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t
iv
e
a
n
a
l
y
s
is
.
Fi
n
a
l
l
y
,
s
e
c
ti
o
n
5
c
o
n
c
l
u
d
e
s
t
h
e
s
t
u
d
y
a
n
d
o
u
t
l
i
n
e
s
f
u
t
u
r
e
r
es
e
a
r
c
h
d
i
r
e
c
t
i
o
n
s
.
2.
M
E
T
H
O
D
2
.
1
.
Resea
rc
h
des
ig
n
T
h
is
r
esear
ch
ad
o
p
ts
th
e
ADDI
E
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
(
an
aly
s
is
,
d
esig
n
,
d
ev
el
o
p
m
en
t,
im
p
lem
en
t
atio
n
,
an
d
ev
alu
atio
n
)
i
n
d
e
v
elo
p
in
g
an
I
o
T
-
b
ased
p
o
wer
f
ac
to
r
im
p
r
o
v
em
en
t
m
o
n
ito
r
i
n
g
s
y
s
tem
.
T
h
e
ADDI
E
m
o
d
el
p
r
o
v
id
es
a
s
tr
u
ctu
r
ed
f
r
am
ewo
r
k
f
o
r
d
esig
n
in
g
an
d
d
e
v
elo
p
i
n
g
tech
n
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g
y
-
b
ased
p
r
o
d
u
cts,
en
s
u
r
in
g
th
at
ea
ch
p
h
ase
o
f
th
e
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r
o
ce
s
s
is
s
y
s
tem
atica
lly
ad
d
r
ess
ed
[
1
4
]
,
[
1
5
]
.
As illu
s
tr
ated
in
Fig
u
r
e
1
,
th
e
r
esear
ch
b
eg
in
s
with
th
e
an
aly
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is
p
h
ase,
wh
er
e
a
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r
e
r
ev
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d
u
cted
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o
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tify
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es in
PF
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an
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eter
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e
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e
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r
o
b
lem
f
o
r
m
u
latio
n
.
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h
e
d
e
s
ig
n
p
h
ase
in
v
o
lv
es
t
h
e
d
e
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e
lo
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en
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f
s
y
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tem
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r
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e
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d
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war
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m
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ts
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n
th
is
s
tag
e,
th
e
s
elec
tio
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p
r
o
p
r
iate
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ater
ials
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r
r
ied
o
u
t to
en
s
u
r
e
th
e
f
ea
s
ib
ilit
y
o
f
th
e
p
r
o
to
t
y
p
e
[
1
6
]
.
T
h
e
d
ev
el
o
p
m
en
t
p
h
ase
in
cl
u
d
es
th
e
h
a
r
d
war
e
p
r
o
to
t
y
p
i
n
g
p
r
o
ce
s
s
,
wh
er
e
th
e
s
y
s
tem
is
test
ed
in
cr
em
en
tally
,
s
tar
tin
g
with
o
n
e
r
elay
a
n
d
e
x
p
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d
in
g
to
f
o
u
r
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elay
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o
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g
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el
o
p
m
en
t
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th
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s
er
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ter
f
ac
e
s
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f
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e.
T
h
e
im
p
le
m
en
tatio
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p
h
ase
co
n
s
is
ts
o
f
f
u
n
ctio
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lim
ited
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n
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m
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ce
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n
s
u
r
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g
th
at
th
e
we
b
in
teg
r
atio
n
s
y
s
tem
o
p
er
ates
i
n
r
ea
l
-
tim
e.
Fin
ally
,
th
e
ev
alu
atio
n
p
h
ase
a
n
aly
ze
s
s
y
s
tem
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
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ased
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ex
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er
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en
tal
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lts
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m
p
ar
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g
t
h
e
o
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tain
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d
ata
with
e
x
p
ec
ted
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
s
tan
d
ar
d
s
[
1
7
]
,
[
1
8
]
.
T
h
e
f
i
n
d
in
g
s
a
r
e
u
s
ed
to
ass
ess
th
e
ef
f
ec
tiv
en
ess
o
f
th
e
I
o
T
-
b
ased
PFC
s
y
s
tem
an
d
p
r
o
v
id
e
r
ec
o
m
m
en
d
atio
n
s
f
o
r
f
u
tu
r
e
im
p
r
o
v
em
en
ts
.
T
h
is
s
tr
u
ctu
r
ed
m
eth
o
d
o
lo
g
y
en
s
u
r
es th
at
th
e
d
ev
el
o
p
ed
s
y
s
tem
is
s
ca
lab
le,
r
ep
r
o
d
u
cib
le,
an
d
ca
p
a
b
le
o
f
o
p
tim
izin
g
PF
C
ef
f
icien
cy
.
2
.
2
.
Rev
iew
f
ind
ing
s
T
h
e
r
ev
iew
o
f
p
r
e
v
io
u
s
r
esear
ch
h
ig
h
lig
h
ts
two
r
elev
an
t
s
tu
d
ies
in
th
e
f
ield
o
f
I
o
T
-
b
ased
PFC
.
T
h
e
f
ir
s
t
s
tu
d
y
,
in
tr
o
d
u
ce
d
an
en
e
r
g
y
m
o
n
ito
r
in
g
p
r
o
to
ty
p
e
f
o
r
I
o
T
-
b
ased
PFC
,
d
em
o
n
s
tr
atin
g
its
p
o
ten
tial
f
o
r
r
em
o
te
m
o
n
ito
r
in
g
.
Ho
wev
er
,
d
esp
ite
th
e
ab
ilit
y
to
tr
ac
k
p
o
wer
f
ac
to
r
ch
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g
es,
th
e
s
y
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tem
s
till
r
elied
o
n
m
an
u
al
co
n
tr
o
l
f
o
r
ad
ju
s
tm
en
t
s
[
1
9
]
.
T
h
e
s
ec
o
n
d
s
tu
d
y
,
ex
p
l
o
r
ed
n
ew
m
eth
o
d
o
l
o
g
ies
to
e
n
h
an
ce
p
o
wer
f
ac
to
r
in
h
o
m
e
a
p
p
lian
ce
s
.
Desp
ite
th
e
im
p
r
o
v
em
en
ts
in
tr
o
d
u
ce
d
,
th
is
s
tu
d
y
d
id
n
o
t
in
co
r
p
o
r
ate
r
ea
l
-
tim
e
I
o
T
-
b
ased
co
n
tr
o
l
f
o
r
ad
ap
tiv
e
PFC
[
2
0
]
.
B
o
th
s
tu
d
ies
d
em
o
n
s
tr
ated
th
e
r
o
le
o
f
I
o
T
in
PFC
b
u
t
r
em
ain
ed
lim
ited
in
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
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:
2
5
0
2
-
4
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2
I
n
d
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J
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g
&
C
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m
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Sci
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2
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g
u
s
t
20
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:
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0
-
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au
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atio
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lly
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y
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tem
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n
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y
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ically
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s
t
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ac
ito
r
s
witch
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g
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o
u
t h
u
m
a
n
in
ter
v
en
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n
.
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o
f
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r
th
e
r
in
v
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g
ate
r
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en
d
s
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o
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ased
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b
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lio
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etr
ic
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aly
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n
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u
cte
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u
s
in
g
4
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3
5
7
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atab
ase
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ec
o
r
d
s
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as
illu
s
tr
ated
in
Fig
u
r
e
2
.
T
h
e
an
aly
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is
id
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tifie
d
1
4
,
2
2
5
au
t
h
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r
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r
d
s
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t
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ly
9
0
k
ey
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r
d
s
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r
e
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at
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h
ese
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ey
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d
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wer
e
class
if
ied
in
to
f
iv
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m
ain
r
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ch
clu
s
ter
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wh
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e
r
ed
r
ep
r
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t
s
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lu
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ter
1
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r
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r
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t
s
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s
ter
2
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r
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ter
3
,
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ep
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lu
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ter
4
,
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d
p
u
r
p
le
r
ep
r
esen
ts
C
lu
s
ter
5
.
T
h
e
co
n
n
ec
tio
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s
b
etwe
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k
ey
wo
r
d
s
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s
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ate
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elatio
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ip
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ile
th
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e
s
ize
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e
f
lects
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r
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en
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ex
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g
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T
h
e
b
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lio
m
etr
ic
an
aly
s
is
r
ev
ea
led
th
at
v
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d
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av
e
ex
p
lo
r
ed
th
e
i
n
teg
r
at
io
n
o
f
MQ
T
T
with
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y
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tem
s
,
an
d
n
o
p
r
io
r
r
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ch
h
as
co
m
b
in
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d
MQ
T
T
with
th
e
PZE
M
-
0
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T
s
en
s
o
r
an
d
PHP
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My
SQL
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r
ea
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tim
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ac
k
en
d
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er
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er
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h
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g
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i
n
th
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atu
r
e
e
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p
h
asizes
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e
n
o
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h
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r
o
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o
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ed
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tem
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ich
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n
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r
ates
I
o
T
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ased
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ito
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g
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ated
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g
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p
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o
wer
f
ac
to
r
d
y
n
a
m
ically
[
2
1
]
.
Fig
u
r
e
1
.
R
esear
ch
m
eth
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d
s
Fig
u
r
e
2
.
An
al
y
s
is
b
ib
lio
m
etr
ix
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
d
o
n
esian
J
E
lec
E
n
g
&
C
o
m
p
Sci
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N:
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4
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5
2
Op
timiz
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tio
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o
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tic
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r
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Ma
ma
n
S
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i
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3
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Arc
hite
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ra
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T
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ar
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h
itectu
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e
o
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e
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o
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ased
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y
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tem
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esig
n
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le
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l
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tim
e
m
o
n
ito
r
in
g
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d
au
to
m
atic
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p
ac
ito
r
s
witch
in
g
f
o
r
o
p
tim
izin
g
p
o
wer
f
ac
to
r
.
As
illu
s
tr
ated
in
Fig
u
r
e
3
,
th
e
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y
s
tem
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n
s
is
ts
o
f
th
r
ee
m
ajo
r
c
o
m
p
o
n
en
ts
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e
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s
er
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ter
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o
T
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m
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d
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tr
o
l sy
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e
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er
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ter
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ito
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n
tr
o
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t
h
e
p
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ac
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t
h
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o
u
g
h
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ev
ic
es
s
u
ch
as
co
m
p
u
ter
s
,
lap
t
o
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s
,
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m
ar
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h
o
n
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o
r
tab
lets
co
n
n
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ted
to
th
e
in
ter
n
et.
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h
is
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ea
tu
r
e
p
r
o
v
id
es
r
em
o
te
ac
ce
s
s
to
s
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tem
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ar
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eter
s
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ab
lin
g
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f
f
icien
t
p
o
wer
f
ac
to
r
m
an
ag
em
en
t
with
o
u
t
r
eq
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ir
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n
g
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ir
ec
t
m
an
u
al
o
p
er
atio
n
.
T
h
e
in
ter
f
ac
e
is
s
u
p
p
o
r
ted
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y
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web
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ased
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ash
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ar
d
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ich
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r
esen
ts
r
ea
l
-
tim
e
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ata
o
n
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o
ltag
e,
cu
r
r
en
t,
p
o
wer
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ac
to
r
,
ap
p
ar
en
t
p
o
wer
,
an
d
r
ea
ctiv
e
p
o
wer
.
Fig
u
r
e
3
.
Sy
s
tem
co
n
s
is
ts
o
f
th
r
ee
m
ajo
r
co
m
p
o
n
en
ts
T
h
e
I
o
T
co
m
m
u
n
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n
n
etw
o
r
k
en
s
u
r
es
s
ea
m
less
d
ata
tr
an
s
f
er
b
etwe
en
th
e
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ito
r
in
g
s
y
s
tem
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d
th
e
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atab
ase.
T
h
e
PZE
M
-
0
0
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en
s
o
r
m
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th
e
d
ata
to
a
My
SQL
d
atab
ase
v
ia
a
PHP
s
er
v
er
.
T
h
is
allo
ws
r
ea
l
-
tim
e
u
p
d
at
es
o
n
th
e
web
d
ash
b
o
a
r
d
,
p
r
o
v
id
in
g
in
s
tan
t
f
ee
d
b
ac
k
to
u
s
er
s
.
T
h
e
No
d
e
MCU E
S
P3
2
Dev
Kit V
1
ac
ts
as th
e
co
r
e
m
icr
o
co
n
tr
o
ller
,
p
r
o
ce
s
s
in
g
s
en
s
o
r
d
ata
an
d
e
x
ec
u
tin
g
au
t
o
m
atic
ca
p
ac
ito
r
s
witch
in
g
b
ased
o
n
r
e
al
-
tim
e
p
o
wer
f
ac
to
r
c
o
n
d
iti
o
n
s
.
T
h
e
s
y
s
tem
is
d
esig
n
ed
to
m
ai
n
tain
a
p
o
wer
f
ac
to
r
ab
o
v
e
0
.
8
5
,
en
s
u
r
in
g
im
p
r
o
v
e
d
en
er
g
y
ef
f
icien
cy
[
2
2
]
.
T
h
e
elec
tr
ical
lo
ad
c
o
n
tr
o
l
s
y
s
tem
co
n
s
is
ts
o
f
AC
r
elay
s
,
m
ag
n
etic
co
n
tacto
r
s
,
an
d
a
ca
p
ac
ito
r
b
an
k
.
T
h
e
r
elay
m
o
d
u
le
en
a
b
les
d
y
n
am
ic
ca
p
ac
ito
r
s
witch
in
g
,
allo
win
g
th
e
s
y
s
tem
to
r
esp
o
n
d
to
f
lu
ctu
atio
n
s
in
p
o
wer
f
ac
to
r
.
T
h
e
m
ag
n
etic
co
n
tacto
r
en
s
u
r
es
s
af
ety
b
y
m
an
ag
in
g
h
i
g
h
cu
r
r
en
t
lo
ad
s
,
p
r
ev
en
tin
g
p
o
ten
tial
d
am
ag
e
to
th
e
cir
cu
it.
T
h
e
ca
p
ac
ito
r
b
a
n
k
co
m
p
r
is
es
m
u
ltip
le
ca
p
ac
ito
r
s
o
f
d
if
f
er
e
n
t
v
alu
es,
wh
ich
ar
e
s
elec
tiv
ely
ac
tiv
ated
b
ased
o
n
r
ea
l
-
tim
e
p
o
wer
f
ac
to
r
r
ea
d
in
g
s
.
T
h
is
ad
ap
tiv
e
s
witch
in
g
m
ec
h
a
n
is
m
m
in
im
izes r
ea
ctiv
e
p
o
wer
l
o
s
s
es,
o
p
tim
izin
g
th
e
o
v
er
all
p
o
w
er
co
n
s
u
m
p
ti
o
n
[
2
3
]
.
As
illu
s
tr
ated
in
Fig
u
r
e
4
,
t
h
e
I
o
T
n
etwo
r
k
to
p
o
lo
g
y
co
n
n
ec
ts
all
co
m
p
o
n
en
ts
to
a
ce
n
tr
alize
d
s
y
s
tem
.
T
h
e
u
s
er
in
ter
f
ac
e
s
ec
tio
n
p
r
o
v
id
es
r
em
o
te
a
cc
ess
to
m
o
n
ito
r
in
g
d
ata
v
ia
a
W
i
-
Fi
-
b
ased
co
m
m
u
n
icatio
n
s
y
s
tem
.
T
h
e
E
SP
3
2
m
icr
o
co
n
tr
o
ller
ac
ts
as
th
e
d
ata
p
r
o
ce
s
s
in
g
h
u
b
,
tr
an
s
m
itti
n
g
s
en
s
o
r
m
ea
s
u
r
em
en
ts
to
th
e
clo
u
d
-
b
ased
d
atab
ase.
B
y
lev
er
ag
in
g
I
o
T
n
etwo
r
k
s
er
v
ices,
u
s
er
s
ca
n
m
o
n
ito
r
p
o
wer
f
ac
to
r
v
ar
iatio
n
s
,
ad
ju
s
t
s
y
s
tem
s
ettin
g
s
,
an
d
an
aly
ze
h
is
to
r
ical
d
ata
th
r
o
u
g
h
th
e
d
ash
b
o
a
r
d
.
T
h
is
ar
ch
itectu
r
e
en
ab
le
s
r
ea
l
-
tim
e
d
ec
is
io
n
-
m
a
k
in
g
,
e
n
s
u
r
in
g
t
h
at
th
e
s
y
s
tem
co
n
tin
u
o
u
s
ly
ad
a
p
ts
to
ch
an
g
in
g
lo
ad
co
n
d
itio
n
s
f
o
r
o
p
tim
al
PFC
[
2
4
]
,
[
2
5
]
.
2
.
4
.
F
l
o
wcha
rt
s
y
s
t
em
T
h
e
d
ev
elo
p
m
e
n
t o
f
th
e
to
o
l b
eg
in
s
wh
en
th
e
d
ev
ice
is
p
o
wer
ed
o
n
an
d
attem
p
ts
to
estab
lis
h
a
W
i
-
Fi
o
r
in
ter
n
et
c
o
n
n
ec
tio
n
.
I
f
t
h
e
co
n
n
ec
tio
n
f
ails
,
th
e
s
y
s
tem
r
em
ain
s
in
a
s
tan
d
b
y
s
tate
u
n
til
a
co
n
n
ec
tio
n
is
estab
lis
h
ed
.
On
ce
co
n
n
ec
ted
,
th
e
E
SP
3
2
m
icr
o
co
n
tr
o
ller
lo
g
s
in
to
th
e
PHP
s
er
v
er
an
d
ac
ce
s
s
es
th
e
web
d
o
m
ain
to
d
is
p
lay
th
e
r
ea
l
-
tim
e
m
o
n
ito
r
i
n
g
d
ash
b
o
ar
d
.
T
h
e
PZE
M
-
0
0
4
T
s
en
s
o
r
m
ea
s
u
r
es
k
ey
elec
tr
ical
p
ar
am
eter
s
,
in
clu
d
i
n
g
v
o
ltag
e
,
cu
r
r
en
t,
r
ea
l
p
o
wer
,
ap
p
a
r
en
t
p
o
wer
,
r
ea
ctiv
e
p
o
wer
,
a
n
d
p
o
wer
f
ac
to
r
.
T
h
e
co
llected
d
ata
is
th
en
tr
a
n
s
m
itted
to
th
e
My
SQL
s
er
v
e
r
v
ia
PHP
s
cr
ip
ts
,
wh
er
e
it
is
p
r
o
ce
s
s
ed
an
d
d
is
p
lay
e
d
o
n
th
e
d
ash
b
o
a
r
d
.
T
h
is
s
etu
p
allo
ws
u
s
er
s
to
m
o
n
ito
r
th
e
s
y
s
tem
r
em
o
tely
,
p
r
o
v
id
in
g
a
r
ea
l
-
tim
e
v
is
u
aliza
tio
n
o
f
p
o
wer
f
ac
to
r
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
a
n
d
en
er
g
y
c
o
n
s
u
m
p
tio
n
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
5
0
2
-
4
7
5
2
I
n
d
o
n
esian
J
E
lec
E
n
g
&
C
o
m
p
Sci
,
Vo
l.
39
,
No
.
2
,
Au
g
u
s
t
20
25
:
86
0
-
87
3
864
Fo
r
au
to
m
atic
PFC
,
th
e
s
y
s
te
m
em
p
lo
y
s
a
r
elay
-
b
ased
ca
p
a
cito
r
s
witch
in
g
m
ec
h
an
is
m
,
as
illu
s
tr
at
ed
in
Fig
u
r
e
5
.
I
f
th
e
p
o
wer
f
ac
t
o
r
(
PF
)
is
0
,
all
r
elay
s
r
em
ain
o
f
f
to
av
o
id
u
n
n
ec
ess
ar
y
ca
p
ac
ito
r
ac
tiv
atio
n
.
I
f
th
e
PF
i
s
b
elo
w
0
.
8
6
,
th
e
s
y
s
t
em
d
y
n
am
ically
ap
p
lies
a
co
m
b
in
atio
n
m
eth
o
d
to
o
p
tim
ize
r
elay
s
witch
in
g
an
d
ac
tiv
ate
th
e
ap
p
r
o
p
r
iate
ca
p
a
cito
r
s
f
o
r
co
m
p
en
s
atio
n
.
On
c
e
th
e
PF
ex
ce
ed
s
0
.
8
6
,
th
e
s
y
s
tem
en
ter
s
R
elay
Ho
ld
in
g
M
o
d
e,
m
ain
tain
in
g
t
h
e
ac
tiv
ated
ca
p
ac
ito
r
s
t
o
s
u
s
tain
an
o
p
tim
al
p
o
wer
f
ac
to
r
.
T
h
is
a
u
to
m
ated
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
elim
in
ates
th
e
n
ee
d
f
o
r
m
an
u
al
in
ter
v
e
n
tio
n
,
en
s
u
r
in
g
ef
f
icien
t
en
er
g
y
m
an
a
g
em
en
t
an
d
r
ea
ctiv
e
p
o
wer
co
m
p
en
s
atio
n
wh
ile
c
o
n
tin
u
o
u
s
ly
ad
ap
tin
g
t
o
v
ar
y
in
g
elec
tr
ical
lo
ad
s
.
T
h
e
f
lo
wch
ar
t
in
Fig
u
r
e
5
v
is
u
ally
r
ep
r
esen
ts
th
is
p
r
o
ce
s
s
,
d
etailin
g
ea
ch
s
tag
e
f
r
o
m
s
y
s
tem
s
tar
tu
p
,
d
ata
ac
q
u
is
itio
n
,
an
d
tr
a
n
s
m
is
s
io
n
,
to
PFC
lo
g
ic
u
s
in
g
r
ela
y
ac
tiv
atio
n
.
Fig
u
r
e
4
.
I
oT
n
etwo
r
k
to
p
o
lo
g
y
b
etwe
en
h
a
r
d
war
e
a
n
d
s
o
f
tw
ar
e
Fig
u
r
e
5
.
Flo
wch
ar
t sy
s
tem
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
d
o
n
esian
J
E
lec
E
n
g
&
C
o
m
p
Sci
I
SS
N:
2502
-
4
7
5
2
Op
timiz
a
tio
n
o
f I
o
T
-
b
a
s
ed
mo
n
ito
r
in
g
s
ystem
fo
r
a
u
to
ma
tic
p
o
w
er fa
cto
r
co
r
r
ec
tio
n
…
(
Ma
ma
n
S
o
ma
n
tr
i
)
865
2.
5
.
H
a
rdwa
re
des
ig
n
T
h
e
h
ar
d
war
e
d
esig
n
o
f
th
e
au
to
m
atic
PFC
s
y
s
tem
in
te
g
r
ates
s
ev
er
al
elec
tr
o
n
ic
co
m
p
o
n
e
n
ts
to
d
y
n
am
ically
ad
ju
s
t
ca
p
ac
itan
c
e
b
ased
o
n
r
ea
l
-
tim
e
p
o
wer
f
a
cto
r
m
ea
s
u
r
em
e
n
ts
.
As
illu
s
tr
ated
in
Fig
u
r
e
6
,
th
e
s
y
s
tem
co
n
s
is
t
s
o
f
an
E
SP
3
2
m
icr
o
co
n
tr
o
ller
,
a
PZE
M
-
0
0
4
T
s
en
s
o
r
,
r
elay
s
,
m
ag
n
etic
co
n
tacto
r
s
,
a
n
d
a
ca
p
ac
ito
r
b
a
n
k
.
T
h
e
E
SP
3
2
D
ev
Kit
V1
s
er
v
es
as
th
e
ce
n
tr
a
l
co
n
tr
o
l
u
n
it,
e
x
ec
u
tin
g
r
ea
l
-
ti
m
e
m
o
n
ito
r
in
g
an
d
ca
p
ac
ito
r
s
witch
in
g
d
ec
is
io
n
s
b
ased
o
n
p
o
wer
f
ac
to
r
r
ea
d
i
n
g
s
.
T
h
e
PZE
M
-
0
0
4
T
s
en
s
o
r
m
ea
s
u
r
es
elec
tr
ical
p
ar
am
eter
s
s
u
ch
as
v
o
ltag
e,
cu
r
r
e
n
t,
r
ea
l
p
o
wer
,
ap
p
a
r
en
t
p
o
wer
,
r
ea
ctiv
e
p
o
wer
,
an
d
p
o
wer
f
ac
t
o
r
,
tr
an
s
m
itti
n
g
d
ata
to
a
My
SQL
s
er
v
er
v
ia
a
PHP
-
b
ased
web
in
ter
f
ac
e
f
o
r
r
ea
l
-
tim
e
m
o
n
ito
r
in
g
an
d
l
o
g
g
in
g
.
T
h
e
ca
p
ac
ito
r
b
a
n
k
s
elec
tio
n
p
lay
s
a
cr
u
cial
r
o
le
in
ac
h
iev
in
g
ef
f
icien
t
PFC
.
T
h
e
s
y
s
te
m
em
p
l
o
y
s
f
o
u
r
ca
p
ac
ito
r
s
with
v
al
u
es
o
f
5
µF,
8
µF,
1
2
µF,
an
d
1
6
µF,
c
h
o
s
en
b
ased
o
n
th
eir
ef
f
ec
tiv
e
n
ess
in
co
m
p
en
s
atin
g
f
o
r
in
d
u
ctiv
e
l
o
ad
s
wh
ile
m
ain
tain
in
g
f
lex
i
b
ilit
y
in
co
r
r
ec
tio
n
.
T
h
ese
v
a
lu
es
ar
e
s
elec
ted
to
en
s
u
r
e
th
at
a
wid
e
r
an
g
e
o
f
p
o
wer
f
ac
to
r
d
ef
i
cien
cies
ca
n
b
e
ad
d
r
ess
ed
with
o
p
tim
al
ef
f
icien
cy
.
L
o
wer
v
alu
e
s
(5
µF
a
n
d
8
µF)
p
r
o
v
id
e
f
i
n
e
-
tu
n
ed
co
r
r
ec
tio
n
s
,
wh
ile
h
ig
h
er
v
alu
es
(
1
2
µF
an
d
1
6
µF)
allo
w
lar
g
er
co
r
r
ec
tio
n
s
wh
e
n
d
ea
lin
g
with
s
ig
n
if
ican
tly
lo
w
p
o
wer
f
ac
to
r
co
n
d
itio
n
s
.
T
h
e
co
m
b
in
atio
n
o
f
t
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"in
d
e
x
.
p
h
p
",
wh
ich
s
er
v
es
as
th
e
m
ain
u
s
er
in
ter
f
ac
e
f
o
r
m
o
n
ito
r
in
g
.
T
h
is
d
ash
b
o
ar
d
p
r
o
v
id
es
a
r
ea
l
-
tim
e
g
r
ap
h
ical
r
e
p
r
esen
tatio
n
o
f
all
elec
tr
ical
p
ar
am
eter
s
,
allo
wi
n
g
u
s
er
s
to
an
aly
ze
tr
en
d
s
,
d
etec
t
an
o
m
alies,
an
d
o
p
tim
ize
PF
C
s
tr
ateg
ie
s
r
em
o
tely
.
T
h
e
web
-
b
ased
d
es
ig
n
en
s
u
r
es
ac
ce
s
s
ib
ilit
y
f
r
o
m
an
y
d
ev
ice,
en
ab
lin
g
r
em
o
te
s
u
p
er
v
is
io
n
an
d
d
ec
is
io
n
-
m
ak
in
g
f
o
r
ef
f
icien
t
en
er
g
y
m
an
ag
e
m
en
t.
T
h
e
I
o
T
-
b
ased
in
f
r
astru
ctu
r
e
e
n
h
a
n
ce
s
au
to
m
atio
n
b
y
in
teg
r
at
in
g
r
ea
l
-
tim
e
m
o
n
ito
r
in
g
an
d
d
ata
lo
g
g
i
n
g
,
e
n
s
u
r
i
n
g
th
at
PFC
ad
ju
s
tm
en
ts
ar
e
d
ata
-
d
r
i
v
en
a
n
d
o
p
tim
ized
f
o
r
d
y
n
am
ic
lo
a
d
co
n
d
itio
n
s
.
Fig
u
r
e
8
.
W
eb
s
ite
in
f
r
astru
ctu
r
e
wo
r
k
f
l
o
w
3.
RE
SU
L
T
S AN
D
D
I
SCU
SS
I
O
N
3
.
1
.
P
er
f
o
r
m
a
nce
t
esting
o
n
v
a
ria
t
iv
e
ind
uct
iv
e
lo
a
ds
A
s
er
ies
o
f
test
s
wer
e
co
n
d
u
cted
o
n
v
ar
i
o
u
s
in
d
u
ctiv
e
l
o
a
d
s
to
ev
alu
ate
th
e
ef
f
ec
tiv
e
n
ess
o
f
th
e
m
o
n
ito
r
in
g
s
y
s
tem
an
d
PFC
ca
p
ab
ilit
ies.
T
h
e
test
s
in
clu
d
ed
m
ea
s
u
r
em
en
ts
o
n
a
T
L
lam
p
with
an
in
itial
p
o
wer
f
ac
to
r
o
f
0
.
3
5
,
a
T
L
la
m
p
with
an
i
n
itial
p
o
wer
f
ac
to
r
o
f
0
.
5
,
two
T
L
lam
p
s
with
a
n
in
itial
p
o
wer
f
ac
to
r
o
f
0
.
3
5
co
n
n
ec
ted
in
p
a
r
allel,
two
T
L
lam
p
s
with
a
n
in
iti
al
p
o
wer
f
ac
to
r
o
f
0
.
5
co
n
n
e
cted
in
p
ar
allel,
a
co
m
b
in
atio
n
o
f
o
n
e
T
L
lam
p
with
a
p
o
wer
f
ac
to
r
o
f
0
.
3
5
a
n
d
an
o
th
er
with
0
.
5
c
o
n
n
ec
te
d
in
p
a
r
allel,
an
d
a
n
AC
m
o
to
r
.
T
h
ese
v
ar
iatio
n
s
wer
e
ch
o
s
en
to
an
aly
ze
h
o
w
d
if
f
er
en
t
lo
a
d
co
n
d
itio
n
s
in
f
l
u
en
ce
th
e
s
y
s
tem
’
s
ab
ilit
y
to
im
p
r
o
v
e
p
o
wer
f
ac
to
r
.
Fig
u
r
e
9
p
r
esen
ts
a
co
m
p
ar
ati
v
e
an
aly
s
is
o
f
p
o
wer
f
ac
to
r
i
m
p
r
o
v
e
m
en
t
b
e
f
o
r
e
an
d
af
ter
co
r
r
ec
tio
n
u
s
in
g
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
s
y
s
tem
.
T
h
e
r
esu
lts
in
d
icate
a
s
ig
n
if
ican
t
in
cr
ea
s
e
in
p
o
wer
f
ac
to
r
ac
r
o
s
s
all
test
ed
lo
ad
s
.
A
T
L
lam
p
with
a
n
in
itial p
o
w
er
f
ac
to
r
o
f
0
.
3
5
d
em
o
n
s
tr
ated
an
i
n
cr
ea
s
e
o
f
5
4
.
1
2
%,
wh
ile
a
T
L
lam
p
with
an
in
itial
p
o
wer
f
ac
to
r
o
f
0
.
5
i
m
p
r
o
v
e
d
b
y
4
5
.
2
6
%.
W
h
en
tw
o
T
L
lam
p
s
with
an
in
itial
p
o
wer
f
ac
to
r
o
f
0
.
3
5
wer
e
co
n
n
ec
ted
in
p
ar
allel,
t
h
e
p
o
wer
f
ac
to
r
in
c
r
ea
s
ed
b
y
5
6
.
6
7
%,
an
d
f
o
r
two
T
L
lam
p
s
with
an
in
itial
p
o
wer
f
ac
to
r
o
f
0
.
5
,
th
e
im
p
r
o
v
em
en
t
was
4
5
.
8
3
%.
Fu
r
t
h
er
m
o
r
e,
a
co
m
b
i
n
atio
n
o
f
o
n
e
T
L
lam
p
with
a
p
o
wer
f
ac
to
r
o
f
0
.
3
5
an
d
a
n
o
th
er
w
ith
0
.
5
r
esu
lted
in
a
5
3
.
2
6
%
im
p
r
o
v
em
e
n
t,
w
h
ile
th
e
AC
m
o
to
r
ex
h
ib
ited
an
in
cr
ea
s
e
o
f
3
7
.
5
%.
T
h
ese
f
in
d
in
g
s
in
d
icate
th
at
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
I
o
T
-
b
ased
PF
C
s
y
s
tem
ef
f
ec
tiv
ely
ad
ju
s
ts
ca
p
ac
ito
r
s
witch
in
g
to
o
p
tim
ize
p
o
wer
f
ac
to
r
d
y
n
am
ically
.
Un
lik
e
tr
ad
itio
n
al
ca
p
ac
ito
r
b
an
k
s
th
at
r
ely
o
n
f
i
x
ed
-
v
al
u
e
ca
p
ac
ito
r
s
,
th
is
s
y
s
tem
au
to
m
atica
lly
d
eter
m
in
es
th
e
o
p
tim
al
ca
p
ac
ito
r
c
o
m
b
in
atio
n
in
r
ea
l
-
tim
e,
en
s
u
r
in
g
p
r
ec
is
e
an
d
ef
f
icien
t
co
r
r
ec
ti
o
n
with
o
u
t
o
v
er
c
o
m
p
en
s
atio
n
.
T
h
is
ca
p
ab
ilit
y
allo
ws
th
e
s
y
s
tem
to
ad
ap
t
to
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
5
0
2
-
4
7
5
2
I
n
d
o
n
esian
J
E
lec
E
n
g
&
C
o
m
p
Sci
,
Vo
l.
39
,
No
.
2
,
Au
g
u
s
t
20
25
:
86
0
-
87
3
868
v
ar
y
in
g
lo
ad
co
n
d
itio
n
s
,
m
a
k
in
g
it
h
ig
h
ly
s
u
itab
le
f
o
r
ap
p
licatio
n
s
r
eq
u
ir
in
g
r
ea
l
-
ti
m
e
p
o
wer
f
ac
to
r
ad
ju
s
tm
en
ts
[
2
6
]
.
Fu
r
th
er
m
o
r
e
,
th
e
av
e
r
ag
e
p
o
wer
f
ac
to
r
im
p
r
o
v
em
en
t
a
cr
o
s
s
all
test
ed
lo
ad
s
was
4
8
.
7
7
%,
d
em
o
n
s
tr
atin
g
th
e
r
o
b
u
s
tn
ess
an
d
s
ca
lab
ilit
y
o
f
th
e
d
ev
el
o
p
ed
s
y
s
tem
.
T
h
is
im
p
r
o
v
em
en
t
is
es
s
en
tial
f
o
r
r
ed
u
cin
g
r
ea
ctiv
e
p
o
wer
lo
s
s
es,
in
cr
ea
s
in
g
en
er
g
y
ef
f
icien
c
y
,
an
d
e
n
s
u
r
in
g
t
h
at
elec
tr
ical
lo
ad
s
o
p
er
ate
clo
s
e
r
to
u
n
it
y
p
o
wer
f
ac
to
r
.
Ma
in
tain
in
g
a
h
ig
h
p
o
wer
f
ac
to
r
m
in
i
m
izes
tr
an
s
m
is
s
io
n
lo
s
s
es
an
d
u
n
n
ec
ess
ar
y
p
o
wer
d
is
s
ip
atio
n
,
wh
ich
is
p
ar
ticu
lar
ly
b
en
ef
icial
f
o
r
in
d
u
s
tr
ial
an
d
co
m
m
e
r
cial
ap
p
licatio
n
s
wh
er
e
en
er
g
y
o
p
tim
izatio
n
is
a
cr
itical
f
ac
to
r
.
Fig
u
r
e
9
.
C
o
m
p
a
r
is
o
n
o
f
p
o
we
r
f
ac
to
r
m
ea
s
u
r
em
en
t b
e
f
o
r
e
a
n
d
af
ter
im
p
r
o
v
em
en
t
3
.
2
.
Reduct
io
n in
curr
ent
co
ns
um
ptio
n
T
h
e
d
ata
p
r
esen
ted
in
Fig
u
r
e
1
0
d
em
o
n
s
tr
ates
a
s
ig
n
if
ican
t
r
ed
u
ctio
n
in
cu
r
r
e
n
t
co
n
s
u
m
p
tio
n
f
o
r
ea
ch
ty
p
e
o
f
l
o
ad
af
te
r
th
e
im
p
lem
en
tatio
n
o
f
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
PFC
s
y
s
tem
.
T
h
is
r
ed
u
ctio
n
i
s
a
d
ir
ec
t
r
esu
lt
o
f
im
p
r
o
v
e
d
p
o
wer
f
ac
to
r
,
wh
ich
m
in
im
izes
r
ea
ctiv
e
p
o
we
r
an
d
en
h
an
ce
s
o
v
er
all
en
er
g
y
ef
f
icien
cy
.
Fo
r
in
s
tan
ce
,
a
T
L
lam
p
with
an
in
itial
p
o
wer
f
ac
t
o
r
(
PF
)
o
f
0
.
3
5
ex
h
ib
ited
a
c
u
r
r
e
n
t
r
e
d
u
ctio
n
o
f
5
8
.
0
8
%,
wh
ile
a
T
L
lam
p
with
a
PF
o
f
0
.
5
e
x
p
er
ien
ce
d
a
d
ec
r
ea
s
e
o
f
4
6
.
3
4
%.
W
h
en
two
T
L
lam
p
s
with
PF
0
.
3
5
wer
e
co
n
n
ec
ted
i
n
p
ar
allel,
th
e
cu
r
r
en
t
co
n
s
u
m
p
tio
n
d
r
o
p
p
ed
b
y
2
9
.
7
8
%,
wh
er
ea
s
two
T
L
la
m
p
s
with
PF
0
.
5
in
p
ar
allel
s
h
o
wed
a
r
ed
u
ctio
n
o
f
4
7
.
4
3
%.
Ad
d
itio
n
ally
,
a
c
o
m
b
in
atio
n
o
f
o
n
e
T
L
lam
p
with
PF
0
.
3
5
an
d
an
o
th
er
with
PF
0
.
5
r
esu
lted
i
n
a
1
9
.
5
3
%
d
ec
r
ea
s
e
in
c
u
r
r
e
n
t,
wh
ile
th
e
AC
m
o
to
r
d
e
m
o
n
s
tr
ated
a
r
e
d
u
ctio
n
o
f
3
8
.
2
5
%.
T
h
ese
f
in
d
in
g
s
h
ig
h
lig
h
t
th
e
e
f
f
ec
tiv
en
ess
o
f
th
e
d
ev
elo
p
ed
s
y
s
tem
in
r
ed
u
cin
g
cu
r
r
en
t
d
r
aw
ac
r
o
s
s
a
v
ar
iety
o
f
in
d
u
ctiv
e
lo
ad
s
.
On
av
er
ag
e,
th
e
cu
r
r
en
t r
e
d
u
ct
io
n
ac
r
o
s
s
all
test
ed
lo
ad
s
wa
s
3
9
.
9
0
%,
in
d
icatin
g
th
at
th
e
in
ter
v
en
tio
n
u
s
in
g
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
r
esear
ch
t
o
o
l
s
ig
n
if
ican
tly
en
h
a
n
ce
s
p
o
wer
u
s
ag
e
ef
f
icie
n
cy
.
T
h
is
d
e
cr
ea
s
e
in
cu
r
r
en
t
is
cr
itical
in
o
p
tim
izin
g
en
e
r
g
y
c
o
n
s
u
m
p
tio
n
,
as
lo
wer
cu
r
r
e
n
t d
r
aw
r
ed
u
ce
s
tr
an
s
m
is
s
io
n
lo
s
s
es,
h
ea
tin
g
ef
f
ec
ts
,
an
d
s
tr
ess
o
n
elec
tr
ical
co
m
p
o
n
en
ts
.
I
n
p
r
ac
tical
ap
p
licatio
n
s
,
th
is
m
ea
n
s
th
at
elec
tr
ical
s
y
s
tem
s
ca
n
o
p
er
ate
with
less
s
tr
ain
o
n
co
n
d
u
cto
r
s
an
d
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
er
s
,
lead
i
n
g
to
e
x
ten
d
ed
eq
u
ip
m
en
t
life
s
p
an
a
n
d
im
p
r
o
v
e
d
p
o
wer
q
u
ality
.
T
h
e
r
esu
lts
also
v
alid
ate
th
e
ca
p
ab
ilit
y
o
f
th
e
s
y
s
tem
to
d
y
n
am
ically
ad
ju
s
t
ca
p
ac
ito
r
a
ctiv
atio
n
,
en
s
u
r
in
g
th
at
o
n
ly
th
e
r
eq
u
ir
ed
co
m
p
e
n
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