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T
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alg
o
r
ith
m
,
W
allac
e
alg
o
r
ith
m
,
an
d
o
th
er
s
,
u
s
ed
to
s
p
ee
d
u
p
th
e
d
iv
is
io
n
[
2
2
]
–
[
3
0
]
.
M
o
s
t
o
f
th
ese
m
e
th
o
d
s
ca
n
n
o
t
b
e
u
s
ed
w
h
en
w
o
r
k
i
n
g
w
it
h
m
u
lti
-
b
it
b
in
ar
y
in
te
g
er
s
,
s
in
ce
th
e
co
s
ts
,
w
h
ic
h
d
ir
ec
tly
d
ep
en
d
o
n
th
e
b
it
ca
p
ac
it
y
o
f
th
e
n
u
m
b
er
s
u
s
ed
,
f
o
r
h
ar
d
w
ar
e
i
m
p
le
m
en
tat
io
n
ar
e
v
er
y
h
i
g
h
.
I
n
s
p
ec
ialized
c
o
m
p
u
ti
n
g
d
ev
ice
o
f
a
ce
r
tain
t
y
p
e,
lar
g
e
in
teg
er
s
w
it
h
t
h
o
u
s
an
d
s
o
r
m
illi
o
n
s
o
f
d
ec
i
m
al
d
ig
i
ts
c
a
n
b
e
u
s
ed
(
f
o
r
ex
a
m
p
le,
t
h
o
s
e
w
it
h
a
n
o
r
d
er
o
f
1
0
309
w
h
en
i
m
p
le
m
e
n
ti
n
g
th
e
R
i
v
est
–
S
h
a
m
ir
–
A
d
le
m
a
n
(
R
S
A
)
al
g
o
r
ith
m
)
.
T
h
e
p
u
r
p
o
s
e
o
f
th
e
w
o
r
k
is
to
d
ev
elo
p
a
h
ig
h
-
s
p
ee
d
in
te
g
er
d
iv
is
io
n
d
ev
ice
f
o
r
o
b
tain
in
g
t
h
e
q
u
o
tien
t
an
d
r
e
m
ai
n
d
er
,
b
ased
o
n
th
e
w
ell
-
k
n
o
w
n
m
o
d
u
lo
r
ed
u
ctio
n
d
ev
ice
w
it
h
p
r
o
v
en
o
p
ti
m
a
l
h
ar
d
w
ar
e
co
s
t
s
an
d
h
ig
h
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
[
3
1
]
.
T
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
m
o
d
if
icatio
n
o
f
th
e
k
n
o
w
n
d
e
v
ice
e
x
p
an
d
s
its
f
u
n
ct
io
n
alit
y
d
u
e
to
ad
d
itio
n
al
m
i
n
i
m
al
h
ar
d
w
ar
e
co
s
ts
w
ith
o
u
t
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
lo
s
s
.
T
h
e
g
lo
b
al
g
o
al
o
f
d
ev
elo
p
in
g
t
h
is
r
eso
u
r
ce
ef
f
icien
t
d
ev
ice
is
to
ac
h
ie
v
e
s
u
s
ta
in
ab
le
d
ev
elo
p
m
e
n
t
g
o
al
1
2
:
r
esp
o
n
s
ib
le
co
n
s
u
m
p
ti
o
n
an
d
p
r
o
d
u
ctio
n
.
Usi
n
g
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
d
ev
ice
in
d
ig
ital
in
f
r
astr
u
ct
u
r
e
p
r
o
ce
s
s
o
r
s
o
p
er
atin
g
w
it
h
lar
g
e
in
teg
er
s
w
il
l
i
m
p
r
o
v
e
th
e
qu
alit
y
o
f
i
n
f
r
a
s
tr
u
ct
u
r
e,
in
f
r
astru
ct
u
r
e
r
eliab
ilit
y
,
an
d
r
esil
i
en
c
y
o
f
i
n
f
r
a
s
tr
u
ct
u
r
e,
w
h
ic
h
w
ill
co
n
tr
ib
u
te
to
ac
h
iev
in
g
s
u
s
ta
in
ab
le
d
ev
elo
p
m
en
t g
o
al
9
: in
d
u
s
tr
y
,
i
n
n
o
v
at
io
n
an
d
in
f
r
astr
u
ct
u
r
e.
T
h
e
p
ap
e
r
is
o
r
g
an
ized
in
to
th
e
f
o
llo
w
i
n
g
s
ec
tio
n
s
.
Secti
o
n
2
d
escr
ib
es
th
e
d
iv
is
io
n
m
et
h
o
d
f
o
r
o
b
tain
in
g
th
e
q
u
o
tie
n
t
an
d
r
em
ai
n
d
er
u
s
in
g
an
en
lar
g
ed
d
iv
is
o
r
an
d
p
r
o
v
id
es
a
d
etailed
d
escr
ip
tio
n
o
f
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
eq
u
ip
m
e
n
t.
Sectio
n
3
d
escr
ib
es
th
e
s
tep
-
by
-
s
tep
o
p
er
atio
n
o
f
th
e
d
ev
ice,
u
s
i
n
g
s
p
ec
if
ic
ex
a
m
p
les
to
illu
s
t
r
ate
it
s
co
r
r
ec
t
o
p
er
atio
n
.
Sectio
n
4
co
n
tain
s
a
co
n
clu
d
in
g
r
e
m
ar
k
.
T
h
er
e
i
s
a
n
ac
k
n
o
w
led
g
e
m
en
ts
s
ec
tio
n
.
T
h
e
f
u
n
d
i
n
g
in
f
o
r
m
a
tio
n
s
ec
tio
n
in
d
icate
s
th
at
t
h
e
r
e
is
n
o
f
u
n
d
i
n
g
s
o
u
r
ce
,
th
e
au
th
o
r
co
n
tr
ib
u
tio
n
s
tate
m
en
t
s
ec
tio
n
p
r
o
v
id
es
in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
ab
o
u
t
th
e
co
n
tr
ib
u
t
io
n
o
f
ea
ch
au
t
h
o
r
,
an
d
th
e
co
n
f
lic
t
o
f
in
ter
es
t
s
ec
tio
n
s
tates
t
h
at
t
h
er
e
is
n
o
co
n
f
lict
o
f
i
n
ter
est.
T
h
e
d
ata
av
ailab
ilit
y
s
ec
t
io
n
p
r
o
v
id
es
th
e
i
n
itia
ls
o
f
a
n
au
th
o
r
w
h
o
ca
n
p
r
o
v
id
e
d
ata
th
at
s
u
p
p
o
r
ts
th
e
co
n
cl
u
s
io
n
s
o
f
th
is
s
t
u
d
y
.
2.
M
E
T
H
O
D
As
a
b
asis
f
o
r
o
b
tain
in
g
an
o
p
ti
m
al
d
iv
id
i
n
g
d
ev
ice,
a
m
o
d
u
lo
r
ed
u
ctio
n
d
ev
ice
w
as
ch
o
s
en
,
w
h
ic
h
i
m
p
le
m
en
ted
a
m
et
h
o
d
f
o
r
ac
ce
ler
atin
g
th
e
o
b
tai
n
i
n
g
o
f
a
r
e
m
ai
n
d
er
u
s
i
n
g
t
h
e
in
cr
ea
s
ed
m
o
d
u
l
u
s
[
3
1
]
.
T
h
e
d
ev
ice
h
a
s
b
ee
n
m
o
d
i
f
ied
to
o
b
tain
q
u
o
tien
t.
I
n
th
is
ca
s
e,
th
e
d
ev
ice
ca
n
b
e
u
s
ed
b
o
th
to
o
b
tain
q
u
o
tien
t
(
d
iv
is
io
n
o
p
er
atio
n
)
an
d
th
e
r
e
m
ai
n
d
er
(
m
o
d
u
lo
r
ed
u
ctio
n
o
p
er
atio
n
)
.
T
h
e
m
et
h
o
d
u
s
ed
is
iter
ativ
e
an
d
is
b
ased
o
n
s
u
b
tr
ac
tin
g
th
e
in
cr
ea
s
ed
d
iv
is
o
r
(
m
o
d
u
lu
s
)
f
r
o
m
th
e
d
iv
id
en
d
(
r
ed
u
cib
le
n
u
m
b
er
)
.
T
h
e
d
iv
is
o
r
is
s
h
i
f
ted
to
w
ar
d
s
th
e
h
ig
h
er
d
ig
i
ts
(
to
th
e
le
f
t)
s
o
th
at
it
s
b
it
ca
p
ac
it
y
b
ec
o
m
e
s
eq
u
al
to
th
e
b
it
ca
p
ac
ity
o
f
n
u
m
b
er
.
I
n
th
is
ca
s
e,
th
e
n
u
m
b
er
is
in
cr
ea
s
ed
b
y
2
ti
m
es,
w
h
er
e
=
−
(
is
th
e
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
b
in
ar
y
d
ig
it
s
o
f
,
is
th
e
n
u
m
b
e
r
o
f
b
in
ar
y
d
ig
it
s
o
f
)
.
T
h
en
th
e
in
cr
ea
s
ed
d
iv
is
o
r
is
s
u
b
tr
ac
ted
f
r
o
m
to
o
b
tain
th
e
r
em
ai
n
d
er
1
.
T
h
er
e
a
r
e
n
o
r
estrictio
n
s
o
n
th
e
b
it
ca
p
ac
it
y
o
f
t
h
e
n
u
m
b
er
an
d
,
ex
ce
p
t
th
a
t
t
h
e
b
it
ca
p
ac
it
y
o
f
th
e
n
u
m
b
er
m
u
s
t
b
e
g
r
ea
ter
th
an
o
r
eq
u
a
l
to
th
e
b
it
ca
p
ac
it
y
o
f
th
e
n
u
m
b
e
r
.
A
t
t
h
e
b
eg
in
n
i
n
g
o
f
th
e
o
p
er
atio
n
,
th
e
d
iv
id
en
d
is
co
n
s
id
er
ed
as
a
ze
r
o
r
e
m
ain
d
er
0
.
On
ea
ch
iter
atio
n
,
af
ter
o
b
tain
in
g
th
e
n
ex
t
p
ar
tia
l
r
e
m
ain
d
er
,
th
e
in
cr
ea
s
ed
d
iv
is
o
r
is
s
h
i
f
ted
r
ig
h
t
b
y
o
n
e
b
it
(
it
is
r
ed
u
ce
d
b
y
h
al
f
)
.
I
f
th
e
r
e
m
a
in
d
er
is
p
o
s
itiv
e,
th
e
n
th
e
f
o
r
m
ed
−
ℎ
d
i
g
it
o
f
t
h
e
q
u
o
tien
t
is
s
et
to
1
,
an
d
th
e
r
e
d
u
ce
d
d
iv
is
o
r
is
s
u
b
tr
ac
ted
f
r
o
m
t
h
e
r
ec
eiv
ed
r
e
m
ain
d
er
.
I
f
th
e
r
e
m
ai
n
d
er
i
s
n
eg
a
tiv
e,
t
h
e
f
o
r
m
ed
−
ℎ
d
ig
it
o
f
th
e
q
u
o
tien
t
is
“
0
”
an
d
th
e
r
ed
u
ce
d
d
iv
is
o
r
is
s
u
b
tr
ac
ted
f
r
o
m
t
h
e
p
r
ev
io
u
s
r
e
m
ai
n
d
er
−
1
.
T
h
e
r
ec
eiv
ed
r
em
a
in
d
er
is
an
aly
ze
d
at
ea
ch
iter
atio
n
,
m
ak
i
n
g
it
p
o
s
s
ib
le
to
ter
m
i
n
ate
t
h
e
o
p
er
atio
n
at
a
n
y
iter
atio
n
i
f
t
h
e
r
e
m
ain
d
er
i
s
le
s
s
t
h
a
n
t
h
e
d
iv
i
s
o
r
(
<
)
.
Mo
s
t
o
th
er
d
iv
i
s
io
n
ac
ce
ler
atio
n
m
et
h
o
d
s
r
eq
u
ir
e
all
d
iv
is
io
n
s
tep
s
to
b
e
p
er
f
o
r
m
ed
.
Fig
u
r
e
1
s
h
o
w
s
th
e
s
tr
u
ct
u
r
al
d
iag
r
a
m
o
f
a
d
i
v
id
in
g
d
ev
ice
w
it
h
t
h
e
f
o
r
m
atio
n
o
f
a
q
u
o
t
ien
t
a
n
d
a
r
e
m
ain
d
er
.
B
lo
ck
is
r
eq
u
ir
e
d
to
s
y
n
c
h
r
o
n
ize
th
e
o
p
er
ati
o
n
o
f
th
e
d
ev
ice.
I
t
co
n
tain
s
th
e
clo
ck
p
u
l
s
e
g
en
er
ato
r
,
th
e
s
tar
t
tr
ig
g
er
,
th
e
g
ate
an
d
th
e
d
elay
ele
m
en
t.
B
lo
ck
is
a
b
lo
ck
o
f
m
e
m
o
r
y
co
n
tain
i
n
g
a
b
lo
ck
o
f
lo
g
ic
g
ates
an
d
r
eg
is
ter
s
f
o
r
s
to
r
in
g
t
h
e
d
iv
i
s
o
r
an
d
th
e
in
cr
ea
s
ed
d
iv
is
o
r
(
s
h
i
f
te
d
to
w
ar
d
s
th
e
m
o
s
t
s
ig
n
i
f
ica
n
t
b
its
)
.
B
lo
ck
in
clu
d
es
t
h
e
d
ela
y
ele
m
e
n
t,
th
e
r
eg
is
ter
,
b
lo
c
k
s
o
f
lo
g
ic
g
ates
,
,
an
d
th
e
co
m
b
i
n
atio
n
al
b
i
n
ar
y
ad
d
er
,
p
er
f
o
r
m
i
n
g
o
n
t
h
e
f
ir
s
t
iter
atio
n
o
f
t
h
e
o
p
er
atio
n
o
f
s
u
b
tr
ac
tio
n
o
f
th
e
in
cr
ea
s
ed
d
iv
i
s
o
r
f
r
o
m
t
h
e
d
iv
id
en
d
.
On
s
u
b
s
eq
u
en
t
iter
ati
o
n
s
t
h
e
b
in
ar
y
ad
d
er
p
er
f
o
r
m
s
s
u
b
tr
ac
tio
n
t
h
e
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
T
E
L
KOM
NI
K
A
T
elec
o
m
m
u
n
C
o
m
p
u
t E
l
C
o
n
tr
o
l
Hig
h
-
s
p
ee
d
d
ivid
i
n
g
d
ev
ice
w
i
th
th
e
fo
r
ma
tio
n
o
f
q
u
o
tien
t
a
n
d
r
ema
in
d
er
(
Yevg
en
iya
A
itkh
o
z
h
a
ye
va
)
945
r
ig
h
t
-
s
h
i
f
ti
n
g
d
iv
i
s
o
r
f
r
o
m
th
e
r
esu
lti
n
g
p
ar
tial
r
e
m
a
in
d
er
.
T
h
e
d
iv
id
en
d
an
d
r
em
ai
n
d
er
s
ar
e
s
to
r
e
d
in
th
e
r
eg
i
s
ter
o
f
b
lo
ck
,
th
e
d
iv
id
en
d
is
co
n
s
id
er
ed
as
a
ze
r
o
r
em
ain
d
er
0
.
B
lo
ck
is
r
eq
u
ir
ed
to
f
o
r
m
th
e
r
esu
lt:
th
e
q
u
o
tie
n
t
(
o
u
tp
u
t)
an
d
th
e
r
e
m
ai
n
d
er
(
o
u
tp
u
t)
f
r
o
m
th
e
d
i
v
is
io
n
.
I
t
co
n
tain
s
t
h
e
co
m
p
ar
ato
r
cir
cu
it,
b
lo
ck
s
o
f
lo
g
ic
g
ate
s
,
a
clo
ck
p
u
ls
e
co
u
n
ter
,
an
i
n
co
m
p
lete
d
ec
o
d
er
,
an
d
th
e
q
u
o
tien
t
r
eg
i
s
ter
o
n
tr
ig
g
er
s
.
T
h
e
in
itial
s
tate
o
f
t
h
e
s
tar
t
tr
ig
g
er
,
co
u
n
ter
,
an
d
r
eg
is
ter
s
i
n
to
all
b
lo
ck
s
is
ze
r
o
.
T
h
e
f
o
r
m
in
g
o
f
t
h
e
q
u
o
tie
n
t
s
tar
ts
f
r
o
m
th
e
h
ig
h
e
s
t
d
ig
it.
B
elo
w
is
a
d
escr
ip
tio
n
o
f
t
h
e
d
ev
ice
o
p
er
atio
n
at
th
e
s
tr
u
ct
u
r
al
d
iag
r
a
m
lev
el.
T
h
e
S
ta
r
t
s
ig
n
a
l
en
ab
les
t
h
e
w
r
iti
n
g
o
f
d
i
v
id
en
d
to
b
lo
ck
,
th
e
w
r
iti
n
g
d
i
v
is
o
r
,
an
d
in
cr
ea
s
ed
d
iv
is
o
r
to
b
lo
ck
.
T
h
e
s
ig
n
a
l
s
ets
th
e
s
tar
t
tr
i
g
g
er
i
n
b
lo
c
k
to
th
e
h
ig
h
s
tate
b
u
t
w
it
h
a
d
ela
y
.
Du
r
in
g
t
h
e
d
ela
y
in
b
lo
ck
o
n
th
e
co
m
b
in
at
i
o
n
al
b
in
ar
y
ad
d
er
,
s
u
b
tr
ac
tio
n
th
e
i
n
cr
ea
s
ed
d
iv
is
o
r
f
r
o
m
t
h
e
d
iv
id
en
d
is
p
er
f
o
r
m
ed
,
r
es
u
lti
n
g
in
th
e
r
e
m
ai
n
d
er
1
.
Du
r
in
g
t
h
e
s
a
m
e
ti
m
e,
t
h
e
d
i
v
id
en
d
(
ze
r
o
r
e
m
ain
d
er
0
)
an
d
d
iv
i
s
o
r
ar
e
co
m
p
ar
ed
i
n
b
lo
ck
.
I
f
<
,
th
e
n
th
e
o
p
er
atio
n
is
o
v
er
.
I
n
b
lo
ck
a
s
ig
n
al
is
g
e
n
er
ated
,
w
h
ic
h
o
u
tp
u
t
s
a
q
u
o
tien
t
eq
u
al
to
ze
r
o
o
n
th
e
o
u
tp
u
t,
o
u
tp
u
ts
t
h
e
r
e
m
ain
d
er
(
d
iv
id
en
d
)
o
n
th
e
o
u
tp
u
t,
an
d
s
w
itc
h
es
t
h
e
s
tar
t
t
r
ig
g
er
i
n
t
h
e
s
y
n
c
h
r
o
n
izatio
n
b
lo
ck
to
th
e
in
ac
ti
v
e
s
tate.
T
h
e
r
e
m
ain
d
er
o
f
1
is
n
o
t
u
s
ed
.
Fig
u
r
e
1
.
Stru
ct
u
r
al
d
iag
r
a
m
o
f
a
d
ev
ice
I
f
≥
,
th
en
s
ig
n
al
,
is
n
o
g
en
er
ated
an
d
th
e
o
p
er
atio
n
co
n
ti
n
u
es.
W
h
e
n
ca
lc
u
lati
n
g
th
e
r
e
m
ain
d
er
1
in
b
lo
ck
,
a
ca
r
r
y
s
i
g
n
al
is
g
e
n
er
ated
at
t
h
e
o
u
tp
u
t
o
f
t
h
e
co
m
b
i
n
atio
n
a
l a
d
d
er
.
I
f
th
e
r
e
m
ai
n
d
er
1
is
n
eg
at
iv
e,
th
e
ca
r
r
y
s
i
g
n
al
i
s
eq
u
al
“
0
”,
an
d
t
h
e
r
e
m
ai
n
d
er
1
is
n
o
t
u
s
ed
.
I
f
t
h
e
r
e
m
ai
n
d
er
1
is
p
o
s
iti
v
e,
th
e
ca
r
r
y
s
i
g
n
al
is
eq
u
al
to
“
1
”,
an
d
allo
w
s
w
r
i
tin
g
R
1
in
s
te
ad
o
f
n
u
m
b
er
w
it
h
t
h
e
ar
r
iv
al
o
f
t
h
e
f
ir
s
t
clo
c
k
p
u
ls
e
i
n
t
h
e
r
e
g
is
ter
o
f
b
lo
ck
.
T
h
e
ca
r
r
y
s
i
g
n
al
eq
u
al
to
“
1
”
g
o
es to
b
lo
ck
,
in
w
h
ich
w
it
h
t
h
e
ar
r
iv
al
o
f
t
h
e
n
ex
t
clo
ck
p
u
ls
e
is
f
o
r
m
ed
o
n
e
in
t
h
e
h
i
g
h
d
i
g
it
o
f
t
h
e
q
u
o
ti
en
t
r
eg
is
ter
.
A
l
s
o
,
th
i
s
clo
ck
p
u
ls
e
w
it
h
a
d
ela
y
i
s
r
ec
eiv
ed
to
b
l
o
ck
.
I
n
b
lo
ck
,
th
e
in
cr
ea
s
ed
d
iv
id
er
(
×
2
)
is
s
h
if
ted
o
n
e
b
in
ar
y
d
ig
it
to
th
e
r
ig
h
t
an
d
r
ed
u
ce
d
b
y
h
a
lf
,
r
es
u
lti
n
g
in
(
×
2
(
−
1
)
)
.
T
h
e
d
iv
is
io
n
p
r
o
ce
s
s
co
n
ti
n
u
e
s
.
Fo
r
ea
ch
−
ℎ
s
tep
o
f
th
e
d
iv
i
s
io
n
,
it
is
tr
u
e:
a)
i
f
at
th
e
−
ℎ
s
tep
o
f
d
iv
is
io
n
<
,
w
ill
b
e
th
e
r
e
m
ai
n
d
er
o
f
th
e
d
iv
i
s
io
n
,
th
e
q
u
o
tien
t
h
as
alr
ea
d
y
b
ee
n
f
o
r
m
ed
,
th
e
p
r
o
ce
s
s
is
co
m
p
leted
;
b
)
if
at
th
e
−
ℎ
s
tep
o
f
d
iv
is
io
n
≥
an
d
<
0
,
th
en
th
e
p
r
ev
io
u
s
r
e
m
ai
n
d
er
−
1
r
e
m
ai
n
s
in
th
e
r
e
g
is
ter
o
f
b
lo
c
k
w
it
h
o
u
t
c
h
an
g
es,
i
n
th
e
−
ℎ
d
i
g
it
o
f
th
e
q
u
o
tie
n
t
r
eg
i
s
ter
r
e
m
ai
n
s
“
0
”,
an
d
th
e
p
r
o
ce
s
s
o
f
d
iv
id
in
g
co
n
tin
u
es
;
an
d
c)
i
f
at
t
h
e
−
ℎ
s
tep
o
f
d
iv
i
s
io
n
≥
an
d
>
0
,
th
e
r
em
ai
n
d
er
is
w
r
itte
n
to
t
h
e
r
eg
is
ter
o
f
b
lo
ck
in
s
tead
o
f
th
e
p
r
ev
io
u
s
r
e
m
ain
d
er
−
1
.
I
n
ad
d
itio
n
,
“
1
”
is
w
r
itte
n
to
th
e
−
ℎ
b
it
o
f
th
e
q
u
o
tien
t r
eg
is
ter
o
f
b
lo
ck
,
an
d
th
e
o
p
er
atio
n
co
n
tin
u
es.
T
h
e
n
ex
t
b
it
o
f
t
h
e
q
u
o
tie
n
t
i
s
f
o
r
m
ed
in
b
lo
ck
w
it
h
th
e
ar
r
iv
al
o
f
ea
c
h
clo
ck
p
u
ls
e.
T
h
e
d
ec
o
d
er
,
u
s
i
n
g
th
e
v
al
u
e
o
f
th
e
clo
c
k
p
u
ls
e
co
u
n
ter
,
d
eter
m
in
e
s
t
h
e
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
th
e
q
u
o
tien
t
r
e
g
is
ter
d
ig
it
i
n
to
w
h
ich
t
h
e
n
ex
t
q
u
o
tien
t
d
ig
it
i
s
w
r
itte
n
.
T
h
e
co
u
n
ter
b
it
ca
p
ac
it
y
a
n
d
d
ec
o
d
er
in
p
u
t
co
u
n
t
a
r
e
d
eter
m
i
n
ed
b
y
=
2
(
)
+
1
(
r
o
u
n
d
ed
u
p
to
an
in
teg
er
)
.
T
h
e
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
d
ec
o
d
er
o
u
tp
u
ts
is
(
+
2
)
.
T
h
e
b
it
ca
p
ac
ity
o
f
th
e
q
u
o
tie
n
t
r
eg
is
ter
is
(
+
1
)
.
T
h
e
o
u
tp
u
ts
o
f
t
h
e
d
ec
o
d
er
,
s
tar
tin
g
f
r
o
m
t
h
e
s
ec
o
n
d
o
n
e,
ar
e
c
o
n
n
ec
ted
to
th
e
in
p
u
ts
o
f
th
e
q
u
o
tie
n
t r
e
g
is
te
r
th
r
o
u
g
h
b
lo
ck
o
f
lo
g
ic
g
ate
s
(
a
to
tal
o
f
+
1
co
n
n
ec
tio
n
s
)
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
1
6
9
3
-
6930
T
E
L
KOM
NI
K
A
T
elec
o
m
m
u
n
C
o
m
p
u
t E
l
C
o
n
tr
o
l
,
Vo
l.
23
,
No
.
4
,
A
u
g
u
s
t
20
25
:
9
4
3
-
9
5
3
946
Fig
u
r
e
2
s
h
o
w
s
th
e
f
u
n
ctio
n
al
d
iag
r
a
m
o
f
th
e
d
ev
ice.
T
h
e
f
o
llo
w
in
g
d
escr
ib
es
h
o
w
th
e
d
ev
ice
o
p
er
ates
at
th
e
f
u
n
ctio
n
al
d
i
ag
r
a
m
lev
el,
i
n
cl
u
d
in
g
a
d
et
ailed
d
escr
ip
tio
n
o
f
s
ig
n
al
s
p
ass
in
g
.
T
h
e
d
ev
ice
co
n
tain
s
r
eg
is
ter
s
(
А
)
,
(
)
,
(
),
(
)
;
co
m
b
i
n
atio
n
al
ad
d
er
;
t
w
o
d
e
la
y
ele
m
e
n
ts
1
an
d
2
;
a
co
m
p
ar
ato
r
cir
cu
it
;
clo
ck
g
en
er
ato
r
(
)
;
tr
ig
g
er
;
1
g
ate;
b
lo
ck
s
o
f
lo
g
ic
g
ates
2
÷
7
,
;
clo
ck
p
u
ls
e
co
u
n
ter
(
)
;
in
co
m
p
lete
d
e
co
d
er
(
)
.
r
eg
is
ter
o
f
b
it
ca
p
ac
it
y
f
ir
s
t
f
o
r
s
to
r
in
g
th
e
d
iv
id
en
d
an
d
th
en
th
e
p
ar
tial
r
e
m
ai
n
d
er
s
.
r
eg
is
ter
o
f
b
it
ca
p
ac
ity
f
o
r
s
t
o
r
in
g
th
e
d
iv
is
o
r
.
Sh
i
f
t
r
e
g
is
ter
o
f
b
it
ca
p
ac
it
y
f
o
r
s
to
r
i
n
g
th
e
i
n
cr
ea
s
ed
d
iv
is
o
r
.
C
o
m
b
i
n
atio
n
al
a
d
d
er
h
as
b
it
ca
p
ac
it
y
.
r
eg
i
s
ter
i
m
p
le
m
en
t
in
g
o
n
-
tr
ig
g
er
s
,
to
s
t
o
r
e
a
q
u
o
tien
t.
T
h
e
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
g
ates
i
n
b
lo
ck
s
o
f
lo
g
ic
g
ates
2
,
3
,
5
,
is
.
T
h
e
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
g
a
tes
i
n
b
lo
ck
s
o
f
lo
g
ic
g
ate
s
6
,
7
is
(
+
1
)
.
T
h
e
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
g
ates i
n
b
l
o
ck
o
f
lo
g
ic
g
ates
4
is
.
T
h
e
in
p
u
t
is
u
s
ed
to
s
tar
t
t
h
e
q
u
o
tien
t
a
n
d
r
e
m
ain
d
er
ca
lc
u
l
atio
n
.
I
n
p
u
t
is
u
s
ed
to
in
p
u
t
t
h
e
b
in
ar
y
co
d
e
o
f
th
e
d
i
v
id
en
d
,
th
e
in
p
u
t
is
u
s
ed
to
i
n
p
u
t
t
h
e
b
in
ar
y
co
d
e
o
f
t
h
e
d
iv
i
s
o
r
.
T
h
e
o
u
tp
u
t
is
u
s
ed
to
o
u
tp
u
t
th
e
r
esu
lt
o
f
t
h
e
r
e
m
ai
n
d
er
;
th
e
o
u
tp
u
t
i
s
u
s
ed
to
o
u
tp
u
t
th
e
r
es
u
lt
o
f
th
e
q
u
o
tien
t.
T
h
e
s
tar
t o
f
d
ev
ice
o
p
er
atio
n
is
d
eter
m
i
n
ed
b
y
th
e
m
o
m
e
n
t a
s
in
g
le
s
ig
n
al
is
s
en
t to
th
e
d
ev
ic
e
in
p
u
t.
I
t
is
n
ec
es
s
ar
y
to
co
n
s
i
d
er
ac
tio
n
s
u
p
o
n
r
ec
eip
t
o
f
a
clo
ck
p
u
l
s
e
(
co
m
p
ar
is
o
n
o
p
er
atio
n
s
ar
e
p
er
f
o
r
m
ed
o
n
th
e
cir
cu
it,
ch
an
g
es
i
n
th
e
s
tate
o
f
th
e
co
u
n
ter
,
f
o
r
m
at
io
n
o
f
th
e
n
ex
t
q
u
o
tien
t
d
i
g
it
in
)
a
n
d
a
d
elay
ed
clo
ck
p
u
ls
e
(
s
h
i
f
t th
e
in
cr
ea
s
ed
d
iv
is
o
r
in
an
d
w
r
i
tin
g
th
e
ca
lc
u
lated
r
e
m
ai
n
d
er
i
n
).
Fig
u
r
e
2
.
Fu
n
c
tio
n
al
d
ia
g
r
a
m
o
f
a
d
ev
ice
T
h
e
s
ig
n
al
p
er
m
its
th
e
en
tr
y
o
f
d
iv
id
e
n
d
th
r
o
u
g
h
t
h
e
3
an
d
th
e
in
to
th
e
r
eg
is
ter
.
I
n
th
e
r
eg
is
ter
,
in
itia
ll
y
th
e
n
u
m
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er
,
th
en
t
h
e
r
e
m
ain
d
er
.
A
t
th
i
s
m
o
m
en
t
also
,
th
e
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iti
n
g
o
f
th
e
d
i
v
i
s
o
r
th
r
o
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g
h
th
e
4
in
to
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e
r
eg
i
s
ter
,
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d
to
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i
g
h
d
ig
its
o
f
t
h
e
s
h
i
f
t
r
e
g
is
ter
.
I
n
t
h
e
sh
i
f
t r
eg
is
ter
in
itiall
y
w
r
itte
n
×
2
,
th
en
a
f
ter
t
h
e
−
ℎ
s
h
if
t sto
r
ed
×
2
−
.
T
h
is
s
a
m
e
s
ig
n
al,
w
it
h
a
d
ela
y
s
ets
tr
i
g
g
er
to
th
e
h
ig
h
s
tate
t
h
r
o
u
g
h
d
ela
y
el
e
m
en
t
1
.
T
h
e
h
ig
h
p
o
ten
tial
f
r
o
m
th
e
d
ir
ec
t
o
u
tp
u
t
o
f
tr
i
g
g
er
en
a
b
li
n
g
t
h
e
p
ass
a
g
e
o
f
clo
c
k
p
u
l
s
es
f
r
o
m
t
h
e
o
u
tp
u
t
o
f
clo
ck
p
u
ls
e
g
e
n
er
ato
r
th
r
o
u
g
h
t
h
e
1
f
o
r
clo
ck
in
g
t
h
e
d
ev
ice
o
p
er
atio
n
.
T
h
e
in
itial
n
u
m
b
er
is
co
n
s
id
er
ed
as
ze
r
o
r
em
a
in
d
er
0
.
T
h
e
co
d
e
o
f
th
e
r
em
ai
n
d
er
0
f
r
o
m
t
h
e
r
eg
i
s
ter
an
d
th
e
d
iv
i
s
o
r
f
r
o
m
th
e
r
e
g
is
ter
ar
e
f
ed
i
n
to
th
e
co
m
p
ar
ato
r
cir
cu
it
.
Du
r
in
g
co
m
p
ar
i
n
g
,
alig
n
m
en
t
i
s
b
ased
o
n
th
e
least
s
i
g
n
i
f
ica
n
t
d
ig
its
.
I
t
is
d
eter
m
in
ed
w
h
eth
er
<
o
r
n
o
t.
I
f
<
,
th
en
t
h
e
n
u
m
b
er
is
alr
ea
d
y
t
h
e
r
e
m
ain
d
er
.
A
t
th
e
o
u
tp
u
t
o
f
t
h
e
co
m
p
ar
ato
r
cir
cu
it
,
a
s
ig
n
al
“
1
”
(
o
p
er
atio
n
en
d
s
ig
n
al
)
is
g
en
er
ated
,
w
h
ic
h
is
f
ed
to
th
e
allo
w
i
n
g
i
n
p
u
t
s
o
f
lo
g
ic
g
ate
s
7
an
d
5
.
So
,
allo
w
s
t
h
e
o
u
tp
u
t
o
f
th
e
q
u
o
tie
n
t,
eq
u
al
to
ze
r
o
,
f
r
o
m
t
h
e
o
u
tp
u
t
o
f
th
e
r
eg
i
s
ter
th
r
o
u
g
h
t
h
e
7
to
th
e
o
u
tp
u
t
Qu
o
tien
t
an
d
th
e
r
e
m
ai
n
d
er
0
th
r
o
u
g
h
th
e
5
f
r
o
m
t
h
e
o
u
tp
u
t
o
f
th
e
r
eg
is
ter
to
th
e
o
u
tp
u
t
.
T
h
e
s
a
m
e
s
i
g
n
al
r
eset
s
t
h
e
tr
i
g
g
er
,
w
h
ic
h
d
is
ab
les
th
e
p
ass
a
g
e
o
f
clo
ck
s
i
g
n
al
s
th
r
o
u
g
h
t
h
e
1
,
th
e
d
iv
is
io
n
o
p
er
atio
n
s
to
p
s
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
T
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atio
n
al
ad
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er
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h
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s
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ac
tio
n
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th
e
co
m
b
i
n
atio
n
al
ad
d
er
u
s
in
g
an
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d
itio
n
al
co
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,
th
e
f
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atio
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o
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h
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e
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ai
n
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ir
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h
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s
e
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ar
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o
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es
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…0
1
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h
e
b
in
ar
y
co
d
e
f
r
o
m
th
e
o
u
t
p
u
ts
o
f
t
h
e
co
u
n
ter
is
f
ed
to
th
e
in
p
u
ts
o
f
t
h
e
d
ec
o
d
er
.
A
s
i
g
n
al
“
1
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is
f
o
r
m
ed
o
n
th
e
s
ec
o
n
d
o
u
tp
u
t
o
f
th
e
d
ec
o
d
er
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d
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0
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i
s
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r
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t
o
n
t
h
e
o
t
h
er
o
u
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u
ts
o
f
.
T
h
e
f
ir
s
t
o
u
tp
u
t
o
f
is
n
o
t
u
s
ed
.
T
h
e
s
ec
o
n
d
an
d
th
e
r
est
o
u
tp
u
t
s
o
f
t
h
e
h
av
e
b
ee
n
co
n
n
ec
ted
to
th
e
in
p
u
t
s
o
f
th
e
q
u
o
tien
t
r
eg
is
ter
th
r
o
u
g
h
t
h
e
lo
g
ic
g
ates
6
,
s
tar
tin
g
f
r
o
m
t
h
e
h
ig
h
-
d
ig
it
.
T
h
e
b
in
ar
y
co
d
e
f
r
o
m
is
f
ed
in
to
th
e
q
u
o
tie
n
t
r
eg
i
s
te
r
,
as
th
er
e
is
a
s
ig
n
al
“
1
”
f
r
o
m
th
e
ca
r
r
y
o
u
tp
u
t
o
f
t
h
e
co
m
b
in
a
t
o
r
ial
ad
d
e
r
o
n
th
e
allo
w
in
g
in
p
u
t
s
6
.
“
1
”
is
w
r
itte
n
in
to
t
h
e
m
o
s
t
s
ig
n
i
f
ica
n
t b
it o
f
t
h
e
q
u
o
tien
t r
eg
is
ter
.
T
h
e
co
n
ten
t o
f
th
e
q
u
o
tien
t r
eg
i
s
ter
b
ec
o
m
es 1
0
….
0
.
T
h
e
ca
r
r
y
s
ig
n
al
“
1
”
f
r
o
m
th
e
m
o
s
t
s
i
g
n
i
f
ica
n
t
b
it
o
f
t
h
e
co
m
b
i
n
at
io
n
al
ad
d
er
also
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r
iv
e
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at
t
h
e
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n
g
in
p
u
ts
2
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d
,
w
it
h
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e
ar
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iv
al
o
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th
e
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ir
s
t
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c
k
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u
ls
e
d
elay
ed
b
y
t
h
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y
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m
e
n
t
2
,
allo
w
s
th
e
tr
an
s
f
er
1
th
r
o
u
g
h
th
e
2
to
th
e
in
p
u
t
o
f
t
h
e
lo
g
ic
g
ates
.
T
h
e
p
r
ev
io
u
s
r
e
m
ain
d
er
0
(
0
=
)
in
is
r
ep
lace
d
b
y
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e
r
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ed
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em
ai
n
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er
1
.
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h
e
f
ir
s
t
clo
ck
p
u
ls
e
d
elay
ed
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e
n
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2
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ar
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th
e
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n
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u
t
s
h
i
f
t
o
f
th
e
r
eg
i
s
ter
,
s
h
i
f
ti
n
g
th
e
i
n
cr
ea
s
ed
d
iv
is
o
r
(
×
2
)
to
r
ig
h
t
b
y
o
n
e
b
it,
r
ed
u
cin
g
it
b
y
h
a
lf
,
is
o
b
tain
i
n
g
(
×
2
−
1
)
.
T
h
u
s
,
th
e
co
n
te
n
t
s
o
f
th
e
r
eg
is
ter
an
d
th
e
r
eg
is
ter
ar
e
p
r
ep
ar
e
d
f
o
r
th
e
n
ex
t d
i
v
is
io
n
s
tep
.
Fu
r
t
h
er
,
th
e
o
p
er
atio
n
o
f
t
h
e
d
ev
ice
is
ca
r
r
ied
o
u
t
s
i
m
ilar
l
y
.
A
t
ea
ch
−
ℎ
ite
r
atio
n
,
t
h
e
d
i
v
is
o
r
f
r
o
m
t
h
e
r
e
g
is
ter
is
s
u
p
p
lied
to
th
e
f
ir
s
t
i
n
p
u
t
s
o
f
t
h
e
co
m
p
ar
ato
r
cir
c
u
it
,
th
e
n
u
m
b
er
f
r
o
m
th
e
r
eg
is
ter
(
−
1
)
is
r
ec
eiv
ed
to
th
e
s
ec
o
n
d
in
p
u
t
s
o
f
t
h
e
co
m
p
ar
ato
r
cir
cu
it
.
I
n
th
is
w
a
y
,
−
1
<
o
r
−
1
≥
is
d
eter
m
i
n
ed
.
I
f
−
1
<
,
a
s
ig
n
al
eq
u
al
to
“
1
”
(
s
i
g
n
al
)
is
g
e
n
er
at
ed
at
th
e
o
u
tp
u
t
o
f
th
e
co
m
p
ar
ato
r
cir
cu
it
.
T
h
is
s
i
g
n
a
l is
s
en
t to
t
h
e
al
lo
w
in
g
i
n
p
u
ts
7
an
d
5
,
w
h
ic
h
a
llo
w
s
to
o
u
tp
u
t
th
e
q
u
o
tie
n
t
t
h
r
o
u
g
h
th
e
7
f
r
o
m
th
e
q
u
o
tie
n
t
r
eg
i
s
ter
to
th
e
o
u
tp
u
t
a
n
d
o
u
tp
u
t
t
h
e
r
e
m
ain
d
er
−
1
th
r
o
u
g
h
th
e
5
f
r
o
m
t
h
e
r
eg
i
s
ter
to
th
e
o
u
tp
u
t.
T
h
is
s
i
g
n
al
r
ese
ts
tr
i
g
g
er
(
p
ass
ag
e
o
f
t
h
e
clo
ck
s
i
g
n
al
i
s
p
r
o
h
ib
ited
)
,
th
e
f
o
r
m
a
tio
n
o
f
a
q
u
o
tien
t,
an
d
a
r
e
m
ai
n
d
er
is
co
m
p
lete.
I
f
−
1
≥
,
th
e
co
m
p
ar
ato
r
cir
cu
it
g
en
er
ates
a
s
ig
n
al
eq
u
al
to
“
0
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an
d
th
e
p
r
o
ce
s
s
co
n
tin
u
e
s
.
Si
m
u
lta
n
eo
u
s
l
y
,
t
h
e
co
m
b
i
n
ati
o
n
al
ad
d
er
r
ec
eiv
es
th
e
n
u
m
b
er
−
1
f
r
o
m
r
eg
i
s
ter
at
its
f
ir
s
t
i
n
p
u
ts
,
an
d
to
its
s
ec
o
n
d
in
p
u
ts
t
h
e
i
n
v
er
ted
co
d
e
×
2
−
f
r
o
m
th
e
i
n
v
er
ted
o
u
tp
u
ts
o
f
s
h
if
t
r
e
g
is
ter
.
“
1
”
is
f
ed
to
th
e
th
ir
d
in
p
u
t
o
f
t
h
e
least
s
ig
n
if
ican
t
b
it
o
f
t
h
e
co
m
b
in
atio
n
al
ad
d
er
.
Su
b
tr
ac
tio
n
is
i
m
p
le
m
en
te
d
u
s
i
n
g
an
ad
d
itio
n
al
co
d
e,
f
o
r
m
ed
th
e
r
em
ai
n
d
er
=
−
1
−
(
×
2
−
)
.
−
1
≥
(
×
2
−
)
o
r
n
o
t,
is
d
eter
m
in
ed
b
y
t
h
e
v
al
u
e
o
f
t
h
e
ca
r
r
y
s
i
g
n
al
f
r
o
m
th
e
m
o
s
t
s
ig
n
i
f
ican
t b
it o
f
th
e
co
m
b
i
n
atio
n
al
ad
d
er
.
I
f
−
1
is
less
t
h
an
×
2
−
,
th
e
ca
r
r
y
s
i
g
n
al
f
r
o
m
t
h
e
h
ig
h
b
it
o
f
th
e
co
m
b
i
n
atio
n
a
l
ad
d
er
eq
u
als
“
0
”
an
d
th
e
r
ec
eiv
ed
n
eg
at
i
v
e
r
e
m
ai
n
d
er
w
ill
n
o
t
b
e
u
s
ed
.
Oth
er
w
i
s
e
(
−
1
≥
(
×
2
−
)
)
a
ca
r
r
y
s
ig
n
al
eq
u
al
to
“
1
”
is
g
en
er
at
ed
f
r
o
m
th
e
h
i
g
h
b
it
o
f
th
e
co
m
b
in
at
io
n
al
ad
d
er
A
d
d
,
an
d
t
h
e
r
ec
eiv
ed
p
o
s
iti
v
e
r
e
m
ain
d
er
w
ill b
e
u
s
ed
.
W
ith
o
u
t
d
ela
y
,
t
h
e
−
ℎ
clo
ck
p
u
ls
e
t
h
r
o
u
g
h
t
h
e
1
is
f
ed
to
th
e
clo
ck
p
u
l
s
e
co
u
n
ter
,
in
cr
ea
s
i
n
g
its
v
al
u
e
b
y
“
1
”.
T
h
e
b
in
ar
y
n
u
m
b
er
f
r
o
m
th
e
co
u
n
ter
o
u
tp
u
t
is
i
n
p
u
t
to
th
e
d
e
co
d
er
.
A
t
th
e
(
+
1
)
−
ℎ
o
u
tp
u
t
o
f
th
e
d
ec
o
d
er
,
w
h
ic
h
is
co
n
n
ec
ted
to
t
h
e
−
ℎ
lef
t
d
i
g
it
o
f
th
e
q
u
o
tien
t
r
eg
i
s
ter
th
r
o
u
g
h
6
,
g
e
n
er
ates
a
s
ig
n
al
“
1
”.
I
f
t
h
e
r
e
m
ain
d
er
o
f
is
n
eg
ati
v
e,
th
e
n
t
h
e
−
ℎ
d
ig
it
o
f
th
e
r
eg
is
ter
r
em
ai
n
s
eq
u
al
to
“
0
”
,
s
in
ce
th
er
e
is
n
o
s
ig
n
al
“
1
”
f
r
o
m
t
h
e
o
u
tp
u
t
o
f
t
h
e
co
m
b
i
n
atio
n
a
l
ad
d
er
at
th
e
en
ab
li
n
g
i
n
p
u
t
s
o
f
6
.
I
f
r
e
m
ain
d
er
is
p
o
s
itiv
e,
in
th
e
−
ℎ
d
ig
it
o
f
th
e
r
eg
i
s
ter
is
s
et
to
“
1
”
b
ec
au
s
e
at
th
e
allo
w
i
n
g
i
n
p
u
t
s
o
f
6
h
as
s
i
g
n
al
“
1
”
f
r
o
m
t
h
e
o
u
tp
u
t
o
f
t
h
e
co
m
b
in
at
io
n
al
ad
d
er
an
d
ar
r
iv
e
s
s
ig
n
al
“
1
”
f
r
o
m
t
h
e
(
+
1
)
o
u
tp
u
t
o
f
.
T
h
is
s
a
m
e
−
ℎ
clo
ck
p
u
ls
e,
p
a
s
s
i
n
g
t
h
r
o
u
g
h
t
h
e
d
ela
y
ele
m
e
n
t
2
,
ar
r
iv
es
at
th
e
allo
w
in
g
in
p
u
ts
2
.
Sin
ce
th
e
s
ec
o
n
d
allo
w
in
g
in
p
u
ts
2
r
ec
eiv
e
a
ca
r
r
y
s
i
g
n
al
f
r
o
m
th
e
m
o
s
t
s
ig
n
i
f
ica
n
t
b
it
o
f
th
e
co
m
b
i
n
atio
n
al
ad
d
er
e
q
u
al
to
“
1
”,
th
en
th
e
tr
an
s
f
er
o
f
th
e
r
e
m
ain
d
er
f
r
o
m
t
h
e
o
u
tp
u
ts
o
f
t
h
e
co
m
b
in
atio
n
a
l
ad
d
er
th
r
o
u
g
h
i
n
f
o
r
m
atio
n
i
n
p
u
ts
2
an
d
to
th
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in
p
u
ts
o
f
th
e
r
e
g
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ter
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w
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T
h
e
r
e
m
ai
n
d
er
is
w
r
i
tten
to
t
h
e
r
eg
is
ter
(
i
n
s
tead
o
f
th
e
p
r
ev
io
u
s
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
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r
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h
e
s
a
m
e
clo
ck
p
u
ls
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r
o
m
t
h
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u
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t
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p
u
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ter
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f
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th
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th
e
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ig
h
t
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y
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n
e
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ig
it,
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al
v
i
n
g
it
.
T
h
e
co
n
ten
ts
o
f
t
h
e
r
eg
is
ter
an
d
th
e
r
eg
i
s
ter
R
GA
ar
e
p
r
e
p
ar
ed
f
o
r
th
e
(
+
1
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−
ℎ
d
iv
is
io
n
s
tep
.
T
h
e
p
r
o
ce
s
s
co
n
tin
u
es
u
n
til
t
h
e
n
e
x
t
r
e
m
ain
d
er
is
le
s
s
t
h
an
.
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h
e
clo
ck
p
u
ls
e
d
ela
y
ti
m
e
o
n
t
h
e
d
ela
y
ele
m
e
n
t
2
m
u
s
t
b
e
e
q
u
al
to
th
e
to
tal
ti
m
e
o
f
o
p
er
atio
n
o
f
th
e
co
u
n
ter
,
d
ec
o
d
er
,
an
d
b
lo
ck
o
f
lo
g
ic
g
ates
6
s
o
th
at
i
n
th
e
r
e
g
is
ter
r
em
ai
n
d
er
is
w
r
itte
n
a
f
ter
th
e
f
o
r
m
at
io
n
o
f
th
e
i
-
th
d
ig
it
f
o
r
q
u
o
tien
t
i
n
R
GQ
.
T
h
e
q
u
o
tien
t
r
eg
i
s
ter
i
s
b
u
ilt
o
n
-
tr
ig
g
er
s
,
s
o
th
e
ar
r
iv
al
o
f
“
0
”
s
ig
n
al
s
f
r
o
m
t
h
e
d
ec
o
d
er
o
u
tp
u
ts
d
o
es
n
o
t
r
eset
to
“
0
”
t
h
e
b
its
w
h
er
e
a
“
1
”
w
a
s
f
o
r
m
ed
in
p
r
ev
io
u
s
d
iv
is
io
n
s
t
ep
s
.
On
ea
ch
−
ℎ
clo
ck
p
u
ls
e,
if
t
h
er
e
is
a
ca
r
r
y
s
i
g
n
al
“
1
”
f
r
o
m
th
e
h
ig
h
d
ig
it
o
f
th
e
co
m
b
i
n
ati
o
n
al
ad
d
er
,
th
e
n
ex
t
p
o
s
iti
v
e
r
e
m
a
in
d
er
is
w
r
itte
n
f
r
o
m
t
h
e
o
u
tp
u
ts
o
f
t
h
e
co
m
b
i
n
atio
n
a
l
ad
d
er
to
th
e
r
eg
is
ter
.
r
ep
lace
s
th
e
p
r
ev
io
u
s
r
e
m
ai
n
d
er
−
1
.
Si
m
u
ltan
eo
u
s
l
y
,
th
e
v
alu
e
o
f
×
2
−
in
s
h
i
f
t
r
e
g
is
ter
is
s
h
i
f
ted
b
y
o
n
e
b
it
to
t
h
e
r
i
g
h
t.
T
h
er
ef
o
r
e,
th
e
d
ela
y
ti
m
e
o
f
t
h
e
s
ig
n
al
o
n
t
h
e
d
ela
y
ele
m
en
t
1
to
s
et
t
h
e
tr
ig
g
er
to
th
e
“
1
”
s
t
ate,
allo
w
i
n
g
t
h
e
p
ass
a
g
e
o
f
cl
o
ck
p
u
ls
e
s
,
an
d
t
h
e
p
er
io
d
o
f
clo
ck
p
u
l
s
es,
m
u
s
t
ex
ce
ed
th
e
s
u
m
o
f
t
h
e
ti
m
e
th
e
s
ig
n
al
p
ass
e
s
th
r
o
u
g
h
th
e
b
l
o
ck
o
f
lo
g
ical
g
ates
2
(
3
)
,
,
6
,
w
r
ite
ti
m
e
i
n
t
h
e
r
eg
is
ter
an
d
s
u
b
tr
ac
tio
n
ti
m
e
o
n
t
h
e
co
m
b
i
n
atio
n
al
ad
d
er
.
T
h
e
ti
m
e
o
f
w
r
i
tin
g
d
i
v
is
o
r
in
t
h
e
r
eg
i
s
ter
s
an
d
an
d
t
h
e
s
h
i
f
t
ti
m
e
o
f
v
al
u
e
×
2
−
in
th
e
s
h
i
f
t
r
eg
is
ter
in
t
h
e
n
e
x
t
s
tep
s
o
f
t
h
e
d
i
v
id
in
g
,
h
a
s
n
o
t
b
ee
n
co
n
s
id
er
ed
.
T
h
is
i
s
b
e
ca
u
s
e
t
h
e
ti
m
e
w
r
iti
n
g
an
d
s
h
i
f
t
in
g
co
in
cid
e
w
it
h
t
h
e
s
ig
n
al
ti
m
e
p
ass
a
g
e
th
r
o
u
g
h
t
h
e
b
lo
ck
s
o
f
lo
g
ic
g
a
tes
2
(
3
)
an
d
an
d
th
e
w
r
iti
n
g
o
f
d
iv
i
d
en
d
at
th
e
r
eg
is
ter
.
T
h
e
o
p
er
atio
n
ti
m
e
o
f
th
e
co
m
p
ar
a
to
r
cir
cu
it
is
n
o
t
c
o
n
s
id
er
ed
s
in
ce
it
p
er
f
o
r
m
s
th
e
co
m
p
ar
i
n
g
s
i
m
u
lta
n
e
o
u
s
l
y
w
ith
t
h
e
s
u
b
tr
ac
tio
n
o
p
er
atio
n
o
n
th
e
co
m
b
i
n
atio
n
al
ad
d
er
.
3.
RE
SU
L
T
S
AND
D
I
SCU
SS
I
O
N
E
m
p
ir
ical
v
alid
atio
n
o
f
t
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
m
et
h
o
d
an
d
its
h
ar
d
w
a
r
e
i
m
p
le
m
e
n
tatio
n
w
as c
ar
r
ied
o
u
t u
s
i
n
g
s
p
ec
if
ic
e
x
a
m
p
le
s
an
d
b
elo
w
c
o
n
s
id
er
ed
t
w
o
ex
a
m
p
les o
f
p
er
f
o
r
m
i
n
g
t
h
e
d
iv
is
io
n
o
p
er
atio
n
s
tep
-
by
-
s
tep
.
3
.
1
.
E
x
a
m
p
le
1
T
h
e
lar
g
est
p
o
s
s
ib
le
n
u
m
b
er
h
as
a
b
it
ca
p
ac
it
y
o
f
=
7
,
an
d
th
e
d
iv
is
o
r
h
as
a
b
it
ca
p
ac
it
y
o
f
=
4
.
I
n
th
is
ca
s
e,
th
e
b
it
ca
p
ac
it
y
o
f
th
e
r
eg
is
ter
s
,
an
d
th
e
co
m
b
in
atio
n
a
l
ad
d
er
eq
u
al
=
7
.
T
h
e
b
it
ca
p
ac
ity
o
f
t
h
e
r
eg
i
s
ter
is
=
4
,
=
7
−
4
=
3
,
th
e
b
it
ca
p
ac
ity
o
f
th
e
co
u
n
ter
eq
u
al
=
2
(
3
)
+
1
=
3
.
T
h
e
in
co
m
p
lete
d
ec
o
d
er
h
a
s
th
r
ee
in
p
u
ts
,
b
u
t
t
h
e
n
u
m
b
e
r
o
f
u
s
ed
o
u
tp
u
t
s
o
f
th
e
d
ec
o
d
er
is
f
o
u
r
(
o
u
tp
u
ts
f
r
o
m
th
e
s
ec
o
n
d
to
th
e
f
i
f
t
h
)
.
T
h
e
q
u
o
tien
t
r
eg
is
ter
h
as
a
b
it
ca
p
ac
ity
o
f
+
1
=
4
.
A
=1
1
0
10
=1
1
0
1
1
1
0
2
,
B
=9
10
=1
0
0
1
2
,
B
×2
k
=
B×
2
3
=
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
2
.
A
t
t
h
e
S
ta
r
t
s
ig
n
al,
th
e
b
in
ar
y
co
d
e
A
(
n
u
m
b
er
1
1
0
1
1
1
0
)
is
w
r
itte
n
to
th
e
r
eg
is
ter
R
GA
,
th
e
b
in
ar
y
co
d
e
o
f
th
e
d
iv
is
o
r
B
(
n
u
m
b
er
1
0
0
1
)
is
w
r
itte
n
to
th
e
r
eg
is
ter
R
GB
,
an
d
B
×2
3
(
n
u
m
b
er
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
)
is
w
r
itte
n
to
th
e
s
h
if
t
r
eg
is
ter
R
GS
.
I
n
th
e
co
m
p
ar
ato
r
cir
cu
it
C
o
mp
,
th
e
n
u
m
b
er
s
f
r
o
m
th
e
r
eg
is
ter
R
GA
an
d
th
e
r
eg
is
ter
R
GB
ar
e
c
o
m
p
ar
ed
b
it
b
y
b
it.
W
h
en
co
m
p
ar
in
g
,
t
h
e
alig
n
m
en
t
is
b
ased
o
n
th
e
lo
w
-
o
r
d
er
b
its
,
i.e
.
,
n
u
m
b
er
s
1
1
0
1
1
1
0
an
d
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
ar
e
co
m
p
ar
ed
.
Si
n
ce
1
1
0
1
1
1
0
>0
0
0
1
0
0
1
(
A
>B
)
,
th
e
p
r
o
ce
s
s
co
n
ti
n
u
e
s
.
A
t
th
e
s
a
m
e
ti
m
e,
t
h
e
co
m
b
in
a
tio
n
al
ad
d
er
A
d
d
p
e
r
f
o
r
m
s
t
h
e
s
u
b
tr
ac
tio
n
R
1
=A
-
(
B
×2
3
)
:
R
1
=1
1
0
1
1
1
0
-
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
=1
1
0
1
1
1
0
+0
1
1
0
1
1
1
+1
low
-
order
dig
it
=(
1
)
0
1
0
0
1
1
0
(
1
)
in
d
icate
s
t
h
e
ca
r
r
y
s
i
g
n
a
l
o
u
t
f
r
o
m
th
e
m
o
s
t
s
i
g
n
i
f
ica
n
t
b
it
o
f
t
h
e
ad
d
er
.
T
h
e
r
em
ai
n
d
er
is
p
o
s
itiv
e.
T
h
e
ca
r
r
y
s
i
g
n
al
is
p
er
m
i
s
s
i
v
e,
a
s
it
is
eq
u
al
to
(
1
)
.
T
h
e
r
esu
l
tin
g
r
e
m
ai
n
d
er
R
1
w
ill
b
e
u
s
ed
.
T
h
e
s
a
m
e
S
ta
r
t
s
i
g
n
a
l
w
it
h
a
d
ela
y
,
s
in
ce
i
t
p
ass
e
s
th
r
o
u
g
h
t
h
e
d
ela
y
ele
m
e
n
t
DL1
,
w
ill
s
et
t
h
e
t
r
ig
g
er
T
to
th
e
“
1
”
s
tate.
Sin
ce
tr
i
g
g
er
T
is
s
et
to
“
1
”,
th
e
f
ir
s
t
clo
c
k
p
u
l
s
e
is
s
en
t
to
th
e
i
n
p
u
t
o
f
th
e
co
u
n
ter
CT
th
r
o
u
g
h
A
N
D1
.
T
h
e
co
n
ten
t
o
f
th
e
co
u
n
ter
CT
b
ec
o
m
es
0
0
1
.
C
o
d
e
0
0
1
is
in
p
u
t
to
th
e
d
ec
o
d
er
DC
,
g
e
n
er
ati
n
g
a
“
1
”
s
ig
n
al
at
t
h
e
s
ec
o
n
d
o
u
tp
u
t
o
f
t
h
e
d
ec
o
d
er
.
T
h
is
“
1
”
t
h
r
o
u
g
h
A
N
D6
i
s
w
r
iti
n
g
to
t
h
e
f
i
r
s
t
h
i
g
h
b
it
o
f
t
h
e
q
u
o
tien
t
r
eg
is
ter
R
GQ
,
s
in
ce
o
n
th
e
allo
w
in
g
in
p
u
ts
o
f
A
N
D
6
is
p
r
esen
t
a
ca
r
r
y
s
ig
n
al
(
1
)
f
r
o
m
th
e
h
i
g
h
b
it
o
f
th
e
co
m
b
i
n
atio
n
al
ad
d
er
A
d
d
.
As a
r
esu
lt,
t
h
e
co
n
te
n
t o
f
t
h
e
q
u
o
tien
t
R
GQ
r
eg
is
ter
b
ec
o
m
e
s
1
0
0
0
.
T
h
e
f
ir
s
t
clo
ck
p
u
ls
e
en
ter
s
th
e
allo
w
i
n
g
i
n
p
u
t
s
o
f
A
N
D2
th
r
o
u
g
h
d
ela
y
D
L2
.
T
h
e
s
ec
o
n
d
allo
w
i
n
g
in
p
u
t
s
o
f
A
N
D2
r
ec
ei
v
es
a
p
er
m
is
s
i
v
e
ca
r
r
y
s
i
g
n
al
(
1
)
f
r
o
m
t
h
e
h
ig
h
d
i
g
it
o
f
t
h
e
co
m
b
in
at
i
o
n
al
ad
d
er
A
d
d
.
So
th
e
ca
lcu
lated
r
e
m
ai
n
d
er
R
1
f
r
o
m
th
e
co
m
b
i
n
atio
n
al
ad
d
er
A
d
d
th
r
o
u
g
h
t
h
e
A
N
D2
an
d
OR
is
w
r
iti
n
g
to
r
eg
is
ter
R
GA
.
T
h
is
ca
u
s
es
t
h
e
R
GA
r
eg
is
ter
v
alu
e
to
ch
an
g
e
to
0
1
0
0
1
1
0
.
Sim
u
lta
n
eo
u
s
l
y
,
th
e
f
ir
s
t
del
a
y
ed
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
T
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o
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u
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tr
o
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Hig
h
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s
p
ee
d
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ivid
i
n
g
d
ev
ice
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i
th
th
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fo
r
ma
tio
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o
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h
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clo
ck
p
u
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as
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ough
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ay
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e
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ent
D
L2,
shi
f
t
s
t
he
cont
ent
s
of
t
he
R
G
S
s
hi
f
t
r
egi
st
er
t
o
t
he
r
i
ght
b
y
one bi
t
.
I
n
th
e
r
eg
i
s
te
r
R
GS
,
B
×2
3
is
h
alv
ed
an
d
b
ec
o
m
e
s
eq
u
al
to
B
×2
2
=0
1
0
0
1
0
0
.
T
h
e
p
r
o
ce
s
s
is
r
e
p
ea
ted
.
I
n
t
h
e
co
m
p
ar
ato
r
cir
cu
it
C
o
mp
co
m
p
ar
es
t
h
e
n
u
m
b
er
s
f
r
o
m
t
h
e
r
eg
is
ter
R
GA
an
d
th
e
r
eg
is
ter
R
GB
:
0
1
0
0
1
1
0
an
d
1
0
0
1
.
Sin
ce
0
1
0
0
1
1
0
is
g
r
ea
ter
th
an
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
(
R
1
>B
)
,
th
e
p
r
o
ce
s
s
co
n
tin
u
es.
A
t t
h
e
s
a
m
e
ti
m
e,
s
u
b
tr
ac
tio
n
is
p
er
f
o
r
m
ed
o
n
th
e
co
m
b
i
n
atio
n
a
l a
d
d
er
A
d
d
:
R
2
= R
1
-
(
B
×2
2
)
.
T
h
e
r
esu
lt is
R
2
=
0
1
0
0
1
1
0
-
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
=
0
1
0
0
1
1
0
+
1
0
1
1
0
1
1
+
1
low
-
order
dig
it
=
(
1
)
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
.
T
h
e
(
1
)
in
d
icate
s
th
e
ca
r
r
y
s
i
g
n
al
o
u
t
f
r
o
m
t
h
e
m
o
s
t
s
i
g
n
i
f
ican
t
b
it
o
f
th
e
ad
d
er
.
T
h
e
r
e
m
ai
n
d
er
is
p
o
s
itiv
e.
T
h
e
ca
r
r
y
s
ig
n
al
is
p
e
r
m
i
s
s
iv
e
b
ec
a
u
s
e
it i
s
eq
u
al
to
(
1
)
.
T
h
e
r
esu
ltin
g
r
e
m
ai
n
d
er
o
f
R
2
w
ill b
e
u
s
ed
.
T
h
e
s
ec
o
n
d
clo
ck
p
u
l
s
e
is
s
u
p
p
lied
to
th
e
in
p
u
t
o
f
th
e
CT
c
o
u
n
ter
t
h
r
o
u
g
h
th
e
A
N
D1
.
C
o
u
n
ter
CT
i
s
s
et
to
0
1
0
.
T
h
is
v
alu
e
(
0
1
0
)
is
r
ec
eiv
ed
at
th
e
in
p
u
t
o
f
th
e
DC
,
r
esu
lti
n
g
i
n
a
“
1
”
s
ig
n
al
at
th
e
th
ir
d
o
u
tp
u
t
o
f
DC
.
Sig
n
al
f
r
o
m
o
u
tp
u
t
DC
,
b
y
t
h
e
ca
r
r
y
en
ab
le
s
ig
n
al
(
1
)
f
r
o
m
th
e
h
i
g
h
d
ig
it
o
f
t
h
e
co
m
b
in
at
io
n
al
ad
d
er
A
d
d
,
is
w
r
iti
n
g
to
th
e
s
ec
o
n
d
b
it
o
f
th
e
r
e
g
is
ter
q
u
o
tie
n
t
R
GQ
.
As
a
r
es
u
lt,
t
h
e
co
n
te
n
t
o
f
th
e
q
u
o
tien
t
R
G
Q
r
eg
is
ter
b
ec
o
m
es 1
1
0
0
.
T
h
e
s
ec
o
n
d
clo
ck
p
u
ls
e
th
at
p
ass
es
th
r
o
u
g
h
th
e
d
ela
y
DL
2
ar
r
iv
es
at
th
e
allo
w
i
n
g
in
p
u
ts
o
f
th
e
A
N
D2
.
T
h
e
s
ec
o
n
d
allo
w
in
g
in
p
u
t
s
o
f
th
e
A
N
D2
r
ec
eiv
e
a
p
er
m
i
s
s
i
v
e
ca
r
r
y
s
ig
n
al
(
1
)
f
r
o
m
t
h
e
h
i
g
h
d
ig
it
o
f
th
e
co
m
b
i
n
atio
n
al
ad
d
er
A
d
d
.
T
h
e
in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
in
p
u
ts
o
f
t
h
e
A
N
D2
r
ec
eiv
e
th
e
ca
lcu
la
ted
r
e
m
ain
d
er
R
2
f
r
o
m
th
e
o
u
tp
u
t
o
f
th
e
co
m
b
in
at
io
n
al
ad
d
er
A
d
d
.
T
h
e
r
em
a
in
d
e
r
o
f
R
2
p
ass
es
th
r
o
u
g
h
t
h
e
b
lo
ck
s
o
f
lo
g
ic
g
ate
s
A
N
D
2
an
d
th
e
OR
a
n
d
is
w
r
ite
to
th
e
r
eg
is
ter
R
GA
.
T
h
e
v
alu
e
o
f
th
e
r
eg
i
s
ter
R
GA
ch
a
n
g
e
s
to
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
.
T
h
e
p
r
o
ce
s
s
is
r
ep
ea
ted
.
T
h
e
co
m
p
ar
ato
r
cir
cu
it
C
o
mp
co
m
p
ar
es
th
e
n
u
m
b
er
s
i
n
th
e
r
eg
i
s
ter
s
R
GA
an
d
th
e
R
GB
:
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
an
d
1
0
0
1
.
Sin
ce
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
<
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
(
R
2
<B
)
,
th
e
co
m
p
ar
ato
r
cir
cu
it
C
o
mp
g
en
er
ate
s
a
p
r
o
ce
s
s
en
d
s
ig
n
al.
T
h
is
s
ig
n
a
l
r
esets
t
h
e
T
tr
ig
g
er
to
th
e
ze
r
o
s
tate
(
p
r
o
h
ib
itin
g
t
h
e
p
ass
a
g
e
o
f
clo
ck
p
u
ls
e
s
f
r
o
m
t
h
e
GC
LC
(
Gen
era
to
r
C
lo
ck
Lo
g
iC
)
)
a
n
d
g
o
es
to
t
h
e
en
ab
li
n
g
i
n
p
u
ts
o
f
t
h
e
A
N
D5
an
d
A
N
D7
.
T
h
e
d
iv
is
io
n
i
s
co
m
p
leted
,
th
e
r
e
m
ai
n
d
er
is
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
2
=2
10
,
an
d
th
e
q
u
o
tien
t
is
1
1
0
0
2
=1
2
10
.
T
h
e
ca
lcu
latio
n
w
as
co
r
r
ec
t
b
ec
au
s
e
1
1
0
/9
leav
es
a
r
e
m
ai
n
d
er
o
f
2
an
d
t
h
e
q
u
o
tie
n
t
i
s
1
2
.
I
t
to
o
k
t
w
o
clo
ck
p
u
ls
es
to
co
m
p
lete
t
h
e
d
iv
is
io
n
.
3
.
2
.
E
x
a
m
p
le
2
Fo
r
g
r
ea
ter
clar
it
y
,
co
n
s
id
er
th
e
ex
a
m
p
le
o
f
o
p
er
atio
n
o
f
t
h
e
d
iv
id
in
g
d
ev
ice
w
it
h
th
e
f
o
r
m
atio
n
o
f
th
e
q
u
o
tien
t
an
d
r
e
m
ai
n
d
er
w
it
h
an
illu
s
tr
atio
n
in
b
o
th
th
e
d
ec
i
m
al
an
d
b
in
ar
y
n
u
m
b
er
s
y
s
te
m
s
.
A
=9
1
6
10
=1
1
1
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
2,
m
=1
0
,
B
=4
5
10
=1
0
1
1
0
1
2
,
j
=6
,
k
=
1
0
-
6
=4
.
I
n
th
is
ca
s
e,
th
e
r
eg
is
ter
R
GA
an
d
th
e
s
h
i
f
t
r
eg
is
ter
R
GS
h
av
e
a
b
it
ca
p
ac
it
y
o
f
1
0
,
th
e
r
eg
is
ter
R
GB
h
as
a
b
it
ca
p
a
city
o
f
6
.
T
h
er
ef
o
r
e,
k
=
1
0
-
6
=4
.
T
h
e
q
u
o
tien
t
r
eg
i
s
ter
R
GQ
h
as
a
b
it
ca
p
ac
ity
o
f
(
k
+1
)
=5
,
an
d
th
e
CT
clo
ck
p
u
l
s
e
co
u
n
ter
h
as
a
b
it
ca
p
ac
ity
o
f
l
og
2
(
4
)
+
1
=
3
.
B
×2
k
=B
×2
4
=7
2
0
10
,
B
×2
k
-
1
=B
×2
3
=3
6
0
10
,
B
×2
k
-
2
=B
×2
2
=1
8
0
10
,
B
×2
k
-
3
=P
×2
1
=9
0
10
,
B
×2
k
-
4
=B
×2
0
=4
5
10.
T
ab
le
1
s
h
o
w
s
w
h
at
w
il
l
h
ap
p
en
in
d
ev
ice
w
h
en
ea
c
h
i
-
th
clo
ck
p
u
ls
e
a
n
d
i
-
th
d
elay
ed
clo
ck
p
u
ls
e
ar
r
iv
es.
Fo
r
g
r
ea
ter
clar
it
y
,
t
h
e
v
alu
e
s
o
f
t
h
e
r
eg
i
s
ter
s
(
R
G
A
,
R
GB
,
R
GS
)
an
d
r
em
ain
d
er
R
i
,
ac
tio
n
s
o
n
t
h
e
C
o
mp
co
m
p
ar
ato
r
cir
cu
it,
an
d
th
e
ad
d
er
A
d
d
at
ea
ch
ca
lcu
l
atio
n
s
tep
w
h
en
p
er
f
o
r
m
i
n
g
a
d
iv
is
io
n
o
p
er
atio
n
ar
e
g
iv
e
n
in
T
ab
le
1
in
d
ec
i
m
a
l n
u
m
b
er
s
y
s
te
m
.
Fo
r
a
b
etter
u
n
d
er
s
tan
d
i
n
g
o
f
t
h
e
p
r
o
ce
s
s
,
t
h
e
v
alu
e
s
o
f
t
h
e
q
u
o
tien
t
r
eg
i
s
ter
R
GQ
,
t
h
e
co
u
n
ter
CT
a
t
ea
ch
s
tep
o
f
d
iv
is
io
n
o
p
er
atio
n
ar
e
g
iv
en
i
n
T
ab
le
1
in
d
ec
i
m
al
an
d
b
in
ar
y
n
u
m
b
er
s
y
s
te
m
s
.
T
h
e
v
alu
es
t
h
e
ca
r
r
y
C
a
r
r
y
a
n
d
t
h
e
s
i
x
o
u
tp
u
t
s
o
f
t
h
e
i
n
co
m
p
lete
d
ec
o
d
er
DC
ar
e
g
i
v
e
n
in
T
ab
le
1
in
b
in
ar
y
n
u
m
b
er
s
y
s
te
m
.
T
h
e
f
ir
s
t o
u
tp
u
t o
f
th
e
d
ec
o
d
er
DC
is
n
o
t u
s
ed
an
d
i
s
in
d
icate
d
in
p
ar
en
th
ese
s
(
)
.
T
ab
le
1
.
P
r
o
ce
d
u
r
e
f
o
r
ca
lcu
la
tin
g
q
u
o
tien
t
Q
an
d
r
e
m
ai
n
d
er
R
S
t
e
p
s
RG
A
RG
B
RG
S
C
o
m
p
Ad
d
R
i
C
a
rr
y
CT
DC
RG
Q
S
t
a
r
t
9
1
6
45
7
2
0
9
1
6
>
4
5
9
1
6
-
720
1
9
6
1
0
10
=
0
0
0
2
(
1
)
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
2
=0
10
C
l
o
c
k
p
u
l
se
1
9
1
6
45
7
2
0
9
1
6
>
4
5
9
1
6
-
720
1
9
6
1
1
10
=
0
0
1
2
(
0
)
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
2
=
1
6
1
0
D
e
l
a
y
e
d
c
l
o
c
k
p
u
l
se
1
1
9
6
45
3
6
0
1
9
6
>
4
5
1
9
6
-
360
-
1
6
4
0
1
10
=
0
0
1
2
(
0
)
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
2
=
1
6
10
C
l
o
c
k
p
u
l
se
2
1
9
6
45
3
6
0
1
9
6
>
4
5
1
9
6
-
360
-
1
6
4
0
2
10
=
0
1
0
2
(
0
)
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
2
=
1
6
10
D
e
l
a
y
e
d
c
l
o
c
k
p
u
l
se
2
1
9
6
45
1
8
0
1
9
6
>
4
5
1
9
6
-
180
16
1
2
10
=
0
1
0
2
(
0
)
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
2
=
1
6
10
C
l
o
c
k
p
u
l
se
3
1
9
6
45
1
8
0
1
9
6
>
4
5
1
9
6
-
180
16
1
3
10
=
0
1
1
2
(
0
)
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
2
=
2
0
10
D
e
l
a
y
e
d
c
l
o
c
k
p
u
l
se
3
16
45
90
1
6
<
4
5
16
-
90
-
74
0
3
10
=
0
1
1
2
(
0
)
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
2
=
2
0
10
T
ab
le
1
s
h
o
w
s
th
at
w
ith
t
h
e
ar
r
iv
al
o
f
th
e
d
elay
ed
th
ir
d
clo
ck
p
u
ls
e,
th
e
r
e
m
ai
n
d
er
R
3
=
1
6
f
r
o
m
th
e
o
u
tp
u
t
o
f
t
h
e
co
m
b
i
n
atio
n
al
ad
d
er
A
d
d
is
w
r
itten
to
t
h
e
R
GA
.
T
h
e
r
em
ain
d
er
R
3
=
1
6
an
d
d
iv
is
o
r
B=
4
5
is
co
m
p
ar
ed
o
n
th
e
co
m
p
ar
ato
r
cir
cu
it
C
o
mp
.
Si
n
ce
1
6
<4
5
,
th
e
s
i
g
n
al
C
a
n
ce
l
i
s
g
e
n
er
ated
.
T
h
is
s
i
g
n
a
l r
eset
s
t
h
e
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
1
6
9
3
-
6930
T
E
L
KOM
NI
K
A
T
elec
o
m
m
u
n
C
o
m
p
u
t E
l
C
o
n
tr
o
l
,
Vo
l.
23
,
No
.
4
,
A
u
g
u
s
t
20
25
:
9
4
3
-
9
5
3
950
T
tr
ig
g
er
to
th
e
ze
r
o
s
tate,
p
r
o
h
ib
itin
g
th
e
p
ass
a
g
e
o
f
clo
ck
p
u
ls
e
s
f
r
o
m
th
e
G
C
L
C
an
d
th
e
p
r
o
ce
s
s
is
o
v
er
.
T
h
e
ca
lcu
lated
r
e
m
a
in
d
er
R
4
=
(
-
7
4
)
w
i
ll
n
o
t
b
e
u
s
ed
b
ec
au
s
e
th
er
e
i
s
n
o
c
lo
ck
p
u
ls
e
a
n
d
s
ig
n
al
C
a
r
r
y
=0
o
n
th
e
allo
w
i
n
g
in
p
u
ts
A
N
D2
.
T
h
e
s
ig
n
al
C
a
n
ce
l
allo
w
s
th
e
r
em
ai
n
d
er
R
3
f
r
o
m
r
eg
is
ter
R
GA
to
b
e
o
u
tp
u
t
to
th
e
R
ema
in
d
er
o
u
tp
u
t,
an
d
th
e
q
u
o
tien
t f
r
o
m
r
e
g
is
ter
R
GQ
to
th
e
Qu
o
tien
t
o
u
tp
u
t.
T
o
ch
ec
k
th
e
ac
cu
r
ac
y
o
f
co
r
r
ec
t
o
p
e
r
atio
n
o
f
th
e
d
ev
ice,
w
e
r
ef
er
to
T
ab
le
1
.
T
h
e
r
em
ain
d
er
R
is
eq
u
al
to
R
3
,
w
h
ich
i
s
1
6
10
=
1
0
0
0
0
2
in
th
is
ca
s
e,
a
n
d
th
e
q
u
o
ti
en
t f
r
o
m
th
e
d
i
v
is
io
n
is
Q
=2
0
10
=
1
0
1
0
0
2
.
Usi
n
g
th
ese
v
al
u
es a
n
d
t
h
e
d
iv
i
s
o
r
B
,
th
e
d
iv
id
en
d
A
ca
n
b
e
ca
lcu
lat
ed
:
A
=(
Q×B
)
+R
=
(
2
0
10
×4
5
10
)
+1
6
10
=9
0
0
10
+1
6
10
=9
1
6
10
.
T
h
e
d
iv
is
io
n
h
as
b
ee
n
p
er
f
o
r
m
ed
co
r
r
ec
tly
.
T
h
is
ex
a
m
p
l
e
d
em
o
n
s
tr
ates
th
at
it
to
o
k
th
r
ee
clo
ck
p
u
ls
es
to
f
o
r
m
a
q
u
o
tie
n
t
w
it
h
a
r
e
m
a
in
d
er
.
W
h
e
n
d
iv
id
i
n
g
b
y
t
h
e
m
et
h
o
d
w
ith
o
u
t
r
est
o
r
in
g
t
h
e
r
e
m
a
in
d
er
,
w
h
ic
h
r
eq
u
ir
es
m
i
n
i
m
al
h
ar
d
w
ar
e
co
s
ts
,
it
w
o
u
ld
ta
k
e
f
i
v
e
clo
ck
p
u
ls
e
s
s
in
ce
t
h
e
b
it
ca
p
ac
it
y
o
f
t
h
e
q
u
o
tien
t
is
f
i
v
e.
3.
3
.
Dis
cus
s
io
n
I
n
th
e
d
ev
elo
p
ed
d
iv
id
in
g
d
ev
i
ce
,
th
e
f
o
r
m
atio
n
o
f
t
h
e
q
u
o
tie
n
t
is
p
er
f
o
r
m
ed
s
i
m
u
lta
n
eo
u
s
l
y
w
it
h
th
e
f
o
r
m
atio
n
o
f
th
e
r
e
m
a
in
d
er
,
an
d
th
e
d
iv
i
s
io
n
ti
m
e
d
ep
en
d
s
o
n
th
e
r
atio
o
f
th
e
v
al
u
es
o
f
th
e
d
iv
id
en
d
A
an
d
th
e
d
iv
is
o
r
B.
I
f
th
e
q
u
o
tien
t
is
eq
u
al
to
2
i
,
th
en
to
o
b
tain
th
e
q
u
o
tien
t
w
i
th
a
r
e
m
ai
n
d
er
it
w
ill
ta
k
e
th
e
i
-
th
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
clo
ck
p
u
ls
e
s
.
I
f
t
h
e
q
u
o
tien
t
h
as
a
“
1
”
i
n
t
h
e
h
i
g
h
est
s
i
g
n
i
f
ica
n
t
d
i
g
it
a
n
d
th
e
r
e
m
ai
n
in
g
d
i
g
its
ar
e
“
0
”
(
1
0
0
.
.
.
0
)
,
th
en
th
e
m
i
n
i
m
u
m
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
clo
ck
p
u
l
s
es
i
s
r
eq
u
ir
ed
to
o
b
tai
n
th
e
q
u
o
tien
t
w
it
h
t
h
e
r
e
m
a
in
d
er
-
o
n
e
clo
ck
p
u
l
s
e.
T
h
e
m
a
x
i
m
u
m
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
clo
ck
p
u
l
s
es
r
eq
u
ir
ed
to
o
b
tain
a
q
u
o
tien
t
w
it
h
a
r
e
m
ai
n
d
er
is
(
k+1
)
,
w
h
er
e
(
k+1
)
is
b
it
ca
p
ac
it
y
o
f
q
u
o
tie
n
t.
On
a
v
er
ag
e,
it
tak
es
(
k+1
+1
)
/2
=
(
k/2
+1
)
clo
ck
p
u
ls
es
to
g
et
th
e
r
esu
l
t.
I
t
s
h
o
u
ld
b
e
n
o
ted
th
at
in
m
o
s
t
d
iv
i
s
io
n
s
c
h
e
m
es
w
it
h
o
p
ti
m
al
h
ar
d
w
ar
e
co
s
ts
,
t
h
e
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
clo
ck
c
y
cles r
eq
u
ir
ed
to
o
b
tain
th
e
q
u
o
tien
t (
w
i
th
o
u
t r
e
m
ai
n
d
er
)
is
(
k+1
).
T
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
m
et
h
o
d
an
d
th
e
d
ev
ice
f
o
r
its
i
m
p
le
m
e
n
ta
tio
n
ca
n
b
e
co
m
p
ar
ed
w
ith
h
ig
h
-
sp
ee
d
d
iv
is
io
n
w
ith
t
h
e
s
i
m
u
lta
n
eo
u
s
d
eter
m
in
a
tio
n
o
f
s
e
v
er
al
b
it
s
o
f
q
u
o
tien
t,
w
h
ic
h
r
eq
u
ir
es
m/p
clo
ck
c
y
cles
to
p
er
f
o
r
m
t
h
e
d
iv
is
io
n
o
p
er
atio
n
,
w
h
er
e
p
is
th
e
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
s
i
m
u
ltan
eo
u
s
l
y
d
eter
m
i
n
ed
b
its
o
f
q
u
o
tien
t,
m
-
b
it
ca
p
ac
it
y
o
f
d
i
v
id
en
d
.
I
n
t
h
is
ca
s
e
,
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
i
s
ac
h
iev
e
d
b
y
i
n
cr
ea
s
i
n
g
h
ar
d
w
ar
e
co
s
ts
.
T
h
e
lar
g
er
p
,
th
e
less
clo
c
k
p
u
ls
e
s
ar
e
r
eq
u
ir
ed
,
b
u
t
th
e
m
o
r
e
ad
d
itio
n
al
cir
c
u
i
ts
to
s
i
m
u
lta
n
eo
u
s
l
y
g
en
er
ate
an
d
s
to
r
e
m
u
ltip
le
s
o
f
th
e
d
i
v
is
o
r
ar
e
r
eq
u
ir
ed
an
d
m
o
r
e
ad
d
itio
n
al
co
m
p
ar
at
o
r
cir
cu
its
.
T
h
ese
m
et
h
o
d
s
ca
n
n
o
t
b
e
u
s
ed
w
h
e
n
w
o
r
k
i
n
g
w
i
th
m
u
lt
i
-
b
it
b
in
ar
y
i
n
te
g
er
s
,
s
in
ce
th
e
co
s
ts
,
w
h
ic
h
d
ir
ec
tl
y
d
ep
en
d
o
n
th
e
b
it
ca
p
ac
it
y
o
f
t
h
e
n
u
m
b
er
s
u
s
ed
,
f
o
r
h
ar
d
w
ar
e
im
p
le
m
e
n
tat
io
n
w
ill b
e
v
er
y
h
i
g
h
.
4.
CO
NCLU
SI
O
N
R
ed
u
ci
n
g
t
h
e
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
clo
ck
p
u
ls
es
w
h
en
p
er
f
o
r
m
in
g
an
o
p
er
atio
n
in
th
e
p
r
esen
te
d
d
ev
ice
is
ac
h
iev
ed
b
y
co
m
p
ar
in
g
th
e
r
e
m
ai
n
d
er
an
d
d
iv
is
o
r
in
ea
ch
clo
ck
c
y
cle.
I
n
th
i
s
ca
s
e,
th
e
ca
lcu
latio
n
ti
m
e
d
o
es
n
o
t
in
cr
ea
s
e,
s
i
n
ce
th
e
co
m
p
a
r
is
o
n
o
f
t
h
e
r
e
m
a
in
d
er
an
d
t
h
e
d
iv
is
o
r
is
p
er
f
o
r
m
ed
s
i
m
u
lt
an
eo
u
s
l
y
w
i
th
th
e
s
u
b
tr
ac
tio
n
o
p
er
atio
n
o
n
th
e
co
m
b
i
n
atio
n
al
ad
d
er
.
T
h
e
em
p
i
r
ical
v
er
if
icatio
n
is
p
r
esen
ted
b
y
t
w
o
ex
a
m
p
le
s
o
f
p
er
f
o
r
m
in
g
th
e
d
iv
is
io
n
o
p
er
atio
n
f
o
r
s
p
ec
if
ic
n
u
m
b
er
s
.
T
h
e
ex
a
m
p
les
d
e
m
o
n
s
tr
ated
th
e
co
r
r
ec
tn
ess
an
d
th
e
r
eso
u
r
ce
ef
f
icie
n
c
y
o
f
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
m
et
h
o
d
.
W
ith
th
e
h
i
g
h
-
s
p
ee
d
d
iv
is
io
n
m
et
h
o
d
,
w
ith
o
u
t
r
esto
r
in
g
th
e
r
e
m
ain
d
er
an
d
r
eq
u
ir
es
m
in
i
m
al
h
ar
d
w
ar
e
co
s
ts
,
(
k
+1
)
cl
o
ck
p
u
ls
es
ar
e
r
eq
u
ir
ed
.
T
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
d
iv
is
io
n
m
et
h
o
d
r
eq
u
ir
es
(
k/2
+1
)
clo
c
k
p
u
ls
es,
w
h
ic
h
is
al
m
o
s
t 5
0
% l
ess
.
L
et
's
co
m
p
ar
e
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
m
eth
o
d
an
d
m
et
h
o
d
o
f
s
i
m
u
lta
n
eo
u
s
d
eter
m
in
a
tio
n
o
f
t
w
o
d
ig
its
o
f
th
e
q
u
o
tien
t
f
o
r
a
s
p
ec
if
ic
v
alu
e
o
f
m
,
at
w
h
ic
h
r
eq
u
ir
es
m/2
clo
ck
p
u
ls
e
s
.
I
f
m
=
128
,
th
e
n
d
iv
i
s
io
n
w
i
th
t
h
e
s
i
m
u
lta
n
eo
u
s
d
eter
m
in
at
io
n
o
f
t
w
o
d
i
g
its
o
f
t
h
e
q
u
o
tien
t
will
al
w
a
y
s
r
eq
u
ir
e
6
4
clo
ck
c
y
cles,
t
w
o
r
e
g
is
ter
s
(
f
o
r
s
to
r
in
g
2B
an
d
3B
)
in
s
tead
o
f
o
n
e
r
eg
is
ter
R
GS
,
an
d
th
r
ee
co
m
p
ar
is
o
n
cir
cu
i
ts
in
s
tead
o
f
o
n
e.
A
d
d
itio
n
al
A
N
D
an
d
OR
lo
g
ic
g
ates
w
i
ll
b
e
r
eq
u
ir
ed
to
tr
an
s
f
er
eit
h
er
B
,
o
r
2B
,
o
r
3B
to
th
e
ad
d
e
r
,
d
ep
en
d
in
g
o
n
th
e
co
m
p
ar
is
o
n
r
esu
l
ts
.
I
f
m
=
1024
,
th
en
al
w
a
y
s
512
clo
ck
c
y
cles
a
n
d
th
e
s
a
m
e
ad
d
itio
n
al
cir
cu
its
w
ill
b
e
r
eq
u
ir
ed
,
b
u
t th
e
b
it
ca
p
ac
it
y
o
f
th
e
s
e
cir
cu
i
ts
w
ill i
n
cr
ea
s
e.
W
h
en
d
iv
id
i
n
g
i
n
te
g
er
s
,
th
e
b
it
ca
p
ac
it
y
o
f
th
e
q
u
o
tie
n
t
(
k+1
)
is
al
w
a
y
s
less
t
h
an
o
r
eq
u
al
to
th
e
b
it
ca
p
ac
it
y
o
f
th
e
d
iv
id
en
d
(
m
)
.
I
n
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
m
et
h
o
d
,
th
e
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
clo
ck
c
y
cles
d
ep
en
d
s
o
n
l
y
o
n
th
e
b
it
ca
p
ac
it
y
o
f
th
e
q
u
o
tien
t,
an
d
n
o
t
o
n
th
e
b
it
ca
p
ac
ity
o
f
th
e
d
iv
id
en
d
.
I
n
th
e
w
o
r
s
t
ca
s
e
(
k+1
)
=
m
,
f
o
r
m
=
1
2
8
an
d
m
=
1024
,
th
e
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
clo
ck
c
y
cle
s
d
u
r
in
g
d
iv
is
io
n
w
il
l
b
e
6
5
an
d
5
1
3
,
r
esp
ec
tiv
el
y
.
T
h
e
ex
ec
u
t
io
n
ti
m
e
o
f
th
e
o
p
er
atio
n
w
ill
in
cr
ea
s
e
b
y
o
n
l
y
o
n
e
clo
ck
c
y
cle
co
m
p
ar
ed
to
th
e
m
eth
o
d
o
f
s
i
m
u
l
tan
eo
u
s
l
y
d
eter
m
in
i
n
g
t
w
o
b
its
o
f
t
h
e
q
u
o
tien
t,
w
h
ic
h
is
1
.
6
%
(
if
m
=
1
2
8
)
an
d
0
.
2
%
(
if
m
=
1
0
2
4
)
.
T
h
e
lar
g
er
th
e
b
it
ca
p
ac
it
y
o
f
t
h
e
in
te
g
er
s
,
t
h
e
lo
w
er
t
h
e
p
er
ce
n
tag
e
o
f
ti
m
e
lo
s
s
,
an
d
th
e
g
r
ea
ter
th
e
g
a
in
i
n
h
ar
d
w
ar
e
co
s
t.
T
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
m
et
h
o
d
h
as
a
li
m
itatio
n
:
th
e
b
it
ca
p
ac
it
y
o
f
d
iv
is
o
r
B
s
h
o
u
ld
n
o
t
ex
c
ee
d
th
e
b
it
ca
p
ac
it
y
o
f
t
h
e
d
i
v
id
en
d
.
T
h
is
d
i
v
is
io
n
d
ev
ice
is
n
o
t
i
n
t
en
d
ed
f
o
r
u
s
e
in
s
y
s
te
m
s
w
it
h
o
u
t
h
ar
d
w
ar
e
co
s
t
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
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Hig
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cted
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itiat
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ax
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DATA AV
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Yev
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RE
F
E
R
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N
C
E
S
[
1
]
R
.
P
.
B
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mm
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[
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3
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[
4
]
U
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l
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o
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p
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5
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Y
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6
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P
.
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,
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,
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