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ias
in
f
ac
ial
r
ec
o
g
n
itio
n
,
o
p
aq
u
e
d
ec
is
io
n
-
m
ak
in
g
in
au
to
m
ated
cr
e
d
it
an
d
welf
ar
e
ass
es
s
m
en
ts
,
an
d
p
o
ten
tial
ab
u
s
es
in
AI
-
ass
is
ted
s
u
r
v
eillan
ce
.
T
h
ese
r
is
k
s
ar
e
esp
ec
ially
co
n
ce
r
n
in
g
in
d
o
m
ain
s
s
u
ch
as
m
ig
r
atio
n
,
law
e
n
f
o
r
ce
m
e
n
t,
an
d
b
o
r
d
er
c
o
n
tr
o
l,
wh
er
e
v
u
ln
er
ab
le
p
o
p
u
latio
n
s
m
ay
b
e
d
is
p
r
o
p
o
r
tio
n
ately
im
p
ac
ted
.
T
h
e
C
o
u
r
t
o
f
J
u
s
tice
o
f
th
e
E
u
r
o
p
ea
n
Un
io
n
(
C
J
E
U)
h
as
alr
ea
d
y
is
s
u
ed
r
u
lin
g
s
em
p
h
a
s
izin
g
th
e
n
ee
d
f
o
r
A
I
to
r
e
s
p
ec
t
h
u
m
an
r
ig
h
ts
an
d
ad
h
e
r
e
to
p
r
i
n
cip
les
o
f
p
r
o
p
o
r
tio
n
ality
a
n
d
d
ata
p
r
o
te
ctio
n
.
R
ec
o
g
n
izin
g
b
o
t
h
th
e
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
ativ
e
p
o
ten
tial
an
d
th
e
s
y
s
te
m
ic
r
i
s
k
s
o
f
AI
,
th
e
E
U
in
tr
o
d
u
ce
d
th
e
AI
Act
(
R
eg
u
latio
n
2
0
2
4
/1
6
8
9
)
,
m
a
r
k
in
g
th
e
f
ir
s
t
attem
p
t
at
a
co
m
p
r
eh
en
s
iv
e
h
o
r
iz
o
n
ta
l
leg
al
f
r
am
ewo
r
k
s
p
ec
if
ically
aim
ed
at
g
o
v
e
r
n
in
g
AI
tech
n
o
l
o
g
ies
ac
r
o
s
s
m
em
b
er
s
tates
.
T
h
e
Act
ad
o
p
ts
a
r
i
s
k
-
b
ased
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
,
ca
teg
o
r
izin
g
A
I
s
y
s
tem
s
in
to
p
r
o
h
ib
ited
,
h
ig
h
-
r
is
k
,
an
d
lo
w
-
r
is
k
class
es
an
d
im
p
o
s
in
g
co
r
r
esp
o
n
d
in
g
o
b
lig
atio
n
s
o
n
p
r
o
v
id
er
s
,
u
s
e
r
s
,
an
d
d
ep
lo
y
e
r
s
.
I
t
also
ex
ten
d
s
its
ju
r
is
d
ictio
n
b
ey
o
n
d
E
U
b
o
r
d
er
s
th
r
o
u
g
h
ex
tr
ater
r
ito
r
ial
p
r
o
v
is
io
n
s
,
r
eq
u
ir
in
g
n
o
n
-
E
U
en
titi
es
to
co
m
p
ly
with
its
s
tan
d
ar
d
s
wh
e
n
o
p
er
atin
g
in
th
e
E
U
m
ar
k
et.
T
h
e
Act’
s
d
esig
n
r
ef
l
ec
ts
an
ef
f
o
r
t
to
h
ar
m
o
n
ize
n
a
tio
n
al
r
eg
u
latio
n
s
,
s
af
eg
u
a
r
d
f
u
n
d
am
e
n
tal
r
ig
h
ts
,
an
d
p
r
o
m
o
te
in
n
o
v
atio
n
th
r
o
u
g
h
leg
al
ce
r
tain
t
y
.
Ho
wev
er
,
wh
ile
th
e
E
U
AI
Act
r
ep
r
esen
ts
a
r
eg
u
lato
r
y
m
iles
to
n
e,
im
p
o
r
tan
t
leg
al
an
d
p
r
ac
tical
q
u
esti
o
n
s
r
em
ain
.
E
x
is
tin
g
ac
ad
em
ic
liter
atu
r
e
h
as
f
o
cu
s
ed
ex
ten
s
iv
ely
o
n
eth
ical
AI
f
r
am
ewo
r
k
s
,
s
ec
to
r
al
co
d
es
o
f
co
n
d
u
ct,
an
d
asp
ir
ati
o
n
al
p
r
in
cip
les,
b
u
t
th
er
e
is
a
r
elativ
e
lack
o
f
d
etailed
leg
al
an
aly
s
is
co
n
c
er
n
in
g
th
e
o
p
er
atio
n
al
s
tr
u
ct
u
r
e
o
f
t
h
e
E
U
AI
Act.
Key
ar
ea
s
o
f
u
n
ce
r
tain
ty
in
clu
d
e
th
e
p
r
ac
tic
al
ap
p
licatio
n
o
f
its
h
ig
h
-
r
is
k
class
if
icatio
n
,
th
e
ad
eq
u
ac
y
o
f
e
n
f
o
r
ce
m
en
t
m
ec
h
a
n
is
m
s
,
th
e
im
p
ac
t
o
f
its
ex
tr
at
er
r
ito
r
ial
s
co
p
e
o
n
in
ter
n
atio
n
al
co
o
p
er
atio
n
,
a
n
d
th
e
co
n
s
is
ten
cy
o
f
its
p
er
s
o
n
al
s
co
p
e
-
p
ar
ticu
lar
ly
with
r
e
g
ar
d
to
m
ilit
ar
y
AI
,
s
m
all
an
d
m
ed
iu
m
-
s
ized
en
ter
p
r
is
es
(
SME
s
)
,
an
d
p
u
b
lic
-
p
r
i
v
ate
AI
p
ar
tn
e
r
s
h
ip
s
.
Mo
r
eo
v
er
,
f
ew
s
tu
d
ies
h
av
e
c
r
itically
co
m
p
ar
e
d
th
e
E
U’
s
a
p
p
r
o
ac
h
with
alter
n
ativ
e
m
o
d
els
o
f
AI
g
o
v
er
n
an
ce
,
s
u
c
h
as
th
e
in
n
o
v
atio
n
-
f
o
cu
s
ed
an
d
d
ec
en
t
r
alize
d
s
y
s
tem
in
th
e
Un
ited
Stat
es,
o
r
th
e
ce
n
tr
all
y
co
n
tr
o
lled
,
al
g
o
r
ith
m
-
ac
co
u
n
tab
ilit
y
-
b
ased
f
r
am
ewo
r
k
in
C
h
in
a.
T
h
ese
ju
r
is
d
ictio
n
s
p
r
o
v
id
e
co
n
tr
asti
n
g
r
eg
u
lato
r
y
en
v
ir
o
n
m
en
ts
th
at
s
h
ap
e
h
o
w
AI
is
d
esig
n
ed
,
d
ep
lo
y
ed
,
a
n
d
m
o
n
ito
r
ed
,
b
o
th
d
o
m
esti
ca
lly
an
d
in
ter
n
atio
n
ally
.
Un
d
e
r
s
tan
d
in
g
th
ese
d
if
f
er
e
n
ce
s
is
ess
en
tial
f
o
r
ass
ess
in
g
th
e
g
lo
b
al
in
f
lu
en
ce
o
f
th
e
E
U
AI
Act
an
d
f
o
r
id
en
tify
i
n
g
th
e
f
ea
s
ib
ilit
y
o
f
in
ter
n
atio
n
al
h
ar
m
o
n
izatio
n
o
f
A
I
s
tan
d
ar
d
s
.
T
h
is
s
tu
d
y
s
ee
k
s
t
o
ad
d
r
ess
th
ese
s
ch
o
lar
ly
an
d
p
o
licy
g
ap
s
b
y
u
n
d
er
tak
i
n
g
a
s
tr
u
ct
u
r
ed
le
g
al
an
aly
s
is
o
f
th
e
E
U
AI
Act,
f
o
cu
s
in
g
o
n
f
o
u
r
f
u
n
d
a
m
en
tal
r
eg
u
lato
r
y
d
im
en
s
io
n
s
:
r
atio
n
e
tem
p
o
r
is
(
tem
p
o
r
al
s
co
p
e)
,
r
atio
n
e
p
er
s
o
n
ae
(
p
er
s
o
n
al
s
co
p
e)
,
r
atio
n
e
m
ater
i
a
e
(
m
ater
ial
s
co
p
e)
,
a
n
d
r
atio
n
e
lo
ci
(
ter
r
ito
r
ial
o
r
g
eo
g
r
a
p
h
ical
s
co
p
e
)
.
I
t
ex
am
i
n
es
h
o
w
th
e
Act
f
u
n
ctio
n
s
as
a
leg
al
in
s
tr
u
m
e
n
t
with
in
t
h
e
E
U's
d
ig
ital
s
tr
ateg
y
an
d
ass
ess
e
s
it
s
b
r
o
ad
er
im
p
licatio
n
s
f
o
r
AI
g
o
v
er
n
an
ce
b
ey
o
n
d
th
e
E
U.
Dr
awin
g
o
n
d
o
ctr
in
al
leg
al
r
esear
ch
an
d
co
m
p
a
r
ativ
e
m
eth
o
d
o
lo
g
y
,
th
is
ar
ticle
ev
alu
ates
h
o
w
th
e
Act
r
esp
o
n
d
s
to
em
er
g
in
g
leg
al
r
is
k
s
,
to
wh
at
ex
ten
t
it
ad
v
an
ce
s
th
e
p
r
o
tectio
n
o
f
f
u
n
d
am
en
tal
r
ig
h
ts
,
an
d
wh
eth
er
it
estab
lis
h
es
a
wo
r
k
ab
le
f
r
am
ewo
r
k
f
o
r
r
esp
o
n
s
ib
le
in
n
o
v
atio
n
.
In
d
o
i
n
g
s
o
,
th
e
p
a
p
er
co
n
t
r
ib
u
tes to
th
e
o
n
g
o
i
n
g
ac
ad
em
ic
d
is
co
u
r
s
e
o
n
AI
r
eg
u
latio
n
b
y
p
r
o
v
id
in
g
a
cr
itical,
m
u
lti
-
d
im
en
s
io
n
al
ev
alu
atio
n
o
f
th
e
E
U
AI
Act
an
d
o
f
f
er
in
g
in
s
ig
h
ts
th
at
ar
e
d
ir
ec
tly
r
elev
an
t
f
o
r
leg
al
s
ch
o
lar
s
,
p
o
licy
m
ak
er
s
,
tech
n
o
lo
g
y
d
ev
elo
p
er
s
,
an
d
ci
v
il
s
o
ciety
ad
v
o
ca
tes
en
g
ag
e
d
in
s
h
ap
in
g
th
e
f
u
tu
r
e
o
f
AI
g
o
v
e
r
n
an
ce
.
2.
L
I
T
E
R
AT
U
RE
R
E
VI
E
W
T
h
e
EU
p
r
esen
ted
h
ar
m
o
n
iz
ed
s
tan
d
ar
d
s
f
o
r
AI
ap
p
licatio
n
s
,
co
m
m
itted
to
en
s
u
r
in
g
s
af
ety
an
d
p
r
o
tectin
g
b
asic r
ig
h
ts
in
lin
e
with
E
U
p
r
in
cip
les,
in
r
esp
o
n
s
e
to
th
e
ex
p
o
n
en
tial g
r
o
wth
o
f
th
e
tech
n
o
lo
g
y
[
1
]
.
T
h
e
E
u
r
o
p
ea
n
Par
liam
e
n
t
an
d
C
o
u
n
cil'
s
R
eg
u
latio
n
(
E
U)
2
0
2
4
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6
8
9
(
h
e
r
ein
af
ter
-
E
U
AI
Act)
,
wh
ich
e
s
t
a
b
li
s
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h
a
r
m
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z
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o
n
AI
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n
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a
s
p
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s
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e
d
o
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J
u
n
e
1
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,
2
0
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4
,
a
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o
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r
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t
h
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I
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t
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m
s
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i
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h
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m
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r
k
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t
a
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f
e
,
c
o
m
p
ly
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l
a
w
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g
a
r
d
i
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m
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v
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l
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e
s
w
it
h
i
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t
h
e
E
U
,
a
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o
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r
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s
k
,
a
n
d
d
o
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v
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t
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h
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m
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e
d
o
m
s
(
R
e
g
u
l
a
t
i
o
n
2
0
2
4
/
1
6
8
9
)
.
T
h
e
E
U
AI
Act,
wi
th
its
f
o
cu
s
o
n
p
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tectin
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f
u
n
d
am
en
tal
r
ig
h
ts
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d
m
itig
atin
g
r
is
k
s
,
p
o
s
s
es
s
es
th
e
ca
p
ac
ity
to
in
f
l
u
en
ce
th
e
f
u
tu
r
e
o
f
r
esp
o
n
s
ib
le
AI
d
e
v
elo
p
m
en
t
an
d
d
ep
lo
y
m
en
t
g
l
o
b
all
y
.
T
h
e
E
U
AI
Act
is
an
attem
p
t
to
h
o
r
iz
o
n
tally
g
o
v
er
n
AI
f
o
r
t
h
e
f
i
r
s
t
tim
e
in
h
is
t
o
r
y
.
Nijweid
e
[
2
]
m
en
tio
n
e
d
,
t
h
at,
th
e
E
U
AI
Act
is
a
s
ig
n
if
ican
t
s
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f
o
r
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d
i
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s
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ac
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litt
le
r
eg
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latio
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,
wh
ich
will
r
e
d
u
ce
th
e
h
ar
m
ca
u
s
ed
b
y
d
esig
n
o
v
er
s
ig
h
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d
b
iased
tr
ain
in
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ata
wh
ile
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s
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r
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I
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tem
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r
ef
u
lly
m
o
n
ito
r
ed
[
3
]
,
[
4
]
.
Ho
wev
er
,
th
e
E
U
AI
Act
h
a
s
b
ee
n
cr
iticized
f
o
r
its
h
ea
v
y
-
h
an
d
ed
a
p
p
r
o
ac
h
,
p
lacin
g
p
o
ten
tially
b
u
r
d
e
n
s
o
m
e
r
e
g
u
latio
n
s
o
n
AI
d
ev
elo
p
m
en
t.
So
m
e
ar
g
u
e
th
at
th
e
Act'
s
s
tr
ict
r
eq
u
ir
em
en
ts
co
u
ld
s
tifle
in
n
o
v
atio
n
an
d
h
i
n
d
er
th
e
g
r
o
wth
o
f
AI
tec
h
n
o
lo
g
ies
[
5
]
,
[
6
]
.
An
o
t
h
er
c
r
iticis
m
o
f
E
U
AI
Act
is
th
at
it
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
2
5
2
-
8
7
7
6
I
n
t J I
n
f
&
C
o
m
m
u
n
T
ec
h
n
o
l
,
Vo
l.
1
4
,
No
.
3
,
Dec
em
b
er
20
2
5
:
960
-
9
7
1
962
co
n
tain
s
s
ig
n
if
ican
t
g
ap
s
,
p
ar
ti
cu
lar
ly
r
eg
ar
d
in
g
th
e
class
if
icatio
n
o
f
h
ig
h
-
r
is
k
AI
s
y
s
tem
s
.
Pro
v
id
er
s
ca
n
s
elf
-
ass
es
s
th
eir
s
y
s
tem
s
as
lo
w
-
r
is
k
,
cir
cu
m
v
en
tin
g
s
tr
in
g
en
t
r
e
g
u
latio
n
s
.
Ad
d
itio
n
ally
,
t
h
e
Act
lack
s
m
ec
h
an
is
m
s
to
m
itig
ate
p
o
ten
tial
h
a
r
m
s
to
f
u
n
d
a
m
en
tal
r
ig
h
ts
an
d
f
ails
t
o
en
s
u
r
e
tr
a
n
s
p
ar
en
cy
in
s
en
s
itiv
e
ar
ea
s
lik
e
law
en
f
o
r
ce
m
e
n
t
an
d
b
o
r
d
er
c
o
n
tr
o
l.
T
h
e
E
U
AI
Act'
s
r
estr
ictio
n
s
o
n
f
ac
ial
r
ec
o
g
n
itio
n
tech
n
o
lo
g
y
h
a
v
e
s
ig
n
if
ican
t
lo
o
p
h
o
les.
W
h
ile
law
en
f
o
r
ce
m
e
n
t
u
s
e
is
lim
ite
d
,
it
s
till
allo
ws
f
o
r
b
r
o
ad
s
u
r
v
eillan
ce
,
ev
en
i
n
s
en
s
itiv
e
ar
ea
s
.
T
h
is
r
aise
s
co
n
ce
r
n
s
ab
o
u
t
p
r
iv
ac
y
v
io
latio
n
s
an
d
p
o
ten
tial d
is
cr
im
in
atio
n
.
Ov
er
all,
th
e
E
U
AI
Act's a
p
p
r
o
ac
h
to
f
ac
ial
r
ec
o
g
n
itio
n
tech
n
o
lo
g
y
is
in
s
u
f
f
icien
t to
p
r
o
t
ec
t h
u
m
a
n
r
ig
h
ts
[
7
]
,
[
8
]
.
Han
ch
er
et
a
l.
[
9
]
en
ac
tin
g
l
aws
g
o
v
er
n
in
g
AI
is
ess
en
tial
to
g
u
ar
an
teein
g
its
m
o
r
ally
an
d
s
af
ely
ap
p
lied
a
p
p
licatio
n
s
.
Haa
taja
an
d
B
r
y
s
o
n
[
1
0
]
,
Fra
s
er
an
d
Villar
in
o
[
1
1
]
d
is
cu
s
s
h
o
w
th
e
E
U'
s
o
s
ten
s
ib
ly
"e
th
ical"
r
eg
u
latio
n
o
f
A
I
co
n
n
ec
ts
to
m
o
r
e
c
o
n
v
e
n
tio
n
al
r
e
g
u
lato
r
y
g
o
als,
p
ar
ticu
lar
ly
th
o
s
e
ce
n
ter
ed
ar
o
u
n
d
th
e
s
in
g
le
m
a
r
k
et
an
d
th
e
elim
in
atio
n
o
f
o
b
s
tacle
s
to
c
o
m
p
etitio
n
.
C
iu
r
ea
[
1
2
]
,
W
an
g
[
1
3
]
an
aly
s
is
,
th
e
AI
Act
h
as
th
e
p
o
ten
tial
to
c
o
n
s
tan
tly
s
ca
le
u
p
im
p
r
o
v
e
d
p
r
ac
tices
f
o
r
g
o
o
d
s
with
in
tellig
en
t
co
m
p
o
n
en
ts
in
th
e
E
U
th
r
o
u
g
h
th
e
f
o
r
ce
an
d
s
tr
e
n
g
th
o
f
p
r
o
d
u
ct
leg
is
latio
n
.
H
o
wev
er
,
th
er
e
is
also
a
p
o
s
s
ib
ilit
y
th
at
th
e
law
will
ju
s
t
s
er
v
e
as
win
d
o
w
d
r
ess
in
g
,
tar
g
etin
g
a
s
elec
t
f
ew
elite
p
l
ay
er
s
af
ter
th
e
f
ac
t.
T
h
e
E
U
A
I
Act'
s
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
to
r
is
k
m
an
ag
em
e
n
t
an
d
r
is
k
to
l
er
an
ce
f
o
r
h
ig
h
-
r
is
k
AI
s
y
s
tem
s
th
at
en
d
an
g
er
p
e
o
p
le'
s
s
af
ety
an
d
f
u
n
d
am
en
tal
r
ig
h
ts
is
s
ev
er
ely
ex
am
in
ed
[
1
4
]
.
T
h
e
E
U
AI
Act
is
a
m
ajo
r
s
tep
f
o
r
war
d
i
n
r
esh
ap
in
g
th
e
g
lo
b
al
r
eg
u
lato
r
y
e
n
v
ir
o
n
m
e
n
t
f
o
r
AI
.
Desp
ite
a
ll
ch
allen
g
es,
th
er
e
is
a
g
r
o
win
g
c
o
n
s
en
s
u
s
th
a
t
in
ter
n
atio
n
al
AI
r
e
g
u
latio
n
s
ar
e
n
ec
ess
ar
y
to
g
u
ar
an
tee
th
e
et
h
ical
cr
ea
tio
n
an
d
ap
p
licatio
n
o
f
AI
.
As
AI
tech
n
o
lo
g
y
co
n
tin
u
es
to
d
ev
el
o
p
,
it
is
lik
ely
th
at
we
will
s
ee
m
o
r
e
an
d
m
o
r
e
in
ter
n
atio
n
al
i
n
itiativ
e
s
to
d
ev
elo
p
AI
r
eg
u
latio
n
s
.
T
h
er
e
ar
e
a
n
u
m
b
e
r
o
f
r
esear
ch
er
s
,
wh
o
an
aly
ze
d
A
I
r
eg
u
latio
n
o
n
th
e
g
lo
b
al
le
v
el
an
d
t
h
e
p
lace
o
f
E
U
AI
Act
in
in
ter
n
atio
n
al
r
eg
u
latio
n
o
f
AI
.
Fo
r
in
s
tan
ce
,
[
1
5
]
e
x
am
in
ed
h
o
w
th
e
E
U
AI
Act
af
f
ec
te
d
th
e
2
0
3
0
UN
s
u
s
tain
ab
le
d
ev
e
lo
p
m
e
n
t
g
o
als.
T
h
e
le
g
is
lativ
e
an
d
p
o
licy
e
n
v
ir
o
n
m
en
t
ar
o
u
n
d
AI
in
th
e
E
U
a
n
d
o
th
er
in
ter
n
atio
n
al
ju
r
is
d
ictio
n
s
was
s
tu
d
ied
[
1
6
]
.
Fu
r
th
er
m
o
r
e,
th
e
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
t
h
at
r
eg
io
n
al
an
d
U
n
ited
Natio
n
s
ag
en
cies
h
av
e
tak
en
to
AI
was
d
etailed
in
a
s
tu
d
y
co
n
d
u
cted
am
o
n
g
i
n
ter
n
atio
n
al
o
r
g
an
izatio
n
s
.
Sin
ce
A
I
leg
is
latio
n
is
s
till
in
its
ea
r
ly
s
tag
es,
r
u
les,
co
d
es
o
f
eth
ics,
an
d
d
ec
la
r
atio
n
s
an
d
ac
ts
b
y
g
o
v
er
n
m
en
ts
an
d
th
eir
ag
e
n
cies
r
eg
ar
d
in
g
AI
wer
e
also
d
is
cu
s
s
ed
[
1
7
]
,
[
1
8
]
.
Nu
m
er
o
u
s
s
cien
tis
ts
co
n
d
u
cted
r
esear
ch
o
n
a
c
o
m
p
ar
ativ
e
ex
am
in
atio
n
o
f
th
e
E
U'
s
law
s
g
o
v
er
n
in
g
AI
an
d
o
th
e
r
co
u
n
tr
ies
o
f
th
e
wo
r
ld
.
Fo
r
ex
a
m
p
le,
Ku
s
c
h
e
[
1
9
]
m
ad
e
th
e
c
o
m
p
ar
is
o
n
o
f
E
U
an
d
C
h
in
a
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
es
f
r
o
m
th
e
s
tan
d
p
o
i
n
t
o
f
h
o
w
to
m
ak
e
AI
r
u
les
an
d
r
eg
u
latio
n
s
ap
p
licab
le
o
u
ts
i
d
e
n
atio
n
al
b
o
r
d
er
s
.
Ste
war
t [
2
0
]
co
m
p
ar
ed
th
e
ai
m
s
an
d
eth
ical
o
u
tc
o
m
es o
f
th
e
r
eg
u
latin
g
A
I
in
C
h
in
a
an
d
t
h
e
E
U.
3.
RE
S
E
ARCH
M
E
T
H
O
D
T
h
is
s
tu
d
y
em
p
lo
y
ed
a
q
u
al
itativ
e
r
esear
ch
d
esig
n
t
h
at
in
teg
r
ates
a
s
y
s
tem
atic
leg
al
d
o
ctr
in
al
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
an
d
co
m
p
a
r
ativ
e
leg
al
an
aly
s
is
.
T
h
e
p
r
im
ar
y
aim
was
to
cr
itica
lly
ex
am
in
e
th
e
leg
al
ch
allen
g
es
ass
o
ciate
d
with
th
e
E
U
AI
Act
in
th
e
c
o
n
tex
t
o
f
th
e
d
i
g
ital
ec
o
n
o
m
y
.
T
h
e
r
esear
c
h
f
o
llo
wed
a
s
tr
u
ctu
r
e
d
s
eq
u
en
ce
:
(
i
)
co
llectio
n
an
d
s
elec
tio
n
o
f
ac
ad
em
ic
p
u
b
licatio
n
s
,
leg
al
tex
ts
,
an
d
p
o
licy
r
e
p
o
r
ts
r
el
ev
an
t
to
A
I
r
eg
u
latio
n
in
th
e
E
U,
US,
an
d
C
h
in
a;
(
ii
)
class
if
icatio
n
o
f
s
o
u
r
ce
s
in
to
th
em
atic
ca
teg
o
r
ies
s
u
ch
as
s
co
p
e
(
r
atio
n
e
tem
p
o
r
is
,
p
er
s
o
n
ae
,
m
ater
iae,
an
d
lo
ci)
,
f
u
n
d
am
en
tal
r
ig
h
ts
,
r
is
k
-
b
ased
class
if
icatio
n
,
an
d
ex
tr
ater
r
ito
r
iality
;
(
iii
)
ap
p
lica
ti
o
n
o
f
leg
al
in
te
r
p
r
etatio
n
te
ch
n
iq
u
es
-
p
ar
tic
u
lar
ly
teleo
l
o
g
ical
an
d
s
y
s
tem
ic
in
ter
p
r
etatio
n
-
to
an
al
y
ze
th
e
o
b
jectiv
es,
co
n
s
is
ten
cy
,
a
n
d
im
p
lem
en
tatio
n
ch
allen
g
es
o
f
th
e
E
U
AI
Act;
(
iv
)
cr
o
s
s
-
ju
r
is
d
ictio
n
al
co
m
p
ar
is
o
n
with
US
an
d
C
h
in
ese
AI
leg
is
latio
n
to
id
e
n
tify
g
ap
s
,
d
iv
er
g
e
n
ce
s
,
an
d
b
est
p
r
ac
tices.
E
ac
h
s
tep
wa
s
d
o
cu
m
en
ted
an
d
r
ev
iewe
d
t
o
en
s
u
r
e
tr
an
s
p
ar
en
cy
an
d
r
e
p
r
o
d
u
cib
ilit
y
o
f
th
e
leg
al
an
aly
s
is
.
T
h
is
r
ig
o
r
o
u
s
m
eth
o
d
o
l
o
g
ical
a
p
p
r
o
ac
h
e
n
s
u
r
es
th
at
f
i
n
d
in
g
s
ar
e
r
o
b
u
s
t
an
d
r
e
p
licab
le
b
y
o
th
er
s
ch
o
l
ar
s
ex
am
in
in
g
A
I
leg
al
f
r
am
ewo
r
k
s
.
T
h
e
d
ialec
tical
m
eth
o
d
is
b
ased
o
n
th
e
b
asic
p
r
in
cip
les
o
f
d
ialec
tics
,
s
tu
d
y
in
g
th
e
E
U
AI
Act
f
r
o
m
th
e
p
er
s
p
ec
tiv
e
o
f
u
n
ity
.
W
ith
in
its
s
tr
u
ctu
r
e,
an
aly
s
is
an
d
s
y
n
th
esis
ar
e
ac
tiv
ely
u
s
ed
,
wh
ich
h
elp
t
o
s
ep
ar
ate
th
e
E
U
AI
Act
in
to
in
d
iv
id
u
al
elem
en
ts
an
d
ex
p
l
o
r
e
th
eir
r
elatio
n
s
h
ip
s
.
I
n
th
e
ar
ticle,
we
d
iv
id
ed
th
e
an
al
y
s
is
th
e
E
U
AI
Act
f
o
r
th
e
s
u
b
s
eq
u
en
t
elem
en
ts
,
s
u
ch
as
r
atio
n
e
tem
p
o
r
is
,
r
atio
n
e
p
er
s
o
n
ae
,
r
atio
n
e
lo
ci
,
a
n
d
r
atio
n
e
m
ater
iae.
T
h
e
lo
g
ical
m
eth
o
d
ass
u
m
es
th
a
t
th
e
E
U
AI
Act
i
s
s
tu
d
ied
u
s
in
g
f
o
r
m
al
lo
g
ic.
T
h
e
tech
n
iq
u
es
u
s
ed
in
th
is
m
eth
o
d
o
lo
g
y
ar
e
d
ed
u
ctio
n
an
d
in
d
u
ctio
n
,
t
h
e
p
r
in
cip
les
o
f
an
al
o
g
y
a
n
d
i
d
en
tity
.
T
h
e
an
aly
s
is
o
f
t
h
e
E
U
AI
Act
as
a
p
ar
t
o
f
th
e
E
U
d
i
g
ital
m
ar
k
et
s
er
v
es
as
t
h
e
m
ain
g
u
id
e
f
o
r
t
h
e
s
y
s
tem
atic
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
.
T
h
e
E
U
AI
Act
wa
s
ex
am
in
ed
as
a
f
u
n
d
am
en
tal
co
m
p
o
n
en
t
o
f
E
U
law
with
th
e
ass
is
tan
ce
o
f
th
e
s
y
s
tem
ic
-
s
tr
u
ctu
r
al
tech
n
iq
u
e
o
f
E
U
AI
Act
r
esear
ch
.
Usi
n
g
th
e
leg
ally
h
is
to
r
ical
m
eth
o
d
,
th
e
E
U
AI
Act
was
ex
am
in
ed
f
r
o
m
th
e
p
er
s
p
ec
t
iv
e
o
f
its
tem
p
o
r
al
d
ev
elo
p
m
en
t.
C
o
n
s
id
er
in
g
th
e
f
ea
tu
r
es
o
f
th
e
f
o
u
r
th
an
d
f
i
f
th
in
d
u
s
tr
ial
r
e
v
o
lu
tio
n
s
,
th
e
l
o
g
ic
b
y
wh
ich
th
e
Act
was
wr
itten
an
d
its
n
ec
ess
ity
f
o
r
m
o
d
er
n
r
eg
u
latio
n
was
u
n
d
e
r
s
to
o
d
.
Mo
r
eo
v
er
,
leg
ally
h
is
to
r
ical
m
eth
o
d
h
elp
ed
to
i
d
en
tify
wh
e
n
ce
r
tai
n
r
e
q
u
ir
e
m
en
ts
o
f
th
e
E
U
AI
Act
wo
u
ld
co
m
e
in
to
e
f
f
ec
t.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
t J I
n
f
&
C
o
m
m
u
n
T
ec
h
n
o
l
I
SS
N:
2252
-
8
7
7
6
Leg
a
l c
h
a
llen
g
es o
f a
r
tifi
cia
l in
tellig
en
ce
in
th
e
E
u
r
o
p
ea
n
Un
io
n
’
s
…
(
Ta
ma
r
a
K
o
r
tu
ko
v
a
)
963
W
ith
th
e
h
elp
o
f
th
e
c
o
m
p
ar
at
iv
e
leg
al
m
eth
o
d
a
n
aly
s
is
o
f
l
eg
is
lativ
e
m
eth
o
d
s
f
o
r
r
eg
u
lat
in
g
AI
in
co
u
n
tr
ies
s
u
ch
as
th
e
USA
an
d
C
h
in
a
was
ca
r
r
ied
o
u
t,
as
well
as
c
o
m
p
ar
ed
its
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
es
with
th
e
E
U
o
n
e.
T
h
e
f
in
d
in
g
s
f
r
o
m
th
is
m
u
lti
-
f
a
ce
ted
r
esear
ch
m
eth
o
d
o
l
o
g
y
s
er
v
e
as
th
e
b
asis
f
o
r
t
h
e
d
is
cu
s
s
io
n
an
d
r
ec
o
m
m
en
d
atio
n
s
p
r
esen
ted
in
th
e
ar
ticle.
A
co
m
p
r
eh
e
n
s
iv
e
an
aly
s
is
o
f
s
ch
o
lar
ly
wo
r
k
s
,
o
f
f
icial
p
ap
e
r
s
,
an
d
b
u
s
in
ess
r
ep
o
r
ts
p
er
tai
n
in
g
to
AI
leg
is
latio
n
in
th
e
EU
was
ca
r
r
ied
o
u
t.
Key
s
o
u
r
ce
s
in
clu
d
e
d
p
r
im
ar
y
a
n
d
s
ec
o
n
d
ar
y
E
U
leg
is
latio
n
,
jo
u
r
n
al
ar
ticles,
b
o
o
k
s
,
E
U
p
o
licy
p
ap
er
s
,
an
d
p
u
b
licatio
n
s
f
r
o
m
th
in
k
tan
k
s
.
T
h
e
liter
atu
r
e
r
ev
iew
f
o
c
u
s
ed
o
n
id
en
tify
in
g
th
e
m
ajo
r
leg
al
a
n
d
r
e
g
u
lato
r
y
is
s
u
es
s
u
r
r
o
u
n
d
in
g
th
e
g
o
v
er
n
an
ce
o
f
AI
t
ec
h
n
o
lo
g
ies
in
th
e
co
n
tex
t o
f
th
e
E
U’
s
d
ig
ital e
co
n
o
m
y
.
T
h
is
r
esear
ch
u
tili
ze
d
a
q
u
alitativ
e
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
,
an
aly
zin
g
ac
a
d
em
ic
an
d
p
o
licy
liter
atu
r
e,
o
f
f
icial
E
U
d
o
cu
m
e
n
ts
,
an
d
co
m
p
ar
ativ
e
leg
is
lativ
e
p
r
ac
tices
to
u
n
d
er
s
tan
d
th
e
r
eg
u
l
ato
r
y
d
im
e
n
s
io
n
s
o
f
AI
with
in
t
h
e
E
U’
s
d
ig
ital
ec
o
n
o
m
y
.
Key
m
eth
o
d
s
in
clu
d
ed
d
ialec
tical
an
d
s
y
s
tem
ic
-
s
tr
u
ctu
r
al
a
n
aly
s
is
,
d
iv
id
in
g
t
h
e
E
U
AI
Act
in
to
its
tem
p
o
r
al,
p
e
r
s
o
n
a
l,
m
ater
ial,
an
d
g
eo
g
r
ap
h
ical
s
co
p
es.
Ad
d
itio
n
ally
,
a
co
m
p
ar
ativ
e
leg
al
m
eth
o
d
was
e
m
p
lo
y
ed
t
o
ex
am
i
n
e
AI
g
o
v
e
r
n
an
ce
f
r
am
ewo
r
k
s
in
t
h
e
US
an
d
C
h
in
a.
His
to
r
ical
an
d
lo
g
ical
m
eth
o
d
s
p
r
o
v
id
e
d
in
s
ig
h
ts
in
to
th
e
ev
o
lu
tio
n
an
d
r
atio
n
ale
o
f
th
e
E
U
AI
Act,
wh
ile
s
p
ec
if
ic
s
y
s
te
m
ic
p
r
in
cip
les
s
u
ch
as in
d
u
ctio
n
an
d
d
e
d
u
ctio
n
cla
r
if
ied
its
im
p
licatio
n
s
.
4.
RE
SU
L
T
S
T
h
e
s
tu
d
y
h
ig
h
lig
h
ts
th
at
th
e
E
U
AI
Act’
s
em
p
h
asi
s
o
n
f
u
n
d
am
en
tal
r
ig
h
ts
co
n
tr
asts
with
th
e
m
o
r
e
in
n
o
v
atio
n
-
d
r
i
v
en
US
ap
p
r
o
a
ch
an
d
th
e
s
tate
-
ce
n
tr
ic
C
h
i
n
ese
m
o
d
el.
Fo
r
in
s
tan
ce
,
t
h
e
Act’
s
h
ig
h
-
r
is
k
class
if
icatio
n
p
r
o
v
id
es
s
tr
icte
r
co
n
tr
o
ls
b
u
t
lack
s
d
etailed
m
ec
h
an
is
m
s
f
o
r
o
n
g
o
in
g
o
v
e
r
s
ig
h
t.
T
h
is
d
if
f
er
s
f
r
o
m
C
h
in
a'
s
d
etailed
alg
o
r
ith
m
ic
ac
co
u
n
tab
ilit
y
f
r
am
ewo
r
k
o
r
th
e
US’
s
f
lex
ib
le
b
u
t
f
r
ag
m
en
ted
r
eg
u
lato
r
y
en
v
ir
o
n
m
en
t.
T
h
is
an
aly
s
is
id
en
tifie
s
s
ev
er
al
lim
itatio
n
s
in
th
e
E
U
AI
Act,
s
u
c
h
as
am
b
ig
u
ity
in
d
ef
in
in
g
"h
ig
h
-
r
is
k
"
s
y
s
tem
s
,
r
elian
ce
o
n
s
elf
-
ass
ess
m
en
t
b
y
p
r
o
v
id
e
r
s
,
an
d
in
s
u
f
f
icien
t
s
af
eg
u
ar
d
s
ag
ain
s
t
AI
m
is
u
s
e
in
s
en
s
itiv
e
s
ec
to
r
s
lik
e
m
ig
r
atio
n
a
n
d
b
o
r
d
er
c
o
n
tr
o
l.
Ad
d
itio
n
all
y
,
its
im
p
lem
en
tatio
n
m
ay
d
is
p
r
o
p
o
r
tio
n
ately
b
u
r
d
e
n
SME
s
,
p
o
ten
tially
s
tiflin
g
in
n
o
v
at
io
n
.
4
.
1
.
Ra
t
io
ne
t
e
m
po
ris o
f
t
he
E
U
AI Ac
t
T
h
e
r
atio
n
e
tem
p
o
r
is
r
e
f
er
s
t
o
th
e
tim
e
p
e
r
io
d
o
v
er
wh
ic
h
th
e
leg
is
latio
n
will
ap
p
l
y
.
Dr
af
ted
in
ac
co
r
d
an
ce
with
th
e
o
b
jectiv
e
s
o
f
th
e
d
ig
ital
s
in
g
le
m
ar
k
et,
th
e
E
u
r
o
p
ea
n
co
m
m
is
s
io
n
r
e
le
ased
a
p
r
o
p
o
s
al
f
o
r
a
r
eg
u
latio
n
o
f
th
e
E
u
r
o
p
ea
n
p
ar
liam
en
t
a
n
d
o
f
th
e
co
u
n
cil
o
n
Ap
r
il
2
1
,
2
0
2
1
,
lay
in
g
o
u
t
u
n
if
ied
r
eg
u
latio
n
s
o
n
AI
[
2
1
]
.
Fo
llo
win
g
th
e
ad
o
p
tio
n
b
y
th
e
E
u
r
o
p
ea
n
p
ar
liam
en
t o
n
Ma
r
ch
1
3
,
2
0
2
4
,
b
y
a
v
o
te
o
f
5
2
3
in
f
av
o
r
,
4
6
ag
ain
s
t,
an
d
4
9
a
b
s
ten
tio
n
s
,
as
p
er
th
e
o
r
d
i
n
ar
y
leg
is
lativ
e
p
r
o
ce
d
u
r
e
a
n
d
ap
p
r
o
v
al
o
f
th
e
co
u
n
cil
o
n
2
1
Ma
y
2
0
2
4
th
is
r
eg
u
latio
n
b
e
ca
m
e
an
e
n
f
o
r
ce
a
b
le
law
in
E
U
o
n
1
Au
g
u
s
t
2
0
2
4
,
2
0
d
ay
s
later
in
o
f
f
icial
jo
u
r
n
al
o
f
th
e
E
U
af
ter
t
h
e
p
u
b
licatio
n
,
th
at
was
m
ad
e
o
n
1
2
J
u
l
y
2
0
2
4
.
T
h
e
r
ef
o
r
e
,
a
ll
tim
e
co
u
n
ts
an
d
r
eq
u
ir
em
e
n
ts
estab
lis
h
ed
b
y
t
h
e
E
U
AI
Act
will
b
e
co
u
n
te
d
f
r
o
m
t
h
e
d
ay
t
h
e
law
we
n
t
i
n
to
ef
f
ec
t
in
E
U
AI
Act
(
Au
g
u
s
t 1
,
2
0
2
4
)
(
R
eg
u
lat
io
n
2
0
2
4
/1
6
8
9
)
[
2
2
]
.
T
h
e
E
U
AI
Act'
s
p
r
o
v
is
io
n
s
will
g
o
in
to
e
f
f
ec
t
g
r
ad
u
ally
:
s
tat
es
will
h
av
e
s
ix
m
o
n
th
s
to
o
u
tlaw
AI
s
y
s
tem
s
th
at
ar
e
o
u
tlawed
,
a
y
ea
r
to
im
p
o
s
e
r
eg
u
latio
n
s
o
n
"g
en
er
al
-
p
u
r
p
o
s
e
AI
s
y
s
tem
s
,
"
s
u
ch
as
ch
atb
o
ts
,
an
d
a
m
ax
im
u
m
o
f
3
6
m
o
n
t
h
s
f
o
r
A
I
s
y
s
tem
s
th
at
th
e
law
h
as
class
if
ied
as
"h
ig
h
r
is
k
".
A
r
ticle
5
6
o
f
th
e
E
U
AI
Ac
t
s
tip
u
lates
th
at
co
d
es
o
f
p
r
ac
tice
s
h
all
b
e
f
in
alize
d
with
in
9
m
o
n
th
s
o
f
th
e
E
U
AI
Ac
t’
s
en
tr
y
in
to
f
o
r
ce
(
R
eg
u
latio
n
2
0
2
4
/1
6
8
9
)
.
Ho
wev
er
,
th
e
E
U
AI
Act
h
as
b
ee
n
h
ig
h
ly
d
eb
ated
a
n
d
d
is
cu
s
s
ed
in
v
iew
o
f
th
e
r
atio
n
e
tem
p
o
r
is
.
So
m
e
h
a
v
e
ex
p
r
ess
ed
co
n
ce
r
n
s
wi
th
r
esp
ec
t
to
r
etr
o
s
p
ec
tiv
e
ap
p
licat
io
n
,
r
ef
er
r
in
g
to
a
s
itu
atio
n
wh
en
n
ewly
en
ac
ted
leg
is
latio
n
m
o
d
if
ies
r
ig
h
ts
ac
q
u
ir
ed
ea
r
lier
(
b
ef
o
r
e
th
e
tim
e
o
f
en
ac
tm
en
t
o
f
th
e
n
ew
r
eg
u
latio
n
s
)
o
r
c
h
an
g
es
le
g
al
co
n
s
eq
u
e
n
ce
s
f
o
r
e
v
en
ts
th
at
o
cc
u
r
r
e
d
in
th
e
p
ast.
Acc
o
r
d
in
g
to
r
esear
ch
er
s
it
co
u
ld
im
p
o
s
e
s
er
io
u
s
co
m
p
lian
ce
is
s
u
es
o
n
o
r
g
an
izatio
n
s
th
at
alr
ea
d
y
h
a
d
d
e
v
elo
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ed
o
r
d
ep
l
o
y
ed
a
n
AI
s
y
s
tem
b
ef
o
r
e
th
e
e
n
ac
tm
en
t d
ate
o
f
s
u
ch
a
law
[
2
3
]
.
Oth
er
s
h
av
e
f
av
o
r
ed
th
e
m
o
r
e
g
r
ad
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ated
a
p
p
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wh
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y
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u
ch
r
eg
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latio
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ap
p
lie
s
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AI
s
y
s
tem
s
o
n
ly
wh
e
n
th
ese
a
r
e
in
d
ev
elo
p
m
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in
t
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p
er
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o
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ter
th
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d
ate
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en
f
o
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ce
m
e
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t
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f
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I
n
th
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way
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b
u
s
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ess
es
an
d
o
r
g
a
n
i
za
tio
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av
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r
tim
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am
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lian
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d
ca
n
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ak
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tr
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an
g
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ap
t
t
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th
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n
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r
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lato
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f
r
am
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k
o
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As
a
r
esu
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it
was
d
eter
m
in
ed
th
at
th
e
g
r
ad
u
al
a
p
p
licatio
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f
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E
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law
o
n
AI
is
th
e
m
o
s
t a
cc
ep
ta
b
le
f
o
r
all
p
ar
ties
[
2
4
]
.
I
t
s
h
o
u
ld
b
e
m
en
tio
n
ed
,
th
at
wh
ile
n
u
m
e
r
o
u
s
c
o
u
n
tr
ies
h
av
e
en
ac
ted
AI
le
g
is
latio
n
ar
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u
n
d
th
e
s
am
e
t
im
e,
th
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ap
p
r
o
ac
h
es
to
r
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u
latio
n
v
ar
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s
ig
n
if
ica
n
tly
.
T
h
e
E
U,
US,
an
d
C
h
in
a,
f
o
r
in
s
tan
ce
,
h
av
e
ad
o
p
ted
d
is
tin
ct
s
tr
ateg
ies.
T
o
co
m
p
ar
e,
th
e
US
ad
o
p
ted
th
e
f
ed
e
r
al
AI
in
g
o
v
er
n
m
en
t
Act
an
d
th
e
n
atio
n
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A
I
in
itiativ
e
Act
in
2
0
2
0
.
Ho
we
v
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,
it
h
as
f
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cu
s
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p
r
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m
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tin
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AI
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d
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v
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m
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ath
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r
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latin
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c
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n
an
d
r
esear
ch
th
r
o
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s
u
b
s
id
ies.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
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2
2
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I
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C
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o
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2
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2
1
.
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h
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r
eg
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lat
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,
m
o
tiv
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b
y
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ce
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ab
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ith
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ican
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h
in
a'
s
ef
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o
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ts
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late
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.
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h
in
a'
s
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ea
s
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r
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o
r
th
e
m
an
ag
em
en
t
o
f
g
en
er
ativ
e
AI
s
er
v
ices,"
en
ac
ted
in
2
0
2
3
,
is
a
p
io
n
ee
r
in
g
p
iece
o
f
leg
is
latio
n
s
p
ec
if
ically
tar
g
etin
g
g
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er
ativ
e
AI
.
I
t m
an
d
at
es th
at
p
r
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id
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en
s
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r
e
b
o
th
t
h
e
tr
ain
in
g
d
ata
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d
g
en
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ated
co
n
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t
ar
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ac
cu
r
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d
tr
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th
f
u
l.
I
n
2
0
2
4
C
h
in
a
ad
o
p
ted
its
f
ir
s
t
c
o
m
p
r
eh
en
s
iv
e
n
atio
n
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-
lev
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l
r
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les
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n
AI
th
r
o
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h
th
e
AI
law
o
f
th
e
Peo
p
le'
s
R
ep
u
b
lic
o
f
C
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in
a.
T
h
e
E
U
AI
Act
s
tan
d
s
o
u
t
with
its
em
p
h
asis
o
n
tr
an
s
p
ar
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ac
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o
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ilit
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r
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ig
h
t.
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h
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m
p
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e
h
en
s
iv
e
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
aim
s
to
en
s
u
r
e
th
at
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is
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ev
elo
p
e
d
an
d
u
s
ed
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ically
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d
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esp
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ib
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ettin
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l
o
b
al
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tan
d
ar
d
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o
r
AI
r
e
g
u
latio
n
.
4
.
2
.
Ra
t
io
ne
perso
na
e
o
f
t
he
E
U
AI Ac
t
R
atio
n
e
p
er
s
o
n
ae
r
ef
er
s
to
th
e
en
titi
es
an
d
in
d
iv
id
u
als
th
at
a
r
e
s
u
b
ject
to
th
e
Act’
s
r
e
q
u
ir
e
m
en
ts
an
d
o
b
lig
atio
n
s
,
th
at
a
r
e
lis
ted
in
ar
t.
2
o
f
th
e
E
U
AI
Act
(
R
eg
u
latio
n
2
0
2
4
/1
6
8
9
)
.
T
h
e
E
U
AI
Act
r
eg
u
lates
th
e
cr
ea
tio
n
,
ap
p
licatio
n
,
an
d
u
s
a
g
e
o
f
AI
s
y
s
tem
s
b
o
th
in
s
id
e
an
d
o
u
ts
id
e
o
f
th
e
E
U
(
ex
tr
ater
r
ito
r
iality
an
d
B
r
u
s
s
els
im
p
ac
t)
in
a
wid
e
an
d
th
o
r
o
u
g
h
m
a
n
n
er
.
T
h
e
E
U
AI
Act
o
m
its
s
ev
er
al
im
p
o
r
tan
t
d
etails
[
2
5
]
.
Un
in
ten
tio
n
ally
d
is
co
v
e
r
ed
r
e
g
u
lato
r
y
g
ap
s
m
ay
ca
ll
f
o
r
d
i
s
cu
s
s
io
n
o
n
h
o
w
b
est
to
clo
s
e
th
em
,
wh
ile
o
th
er
tim
es,
th
e
d
is
co
v
er
y
o
f
s
u
c
h
g
ap
s
m
ay
in
d
icate
a
p
o
licy
c
h
o
ice.
At
th
e
s
am
e
tim
e,
d
et
er
m
in
in
g
p
r
ec
is
ely
wh
ich
ac
to
r
s
will
f
all
u
n
d
e
r
th
e
Act’
s
p
u
r
v
iew
is
cr
u
cial
f
o
r
en
s
u
r
in
g
e
f
f
ec
tiv
e
a
n
d
c
o
n
s
is
ten
t
im
p
lem
en
tatio
n
[
2
6
]
.
On
e
o
f
th
e
p
r
im
ar
y
co
n
s
id
er
a
tio
n
s
is
th
e
in
clu
s
io
n
o
f
b
o
t
h
p
u
b
lic
an
d
p
r
iv
ate
s
ec
to
r
en
ti
ties
.
B
o
th
g
o
v
er
n
m
en
t
al
an
d
p
r
iv
ate
i
n
s
titu
tio
n
s
th
at
d
ev
elo
p
,
im
p
lem
e
n
t,
o
r
u
tili
ze
AI
s
y
s
tem
s
will
b
e
s
u
b
ject
to
th
e
AI
Act.
T
h
is
in
clu
d
es
tech
n
o
lo
g
y
c
o
m
p
an
ies,
s
o
f
twar
e
d
e
v
elo
p
er
s
,
r
esear
ch
in
s
titu
tio
n
s
,
an
d
an
y
o
th
er
s
tak
eh
o
ld
er
s
in
t
h
e
AI
ec
o
s
y
s
tem
.
T
h
e
Act
en
co
m
p
ass
th
e
p
r
o
v
id
er
s
(
d
ev
elo
p
er
s
)
a
n
d
d
ep
lo
y
er
s
o
f
AI
,
s
u
c
h
as
b
u
s
in
ess
e
s
,
p
u
b
lic
au
th
o
r
i
ties
,
an
d
in
d
iv
id
u
als
wh
o
in
co
r
p
o
r
ate
AI
in
to
th
eir
p
r
o
d
u
cts,
s
er
v
ices,
o
r
d
ec
is
io
n
-
m
ak
in
g
p
r
o
ce
s
s
es
f
o
r
th
e
p
r
o
f
ess
io
n
al
p
u
r
p
o
s
es
o
n
ly
as
well
as
d
is
tr
ib
u
to
r
s
an
d
im
p
o
r
ter
s
o
f
A
I
s
y
s
tem
s
,
as we
ll a
s
an
y
in
d
iv
i
d
u
als im
p
ac
ted
,
wh
o
ar
e
b
ased
in
th
e
E
U
(
R
eg
u
latio
n
2
0
2
4
/1
6
8
9
)
[
2
7
]
.
Su
ch
a
wid
e
p
er
s
o
n
al
s
co
p
e
s
er
v
es
to
d
ea
l
with
th
e
in
tr
icat
ely
in
ter
co
n
n
ec
ted
v
alu
e
ch
ai
n
o
f
A
I
an
d
th
e
ass
o
ciate
d
co
m
p
lex
ity
.
T
h
e
E
U
aim
s
to
cr
ea
te
an
ex
p
an
s
iv
e
r
eg
u
lato
r
y
f
r
am
ewo
r
k
ca
p
ab
le
o
f
r
estrictin
g
r
is
k
s
an
d
m
ain
tain
i
n
g
eth
ical
s
tan
d
ar
d
s
ass
o
ciate
d
with
th
e
AI
tech
n
o
lo
g
y
,
wh
ile
also
m
ak
in
g
all
r
elev
an
t
p
ar
ties
ac
co
u
n
ta
b
le.
An
o
th
er
e
s
s
en
tial
p
o
in
t
in
p
er
s
o
n
al
s
co
p
e
is
th
e
p
o
licy
c
o
n
ce
r
n
in
g
SME
s
.
T
h
e
E
U
AI
Act
ac
k
n
o
wled
g
es
th
at
SME
s
ar
e
r
elev
an
t
s
tak
eh
o
ld
er
s
to
im
p
r
o
v
e
in
n
o
v
atio
n
a
n
d
co
m
p
etitio
n
in
th
e
AI
m
ar
k
et.
T
h
er
ef
o
r
e,
it
p
r
o
v
id
es
f
o
r
s
p
e
cial
g
u
id
a
n
ce
,
s
u
p
p
o
r
t,
an
d
p
o
s
s
ib
le
ex
em
p
tio
n
s
f
o
r
SME
s
d
u
e
to
th
eir
m
o
r
e
lim
ited
r
eso
u
r
ce
s
an
d
ca
p
ac
ities
,
co
m
p
ar
ed
to
lar
g
e
b
u
s
in
ess
f
ir
m
s
[
2
8
]
.
Ho
wev
er
,
it
h
as
to
b
e
b
o
r
n
e
i
n
m
in
d
th
at
AI
f
o
r
s
p
ec
if
icall
y
m
ilit
ar
y
p
u
r
p
o
s
es
will
f
all
co
m
p
letely
o
u
ts
id
e
th
e
s
co
p
e
o
f
th
e
E
U'
s
AI
Act.
T
h
e
m
ajo
r
r
ea
s
o
n
f
o
r
th
is
is
th
e
r
ec
o
g
n
itio
n
o
f
n
atio
n
al
s
o
v
er
eig
n
ty
a
n
d
th
e
co
m
p
eten
c
y
o
f
th
e
m
e
m
b
e
r
s
tates
with
r
eg
ar
d
to
d
ef
en
s
e
an
d
s
ec
u
r
ity
.
At
least
th
e
E
U
h
as
r
ec
o
g
n
ize
d
th
at
th
e
r
eg
u
latio
n
o
f
m
ilit
ar
y
AI
lies
o
u
ts
id
e
th
e
s
co
p
e
o
f
its
c
o
m
p
eten
cies,
th
ese
a
r
ea
s
ly
in
g
in
th
e
e
x
clu
s
iv
e
d
o
m
ain
o
f
n
atio
n
al
a
u
th
o
r
itie
s
.
T
h
e
ex
clu
s
io
n
o
f
m
ilit
ar
y
AI
f
r
o
m
th
e
E
U
AI
Act
ess
e
n
tially
d
ef
er
s
to
th
e
d
if
f
er
en
t
p
r
o
ce
d
u
r
es
an
d
g
u
i
d
elin
es
o
f
th
e
n
atio
n
al
g
o
v
er
n
m
en
ts
with
r
esp
ec
t
t
o
r
e
g
u
latin
g
th
e
d
e
v
elo
p
m
e
n
t
an
d
ap
p
licatio
n
o
f
t
h
ese
tech
n
o
lo
g
ies with
in
th
eir
r
esp
ec
tiv
e
ar
m
ed
s
er
v
ices [
2
9
]
.
I
n
th
is
r
eg
a
r
d
,
it
h
as
b
ee
n
n
o
ted
th
at
th
e
AI
Act'
s
ex
em
p
tio
n
f
o
r
n
atio
n
al
s
ec
u
r
ity
u
n
d
e
r
m
in
es
its
ef
f
ec
tiv
en
ess
in
p
r
o
tectin
g
h
u
m
an
r
ig
h
ts
[
3
0
]
.
T
h
is
ex
em
p
tio
n
allo
ws
g
o
v
er
n
m
en
ts
to
u
s
e
AI
f
o
r
s
u
r
v
eillan
ce
with
o
u
t
th
e
s
am
e
lev
el
o
f
s
cr
u
tin
y
as
o
th
er
AI
a
p
p
lica
tio
n
s
.
T
h
is
co
u
ld
lea
d
to
th
e
ab
u
s
e
o
f
AI
f
o
r
p
u
r
p
o
s
es
th
at
v
io
late
f
u
n
d
am
en
tal
r
ig
h
ts
,
s
u
ch
as
m
ass
s
u
r
v
eillan
ce
an
d
d
is
cr
im
in
atio
n
o
f
E
U
ci
tizen
s
,
im
m
ig
r
an
ts
,
r
ef
u
g
ee
s
,
an
d
an
y
o
n
e
else in
s
i
d
e
E
U
ter
r
ito
r
y
,
with
o
u
t a
n
y
j
u
s
tific
atio
n
[
3
1
]
.
I
t
s
h
o
u
ld
b
e
als
o
m
en
tio
n
e
d
,
th
at
th
e
E
U
AI
Act
will
n
o
t
c
o
v
er
in
d
iv
id
u
als,
th
at
u
s
e
AI
f
o
r
p
er
s
o
n
al,
non
-
p
r
o
f
ess
io
n
al
p
u
r
p
o
s
es,
s
o
cial
s
co
r
in
g
lead
in
g
to
d
et
r
im
en
tal/u
n
f
av
o
r
ab
le
tr
ea
tm
e
n
t,
AI
s
y
s
tem
f
o
r
r
esear
ch
,
b
io
m
etr
ic
id
en
tific
at
io
n
s
y
s
tem
s
.
T
h
e
u
ltima
te
o
b
j
ec
tiv
e
i
s
to
p
r
o
v
id
e
a
co
m
p
r
e
h
en
s
iv
e
an
d
f
lex
ib
le
r
eg
u
lato
r
y
f
r
a
m
ewo
r
k
th
at
ca
n
p
r
o
tect
E
u
r
o
p
ea
n
p
eo
p
le'
r
ig
h
ts
an
d
in
ter
ests
wh
ile
also
p
r
o
m
o
tin
g
in
n
o
v
atio
n
.
A
k
ey
elem
en
t
in
ac
h
ie
v
in
g
th
is
g
o
al
an
d
in
f
lu
en
cin
g
th
e
d
ir
ec
tio
n
o
f
AI
in
th
e
E
U
a
n
d
ab
r
o
ad
is
th
e
AI
A
ct'
s
p
er
s
o
n
al
s
co
p
e
[
3
2
]
.
W
h
ile
th
e
US
o
n
th
e
f
ed
er
al
lev
el
h
as
n
o
t
ad
o
p
ted
a
co
m
p
r
eh
en
s
iv
e
AI
law
lik
e
th
e
E
U
AI
Act,
its
r
eg
u
lato
r
y
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
in
v
o
l
v
es
a
d
iv
er
s
e
r
a
n
g
e
o
f
ac
to
r
s
a
n
d
m
ec
h
a
n
is
m
s
[
3
3
]
.
I
n
ter
alia,
th
e
n
atio
n
al
AI
in
itiativ
e
Act
o
f
2
0
2
0
p
r
im
ar
il
y
im
p
ac
ts
f
e
d
er
al
a
g
en
cies,
r
e
s
ea
r
ch
in
s
titu
tio
n
s
,
an
d
ed
u
ca
t
io
n
al
in
s
titu
tio
n
s
in
th
e
US.
T
h
e
Act
d
ir
ec
ts
th
ese
en
titi
es
to
co
o
r
d
i
n
ate
th
eir
e
f
f
o
r
ts
in
AI
r
esear
ch
,
d
ev
elo
p
m
en
t,
an
d
ed
u
ca
tio
n
.
W
h
ile
th
e
Act
d
o
es
n
o
t
d
ir
ec
tly
r
eg
u
late
p
r
i
v
ate
s
ec
to
r
AI
a
ctiv
ities
,
it
ca
n
in
d
ir
ec
tly
in
f
lu
en
ce
th
e
in
d
u
s
tr
y
th
r
o
u
g
h
th
e
d
ev
elo
p
m
en
t
o
f
s
tan
d
ar
d
s
an
d
th
e
p
r
o
m
o
tio
n
o
f
AI
r
esear
ch
[
3
4
]
.
T
h
e
Act'
s
f
o
cu
s
o
n
p
r
o
m
o
tin
g
US
lead
er
s
h
ip
in
AI
s
u
g
g
ests
th
at
it
m
ay
h
av
e
a
less
d
ir
ec
t
im
p
ac
t
o
n
b
u
s
in
ess
es
co
m
p
ar
ed
to
m
o
r
e
p
r
escr
ip
tiv
e
r
e
g
u
latio
n
s
,
s
u
ch
as
th
o
s
e
in
th
e
E
U.
T
h
e
A
I
law
o
f
t
h
e
Peo
p
le'
s
R
ep
u
b
lic
o
f
C
h
in
a,
2
0
2
4
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
t J I
n
f
&
C
o
m
m
u
n
T
ec
h
n
o
l
I
SS
N:
2252
-
8
7
7
6
Leg
a
l c
h
a
llen
g
es o
f a
r
tifi
cia
l in
tellig
en
ce
in
th
e
E
u
r
o
p
ea
n
Un
io
n
’
s
…
(
Ta
ma
r
a
K
o
r
tu
ko
v
a
)
965
p
r
im
ar
ily
ta
r
g
ets
en
titi
es
in
v
o
lv
ed
i
n
th
e
AI
life
cy
cle,
i
n
clu
d
in
g
d
e
v
elo
p
er
s
,
p
r
o
v
id
e
r
s
,
u
s
er
s
,
an
d
d
ata
p
r
o
v
id
e
r
s
.
T
h
e
law
s
ee
k
s
to
r
eg
u
late
th
e
d
e
v
elo
p
m
e
n
t,
ap
p
licatio
n
,
an
d
u
s
e
o
f
AI
tec
h
n
o
lo
g
ies,
ad
d
r
ess
in
g
is
s
u
es su
ch
as d
ata
p
r
iv
ac
y
,
al
g
o
r
ith
m
tr
a
n
s
p
ar
en
c
y
,
an
d
eth
i
ca
l c
o
n
s
id
er
atio
n
s
.
4
.
3
.
Ra
t
io
ne
lo
ci
o
f
t
he
E
U
AI Ac
t
AI
r
eg
u
latio
n
in
th
e
E
U
h
as
b
o
th
in
ter
n
al
an
d
ex
ter
n
al
d
im
en
s
io
n
s
.
I
n
ter
n
ally
,
th
e
E
U
AI
Act
p
r
o
v
id
es
a
co
m
p
r
e
h
en
s
iv
e
f
r
am
ewo
r
k
f
o
r
r
eg
u
latin
g
AI
s
y
s
tem
s
.
E
x
ter
n
ally
,
th
e
E
U'
s
in
f
lu
en
ce
ex
te
n
d
s
th
r
o
u
g
h
ex
t
r
ater
r
ito
r
iality
,
"Bru
s
s
els
E
f
f
ec
t"
o
f
E
U
AI
Act,
as
well
as
Dig
ital
co
o
p
e
r
atio
n
ag
r
ee
m
en
ts
with
th
ir
d
co
u
n
tr
ies.
T
h
e
E
U
AI
Act
is
d
ir
ec
tly
ef
f
ec
tiv
e
an
d
ap
p
licab
le
in
all
2
7
E
U
Me
m
b
er
States
as
it
was
en
ac
ted
th
r
o
u
g
h
th
e
o
r
d
in
ar
y
leg
is
lativ
e
p
r
o
ce
d
u
r
e
as
a
r
eg
u
latio
n
.
Ho
wev
er
,
two
E
U
m
em
b
e
r
s
,
Den
m
ar
k
an
d
I
r
elan
d
ar
e
o
p
te
d
-
o
u
t
f
r
o
m
p
ar
ts
o
f
th
e
E
U
AI
Act'
s
r
u
les,
as
s
tated
in
p
ar
ag
r
a
p
h
s
2
1
a
n
d
4
0
o
f
t
h
e
Act
(
R
eg
u
latio
n
2
0
2
4
/1
6
8
9
)
.
T
h
is
m
ea
n
s
th
at
I
r
elan
d
a
n
d
De
n
m
ar
k
wo
n
'
t
b
e
b
o
u
n
d
b
y
t
h
e
r
u
les
o
f
E
U
A
I
Act
r
elate
d
to
th
e
u
s
e
o
f
b
io
m
etr
ic
s
y
s
tem
s
an
d
p
r
o
ce
s
s
o
f
p
er
s
o
n
al
d
ata
f
o
r
p
o
lice
an
d
cr
im
in
al
ju
s
tice.
I
t w
as st
ip
u
lated
as
well
in
ar
ticles 2
an
d
2
a
o
f
p
r
o
to
c
o
l
n
o
.
2
2
an
d
ar
ticle
6
a
o
f
p
r
o
to
c
o
l n
o
.
2
1
,
wh
ic
h
ar
e
ap
p
en
d
e
d
to
th
e
T
E
U
an
d
to
th
e
T
FEU
[
3
5
]
.
I
t
is
wo
r
th
n
o
tin
g
,
th
at
th
e
ap
p
licatio
n
o
f
th
e
E
U
AI
Act
is
n
o
t
lim
ited
o
n
ly
b
y
E
U
b
o
r
d
er
s
.
I
t
will
h
av
e
a
v
ar
iety
o
f
ef
f
ec
ts
o
n
th
e
d
ev
elo
p
m
en
t
o
f
A
I
r
eg
u
latio
n
g
lo
b
ally
d
u
e
t
o
its
ex
tr
ater
r
ito
r
ial
ap
p
licatio
n
an
d
th
e
s
o
-
ca
lled
"
B
r
u
s
s
els ef
f
ec
t"
f
o
r
p
o
licy
m
a
k
er
s
.
Ar
ticle
2
o
f
t
h
e
E
U
AI
Act
d
e
f
in
es
th
e
ex
tr
ater
r
ito
r
ial
r
ea
ch
o
f
th
e
Act
in
an
ef
f
o
r
t
to
im
p
o
s
e
d
u
ties
o
n
n
o
n
-
E
U
b
u
s
in
es
s
es
th
at
s
u
p
p
ly
t
h
e
E
U
m
ar
k
et
o
r
o
f
f
er
AI
p
r
o
d
u
cts
an
d
s
er
v
ices
to
E
U
u
s
er
s
.
T
h
is
n
ec
ess
ar
ily
im
p
lies
th
at
co
m
p
lian
ce
with
th
e
r
eq
u
ir
em
en
ts
o
f
th
e
E
U
AI
Act
wo
u
ld
b
e
o
f
p
r
im
e
im
p
o
r
tan
ce
f
o
r
p
laci
n
g
an
d
m
a
r
k
etin
g
AI
-
en
ab
led
p
r
o
d
u
cts
in
th
e
E
U
i
n
ter
n
al
m
ar
k
e
t.
B
y
s
ettin
g
th
e
s
tan
d
ar
d
o
f
r
u
les,
wh
ich
o
th
er
c
o
u
n
tr
ies
h
a
v
e
to
m
atch
to
g
et
ac
ce
s
s
to
th
e
E
U
in
ter
n
al
m
ar
k
et,
E
U
leg
is
lato
r
s
aim
to
p
r
o
tect
th
e
E
U
citizen
s
.
Ho
wev
er
,
th
e
E
U
AI
Act'
s
ex
tr
ater
r
ito
r
ial
s
co
p
e
is
lim
ited
,
m
ea
n
i
n
g
th
at
AI
s
y
s
tem
s
ex
p
o
r
ted
o
u
ts
id
e
th
e
E
U
m
ay
n
o
t
b
e
s
u
b
ject
to
th
e
s
am
e
r
eg
u
latio
n
s
.
T
h
ese
lim
itatio
n
s
co
u
ld
u
n
d
er
m
in
e
t
h
e
E
U'
s
co
m
m
itm
en
t
to
h
u
m
an
r
ig
h
ts
an
d
g
lo
b
al
eth
ical
s
tan
d
ar
d
s
f
o
r
AI
.
T
h
e
B
r
u
s
s
els
ef
f
ec
t
is
a
leg
al
ter
m
t
h
at
d
escr
ib
es
th
e
ab
ilit
y
o
f
E
U
l
eg
is
latio
n
to
h
av
e
a
n
im
p
ac
t
o
n
th
e
leg
al
la
n
d
s
ca
p
e
o
f
o
th
er
co
u
n
tr
ies.
T
h
e
B
r
u
s
s
els
ef
f
ec
t
is
p
ar
ticu
lar
ly
r
elev
an
t
f
o
r
th
e
p
r
esen
t
an
aly
s
is
r
elate
d
to
th
e
E
U
AI
Act
s
i
n
ce
th
e
E
U
is
a
k
ey
p
lay
er
in
t
h
e
g
lo
b
al
AI
m
ar
k
et
,
an
d
its
leg
is
latio
n
m
ay
h
av
e
g
r
ea
t
ef
f
ec
ts
o
n
AI
d
e
v
elo
p
m
e
n
t
an
d
d
ep
lo
y
m
en
t
wo
r
ld
wid
e.
I
n
p
r
ac
tice,
th
e
E
U
AI
Act
c
o
u
ld
en
co
u
r
ag
e
o
th
e
r
co
u
n
tr
ie
s
to
ad
o
p
t
th
eir
o
wn
AI
r
eg
u
latio
n
s
th
at
ar
e
alig
n
ed
with
th
e
E
U’
s
p
r
in
cip
les,
lead
in
g
to
a
m
o
r
e
h
ar
m
o
n
ized
g
lo
b
al
r
eg
u
lato
r
y
f
r
am
ewo
r
k
f
o
r
AI
,
as
it
was,
f
o
r
in
s
tan
ce
,
with
g
en
e
r
a
l
d
ata
p
r
o
tectio
n
r
eg
u
latio
n
.
N
o
n
eth
eless
,
th
er
e
ar
e
m
a
n
y
d
is
cu
s
s
io
n
s
in
g
en
er
al
s
o
ciety
o
n
wh
eth
e
r
th
e
E
U
AI
Act
wo
u
ld
h
a
v
e
a
B
r
u
s
s
els
ef
f
ec
t.
Fo
r
e
x
am
p
le,
B
r
ad
f
o
r
d
ar
g
u
es
th
at
th
e
E
U
AI
Act
wo
u
ld
h
av
e
B
r
u
s
s
els e
f
f
ec
t a
n
d
in
s
p
ir
e
o
th
e
r
co
u
n
tr
i
es to
ad
o
p
t similar
to
E
U
laws
.
R
en
d
a
s
aid
th
e
E
U
h
as
to
d
e
v
elo
p
an
d
p
r
o
m
o
te
th
e
E
U
(
s
em
i
-
o
p
en
)
tech
n
o
l
o
g
y
s
tack
;
in
cr
ea
s
e
its
s
tr
ateg
ic
co
u
n
s
el
an
d
f
o
r
esig
h
t
r
ath
er
th
an
o
n
ly
r
el
y
in
g
o
n
th
e
B
r
u
s
s
el
s
ef
f
ec
t; a
n
d
m
ain
tain
p
o
licy
co
n
s
is
ten
cy
b
o
th
in
s
id
e
an
d
o
u
ts
id
e
o
f
E
U
ter
r
ito
r
y
[
3
6
]
.
C
o
n
v
er
s
ely
,
f
iv
e
co
m
p
o
n
en
ts
o
f
th
e
B
r
u
s
s
els
ef
f
ec
t
h
av
e
b
ee
n
id
en
tifie
d
:
m
ar
k
et
s
ize,
r
eg
u
lato
r
y
ca
p
ac
ity
,
s
tr
in
g
en
c
y
,
in
elastic
tar
g
et,
an
d
th
e
n
o
n
-
d
iv
is
ib
ili
ty
o
f
t
h
e
r
e
g
u
lated
o
b
ject.
Af
ter
an
alizin
g
it,
th
e
s
ch
o
lar
s
ca
m
e
t
o
th
e
co
n
cl
u
s
io
n
s
,
th
at
E
U
AI
Act
wo
u
ld
h
av
e
th
e
lim
ited
B
r
u
s
s
els
ef
f
ec
t
[
3
7
]
.
Similar
co
n
clu
s
io
n
s
h
av
e
b
ee
n
d
r
awn
,
with
s
o
m
e
s
ch
o
lar
s
s
tr
ess
in
g
th
at
p
o
r
tio
n
s
o
f
th
e
E
U'
s
AI
law
ar
e
lik
ely
s
u
b
ject
to
b
o
t
h
d
e
f
ac
t
o
an
d
d
e
ju
r
e
B
r
u
s
s
els
ef
f
ec
ts
.
T
h
e
B
r
u
s
s
els
ef
f
ec
t,
th
e
r
esear
ch
er
s
s
aid
,
will
p
r
o
b
a
b
ly
h
av
e
a
g
r
ea
ter
im
p
ac
t
th
an
eith
e
r
t
h
e
W
ash
in
g
to
n
E
f
f
ec
t
o
r
th
e
B
eijin
g
ef
f
ec
t.
Acc
o
r
d
in
g
to
o
n
e
an
aly
s
is
,
co
m
p
etitio
n
is
ex
p
ec
ted
to
ar
i
s
e
as
d
if
f
er
en
t
co
u
n
tr
ies
an
d
i
n
ter
n
atio
n
al
b
o
d
ies
en
ac
t
r
e
g
u
latio
n
s
p
er
tai
n
in
g
to
AI
[
3
8
]
.
I
n
th
is
p
iece
,
h
e
s
aid
th
at
r
ath
er
th
a
n
claim
in
g
t
o
b
e
"r
ac
in
g
"
to
r
eg
u
late,
th
e
E
U
wo
u
ld
s
tan
d
to
win
m
o
r
e
b
y
in
d
icatin
g
th
at
it
is
m
o
r
e
willin
g
to
co
llab
o
r
ate
an
d
lis
ten
to
cr
itici
s
m
f
r
o
m
th
e
r
est
o
f
th
e
d
em
o
cr
atic
wo
r
ld
.
I
f
n
o
t,
t
h
e
E
U
m
ig
h
t
en
d
u
p
c
o
m
p
letely
b
y
its
elf
at
th
e
f
in
is
h
lin
e.
An
y
way
,
o
n
e
o
f
th
e
k
ey
r
ea
s
o
n
s
f
o
r
th
e
B
r
u
s
s
els
ef
f
ec
t
i
s
th
e
s
ize
an
d
im
p
o
r
ta
n
ce
o
f
th
e
E
U’
s
ec
o
n
o
m
y
.
As
th
e
wo
r
ld
’
s
s
ec
o
n
d
-
lar
g
est
ec
o
n
o
m
y
,
th
e
E
U
r
ep
r
esen
ts
a
s
izab
le
m
ar
k
et
th
at
g
lo
b
al
co
m
p
an
ies
can
n
o
t a
f
f
o
r
d
to
ig
n
o
r
e.
W
h
en
th
e
E
U
en
ac
ts
s
tr
ict
laws
lik
e
th
e
g
en
er
al
d
ata
p
r
o
tectio
n
r
eg
u
latio
n
,
b
u
s
in
ess
es
o
f
ten
ch
o
o
s
e
to
co
m
p
ly
g
lo
b
ally
r
ath
er
th
an
cr
ea
te
s
ep
ar
at
e
p
r
o
d
u
cts
o
r
s
er
v
ices
f
o
r
th
e
E
u
r
o
p
ea
n
m
ar
k
et.
T
h
is
is
b
ec
au
s
e
th
e
r
ep
u
tatio
n
al
an
d
co
m
p
etitiv
e
r
is
k
s
o
f
n
o
n
-
co
m
p
lian
ce
ca
n
b
e
s
ig
n
if
ica
n
t,
as
cu
s
to
m
er
s
an
d
p
ar
tn
er
s
m
ay
b
ec
o
m
e
wa
r
y
o
f
wo
r
k
in
g
with
f
ir
m
s
th
at
d
o
n
o
t
m
ee
t th
e
E
U’
s
b
en
c
h
m
ar
k
s
.
I
t
s
h
o
u
ld
b
e
also
m
en
tio
n
e
d
,
t
h
at
th
e
B
r
u
s
s
els
ef
f
ec
t
is
n
o
t
with
o
u
t
its
ch
allen
g
es.
Sm
aller
co
m
p
an
ies
an
d
s
tar
tu
p
s
,
p
ar
ticu
lar
l
y
th
o
s
e
b
ased
o
u
ts
id
e
th
e
E
U,
m
ay
s
tr
u
g
g
le
to
m
ee
t
th
e
AI
Act’
s
co
m
p
lian
ce
r
eq
u
ir
em
e
n
ts
,
p
o
ten
tially
h
in
d
er
in
g
in
n
o
v
atio
n
an
d
lim
itin
g
ac
ce
s
s
to
th
e
E
u
r
o
p
ea
n
m
ar
k
et
.
Po
licy
m
ak
er
s
will
n
ee
d
to
ca
r
ef
u
lly
b
ala
n
ce
th
e
n
ee
d
f
o
r
r
o
b
u
s
t
r
eg
u
latio
n
with
th
e
g
o
al
o
f
f
o
s
ter
in
g
a
th
r
iv
i
n
g
an
d
in
clu
s
iv
e
AI
ec
o
s
y
s
tem
.
T
h
e
E
U'
s
ca
p
ac
ity
to
e
n
f
o
r
ce
its
r
estrictio
n
s
a
g
ain
s
t
n
o
n
c
o
m
p
lian
t
co
r
p
o
r
ati
o
n
s
an
d
th
e
g
lo
b
al
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
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I
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&
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m
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,
Vo
l.
1
4
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3
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Dec
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b
er
20
2
5
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966
ad
o
p
tio
n
o
f
t
h
e
E
U'
s
AI
d
ev
e
lo
p
m
en
t
an
d
d
e
p
lo
y
m
e
n
t
s
tan
d
ar
d
s
will
d
eter
m
in
e
h
o
w
p
o
we
r
f
u
l
th
e
B
r
u
s
s
els
im
p
ac
t is.
4
.
4
.
Ra
t
io
ne
ma
t
er
ia
e
o
f
t
he
E
U
AI Ac
t
I
n
ad
d
itio
n
to
r
ef
er
e
n
cin
g
E
U
p
r
in
cip
les
an
d
th
e
E
U
c
h
ar
ter
o
n
f
u
n
d
am
e
n
tal
r
ig
h
ts
,
th
e
f
ir
s
t
ar
ticle
o
f
th
e
E
U
AI
Act
h
ig
h
lig
h
ts
th
e
n
ec
ess
ity
f
o
r
in
n
o
v
atio
n
to
co
ex
is
t
p
ea
ce
f
u
lly
with
t
h
e
av
o
id
an
ce
o
f
a
n
y
u
n
in
ten
d
e
d
n
eg
ativ
e
ef
f
ec
ts
th
at
AI
m
a
y
h
a
v
e.
T
h
e
m
ater
ial
s
co
p
e,
o
r
r
atio
n
e
m
ater
iae,
o
f
th
e
law
is
o
n
e
o
f
th
e
m
ain
ar
ea
s
o
f
atten
tio
n
f
o
r
th
e
E
U
AI
Act.
T
h
is
is
a
r
ef
er
en
ce
to
th
e
p
ar
ticu
lar
k
in
d
s
o
f
AI
ap
p
licatio
n
s
an
d
s
y
s
tem
s
th
at
w
ill
b
e
co
v
e
r
ed
u
n
d
er
t
h
e
law.
Sev
er
al
s
ci
en
tis
ts
q
u
esti
o
n
ed
th
e
E
U
AI
Act's
r
ea
ch
.
I
t
was
s
tated
,
f
o
r
in
s
tan
ce
,
th
at
t
h
e
e
x
is
tin
g
d
ef
in
itio
n
o
f
AI
m
a
y
b
e
u
n
d
u
ly
in
clu
s
iv
e
a
n
d
c
o
v
e
r
a
lar
g
e
v
a
r
iety
o
f
s
tan
d
ar
d
d
ata
p
r
o
ce
s
s
in
g
jo
b
s
.
T
h
is
m
ig
h
t
r
esu
lt
in
an
u
n
d
u
ly
b
r
o
ad
s
co
p
e
wh
en
d
ata
p
r
o
ce
s
s
in
g
is
th
e
s
o
le
th
in
g
th
at
all
r
e
g
u
lated
s
y
s
tem
s
h
av
e
in
co
m
m
o
n
.
C
o
n
s
eq
u
en
tly
,
it
m
ay
b
ec
o
m
e
m
o
r
e
d
if
f
icu
lt
to
r
ec
o
g
n
ize
an
d
elim
in
ate
ap
p
licatio
n
s
th
at,
ac
co
r
d
in
g
to
th
e
E
U
AI
Act'
s
cr
iter
ia,
d
o
n
o
t r
ea
lly
q
u
alif
y
as AI
s
y
s
tem
s
.
T
h
e
E
U
AI
Act
ta
k
es
a
r
is
k
-
b
ased
s
tr
ateg
y
.
T
h
e
E
U
AI
Act's
m
ater
ial
s
co
p
e
in
clu
d
es
AI
th
at
is
ex
p
r
ess
ly
f
o
r
b
id
d
e
n
u
n
d
er
th
e
E
U
AI
Act
an
d
is
c
o
n
s
id
er
ed
i
n
ap
p
r
o
p
r
iate.
T
h
ese
ar
e
p
r
o
g
r
am
s
th
at
n
eg
ativ
el
y
im
p
ac
t
p
eo
p
le'
s
b
eh
av
io
r
,
i
n
clu
d
in
g
s
o
cial
s
co
r
in
g
o
r
r
e
al
-
tim
e
b
io
m
etr
ic
id
en
tific
atio
n
u
s
ed
f
o
r
wid
esp
r
ea
d
s
u
r
v
eillan
ce
.
Hig
h
-
r
is
k
AI
ap
p
licatio
n
s
,
wh
ich
s
er
io
u
s
ly
je
o
p
ar
d
ize
p
eo
p
le'
s
s
af
ety
,
b
asic
r
ig
h
ts
,
an
d
well
-
b
ein
g
,
ar
e
at
th
e
ce
n
ter
o
f
th
e
Act
'
s
m
ater
ial
s
co
p
e.
T
h
es
e
in
clu
d
e
AI
s
y
s
tem
s
u
til
ized
in
v
ital
in
d
u
s
tr
ies
in
clu
d
in
g
h
ea
lth
ca
r
e,
b
a
n
k
in
g
,
law
en
f
o
r
ce
m
e
n
t,
an
d
tr
an
s
p
o
r
tatio
n
,
wh
er
e
m
is
tak
es
o
r
a
b
u
s
e
ca
n
h
av
e
d
ir
e
r
ep
er
cu
s
s
io
n
s
.
A
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
r
e
q
u
ir
em
en
ts
p
er
tain
in
g
to
r
is
k
m
an
ag
em
en
t
s
y
s
tem
s
(
ar
ticle
9
)
,
d
ata
g
o
v
er
n
an
ce
(
ar
ticle
1
0
)
,
tech
n
ical
d
o
c
u
m
en
tatio
n
(
ar
ticle
1
1
)
,
r
ec
o
r
d
-
k
ee
p
in
g
(
ar
ticle
1
2
)
,
tr
an
s
p
ar
en
cy
an
d
p
r
o
v
id
in
g
d
ep
lo
y
er
s
with
n
ec
ess
ar
y
i
n
f
o
r
m
atio
n
(
ar
ticle
1
3
)
,
h
u
m
an
o
v
er
s
ig
h
t
(
ar
ticle
1
4
)
,
ac
cu
r
ac
y
,
r
o
b
u
s
tn
ess
,
an
d
cy
b
er
s
ec
u
r
ity
(
ar
ticle
1
5
)
,
s
h
o
u
ld
b
e
m
et
b
y
ai
s
y
s
tem
s
th
a
t
ar
e
co
n
s
id
er
ed
h
ig
h
-
r
is
k
.
Fu
r
th
er
m
o
r
e
,
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
r
u
le
lay
s
f
o
r
th
a
lis
t
o
f
r
esp
o
n
s
ib
ilit
ies
f
o
r
s
u
p
p
lier
s
,
im
p
o
r
ter
s
,
d
is
tr
ib
u
to
r
s
,
an
d
u
s
er
s
o
f
h
i
g
h
-
r
is
k
AI
s
y
s
tem
s
(
ar
ticle
s
1
6
–
4
9
)
.
I
t
h
as
b
ee
n
p
o
in
ted
o
u
t
th
at
th
e
E
U
AI
Act
d
o
es
n
o
t
in
cl
u
d
e
a
g
en
er
al
r
is
k
ass
es
s
m
en
t
f
o
r
f
u
n
d
am
en
tal
r
i
g
h
ts
ac
r
o
s
s
all
AI
s
y
s
tem
s
co
v
er
ed
b
y
th
e
Act,
b
u
t
lim
its
s
u
ch
ass
ess
m
en
t
to
h
ig
h
-
r
is
k
AI
o
n
l
y
.
AI
-
p
o
wer
e
d
ch
atb
o
ts
an
d
r
ec
o
m
m
e
n
d
er
s
y
s
tem
s
ar
e
in
to
th
e
n
ex
t
g
r
o
u
p
o
f
lo
w
-
r
is
k
AI
ap
p
licatio
n
s
co
v
er
ed
u
n
d
er
th
e
E
U
AI
Act
'
s
m
ater
ial
s
co
p
e.
Ar
ticle
9
5
o
f
th
e
E
U
AI
Act
r
ec
o
m
m
en
d
s
a
v
o
lu
n
tar
y
co
d
e
o
f
b
eh
a
v
io
r
f
o
r
r
e
g
u
latin
g
lo
w
-
r
is
k
AI
s
y
s
tem
s
,
as
th
ey
ar
e
n
o
t
s
u
b
ject
to
th
e
E
U
AI
Act's
r
eg
u
latio
n
s
[
3
9
]
.
I
t
h
as
b
ee
n
n
o
ted
th
at
wh
ile
t
h
e
E
U
AI
Act
u
s
es
f
u
n
d
am
e
n
tal
r
ig
h
ts
as
a
b
en
ch
m
ar
k
,
it
s
tr
u
g
g
les
to
co
n
cr
etely
d
e
f
in
e
an
d
m
ea
s
u
r
e
th
e
ass
o
ciate
d
h
ar
m
s
.
T
h
e
ca
t
eg
o
r
izatio
n
o
f
AI
s
y
s
tem
s
in
to
h
ig
h
-
r
is
k
a
n
d
lo
w
-
r
is
k
ca
teg
o
r
ies,
b
ased
o
n
p
o
t
en
tial
im
p
ac
t
o
n
f
u
n
d
am
en
ta
l
r
ig
h
ts
,
is
in
h
er
en
tly
s
u
b
jec
tiv
e
an
d
r
elies
o
n
p
o
liti
ca
l
ju
d
g
m
e
n
ts
r
ath
er
th
an
o
b
jectiv
e
cr
iter
ia.
T
h
is
r
e
lian
ce
o
n
im
p
licit
v
alu
e
ju
d
g
m
en
ts
ca
n
lea
d
to
u
n
in
ten
d
e
d
co
n
s
eq
u
en
ce
s
an
d
lim
it th
e
Act's e
f
f
ec
tiv
en
ess
in
ad
d
r
ess
in
g
f
u
t
u
r
e
AI
-
r
elate
d
c
h
allen
g
es.
T
o
co
m
p
ar
e
th
e
E
U
AI
Act,
it
s
h
o
u
ld
b
e
n
o
ted
,
th
at
th
e
n
atio
n
al
AI
in
itiativ
e
Act
o
f
2
0
2
0
p
r
im
ar
ily
f
o
cu
s
es
o
n
ad
v
a
n
cin
g
US
lead
er
s
h
ip
in
AI
r
esear
c
h
an
d
d
ev
elo
p
m
en
t.
Key
a
r
ea
s
o
f
f
o
c
u
s
in
clu
d
e
in
v
esti
n
g
in
AI
r
esear
ch
,
d
ev
el
o
p
in
g
a
s
k
illed
AI
wo
r
k
f
o
r
ce
,
f
o
s
ter
in
g
in
ter
n
atio
n
al
co
llab
o
r
ati
o
n
,
an
d
p
r
o
m
o
tin
g
r
esp
o
n
s
ib
le
AI
d
e
v
elo
p
m
e
n
t.
W
h
ile
th
e
Act
d
o
es
n
o
t
d
i
r
ec
tly
r
eg
u
late
p
r
iv
ate
s
ec
to
r
AI
,
it
p
r
o
v
id
es
a
f
r
am
ewo
r
k
f
o
r
f
ed
e
r
al
co
o
r
d
i
n
atio
n
an
d
s
u
p
p
o
r
t
o
f
AI
in
it
iativ
es.
T
h
e
AI
law
o
f
th
e
P
eo
p
le'
s
R
ep
u
b
lic
o
f
C
h
in
a
co
m
p
r
eh
e
n
s
iv
ely
r
eg
u
lates
v
ar
io
u
s
asp
ec
ts
o
f
AI
,
in
clu
d
in
g
al
g
o
r
ith
m
d
ev
elo
p
m
en
t,
d
ata
p
r
iv
ac
y
,
eth
ical
co
n
s
id
er
atio
n
s
,
s
y
s
tem
s
af
ety
,
an
d
s
o
cial
im
p
ac
t
as
s
ess
m
en
t.
T
h
e
law
aim
s
to
f
o
s
ter
r
esp
o
n
s
ib
le
AI
d
ev
elo
p
m
e
n
t a
n
d
u
s
e,
p
r
o
m
o
ti
n
g
in
n
o
v
atio
n
wh
ile
m
itig
atin
g
p
o
ten
tial r
is
k
s
.
5.
DIS
CU
SS
I
O
N
W
h
ile
A
I
r
e
g
u
lat
io
n
h
as
g
ai
n
e
d
i
n
c
r
ea
s
i
n
g
s
c
h
o
l
ar
ly
at
te
n
ti
o
n
,
e
x
is
t
in
g
lit
er
at
u
r
e
o
f
te
n
l
ac
k
s
a
d
et
ail
e
d
ex
am
i
n
ati
o
n
o
f
t
h
e
p
r
ac
tic
al
i
m
p
lic
ati
o
n
s
o
f
t
h
e
E
U
A
I
Act
’
s
p
r
o
v
is
io
n
s
ac
r
o
s
s
its
f
u
ll
s
c
o
p
e
.
P
r
i
o
r
s
t
u
d
ies
h
a
v
e
f
o
c
u
s
e
d
p
r
i
m
a
r
il
y
o
n
et
h
i
ca
l
f
r
a
m
e
wo
r
k
s
o
r
t
h
eo
r
e
tic
al
p
r
in
ci
p
l
es
u
n
d
er
p
i
n
n
i
n
g
A
I
l
eg
is
lat
io
n
,
w
it
h
o
u
t
s
y
s
te
m
a
tic
all
y
a
d
d
r
ess
i
n
g
h
o
w
t
h
e
E
U
AI
A
ct
a
f
f
ec
ts
s
p
e
cif
ic
s
e
ct
o
r
s
o
r
s
t
a
k
e
h
o
ld
e
r
s
,
s
u
c
h
as
SM
E
s
,
l
aw
en
f
o
r
ce
m
e
n
t
a
g
e
n
cies
,
o
r
c
r
o
s
s
-
b
o
r
d
e
r
tec
h
n
o
l
o
g
y
p
r
o
v
i
d
e
r
s
.
T
h
is
s
tu
d
y
i
n
v
esti
g
a
tes
t
h
e
e
f
f
ec
ts
o
f
t
h
e
E
U
A
I
Act
f
r
o
m
a
l
eg
al
-
d
o
ct
r
i
n
al
an
d
c
o
m
p
ar
ati
v
e
p
er
s
p
e
cti
v
e,
s
p
ec
i
f
ic
all
y
t
ar
g
eti
n
g
u
n
d
e
r
e
x
p
l
o
r
e
d
a
r
ea
s
s
u
ch
as
ex
t
r
ate
r
r
it
o
r
ial
it
y
,
p
e
r
s
o
n
al
a
n
d
m
ate
r
i
al
s
c
o
p
e,
a
n
d
f
u
n
d
am
e
n
tal
r
i
g
h
ts
p
r
o
t
ec
t
io
n
i
n
o
p
e
r
a
ti
o
n
al
c
o
n
t
ex
ts
[
4
0
]
.
T
h
e
an
aly
s
is
f
o
u
n
d
th
at
t
h
e
E
U
AI
Act
in
tr
o
d
u
ce
s
a
r
o
b
u
s
t
r
eg
u
lato
r
y
s
tr
u
ctu
r
e
b
ased
o
n
a
r
is
k
-
tier
ed
m
o
d
el,
with
h
ig
h
-
r
is
k
s
y
s
tem
s
f
ac
in
g
s
tr
ict
o
b
lig
atio
n
s
co
n
ce
r
n
in
g
d
ata
g
o
v
er
n
a
n
ce
,
tr
an
s
p
ar
en
cy
,
a
n
d
h
u
m
a
n
o
v
er
s
ig
h
t.
W
e
also
f
o
u
n
d
th
at
th
e
Act's
s
co
p
e
-
r
atio
n
e
p
er
s
o
n
ae
,
m
ater
iae,
lo
ci,
an
d
tem
p
o
r
is
-
is
d
esig
n
ed
to
en
s
u
r
e
b
r
o
a
d
ap
p
licatio
n
ac
r
o
s
s
ac
to
r
s
,
u
s
e
ca
s
es,
an
d
g
eo
g
r
a
p
h
ies.
Ho
wev
er
,
th
e
s
tu
d
y
h
ig
h
lig
h
ts
am
b
ig
u
ities
in
th
e
d
ef
in
itio
n
o
f
h
ig
h
-
r
is
k
s
y
s
tem
s
an
d
s
ig
n
if
ica
n
t
g
a
p
s
in
en
f
o
r
ce
m
en
t
m
ec
h
an
is
m
s
.
T
h
e
Act
allo
ws
s
elf
-
as
s
es
s
m
en
t
b
y
AI
p
r
o
v
i
d
er
s
,
r
aisi
n
g
co
n
ce
r
n
s
ab
o
u
t
co
m
p
l
ian
ce
in
teg
r
ity
,
esp
ec
ially
in
h
ig
h
-
im
p
ac
t
s
ec
to
r
s
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
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&
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o
m
m
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n
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h
n
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l
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SS
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2252
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8
7
7
6
Leg
a
l c
h
a
llen
g
es o
f a
r
tifi
cia
l in
tellig
en
ce
in
th
e
E
u
r
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p
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n
Un
io
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s
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(
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ma
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a
K
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tu
ko
v
a
)
967
lik
e
m
ig
r
atio
n
a
n
d
b
o
r
d
e
r
co
n
tr
o
l.
Fu
r
th
er
m
o
r
e,
ex
tr
ater
r
ito
r
iality
cr
ea
tes
im
p
lem
en
tatio
n
f
r
ictio
n
f
o
r
n
o
n
-
E
U
ac
to
r
s
,
wh
ile
n
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s
ec
u
r
ity
ex
em
p
tio
n
s
in
tr
o
d
u
ce
i
n
co
n
s
is
ten
cies in
h
u
m
an
r
ig
h
ts
p
r
o
tec
tio
n
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I
n
co
m
p
a
r
is
o
n
with
r
eg
u
lato
r
y
f
r
am
ewo
r
k
s
in
t
h
e
Un
ited
States
an
d
C
h
in
a,
th
e
E
U
AI
Act
p
r
esen
ts
a
u
n
iq
u
e
b
len
d
o
f
eth
ical
p
r
io
r
itizatio
n
an
d
f
o
r
m
al
leg
al
o
b
lig
atio
n
.
Un
lik
e
th
e
US
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
,
wh
ich
em
p
h
asizes
in
n
o
v
atio
n
an
d
s
elf
-
r
e
g
u
latio
n
,
o
r
C
h
in
a’
s
m
o
d
el,
w
h
ich
e
n
f
o
r
ce
s
to
p
-
d
o
wn
alg
o
r
ith
m
ic
a
cc
o
u
n
tab
ilit
y
u
n
d
e
r
s
tate
o
v
er
s
ig
h
t,
th
e
E
U
f
r
a
m
ewo
r
k
s
ee
k
s
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e
m
b
ed
n
o
r
m
ativ
e
h
u
m
an
r
i
g
h
ts
v
alu
e
s
in
to
en
f
o
r
ce
ab
le
o
b
lig
atio
n
s
.
T
h
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d
if
f
er
e
n
ce
s
h
ig
h
lig
h
t
a
tr
ad
e
-
o
f
f
:
wh
ile
th
e
E
U
m
o
d
el
m
ay
p
r
o
v
id
e
s
tr
o
n
g
er
s
af
eg
u
ar
d
s
f
o
r
f
u
n
d
am
e
n
tal
r
ig
h
ts
,
it m
ay
also
r
esu
lt in
h
ig
h
er
co
m
p
lian
ce
b
u
r
d
e
n
s
,
esp
ec
ially
f
o
r
SME
s
an
d
s
tar
tu
p
s
.
T
h
is
s
tu
d
y
a
d
o
p
ts
a
p
r
im
ar
ily
q
u
alitativ
e
le
g
al
an
al
y
s
is
an
d
is
th
er
ef
o
r
e
lim
ited
in
em
p
ir
i
ca
l
s
co
p
e.
W
h
ile
th
e
co
m
p
ar
ativ
e
r
ev
ie
w
p
r
o
v
i
d
es
v
alu
ab
le
in
s
ig
h
ts
in
to
leg
is
lativ
e
s
tr
u
ctu
r
es,
it
d
o
es
n
o
t
ev
al
u
ate
th
e
ef
f
ec
tiv
en
ess
o
f
im
p
lem
e
n
tatio
n
o
r
s
tak
e
h
o
ld
er
c
o
m
p
lian
ce
b
eh
av
io
r
.
Ad
d
itio
n
ally
,
d
u
e
to
th
e
E
U
AI
Act’
s
r
ec
en
t
ad
o
p
tio
n
,
d
ata
o
n
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e
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ates
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au
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o
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s
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icles)
in
d
etail,
wh
ich
co
u
ld
ex
h
ib
it r
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u
lato
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an
c
es n
o
t c
ap
tu
r
e
d
in
th
e
g
en
er
al
p
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v
is
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.
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h
e
f
i
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d
in
g
s
p
o
in
t
to
s
ev
er
al
k
ey
ar
ea
s
f
o
r
f
u
r
th
er
in
v
esti
g
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.
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tu
r
e
r
esear
ch
s
h
o
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ex
a
m
in
e
h
o
w
d
if
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en
t
s
ec
to
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s
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ter
p
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e
t
an
d
o
p
er
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a
lize
th
e
E
U
AI
Act’
s
h
ig
h
-
r
is
k
class
if
icatio
n
s
an
d
h
o
w
SME
s
ad
ap
t
to
its
r
eq
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ir
em
en
ts
.
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m
p
ir
ical
s
tu
d
ies
m
ea
s
u
r
in
g
th
e
Act’
s
d
eter
r
en
t
o
r
in
ce
n
t
iv
izin
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ef
f
ec
ts
o
n
in
n
o
v
atio
n
wo
u
ld
b
e
v
alu
ab
le
.
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o
m
p
ar
ativ
e
leg
al
an
aly
s
es
co
u
ld
ex
p
l
o
r
e
th
e
co
n
v
er
g
e
n
c
e
o
r
d
iv
er
g
e
n
ce
o
f
g
lo
b
al
AI
n
o
r
m
s
,
esp
ec
ially
th
r
o
u
g
h
th
e
len
s
o
f
th
e
B
r
u
s
s
els
ef
f
ec
t.
R
e
s
ea
r
ch
s
h
o
u
ld
also
ass
e
s
s
th
e
ef
f
ec
tiv
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ess
o
f
n
atio
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al
s
u
p
e
r
v
is
o
r
y
b
o
d
ies
in
e
n
f
o
r
ci
n
g
AI
r
eg
u
latio
n
s
an
d
th
e
p
o
ten
tial r
o
le
o
f
a
ce
n
tr
alize
d
E
U
AI
ag
en
cy
i
n
en
s
u
r
in
g
co
n
s
is
ten
cy
an
d
co
m
p
lian
ce
ac
r
o
s
s
m
em
b
er
s
tates.
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wev
er
,
th
e
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s
ef
f
ec
tiv
en
ess
will
d
ep
en
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o
n
s
ev
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f
a
cto
r
s
,
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d
in
g
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im
p
lem
en
t
atio
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an
d
en
f
o
r
ce
m
e
n
t
m
ec
h
a
n
is
m
s
.
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h
e
g
r
ad
u
al
im
p
lem
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tim
elin
e
p
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o
v
i
d
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lex
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ilit
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f
o
r
b
u
s
in
ess
es
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ad
ap
t,
b
u
t
it
al
s
o
r
aises
co
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ce
r
n
s
ab
o
u
t
p
o
ten
tial
d
elay
s
in
ad
d
r
ess
in
g
em
er
g
in
g
r
is
k
s
.
Ad
d
itio
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ally
,
th
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Act'
s
r
elian
ce
o
n
s
elf
-
ass
ess
m
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b
y
p
r
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d
er
s
f
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r
h
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g
h
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AI
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y
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tem
s
co
u
ld
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n
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er
m
in
e
its
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f
ec
tiv
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n
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p
r
o
p
er
l
y
m
o
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ito
r
ed
a
n
d
e
n
f
o
r
c
ed
[
4
1
]
.
T
h
e
E
U,
US,
an
d
C
h
in
a
h
a
v
e
ad
o
p
ted
d
is
tin
ct
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p
r
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t
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r
e
g
u
latio
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r
ef
lectin
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th
eir
u
n
iq
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e
tech
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o
lo
g
ical,
ec
o
n
o
m
ic,
an
d
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o
liti
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l
co
n
tex
ts
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h
e
E
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is
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ased
ap
p
r
o
ac
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e
US'
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f
o
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s
o
n
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o
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m
ar
k
et
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o
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s
,
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h
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em
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h
asis
o
n
s
tate
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n
tr
o
l
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d
s
o
cial
im
p
ac
t
a
s
s
es
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m
en
t
h
ig
h
lig
h
t
th
e
d
iv
er
s
e
r
eg
u
lato
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lan
d
s
ca
p
es.
T
h
e
E
U
AI
Act's
m
o
r
e
s
t
r
in
g
en
t
r
eg
u
latio
n
s
an
d
its
f
o
c
u
s
o
n
h
u
m
an
r
ig
h
ts
an
d
eth
ical
co
n
s
id
er
atio
n
s
co
u
ld
p
o
ten
tially
g
i
v
e
th
e
E
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a
co
m
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ad
v
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n
tag
e
i
n
th
e
g
lo
b
al
AI
m
ar
k
et
.
Ho
wev
er
,
it
m
ay
also
lead
to
r
eg
u
lato
r
y
b
u
r
d
en
s
an
d
h
in
d
er
in
n
o
v
atio
n
.
I
t
co
u
ld
als
o
p
o
s
e
ch
allen
g
es
p
r
im
ar
ily
f
o
r
AI
d
ev
elo
p
er
s
.
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n
itial
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m
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lian
ce
co
s
ts
,
in
cr
ea
s
ed
ad
m
in
is
tr
ativ
e
b
u
r
d
e
n
s
,
an
d
p
o
ten
tial
d
elay
s
in
p
r
o
d
u
ct
lau
n
ch
m
a
y
h
in
d
er
in
n
o
v
atio
n
.
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d
iti
o
n
ally
,
s
tr
i
cter
r
eg
u
latio
n
s
c
o
m
p
ar
e
d
to
o
th
er
r
e
g
io
n
s
co
u
ld
cr
ea
te
a
co
m
p
etitiv
e
d
is
ad
v
an
t
ag
e.
T
h
e
US,
o
n
t
h
e
o
t
h
er
h
an
d
,
h
as
o
p
ted
f
o
r
a
m
o
r
e
f
le
x
ib
l
e
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
,
p
r
i
o
r
itizin
g
in
n
o
v
atio
n
a
n
d
m
ar
k
et
-
d
r
i
v
en
s
o
lu
tio
n
s
.
T
h
is
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
m
a
y
lead
to
f
aster
d
ev
elo
p
m
e
n
t
an
d
d
e
p
lo
y
m
e
n
t
o
f
AI
tech
n
o
lo
g
ies
b
u
t
co
u
ld
also
r
esu
lt
in
a
less
r
eg
u
lated
an
d
p
o
te
n
tially
less
eth
ical
AI
ec
o
s
y
s
tem
.
C
h
in
a'
s
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
,
wh
ich
co
m
b
in
es
m
ar
k
et
-
b
ased
in
ce
n
tiv
es
with
s
tr
ict
g
o
v
er
n
m
e
n
t
co
n
tr
o
l,
aim
s
to
f
o
s
ter
d
o
m
e
s
tic
AI
in
n
o
v
atio
n
wh
ile
en
s
u
r
in
g
alig
n
m
en
t w
ith
th
e
co
u
n
tr
y
'
s
s
o
cial
an
d
p
o
liti
ca
l g
o
als.
T
h
e
E
U
AI
Act
p
r
o
v
id
es
a
f
o
u
n
d
atio
n
al
f
r
am
ewo
r
k
f
o
r
r
eg
u
latin
g
AI
,
e
m
p
h
asizin
g
h
u
m
an
-
ce
n
tr
ic
p
r
in
cip
les.
Ho
wev
er
,
T
h
e
E
U
AI
Act
in
tr
o
d
u
ce
s
a
c
o
n
c
er
n
in
g
d
o
u
b
le
s
tan
d
ar
d
f
o
r
AI
d
ep
lo
y
ed
b
y
la
w
en
f
o
r
ce
m
e
n
t,
m
ig
r
atio
n
,
an
d
n
atio
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al
s
ec
u
r
ity
au
th
o
r
ities
.
E
x
em
p
tio
n
s
f
r
o
m
tr
an
s
p
ar
en
c
y
r
eq
u
ir
em
e
n
ts
an
d
th
e
b
r
o
a
d
n
atio
n
al
s
ec
u
r
ity
ex
em
p
tio
n
allo
w
f
o
r
th
e
u
n
ch
ec
k
ed
u
s
e
o
f
s
u
r
v
eillan
ce
tech
n
o
lo
g
ies,
p
ar
ticu
lar
ly
ag
ain
s
t
m
ar
g
in
alize
d
g
r
o
u
p
s
.
T
h
is
co
u
ld
lea
d
to
i
n
cr
ea
s
ed
d
is
cr
im
in
atio
n
,
s
u
r
v
eillan
ce
,
an
d
h
u
m
a
n
r
ig
h
ts
ab
u
s
es.
T
h
e
Act'
s
f
ailu
r
e
to
ad
eq
u
ately
ad
d
r
ess
th
ese
is
s
u
e
s
s
ets
a
d
an
g
er
o
u
s
p
r
ec
ed
e
n
t
f
o
r
th
e
f
u
tu
r
e
o
f
AI
r
eg
u
latio
n
a
n
d
r
aises
co
n
ce
r
n
s
ab
o
u
t th
e
p
o
ten
tial f
o
r
m
is
u
s
e
o
f
AI
tech
n
o
lo
g
ies.
As
AI
tech
n
o
lo
g
y
r
a
p
id
ly
ev
o
lv
es,
it
is
cr
u
cial
t
o
co
n
tin
u
ally
ass
ess
an
d
ad
ap
t
r
eg
u
lato
r
y
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
es.
T
o
en
s
u
r
e
th
e
E
U
AI
Act'
s
ef
f
ec
tiv
en
ess
,
it
is
cr
u
cial
to
estab
lis
h
r
o
b
u
s
t
o
v
er
s
ig
h
t
m
ec
h
a
n
is
m
s
,
s
tr
en
g
th
en
in
te
r
n
atio
n
al
co
lla
b
o
r
atio
n
,
an
d
co
n
tin
u
o
u
s
ly
ad
ap
t
to
th
e
ev
o
lv
in
g
lan
d
s
ca
p
e
o
f
AI
tech
n
o
lo
g
y
.
Fu
tu
r
e
r
esear
ch
s
h
o
u
l
d
e
x
p
lo
r
e
in
ter
n
atio
n
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c
o
o
p
er
atio
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t
o
h
ar
m
o
n
ize
r
eg
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latio
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s
,
ef
f
e
ctiv
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en
f
o
r
ce
m
en
t
m
ec
h
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is
m
s
,
th
e
r
eg
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latio
n
o
f
em
er
g
i
n
g
AI
tech
n
o
lo
g
ies
,
an
d
th
e
r
o
le
o
f
i
n
ter
n
atio
n
al
o
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g
an
izatio
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s
in
s
h
ap
in
g
g
lo
b
al
AI
g
o
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n
a
n
ce
.
B
y
ad
d
r
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in
g
th
ese
ch
allen
g
es,
p
o
licy
m
ak
er
s
ca
n
en
s
u
r
e
t
h
at
AI
is
d
ev
elo
p
ed
an
d
u
s
ed
r
esp
o
n
s
ib
ly
f
o
r
th
e
b
en
ef
it o
f
s
o
ciety
.
I
n
s
u
m
m
ar
y
,
th
is
s
tu
d
y
p
r
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v
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d
es
a
s
tr
u
ctu
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d
c
o
m
p
r
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h
en
s
iv
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leg
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ex
am
in
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o
f
t
h
e
E
U
AI
Act
’
s
m
u
ltid
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en
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co
p
e
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d
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p
o
ten
tial g
lo
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al
im
p
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.
W
h
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th
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h
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h
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eg
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lato
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ch
m
a
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d
em
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u
m
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.
T
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e
s
tu
d
y
h
ig
h
lig
h
ts
th
e
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ee
d
f
o
r
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
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r
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r
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m
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m
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izatio
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ated
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at
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Act
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ilit
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ar
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izatio
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as
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ig
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en
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ay
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eq
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d
m
ar
k
et
ac
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h
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s
is
em
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asizes
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at
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ile
th
e
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U
AI
Act
is
a
m
iles
to
n
e
in
AI
r
e
g
u
latio
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,
it
is
n
o
t
with
o
u
t
lim
itatio
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s
.
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ts
ef
f
ec
tiv
en
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will
h
in
g
e
o
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o
in
g
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v
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ig
h
t,
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atio
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en
f
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ce
m
e
n
t a
u
th
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d
ad
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tiv
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leg
al
m
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h
an
is
m
s
ca
p
ab
le
o
f
ev
o
lv
i
n
g
with
AI
te
ch
n
o
lo
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ies.
Mo
r
eo
v
e
r
,
f
u
tu
r
e
r
ev
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io
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s
m
u
s
t
ad
d
r
ess
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eg
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lato
r
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a
p
s
,
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ar
ticu
lar
l
y
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n
th
e
ar
e
as
o
f
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io
m
etr
ic
s
u
r
v
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illan
ce
,
d
ata
-
d
r
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v
en
b
o
r
d
er
co
n
tr
o
l,
an
d
alg
o
r
ith
m
i
c
ac
co
u
n
tab
ilit
y
.
Ultim
ately
,
th
e
E
U
AI
Act
r
e
p
r
esen
ts
a
s
ig
n
if
ican
t
s
tep
to
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d
cr
ea
tin
g
a
r
esp
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n
s
ib
le,
t
r
an
s
p
ar
en
t,
an
d
h
u
m
a
n
-
ce
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ter
e
d
f
r
am
ew
o
r
k
f
o
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AI
g
o
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.
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t
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a
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lu
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in
t
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at
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ju
r
is
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ictio
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s
m
ay
d
r
aw
u
p
o
n
in
s
h
a
p
in
g
th
eir
o
wn
AI
la
ws.
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wev
er
,
to
e
n
s
u
r
e
g
lo
b
al
alig
n
m
e
n
t
an
d
ef
f
ec
tiv
en
ess
,
a
co
o
r
d
i
n
ated
in
ter
n
atio
n
al
e
f
f
o
r
t
is
ess
en
tial.
B
y
f
o
s
ter
in
g
co
llab
o
r
atio
n
an
d
em
b
r
ac
in
g
co
n
tin
u
al
leg
al
in
n
o
v
atio
n
,
th
e
E
U
an
d
its
g
lo
b
al
p
ar
tn
er
s
ca
n
b
u
ild
r
esil
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AI
g
o
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n
an
ce
s
y
s
tem
s
th
at
s
af
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u
ar
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h
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wh
ile
en
ab
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tech
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l
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ical
p
r
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r
ess
.
F
UNDING
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Leg
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(
Ta
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K
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ko
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969
DATA AV
AI
L
AB
I
L
I
T
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ata
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wh
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estrictio
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.
RE
F
E
R
E
NC
E
S
[
1
]
C
.
S
.
M
o
r
g
a
n
,
P
.
D
u
s
h
i
me,
a
n
d
C
.
D
i
C
h
i
r
o
,
“
1
0
k
e
y
t
a
k
e
a
w
a
y
s:
n
a
v
i
g
a
t
i
n
g
t
h
e
f
u
t
u
r
e
o
f
A
I
l
a
w
:
u
n
d
e
r
st
a
n
d
i
n
g
t
h
e
EU
A
I
A
c
t
a
n
d
A
I
D
A
,
”
L
e
x
o
l
o
g
y
,
2
0
2
4
.
h
t
t
p
s
:
/
/
w
w
w
.
l
e
x
o
l
o
g
y
.
c
o
m
/
l
i
b
r
a
r
y
/
d
e
t
a
i
l
.
a
s
p
x
?
g
=
9
e
5
4
e
d
1
e
-
f
9
f
c
-
4
7
a
d
-
a
b
b
8
-
2
b
2
1
0
2
b
0
f
f
5
2
.
[
2
]
F
.
P
.
J.
N
i
j
w
e
i
d
e
,
“
Th
e
EU
a
r
t
i
f
i
c
i
a
l
i
n
t
e
l
l
i
g
e
n
c
e
a
c
t
:
a
st
e
p
i
n
t
h
e
r
i
g
h
t
d
i
r
e
c
t
i
o
n
,
b
u
t
n
o
t
f
a
r
e
n
o
u
g
h
,
”
U
n
i
v
e
rsi
t
y
o
f
C
a
m
b
ri
d
g
e
,
2
0
2
2
,
d
o
i
:
1
0
.
1
3
1
4
0
/
R
G
.
2
.
2
.
2
0
9
5
8
.
7
2
0
0
3
.
[
3
]
Y
.
K
a
r
a
m
i
t
s
i
o
s
,
T
i
m
e
f
o
r
a
Eu
r
o
p
e
a
n
Fe
d
e
ra
t
i
o
n
,
Bru
s
sel
s:
Pe
t
e
r
L
a
n
g
Ve
r
l
a
g
.
B
r
u
x
e
l
l
e
s,
P
e
t
e
r
L
a
n
g
,
2
0
2
2
.
[
4
]
J.
D
e
C
o
o
ma
n
,
“
H
u
m
p
t
y
d
u
m
p
t
y
a
n
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[
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