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tical
s
ce
n
ar
io
s
.
T
h
e
T
Hz
b
an
d
’
s
h
ig
h
er
d
ata
r
ate
s
an
d
lo
w
er
s
i
g
n
al
f
ad
i
n
g
ad
d
r
ess
t
h
e
c
h
alle
n
g
e
o
f
n
ar
r
o
w
b
a
n
d
w
id
th
s
i
n
th
e
GHz
s
p
ec
tr
u
m
,
m
ak
in
g
T
Hz
MI
MO
an
ten
n
as
a
k
e
y
tec
h
n
o
lo
g
y
f
o
r
f
u
tu
r
e
w
i
r
eless
co
m
m
u
n
ica
tio
n
[
4
]
.
6
G
co
m
m
u
n
icatio
n
n
et
w
o
r
k
s
ar
e
en
v
i
s
io
n
ed
to
le
v
er
ag
e
t
h
e
T
Hz
b
an
d
to
d
eliv
er
u
n
p
r
ec
ed
en
ted
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
m
etr
ic
s
.
W
ith
t
h
e
p
o
ten
tial
to
ac
h
iev
e
T
b
p
s
d
ata
r
ates,
6
G
n
et
w
o
r
k
s
w
ill
s
u
p
p
o
r
t
u
ltra
-
r
eliab
le
lo
w
-
late
n
c
y
co
m
m
u
n
icatio
n
(
UR
L
L
C
)
,
m
as
s
iv
e
m
ac
h
i
n
e
-
t
y
p
e
co
m
m
u
n
ica
tio
n
(
m
MT
C
)
,
an
d
en
h
an
ce
d
m
o
b
ile
b
r
o
ad
b
an
d
(
eM
B
B
)
[
5
]
,
[
6
]
.
T
h
is
w
i
ll
en
ab
le
n
e
w
ap
p
licatio
n
s
a
n
d
s
er
v
ices,
s
u
ch
as
r
ea
l
-
ti
m
e
h
o
lo
g
r
ap
h
ic
co
m
m
u
n
icatio
n
,
p
er
v
asi
v
e
ar
tific
ial
i
n
telli
g
e
n
ce
(
A
I
)
,
an
d
i
m
m
er
s
iv
e
a
u
g
m
e
n
te
d
r
ea
lity
(
AR
)
[
7
]
.
R
ec
en
t
p
r
o
g
r
ess
i
n
T
Hz
an
te
n
n
a
tech
n
o
lo
g
y
h
as
d
e
m
o
n
s
tr
ate
d
s
ig
n
i
f
ica
n
t
ad
v
a
n
ce
m
en
ts
,
b
r
in
g
i
n
g
p
r
ac
tical
i
m
p
le
m
en
ta
tio
n
w
it
h
i
n
r
ea
ch
.
T
h
is
r
esear
ch
ai
m
s
to
ad
d
r
ess
t
h
e
ch
alle
n
g
es
o
f
lo
w
e
f
f
icie
n
c
y
a
n
d
p
o
o
r
is
o
latio
n
i
n
T
Hz
MI
MO
an
ten
n
a
s
b
y
p
r
o
p
o
s
in
g
a
n
o
v
e
l
d
esig
n
o
p
ti
m
ized
f
o
r
d
u
al
-
b
an
d
o
p
er
atio
n
an
d
h
ig
h
g
ain
.
T
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
an
ten
n
a
is
s
p
ec
if
ical
l
y
ta
ilo
r
ed
f
o
r
6
G
ap
p
licatio
n
s
,
w
it
h
t
h
e
g
o
al
o
f
e
n
h
a
n
ci
n
g
d
ata
r
ates
an
d
i
m
p
r
o
v
i
n
g
s
ig
n
al
r
eliab
i
lit
y
.
B
y
ex
p
lo
r
in
g
i
n
n
o
v
ati
v
e
an
ten
n
a
s
tr
u
ctu
r
e
s
an
d
m
ater
ials
,
th
i
s
w
o
r
k
co
n
tr
ib
u
tes
to
ad
v
a
n
cin
g
t
h
e
p
r
ac
tical
d
ep
lo
y
m
en
t
o
f
T
Hz
M
I
MO
tech
n
o
lo
g
y
in
f
u
t
u
r
e
w
ir
eless
co
m
m
u
n
icatio
n
s
y
s
te
m
s
.
As
6
G
n
et
w
o
r
k
s
b
eg
in
to
ta
k
e
s
h
ap
e,
th
e
d
ep
lo
y
m
e
n
t
o
f
T
Hz
MI
MO
an
ten
n
as
i
s
ex
p
ec
ted
to
u
n
lo
ck
n
e
w
p
o
s
s
i
b
ilit
ies,
en
h
an
ci
n
g
ex
i
s
ti
n
g
ap
p
licatio
n
s
an
d
en
ab
li
n
g
i
n
n
o
v
ativ
e
s
er
v
ices
th
a
t
w
er
e
p
r
ev
io
u
s
l
y
u
n
attai
n
ab
le
[
8
]
.
T
h
e
in
teg
r
atio
n
o
f
T
Hz
MI
MO
an
ten
n
a
s
in
v
ar
io
u
s
s
e
cto
r
s
,
f
r
o
m
s
atell
ite
an
d
m
o
b
ile
co
m
m
u
n
icat
io
n
to
I
o
T
an
d
m
ed
ical
s
y
s
te
m
s
,
h
ig
h
lig
h
ts
th
e
ir
w
id
e
-
r
a
n
g
in
g
i
m
p
a
ct
an
d
cr
itical
r
o
le
in
th
e
e
v
o
lu
tio
n
o
f
w
ir
ele
s
s
co
m
m
u
n
icatio
n
[
9
]
.
T
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
an
ten
n
a
d
esig
n
,
as
p
r
esen
ted
in
T
ab
le
1
,
d
em
o
n
s
tr
ates
r
e
m
ar
k
ab
le
ad
v
an
ce
m
en
ts
an
d
s
u
p
er
io
r
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
m
etr
ic
s
co
m
p
ar
ed
to
ex
is
ti
n
g
d
esig
n
s
.
I
t
ac
h
iev
es
s
i
g
n
i
f
ican
tl
y
b
r
o
ad
er
b
an
d
w
id
t
h
s
o
f
4
.
8
8
T
Hz,
o
u
t
p
e
r
f
o
r
m
in
g
th
e
b
a
n
d
w
id
th
v
al
u
e
s
o
f
0
.
1
1
4
T
H
z
,
0
.
4
T
H
z
,
0
.
1
1
T
H
z
,
1
T
H
z
,
a
n
d
1
.
5
9
T
H
z
r
e
p
o
r
t
e
d
i
n
th
e
r
ef
e
r
en
c
e
w
o
r
k
s
[
1
0
]
-
[
1
4
]
,
a
s
w
e
ll
a
s
b
an
d
w
i
d
t
h
v
a
lu
es
o
f
0
.
0
3
8
T
H
z
,
0
.
0
4
3
T
H
z
,
a
n
d
0
.
0
6
T
H
z
in
t
h
e
r
e
f
er
en
ce
w
o
r
k
[
1
5
]
.
T
h
e
a
n
ten
n
a
p
r
o
v
id
es
a
s
i
g
n
if
ic
an
t
g
ai
n
o
f
1
3
.
9
2
d
B
co
m
p
ar
ed
to
5
d
B
,
4
.
4
d
B
,
5
.
4
9
d
B
,
4
.
4
5
d
B
,
a
n
d
1
1
.
6
7
d
B
i
n
th
e
r
ef
e
r
en
c
e
d
w
o
r
k
[
1
0
]
-
[
1
2
]
,
[
1
4
]
,
[
1
5
]
.
T
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
e
d
a
n
t
en
n
a’
s
is
o
l
a
ti
o
n
l
e
v
el
s
s
u
r
p
as
s
-
3
1
.
5
5
d
B
,
e
f
f
e
ct
iv
e
ly
r
e
d
u
c
in
g
i
n
t
e
r
f
e
r
e
n
c
e
a
n
d
e
x
c
e
e
d
in
g
th
e
m
e
a
s
u
r
e
d
l
ev
el
s
o
f
≥
1
7
d
B
,
>
-
2
5
d
B
,
>
-
2
5
d
B
,
>
-
2
3
d
B
,
a
n
d
>
-
2
5
d
B
c
it
e
d
in
[
1
0
]
-
[
1
4
]
,
a
n
d
i
s
o
l
at
i
o
n
v
a
lu
es
o
f
-
1
7
d
B
,
-
3
0
d
B
,
a
n
d
-
2
3
d
B
in
th
e
r
ef
e
r
en
c
e
d
w
o
r
k
[
1
5
]
.
W
ith
an
ef
f
i
c
i
en
cy
o
f
9
5
.
7
7
%
,
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
e
d
d
es
ig
n
o
u
t
p
e
r
f
o
r
m
s
th
e
e
f
f
i
ci
en
c
i
es
o
f
6
0
%
,
9
4
%
,
8
5
.
2
4
%
,
9
8
%
,
a
n
d
7
6
.
4
5
%
m
en
t
io
n
e
d
in
s
tu
d
i
es
[
1
0
]
,
[
1
1
]
,
[
1
3
]
-
[
1
5
]
.
A
d
d
it
i
o
n
a
lly
,
t
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
e
d
an
t
en
n
a
d
em
o
n
s
tr
a
t
e
s
e
x
c
e
p
t
i
o
n
a
l
e
n
v
e
l
o
p
e
c
o
r
re
l
a
t
i
o
n
c
o
e
f
f
i
c
ie
n
t
(
E
C
C
)
an
d
d
iv
e
r
s
i
ty
g
ain
m
e
t
r
i
c
s
,
w
ith
an
E
C
C
o
f
0
.
0
0
0
1
5
a
n
d
a
d
i
v
e
r
s
i
ty
g
a
in
(
D
G
)
o
f
9
.
9
9
9
2
d
B
,
c
o
m
p
a
r
e
d
t
o
E
C
C
v
alu
e
s
o
f
0
.
2
,
0
.
0
0
6
,
0
.
0
1
5
,
0
.
0
1
,
0
.
0
0
4
8
5
9
,
a
n
d
0
.
0
0
3
f
o
u
n
d
i
n
th
e
l
i
t
e
r
atu
r
e
[
1
0
]
-
[
1
5
]
,
an
d
d
i
v
e
r
s
i
ty
g
a
in
s
o
f
9
.
9
9
d
B
a
s
s
t
a
te
d
in
[
1
1
]
,
[
1
2
]
,
[
1
4
]
,
[
1
5
]
a
n
d
9
.
9
7
i
n
[
1
0
]
.
N
o
t
a
b
ly
,
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
e
d
d
es
ig
n
in
co
r
p
o
r
a
t
e
s
r
e
s
i
s
t
an
c
e
-
in
d
u
c
t
an
ce
-
c
a
p
ac
i
t
an
c
e
(
R
L
C
)
c
o
m
p
o
n
e
n
t
s
,
d
i
s
t
in
g
u
i
s
h
in
g
it
f
r
o
m
th
e
r
ef
e
r
en
c
e
d
d
es
ig
n
s
an
d
f
u
r
th
e
r
en
h
an
c
in
g
i
ts
p
e
r
f
o
r
m
an
c
e
.
Ov
e
r
a
l
l
,
th
e
c
o
m
p
r
eh
en
s
i
v
e
ev
a
lu
at
i
o
n
u
n
d
e
r
s
c
o
r
e
s
th
e
s
ig
n
if
i
c
an
t
a
d
v
an
c
em
en
t
s
an
d
s
u
p
e
r
i
o
r
p
e
r
f
o
r
m
a
n
c
e
m
e
t
r
ic
s
o
f
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
e
d
a
n
t
e
n
n
a
d
es
ig
n
,
h
ig
h
li
g
h
ti
n
g
i
ts
p
o
t
en
t
i
al
t
o
l
e
a
d
t
h
e
f
i
el
d
o
f
an
t
en
n
a
t
e
ch
n
o
l
o
g
y
.
T
ab
le
1
.
R
esu
lt c
o
m
p
ar
is
o
n
b
et
w
ee
n
t
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
MI
MO
an
ten
n
a
a
n
d
o
th
er
p
u
b
licatio
n
s
R
ef
R
e
so
n
a
n
c
e
f
r
e
q
u
e
n
c
y
(
T
H
z
)
B
a
n
d
w
i
d
t
h
(
T
H
z
)
P
o
r
t
I
so
l
a
t
i
o
n
(
d
B
)
G
a
i
n
(
d
B
)
Ef
f
i
c
i
e
n
c
y
(
%)
EC
C
DG
(
d
B
)
M
a
t
e
r
i
a
l
R
L
C
[
1
5
]
2
.
3
,
3
.
2
,
4
.
5
0
.
0
3
8
,
0
.
0
4
3
,
0
.
0
6
-
-
1
7
,
-
3
0
,
-
23
5
60
0
.
2
/
9
.
9
9
P
o
l
y
i
mi
d
e
No
[
1
0
]
0
.
1
1
4
4
−
1
7
4
.
4
94
0
.
0
0
6
/
9
.
9
7
R
o
g
e
r
sR
O
4
8
3
5
-
t
No
[
1
1
]
-
0
.
4
2
–
25
5
.
4
9
8
5
.
2
4
0
.
0
1
5
/
9
.
9
9
P
o
l
y
i
mi
d
e
No
[
1
2
]
1
.
8
0
.
1
1
2
−
2
5
4
.
4
5
-
0
.
0
1
/
9
.
9
9
S
i
O
2
No
[
1
3
]
2
.
8
1
2
-
23
-
98
0
.
0
0
4
8
5
9
/
N
/
A
T
e
f
l
o
n
No
[
1
4
]
1
.
8
9
1
.
5
9
-
-
25
1
1
.
6
7
7
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9
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9
2
P
o
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Y
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s
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
T
E
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KOM
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K
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elec
o
m
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THz
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a
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w
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ig
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w
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r
a
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849
2.
DE
S
I
G
NIN
G
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F
T
H
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SI
N
G
L
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-
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M
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ap
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l
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d
esig
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ed
a
s
in
g
le
-
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m
en
t
a
n
ten
n
a,
r
e
f
in
i
n
g
its
s
tr
u
ctu
r
e
th
r
o
u
g
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t
h
r
ee
iter
ativ
e
s
ta
g
es
to
ac
h
ie
v
e
o
p
ti
m
al
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
.
T
h
is
s
ec
tio
n
o
u
tli
n
es
th
e
co
m
p
r
eh
en
s
i
v
e
d
esig
n
m
e
t
h
o
d
o
lo
g
y
.
Fi
g
u
r
e
1
(
a)
s
h
o
w
s
th
e
r
ef
l
ec
tio
n
co
ef
f
ic
ien
t
a
t
ea
ch
s
tep
,
w
h
ile
F
ig
u
r
e
1
(
b
)
d
ep
icts
th
e
r
esp
ec
tiv
e
g
a
in
,
a
n
d
Fig
u
r
e
1
(
c)
p
r
esen
ts
th
e
f
i
n
al
an
te
n
n
a
d
esig
n
.
C
en
tr
al
to
o
u
r
d
esi
g
n
i
s
t
h
e
s
tr
ateg
ic
ch
o
ice
o
f
m
ater
ial
s
.
P
o
ly
a
m
id
e
w
a
s
s
elec
ted
as t
h
e
s
u
b
s
tr
ate
m
ater
ial
d
u
e
to
its
f
av
o
r
ab
le
d
ielec
tr
ic
p
r
o
p
er
ties
,
in
clu
d
in
g
a
d
ielec
tr
ic
co
n
s
ta
n
t
o
f
3
.
5
an
d
a
l
o
w
-
lo
s
s
tan
g
e
n
t
o
f
0
.
0
0
2
7
.
Gr
ap
h
en
e,
r
en
o
w
n
ed
f
o
r
its
e
x
ce
p
tio
n
al
co
n
d
u
cti
v
it
y
,
m
ec
h
an
ical
s
tr
en
g
t
h
,
an
d
f
lex
ib
ilit
y
,
w
a
s
e
m
p
lo
y
ed
as
th
e
p
atch
m
ater
ial
o
n
to
p
o
f
th
e
s
u
b
s
tr
ate
[
1
6
]
.
C
o
m
p
le
m
en
t
i
n
g
t
h
i
s
,
co
p
p
er
w
as
c
h
o
s
en
f
o
r
th
e
g
r
o
u
n
d
p
lan
e
o
n
th
e
o
p
p
o
s
ite
s
id
e
o
f
t
h
e
s
u
b
s
tr
ate
to
e
n
h
a
n
ce
co
n
d
u
c
t
iv
it
y
,
f
ac
i
litati
n
g
ef
f
icie
n
t
s
ig
n
al
g
r
o
u
n
d
i
n
g
a
n
d
r
ad
iatio
n
ef
f
icien
c
y
[
1
7
]
.
I
n
th
e
f
ir
s
t
s
ta
g
e,
w
e
i
m
p
le
m
en
ted
a
b
asic
d
esig
n
co
n
s
is
t
i
n
g
o
f
a
r
ec
tan
g
u
lar
p
atch
w
it
h
a
ce
n
tr
al
s
q
u
ar
e
s
lo
t
a
n
d
an
ad
d
itio
n
al
cir
cu
lar
p
atch
i
n
t
h
e
m
id
d
le.
T
h
is
in
itia
l
co
n
f
ig
u
r
atio
n
d
id
n
o
t
p
r
o
d
u
ce
an
y
d
is
tin
ct
r
eso
n
a
n
ce
f
r
eq
u
e
n
c
y
,
an
d
th
e
o
b
s
er
v
ed
g
ain
w
as
n
o
tab
ly
lo
w
,
in
d
icati
n
g
th
e
n
ee
d
f
o
r
f
u
r
th
er
m
o
d
i
f
icat
io
n
s
.
T
h
e
s
ec
o
n
d
s
ta
g
e
i
n
v
o
l
v
ed
ad
d
in
g
f
o
u
r
r
ec
ta
n
g
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lar
s
lo
ts
a
t
ea
ch
co
r
n
er
o
f
th
e
ce
n
tr
al
s
q
u
ar
e
s
lo
t.
T
h
is
m
o
d
i
f
icatio
n
led
t
o
th
e
e
m
er
g
e
n
ce
o
f
t
w
o
r
eso
n
an
ce
f
r
eq
u
e
n
cies,
b
u
t
t
h
e
r
e
tu
r
n
lo
s
s
w
a
s
s
t
ill
in
s
u
f
f
icien
t,
an
d
th
e
g
ain
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alt
h
o
u
g
h
i
m
p
r
o
v
ed
to
6
.
3
d
B
,
r
e
m
ai
n
ed
b
elo
w
ex
p
ec
tatio
n
s
.
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n
th
e
f
i
n
al
s
ta
g
e,
w
e
in
tr
o
d
u
ce
d
s
tar
-
s
h
ap
ed
s
lo
ts
at
th
e
to
p
o
f
th
e
f
o
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r
r
ec
tan
g
u
la
r
s
lo
ts
,
s
ig
n
i
f
ica
n
tl
y
e
n
h
an
ci
n
g
th
e
co
m
p
le
x
it
y
o
f
th
e
d
esig
n
.
T
h
is
iter
atio
n
y
ie
ld
ed
tw
o
r
eso
n
an
ce
f
r
eq
u
en
ci
es
at
1
.
7
an
d
3
.
1
8
T
Hz,
w
i
th
im
p
r
es
s
iv
e
r
etu
r
n
lo
s
s
es
o
f
-
5
2
.
3
6
d
B
an
d
-
4
8
.
6
8
d
B
,
r
esp
ec
tiv
el
y
.
T
h
e
d
esig
n
also
ac
h
ie
v
ed
a
b
an
d
w
id
t
h
o
f
3
.
2
T
Hz,
co
v
er
in
g
b
o
th
r
eso
n
an
ce
f
r
eq
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en
c
ies,
a
n
d
a
m
ax
i
m
u
m
g
a
in
o
f
9
.
3
d
B
,
m
ee
ti
n
g
o
u
r
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
cr
it
er
ia.
(
a)
(
b
)
(
c)
Fig
u
r
e
1
.
An
al
y
s
is
o
f
th
e
s
in
g
l
e
ele
m
en
t a
n
te
n
n
a
:
(
a)
S1
1
co
m
p
ar
i
s
o
n
,
(
b
)
g
ain
co
m
p
ar
i
s
o
n
o
f
th
r
ee
s
tep
s
,
an
d
(
c)
s
in
g
le
ele
m
e
n
t a
n
ten
n
a
3.
DE
S
I
G
N
O
F
T
H
E
P
RO
P
O
S
E
D
AN
T
E
N
NA
AND
R
E
SU
L
T
AN
AL
Y
SI
S
Af
ter
d
esig
n
i
n
g
t
h
e
s
i
n
g
le
-
el
e
m
en
t
an
te
n
n
a,
w
e
ad
v
an
ce
d
to
a
2
-
p
o
r
t
MI
MO
co
n
f
ig
u
r
atio
n
to
en
h
a
n
ce
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
.
T
h
is
tr
an
s
it
io
n
le
v
er
ag
e
s
th
e
f
o
u
n
d
at
io
n
al
d
esi
g
n
to
a
m
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li
f
y
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i
g
n
al
r
ec
ep
tio
n
th
r
o
u
g
h
m
u
ltip
ath
e
x
p
lo
itatio
n
an
d
in
c
r
ea
s
ed
s
ec
u
r
it
y
.
T
h
e
MI
MO
s
y
s
te
m
is
d
ev
elo
p
ed
to
tr
an
s
m
i
t
m
o
r
e
d
ata
o
v
er
a
f
ar
th
er
d
is
ta
n
ce
w
h
ile
m
ain
tai
n
in
g
ac
ce
p
tab
le
MI
MO
ch
ar
ac
ter
is
tics
[
1
8
]
.
Fig
u
r
e
2
(
a)
illu
s
t
r
ates
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
MI
MO
an
ten
n
a
co
n
f
i
g
u
r
atio
n
,
w
h
er
e
t
w
o
ele
m
en
ts
ar
e
p
o
s
itio
n
ed
s
id
e
b
y
s
id
e
w
it
h
a
1
8
0
-
d
eg
r
ee
o
r
ien
tatio
n
r
elat
iv
e
to
ea
ch
o
th
er
a
n
d
w
e
f
lip
th
e
s
ec
o
n
d
an
te
n
n
a
o
v
er
.
As
a
r
es
u
lt,
o
n
t
h
e
f
r
o
n
t
s
id
e,
th
e
co
n
f
ig
u
r
atio
n
f
ea
tu
r
es
th
e
p
atch
o
f
An
te
n
n
a
1
alo
n
g
s
id
e
t
h
e
g
r
o
u
n
d
p
lan
e
o
f
A
n
ten
n
a
2
.
C
o
n
v
er
s
e
l
y
,
th
e
b
ac
k
s
id
e
d
is
p
la
y
s
t
h
e
g
r
o
u
n
d
p
lan
e
o
f
A
n
te
n
n
a
1
n
ex
t
to
th
e
p
atch
o
f
An
te
n
n
a
2
,
as
s
h
o
w
n
i
n
Fi
g
u
r
e
2
(
b
)
.
T
h
is
u
n
iq
u
e
ar
r
an
g
e
m
en
t
en
s
u
r
e
s
o
p
ti
m
al
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
b
y
m
a
x
i
m
izi
n
g
s
p
atial
d
iv
er
s
i
t
y
a
n
d
m
in
i
m
izi
n
g
m
u
t
u
al
co
u
p
li
n
g
,
lead
i
n
g
t
o
i
m
p
r
o
v
ed
s
ig
n
al
q
u
alit
y
an
d
r
eliab
ilit
y
.
A
f
ter
i
m
p
le
m
en
t
in
g
th
e
MI
MO
co
n
f
ig
u
r
at
io
n
,
w
e
o
b
s
er
v
ed
th
r
ee
r
eso
n
an
ce
f
r
eq
u
en
cie
s
at
1
.
7
T
Hz,
3
.
3
5
T
Hz,
an
d
5
.
3
1
T
Hz.
A
b
r
o
ad
b
an
d
w
id
th
o
f
4
.
8
8
T
Hz
co
v
er
s
th
ese
th
r
ee
r
eso
n
an
ce
f
r
eq
u
en
c
ies,
as
s
h
o
w
n
in
Fig
u
r
e
2
(
c)
.
A
d
d
itio
n
al
l
y
,
F
ig
u
r
e
2
(
d
)
s
h
o
w
s
a
m
a
x
i
m
u
m
g
ai
n
o
f
1
3
.
9
2
d
B
,
s
ig
n
if
ican
tl
y
i
m
p
r
o
v
i
n
g
co
m
p
ar
ed
to
th
e
s
in
g
le
-
ele
m
en
t
an
te
n
n
a.
T
h
es
e
v
alu
e
s
r
ep
r
esen
t
th
e
id
ea
l
s
ettin
g
o
f
t
h
e
an
te
n
n
a,
all
p
ar
a
m
eter
s
ar
e
in
μ
m
,
=9
0
,
=9
0
,
1
=1
0
,
=6
5
,
=4
5
,
=2
5
,
=6
,
2
=4
.
0
8
,
1
=1
0
,
2
=2
.
9
4
,
3
=3
1
.
3
1
,
4
=1
2
,
1
=2
.
8
3
,
2
=2
.
8
3
,
=7
0
,
=2
4
4
,
an
d
=8
8
μ
m
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
1
6
9
3
-
6930
T
E
L
KOM
NI
K
A
T
elec
o
m
m
u
n
C
o
m
p
u
t E
l
C
o
n
tr
o
l
,
Vo
l.
23
,
No
.
4
,
A
u
g
u
s
t
20
25
:
8
4
7
-
856
850
(
a)
(
b
)
(
c
)
(
d
)
Fig
u
r
e
2
.
MI
MO
An
ten
n
a
o
v
e
r
v
ie
w
:
(
a)
f
r
o
n
t
v
ie
w
,
(
b
)
b
ac
k
v
ie
w
,
(
c)
S
1
1
,
an
d
(
d
)
g
ain
co
m
p
ar
i
s
o
n
3
.
1
.
Ref
lec
t
io
n c
o
ef
f
icient
a
n
d t
ra
ns
m
is
s
io
n c
o
ef
f
icient
T
h
e
r
ef
lectio
n
co
e
f
f
icien
t,
a
l
s
o
k
n
o
w
n
a
s
r
etu
r
n
lo
s
s
,
m
e
asu
r
es
th
e
e
f
f
icie
n
c
y
o
f
p
o
wer
tr
an
s
f
er
b
et
w
ee
n
th
e
an
te
n
n
a
an
d
th
e
tr
an
s
m
is
s
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atter
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ict
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o
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el
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ar
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Fig
u
r
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elu
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ates
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h
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m
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ar
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u
r
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.
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ir
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u
r
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v
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atch
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Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.