
g
o
f
th
e
d
r
iv
e
r
'
s
lo
ca
tio
n
,
o
f
f
er
in
g
v
al
u
ab
le
in
s
ig
h
ts
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er
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cy
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itu
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h
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s
o
f
twar
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id
e
in
v
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l
v
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s
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e
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tili
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Py
th
o
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DE
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n
d
Op
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to
f
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ate
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icien
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ata
p
r
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s
s
in
g
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d
an
aly
s
is
f
o
r
e
f
f
ec
tiv
e
m
o
n
ito
r
in
g
.
Kaa
v
y
a
et
a
l.
[
3
3
]
in
tr
o
d
u
ce
d
a
s
y
s
tem
em
p
lo
y
in
g
a
R
asp
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er
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in
teg
r
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in
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cle,
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en
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tify
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m
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a
v
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ati
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en
s
o
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to
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etec
t
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cid
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ts
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h
e
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asp
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y
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er
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es
as
th
e
ce
n
tr
al
h
u
b
,
co
n
n
ec
tin
g
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n
d
co
o
r
d
in
atin
g
th
e
v
ar
io
u
s
s
en
s
o
r
s
a
n
d
th
e
ca
m
e
r
a.
An
I
o
T
m
o
d
u
le
f
ac
ilit
ates
th
e
tr
an
s
m
is
s
io
n
o
f
a
n
o
tific
atio
n
m
ess
ag
e
to
a
s
er
v
er
.
T
h
e
s
y
s
tem
e
m
p
lo
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th
e
Haa
r
C
ascad
e
Alg
o
r
ith
m
f
o
r
f
ac
ial
an
d
ey
e
d
etec
tio
n
,
u
tili
zin
g
im
ag
e
p
r
o
ce
s
s
in
g
tech
n
iq
u
es
to
co
n
f
ir
m
in
s
tan
ce
s
o
f
d
r
o
wsi
n
ess
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Up
o
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tio
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d
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alco
h
o
l
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m
p
tio
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o
r
a
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ac
cid
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t,
a
n
o
tific
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m
ess
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e
is
d
is
p
atch
ed
to
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e
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er
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er
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c
o
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r
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en
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itiatin
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a
m
o
to
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t
o
f
f
f
o
r
s
af
ety
m
ea
s
u
r
es.
Ash
win
i
et
a
l.
[
3
4
]
d
esig
n
ed
a
s
y
s
tem
in
co
r
p
o
r
atin
g
a
R
asp
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3
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a
US
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d
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with
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p
ab
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r
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ar
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eter
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ea
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d
tem
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atu
r
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tain
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to
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m
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d
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T
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d
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tr
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itted
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m
o
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s
y
s
tem
,
f
ac
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GPS
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b
ased
tr
ac
k
i
n
g
o
f
th
e
d
r
iv
er
'
s
lo
ca
tio
n
.
I
n
t
h
e
ev
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n
t
o
f
a
n
e
m
er
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en
c
y
,
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th
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d
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'
s
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d
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to
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r
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s
o
r
r
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v
es th
r
o
u
g
h
an
SMS n
o
tific
atio
n
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
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I
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&
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,
Vo
l.
15
,
No
.
3
,
J
u
n
e
20
25
:
3
4
7
7
-
3
4
9
3
3482
Sh
o
b
h
a
et
a
l.
[
3
5
]
in
tr
o
d
u
ce
d
a
s
y
s
tem
em
p
lo
y
in
g
an
Ar
d
u
i
n
o
c
h
ip
as
th
e
p
r
im
ar
y
co
n
tr
o
ller
,
alo
n
g
with
an
MQ
-
3
alco
h
o
l
s
en
s
o
r
f
o
r
g
ath
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g
air
alco
h
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atio
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ata
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m
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o
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g
o
in
g
s
u
r
v
eillan
ce
o
f
th
e
d
r
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'
s
ey
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Up
o
n
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d
r
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ass
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m
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d
r
iv
in
g
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o
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,
th
e
s
y
s
tem
au
to
n
o
m
o
u
s
ly
en
g
ag
es
in
alco
h
o
l
d
etec
tio
n
.
T
o
id
en
tify
i
n
s
tan
ce
s
o
f
d
r
o
wsi
n
ess
,
th
e
s
y
s
tem
m
ain
tain
s
c
o
n
tin
u
o
u
s
v
ig
ilan
ce
o
v
er
th
e
d
r
iv
er
'
s
ey
es,
an
d
if
t
h
e
d
r
iv
er
clo
s
es th
eir
ey
es f
o
r
a
s
p
ec
if
ic
d
u
r
atio
n
,
th
e
v
e
h
icle'
s
b
r
ak
in
g
s
y
s
tem
is
ac
tiv
ated
to
b
r
in
g
th
e
v
eh
icle
t
o
a
s
to
p
.
T
ejash
win
i
et
a
l.
[
3
6
]
d
ev
is
ed
a
s
y
s
tem
aim
ed
at
r
ec
o
g
n
izin
g
s
ig
n
s
o
f
d
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d
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ess
an
d
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o
tify
in
g
th
e
v
e
h
icle
o
wn
er
th
r
o
u
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h
v
ar
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u
s
aler
ts
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u
ch
as a
n
alar
m
,
wate
r
s
p
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k
ler
,
an
d
n
o
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s
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ei
r
An
d
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id
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ev
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T
h
e
m
ec
h
a
n
i
s
m
o
f
th
is
s
y
s
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n
ter
s
ar
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u
n
d
e
v
alu
atin
g
th
e
ey
e
asp
ec
t
r
atio
(
E
AR
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o
f
t
h
e
d
r
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'
s
ey
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a
p
ar
am
eter
th
at
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im
in
is
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d
u
r
in
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p
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d
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Pra
ctica
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y
s
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co
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tin
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u
s
ly
s
ca
n
s
th
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d
r
iv
er
'
s
f
ac
e
u
s
in
g
t
h
e
Pi
C
am
er
a
m
o
d
u
le,
em
p
lo
y
in
g
th
e
Haa
r
C
ascad
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class
if
i
er
to
p
in
p
o
in
t
f
ac
ial
lan
d
m
ar
k
s
.
T
h
e
c
o
m
p
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tatio
n
o
f
E
AR
,
d
er
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ed
f
r
o
m
th
es
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lan
d
m
ar
k
s
,
in
v
o
lv
es
a
p
r
ed
ef
in
ed
th
r
esh
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ld
t
o
s
ig
n
if
y
th
e
o
n
s
et
o
f
d
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wsi
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e
s
s
.
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m
p
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tan
tly
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th
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y
s
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is
en
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in
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r
ed
to
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u
n
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p
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ly
u
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w
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co
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s
,
lev
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Pi
C
am
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a
m
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to
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p
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ataset
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at
aid
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in
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ain
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.
A
ca
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ca
d
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ier
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p
lo
y
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f
ilter
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t
ir
r
elev
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t
b
ac
k
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n
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,
en
s
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r
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ce
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d
etec
tio
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p
r
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s
s
.
Swath
i
et
a
l.
[
3
7
]
e
n
g
in
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r
e
d
a
c
o
m
p
r
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h
en
s
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s
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f
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R
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Pi
in
ter
f
ac
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with
a
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ar
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war
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co
m
p
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ts
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in
clu
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alco
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s
o
r
,
GSM
m
o
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u
le,
b
u
zz
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,
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to
r
,
GPS m
o
d
u
le,
an
d
a
ca
m
er
a.
T
h
e
ca
m
er
a
tak
es
o
n
th
e
r
o
le
o
f
liv
e
-
s
tr
ea
m
in
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th
e
d
r
iv
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'
s
ey
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f
ac
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atin
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th
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d
etec
tio
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o
f
d
r
o
wsi
n
ess
,
wh
ile
th
e
alco
h
o
l
s
en
s
o
r
is
d
esig
n
ed
to
i
d
en
tif
y
alco
h
o
l
i
n
th
e
b
r
ea
th
.
T
h
e
d
eter
m
in
atio
n
o
f
th
e
d
r
iv
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'
s
d
r
o
wsi
n
ess
lev
el
is
a
ch
iev
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th
r
o
u
g
h
th
e
ca
lcu
lati
o
n
o
f
th
e
E
AR
.
Up
o
n
s
u
r
p
a
s
s
in
g
a
p
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ed
ef
in
e
d
th
r
esh
o
ld
,
th
e
s
y
s
tem
tr
ig
g
er
s
an
aler
t
with
th
e
ac
tiv
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n
o
f
a
b
u
zz
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,
c
o
n
cu
r
r
en
tly
im
m
o
b
ilizin
g
th
e
v
eh
icle'
s
en
g
in
e.
Dete
ctio
n
o
f
alc
o
h
o
l
also
p
r
o
m
p
ts
en
g
in
e
im
m
o
b
ili
za
tio
n
,
co
u
p
led
with
t
h
e
tr
an
s
m
is
s
io
n
o
f
lo
ca
tio
n
in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
to
a
u
th
o
r
ized
p
er
s
o
n
n
el.
T
h
e
s
y
s
tem
em
p
lo
y
s
Op
en
C
V
an
d
d
lib
lib
r
ar
ies
f
o
r
im
ag
e
p
r
o
ce
s
s
in
g
an
d
f
ac
ial
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d
m
ar
k
d
etec
tio
n
,
u
n
d
er
lin
in
g
th
e
in
teg
r
atio
n
o
f
ad
v
an
ce
d
ar
tific
ial
in
tellig
en
ce
(
AI
)
tech
n
o
lo
g
ies in
its
o
p
e
r
atio
n
al
f
r
am
ewo
r
k
.
R
o
y
et
a
l.
[
3
8
]
h
av
e
in
tr
o
d
u
ce
d
an
ad
v
a
n
ce
d
s
y
s
tem
d
esig
n
e
d
to
au
to
n
o
m
o
u
s
ly
en
h
a
n
ce
a
u
to
m
o
b
ile
s
af
ety
th
r
o
u
g
h
a
r
eg
io
n
-
b
ase
d
au
to
m
atic
ca
r
s
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tem
.
E
m
p
lo
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in
g
m
ac
h
in
e
lear
n
in
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tec
h
n
iq
u
es,
th
e
s
y
s
tem
f
o
cu
s
es
o
n
ey
e
d
etec
tio
n
to
i
d
en
tify
s
ig
n
s
o
f
d
r
iv
er
d
r
o
wsi
n
ess
.
B
ey
o
n
d
ad
d
r
ess
in
g
d
r
iv
er
f
atig
u
e,
th
e
s
y
s
tem
b
r
o
ad
e
n
s
its
s
co
p
e
to
d
etec
t
ex
ter
n
al
tr
af
f
ic
an
d
p
o
ten
tial
in
tr
u
s
io
n
s
,
th
er
eb
y
p
r
o
ac
tiv
ely
p
r
ev
en
tin
g
ac
cid
e
n
ts
.
T
h
e
p
r
ev
e
n
tiv
e
m
ea
s
u
r
es e
n
co
m
p
ass
m
o
n
ito
r
in
g
n
o
t o
n
ly
d
r
i
v
er
d
r
o
wsi
n
ess
b
u
t a
ls
o
alco
h
o
l c
o
n
s
u
m
p
tio
n
an
d
s
ea
t
b
elt
en
g
ag
em
en
t.
B
y
in
te
g
r
atin
g
th
e
in
ter
n
et
o
f
th
in
g
s
(
I
o
T
)
an
d
m
ac
h
in
e
lear
n
in
g
(
ML
)
,
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
s
y
s
tem
asp
ir
es
to
estab
li
s
h
an
au
to
m
atic
s
af
ety
f
r
am
ewo
r
k
c
ater
in
g
to
b
o
t
h
v
eh
icle
o
cc
u
p
a
n
ts
an
d
th
o
s
e
in
th
e
s
u
r
r
o
u
n
d
in
g
en
v
ir
o
n
m
en
t
.
Sen
s
o
r
-
g
en
er
ate
d
d
ata
is
s
y
s
tem
atica
lly
co
llected
an
d
s
to
r
ed
i
n
a
My
SQL
d
atab
ase,
f
ac
ilit
atin
g
ad
m
in
is
tr
ativ
e
m
o
n
ito
r
in
g
a
n
d
in
ter
v
en
tio
n
in
t
h
e
clo
u
d
w
h
en
n
ec
ess
ar
y
.
T
h
i
s
in
n
o
v
ativ
e
s
y
s
tem
u
n
d
er
s
co
r
es th
e
i
n
f
u
s
io
n
o
f
ar
t
if
icial
in
tellig
en
ce
in
to
au
to
m
o
tiv
e
s
af
ety
m
ea
s
u
r
es.
Hy
d
er
et
a
l.
[
3
9
]
p
r
esen
ted
a
s
y
s
tem
with
f
o
u
r
k
ey
f
ea
t
u
r
es
lik
e
r
ea
l
-
tim
e
d
r
o
wsi
n
ess
d
etec
tio
n
u
s
in
g
co
m
p
u
ter
v
is
io
n
,
alco
h
o
l
co
n
s
u
m
p
tio
n
d
etec
tio
n
,
m
o
n
ito
r
in
g
o
f
d
r
iv
e
r
h
ea
lth
p
ar
am
et
er
s
,
an
d
au
to
m
atic
tr
an
s
itio
n
to
a
u
to
-
d
r
iv
in
g
m
o
d
e
if
th
e
d
r
i
v
er
is
u
n
f
it.
T
h
e
s
y
s
tem
em
p
lo
y
s
Haa
r
f
ea
tu
r
es
an
d
p
r
e
-
tr
ain
ed
f
ac
ial
lan
d
m
ar
k
d
etec
to
r
s
to
an
aly
ze
v
id
eo
s
tr
ea
m
s
,
ca
lc
u
late
th
e
E
AR
,
an
d
t
r
ig
g
er
aler
ts
,
s
u
c
h
as
alar
m
s
an
d
v
is
u
al
war
n
in
g
s
o
n
a
n
L
C
D
s
cr
ee
n
,
i
n
ca
s
e
o
f
d
etec
ted
d
r
o
wsi
n
ess
.
T
h
is
co
m
p
r
e
h
en
s
iv
e
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
in
teg
r
ates
v
ar
io
u
s
s
af
ety
m
ea
s
u
r
es to
ad
d
r
ess
d
if
f
er
en
t a
s
p
ec
ts
o
f
d
r
iv
er
well
-
b
ein
g
.
Ma
n
s
u
r
an
d
Sh
am
b
av
i
[
4
0
]
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
a
s
y
s
tem
th
at
is
b
ased
o
n
co
m
p
u
ter
v
is
io
n
alg
o
r
ith
m
s
an
d
d
ee
p
lear
n
in
g
,
u
s
in
g
a
co
n
v
o
lu
tio
n
al
n
eu
r
al
n
etwo
r
k
(
C
NN)
.
T
h
e
C
NN
ar
ch
itectu
r
e
h
as
an
in
p
u
t
lay
e
r
,
o
u
tp
u
t
lay
er
,
an
d
h
i
d
d
en
lay
e
r
s
,
wh
ich
in
clu
d
e
co
n
v
o
lu
tio
n
lay
er
s
with
3
2
an
d
6
4
n
o
d
es,
an
d
a
f
u
lly
co
n
n
ec
te
d
lay
er
with
1
2
8
n
o
d
es.
R
ec
tifie
d
lin
ea
r
u
n
it
(
R
eL
U)
is
u
s
ed
as
th
e
ac
tiv
atio
n
f
u
n
ctio
n
.
T
h
e
s
y
s
tem
is
tr
ain
ed
o
n
a
lar
g
e
d
ataset
o
f
v
is
u
al
im
ag
e
s
,
wh
er
e
th
e
p
atter
n
s
ar
e
ex
tr
ac
ted
u
s
in
g
a
n
eu
r
al
n
etwo
r
k
.
T
h
e
C
NN
u
s
es
co
n
v
o
l
u
tio
n
a
n
d
p
o
o
lin
g
o
p
er
atio
n
s
to
r
ed
u
ce
th
e
im
ag
e
to
i
ts
b
asic
attr
ib
u
tes
an
d
u
n
d
e
r
s
tan
d
an
d
class
if
y
th
e
im
ag
e.
T
h
e
d
ataset
u
s
ed
in
th
e
p
r
esen
t
wo
r
k
co
n
s
is
ts
o
f
ar
o
u
n
d
7
,
0
0
0
im
a
g
es
f
r
o
m
v
ar
i
o
u
s
o
p
en
-
s
o
u
r
ce
e
y
e
im
ag
e
d
atasets
,
in
clu
d
in
g
d
r
o
wsi
n
ess
d
etec
t
io
n
an
d
ey
e
s
tate
d
etec
tio
n
d
atasets
.
T
h
e
s
y
s
t
em
ca
n
id
en
tify
th
e
r
eg
io
n
o
f
i
n
ter
est
f
r
o
m
th
e
i
n
p
u
t
im
a
g
e,
wh
ich
m
ain
ly
c
o
m
p
r
is
es
th
e
co
n
ten
t
o
f
ey
es
ca
p
tu
r
ed
f
r
o
m
th
e
ca
m
er
a
an
d
class
if
ied
in
to
i
n
d
i
v
id
u
al
lab
els o
p
e
n
o
r
clo
s
ed
.
Sh
am
in
i
et
a
l.
[
4
1
]
d
ev
elo
p
e
d
a
s
y
s
tem
th
at
im
p
lem
en
ted
th
e
co
n
tin
u
o
u
s
m
o
n
it
o
r
in
g
o
f
a
d
r
iv
er
'
s
ey
es
an
d
f
ac
ial
ex
p
r
ess
io
n
s
to
d
etec
t
s
ig
n
s
o
f
d
r
o
wsi
n
ess
.
W
ith
th
e
h
elp
o
f
we
b
ca
m
w
h
ich
is
in
s
talled
in
d
ash
b
o
ar
d
an
d
im
ag
e
-
b
ased
p
r
o
ce
s
s
in
g
,
th
e
s
y
s
tem
u
tili
ze
s
th
e
E
AR
m
eth
o
d
to
d
eter
m
i
n
e
th
e
s
tatu
s
o
f
th
e
d
r
iv
er
'
s
ey
es
wh
eth
er
it
is
o
p
en
o
r
clo
s
ed
.
O
n
ce
th
e
s
y
s
tem
h
as
b
ee
n
d
etec
tin
g
d
r
o
wsi
n
ess
,
th
e
s
y
s
tem
ac
tiv
ates
an
aler
t
u
s
in
g
a
n
alar
m
o
r
b
u
zz
er
.
T
h
e
n
it
wi
ll
ef
f
ec
tiv
ely
b
e
n
o
tif
y
in
g
b
o
th
th
e
d
r
iv
er
an
d
p
ass
en
g
er
s
.
T
h
e
im
p
o
r
tan
t m
a
tter
is
th
e
s
y
s
tem
i
s
ad
ep
t a
t f
u
n
ctio
n
in
g
u
n
d
er
d
iv
e
r
s
e
lig
h
tin
g
co
n
d
itio
n
s
an
d
it
is
also
d
esig
n
ed
to
ac
co
m
m
o
d
ate
d
r
iv
er
s
wea
r
in
g
s
p
ec
tacle
s
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
t J E
lec
&
C
o
m
p
E
n
g
I
SS
N:
2088
-
8
7
0
8
A
d
va
n
ce
men
t i
n
d
r
iver d
r
o
w
s
in
ess
a
n
d
a
lco
h
o
l d
etec
tio
n
s
ystem
u
s
in
g
…
(
A
ve
n
a
is
h
S
iva
p
r
a
ka
s
a
m
)
3483
Siwach
et
a
l.
[
4
2
]
d
ev
el
o
p
ed
a
s
y
s
tem
u
s
in
g
a
ca
m
er
a
to
c
ap
tu
r
e
v
id
e
o
f
r
a
m
es,
p
r
o
ce
s
s
ed
th
r
o
u
g
h
f
ac
ial
d
etec
tio
n
a
n
d
la
n
d
m
ar
k
alg
o
r
ith
m
s
to
p
r
ed
ict
d
r
iv
er
d
r
o
wsi
n
ess
.
Facial
d
etec
tio
n
em
p
lo
y
s
Haar
ca
s
ca
d
e
f
r
o
n
tal
f
ac
e
d
etec
tio
n
,
wh
ile
lan
d
m
ar
k
d
etec
tio
n
u
s
es
r
eg
r
es
s
io
n
tr
ee
s
.
T
h
e
ey
e
asp
ec
t
r
atio
is
ass
e
s
s
ed
,
an
d
if
co
n
s
is
ten
tly
lo
w
f
o
r
s
ev
en
f
r
a
m
es,
an
alar
m
ale
r
ts
th
e
d
r
iv
e
r
.
T
h
e
e
n
co
d
e
d
v
id
e
o
is
s
en
t
to
a
s
er
v
er
,
d
ec
o
d
e
d
,
an
d
an
aly
ze
d
with
m
ac
h
in
e
lear
n
in
g
f
o
r
d
r
o
wsi
n
ess
p
r
ed
ictio
n
.
I
n
teg
r
ati
n
g
liv
e
s
tr
ea
m
in
g
an
d
v
id
e
o
en
co
d
in
g
,
th
e
s
y
s
tem
ef
f
icien
tly
tr
an
s
m
its
d
ata
o
v
er
th
e
in
ter
n
et,
o
f
f
er
i
n
g
a
r
o
b
u
s
t
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
to
d
r
o
wsi
n
ess
d
etec
tio
n
in
d
r
iv
er
s
.
Sin
g
h
et
a
l.
[
4
3
]
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
a
s
y
s
tem
u
s
in
g
f
ac
ial
f
ea
tu
r
e
d
etec
tio
n
an
d
E
AR
an
aly
s
is
to
d
et
er
m
in
e
th
e
d
r
iv
er
d
r
o
wsi
n
ess
.
B
y
u
s
in
g
a
p
r
e
-
tr
ain
ed
d
ataset
o
f
3
m
illi
o
n
f
ac
ial
im
ag
es
an
d
r
ea
l
-
tim
e
d
ata
f
r
o
m
a
ca
m
er
a
r
ec
o
r
d
in
g
at
3
0
f
r
am
es
p
e
r
s
ec
o
n
d
,
th
e
s
y
s
tem
u
n
d
e
r
g
o
es
a
s
tep
-
by
-
s
tep
p
r
o
ce
s
s
.
First,
th
e
s
y
s
tem
in
itiate
s
with
im
ag
e
p
r
e
-
p
r
o
ce
s
s
in
g
an
d
th
en
p
r
o
ce
ed
s
to
i
d
en
tify
f
ac
ial
f
ea
tu
r
es,
p
ar
ticu
lar
ly
f
o
cu
s
in
g
o
n
th
e
e
y
es,
an
d
ca
lcu
lates
th
e
E
AR
.
I
f
th
e
E
A
R
v
alu
e
is
b
elo
w
th
e
p
r
ed
eter
m
in
ed
th
r
esh
o
ld
o
f
0
.
2
5
,
th
e
a
lg
o
r
ith
m
tr
ig
g
er
s
an
alar
m
,
s
er
v
in
g
as a
n
im
m
ed
iat
e
aler
t to
th
e
d
r
iv
er
.
Sam
ad
d
er
et
a
l
.
[
4
4
]
in
t
r
o
d
u
c
ed
a
s
y
s
tem
le
v
er
ag
in
g
m
ac
h
i
n
e
lear
n
in
g
a
n
d
d
ee
p
lear
n
in
g
tech
n
iq
u
es
to
id
en
tif
y
s
ig
n
s
o
f
d
r
iv
er
d
r
o
wsi
n
ess
an
d
is
s
u
e
aler
ts
to
p
r
ev
en
t
p
o
te
n
tial
ac
cid
en
ts
.
T
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
s
y
s
tem
in
co
r
p
o
r
ates
f
u
n
d
a
m
en
tal
lib
r
ar
ies
s
u
ch
as
Op
en
C
V,
I
m
u
tils
,
Dlib
,
an
d
My
SQL
C
o
n
n
ec
to
r
with
in
its
p
r
o
g
r
a
m
m
in
g
f
r
a
m
ewo
r
k
.
Utilizin
g
a
n
ig
h
t
v
is
io
n
ca
m
e
r
a,
t
h
e
s
y
s
tem
ca
p
tu
r
es
h
ig
h
-
d
ef
in
itio
n
v
id
e
o
f
o
o
tag
e
o
f
th
e
d
r
iv
er
'
s
f
ac
e.
Su
b
s
eq
u
en
t a
n
aly
s
is
f
o
cu
s
es o
n
d
etec
tin
g
ey
e
b
lin
k
s
an
d
ev
alu
atin
g
th
e
d
r
iv
er
'
s
v
is
u
al
an
d
co
g
n
itiv
e
s
tates.
T
h
e
d
eter
m
i
n
atio
n
o
f
d
r
o
wsi
n
ess
r
elies
o
n
th
e
E
AR
th
r
esh
o
ld
v
alu
e.
W
h
en
th
e
E
AR
f
alls
b
elo
w
a
s
p
ec
if
ied
r
a
n
g
e,
i
n
d
ic
atin
g
clo
s
ed
ey
es,
an
aler
t
is
tr
ig
g
er
ed
th
r
o
u
g
h
a
b
u
zz
er
,
an
d
th
e
r
elev
an
t d
ata
is
tr
an
s
m
itted
to
a
d
atab
ase.
R
ed
d
y
et
a
l.
[
4
5
]
p
r
esen
ted
a
s
y
s
tem
wh
ich
u
s
es
a
ca
m
er
a
p
lace
d
in
a
R
asp
b
er
r
y
Pi
to
ca
p
tu
r
e
th
e
d
r
iv
er
'
s
s
leep
m
o
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e
with
t
h
e
h
elp
o
f
im
ag
e
p
r
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s
in
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tech
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o
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g
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d
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en
s
o
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a
r
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f
o
r
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o
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ito
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g
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av
o
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d
r
u
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k
d
r
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in
g
.
T
h
e
s
y
s
tem
also
h
as
a
g
as
s
en
s
o
r
to
d
etec
t
alco
h
o
l
in
th
e
d
r
iv
er
'
s
b
r
ea
th
.
I
f
th
e
s
y
s
tem
d
etec
ts
th
at
th
e
d
r
iv
er
is
in
a
s
leep
in
g
co
n
d
itio
n
b
ased
o
n
ey
e
clo
s
u
r
e,
it
ca
p
tu
r
es
th
e
d
r
iv
er
'
s
im
ag
e
an
d
lo
ca
tio
n
an
d
s
en
d
s
it
to
a
s
er
v
er
u
s
in
g
an
I
o
T
m
o
d
u
le.
I
f
th
e
d
r
iv
er
is
f
o
u
n
d
to
b
e
d
r
u
n
k
o
r
d
r
o
wsy
,
th
e
m
o
to
r
co
n
tin
u
o
u
s
ly
r
o
tates,
b
u
t
if
th
e
s
y
s
tem
d
etec
ts
th
e
d
r
i
v
er
'
s
s
leep
in
g
co
n
d
itio
n
o
r
d
r
u
n
k
d
r
iv
in
g
,
it
s
en
d
s
an
aler
t
to
th
e
s
er
v
er
an
d
cu
ts
o
f
f
th
e
m
o
to
r
.
T
ab
le
3
(
s
ee
i
n
ap
p
en
d
ix
)
p
r
esen
ts
a
s
u
m
m
ar
y
o
f
d
r
iv
e
r
d
r
o
wsi
n
ess
m
o
n
ito
r
in
g
tech
n
iq
u
es
th
at
em
p
lo
y
v
is
u
al
an
aly
s
is
o
f
ey
e
s
tate,
d
etailin
g
m
eth
o
d
s
f
o
r
ass
es
s
in
g
f
atig
u
e
th
r
o
u
g
h
ey
e
m
o
v
em
e
n
ts
,
b
lin
k
in
g
p
atter
n
s
,
a
n
d
ey
elid
b
eh
a
v
io
r
.
2
.
4
.
E
x
is
t
ing
wo
r
k
o
n driv
er
dro
wsi
nes
s
m
o
nito
ring
us
in
g
v
is
ua
l a
na
ly
s
is
o
f
ey
e
a
nd
m
o
uth
s
t
a
t
e
An
ex
ten
s
iv
e
co
r
p
u
s
o
f
p
r
ev
i
o
u
s
r
esear
ch
h
as
co
n
ce
n
tr
ated
o
n
u
s
in
g
v
is
u
al
an
aly
s
is
o
f
m
o
u
th
an
d
ey
e
s
tate
to
id
en
tify
in
d
icato
r
s
o
f
d
r
iv
er
d
r
o
wsi
n
ess
.
T
h
ese
s
y
s
tem
s
ac
cu
r
ately
id
en
tify
an
d
tr
ac
k
p
ar
ticu
lar
f
ac
ial
cu
es
co
n
n
ec
ted
to
f
atig
u
e,
lik
e
ey
elid
clo
s
in
g
an
d
m
o
u
th
y
aw
n
in
g
,
u
s
in
g
h
i
g
h
ly
d
ev
elo
p
ed
m
ac
h
in
e
lear
n
in
g
a
n
d
d
ee
p
lear
n
in
g
alg
o
r
ith
m
s
.
T
h
ese
alg
o
r
ith
m
s
ca
n
c
o
n
tin
u
ally
m
o
n
ito
r
d
r
i
v
er
b
e
h
av
io
u
r
a
n
d
d
eliv
er
p
r
o
m
p
t
alar
m
s
o
r
ac
ti
o
n
s
wh
en
i
n
d
icato
r
s
o
f
f
atig
u
e
ar
e
f
o
u
n
d
b
y
ex
a
m
in
in
g
r
ea
l
-
tim
e
v
id
eo
f
ee
d
s
o
b
tain
ed
f
r
o
m
in
-
v
e
h
icle
ca
m
er
as.
R
esear
ch
er
s
h
av
e
co
m
p
iled
an
d
u
tili
ze
d
lar
g
e
-
s
ca
le
d
atasets
th
at
icn
lu
d
e
d
iv
er
s
e
ex
am
p
les
o
f
d
r
iv
e
r
f
a
cial
ex
p
r
ess
io
n
s
alo
n
g
with
co
r
r
esp
o
n
d
i
n
g
d
r
o
wsi
n
ess
lab
els
to
tr
ain
an
d
ass
ess
th
ese
alg
o
r
ith
m
s
.
T
h
e
in
teg
r
atio
n
o
f
m
ac
h
in
e
lear
n
in
g
an
d
d
ee
p
lear
n
in
g
tech
n
iq
u
es
with
v
is
u
al
an
aly
s
is
o
f
ey
e
an
d
m
o
u
th
s
tates
h
o
ld
s
s
ig
n
if
ican
t
p
r
o
m
is
e
f
o
r
d
ev
elo
p
in
g
ef
f
ec
tiv
e
d
r
iv
e
r
d
r
o
wsi
n
ess
m
o
n
ito
r
in
g
s
y
s
tem
s
.
Patel
et
a
l.
[
4
6
]
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
a
s
y
s
tem
u
tili
ze
s
a
d
ee
p
lear
n
in
g
a
p
p
r
o
ac
h
f
o
r
m
o
n
ito
r
in
g
d
r
iv
e
r
d
r
o
wsi
n
ess
th
r
o
u
g
h
co
m
p
u
ter
v
is
io
n
.
T
h
e
s
y
s
tem
em
p
lo
y
s
a
ca
m
er
a
to
ca
p
t
u
r
e
th
e
d
r
iv
er
'
s
f
ac
ial
ex
p
r
ess
io
n
s
,
class
if
y
in
g
d
r
o
wsi
n
ess
in
to
th
r
ee
ca
teg
o
r
ies:
n
o
r
m
al,
y
awn
,
an
d
d
r
o
wsy
.
Desig
n
ed
to
b
e
c
o
m
p
ac
t,
th
e
s
y
s
tem
ca
n
b
e
im
p
lem
e
n
ted
o
n
a
h
a
n
d
h
eld
m
icr
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co
n
tr
o
ller
with
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d
ed
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m
er
a
wh
ile
m
ai
n
tain
in
g
ac
ce
p
tab
le
ac
cu
r
ac
y
.
I
t
u
s
es
th
e
Haa
r
ca
s
ca
d
e
alg
o
r
ith
m
f
o
r
f
ac
e
d
etec
tio
n
,
b
ased
o
n
th
e
Vio
la
-
J
o
n
es
m
eth
o
d
,
al
o
n
g
with
th
e
Dlib
lib
r
ar
y
,
wh
ich
lev
er
ag
es
C
NN
f
o
r
im
ag
e
p
r
o
ce
s
s
in
g
.
I
f
d
r
o
wsi
n
ess
is
d
etec
ted
b
ased
o
n
a
s
et
th
r
esh
o
ld
,
a
n
em
ail
aler
t is sen
t to
th
e
r
elev
an
t
p
er
s
o
n
o
r
o
r
g
a
n
izatio
n
ass
o
ciate
d
with
th
e
d
r
iv
er
.
Var
g
h
ese
et
a
l
.
[
4
7
]
d
e
v
elo
p
e
d
a
s
y
s
tem
th
at
u
tili
ze
s
v
is
u
al
f
ea
tu
r
es
o
f
th
e
d
r
iv
e
r
,
s
u
ch
a
s
ey
e
an
d
m
o
u
th
p
o
s
itio
n
s
,
ca
p
tu
r
ed
b
y
an
in
f
r
ar
e
d
n
ig
h
t
v
is
io
n
ca
m
e
r
a
m
o
u
n
te
d
o
n
th
e
d
ash
b
o
ar
d
o
f
th
e
v
eh
icle.
T
h
e
s
y
s
tem
is
d
iv
id
ed
in
to
s
ev
e
r
al
m
o
d
u
les,
i
n
clu
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in
g
d
ata
ac
q
u
is
itio
n
,
p
r
e
-
p
r
o
ce
s
s
in
g
,
f
ac
e
d
etec
tio
n
,
an
d
f
ac
ial
lan
d
m
ar
k
m
a
r
k
in
g
.
T
h
e
k
ey
f
e
atu
r
es f
o
r
d
etec
tin
g
d
r
o
wsi
n
ess
ar
e
th
e
E
AR
,
m
o
u
th
asp
ec
t r
atio
(
MA
R
)
,
m
o
u
th
asp
ec
t
r
atio
o
v
er
ey
e
asp
ec
t
r
atio
(
MO
E
)
,
a
n
d
p
u
p
il
ci
r
cu
l
ar
ity
(
PUC
)
,
wh
ich
a
r
e
ca
lcu
l
ated
f
r
o
m
th
e
2
-
D
im
ag
es
ex
tr
ac
ted
f
r
o
m
th
e
v
id
eo
.
A
s
u
p
p
o
r
t
v
ec
to
r
m
ac
h
in
e
(
SVM)
class
if
ier
is
u
s
ed
to
c
lass
if
y
th
e
d
r
iv
e
r
’
s
s
tate
in
to
d
r
o
wsy
o
r
ale
r
t,
ac
h
i
ev
in
g
an
im
p
r
ess
iv
e
F1
-
s
co
r
e
o
f
0
.
9
8
.
C
h
ar
n
iy
a
an
d
Nair
[
4
8
]
p
r
ese
n
ted
a
s
y
s
tem
in
teg
r
ates
v
is
u
al
f
ea
tu
r
es
s
u
ch
as
e
y
e
an
d
f
ac
e
d
etec
tio
n
,
alo
n
g
with
y
awn
d
etec
tio
n
u
s
in
g
Op
en
C
V
a
n
d
E
m
g
u
with
Vis
u
al
Stu
d
io
2
0
1
3
.
T
h
e
alg
o
r
ith
m
f
o
r
e
y
e
s
tate
d
etec
tio
n
tr
ac
k
s
th
e
ey
e
s
tate,
h
ea
d
p
o
s
itio
n
,
an
d
y
awn
in
g
,
an
d
th
en
u
s
es
a
SVM
class
if
i
er
to
ca
teg
o
r
ize
t
h
e
d
r
iv
er
as
aler
t
o
r
n
o
n
-
aler
t.
T
h
e
h
ea
d
p
o
s
itio
n
is
tr
ac
k
ed
u
s
in
g
th
e
Kalm
an
-
b
ased
t
r
ac
k
in
g
m
et
h
o
d
,
wh
ile
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
0
8
8
-
8
7
0
8
I
n
t J E
lec
&
C
o
m
p
E
n
g
,
Vo
l.
15
,
No
.
3
,
J
u
n
e
20
25
:
3
4
7
7
-
3
4
9
3
3484
y
awn
d
etec
tio
n
is
p
er
f
o
r
m
ed
u
s
in
g
a
b
ac
k
-
p
r
o
jectio
n
th
e
o
r
y
.
Fo
r
alco
h
o
l
d
etec
tio
n
,
t
h
e
s
y
s
tem
u
s
es
an
alco
h
o
l
s
en
s
o
r
to
d
etec
t
wh
et
h
er
th
e
d
r
iv
e
r
is
in
to
x
icate
d
.
I
f
th
e
d
r
iv
e
r
is
f
o
u
n
d
to
b
e
d
r
u
n
k
o
r
d
r
o
wsy
,
th
e
s
y
s
tem
tr
ig
g
er
s
an
alar
m
u
s
in
g
a
b
u
zz
er
a
n
d
v
ib
r
ato
r
to
ale
r
t
th
e
d
r
i
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I
f
th
e
aler
t
o
cc
u
r
s
m
o
r
e
th
a
n
th
r
ee
tim
es
with
in
a
s
p
ec
if
ied
p
e
r
io
d
,
th
e
n
th
e
en
g
in
e
is
tu
r
n
e
d
o
f
f
with
L
E
D
tu
r
n
in
g
‘
ON’
as
an
em
er
g
en
cy
in
d
icato
r
.
Yu
et
a
l.
[
4
9
]
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
a
co
n
d
itio
n
-
ad
ap
tiv
e
r
ep
r
esen
tatio
n
lear
n
in
g
f
r
a
m
ewo
r
k
f
o
r
d
r
i
v
er
d
r
o
wsi
n
ess
d
etec
tio
n
,
wh
ich
co
n
s
is
ts
o
f
f
o
u
r
m
o
d
els
d
esig
n
ed
to
ex
t
r
ac
t
s
ce
n
e
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s
p
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if
ic
ch
ar
ac
ter
is
tics
.
B
y
f
o
cu
s
in
g
o
n
t
h
ese
s
p
ec
if
ic
f
ea
tu
r
es,
th
e
f
r
am
ewo
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k
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er
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o
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m
s
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etter
t
h
an
e
x
is
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g
d
r
o
wsi
n
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d
etec
tio
n
m
eth
o
d
s
,
ac
co
r
d
i
n
g
to
tr
ial
d
ata.
Ho
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n
v
is
io
n
ass
is
tan
ce
,
th
is
r
estrictio
n
co
u
ld
af
f
ec
t
th
e
ac
cu
r
ac
y
o
f
th
e
d
r
o
wsi
n
ess
d
etec
t
io
n
s
y
s
tem
.
I
n
ad
d
itio
n
,
ce
r
tain
s
y
s
tem
s
th
at
r
ely
s
o
lely
o
n
th
e
d
r
iv
er
wea
r
in
g
an
e
y
e
b
lin
k
s
en
s
o
r
f
r
a
m
e,
as
illu
s
tr
ated
i
n
Fig
u
r
e
1
,
ex
h
i
b
it
lim
itatio
n
s
t
h
at
m
ay
im
p
ac
t
th
ei
r
ef
f
ec
tiv
en
ess
in
d
etec
tin
g
d
r
o
wsi
n
ess
.
Fig
u
r
e
1
.
E
y
e
b
lin
k
s
en
s
o
r
with
f
r
am
e
B
asically
,
th
e
s
y
s
tem
s
p
r
esu
m
e
th
at
th
e
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will
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er
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it
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g
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t
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e
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o
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r
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T
h
e
d
ev
ice
wo
u
ld
n
o
t
b
e
ab
le
to
ef
f
ec
tiv
ely
d
etec
t
th
e
d
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iv
e
r
’
s
d
r
o
wsi
n
ess
if
th
e
d
r
iv
er
f
o
r
g
ets
to
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r
th
e
s
en
s
o
r
o
r
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o
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ile
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r
iv
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g
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d
itio
n
ally
,
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o
t
all
d
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iv
er
s
m
ay
f
in
d
t
h
e
s
en
s
o
r
co
m
f
o
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ta
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le
to
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r
,
p
o
ten
tially
ca
u
s
in
g
d
is
co
m
f
o
r
t
o
r
d
is
tr
ac
tio
n
d
u
r
in
g
th
e
d
r
iv
e.
T
h
is
c
o
u
ld
lead
to
d
r
iv
er
s
ch
o
o
s
in
g
n
o
t
to
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r
th
e
s
en
s
o
r
o
r
r
em
o
v
in
g
it
d
u
r
in
g
th
e
jo
u
r
n
ey
.
I
n
th
e
co
n
tex
t
o
f
d
r
o
wsi
n
ess
d
etec
tio
n
,
p
h
y
s
io
lo
g
ically
b
ased
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
es
n
am
ely
,
E
EG
,
E
C
G,
PP
G,
GSR
,
an
d
E
MG
h
av
e
s
h
o
wn
s
ig
n
if
ican
t
p
r
o
m
is
e
in
ac
cu
r
ately
id
en
tif
y
in
g
d
r
o
wsi
n
ess
.
Ho
wev
er
,
th
ese
m
et
h
o
d
s
f
ac
e
s
ev
er
al
c
h
allen
g
es
an
d
lim
itatio
n
s
th
at
m
u
s
t
b
e
ad
d
r
ess
ed
.
On
e
p
r
im
ar
y
co
n
ce
r
n
is
th
e
u
s
er
co
m
f
o
r
t
an
d
ac
ce
p
tab
ilit
y
.
T
h
e
s
e
n
s
o
r
s
u
s
ed
in
th
ese
tech
n
iq
u
es
o
f
ten
r
e
q
u
ir
e
d
ir
e
ct
co
n
tact
with
t
h
e
s
k
in
t
o
d
etec
t
th
e
p
h
y
s
io
lo
g
ical
s
ig
n
als
ef
f
ec
tiv
ely
.
Fo
r
in
s
tan
ce
,
E
C
G
s
en
s
o
r
s
m
u
s
t
b
e
p
lace
d
n
ea
r
th
e
s
k
in
to
m
o
n
i
to
r
th
e
h
ea
r
t’
s
elec
tr
ical
ac
tiv
i
ty
,
as
s
h
o
wn
in
th
e
Fig
u
r
e
2
.
Fig
u
r
e
2
.
Ph
y
s
io
lo
g
ical
s
ig
n
al
s
s
en
s
o
r
s
f
o
r
f
atig
u
e
a
n
d
d
r
o
w
s
in
ess
d
etec
tio
n
T
h
is
ca
n
b
e
u
n
co
m
f
o
r
tab
le
f
o
r
th
e
d
r
iv
er
,
esp
ec
ially
in
h
o
t
an
d
h
u
m
i
d
en
v
ir
o
n
m
en
ts
wh
er
e
s
wea
tin
g
m
ay
af
f
ec
t
th
e
ac
cu
r
ac
y
o
f
th
e
s
en
s
o
r
s
.
Ad
d
itio
n
ally
,
elem
en
ts
lik
e
s
wea
tin
g
o
r
m
o
v
em
en
t c
o
u
ld
cr
ea
te
er
r
o
r
s
an
d
r
e
d
u
ce
th
e
p
r
ec
is
io
n
o
f
th
e
m
ea
s
u
r
em
e
n
ts
.
Fo
r
in
s
tan
ce
,
ex
ce
s
s
iv
e
s
wea
tin
g
o
r
d
r
i
v
er
m
o
v
em
en
t
ca
n
r
esu
lt
in
er
r
o
r
s
o
r
f
alse
r
ea
d
in
g
s
f
r
o
m
th
e
E
C
G
s
en
s
o
r
s
.
Similar
ly
,
E
E
G
s
en
s
o
r
s
,
wh
ic
h
r
eq
u
ir
e
elec
tr
o
d
es
t
o
b
e
p
lace
d
o
n
th
e
s
ca
lp
,
m
a
y
c
au
s
e
ir
r
itatio
n
an
d
d
is
co
m
f
o
r
t
d
u
r
in
g
p
r
o
l
o
n
g
e
d
u
s
e.
Mo
r
e
o
v
er
,
th
e
ac
cu
r
ac
y
o
f
p
h
y
s
io
lo
g
ical
s
en
s
o
r
s
ca
n
b
e
i
n
f
lu
en
ce
d
b
y
m
ed
ical
co
n
d
itio
n
s
.
Dr
iv
er
s
with
ar
r
h
y
th
m
ia
o
r
o
th
er
h
ea
r
t
-
r
elate
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is
s
u
es
m
ay
ex
h
ib
it
ab
n
o
r
m
al
elec
tr
ical
h
ea
r
t
ac
tiv
ity
,
co
m
p
licatin
g
th
e
d
etec
tio
n
o
f
d
r
o
w
s
in
ess
u
s
in
g
E
C
G
d
ata
alo
n
e.
L
ik
ewise,
n
eu
r
o
lo
g
ical
co
n
d
itio
n
s
o
r
m
e
d
icatio
n
s
ca
n
af
f
ec
t
E
E
G
s
ig
n
als,
p
o
ten
tially
lead
in
g
to
f
alse
p
o
s
itiv
es
o
r
n
eg
ativ
es
in
d
r
o
wsi
n
ess
d
etec
tio
n
.
An
o
t
h
e
r
lim
itatio
n
is
th
at
th
ese
s
y
s
tem
s
ar
e
o
f
ten
b
etter
s
u
ited
f
o
r
co
n
tr
o
lled
lab
o
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ato
r
y
en
v
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n
m
en
ts
th
an
r
ea
l
-
wo
r
l
d
d
r
iv
in
g
s
ce
n
ar
io
s
.
W
h
ile
d
r
iv
in
g
s
im
u
lato
r
s
ar
e
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
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:
2
0
8
8
-
8
7
0
8
I
n
t J E
lec
&
C
o
m
p
E
n
g
,
Vo
l.
15
,
No
.
3
,
J
u
n
e
20
25
:
3
4
7
7
-
3
4
9
3
3486
v
alu
ab
le
f
o
r
test
in
g
a
n
d
r
e
f
in
in
g
s
en
s
o
r
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
,
th
ey
m
ay
n
o
t
f
u
lly
ca
p
tu
r
e
th
e
c
o
m
p
lex
ities
o
f
r
ea
l
-
wo
r
ld
co
n
d
itio
n
s
.
Facto
r
s
s
u
c
h
as
tr
af
f
ic
p
atter
n
s
,
r
o
ad
im
p
er
f
ec
tio
n
s
,
an
d
ad
v
er
s
e
wea
th
er
ca
n
s
ig
n
i
f
ican
tly
im
p
ac
t
d
r
o
wsi
n
ess
lev
els
b
u
t
ar
e
d
if
f
ic
u
lt
to
r
ep
licate
i
n
a
lab
s
ettin
g
.
L
o
n
g
-
ter
m
m
o
n
it
o
r
in
g
in
r
ea
l
-
wo
r
ld
s
ce
n
ar
io
s
also
p
r
esen
ts
ch
allen
g
es.
Sen
s
o
r
s
lik
e
E
C
Gs
r
eq
u
ir
e
r
eg
u
lar
m
ain
ten
an
ce
a
n
d
c
alib
r
atio
n
to
en
s
u
r
e
ac
cu
r
ate
r
ea
d
in
g
s
,
wh
ich
ca
n
b
e
b
o
th
tim
e
-
co
n
s
u
m
i
n
g
an
d
i
n
co
n
v
e
n
ien
t.
Ad
d
itio
n
ally
,
th
e
n
ee
d
f
o
r
wea
r
ab
le
d
ev
ices
o
r
wir
ed
c
o
n
n
ec
tio
n
s
attac
h
ed
to
t
h
e
b
o
d
y
ca
n
b
e
u
n
co
m
f
o
r
tab
le
f
o
r
d
r
iv
er
s
a
n
d
m
ay
in
ter
f
e
r
e
with
s
en
s
o
r
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
.
T
h
ese
ch
allen
g
es
h
ig
h
lig
h
t
th
e
n
ee
d
f
o
r
co
n
tin
u
ed
r
esear
c
h
an
d
in
n
o
v
atio
n
to
im
p
r
o
v
e
th
e
p
r
ac
ticality
,
co
m
f
o
r
t,
a
n
d
r
eliab
ilit
y
o
f
p
h
y
s
io
lo
g
ical
s
en
s
o
r
s
in
d
etec
tin
g
d
r
iv
er
d
r
o
wsi
n
ess
.
W
h
en
u
s
in
g
s
en
s
o
r
s
f
o
r
alco
h
o
l
d
etec
tio
n
s
y
s
tem
s
,
it
is
cr
u
cial
to
ad
d
r
ess
th
e
lim
itatio
n
s
ass
o
ciate
d
with
th
e
MQ
-
3
s
en
s
o
r
.
A
s
ig
n
if
ican
t
d
r
aw
b
ac
k
is
th
at
m
an
y
ex
is
tin
g
s
y
s
tem
s
ev
alu
ate
th
e
s
en
s
o
r
'
s
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
u
s
in
g
s
im
u
lated
o
r
ar
tific
ially
p
r
o
d
u
ce
d
alc
o
h
o
l
co
n
ce
n
tr
atio
n
s
.
W
h
ile
co
n
v
en
ien
t,
th
is
m
eth
o
d
ca
n
y
ield
m
is
lead
in
g
r
esu
lts
as
it
d
o
es
n
o
t
ac
cu
r
ately
r
ep
r
esen
t
r
ea
l
-
wo
r
ld
co
n
d
itio
n
s
.
A
m
o
r
e
r
eliab
le
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
wo
u
ld
in
v
o
l
v
e
test
in
g
th
e
s
en
s
o
r
o
n
in
d
iv
id
u
als
wh
o
h
av
e
co
n
s
u
m
ed
alco
h
o
l
to
ass
ess
its
ef
f
ec
tiv
en
ess
in
p
r
ac
tical
s
ce
n
ar
io
s
.
Fu
r
th
er
m
o
r
e,
ass
ess
in
g
th
e
MQ
-
3
s
en
s
o
r
s
o
lely
b
ased
o
n
alco
h
o
l
o
r
eth
an
o
l
co
n
ce
n
tr
atio
n
s
o
v
er
lo
o
k
s
o
th
er
f
ac
to
r
s
th
at
ca
n
in
f
lu
en
ce
its
ac
cu
r
ac
y
.
E
n
v
ir
o
n
m
e
n
tal
co
n
d
itio
n
s
s
u
ch
as
tem
p
er
atu
r
e,
h
u
m
i
d
ity
,
an
d
air
q
u
ality
m
a
y
af
f
ec
t
th
e
s
en
s
o
r
'
s
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
.
Ne
g
lectin
g
th
ese
v
ar
ia
b
les
d
u
r
in
g
test
in
g
co
u
ld
r
esu
lt
in
in
ac
cu
r
ate
alco
h
o
l
d
etec
tio
n
.
T
o
en
h
an
ce
th
e
r
eliab
ilit
y
an
d
ac
cu
r
ac
y
o
f
MQ
-
3
s
en
s
o
r
-
b
ased
alco
h
o
l
d
etec
tio
n
s
y
s
tem
s
,
it
is
ess
en
tial
to
co
n
d
u
ct
e
x
ten
s
iv
e
test
in
g
in
v
o
lv
i
n
g
r
ea
l
-
life
s
ce
n
ar
io
s
.
T
h
is
test
in
g
s
h
o
u
ld
in
clu
d
e
tr
ials
with
ac
tu
al
in
d
iv
id
u
als
an
d
ac
co
u
n
t
f
o
r
a
wid
e
r
an
g
e
o
f
en
v
ir
o
n
m
en
tal
f
ac
to
r
s
to
en
s
u
r
e
r
o
b
u
s
t a
n
d
d
ep
en
d
a
b
le
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
.
Dr
iv
er
d
r
o
wsi
n
ess
d
etec
tio
n
p
lay
s
a
cr
itical
r
o
le
in
im
p
r
o
v
in
g
r
o
ad
s
af
ety
.
Ho
wev
e
r
,
m
a
n
y
cu
r
r
e
n
t
s
y
s
tem
s
h
av
e
a
n
o
tab
le
lim
itatio
n
:
th
ey
r
ely
s
o
lely
o
n
th
e
E
AR
,
o
f
ten
n
eg
lectin
g
o
th
e
r
im
p
o
r
tan
t
v
a
r
iab
les
s
u
ch
as
th
e
MA
R
an
d
E
u
ler
an
g
les.
T
h
is
ex
clu
s
iv
e
d
ep
en
d
en
ce
o
n
E
AR
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