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Science
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l.
3
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2
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R
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P
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u
a
li
ty
iss
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e
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th
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t
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c
l
u
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e
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l
tag
e
sa
g
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n
d
sw
e
ll
c
h
a
ll
e
n
g
e
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ri
d
sta
b
il
it
y
,
n
o
t
lea
st
f
o
r
re
n
e
wa
b
l
e
e
n
e
rg
y
sy
ste
m
s
su
c
h
a
s
win
d
tu
r
b
in
e
s
(W
Ts).
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c
u
rre
n
c
e
o
f
th
e
se
v
o
lt
a
g
e
d
ist
u
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a
n
c
e
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a
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ts
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ly
th
e
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sy
ste
m
s,
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o
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th
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l
t
rid
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c
a
p
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tes
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e
a
p
p
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s
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r
m
e
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h
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n
ism
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d
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a
m
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v
o
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g
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a
ime
d
a
t
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ro
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RT
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p
a
b
il
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f
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e
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i
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m
a
g
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e
t
sy
n
c
h
ro
n
o
u
s
g
e
n
e
ra
to
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e
a
p
p
ro
a
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h
i
n
c
lu
d
e
s
e
m
p
lo
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n
g
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o
m
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ti
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t
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l
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g
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u
rin
g
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lt
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o
n
d
i
ti
o
n
s.
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h
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e
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rm
e
d
b
y
in
jec
ti
n
g
v
o
lt
a
g
e
a
t
th
e
in
terfa
c
e
wh
e
re
th
e
sy
ste
m
c
o
n
n
e
c
ts
to
t
h
e
g
r
id
,
th
u
s
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il
izin
g
th
e
term
i
n
a
l
v
o
lt
a
g
e
with
in
th
e
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d
e
n
e
rg
y
sy
ste
m
.
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e
c
o
n
tr
o
l
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f
th
e
d
y
n
a
m
ic
v
o
lt
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g
e
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sto
re
r
(DV
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is
fu
n
d
a
m
e
n
tal
to
im
p
ro
v
e
th
e
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RT
c
a
p
a
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il
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AN
N
a
p
p
r
o
a
c
h
,
a
s
c
o
n
tro
l
tec
h
n
iq
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e
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a
p
p
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d
t
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d
a
ta
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fo
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re
o
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tai
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e
d
f
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o
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a
p
ro
p
o
rt
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a
l
-
in
te
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l
c
o
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ler,
a
n
d
th
e
p
ro
p
o
se
d
sy
ste
m
is
c
o
m
p
re
h
e
n
siv
e
l
y
m
o
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led
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th
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ATLAB/S
imu
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.
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h
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p
ro
p
o
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e
d
m
e
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o
d
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o
n
stra
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ffe
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ti
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ti
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n
,
u
n
d
e
r
two
fa
u
lt
sc
e
n
a
ri
o
s:
v
o
lt
a
g
e
sa
g
a
n
d
sw
e
ll
.
Be
sid
e
s,
th
e
p
ro
c
e
ss
o
r
in
-
th
e
-
l
o
o
p
(P
IL)
tes
t
p
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v
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th
a
t
th
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ste
d
c
o
n
tr
o
l
is
p
ra
c
ti
c
a
ll
y
i
m
p
lem
e
n
tab
le.
K
ey
w
o
r
d
s
:
Ar
tific
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n
eu
r
al
n
etwo
r
k
Dy
n
am
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v
o
ltag
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esto
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er
Fau
lt r
id
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-
th
r
o
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Hig
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id
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o
w
v
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ltag
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id
e
th
r
o
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g
h
W
in
d
en
er
g
y
c
o
n
v
e
r
s
io
n
s
y
s
tem
T
h
is i
s
a
n
o
p
e
n
a
c
c
e
ss
a
rticle
u
n
d
e
r th
e
CC B
Y
-
SA
li
c
e
n
se
.
C
o
r
r
e
s
p
o
nd
ing
A
uth
o
r
:
Kao
u
tar
Dah
m
an
e
L
ab
o
r
ato
r
y
o
f
E
n
g
i
n
ee
r
in
g
Scien
ce
an
d
E
n
er
g
y
Ma
n
ag
e
m
en
t
(
L
ASI
ME
)
,
E
ST,
I
b
n
Z
o
h
r
U
n
iv
er
s
ity
Ag
ad
ir
,
Mo
r
o
cc
o
E
m
ail: k
ao
u
tar
tech
@
g
m
ail.
co
m
1.
I
NT
RO
D
UCT
I
O
N
R
en
ewa
b
le
en
er
g
y
s
o
u
r
ce
s
ar
e
b
ein
g
in
teg
r
ated
in
to
t
h
e
p
o
w
er
g
r
id
to
m
ee
t
th
e
ch
allen
g
e
o
f
clim
ate
ch
an
g
e
an
d
g
r
o
win
g
d
em
an
d
f
o
r
elec
tr
icity
.
W
ith
in
th
e
r
en
ewa
b
le
s
o
u
r
ce
s
o
f
en
er
g
y
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win
d
en
er
g
y
co
n
v
er
s
io
n
s
y
s
tem
s
(
W
E
C
S)
ar
e
co
n
s
id
e
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ed
to
b
e
t
h
e
f
astes
t
-
g
r
o
win
g
r
en
ewa
b
le
r
eso
u
r
ce
tech
n
o
lo
g
y
[
1
]
-
[
3
]
.
I
n
th
e
cu
r
r
en
t
win
d
en
er
g
y
tech
n
o
lo
g
y
,
co
m
m
o
n
ly
u
s
ed
g
e
n
er
ato
r
s
in
clu
d
e
d
o
u
b
ly
f
e
d
in
d
u
ctio
n
g
en
er
at
o
r
(
DFI
G)
an
d
p
er
m
a
n
en
t
m
ag
n
et
s
y
n
c
h
r
o
n
o
u
s
g
en
er
ato
r
s
(
PMSG)
[4
]
,
[
5
]
.
T
h
e
PMSG
ty
p
ically
em
p
lo
y
s
a
f
u
ll
-
s
ca
le
c
o
n
v
er
ter
,
wh
e
r
ea
s
th
e
DFI
G
g
en
er
ally
u
tili
ze
s
a
p
a
r
tial
-
s
ca
le
co
n
v
e
r
ter
a
n
d
n
ee
d
s
a
g
ea
r
b
o
x
[
6
]
.
No
wad
ay
s
,
PMSG
h
as
attr
ac
ted
co
n
s
id
er
ab
le
in
ter
est
o
win
g
to
th
e
ad
v
an
tag
es
it
o
f
f
er
s
o
v
er
o
th
er
d
o
m
in
an
t
s
y
s
tem
s
,
th
ese
ad
v
an
ta
g
es
in
clu
d
e
en
h
an
ce
d
e
f
f
icien
cy
,
m
ax
im
u
m
p
o
wer
ex
tr
ac
tio
n
,
r
eliab
ilit
y
,
a
n
d
o
p
er
atio
n
at
l
o
w
s
p
ee
d
s
wh
ile
p
r
o
v
id
in
g
h
i
g
h
to
r
q
u
e.
B
ased
o
n
PMSG
o
r
DFI
G,
g
r
id
-
co
n
n
ec
te
d
win
d
p
o
wer
co
n
v
e
r
s
io
n
s
y
s
tem
s
ar
e
s
u
b
ject
to
d
is
tu
r
b
a
n
ce
s
d
u
e
to
g
r
id
f
ailu
r
es,
t
h
u
s
g
en
er
atin
g
p
o
we
r
q
u
ality
d
e
g
r
ad
atio
n
a
n
d
p
o
s
in
g
a
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
p
r
o
b
lem
s
.
Hen
ce
,
f
o
r
win
d
p
o
wer
in
teg
r
atio
n
in
to
th
e
g
r
id
,
f
au
lt r
id
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-
th
r
o
u
g
h
(
FR
T
)
ab
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p
o
s
es
m
ajo
r
ch
allen
g
es
f
o
r
win
d
tu
r
b
in
es
(
W
T
s
)
[7
]
,
[
8
]
.
W
in
d
p
o
wer
s
y
s
tem
s
ar
e
n
o
lo
n
g
er
au
t
h
o
r
ized
t
o
d
is
co
n
n
ec
t
in
th
e
ev
en
t
o
f
a
f
au
lt,
an
d
a
r
e
in
s
tead
ex
p
ec
ted
to
s
tay
co
n
n
ec
ted
,
as
r
eq
u
ir
e
d
b
y
g
r
id
c
o
d
es
in
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
5
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4
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I
n
d
o
n
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J
E
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E
n
g
&
C
o
m
p
Sci
,
Vo
l.
3
9
,
No
.
2
,
Au
g
u
s
t
20
25
:
79
7
-
80
6
798
s
ev
er
al
co
u
n
tr
ies
[
9
]
.
Alth
o
u
g
h
th
e
FR
T
ab
ilit
y
o
f
th
e
PMSG
-
led
win
d
c
o
n
v
e
r
s
io
n
s
y
s
tem
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s
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p
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r
to
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a
t
o
f
th
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DFI
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ased
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th
e
r
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is
s
till
a
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to
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h
a
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ce
its
FR
T
ca
p
ab
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,
as
th
e
DC
lin
k
ex
p
er
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ce
s
o
v
e
r
v
o
ltag
e
,
d
u
e
t
o
g
r
id
f
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lts
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wh
ich
ca
n
th
e
n
l
ea
d
to
o
v
e
r
all
s
y
s
tem
tr
ip
p
in
g
.
B
o
th
lo
w
v
o
ltag
e
r
id
e
th
r
o
u
g
h
(
L
VR
T
)
a
n
d
h
ig
h
v
o
ltag
e
r
id
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th
r
o
u
g
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(
HVRT
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ar
e
ter
m
e
d
FR
T
,
it
r
e
f
er
s
to
th
e
ab
ilit
y
to
h
a
n
d
l
e
b
o
th
v
o
ltag
e
d
ip
s
an
d
s
wells [
1
0
]
.
V
a
r
i
o
u
s
a
p
p
r
o
a
c
h
e
s
h
a
v
e
b
e
e
n
p
r
o
p
o
s
e
d
t
o
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m
p
r
o
v
e
t
h
e
F
R
T
c
a
p
a
c
i
t
y
o
f
g
r
i
d
-
c
o
n
n
e
c
t
e
d
WT
s
[
1
1
]
,
[
1
2
]
.
T
h
er
e
ar
e
two
m
ain
ca
teg
o
r
ies
o
f
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
:
s
o
f
twar
e
-
b
as
ed
FR
T
s
o
lu
tio
n
th
r
o
u
g
h
in
te
r
n
al
co
n
t
r
o
l,
a
n
d
a
h
ar
d
war
e
-
b
ased
FR
T
m
eth
o
d
th
at
r
eq
u
ir
es
ad
d
itio
n
al
h
ar
d
war
e
to
b
e
in
s
talled
.
So
f
tw
ar
e
-
b
ased
s
o
lu
tio
n
s
in
v
o
lv
e
th
e
in
ter
n
al
s
y
s
tem
im
p
r
o
v
e
m
en
ts
.
I
n
ter
n
al
co
n
tr
o
l
m
eth
o
d
s
in
clu
d
e
h
y
s
ter
esis
co
n
tr
o
l,
p
itch
co
n
tr
o
l
an
d
f
ee
d
-
tr
a
n
s
ien
t
co
n
tr
o
l.
R
ec
en
t
p
r
o
g
r
ess
in
co
n
tr
o
l
s
tr
ateg
ies
co
v
er
s
s
lid
in
g
m
o
d
e
co
n
tr
o
l,
m
o
d
el
p
r
ed
ictiv
e
co
n
tr
o
l (
MPC
)
,
an
d
f
u
zz
y
lo
g
ic
co
n
t
r
o
l (
FLC)
[
1
3
]
.
Mo
r
g
an
et
a
l.
[
1
4
]
s
tated
,
u
n
d
er
th
e
s
o
f
twar
e
-
b
ased
s
o
lu
tio
n
s
th
at
m
ee
t
th
e
r
eq
u
ir
em
en
ts
o
f
th
e
g
r
i
d
co
d
e
a
g
r
e
y
wo
lf
o
p
tim
izer
is
r
ec
o
m
m
en
d
ed
t
o
im
p
r
o
v
e
PMSG
-
(
WT
)
L
VR
T
,
f
o
r
b
o
th
m
a
ch
in
e
s
id
e
c
o
n
v
e
r
ter
(
MSC
)
an
d
g
r
id
s
id
e
co
n
v
er
te
r
(
GSC
)
.
T
h
e
o
b
tain
ed
r
esu
lts
f
r
o
m
th
e
g
r
e
y
wo
lf
o
p
tim
izer
(
GW
O
)
alg
o
r
ith
m
ar
e
co
m
p
ar
e
d
with
th
o
s
e
att
ain
ed
u
s
in
g
th
e
s
im
p
le
x
m
et
h
o
d
an
d
g
e
n
etic
alg
o
r
ith
m
.
An
L
VR
T
s
ch
em
e
in
v
o
lv
in
g
a
r
eso
n
a
n
t
p
r
o
p
o
r
ti
o
n
al
c
o
n
tr
o
ller
is
o
u
tlin
ed
i
n
th
e
wo
r
k
cited
as
[
1
5
]
.
As
s
u
g
g
ested
in
[
1
6
]
,
th
e
m
o
d
el
p
r
ed
ictiv
e
co
n
tr
o
ller
(
MPC
)
,
d
u
r
in
g
th
e
f
au
lt,
c
o
n
v
er
ts
th
e
ex
ce
s
s
p
o
wer
g
e
n
er
at
ed
in
to
r
o
to
r
k
in
et
ic
en
er
g
y
t
o
m
itig
ate
th
e
p
o
wer
im
b
alan
ce
.
I
n
th
e
ca
s
e
o
f
v
o
ltag
e
d
ee
p
,
th
e
g
r
id
co
d
e
d
ef
in
es
th
e
n
ee
d
f
o
r
r
ea
ctiv
e
cu
r
r
e
n
t
co
m
p
e
n
s
atio
n
,
an
d
th
is
r
eq
u
ir
em
en
t
was
co
v
er
ed
.
Mo
r
eo
v
e
r
,
as
a
s
o
f
twar
e
co
n
tr
o
l
tech
n
iq
u
e,
lin
ea
r
q
u
a
d
r
atic
r
eg
u
lato
r
th
r
o
u
g
h
i
n
teg
r
ato
r
(
L
QR
I
)
is
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
to
e
n
h
an
ce
th
e
L
VR
T
o
f
th
e
DFI
G
-
W
E
C
S
[
1
7
]
.
Alth
o
u
g
h
s
o
f
twar
e
co
n
t
r
o
ls
ar
e
u
s
ed
as
c
o
n
v
e
n
tio
n
al
co
n
tr
o
l
tech
n
iq
u
es
as
th
e
y
a
r
e
less
p
r
icey
an
d
r
eq
u
ir
e
n
o
a
d
d
ed
h
a
r
d
war
e,
th
ey
s
tr
u
g
g
le
to
s
u
s
tain
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
u
n
d
er
s
ig
n
if
ica
n
t
v
o
ltag
e
d
ip
s
as
well
as
ad
d
co
m
p
lex
ity
t
o
th
e
s
y
s
tem
[
1
8
]
.
Seen
as
th
e
b
est
-
s
u
ited
tec
h
n
iq
u
e
f
o
r
W
T
s
s
y
s
tem
s
,
th
e
ex
ter
n
al
h
ar
d
war
e
-
b
ased
ar
e
co
n
s
id
er
ed
to
b
e
th
e
r
ep
lace
m
en
t
o
f
m
o
d
u
les
th
a
t
wer
e
ad
ap
ted
to
af
f
ec
t
th
e
c
o
n
v
er
ter
'
s
o
r
ig
in
al
d
esig
n
[
1
9
]
.
I
n
s
u
ch
ca
s
e
s
,
th
e
s
u
p
p
lem
en
tar
y
d
e
v
ice
m
u
s
t
b
e
co
n
n
ec
ted
to
th
e
W
T
s
y
s
tem
in
o
r
d
er
to
in
cr
ea
s
e
th
e
L
VR
T
an
d
HVRT
ab
ilit
y
[
2
0
]
.
T
h
e
s
tatic
v
o
ltag
e
co
m
p
en
s
ato
r
(
SVC
)
,
u
n
if
ied
p
o
wer
f
lo
w
co
n
tr
o
ller
(
UPFC
)
,
s
tat
ic
s
y
n
ch
r
o
n
o
u
s
co
m
p
en
s
ato
r
(
STAT
C
OM
)
,
an
d
d
y
n
am
ic
v
o
lta
g
e
r
esto
r
er
(
DVR),
r
ep
r
esen
t
s
o
m
e
o
f
th
e
m
o
s
t
p
o
ten
tially
ef
f
ec
tiv
e
r
ea
cti
v
e
p
o
wer
in
jec
tio
n
-
b
ased
d
ev
ices
th
at
ca
n
a
d
d
r
ess
th
e
L
VR
T
ca
p
ab
ilit
y
o
f
th
e
DFI
G
s
y
s
tem
.
T
h
ey
ar
e
u
s
u
ally
class
if
ied
in
to
s
h
u
n
t
an
d
s
er
ies
co
m
p
en
s
atio
n
-
b
ased
d
e
v
ices
[
2
1
]
.
B
o
th
SVC
an
d
STAT
C
OM
ar
e
em
p
lo
y
ed
to
p
r
o
v
id
e
r
ea
ctiv
e
cu
r
r
en
t
co
m
p
en
s
atio
n
to
th
e
s
y
s
tem
,
h
elp
in
g
to
r
ec
o
v
er
th
e
v
o
ltag
e
an
d
im
p
r
o
v
in
g
L
VR
T
ca
p
ab
ilit
y
.
Yet
th
e
h
i
g
h
co
s
t,
co
m
p
lex
ity
a
n
d
g
r
id
-
s
p
ec
if
ic
ef
f
icien
cy
ar
e
th
e
d
r
awb
ac
k
s
,
c
o
m
p
licatin
g
im
p
lem
en
t
atio
n
f
o
r
ce
r
tain
u
tili
ties
.
T
o
o
v
er
co
m
e
th
e
L
VR
T
an
d
e
n
s
u
r
e
a
s
tab
le
s
u
p
p
ly
v
o
ltag
e
f
o
r
s
en
s
itiv
e
lo
ad
s
,
th
e
DVR
is
th
er
ef
o
r
e
im
p
lem
en
ted
.
W
h
en
v
o
ltag
e
d
r
o
p
s
o
cc
u
r
in
g
r
id
d
u
e
to
d
is
tu
r
b
an
ce
s
,
th
e
DVR
id
en
tifie
s
th
e
f
au
lt
a
n
d
s
u
p
p
l
i
e
s
c
o
m
p
e
n
s
a
t
i
n
g
v
o
l
t
a
g
e
,
t
h
u
s
r
e
s
t
o
r
i
n
g
p
o
w
e
r
q
u
a
l
i
t
y
f
o
r
a
s
s
o
c
i
a
t
e
d
e
q
u
i
p
m
e
n
t
s
.
F
a
l
e
h
i
a
n
d
R
a
f
i
e
e
[
2
2
]
m
en
tio
n
ed
,
a
D
VR
was
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
to
c
o
m
p
e
n
s
ate
v
o
ltag
e
d
r
o
p
s
,
with
en
h
an
ce
d
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
in
th
e
ca
s
e
o
f
s
y
m
m
etr
ical
f
au
lts
.
An
o
p
tim
ized
p
r
o
p
o
r
tio
n
al
-
i
n
teg
r
al
(
PI
)
co
n
tr
o
l
m
eth
o
d
th
at
u
tili
ze
s
a
g
r
ad
ie
n
t
-
ad
ap
tiv
e
v
ar
iab
le
lear
n
in
g
r
ate
least
m
ea
n
s
q
u
ar
e
alg
o
r
i
th
m
is
p
r
o
v
id
e
d
i
n
[
2
3
]
,
to
ac
h
iev
e
ad
a
p
tab
ilit
y
th
r
o
u
g
h
s
tep
s
ize
ad
ju
s
tm
en
t,
wh
ich
m
ak
es
it
h
ig
h
ly
r
o
b
u
s
t
u
n
d
er
d
y
n
am
ic
s
y
s
tem
co
n
d
itio
n
s
.
Usi
n
g
th
e
DVR
-
b
ased
p
ar
ticle
s
war
m
o
p
tim
izatio
n
(
PS
O)
with
o
p
tim
ized
co
n
tr
o
l
ch
ar
ac
ter
is
tics
,
Salm
an
et
a
l
.
[
2
4
]
h
a
v
e
r
ec
e
n
tly
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
th
is
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
.
T
h
e
FLC
-
b
ased
DVR
co
n
tr
o
l
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
em
p
lo
y
e
d
in
a
h
y
b
r
id
m
icr
o
g
r
id
s
y
s
tem
to
d
ec
r
e
ase
p
o
wer
q
u
ality
p
r
o
b
lem
s
was
g
iv
en
b
y
T
h
a
h
a
an
d
Pra
k
ash
[
2
5
]
.
L
ev
e
n
b
er
g
Ma
r
q
u
a
r
d
t'
s
b
a
c
k
p
r
o
p
a
g
a
t
i
o
n
a
p
p
r
o
a
c
h
a
n
d
t
h
e
a
d
a
p
t
i
v
e
n
e
u
r
o
-
f
u
z
z
y
i
n
f
e
r
e
n
ce
s
y
s
t
e
m
m
o
d
e
l
f
o
u
n
d
i
n
t
h
e
p
u
b
l
i
c
a
t
i
o
n
[
2
6
]
,
d
em
o
n
s
tr
ate
en
h
an
ce
d
ac
cu
r
ac
y
an
d
im
p
r
o
v
ed
p
o
wer
q
u
ality
.
Alth
o
u
g
h
t
h
ese
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
es
h
a
v
e
s
h
o
wn
p
r
o
m
is
in
g
r
esu
lts
,
th
e
p
o
ten
tial
c
h
allen
g
es
in
v
o
lv
in
g
th
e
c
o
m
p
lex
ity
o
f
im
p
lem
en
tin
g
ad
v
an
ce
d
ar
tific
ial
in
tellig
en
ce
tech
n
iq
u
es s
till
n
ee
d
to
b
e
a
d
d
r
ess
ed
.
I
n
p
u
r
s
u
it
o
f
th
e
a
b
o
v
e
s
tates,
th
is
p
ap
er
'
s
co
n
tr
ib
u
tin
g
is
to
ad
d
r
ess
th
e
v
o
ltag
e
s
ag
a
n
d
s
well
f
au
lts
b
y
m
ea
n
s
o
f
th
e
DVR
em
p
lo
y
in
g
an
ar
tific
ial
n
e
u
r
al
n
etwo
r
k
(
ANN
)
co
n
tr
o
ller
.
T
h
e
m
ai
n
ac
h
iev
em
en
t
o
f
th
e
ANN
-
b
ased
DVR
m
eth
o
d
,
as
well
b
e
p
r
esen
ted
in
th
is
p
ap
er
,
is
its
in
teg
r
atio
n
with
a
win
d
en
er
g
y
c
o
n
v
er
s
io
n
ch
ain
.
T
h
e
ef
f
ec
tiv
en
ess
o
f
th
e
ANN
d
r
iv
e
n
DVR
s
y
s
tem
i
s
ass
es
s
ed
o
n
t
h
e
MA
T
L
AB
/Si
m
u
lin
k
p
latf
o
r
m
,
in
d
icatin
g
th
at
th
e
ch
o
s
en
co
n
tr
o
l
m
eth
o
d
is
ef
f
icien
t.
I
n
ad
d
itio
n
,
to
e
v
alu
ate
an
d
v
alid
ate
th
e
s
u
g
g
ested
s
y
s
tem
,
th
e
Simu
lin
k
m
o
d
el
i
s
co
n
f
ig
u
r
e
d
to
ca
r
r
y
o
u
t
t
h
e
p
r
o
ce
s
s
o
r
in
th
e
lo
o
p
(
PIL
)
test
u
s
in
g
th
e
T
ex
as
I
n
s
tr
u
m
en
ts
F2
8
0
6
9
M
lau
n
ch
b
o
ar
d
.
I
n
th
is
way
,
h
ar
d
wa
r
e
v
er
if
icatio
n
o
f
th
e
co
n
tr
o
l a
lg
o
r
ith
m
ap
p
lied
to
th
e
DVR is
ac
h
iev
ed
.
T
h
e
r
em
ai
n
d
er
o
f
th
e
m
an
u
s
c
r
ip
t
is
ar
r
a
n
g
ed
as
f
o
llo
ws.
S
ec
tio
n
2
co
v
e
r
s
th
e
DVR
b
as
ed
o
n
th
e
ANN
co
n
tr
o
l
ad
o
p
ted
,
an
d
th
e
v
alid
atio
n
m
eth
o
d
o
l
o
g
y
u
s
i
n
g
a
PIL
test
i
s
r
ep
o
r
ted
.
I
n
s
ec
tio
n
3
,
r
esu
lts
an
d
d
is
cu
s
s
io
n
s
ar
e
p
r
o
v
id
e
d
.
Fin
a
lly
,
co
n
clu
s
io
n
s
ar
e
g
iv
en
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
d
o
n
esian
J
E
lec
E
n
g
&
C
o
m
p
Sci
I
SS
N:
2502
-
4
7
5
2
N
eu
r
a
l c
o
n
tr
o
l o
f D
V
R
fo
r
w
in
d
tu
r
b
in
e
g
r
id
fa
u
lt mitig
a
tio
n
w
ith
P
I
L v
a
lid
a
tio
n
(
K
a
o
u
ta
r
Da
h
ma
n
e
)
799
2.
M
E
T
H
O
D
2
.
1
.
ANN
co
ntr
o
l
-
ba
s
ed
DVR
W
h
en
it
co
m
es
to
win
d
p
o
wer
,
th
e
s
tab
ilit
y
o
f
th
e
elec
tr
icity
n
etwo
r
k
is
cr
u
cial.
DVR
co
n
t
r
o
lled
v
ia
ANNs
is
d
ep
lo
y
ed
to
ad
d
r
ess
v
o
ltag
e
tu
r
b
u
len
ce
s
,
w
h
ich
lik
e
s
ag
s
an
d
s
wells,
o
f
ten
co
m
p
r
o
m
is
e
th
e
q
u
ality
an
d
th
e
r
eliab
ilit
y
o
f
th
e
s
y
s
t
em
.
T
h
e
p
r
esen
t
p
o
wer
elec
tr
o
n
ics
d
ev
ice
is
in
ten
d
e
d
to
m
ain
tain
th
e
n
etwo
r
k
v
o
ltag
e
at
a
c
o
n
s
tan
t
lev
el.
I
t
is
p
lace
d
in
s
er
ies
b
etwe
en
th
e
g
r
id
a
n
d
t
h
e
lo
ad
,
in
o
u
r
s
ce
n
ar
io
,
th
e
WT
u
tili
ze
s
a
PMSG
lin
k
ed
to
elec
tr
o
n
ic
p
o
wer
co
n
v
er
ter
s
,
wh
ic
h
co
n
s
is
t
o
f
a
r
ec
tifie
r
co
n
tr
o
lled
b
y
a
n
o
n
-
lin
ea
r
-
ba
ck
s
tep
p
in
g
a
n
d
a
DC
-
DC
b
o
o
s
t
co
n
v
e
r
ter
m
an
ag
e
d
b
y
ANN
co
n
tr
o
l.
Ad
d
itio
n
ally
,
an
in
v
er
ter
is
also
co
n
tr
o
lled
u
s
in
g
n
o
n
-
lin
ea
r
-
b
a
ck
s
tep
p
in
g
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
an
d
is
s
u
b
s
eq
u
en
tly
co
n
n
ec
ted
to
a
lin
e
ar
lo
ad
at
th
e
p
o
in
t
o
f
co
m
m
o
n
c
o
u
p
lin
g
(
PC
C
)
,
as
r
ev
ea
led
in
Fig
u
r
e
1
.
T
h
e
DVR
wo
r
k
s
b
y
in
jectin
g
th
e
v
o
ltag
e
d
if
f
er
en
ce
r
eq
u
ir
ed
in
to
th
e
g
r
id
w
h
en
a
v
o
ltag
e
d
ip
d
is
tu
r
b
an
ce
is
d
etec
ted
.
I
n
t
h
e
ev
en
t o
f
a
s
well,
it
ab
s
o
r
b
s
th
e
e
x
ce
s
s
v
o
ltag
e.
T
h
is
r
ap
id
an
d
p
r
ec
is
e
ac
tio
n
p
r
o
tects
s
en
s
itiv
e
eq
u
ip
m
en
t
a
n
d
m
ain
tain
s
th
e
q
u
al
ity
o
f
t
h
e
en
e
r
g
y
.
T
h
e
DVR
'
s
m
ain
co
m
p
o
n
en
t
s
ar
e
a
v
o
ltag
e
in
v
er
ter
(
VSI
)
,
an
in
jectio
n
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
e
r
,
a
L
C
f
ilter
,
an
d
an
en
er
g
y
s
to
r
ag
e
s
y
s
tem
[
2
7
]
.
T
h
e
VSI
p
r
o
v
i
d
es
th
e
co
m
p
e
n
s
atin
g
v
o
ltag
e
s
ig
n
als
r
eq
u
ir
e
d
to
r
elea
s
e
th
e
m
ain
s
v
o
ltag
e
to
its
n
o
m
in
al
v
al
u
e.
Her
e,
th
is
in
v
er
ter
is
co
n
tr
o
lle
d
b
y
a
co
n
tr
o
l
alg
o
r
ith
m
th
at
clo
s
ely
o
b
s
er
v
es
th
e
g
r
id
v
o
ltag
e
an
d
ad
ju
s
ts
th
e
in
v
er
ter
o
u
tp
u
t a
cc
o
r
d
in
g
l
y
.
Fig
u
r
e
1
.
Gr
id
-
co
n
n
ec
ted
PM
SG
WT
to
p
o
lo
g
y
in
teg
r
atin
g
DVR co
m
p
o
n
en
ts
[
2
8
]
Mo
r
eo
v
er
,
th
e
DVR
is
eq
u
ip
p
ed
with
e
n
er
g
y
s
to
r
a
g
e
d
e
v
ices,
in
clu
d
in
g
ca
p
ac
ito
r
s
o
r
b
atter
ies,
wh
ich
s
to
r
e
ex
ce
s
s
en
er
g
y
d
u
r
in
g
n
o
r
m
al
o
p
er
atio
n
an
d
in
s
t
an
tly
d
eliv
er
it
in
th
e
ev
en
t
o
f
a
d
is
tu
r
b
an
ce
.
T
h
is
en
er
g
y
s
to
r
ag
e
ca
p
ac
ity
e
n
ab
l
es
th
e
DVR
to
r
ea
ct
q
u
ick
ly
t
o
v
o
ltag
e
v
ar
iatio
n
s
.
As
f
o
r
t
h
e
L
C
f
ilter
lo
ca
ted
n
ex
t
to
th
e
VSI
,
it
is
u
s
ed
to
r
ed
u
ce
h
ig
h
-
f
r
eq
u
e
n
cy
s
witch
in
g
h
a
r
m
o
n
ics.
As
a
r
esu
lt,
h
ar
m
o
n
ic
-
f
r
ee
p
o
wer
is
f
o
r
war
d
e
d
th
r
o
u
g
h
th
e
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
er
.
T
h
e
i
n
jec
tio
n
tr
a
n
s
f
o
r
m
er
is
p
o
s
itio
n
ed
f
o
r
co
n
n
ec
t
in
g
th
e
DVR
to
t
h
e
g
r
id
,
p
e
r
m
itti
n
g
th
e
tr
a
n
s
m
is
s
io
n
o
f
th
e
co
m
p
e
n
s
atio
n
v
o
ltag
e
p
r
o
d
u
ce
d
b
y
th
e
VSI
.
Gr
id
co
d
es
in
s
is
t
th
at
v
o
ltag
e
f
au
lts
b
e
c
o
m
p
en
s
ated
th
r
o
u
g
h
f
a
u
lt
cir
cu
m
s
tan
ce
s
,
s
o
th
e
DVR
d
ev
ice
is
th
u
s
in
s
e
r
ted
to
h
elp
r
esto
r
e
p
o
wer
o
n
th
e
s
id
e
o
f
t
h
e
WT
.
T
h
e
DVR's
p
o
wer
r
atin
g
ca
n
b
e
ex
p
r
ess
ed
as
a
f
u
n
ctio
n
o
f
th
e
3
-
p
h
ase
v
o
ltag
e
f
r
o
m
th
e
VSI
:
,
,
an
d
as a
f
u
n
cti
o
n
o
f
th
e
lo
ad
cu
r
r
e
n
t
:
ℎ
,
as o
u
tlin
ed
[
2
9
]
.
=
∑
,
∗
ℎ
=
,
,
(
1
)
T
h
e
ex
p
r
ess
io
n
f
o
r
th
e
ac
tiv
e
p
o
wer
tr
an
s
f
er
b
etwe
en
th
e
D
VR
an
d
th
e
g
r
id
ca
n
b
e
d
er
iv
e
d
b
y
[
3
0
]
.
=
ℎ
−
=
(
3
∗
ℎ
∗
∗
(
)
)
−
∑
(
,
∗
ℎ
∗
(
)
)
=
,
,
(
2
)
C
o
n
s
id
er
in
g
ℎ
as
th
e
lo
ad
-
s
id
e
ac
tiv
e
p
o
wer
,
an
d
as th
e
g
r
id
-
s
id
e
p
o
wer
.
T
h
is
eq
u
atio
n
b
asically
d
escr
ib
es
th
e
b
alan
ce
b
etwe
en
th
e
in
jecte
d
p
o
wer
f
r
o
m
th
e
DVR
an
d
th
e
v
ar
iatio
n
s
in
g
r
id
v
o
ltag
e.
Fu
r
th
er
m
o
r
e,
b
y
in
co
r
p
o
r
atin
g
ad
v
an
ce
d
co
n
tr
o
l
al
g
o
r
ith
m
s
in
to
th
e
c
o
n
tr
o
l
m
ec
h
an
is
m
,
th
ese
s
y
s
tem
s
ca
n
p
r
o
v
i
d
e
f
ast an
d
ac
c
u
r
ate
v
o
ltag
e
r
esto
r
atio
n
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
5
0
2
-
4
7
5
2
I
n
d
o
n
esian
J
E
lec
E
n
g
&
C
o
m
p
Sci
,
Vo
l.
3
9
,
No
.
2
,
Au
g
u
s
t
20
25
:
79
7
-
80
6
800
Neu
r
al
n
etwo
r
k
co
n
tr
o
l
alg
o
r
ith
m
s
u
g
g
ested
in
th
e
p
r
e
s
en
t
wo
r
k
ca
n
ad
ju
s
t
DVR
o
p
er
atio
n
d
y
n
am
ically
to
d
ea
l
with
v
o
ltag
e
d
is
tu
r
b
an
ce
s
.
Neu
r
al
n
etwo
r
k
s
co
n
s
is
t
o
f
i
n
ter
co
n
n
ec
ted
co
m
p
o
n
en
ts
th
a
t
f
u
n
ctio
n
s
im
u
ltan
eo
u
s
ly
in
a
p
ar
allel
way
,
as
d
o
es
th
e
h
u
m
an
b
r
ain
,
th
e
ANN
is
m
ad
e
u
p
o
f
in
ter
co
n
n
ec
ted
n
eu
r
o
n
s
,
wh
ich
ar
e
n
o
n
-
lin
ea
r
co
m
p
o
n
en
ts
.
I
t
is
f
u
n
d
am
en
tally
a
g
r
o
u
p
o
f
in
ter
co
n
n
ec
te
d
n
o
n
-
lin
ea
r
u
n
its
,
ca
p
ab
le
o
f
lear
n
in
g
f
r
o
m
d
ata
an
d
ad
ap
tin
g
to
co
m
p
le
x
an
d
ch
an
g
in
g
s
itu
atio
n
s
.
T
h
e
in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
is
p
r
o
p
a
g
ated
s
eq
u
en
tially
th
r
o
u
g
h
th
e
lay
er
s
o
f
t
h
e
n
etwo
r
k
,
with
ea
ch
n
eu
r
o
n
p
r
o
ce
s
s
in
g
an
d
tr
an
s
m
itti
n
g
th
e
d
ata
to
th
e
n
ex
t.
T
h
e
n
eu
r
o
n
s
ar
e
ar
r
an
g
e
d
in
lay
er
s
,
co
n
s
is
tin
g
o
f
th
r
ee
m
ai
n
ty
p
es:
t
h
e
in
p
u
t
lay
e
r
,
t
h
e
h
id
d
en
lay
e
r
,
an
d
t
h
e
o
u
tp
u
t
lay
er
.
T
h
is
ar
ch
itectu
r
e
all
o
ws
th
e
n
etwo
r
k
to
lear
n
c
o
m
p
lex
n
o
n
-
lin
ea
r
r
elatio
n
s
h
ip
s
b
etwe
en
th
e
in
p
u
t
an
d
o
u
tp
u
t
d
ata.
I
n
o
u
r
ca
s
e,
to
o
p
tim
ize
th
e
DVR's
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
,
a
n
e
u
r
al
n
etwo
r
k
-
b
ased
co
n
t
r
o
l
s
y
s
tem
is
cr
ea
ted
,
co
n
s
is
tin
g
o
f
two
in
p
u
ts
,
a
h
id
d
e
n
lay
er
co
m
p
o
s
ed
o
f
1
0
n
eu
r
o
n
s
an
d
an
o
u
t
p
u
t
lay
er
with
o
n
e
n
eu
r
o
n
.
W
e
s
elec
ted
a
d
atas
et
co
n
s
is
tin
g
o
f
1
2
,
0
0
0
o
b
s
er
v
atio
n
s
,
with
7
0
%
allo
ca
ted
f
o
r
tr
ain
i
n
g
t
h
e
AN
N,
1
5
%
f
o
r
test
in
g
th
e
tr
ain
ed
d
ata,
a
n
d
th
e
last
1
5
%
f
o
r
v
alid
atin
g
th
e
n
etwo
r
k
s
y
s
tem
.
Sin
ce
th
e
PI
co
n
tr
o
ll
er
is
co
m
m
o
n
ly
u
s
ed
in
p
o
w
er
s
y
s
tem
s
,
th
e
ANN
is
tr
ain
ed
u
s
in
g
th
e
d
ata
g
en
er
ated
b
y
th
e
PI
co
n
t
r
o
ller
.
T
h
is
d
ata
is
s
to
r
ed
in
th
e
MA
T
L
AB
wo
r
k
s
p
ac
e
an
d
u
s
ed
f
o
r
o
f
f
lin
e
tr
ain
in
g
o
f
th
e
n
eu
r
al
n
etwo
r
k
c
o
n
tr
o
ller
.
T
h
e
PI
co
n
t
r
o
ller
r
eg
u
lates
t
h
e
co
n
t
r
o
l
o
u
tp
u
t
b
y
tak
in
g
in
to
ac
co
u
n
t
b
o
th
th
e
cu
r
r
en
t
er
r
o
r
a
n
d
th
e
er
r
o
r
s
ac
cu
m
u
lated
in
th
e
p
ast.
A
n
d
s
o
,
its
f
u
n
ctio
n
in
g
is
b
a
s
ed
o
n
a
f
ee
d
b
ac
k
m
ec
h
an
is
m
th
at
r
esp
o
n
d
s
t
o
o
v
er
all
er
r
o
r
s
u
m
an
d
its
in
t
eg
r
al
o
v
e
r
tim
e.
I
n
th
is
ca
s
e,
th
e
PI
c
o
n
tr
o
ller
r
ec
eiv
es
th
e
in
p
u
t
er
r
o
r
,
th
at
r
ep
r
esen
ts
th
e
d
ev
iatio
n
b
etwe
en
th
e
m
ea
s
u
r
ed
v
o
ltag
e
o
n
th
e
WT
ter
m
in
al
an
d
th
e
tar
g
et
v
o
ltag
e.
I
n
th
is
s
tu
d
y
,
th
e
ANN
lear
n
s
ap
p
r
o
p
r
iat
e
co
n
tr
o
l
ac
tio
n
s
f
r
o
m
th
e
L
e
v
en
b
er
g
-
Ma
r
q
u
ar
d
t
alg
o
r
ith
m
,
s
u
ch
as
ex
p
er
ien
ce
lear
n
in
g
.
T
h
is
alg
o
r
ith
m
is
a
p
o
wer
f
u
l
o
p
tim
izatio
n
tech
n
iq
u
e
f
o
r
im
p
r
o
v
in
g
th
e
ac
cu
r
ac
y
o
f
n
eu
r
al
n
etw
o
r
k
m
o
d
els.
I
n
ad
d
itio
n
,
th
e
L
ev
en
b
e
r
g
-
Ma
r
q
u
ar
d
t
alg
o
r
ith
m
,
wh
ich
is
well
k
n
o
wn
f
o
r
its
ef
f
icie
n
cy
in
n
e
u
r
al
n
etwo
r
k
lear
n
in
g
,
e
n
ab
les
r
ap
id
c
o
n
v
e
r
g
en
ce
d
u
r
i
n
g
th
e
tr
ain
in
g
p
h
ase.
At
th
e
in
p
u
t
to
th
e
ANN
co
n
tr
o
ll
er
co
m
es
th
e
d
if
f
e
r
en
ce
b
etwe
en
th
e
ac
tu
al
v
o
l
tag
e
v
alu
e
an
d
th
e
r
ef
er
e
n
ce
in
d
-
q
co
o
r
d
in
ate
s
y
s
tem
.
T
h
is
d
i
f
f
er
en
ce
is
u
s
ed
to
g
en
er
ate
d
is
cr
ete
p
u
ls
e
wid
th
m
o
d
u
lati
on
(
PW
M
)
f
ir
in
g
p
u
ls
es,
r
esp
o
n
s
ib
le
f
o
r
tr
ig
g
er
i
n
g
th
e
I
GB
T
s
witch
es a
t th
e
o
u
tp
u
t.
2
.
2
.
P
I
L
a
pp
ro
a
ch
C
o
m
p
u
ter
s
im
u
latio
n
is
a
p
r
o
c
ed
u
r
e
f
o
r
cr
ea
tin
g
a
m
ath
em
at
ical
r
ep
r
esen
tatio
n
o
f
s
ig
n
if
ica
n
t
asp
ec
ts
o
f
th
e
s
y
s
tem
u
n
d
er
s
tu
d
y
.
T
h
e
PIL
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
s
er
v
es
as
in
ter
m
ed
iar
y
s
tep
,
it
en
ab
l
es
tr
an
s
itio
n
f
r
o
m
co
m
p
u
tatio
n
al
m
o
d
elin
g
to
p
r
ac
tical
s
y
s
tem
v
alid
atio
n
.
T
h
e
ANN
alg
o
r
ith
m
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
f
o
r
c
o
n
tr
o
llin
g
th
e
DVR
is
v
alid
ated
u
s
in
g
an
e
x
p
er
im
en
tal
d
ev
ice
b
ased
o
n
a
PIL
,
ca
r
r
ie
d
o
u
t
in
MA
T
L
AB
/Si
m
u
lin
k
.
T
h
is
allo
ws
th
e
s
y
s
tem
to
b
e
an
a
ly
ze
d
wh
e
n
o
p
er
atin
g
with
d
ef
in
ed
i
n
p
u
ts
a
n
d
to
o
b
s
er
v
e
m
o
r
e
clea
r
ly
th
e
ex
p
ec
ted
o
r
ev
e
n
u
n
ex
p
ec
ted
b
eh
av
io
r
o
f
t
h
e
s
y
s
tem
,
b
y
h
a
v
in
g
test
in
g
co
n
tr
o
l
s
tr
ateg
ies
o
n
th
e
d
ig
ital
s
ig
n
al
p
r
o
ce
s
s
o
r
p
r
ec
e
d
es
th
eir
in
teg
r
atio
n
in
to
r
ea
l
elec
tr
ical
s
y
s
tem
s
.
T
h
is
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
i
n
clu
d
es
in
teg
r
atin
g
a
p
h
y
s
ical
p
r
o
ce
s
s
o
r
in
to
th
e
s
im
u
latio
n
s
ettin
g
in
o
r
d
er
t
o
o
f
f
e
r
a
m
o
r
e
p
r
ec
is
e
r
ep
r
esen
tatio
n
o
f
t
h
e
r
ea
l
-
wo
r
ld
s
ce
n
ar
io
.
As
i
llu
s
tr
ated
in
Fig
u
r
e
2
,
th
e
co
n
tr
o
l
s
ec
tio
n
is
th
e
p
ar
t
th
at
r
u
n
s
o
n
th
e
b
o
ar
d
.
I
n
te
g
r
atin
g
a
p
r
o
ce
s
s
o
r
en
ab
les
r
ea
l
-
tim
e
co
m
m
u
n
icat
io
n
b
etwe
en
th
e
n
eu
r
al
n
etwo
r
k
m
o
d
el
an
d
th
e
s
im
u
latio
n
e
n
v
ir
o
n
m
en
t.
I
n
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
PIL
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b
ased
s
etu
p
,
a
L
AUNCH
XL
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F2
8
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6
9
M
DSP b
o
ar
d
is
em
p
lo
y
ed
.
Fig
u
r
e
2
.
PIL
p
r
o
ce
d
u
r
e
s
tr
u
ct
u
r
e
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
d
o
n
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J
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lec
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n
g
&
C
o
m
p
Sci
I
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2502
-
4
7
5
2
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eu
r
a
l c
o
n
tr
o
l o
f D
V
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fo
r
w
in
d
tu
r
b
in
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g
r
id
fa
u
lt mitig
a
tio
n
w
ith
P
I
L v
a
lid
a
tio
n
(
K
a
o
u
ta
r
Da
h
ma
n
e
)
801
On
ce
th
e
co
n
tr
o
l
alg
o
r
ith
m
p
a
r
t
is
estab
lis
h
ed
v
ia
MA
T
L
AB
/Si
m
u
lin
k
,
th
e
f
ir
s
t
s
tep
in
s
ettin
g
u
p
a
PIL
s
y
s
tem
i
s
to
co
n
f
ig
u
r
e
th
e
s
im
u
latio
n
en
v
ir
o
n
m
e
n
t to
in
ter
ac
t w
ith
th
e
p
r
o
ce
s
s
o
r
.
At
th
is
p
o
in
t,
we
ch
o
o
s
e
th
e
DSP
b
o
ar
d
as
tar
g
et
h
ar
d
war
e,
an
d
we
ass
ig
n
in
p
u
ts
a
n
d
o
u
tp
u
ts
to
th
e
c
o
n
tr
o
l
s
y
s
tem
.
I
n
a
s
u
b
s
eq
u
en
t
s
tep
,
th
e
co
n
tr
o
l
s
o
f
twar
e
is
c
o
m
p
iled
a
n
d
lo
ad
ed
o
n
to
th
e
p
r
o
ce
s
s
o
r
.
C
o
m
m
u
n
icatio
n
b
e
twee
n
Simu
lin
k
a
n
d
th
e
DSP
b
o
ar
d
is
estab
lis
h
ed
v
ia
a
USB
co
n
n
ec
tio
n
,
as
illu
s
tr
ated
in
Fig
u
r
e
3
.
I
n
t
h
e
f
in
al
s
tep
,
th
e
co
n
t
r
o
l
m
o
d
el
is
tr
an
s
m
itted
to
th
e
DS
P b
o
ar
d
f
o
r
e
x
ec
u
tio
n
.
Fig
u
r
e
3
.
Pro
ce
s
s
o
r
i
n
th
e
lo
o
p
PIL
ad
o
p
te
d
p
latf
o
r
m
3.
RE
SU
L
T
S
AND
D
I
SCU
SS
I
O
N
Ad
d
r
ess
in
g
v
o
ltag
e
in
s
tab
ilit
ies:
s
ag
s
an
d
s
wells
th
at
o
cc
u
r
in
th
e
g
r
id
ass
o
ciate
d
t
o
th
e
wi
n
d
s
y
s
tem
is
ac
h
iev
ed
in
th
is
wo
r
k
,
b
y
u
s
in
g
a
d
y
n
am
ic
v
o
ltag
e
r
esto
r
atio
n
d
ev
ice.
T
h
is
wo
r
k
in
v
est
ig
ated
th
e
ef
f
ec
ts
o
f
ANN
-
b
ased
DVR
co
n
tr
o
l
o
n
m
itig
atin
g
v
o
ltag
e
d
is
tu
r
b
a
n
c
es
in
g
r
id
-
co
n
n
ec
ted
win
d
s
y
s
tem
s
.
W
h
ile
ea
r
lier
s
tu
d
ies
h
av
e
ex
p
lo
r
ed
th
e
im
p
ac
t
o
f
DVRs
o
n
g
r
id
v
o
ltag
e
q
u
ality
,
th
ey
h
av
e
n
o
t
ex
p
l
icitly
ad
d
r
ess
ed
its
in
f
lu
en
ce
o
n
r
ea
l
-
tim
e
p
e
r
f
o
r
m
an
ce
u
s
in
g
p
r
o
ce
s
s
o
r
in
t
h
e
l
o
o
p
v
alid
atio
n
.
Su
g
g
ested
m
o
d
el
o
f
th
e
s
y
s
tem
,
i
n
wh
ich
th
e
DVR
is
co
n
t
r
o
lled
b
y
m
ea
n
s
o
f
a
n
ANN,
h
as
b
ee
n
s
im
u
lated
in
MA
T
L
AB
/S
im
u
lin
k
.
T
h
en
,
th
e
ap
p
lied
ANN
co
n
tr
o
l
is
f
u
r
th
er
ev
alu
ated
th
r
o
u
g
h
th
e
PIL
p
r
o
ce
d
u
r
e.
T
h
e
p
u
r
p
o
s
e
o
f
t
h
e
s
im
u
latio
n
is
to
v
alid
ate
th
e
e
f
f
ec
tiv
en
ess
o
f
th
e
DV
R
co
n
tr
o
l
alg
o
r
ith
m
in
m
ee
tin
g
FR
T
ca
p
ab
ilit
y
r
eq
u
ir
e
m
en
ts
.
T
h
e
DVR
is
d
esig
n
ed
to
p
r
o
tect
a
lin
ea
r
lo
ad
co
n
n
ec
ted
to
a
g
r
id
-
co
n
n
ec
ted
p
er
m
an
e
n
t
m
ag
n
et
s
y
n
ch
r
o
n
o
u
s
g
en
e
r
ato
r
WT
.
T
h
e
ap
p
lied
ANN
co
n
tr
o
ller
is
f
u
r
th
er
ev
al
u
ated
b
y
th
e
PIL
p
r
o
ce
d
u
r
e.
Simu
lati
o
n
r
esu
lts
o
b
tain
ed
f
o
r
a
4
0
%
s
y
m
m
etr
ical
v
o
ltag
e
s
ag
an
d
4
0
%
v
o
ltag
e
s
well
f
au
lt
ar
e
s
h
o
wn
in
Fig
u
r
e
4
.
T
h
e
g
r
id
v
o
ltag
e
is
ex
p
o
s
ed
in
Fig
u
r
e
4
(
a)
,
th
e
tu
r
b
in
e
o
u
t
p
u
t
v
o
ltag
e
is
s
h
o
wn
in
Fig
u
r
e
4
(
b
)
an
d
th
e
v
o
ltag
e
i
n
jecte
d
b
y
th
e
DVR
is
s
h
o
wn
in
Fig
u
r
e
4
(
c)
.
Fig
u
r
e
4
(
a)
s
h
o
ws
th
at
th
e
v
o
ltag
e
d
ip
f
o
r
m
ed
is
0
.
4
0
p
u
,
an
d
th
a
t
th
e
f
au
lt
ex
ten
t
is
b
etwe
en
0
.
3
s
ec
o
n
d
s
an
d
0
.
3
5
s
ec
o
n
d
s
,
wh
ile
th
e
s
well
f
au
lt
last
s
in
th
e
r
an
g
e
0
.
5
s
ec
o
n
d
s
an
d
0
.6
s
ec
o
n
d
s.
Fo
r
th
e
s
ec
o
n
d
c
u
r
v
e,
Fig
u
r
e
4
(
b
)
d
e
m
o
n
s
tr
ates
th
e
v
o
ltag
e
wav
ef
o
r
m
at
th
e
o
u
tp
u
t
o
f
th
e
win
d
en
e
r
g
y
ch
ain
,
wh
er
e
t
h
e
PMSG
-
b
ased
WT
m
ain
tai
n
s
n
o
r
m
al
o
p
e
r
atio
n
with
a
co
n
s
tan
t
ter
m
in
al
v
o
ltag
e.
Fig
u
r
e
4
(
c
)
p
r
o
v
id
es
th
e
v
o
ltag
e
in
jecte
d
b
y
th
e
AN
N
-
b
ased
co
n
tr
o
ller
,
d
em
o
n
s
tr
atin
g
h
o
w
t
h
e
ANN
tech
n
iq
u
e
ef
f
ec
tiv
el
y
m
ain
ta
in
s
th
e
v
o
ltag
e
at
th
e
d
esire
d
lev
el.
Du
r
i
n
g
th
e
v
o
ltag
e
s
ag
,
th
e
DVR
in
jects
a
s
er
ies
v
o
ltag
e
to
m
ain
tain
th
e
lo
ad
v
o
ltag
e
at
its
n
o
m
in
al
lev
el.
T
h
e
am
p
litu
d
e
an
d
p
h
ase
o
f
th
is
v
o
lt
ag
e
ar
e
d
ef
in
ed
b
ased
o
n
th
e
d
ep
th
an
d
d
u
r
atio
n
o
f
t
h
e
s
ag
.
I
n
t
h
e
ca
s
e
o
f
v
o
ltag
e
s
wellin
g
,
th
e
am
p
litu
d
e
o
f
th
e
g
r
id
v
o
ltag
e
in
cr
ea
s
es
b
y
ap
p
r
o
x
im
ately
4
0
%
co
m
p
ar
e
d
with
its
n
o
m
in
al
v
o
ltag
e.
T
h
e
DVR
ef
f
ec
tiv
ely
ab
s
o
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ase
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ted
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th
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em
o
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ated
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ig
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s
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Sag
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ase
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ased
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ile
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ase
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ase
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ANN
m
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d
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Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
5
0
2
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4
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2
I
n
d
o
n
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J
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lec
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n
g
&
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m
p
Sci
,
Vo
l.
3
9
,
No
.
2
,
Au
g
u
s
t
20
25
:
79
7
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6
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s
ig
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ar
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r
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a)
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b
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Fig
u
r
e
4
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r
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s
e
u
n
d
er
s
y
m
m
etr
ical
4
0
% sag
an
d
s
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in
p
u
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a)
gr
id
v
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e
Vab
c,
(
b
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ltag
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r
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g
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m
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C
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d
(
c)
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in
jecte
d
b
y
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e
DVR
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ab
le
1
.
T
HD
b
y
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h
ase
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o
r
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r
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s
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e
n
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atio
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m
eth
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d
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r
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lts
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ag
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%
TH
D
c
a
l
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l
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t
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t
s
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g
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se
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t
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e
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sy
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t
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g
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sy
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D
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3
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D
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D
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W
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ter
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m
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n
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r
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ANN
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tr
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l
with
o
u
t
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e
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f
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ate
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ce
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a
4
0
%
s
y
m
m
etr
ical
v
o
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e
s
ag
(
Fig
u
r
e
5
)
is
ap
p
lied
at
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3
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d
s
f
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r
a
d
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f
0
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1
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n
d
s
.
Fo
cu
s
in
g
o
n
th
e
v
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s
ag
,
Fig
u
r
e
5
(
a
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d
is
p
lay
s
th
e
im
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o
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ed
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ag
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en
t,
wh
ile
Fig
u
r
e
5
(
b
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s
h
o
ws
th
at,
th
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o
u
g
h
o
u
t
th
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th
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lled
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ANN
ap
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Fig
u
r
e
5
(
c)
d
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s
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atin
g
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o
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in
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in
p
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ase
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v
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d
u
r
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ic
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Fig
u
r
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6
(
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illu
s
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ates
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r
r
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o
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Fig
u
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6
(
b
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co
n
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ir
m
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ai
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at
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Fig
u
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6
(
c)
h
ig
h
li
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ts
th
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DVR’s
r
ap
id
r
esp
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as
it
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ap
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ativ
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m
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r
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s
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au
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Ou
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p
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s
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h
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ANN
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ased
co
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am
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r
est
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r
atio
n
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
d
o
n
esian
J
E
lec
E
n
g
&
C
o
m
p
Sci
I
SS
N:
2502
-
4
7
5
2
N
eu
r
a
l c
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f D
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K
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Da
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ma
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803
(
a)
(
b
)
(
c)
Fig
u
r
e
5
.
Sy
s
tem
r
esp
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n
s
e
u
n
d
er
4
0
% sag
with
PIL
(
in
p
u
)
:
(
a)
g
r
id
v
o
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e
Va
b
c
u
n
d
er
s
y
m
m
etr
ical
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ag
,
(
b
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v
o
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e
r
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g
f
r
o
m
W
E
C
S,
an
d
(
c)
v
o
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e
in
jecte
d
b
y
th
e
DVR
(
a)
(
b
)
(
c)
Fig
u
r
e
6
.
R
esp
o
n
s
e
to
4
0
% sy
m
m
etr
ical
v
o
ltag
e
s
well
with
PIL
(
in
p
u
)
:
(
a)
g
r
id
v
o
ltag
e
V
ab
c
u
n
d
er
s
y
m
m
etr
ical
s
well
,
(
b
)
v
o
ltag
e
r
esu
ltin
g
f
r
o
m
W
E
C
S,
an
d
(
c)
DVR in
jecte
d
v
o
ltag
e
u
s
in
g
P
I
L
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
5
0
2
-
4
7
5
2
I
n
d
o
n
esian
J
E
lec
E
n
g
&
C
o
m
p
Sci
,
Vo
l.
3
9
,
No
.
2
,
Au
g
u
s
t
20
25
:
79
7
-
80
6
804
4.
CO
NCLU
SI
O
N
T
h
e
s
tab
ilit
y
o
f
th
e
p
o
wer
g
r
id
is
a
s
ig
n
if
ican
t
co
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r
n
wh
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in
teg
r
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1
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L.
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T.
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m
a
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.