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n
d
ex
co
m
b
in
e
s
m
ea
s
u
r
es
o
f
q
u
a
n
ti
t
y
an
d
i
m
p
ac
t
in
o
n
e
in
d
icato
r
[
1
]
.
T
h
e
p
r
o
b
lem
i
n
t
h
is
r
esear
ch
i
s
th
e
li
m
ited
ac
c
ess
an
d
an
al
y
s
is
o
f
d
ata
f
r
o
m
t
h
e
SIN
T
A
w
eb
s
ite,
w
h
ic
h
is
m
a
n
ag
ed
b
y
ex
ter
n
al
s
y
s
te
m
s
,
m
a
k
in
g
it
d
if
f
icu
lt
f
o
r
h
ig
h
er
ed
u
ca
tio
n
in
s
t
itu
tio
n
s
t
o
m
ee
t
th
eir
in
ter
n
al
in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
n
ee
d
s
f
o
r
ev
al
u
ati
n
g
t
h
e
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
o
f
ac
ad
e
m
ic
p
u
b
licatio
n
s
b
y
lect
u
r
er
s
.
As
a
m
ea
n
s
to
r
eso
lv
e
th
is
i
s
s
u
e,
it
is
s
u
g
g
ested
to
cr
ea
te
a
b
u
s
in
ess
i
n
tell
ig
e
n
ce
s
y
s
te
m
m
o
d
el
th
a
t
ass
es
s
es
th
e
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
o
f
lectu
r
er
s
’
s
cie
n
ti
f
ic
p
u
b
licatio
n
s
u
s
i
n
g
a
d
i
m
en
s
io
n
al
m
o
d
el
alo
n
g
w
i
th
d
ata
m
i
n
i
n
g
m
e
th
o
d
s
,
th
er
eb
y
allo
w
i
n
g
h
ig
h
er
ed
u
ca
tio
n
in
s
tit
u
tio
n
s
to
ef
f
icie
n
tl
y
ac
ce
s
s
,
an
a
l
y
ze
,
an
d
lev
er
ag
e
d
ata
to
s
atis
f
y
t
h
eir
in
ter
n
al
in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
n
ee
d
s
.
I
n
d
es
ig
n
i
n
g
th
e
b
u
s
in
e
s
s
in
te
lli
g
en
ce
a
n
d
d
ata
m
in
in
g
s
y
s
te
m
m
o
d
el
to
m
o
n
ito
r
f
ac
u
lt
y
s
cien
t
if
ic
p
u
b
licatio
n
s
,
t
h
er
e
a
r
e
ch
alle
n
g
e
s
i
n
d
eter
m
in
i
n
g
t
h
e
b
est
d
i
m
e
n
s
io
n
al
m
o
d
el
b
et
w
ee
n
s
tar
s
c
h
e
m
a
an
d
s
n
o
w
f
la
k
e
s
c
h
e
m
a,
a
s
w
el
l a
s
th
e
m
o
s
t o
p
ti
m
al
cl
u
s
ter
in
g
alg
o
r
it
h
m
b
et
w
ee
n
K
-
Me
a
n
s
an
d
X
-
m
ea
n
s
.
P
r
ev
io
u
s
s
t
u
d
ies
h
a
v
e
e
x
p
lo
r
ed
d
if
f
er
e
n
t
asp
ec
t
s
o
f
b
u
s
i
n
e
s
s
in
telli
g
e
n
ce
s
y
s
te
m
s
,
t
h
o
u
g
h
with
ce
r
tai
n
co
n
s
tr
ain
ts
.
So
m
e
f
o
cu
s
ed
o
n
th
ese
s
y
s
te
m
s
w
it
h
o
u
t
co
m
p
ar
i
n
g
d
i
m
e
n
s
io
n
a
l
m
o
d
els
an
d
d
ata
m
in
i
n
g
alg
o
r
ith
m
s
,
w
h
ile
o
th
er
s
u
til
i
ze
d
a
s
in
g
le
d
ata
m
i
n
i
n
g
alg
o
r
ith
m
w
it
h
o
u
t
e
x
a
m
in
i
n
g
d
i
m
en
s
io
n
al
m
o
d
el
alter
n
ati
v
es.
T
h
er
e
h
av
e
a
ls
o
b
ee
n
co
m
p
ar
is
o
n
s
o
f
d
i
m
e
n
s
i
o
n
al
m
o
d
els
w
it
h
o
u
t
in
v
o
l
v
in
g
d
ata
m
in
i
n
g
,
an
d
r
esear
ch
co
m
p
ar
in
g
d
ata
m
in
i
n
g
al
g
o
r
it
h
m
s
w
it
h
o
u
t
in
co
r
p
o
r
atin
g
t
h
e
m
i
n
to
a
b
u
s
i
n
es
s
i
n
telli
g
e
n
ce
s
y
s
te
m
.
T
h
is
r
esear
ch
p
r
esen
t
s
a
f
r
es
h
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
b
y
m
o
r
e
co
m
p
r
eh
e
n
s
i
v
el
y
in
teg
r
at
i
n
g
b
u
s
i
n
es
s
i
n
telli
g
e
n
ce
s
y
s
te
m
s
w
it
h
d
ata
m
i
n
i
n
g
al
g
o
r
ith
m
s
.
I
t
n
o
t
o
n
l
y
ap
p
lies
d
ata
m
i
n
i
n
g
tec
h
n
iq
u
es
b
u
t
al
s
o
co
m
p
ar
es
K
-
m
ea
n
s
an
d
X
-
m
ea
n
s
to
d
eter
m
i
n
e
t
h
e
m
o
s
t
ef
f
ec
tiv
e
a
lg
o
r
it
h
m
.
A
d
d
itio
n
all
y
,
th
e
s
t
u
d
y
co
n
tr
a
s
ts
t
w
o
m
aj
o
r
d
im
e
n
s
io
n
al
m
o
d
el
s
,
s
tar
s
c
h
e
m
a
a
n
d
s
n
o
w
f
la
k
es
s
c
h
e
m
a,
to
id
en
ti
f
y
t
h
e
b
est
m
o
d
el
f
o
r
ev
al
u
ati
n
g
lectu
r
er
s
’
s
cie
n
ti
f
ic
p
u
b
licatio
n
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
.
T
h
e
s
elec
tio
n
o
f
m
e
th
o
d
s
i
n
r
esear
ch
r
ef
er
s
to
p
r
ev
io
u
s
s
tu
d
ie
s
t
h
at
ar
e
tailo
r
ed
to
th
e
n
ee
d
s
an
d
co
n
d
itio
n
s
o
f
th
e
o
r
g
an
izat
io
n
,
n
a
m
el
y
co
m
p
ar
at
iv
e
r
esear
ch
o
n
d
i
m
en
s
io
n
al
m
o
d
el
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
[
2
]
;
a
n
o
p
ti
m
ized
h
y
b
r
id
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
f
o
r
en
h
an
ci
n
g
t
h
e
e
x
tr
ac
t
-
t
r
an
s
f
o
r
m
-
lo
ad
(
E
T
L
)
p
r
o
ce
s
s
ef
f
icien
c
y
in
a
d
ata
w
ar
e
h
o
u
s
e
[
3
]
;
X
-
m
ea
n
s
clu
s
ter
in
g
r
esear
ch
u
s
in
g
Da
v
ie
s
–
B
o
u
ld
in
I
n
d
ex
(
DB
I
)
ev
alu
atio
n
[4
]
;
q
u
alit
y
m
o
n
ito
r
i
n
g
i
n
h
ig
h
er
ed
u
ca
ti
o
n
w
ith
b
u
s
i
n
es
s
in
te
lli
g
en
ce
d
ash
b
o
ar
d
s
[
5
]
;
s
tar
-
s
ch
e
m
a
r
esear
ch
m
o
d
el
f
o
r
lectu
r
er
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
in
r
e
s
ea
r
ch
ac
ti
v
itie
s
[
6
]
;
K
-
m
ea
n
s
cl
u
s
ter
in
g
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
f
o
r
an
al
y
z
in
g
cu
s
to
m
er
elec
tr
icit
y
co
n
s
u
m
p
tio
n
p
atter
n
s
[
7
]
;
a
s
tu
d
y
d
is
c
u
s
s
in
g
th
e
in
teg
r
atio
n
o
f
d
a
ta
m
i
n
i
n
g
w
it
h
i
n
b
u
s
i
n
es
s
in
telli
g
e
n
ce
to
en
h
a
n
ce
u
n
d
er
s
ta
n
d
in
g
o
f
c
u
s
t
o
m
er
n
ee
d
s
[
8
]
.
T
h
is
s
tu
d
y
f
o
c
u
s
es
o
n
d
esi
g
n
i
n
g
a
n
e
f
f
ec
t
iv
e
b
u
s
i
n
es
s
in
te
ll
ig
en
ce
a
n
d
d
ata
m
i
n
i
n
g
s
y
s
te
m
m
o
d
el
to
m
o
n
ito
r
f
ac
u
lt
y
s
cie
n
ti
f
ic
p
u
b
l
icatio
n
s
.
T
h
e
r
esear
ch
h
as
t
w
o
m
a
in
o
b
j
ec
tiv
es,
w
h
ic
h
ar
e
to
d
eter
m
i
n
e
th
e
b
est
d
i
m
en
s
io
n
al
m
o
d
el
b
et
w
ee
n
s
t
ar
s
ch
e
m
a
an
d
s
n
o
w
f
la
k
e
s
c
h
e
m
a
f
o
r
m
a
n
ag
i
n
g
p
u
b
licatio
n
d
a
ta
an
d
to
i
d
en
tify
th
e
m
o
s
t
o
p
ti
m
al
cl
u
s
ter
i
n
g
al
g
o
r
ith
m
b
et
w
ee
n
K
-
m
ea
n
s
an
d
X
-
m
ea
n
s
f
o
r
ac
cu
r
atel
y
an
d
ef
f
icien
tl
y
g
r
o
u
p
i
n
g
p
u
b
licatio
n
d
ata.
B
u
s
i
n
es
s
in
t
ellig
e
n
ce
is
es
s
e
n
tial
f
o
r
co
m
p
an
ies
o
f
all
s
ize
s
,
p
r
o
v
id
in
g
v
alu
ab
le
in
s
i
g
h
t
s
th
a
t
ar
e
k
e
y
to
m
a
k
i
n
g
ti
m
el
y
d
ec
i
s
io
n
s
[
9
]
.
T
o
r
em
ai
n
co
m
p
etit
i
v
e
an
d
ac
h
iev
e
s
u
cc
e
s
s
,
b
u
s
in
ess
es
m
u
s
t
d
ev
e
lo
p
an
al
y
tical
s
tr
ate
g
ie
s
th
at
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
t
h
ese
c
h
alle
n
g
es
i
n
to
ef
f
e
ctiv
e
b
u
s
in
e
s
s
s
y
s
te
m
s
[
10]
.
B
u
s
i
n
es
s
i
n
telli
g
en
c
e
is
a
ter
m
th
at
m
er
g
e
s
ar
ch
itect
u
r
es,
m
et
h
o
d
o
lo
g
ies,
ap
p
licati
o
n
s
,
an
al
y
s
i
s
to
o
ls
,
d
atab
ases
,
an
d
to
o
ls
to
ac
ce
s
s
d
ata
in
ter
ac
tiv
el
y
,
en
ab
le
d
ata
m
an
ip
u
latio
n
,
an
d
f
o
r
an
al
y
s
t
s
an
d
b
u
s
i
n
es
s
m
a
n
a
g
er
s
to
p
er
f
o
r
m
ap
p
r
o
p
r
iate
an
al
y
s
is
[
1
1
]
.
So
m
e
o
f
th
e
b
en
ef
its
o
f
u
s
in
g
b
u
s
in
e
s
s
i
n
telli
g
e
n
ce
ar
e
th
at
it
h
e
l
p
s
to
v
ie
w
r
ep
o
r
ts
in
d
ep
en
d
en
tl
y
;
h
elp
s
to
id
en
tify
w
a
s
te
in
th
e
s
y
s
te
m
;
h
elp
s
to
id
en
tify
th
e
s
tr
en
g
t
h
s
an
d
w
ea
k
n
e
s
s
es
o
f
th
e
co
m
p
a
n
y
;
i
m
p
r
o
v
es
d
ec
is
io
n
-
m
a
k
i
n
g
p
r
o
ce
s
s
es;
e
n
ab
les
r
ea
l
-
ti
m
e
a
n
al
y
s
i
s
w
it
h
q
u
ick
n
a
v
i
g
atio
n
;
f
ac
i
litates
s
h
a
r
in
g
a
n
d
ac
ce
s
s
o
f
in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
; p
r
o
v
id
e
v
er
y
f
ast
an
s
w
er
s
to
b
u
s
i
n
es
s
q
u
esti
o
n
s
an
d
p
r
o
b
lem
s
; p
r
o
v
id
es d
ata
v
is
u
al
izatio
n
s
o
th
at
it is
v
er
y
ea
s
y
to
r
ea
d
,
u
n
d
er
s
tan
d
,
an
d
in
ter
p
r
et
[
1
2
]
.
I
n
m
an
y
i
n
d
u
s
tr
ies,
b
u
s
in
e
s
s
i
n
telli
g
e
n
ce
is
n
o
w
w
id
el
y
r
eg
ar
d
ed
as
a
k
ey
d
r
iv
er
in
u
n
d
e
r
s
tan
d
in
g
o
r
g
an
izatio
n
al
o
u
tp
u
ts
w
ell
a
n
d
m
ea
s
u
r
in
g
th
e
m
i
n
r
ea
l
-
ti
m
e
to
m
a
k
e
i
m
p
r
o
v
e
m
en
ts
an
d
ch
an
g
es.
B
u
s
i
n
e
s
s
in
telli
g
e
n
ce
as
a
s
u
p
p
o
r
t
in
o
p
er
atio
n
al
an
d
s
tr
ateg
ic
d
ec
is
io
n
-
m
ak
i
n
g
th
at
ca
n
b
e
co
n
n
ec
ted
to
o
th
er
in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
s
y
s
te
m
s
,
n
a
m
el
y
cu
s
to
m
er
r
elatio
n
s
h
ip
m
a
n
ag
e
m
en
t
(
C
R
M)
m
ar
k
eti
n
g
,
v
is
u
aliza
tio
n
,
d
ec
is
io
n
s
u
p
p
o
r
t
s
y
s
te
m
s
(
DS
S)/
ex
ec
u
t
iv
e
in
f
o
r
m
at
io
n
s
y
s
te
m
s
(
SIS)
,
d
ata
w
ar
eh
o
u
s
e,
k
n
o
w
led
g
e
m
an
a
g
e
m
e
n
t,
d
ata
m
i
n
in
g
,
o
n
-
li
n
e
a
n
al
y
tical
p
r
o
c
ess
in
g
(
O
L
A
P
)
,
g
eo
g
r
ap
h
ic
in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
s
y
s
te
m
s
(
GI
S)
[
1
3
]
.
B
u
s
in
ess
in
telli
g
e
n
ce
s
y
s
te
m
s
h
av
e
f
o
u
r
m
ai
n
co
m
p
o
n
e
n
t
s
,
n
a
m
el
y
u
s
er
in
ter
f
ac
e
(
e.
g
.
,
d
ata
v
is
u
aliza
tio
n
)
;
b
u
s
i
n
e
s
s
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
m
an
a
g
e
m
e
n
t
(
B
P
M)
;
b
u
s
in
es
s
an
al
y
tic
s
;
an
d
d
ata
w
ar
eh
o
u
s
e
[
1
1
]
.
A
d
ata
w
ar
e
h
o
u
s
e
i
s
u
n
i
f
ied
d
ata
f
r
o
m
v
ar
io
u
s
o
r
ig
i
n
s
f
o
r
d
i
m
e
n
s
io
n
al
d
ata
a
n
al
y
s
i
s
.
Mo
r
e
tech
n
icall
y
,
a
d
ata
w
ar
eh
o
u
s
e
is
a
d
ata
co
llectio
n
w
it
h
a
s
u
b
j
ec
t,
in
teg
r
ated
,
n
o
n
-
v
o
lat
ile
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
w
it
h
ti
m
e
v
ar
iatio
n
s
to
s
u
p
p
o
r
t
m
a
n
ag
e
m
en
t
d
ec
is
io
n
s
[
1
4
]
.
T
h
e
r
elatio
n
al
d
esi
g
n
o
f
th
e
d
ata
w
ar
eh
o
u
s
e
i
s
r
ep
r
esen
ted
i
n
a
d
i
m
e
n
s
io
n
al
m
o
d
el
co
n
s
is
ti
n
g
o
f
a
s
tar
s
ch
e
m
a
an
d
a
s
n
o
w
f
lak
e
s
c
h
e
m
a.
T
h
e
s
tar
s
ch
e
m
a
co
n
s
i
s
ts
o
f
o
n
e
ce
n
t
r
alize
d
f
ac
t
tab
le
an
d
d
im
e
n
s
io
n
tab
les.
I
n
g
e
n
er
al,
d
i
m
en
s
io
n
tab
les
i
n
t
h
e
s
tar
s
ch
e
m
a
ar
e
n
o
t
n
o
r
m
alize
d
a
n
d
m
a
y
co
n
tai
n
r
ed
u
n
d
an
t
d
ata
.
Sn
o
w
f
lak
e
s
c
h
e
m
a
av
o
id
s
r
ed
u
n
d
an
c
y
i
n
t
h
e
s
tar
s
ch
e
m
a
t
h
r
o
u
g
h
d
i
m
e
n
s
io
n
al
r
ep
r
esen
tatio
n
s
o
f
m
u
lt
ip
le
tab
l
es
as
s
o
ciate
d
w
it
h
r
ef
er
en
tial i
n
te
g
r
it
y
co
n
s
tr
ai
n
t
s
[
1
4
]
.
S
m
aller
d
ata
w
ar
eh
o
u
s
e
s
ize
s
an
d
s
h
o
r
ter
q
u
er
y
p
r
o
ce
s
s
i
n
g
ti
m
e
s
ca
n
d
eter
m
i
n
e
b
etter
d
im
en
s
io
n
a
l
m
o
d
el
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
.
S
m
all
d
at
a
w
ar
eh
o
u
s
e
s
ize
lead
s
to
less
m
e
m
o
r
y
co
n
s
u
m
p
tio
n
[
2
]
.
Data
v
is
u
aliza
tio
n
u
s
e
s
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
1
6
9
3
-
6930
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E
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KOM
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K
A
T
elec
o
m
m
u
n
C
o
m
p
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t E
l
C
o
n
tr
o
l
,
Vo
l.
23
,
No
.
4
,
A
u
g
u
s
t
20
25
:
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-
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956
v
is
u
al
r
ep
r
esen
tatio
n
s
to
ex
p
l
o
r
e,
u
n
d
er
s
tan
d
,
an
d
co
m
m
u
n
icate
d
ata.
A
lth
o
u
g
h
th
e
n
a
m
e
co
m
m
o
n
l
y
u
s
ed
is
d
ata
v
is
u
aliza
tio
n
,
it
m
ea
n
s
in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
v
is
u
aliza
tio
n
.
I
n
f
o
r
m
atio
n
r
ef
er
s
to
th
e
co
n
te
x
tu
a
lized
,
s
u
m
m
ar
ized
,
an
d
ag
g
r
e
g
ated
f
o
r
m
o
f
r
a
w
d
a
ta;
th
u
s
,
w
h
at
ap
p
ea
r
s
in
a
v
is
u
aliza
tio
n
is
in
f
o
r
m
a
tio
n
r
ath
er
th
an
r
a
w
d
ata
its
elf
.
Data
v
i
s
u
al
iza
tio
n
i
s
i
n
h
er
e
n
tl
y
li
n
k
ed
to
s
ta
tis
tica
l
ch
ar
t
s
,
s
cien
ti
f
ic
v
is
u
al
s
,
an
d
i
n
f
o
r
m
a
t
io
n
g
r
ap
h
ic
s
[
1
1
]
.
Data
m
i
n
i
n
g
is
d
e
f
i
n
ed
as
t
h
e
au
to
m
a
ted
p
r
o
ce
s
s
o
f
e
x
tr
ac
tin
g
m
ea
n
i
n
g
f
u
l
in
s
ig
h
t
s
f
r
o
m
lar
g
e
-
s
ca
le
d
ata
r
ep
o
s
ito
r
ies
[
1
5
]
.
T
h
is
p
r
o
ce
s
s
e
m
p
h
a
s
izes
u
n
co
v
er
in
g
h
id
d
en
p
atter
n
s
a
n
d
r
elatio
n
s
h
ip
s
to
s
u
p
p
o
r
t
in
f
o
r
m
ed
d
ec
is
io
n
-
m
a
k
i
n
g
[
1
6
]
.
T
h
e
im
p
le
m
en
ta
tio
n
o
f
m
ac
h
in
e
lear
n
in
g
i
n
d
ata
m
i
n
i
n
g
h
as
b
ee
n
w
i
d
ely
ad
o
p
ted
ac
r
o
s
s
in
d
u
s
tr
ies
s
u
ch
as
f
in
a
n
ce
,
r
etail,
in
s
u
r
an
ce
,
an
d
telec
o
m
m
u
n
icatio
n
s
[
1
7
]
.
Ma
ch
in
e
lear
n
in
g
i
n
th
i
s
co
n
tex
t
i
s
ca
teg
o
r
ized
in
to
f
o
u
r
t
y
p
e
s
: r
e
in
f
o
r
ce
m
en
t,
s
e
m
i
-
s
u
p
er
v
i
s
ed
,
s
u
p
er
v
i
s
ed
,
an
d
u
n
s
u
p
er
v
is
ed
lear
n
in
g
[
1
8
]
.
Data
m
i
n
in
g
tec
h
n
iq
u
es
ar
e
e
f
f
ec
tiv
e
to
o
ls
to
g
r
o
u
p
ag
r
icu
l
tu
r
al
p
r
o
d
u
ct
cu
s
to
m
er
s
b
ased
o
n
t
h
ei
r
p
u
r
ch
ase
b
eh
a
v
io
r
[
1
9
]
.
C
lu
s
ter
i
n
g
alg
o
r
ith
m
s
a
r
e
d
ata
m
in
in
g
m
et
h
o
d
s
u
s
ed
to
id
en
tify
i
n
h
er
e
n
t
p
atter
n
s
w
it
h
i
n
d
ata
an
d
to
p
r
o
v
id
e
a
s
im
p
li
f
ied
r
ep
r
esen
ta
tio
n
o
f
d
atasets
[
2
0
]
.
K
-
m
ea
n
s
is
a
clu
s
ter
i
n
g
al
g
o
r
ith
m
t
h
at
o
r
g
an
ize
s
d
ata
p
o
in
ts
in
to
g
r
o
u
p
s
b
y
m
i
n
i
m
izi
n
g
th
e
d
is
tan
ce
b
et
w
ee
n
ea
c
h
d
ata
p
o
in
t a
n
d
th
e
ce
n
tr
o
id
o
f
its
cl
u
s
ter
[
2
1
]
.
T
h
e
K
-
m
ea
n
s
al
g
o
r
ith
m
b
eg
in
s
b
y
s
e
lectin
g
t
h
e
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
cl
u
s
ter
s
(
K)
,
in
itia
lizi
n
g
ce
n
tr
o
id
s
,
ass
i
g
n
in
g
d
ata
to
th
e
n
ea
r
est
c
en
tr
o
id
,
an
d
iter
ativ
el
y
u
p
d
ati
n
g
t
h
e
ce
n
tr
o
id
s
.
I
n
co
n
tr
ast,
X
-
m
ea
n
s
ex
te
n
d
s
K
-
m
ea
n
s
b
y
au
to
m
atica
ll
y
d
eter
m
i
n
in
g
t
h
e
o
p
ti
m
al
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
clu
s
ter
s
b
ased
o
n
th
e
b
ay
e
s
ian
in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
cr
iter
io
n
(
B
I
C
)
.
T
h
is
m
et
h
o
d
r
eq
u
ir
es
s
e
ttin
g
a
m
in
i
m
u
m
(
K
m
in
)
a
n
d
m
ax
i
m
u
m
(
K
m
ax
)
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
clu
s
ter
s
,
f
r
o
m
w
h
ic
h
it
i
d
en
ti
f
ie
s
t
h
e
b
est
K
v
al
u
e.
X
-
m
ea
n
s
o
p
er
ates
i
n
t
w
o
m
ai
n
s
ta
g
es
:
I
m
p
r
o
v
e
-
P
ar
a
m
s
,
wh
ich
r
u
n
s
K
-
m
ea
n
s
u
n
t
il
co
n
v
er
g
e
n
ce
,
an
d
I
m
p
r
o
v
e
-
S
tr
u
ct
u
r
e,
w
h
ic
h
ev
al
u
at
es
w
h
et
h
er
clu
s
ter
s
s
h
o
u
ld
b
e
s
p
lit
u
s
i
n
g
B
I
C
.
Valid
atin
g
clu
s
ter
i
n
g
r
es
u
lt
s
i
s
cr
u
cial
f
o
r
en
s
u
r
i
n
g
r
eliab
le
ap
p
licatio
n
o
u
tco
m
es.
Var
io
u
s
in
ter
n
al
v
alid
atio
n
m
etr
ics
ar
e
av
a
ilab
le,
to
talin
g
at
least
t
w
el
v
e,
in
cl
u
d
in
g
co
ef
f
icien
t
o
f
v
ar
ia
tio
n
n
ea
r
est
n
eig
h
b
o
r
(
C
VNN)
,
s
ca
tter
in
g
-
d
en
s
it
y
b
et
w
ee
n
an
d
w
it
h
i
n
cl
u
s
ter
s
(
S_
Db
w
)
,
s
ca
tter
d
en
s
it
y
(
S
D)
,
Xie
–
B
en
i
i
n
d
ex
(
XB
)
,
DB
I
,
Sil
h
o
u
ette
co
ef
f
icie
n
t
(
S),
Du
n
n
i
n
d
ex
(
D)
,
I
in
d
ex
,
C
alin
s
k
i
–
Har
ab
asz
in
d
ex
(
C
H)
,
Gam
m
a
in
d
ex
(
Γ)
,
R
-
s
q
u
ar
ed
(
R
S),
an
d
r
o
o
t
m
ea
n
s
q
u
ar
e
s
tan
d
ar
d
d
ev
iatio
n
(
R
MSST
D)
[
2
2
]
.
Am
o
n
g
th
e
m
,
th
e
DB
I
is
co
m
m
o
n
l
y
u
s
ed
to
ass
es
s
clu
s
ter
q
u
alit
y
.
C
o
h
es
io
n
in
t
h
is
co
n
tex
t
r
e
f
er
s
to
h
o
w
clo
s
el
y
d
ata
p
o
in
ts
ar
e
g
r
o
u
p
ed
ar
o
u
n
d
th
e
ce
n
ter
o
f
th
e
ir
clu
s
ter
,
an
d
o
p
tim
al
cl
u
s
ter
i
n
g
i
s
i
n
d
icate
d
b
y
a
DB
I
v
alu
e
ap
p
r
o
a
ch
in
g
ze
r
o
[
4
]
.
T
h
is
s
tu
d
y
ai
m
s
to
d
esig
n
an
ef
f
icien
t
b
u
s
i
n
es
s
in
tel
lig
e
n
ce
an
d
d
ata
m
i
n
in
g
s
y
s
te
m
m
o
d
el
to
tr
ac
k
f
ac
u
lt
y
s
cie
n
ti
f
ic
p
u
b
licatio
n
s
,
en
s
u
r
in
g
e
f
f
ec
ti
v
e
d
ata
o
r
g
a
n
izatio
n
an
d
i
n
s
ig
h
t
f
u
l
a
n
al
y
s
is
.
I
t
ex
p
lo
r
es
th
e
s
elec
tio
n
o
f
t
h
e
m
o
s
t a
p
p
r
o
p
r
i
ate
d
i
m
e
n
s
io
n
a
l
m
o
d
el,
ev
a
lu
a
tin
g
t
h
e
ad
v
a
n
tag
e
s
o
f
s
tar
s
c
h
e
m
a
a
n
d
s
n
o
w
f
la
k
e
s
ch
e
m
a
in
o
p
ti
m
izin
g
d
ata
s
tr
u
ctu
r
i
n
g
,
r
etr
iev
al
s
p
ee
d
,
an
d
q
u
er
y
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
.
A
d
d
itio
n
a
ll
y
,
th
e
s
t
u
d
y
s
ee
k
s
to
d
eter
m
i
n
e
th
e
m
o
s
t
e
f
f
ec
tiv
e
clu
s
ter
i
n
g
al
g
o
r
ith
m
,
co
m
p
ar
i
n
g
K
-
m
ea
n
s
an
d
X
-
m
ea
n
s
b
ase
d
o
n
th
eir
ac
cu
r
ac
y
an
d
co
m
p
u
tatio
n
al
e
f
f
ic
ien
c
y
i
n
ca
teg
o
r
izin
g
p
u
b
licatio
n
d
ata.
T
h
e
r
esear
ch
m
et
h
o
d
o
lo
g
y
in
v
o
l
v
es
a
co
m
p
ar
ati
v
e
e
v
al
u
atio
n
o
f
b
o
t
h
d
i
m
en
s
io
n
al
m
o
d
els
u
s
in
g
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
m
e
tr
ics,
w
h
ile
cl
u
s
ter
in
g
tec
h
n
iq
u
es
ar
e
ass
ess
ed
th
r
o
u
g
h
v
al
id
it
y
i
n
d
ices
an
d
ef
f
ic
ien
c
y
an
al
y
s
is
.
T
h
e
ex
p
ec
ted
o
u
tco
m
e
is
a
s
ca
lab
le
an
d
r
eliab
le
s
y
s
te
m
t
h
at
e
n
h
a
n
ce
s
d
ata
-
d
r
iv
en
d
ec
is
io
n
-
m
a
k
i
n
g
,
e
n
ab
les
c
o
m
p
r
e
h
en
s
iv
e
f
ac
u
lt
y
p
u
b
licat
io
n
m
o
n
ito
r
in
g
,
a
n
d
s
tr
en
g
th
e
n
s
r
esear
ch
as
s
es
s
m
e
n
t p
r
o
ce
s
s
es
w
it
h
i
n
ac
ad
e
m
ic
i
n
s
ti
tu
t
io
n
s
.
2.
M
E
T
H
O
D
T
h
is
s
ec
tio
n
ex
p
lai
n
s
h
o
w
ab
o
u
t
th
e
r
esear
ch
s
tep
s
,
th
e
d
at
a
co
llectio
n
an
d
d
ata
w
ar
eh
o
u
s
e
d
esi
g
n
p
h
ase
in
th
i
s
r
esear
ch
r
ef
er
s
to
th
e
d
ata
w
ar
eh
o
u
s
e
p
r
o
ce
s
s
s
tag
e
s
u
s
ed
in
th
e
s
t
u
d
y
o
f
m
a
s
s
i
v
el
y
p
ar
alle
l
p
r
o
ce
s
s
in
g
s
y
s
te
m
s
to
en
h
a
n
c
e
th
e
s
ca
lab
ilit
y
o
f
d
ata
w
ar
e
h
o
u
s
e
p
r
o
ce
s
s
i
n
g
[
2
3
]
.
T
h
e
s
elec
tio
n
o
f
t
h
e
b
est
d
i
m
en
s
io
n
al
m
o
d
el
b
et
w
ee
n
s
tar
s
c
h
e
m
a
a
n
d
s
n
o
w
f
lak
e
s
ch
e
m
a
r
ef
er
s
to
r
esear
ch
o
n
th
e
ad
v
a
n
ta
g
es
a
n
d
d
is
ad
v
an
ta
g
es
o
f
b
o
th
m
o
d
el
s
[
2
]
.
OL
A
P
tech
n
o
lo
g
y
s
u
p
p
o
r
ts
th
e
d
esig
n
an
d
ex
a
m
i
n
atio
n
o
f
co
m
p
lex
m
u
ltid
i
m
en
s
io
n
al
s
tr
u
ct
u
r
es
with
i
n
b
u
s
in
e
s
s
d
ata
[
2
4
]
.
T
h
e
b
u
s
i
n
ess
i
n
tel
lig
e
n
ce
s
y
s
te
m
i
n
teg
r
at
io
n
p
h
ase
i
s
ad
ap
ted
f
r
o
m
th
e
m
et
h
o
d
o
lo
g
y
i
n
t
h
e
s
t
u
d
y
o
f
b
u
s
i
n
ess
in
t
ellig
e
n
ce
s
o
l
u
tio
n
s
f
o
r
o
n
li
n
e
b
an
k
i
n
g
co
m
p
an
ies
[
2
5
]
,
w
h
i
le
th
e
s
y
s
te
m
e
v
al
u
at
io
n
p
h
ase
u
s
es
t
h
e
s
y
s
te
m
u
s
a
b
ilit
y
s
ca
le
(
SU
S)
m
et
h
o
d
b
ased
o
n
th
e
u
s
ab
ilit
y
ev
alu
a
tio
n
o
f
e
-
Go
v
er
n
m
en
t
web
s
ites
[
2
6
]
.
Fig
u
r
e
1
ex
p
lain
s
th
e
f
lo
w
o
f
s
ta
g
es i
n
th
e
r
esea
r
ch
co
n
d
u
cted
.
2
.
1
.
Da
t
a
a
nd
info
r
m
a
t
io
n n
ee
ds
a
na
ly
s
is
Qu
alitat
iv
e
d
escr
ip
ti
v
e
is
u
s
e
d
to
p
r
o
v
id
e
s
im
p
le
a
n
d
clea
r
ex
p
lan
atio
n
s
o
f
p
h
en
o
m
e
n
a
[
2
7
]
.
T
h
is
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
h
elp
s
e
x
p
lai
n
h
o
w
b
u
s
i
n
ess
in
te
lli
g
en
ce
s
y
s
te
m
s
f
u
n
ctio
n
an
d
s
u
p
p
o
r
t
o
r
g
an
iza
tio
n
al
g
o
al
s
.
I
n
t
h
e
d
ata
n
ee
d
s
an
al
y
s
is
s
ta
g
e,
d
ata
is
id
en
tif
ied
an
d
co
llected
th
r
o
u
g
h
o
b
s
er
v
atio
n
an
d
d
o
cu
m
e
n
t
r
ev
ie
w
r
elate
d
to
lectu
r
er
s
’
s
cie
n
ti
f
ic
p
u
b
licat
io
n
s
.
Seco
n
d
ar
y
d
ata
is
o
b
tain
ed
th
r
o
u
g
h
d
ata
e
x
tr
ac
tio
n
f
r
o
m
t
h
e
u
n
i
v
er
s
it
y
s
y
s
te
m
an
d
th
e
SIN
T
A
w
eb
s
ite
[
2
8
]
.
W
eb
s
cr
ap
in
g
is
u
s
ed
to
au
to
m
ate
d
ata
co
llectio
n
in
to
s
tr
u
ctu
r
ed
f
o
r
m
at
s
[
2
9
]
,
m
ak
in
g
r
esear
ch
m
o
r
e
ef
f
icie
n
t
[
3
0
]
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
T
E
L
KOM
NI
K
A
T
elec
o
m
m
u
n
C
o
m
p
u
t E
l
C
o
n
tr
o
l
B
u
s
in
ess
in
tellig
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s
ystem
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d
el
to
mea
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r
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ma
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(
Miw
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n
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u
r
n
ia
w
a
n
Hid
a
ya
t
)
957
Fig
u
r
e
1
.
Stag
es i
n
t
h
e
r
esear
ch
2
.
2
.
Da
t
a
w
a
re
ho
us
e
des
ig
n
T
h
is
p
h
ase
i
n
cl
u
d
es
s
e
v
er
al
s
te
p
s
.
T
h
e
d
ata
w
ar
eh
o
u
s
e
m
o
d
el
d
esig
n
ap
p
lies
t
w
o
-
d
i
m
e
n
s
io
n
al
m
o
d
els
:
th
e
s
tar
s
ch
e
m
a,
co
n
s
i
s
tin
g
o
f
f
ac
t
an
d
d
i
m
e
n
s
io
n
tab
les,
a
n
d
t
h
e
s
n
o
w
f
lak
e
s
ch
e
m
a,
w
h
ic
h
a
d
d
s
s
u
b
-
d
i
m
e
n
s
io
n
tab
les;
b
o
th
ar
e
i
m
p
le
m
e
n
ted
i
n
a
d
atab
ase.
Data
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
ati
o
n
is
t
h
en
ca
r
r
ied
o
u
t
f
r
o
m
s
o
u
r
ce
to
tar
g
et
th
r
o
u
g
h
E
T
L
p
r
o
ce
s
s
es u
s
i
n
g
s
p
ec
if
ic
s
o
f
t
w
ar
e.
T
h
e
b
est d
i
m
e
n
s
io
n
a
l
m
o
d
el
is
s
elec
ted
b
ased
o
n
e
x
p
er
i
m
e
n
tal
r
es
u
lts
,
w
h
er
e
s
m
aller
d
ata
s
izes a
n
d
f
aster
q
u
er
y
ti
m
es i
n
d
icate
b
ett
er
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
.
2
.
3
.
Appl
ica
t
io
n o
f
da
t
a
m
i
n
ing
T
h
e
ap
p
licatio
n
o
f
d
ata
m
i
n
i
n
g
t
h
r
o
u
g
h
t
h
e
clu
s
ter
i
n
g
p
r
o
ce
s
s
o
f
lect
u
r
er
s
as
r
esear
ch
e
r
s
in
v
o
l
v
e
s
s
ev
er
al
s
ta
g
e
s
.
First,
cl
u
s
ter
i
n
g
is
p
er
f
o
r
m
ed
u
s
in
g
K
-
m
ea
n
s
an
d
X
-
m
ea
n
s
al
g
o
r
ith
m
s
b
ased
o
n
H
-
i
n
d
ex
v
al
u
e
s
f
r
o
m
Sco
p
u
s
,
Go
o
g
le
Sc
h
o
lar
,
an
d
W
eb
o
f
Scien
ce
o
n
th
e
SIN
T
A
w
eb
s
i
te,
u
tili
z
in
g
d
ata
m
in
i
n
g
s
o
f
t
w
ar
e.
T
h
en
,
th
e
b
est
clu
s
ter
in
g
alg
o
r
ith
m
i
s
s
elec
ted
b
y
co
m
p
ar
in
g
th
e
DB
I
v
al
u
es,
w
h
ich
s
er
v
e
as
a
m
ea
s
u
r
e
o
f
clu
s
ter
v
alid
it
y
in
cl
u
s
ter
i
n
g
m
eth
o
d
s
.
2
.
4
.
Appl
ica
t
io
n o
f
O
L
AP
OL
A
P
cu
b
es
f
ac
ilit
a
te
th
e
v
is
u
a
lizatio
n
,
ex
p
lo
r
atio
n
,
an
d
n
a
v
ig
a
tio
n
o
f
d
ata
w
it
h
i
n
d
ata
w
ar
eh
o
u
s
e
s
to
en
h
a
n
ce
b
u
s
in
e
s
s
i
n
tel
lig
e
n
c
e
an
d
f
o
r
ec
asti
n
g
[
3
1
]
.
A
lo
n
g
s
i
d
e
b
u
s
in
e
s
s
i
n
te
ll
ig
e
n
ce
s
y
s
te
m
s
,
O
L
A
P
s
u
p
p
o
r
ts
m
u
lti
-
p
er
s
p
ec
tiv
e
an
a
l
y
s
is
t
h
r
o
u
g
h
v
ar
io
u
s
q
u
er
ies an
d
o
p
er
atio
n
s
[
3
2
]
.
I
ts
c
o
r
e
s
tr
u
ctu
r
e,
th
e
OL
A
P
cu
b
e,
is
a
m
u
ltid
i
m
en
s
io
n
al
m
o
d
el
t
h
at
en
ab
les
r
ap
id
d
ata
an
al
y
s
i
s
[
1
1
]
.
OL
A
P
cu
b
es
r
ep
r
esen
t
d
ata
to
f
u
l
f
il
l
in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
a
l n
ee
d
s
i
n
d
ec
is
io
n
-
m
a
k
i
n
g
p
r
o
ce
s
s
e
s
.
2
.
5
.
B
us
ines
s
i
nte
llig
ence
s
y
s
t
e
m
dev
elo
p
m
ent
T
h
e
d
ev
elo
p
m
e
n
t
o
f
a
b
u
s
i
n
es
s
i
n
telli
g
en
ce
s
y
s
te
m
in
v
o
lv
e
s
t
h
e
i
n
teg
r
atio
n
o
f
s
ev
er
al
k
e
y
co
m
p
o
n
e
n
t
s
.
A
d
ata
w
ar
e
h
o
u
s
e
f
u
n
ct
io
n
s
as
t
h
e
ce
n
tr
al
d
ata
s
o
u
r
ce
,
w
h
ich
is
p
r
o
ce
s
s
ed
b
y
b
u
s
i
n
es
s
a
n
al
y
t
ics
to
o
ls
to
g
en
er
ate
m
ea
n
in
g
f
u
l
in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
.
T
h
is
in
f
o
r
m
at
io
n
is
th
e
n
p
r
ese
n
ted
th
r
o
u
g
h
a
u
s
er
i
n
ter
f
ac
e
u
s
in
g
d
ata
v
is
u
aliza
t
io
n
s
in
th
e
f
o
r
m
o
f
d
ash
b
o
ar
d
s
,
i
n
ac
co
r
d
an
ce
w
ith
th
e
ar
ch
itect
u
r
e
o
f
t
h
e
d
esig
n
ed
b
u
s
in
e
s
s
in
telli
g
e
n
ce
s
y
s
te
m
.
2
.
6
.
Sy
s
t
em
ev
a
lua
t
io
n
Ver
if
icatio
n
a
n
d
v
alid
atio
n
ar
e
ess
e
n
tial
ac
t
iv
i
ties
in
ev
alu
ati
n
g
b
u
s
in
e
s
s
in
te
lli
g
en
c
e
s
y
s
te
m
s
.
Ver
if
icatio
n
en
s
u
r
es
t
h
e
s
y
s
te
m
r
u
n
s
w
it
h
o
u
t
er
r
o
r
s
an
d
m
ee
ts
p
r
ed
ef
in
ed
s
p
ec
if
ica
tio
n
s
b
y
co
m
p
ar
in
g
tes
t
o
u
tco
m
es
w
i
th
s
u
cc
e
s
s
i
n
d
ica
to
r
s
.
A
s
y
s
te
m
p
as
s
es
v
e
r
i
f
ica
tio
n
if
i
t
f
u
n
c
tio
n
s
p
r
o
p
er
l
y
with
o
u
t
d
e
f
ec
ts
.
T
h
e
SUS
is
u
s
ed
as
a
s
tan
d
ar
d
to
ev
alu
a
te
u
s
ab
il
it
y
,
o
f
f
er
i
n
g
q
u
an
titati
v
e
m
etr
ics
f
o
r
s
tati
s
tic
all
y
an
al
y
zi
n
g
u
s
e
r
ex
p
er
ien
ce
[
3
3
]
.
3.
RE
SU
L
T
S AN
D
D
I
SCU
SS
I
O
N
B
u
s
i
n
ess
I
n
telli
g
e
n
ce
s
er
v
e
s
a
s
a
k
e
y
to
o
l
f
o
r
o
r
g
an
izatio
n
s
i
n
m
a
n
a
g
i
n
g
o
p
en
i
n
n
o
v
atio
n
b
y
en
ab
li
n
g
d
ata
an
al
y
s
is
t
h
at
g
e
n
er
ates
i
n
s
ig
h
t
s
an
d
f
o
s
ter
s
in
n
o
v
at
io
n
[
3
4
]
.
T
h
e
b
u
s
in
es
s
in
tel
lig
e
n
ce
s
y
s
te
m
d
ev
e
lo
p
ed
in
t
h
i
s
s
t
u
d
y
co
n
s
is
t
s
o
f
in
teg
r
ated
co
m
p
o
n
en
t
s
d
esi
g
n
ed
to
s
u
p
p
o
r
t
d
ec
is
io
n
-
m
ak
i
n
g
t
h
r
o
u
g
h
t
h
e
m
o
n
ito
r
in
g
o
f
s
cien
tific
p
u
b
licatio
n
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
.
A
t
th
e
co
r
e
o
f
th
is
s
y
s
te
m
i
s
a
d
ata
w
ar
eh
o
u
s
e
th
at
f
u
n
ctio
n
s
as
a
ce
n
tr
alize
d
d
ata
s
o
u
r
ce
,
w
h
er
e
r
a
w
d
ata
is
p
r
o
ce
s
s
ed
u
s
in
g
b
u
s
i
n
es
s
an
al
y
tic
s
to
o
ls
.
T
h
ese
to
o
ls
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
t
h
e
d
ata
in
to
m
ea
n
in
g
f
u
l
i
n
f
o
r
m
atio
n
th
at
r
e
f
lects
t
h
e
r
esear
ch
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
o
f
f
ac
u
lt
y
m
e
m
b
er
s
a
n
d
s
t
u
d
y
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
1
6
9
3
-
6930
T
E
L
KOM
NI
K
A
T
elec
o
m
m
u
n
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o
m
p
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t E
l
C
o
n
tr
o
l
,
Vo
l.
23
,
No
.
4
,
A
u
g
u
s
t
20
25
:
9
5
4
-
964
958
p
r
o
g
r
am
s
.
T
h
e
o
u
tp
u
t
o
f
th
is
p
r
o
ce
s
s
in
g
is
p
r
esen
ted
th
r
o
u
g
h
a
u
s
er
-
f
r
ien
d
l
y
i
n
ter
f
ac
e
in
th
e
f
o
r
m
o
f
in
ter
ac
ti
v
e
d
ash
b
o
ar
d
s
.
T
h
ese
d
ash
b
o
ar
d
s
ar
e
alig
n
ed
w
it
h
t
h
e
p
r
in
cip
les
o
f
b
u
s
i
n
es
s
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
m
an
a
g
e
m
e
n
t
(
B
P
M)
an
d
s
er
v
e
to
v
is
u
alize
tr
e
n
d
s
,
p
atter
n
s
,
an
d
k
e
y
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
in
d
icato
r
s
r
elate
d
to
s
cie
n
ti
f
i
c
p
u
b
licatio
n
s
.
T
h
e
v
is
u
al
p
r
ese
n
tatio
n
n
o
t
o
n
l
y
e
n
h
a
n
ce
s
ac
ce
s
s
ib
ili
t
y
a
n
d
co
m
p
r
eh
en
s
io
n
f
o
r
d
ec
is
io
n
-
m
a
k
e
r
s
b
u
t
also
s
u
p
p
o
r
ts
s
tr
ateg
ic
p
la
n
n
i
n
g
in
ac
ad
e
m
ic
in
s
ti
tu
t
io
n
s
.
I
n
Fi
g
u
r
e
2
,
in
p
u
ts
in
th
e
s
cie
n
tif
ic
p
u
b
licatio
n
b
u
s
in
e
s
s
in
te
l
lig
e
n
ce
s
y
s
te
m
(
SiB
I
P
I
)
in
clu
d
e
lectu
r
er
an
d
s
tu
d
y
p
r
o
g
r
a
m
d
ata,
r
esear
ch
er
in
d
ex
atio
n
,
an
d
p
u
b
licatio
n
ar
ticle
d
ata.
T
h
e
ab
s
en
ce
o
f
b
u
s
i
n
es
s
in
telli
g
e
n
ce
an
d
d
ata
w
ar
e
h
o
u
s
e
s
y
s
te
m
s
p
r
esen
t
s
p
h
y
s
ical
b
ar
r
ier
s
.
Stak
eh
o
ld
er
s
s
u
c
h
a
s
re
s
ea
r
ch
in
s
tit
u
te
o
f
f
icer
s
an
d
h
ea
d
s
o
f
s
t
u
d
y
p
r
o
g
r
a
m
s
ac
t
as
s
y
s
te
m
u
s
er
s
.
T
h
e
s
y
s
te
m
a
lig
n
s
w
it
h
t
h
e
u
n
i
v
er
s
i
t
y
’
s
v
i
s
io
n
,
m
is
s
io
n
,
r
esear
c
h
r
o
ad
m
ap
,
an
d
g
o
v
er
n
m
en
t
r
eg
u
latio
n
s
.
SiB
I
P
I
aim
s
to
i
m
p
r
o
v
e
e
f
f
icien
c
y
,
ef
f
ec
ti
v
e
n
es
s
,
an
d
o
p
tim
izatio
n
,
p
r
o
d
u
cin
g
o
u
tp
u
ts
lik
e
r
esear
ch
er
in
d
ex
e
s
,
s
co
r
es,
an
d
p
u
b
licatio
n
d
ata,
r
esu
ltin
g
i
n
a
f
u
n
ctio
n
a
l
p
r
o
to
ty
p
e.
T
h
e
d
esig
n
ed
B
I
s
y
s
te
m
ar
c
h
itect
u
r
e
m
o
d
el
is
ill
u
s
tr
ated
in
Fi
g
u
r
e
3
.
Fig
u
r
e
2
.
B
u
s
in
e
s
s
i
n
telli
g
e
n
c
e
s
y
s
te
m
Fig
u
r
e
3
.
B
u
s
in
e
s
s
i
n
telli
g
e
n
c
e
s
y
s
te
m
ar
c
h
itect
u
r
e
m
o
d
el
3
.
1
.
Da
t
a
a
nd
info
r
m
a
t
io
n n
ee
ds
a
na
ly
s
is
Af
ter
id
en
ti
f
y
in
g
th
e
r
eq
u
ir
ed
d
ata
an
d
in
f
o
r
m
a
tio
n
f
o
r
d
esig
n
in
g
th
e
b
u
s
in
e
s
s
i
n
telli
g
en
ce
s
y
s
te
m
,
d
ata
co
llectio
n
is
co
n
d
u
c
ted
o
n
lectu
r
er
s
’
s
cie
n
ti
f
ic
p
u
b
lic
atio
n
s
s
o
u
r
ce
d
f
r
o
m
o
r
g
a
n
iza
tio
n
al
d
o
cu
m
en
t
s
,
u
n
i
v
er
s
i
t
y
d
atab
ase
s
,
an
d
t
h
e
S
I
NT
A
w
eb
s
i
te.
T
h
e
d
ata
u
s
ed
a
s
a
s
o
u
r
ce
i
n
t
h
e
d
ata
w
ar
eh
o
u
s
e
in
cl
u
d
es
lect
u
r
er
an
d
s
tu
d
y
p
r
o
g
r
a
m
d
ata,
r
ese
ar
ch
er
d
ata
an
d
r
esear
ch
s
u
b
jects,
r
esear
ch
er
in
d
e
x
atio
n
d
a
ta,
an
d
p
u
b
licatio
n
ar
ticle
d
ata
.
T
h
is
d
ata
s
er
v
es
as
th
e
f
o
u
n
d
atio
n
f
o
r
b
u
ild
in
g
an
ef
f
ec
ti
v
e
an
d
s
tr
u
ct
u
r
ed
b
u
s
i
n
es
s
in
tel
lig
e
n
ce
s
y
s
te
m
t
h
at
s
u
p
p
o
r
ts
i
n
s
tit
u
tio
n
al
g
o
als.
Data
co
llectio
n
is
c
o
n
d
u
cted
t
h
r
o
u
g
h
e
x
tr
ac
tio
n
f
r
o
m
th
e
u
n
i
v
er
s
it
y
d
atab
ase
an
d
th
e
SIN
T
A
w
eb
s
ite
u
s
in
g
w
eb
s
cr
ap
in
g
tech
n
iq
u
es.
Data
s
to
r
ag
e
i
n
a
d
ata
w
ar
e
h
o
u
s
e
b
u
ilt
o
n
M
y
SQ
L
ca
n
o
f
f
er
e
f
f
ec
ti
v
e
p
e
r
f
o
r
m
an
ce
[
3
5
]
.
W
eb
s
cr
ap
in
g
is
a
u
to
m
ated
u
s
in
g
P
y
t
h
o
n
p
r
o
g
r
a
m
s
,
w
h
ic
h
ar
e
w
id
el
y
u
s
ed
f
o
r
d
ata
p
r
o
ce
s
s
in
g
a
n
d
ex
tr
ac
tio
n
ta
s
k
s
[
3
6
]
.
T
h
e
in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
n
ee
d
ed
in
cl
u
d
es
r
esear
ch
er
in
d
ex
d
ata,
r
esear
ch
er
s
co
r
es,
p
u
b
licatio
n
ar
ticle
d
ata,
an
d
r
esear
c
h
s
u
b
j
ec
t
d
ata,
all
ca
teg
o
r
ized
b
y
lectu
r
er
s
,
s
t
u
d
y
p
r
o
g
r
am
s
,
in
d
e
x
er
s
,
y
ea
r
s
,
a
n
d
r
esear
ch
r
o
ad
m
ap
s
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
T
E
L
KOM
NI
K
A
T
elec
o
m
m
u
n
C
o
m
p
u
t E
l
C
o
n
tr
o
l
B
u
s
in
ess
in
tellig
en
ce
s
ystem
mo
d
el
to
mea
s
u
r
e
th
e
p
erfo
r
ma
n
ce
o
f
…
(
Miw
a
n
K
u
r
n
ia
w
a
n
Hid
a
ya
t
)
959
3
.
2
.
Da
t
a
w
a
re
ho
us
e
de
s
ig
n
Data
w
ar
e
h
o
u
s
e
p
r
o
j
ec
ts
u
s
e
t
h
e
E
T
L
m
et
h
o
d
w
it
h
a
p
r
ed
ef
in
ed
s
ch
e
m
a
b
ef
o
r
e
s
to
r
in
g
d
at
a,
k
n
o
w
n
a
s
“
s
c
h
e
m
a
-
on
-
w
r
ite”
[
3
7
]
.
T
h
is
s
tu
d
y
’
s
d
ata
w
ar
eh
o
u
s
e
d
esi
g
n
in
cl
u
d
es m
o
d
el
d
esi
g
n
,
d
ata
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
atio
n
E
T
L
,
an
d
m
o
d
el
s
elec
tio
n
.
A
ce
n
tr
alize
d
ar
ch
itect
u
r
e
is
ap
p
lied
,
w
it
h
d
ata
s
o
u
r
ce
d
f
r
o
m
d
atab
ases
a
n
d
s
p
r
ea
d
s
h
ee
t
f
iles
.
T
h
e
E
T
L
p
r
o
ce
s
s
ex
tr
ac
t
s
,
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
s
,
an
d
lo
ad
s
d
ata
in
to
th
e
w
ar
e
h
o
u
s
e,
w
h
ic
h
u
s
er
s
ca
n
ac
ce
s
s
th
r
o
u
g
h
an
ap
p
licatio
n
in
ter
f
ac
e.
T
h
e
d
ata
m
o
d
el
d
esi
g
n
u
s
es
t
wo
-
d
i
m
e
n
s
io
n
al
m
o
d
el
s
:
t
h
e
s
tar
s
ch
e
m
a
a
n
d
th
e
s
n
o
w
f
la
k
e
s
ch
e
m
a.
T
h
e
d
i
m
en
s
io
n
al
m
o
d
el
d
esi
g
n
p
r
o
ce
s
s
co
n
s
i
s
ts
o
f
f
o
u
r
s
tep
s
:
s
elec
ti
n
g
b
u
s
i
n
es
s
p
r
o
ce
s
s
es,
estab
lis
h
in
g
g
r
ain
,
id
en
ti
f
y
i
n
g
d
i
m
e
n
s
io
n
s
,
an
d
id
en
ti
f
y
in
g
f
ac
t
s
[
3
8
]
.
I
n
th
e
s
cien
ti
f
ic
p
u
b
licatio
n
m
o
n
ito
r
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1
K
mi
n
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3
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5
5
0
.
5
3
7
0
4
0
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=
4
0
.
6
5
5
3
9
3
K
mi
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4
,
K
max
=
5
5
0
.
5
5
3
7
5
8
K
=
5
0
.
7
3
4
9
8
6
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mi
n
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5
,
K
max
=
5
5
0
.
7
4
7
7
5
1
3
.
4
.
Appl
ica
t
io
n o
f
O
L
AP
An
O
L
A
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cu
b
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w
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ev
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ata
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ticles,
as ill
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ated
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Fi
g
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u
r
e
5
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ticles c
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3
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5
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us
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Sy
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S
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d
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a
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f
uture
w
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t
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s
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ith
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a
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e
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ee
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in
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ts
.
4.
CO
NCLU
SI
O
N
T
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izes
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ize
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[
1
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G
.
F
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[
2
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.
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5
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6
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7
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