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p
e
r
atio
n
al
p
lan
s
,
en
s
u
r
in
g
th
eir
p
r
o
p
er
e
x
ec
u
tio
n
.
B
y
h
ar
n
ess
in
g
I
o
T
an
d
R
E
S
tech
n
o
lo
g
ies,
th
e
s
y
s
tem
p
r
o
v
id
es
d
y
n
am
ic
in
s
ig
h
ts
an
d
o
p
tim
i
za
tio
n
ca
p
a
b
ilit
ies,
en
ab
lin
g
p
r
o
ac
tiv
e
d
ec
is
io
n
-
m
ak
in
g
an
d
r
esp
o
n
s
iv
e
ad
ju
s
t
m
en
ts
to
ev
o
l
v
in
g
war
eh
o
u
s
e
c
o
n
d
itio
n
s
.
B
o
o
s
t
-
f
o
r
war
d
-
f
ly
b
ac
k
(
B
FF
)
co
n
v
er
ter
to
p
o
lo
g
y
d
esig
n
is
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
to
ac
h
iev
e
a
r
em
ar
k
ab
le
v
o
ltag
e
g
ai
n
.
Als
o
,
th
ey
h
av
e
n
o
t
ex
p
licitly
ad
d
r
ess
ed
its
in
f
lu
en
ce
o
n
th
e
a
n
al
y
tical
m
o
d
elin
g
o
f
p
h
o
to
v
o
ltaic
(
PV)
m
o
d
u
les
f
o
r
PV
p
o
wer
s
y
s
tem
s
.
T
h
is
en
co
m
p
ass
es
th
e
d
ev
elo
p
m
en
t
o
f
m
ax
im
u
m
p
o
wer
p
o
in
t
tr
ac
k
in
g
(
MPPT)
co
n
tr
o
l
alg
o
r
ith
m
s
aim
ed
at
e
x
tr
ac
tin
g
th
e
m
a
x
im
u
m
p
o
wer
o
u
tp
u
t
f
r
o
m
PV
s
y
s
tem
s
am
id
s
t f
lu
ctu
atin
g
in
s
o
latio
n
l
ev
els,
tem
p
er
atu
r
e
v
ar
iatio
n
s
,
an
d
o
th
e
r
en
v
ir
o
n
m
e
n
tal
co
n
d
i
tio
n
s
.
Fu
r
th
er
m
o
r
e,
it
in
v
o
lv
es
th
e
d
esig
n
an
d
im
p
lem
en
tatio
n
o
f
b
o
o
s
t
-
f
ly
b
ac
k
DC
-
DC
co
n
v
er
ter
s
to
ac
h
iev
e
s
u
p
er
b
o
o
s
t
an
d
d
o
u
b
le
b
o
o
s
t
h
ig
h
-
g
ain
co
n
f
ig
u
r
atio
n
s
,
wh
ic
h
a
r
e
p
iv
o
tal
f
o
r
s
y
s
tem
ef
f
icien
c
y
.
T
h
e
s
im
u
latio
n
o
f
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
to
p
o
lo
g
ies u
s
in
g
MA
T
L
AB
/ Sim
u
lin
k
an
d
s
u
b
s
eq
u
en
t e
x
p
er
i
m
en
tal
v
alid
atio
n
o
f
s
im
u
lated
r
esu
lts
ar
e
cr
itical
s
tep
s
with
in
th
is
p
r
o
ce
s
s
.
2.
M
E
T
H
O
D
2
.
1
.
L
it
er
a
t
ure
r
e
v
i
e
w
Sid
d
iq
u
i
et
a
l.
[
1
]
p
r
o
v
id
ed
a
cr
itical
r
ev
iew
o
f
d
ata
war
eh
o
u
s
es
in
th
e
co
n
te
x
t
o
f
war
eh
o
u
s
e
m
an
ag
em
en
t.
T
h
is
p
ap
e
r
d
is
c
u
s
s
ed
th
e
r
o
le
o
f
d
ata
war
eh
o
u
s
es
in
ag
g
r
eg
a
tin
g
an
d
an
al
y
zin
g
o
p
e
r
atio
n
al
d
ata
to
s
u
p
p
o
r
t
d
ec
is
io
n
.
R
am
ír
ez
-
Faz
et
a
l.
[
2
]
h
ig
h
lig
h
te
d
th
e
u
s
e
o
f
I
o
T
f
o
r
r
ea
l
-
tim
e
tem
p
er
atu
r
e
m
o
n
ito
r
in
g
in
r
etail
r
ef
r
ig
er
ated
ca
b
in
ets.
Sath
y
a
et
a
l.
[
3
]
p
r
esen
ted
a
n
in
tellig
en
t
war
eh
o
u
s
e
m
o
n
ito
r
in
g
s
y
s
tem
(
W
MS)
u
tili
zin
g
I
o
T
.
T
h
is
s
y
s
tem
p
r
o
v
id
ed
r
ea
l
-
tim
e
d
ata
o
n
in
v
e
n
to
r
y
le
v
els,
eq
u
ip
m
en
t
s
tatu
s
,
an
d
en
v
ir
o
n
m
en
tal
co
n
d
itio
n
s
.
Z
h
en
an
d
L
i
[
4
]
p
r
o
v
id
ed
a
d
etailed
e
x
am
i
n
atio
n
o
f
tec
h
n
o
l
o
g
ies
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
in
g
war
e
h
o
u
s
e
o
p
er
atio
n
s
in
to
s
m
ar
t
en
v
ir
o
n
m
en
ts
.
A
n
o
v
el
a
p
p
r
o
ac
h
u
s
in
g
th
e
b
o
o
s
ted
m
u
tatio
n
-
b
a
s
ed
Har
r
is
Haw
k
s
o
p
tim
izer
(
B
MH
HO)
was
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
b
y
R
id
h
a
et
a
l.
[
5
]
f
o
r
p
ar
am
eter
id
en
tific
atio
n
o
f
s
in
g
le
-
d
io
d
e
s
o
lar
ce
ll
m
o
d
els.
J
o
s
ep
h
et
a
l.
[
6
]
d
es
cr
ib
ed
a
r
o
b
o
tic
m
an
ip
u
lato
r
s
y
s
tem
eq
u
ip
p
ed
with
co
m
p
u
ter
v
is
io
n
an
d
I
o
T
tech
n
o
lo
g
ies
f
o
r
au
to
m
ate
d
m
ater
ial
h
an
d
lin
g
i
n
war
eh
o
u
s
es.
I
n
2
0
1
9
[
7
]
a
s
ig
n
if
ica
n
t
co
n
tr
ib
u
tio
n
in
th
e
f
ield
o
f
p
o
wer
elec
tr
o
n
ics
with
th
eir
s
tu
d
y
o
n
a
s
witch
ed
-
ca
p
ac
ito
r
in
ter
lea
v
ed
b
id
ir
ec
tio
n
al
co
n
v
e
r
ter
tailo
r
e
d
f
o
r
s
u
p
e
r
ca
p
ac
ito
r
s
in
elec
tr
i
c
v
eh
icles
(
E
Vs)
was
p
r
esen
ted
.
Z
o
leik
h
ae
i
et
a
l.
[
8
]
co
n
t
r
ib
u
ted
to
th
is
d
o
m
ai
n
with
th
eir
s
tu
d
y
o
n
th
e
d
esig
n
an
d
im
p
le
m
en
tatio
n
o
f
an
i
n
ter
leav
ed
s
witch
ed
-
ca
p
ac
ito
r
D
C
-
DC
co
n
v
er
ter
f
o
r
en
er
g
y
s
to
r
ag
e
s
y
s
tem
s
.
A
s
tu
d
y
f
o
cu
s
ed
o
n
f
o
o
d
waste
p
r
ev
en
tio
n
alo
n
g
th
e
f
o
o
d
s
u
p
p
ly
ch
ain
,
em
p
lo
y
i
n
g
a
m
u
lti
-
ac
to
r
a
p
p
r
o
ac
h
to
i
d
en
ti
f
y
ef
f
ec
tiv
e
s
o
lu
tio
n
s
was
p
r
esen
ted
[
9
]
.
Ash
iq
u
e
an
d
Salam
[
1
0
]
co
n
t
r
ib
u
ted
to
th
is
f
ield
with
th
eir
s
tu
d
y
o
n
a
h
ig
h
-
g
ain
,
h
ig
h
-
ef
f
icien
c
y
n
o
n
-
is
o
lated
b
id
i
r
ec
tio
n
al
DC
-
DC
co
n
v
er
ter
f
ea
tu
r
in
g
s
u
s
tain
ed
ze
r
o
v
o
lta
g
e
s
witch
in
g
(
Z
VS)
o
p
er
atio
n
.
A
W
MS
was
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
to
r
e
d
u
ce
th
e
waste
an
d
im
p
r
o
v
e
th
e
q
u
ality
o
f
th
e
co
r
n
p
r
o
d
u
cts
[
1
1
]
.
I
n
th
e
y
ea
r
2
0
1
7
[
1
2
]
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
th
e
h
ig
h
g
ain
b
o
o
s
t
co
n
v
e
r
ter
s
y
s
tem
to
en
h
an
ce
th
e
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
o
f
th
e
s
y
s
tem
.
R
ec
en
t
s
tu
d
ies
[
1
3
]
–
[
1
5
]
ex
p
l
o
r
ed
th
e
in
teg
r
atio
n
o
f
s
o
lar
p
h
o
to
v
o
ltaic
s
y
s
tem
s
with
h
y
b
r
id
en
er
g
y
s
to
r
a
g
e
in
war
eh
o
u
s
e
m
icr
o
g
r
id
s
.
Va
r
io
u
s
s
tu
d
ies
[
1
6
]
–
[
2
3
]
f
o
cu
s
e
d
o
n
th
e
an
aly
s
is
an
d
s
im
u
latio
n
o
f
v
ar
io
u
s
to
p
o
lo
g
ies
o
f
D
C
-
DC
co
n
v
er
ter
s
an
d
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
es
to
im
p
r
o
v
e
th
e
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
o
f
th
e
s
y
s
tem
.
Kim
an
d
Par
k
[
2
4
]
d
is
cu
s
s
ed
an
I
o
T
-
b
ased
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
f
o
r
m
a
n
ag
in
g
war
eh
o
u
s
es,
in
teg
r
atin
g
s
en
s
o
r
n
etwo
r
k
s
an
d
r
a
d
io
f
r
eq
u
e
n
cy
i
d
e
n
ti
f
icatio
n
(
R
FID
)
tech
n
o
lo
g
y
to
tr
ac
k
in
v
en
to
r
y
m
o
v
em
en
t
an
d
o
p
tim
ize
lo
g
is
tics
o
p
er
atio
n
s
.
Patil
et
a
l.
[
2
5
]
co
n
tr
ib
u
ted
to
th
is
f
ield
with
th
eir
s
tu
d
y
o
n
an
au
to
m
ated
r
o
b
o
t
f
o
r
war
eh
o
u
s
es
u
tili
zin
g
im
ag
e
p
r
o
ce
s
s
in
g
t
ec
h
n
iq
u
es.
I
n
th
e
s
tu
d
ies
[
2
6
]
–
[
3
0
]
d
etailed
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
o
n
tr
ac
k
in
g
tr
an
s
p
o
r
t
v
eh
icles
u
s
in
g
a
wir
eless
s
en
s
o
r
n
etwo
r
k
(
W
SN)
an
d
en
er
g
y
y
ield
s
im
u
latio
n
s
o
f
in
ter
co
n
n
ec
ted
s
o
lar
PV a
r
r
ay
s
wer
e
p
r
esen
te
d.
2
.
2
.
Wa
re
ho
us
e
mo
nito
ring
wit
h f
la
ck
dro
id
T
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
m
eth
o
d
in
th
is
s
tu
d
y
ten
d
ed
to
h
av
e
an
in
o
r
d
in
ately
h
ig
h
er
p
r
o
p
o
r
tio
n
o
f
m
o
n
ito
r
in
g
war
eh
o
u
s
e
o
p
er
atio
n
s
to
m
in
i
m
ize
wastag
e
an
d
en
s
u
r
e
p
r
o
d
u
cts
ar
e
m
ain
tain
ed
in
ac
co
r
d
an
ce
with
s
ea
s
o
n
al
r
eq
u
ir
e
m
e
n
ts
.
T
h
e
war
eh
o
u
s
e
m
o
n
ito
r
in
g
s
y
s
tem
’
s
b
lo
ck
d
iag
r
am
is
d
is
p
lay
ed
in
Fig
u
r
e
1
.
T
h
e
f
lack
d
r
o
id
p
r
ev
en
ts
th
e
f
ir
e
ac
cid
e
n
t
o
cc
u
r
r
in
g
in
s
id
e
th
e
war
eh
o
u
s
e
th
a
t
m
ay
b
e
ca
u
s
ed
d
u
e
to
im
p
r
o
p
er
m
ain
ten
an
ce
o
r
d
u
e
to
elec
tr
ical
p
r
o
b
lem
.
T
h
e
f
lack
d
r
o
id
is
ass
em
b
led
o
n
a
p
latf
o
r
m
with
a
th
ick
n
ess
o
f
6
m
m
,
in
th
e
f
r
o
n
t
en
d
o
f
th
e
p
latf
o
r
m
it
is
s
h
ap
ed
lik
e
ar
c
s
o
th
e
f
lam
e
s
en
s
o
r
ca
n
co
v
er
t
h
e
r
an
g
e
o
f
1
8
0
-
d
e
g
r
ee
.
At
b
o
tto
m
o
f
th
e
p
latf
o
r
m
f
o
u
r
DC
m
o
t
o
r
s
with
wh
ee
l
ar
e
p
lace
d
in
ea
ch
co
r
n
e
r
f
o
r
th
e
m
o
v
em
e
n
t
o
f
t
h
e
f
lack
d
r
o
id
an
d
a
p
air
o
f
b
atter
ies
ar
e
p
lace
d
at
b
o
tto
m
to
p
o
wer
u
p
th
e
f
lac
k
d
r
o
id
.
Flam
e
s
en
s
o
r
s
,
s
m
o
k
e
s
en
s
o
r
s
,
an
d
f
ir
e
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
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alar
m
s
ar
e
p
ar
t
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f
a
s
af
ety
e
q
u
ip
m
en
t
th
at
h
elp
th
e
war
e
h
o
u
s
e
m
o
n
ito
r
in
g
with
f
lack
d
r
o
id
in
k
ee
p
in
g
o
u
r
war
eh
o
u
s
es
s
af
e
f
r
o
m
f
ir
e
ac
c
id
en
ts
.
A
f
lam
e
s
en
s
o
r
is
a
d
e
v
ice
th
at
ca
n
b
e
u
s
ed
to
d
etec
t
p
r
esen
ce
o
f
a
f
ir
e
s
o
u
r
ce
o
r
an
y
o
th
er
b
r
ig
h
t
lig
h
t
s
o
u
r
ce
s
.
DC
p
o
wer
e
d
p
u
m
p
s
u
s
e
d
ir
ec
t
cu
r
r
en
t
f
r
o
m
m
o
to
r
,
b
atter
y
o
r
s
o
lar
p
o
wer
to
m
o
v
e
f
lu
id
in
a
v
ar
ie
ty
o
f
way
s
.
A
an
al
y
tical
m
o
d
e
l
f
o
r
PV
m
o
d
u
le
is
m
ad
e
f
o
r
a
s
o
lar
p
h
o
to
v
o
ltaic
(
SP
V)
p
o
wer
s
y
s
tem
an
d
Per
tu
r
b
an
d
o
b
s
er
v
e
MPPT
co
n
t
r
o
l
alg
o
r
ith
m
is
in
tr
o
d
u
ce
d
to
m
ax
im
ize
th
e
PV
s
y
s
tem
’
s
p
o
wer
o
u
tp
u
t
in
r
esp
o
n
s
e
to
ch
an
g
es
in
tem
p
er
at
u
r
e,
in
s
o
latio
n
,
an
d
o
th
er
en
v
ir
o
n
m
en
tal
f
ac
to
r
s
.
Her
e,
h
ig
h
g
ain
f
o
r
th
e
DC
-
DC
co
n
v
er
ter
is
ac
h
iev
e
d
b
y
th
e
an
aly
s
is
,
d
esig
n
,
an
d
im
p
le
m
en
tatio
n
o
f
b
o
o
s
t
-
f
ly
b
ac
k
DC
-
DC
co
n
v
er
te
r
s
.
T
h
e
b
lo
ck
d
iag
r
a
m
o
f
t
h
e
b
o
o
s
t
-
f
ly
b
ac
k
co
n
v
er
ter
f
o
r
th
e
W
MS
b
ased
o
n
SP
V
m
o
d
u
les is
d
is
p
lay
ed
in
Fig
u
r
e
2
.
Fig
u
r
e
1
.
B
lo
ck
d
ia
g
r
am
of
wa
r
eh
o
u
s
e
m
o
n
i
t
o
r
i
n
g
s
y
s
t
e
m
Fig
u
r
e
2
.
B
lo
ck
d
iag
r
a
m
o
f
SP
V
m
o
d
u
le
-
b
as
ed
b
o
o
s
t
-
f
ly
b
ac
k
co
n
v
er
ter
f
o
r
war
eh
o
u
s
e
m
o
n
ito
r
in
g
s
y
s
t
e
m
2
.
3
.
H
a
rdwa
re
d
e
s
c
r
ip
t
i
o
n
T
h
e
f
lo
wch
ar
t
s
h
o
wn
in
Fig
u
r
e
3
d
ep
icts
th
e
o
p
er
atio
n
al
f
l
o
w
o
f
a
F
lack
D
r
o
id
s
y
s
tem
,
s
t
ar
tin
g
with
in
itializatio
n
wh
er
e
b
o
o
t
p
a
r
a
m
eter
s
ar
e
s
et
to
f
alse
a
n
d
in
p
u
t/o
u
tp
u
t
co
m
p
o
n
e
n
ts
ar
e
s
p
ec
if
ied
.
T
h
e
m
ain
p
r
o
ce
s
s
in
v
o
lv
es
a
lo
o
p
th
at
ch
ec
k
s
if
all
task
s
a
r
e
co
m
p
lete,
an
d
if
n
o
t,
it
p
r
o
ce
e
d
s
th
r
o
u
g
h
a
s
er
ies
o
f
d
ec
is
io
n
p
o
in
ts
.
Fig
u
r
e
3.
Flo
w
ch
a
r
t
o
f
th
e
f
la
ck
d
r
o
i
d
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
t J I
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f
&
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iva
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vith
a
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3.
RE
SU
L
T
S AN
D
D
I
SCU
SS
I
O
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3
.
1
.
H
a
r
d
w
a
r
e
a
n
d
s
o
ftwa
r
e
r
e
a
l
i
z
a
t
i
o
n
o
f
wa
r
e
h
o
u
se
m
o
n
ito
r
i
n
g
fla
c
k
d
r
o
id
T
h
e
v
ital
s
tep
in
m
ak
in
g
s
u
r
e
a
d
esig
n
co
m
p
lies
with
s
p
ec
if
icatio
n
s
is
d
esig
n
v
er
i
f
icatio
n
.
T
h
e
co
n
ce
p
t
o
f
h
ar
d
war
e
d
esig
n
v
er
if
icatio
n
is
d
is
cu
s
s
ed
in
th
is
s
ec
tio
n
,
wh
ich
also
b
r
ief
ly
d
i
s
cu
s
s
es
th
e
v
ar
io
u
s
v
er
if
icatio
n
tec
h
n
iq
u
es
an
d
th
eir
ad
v
a
n
tag
es.
Fig
u
r
es
4
a
n
d
5
s
h
o
ws
th
e
c
h
ass
is
p
latf
o
r
m
an
d
ar
r
a
n
g
em
en
t.
At
th
e
to
p
o
f
f
lack
d
r
o
id
all
s
en
s
o
r
s
an
d
c
o
n
tain
er
ar
e
p
la
ce
d
in
p
r
o
p
er
p
o
s
itio
n
to
m
ai
n
tain
th
e
ce
n
ter
o
f
g
r
av
ity
o
f
th
e
f
lac
k
d
r
o
id
.
Fig
u
r
e
4
.
T
o
p
v
iew
of
th
e
c
h
a
s
s
is
Fig
u
r
e
5.
Fr
o
n
t v
iew
of
th
e
c
h
a
s
s
i
s
T
h
e
f
lam
e
s
en
s
o
r
ca
n
d
etec
t
t
h
e
f
ir
e
at
a
m
a
x
im
u
m
r
an
g
e
o
f
1
0
0
cm
,
with
a
n
a
n
g
le
o
f
6
0
d
eg
r
ee
.
I
n
o
u
r
p
ap
er
we
p
lace
d
th
r
ee
f
lam
e
s
en
s
o
r
s
in
a
n
ar
c
d
esig
n
to
d
etec
t
th
e
f
ir
e
with
th
e
m
ax
im
u
m
an
g
le
o
f
1
8
0
d
eg
r
ee
.
Fig
u
r
e
6
d
is
p
lay
s
th
e
f
lam
e
s
en
s
o
r
’
s
s
ch
em
atic
d
iag
r
am
.
T
h
e
f
la
k
d
r
o
id
m
o
v
es
in
d
ep
en
d
e
n
tly
in
th
e
d
ir
ec
tio
n
o
f
t
h
e
f
ir
e
af
ter
t
h
e
f
l
am
e
s
en
s
o
r
d
etec
ts
it.
T
h
e
d
r
o
id
s
to
p
s
wh
en
th
e
f
ir
e
zo
n
e
is
with
in
th
r
ee
to
f
iv
e
ce
n
tim
eter
s
.
T
h
e
f
lam
e
s
en
s
o
r
p
r
o
d
u
ce
s
an
o
u
tp
u
t
in
d
ig
ital
f
o
r
m
,
wh
ich
is
th
en
s
en
t
to
th
e
Ar
d
u
in
o
b
o
ar
d
.
T
h
e
wate
r
p
u
m
p
ac
tiv
ates
in
ac
co
r
d
an
ce
with
p
r
o
g
r
am
m
in
g
u
p
lo
ad
ed
to
th
e
Ar
d
u
in
o
w
h
en
th
e
f
lak
d
r
o
id
en
ter
s
th
e
f
ir
e
zo
n
e
.
T
h
e
wate
r
in
th
e
f
lak
d
r
o
id
s
co
n
tain
e
r
k
ee
p
s
th
e
f
i
r
e
f
r
o
m
s
p
r
ea
d
in
g
an
d
p
r
ese
r
v
es
wate
r
in
th
e
f
ir
e
z
o
n
e.
Fig
u
r
e
7
d
is
p
lay
s
th
e
f
lam
e
s
en
s
o
r
o
u
tp
u
t
g
r
ap
h
ically
.
Fig
u
r
e
6
.
Sch
em
atic
d
iag
r
am
o
f
f
lam
e
s
en
s
o
r
Fig
u
r
e
7.
Flam
e
s
en
s
o
r
o
u
tp
u
t
g
r
a
p
h
T
h
e
s
o
f
twar
e
s
im
u
latio
n
is
d
o
n
e
in
Pro
teu
s
s
o
f
twar
e.
Her
e
t
wo
s
im
u
latio
n
s
ar
e
d
o
n
e,
f
ir
s
t
s
im
u
latio
n
is
d
o
n
e
f
o
r
th
e
f
lack
d
r
o
id
a
n
d
Fig
u
r
e
8
s
h
o
ws
t
h
e
s
im
u
l
atio
n
o
f
war
e
h
o
u
s
e
p
ar
am
eter
s
an
d
s
ec
o
n
d
is
f
o
r
m
o
n
ito
r
in
g
th
e
war
e
h
o
u
s
e
p
a
r
am
eter
s
lik
e
tem
p
er
atu
r
e,
h
u
m
id
ity
,
an
d
s
m
o
k
e
s
en
s
o
r
a
n
d
Fig
u
r
e
9
s
h
o
ws
th
e
s
im
u
latio
n
o
f
tem
p
er
atu
r
e
a
n
d
h
u
m
id
ity
s
en
s
o
r
.
Her
e
th
e
alg
o
r
ith
m
is
u
s
ed
to
g
et
th
e
tally
to
ap
p
r
o
p
r
iate
ev
alu
atio
n
o
f
th
e
war
eh
o
u
s
e
p
ar
am
eter
to
m
o
n
ito
r
th
e
p
r
o
d
u
ct
in
th
e
war
eh
o
u
s
e.
L
in
ea
r
r
eg
r
ess
io
n
an
d
m
ea
n
ab
s
o
lu
te
er
r
o
r
is
u
s
ed
f
o
r
g
etti
n
g
th
e
p
ar
am
etr
ic
v
alu
es
f
o
r
m
o
n
ito
r
in
g
th
e
war
eh
o
u
s
e.
T
h
e
wastag
e
ca
u
s
ed
in
th
e
war
eh
o
u
s
e
ca
n
b
e
r
e
d
u
ce
d
an
d
th
e
in
v
en
to
r
y
o
f
th
e
war
eh
o
u
s
e
ca
n
b
e
o
b
tain
ed
at
an
y
ti
m
e.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N:
2
2
5
2
-
8
7
7
6
I
n
t J I
n
f
&
C
o
m
m
u
n
T
ec
h
n
o
l,
Vo
l.
1
4
,
No
.
3
,
Dec
em
b
er
2
0
2
5
:
802
-
8
1
0
806
Fig
u
r
e
8
.
Simu
latio
n
of
war
eh
o
u
s
e
p
ar
am
ete
r
s
Fig
u
r
e
9
.
Simu
latio
n
of
tem
p
e
r
atu
r
e
an
d
h
u
m
i
d
i
t
y
3
.
2
.
H
a
rdwa
re
im
plem
ent
a
t
io
n SPV
ba
s
ed
bo
o
s
t
-
f
ly
ba
ck
co
nv
er
t
er
T
h
e
s
tu
d
y
ex
p
lo
r
ed
a
co
m
p
r
e
h
en
s
iv
e
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
th
at
u
s
e
b
o
o
s
t
f
ly
b
ac
k
DC
-
DC
co
n
v
er
te
r
u
s
in
g
th
e
FOPID
co
n
tr
o
ller
is
d
e
m
o
n
s
tr
ated
.
T
h
e
Fig
u
r
e
1
0
g
iv
es
th
e
h
ar
d
war
e
im
p
lem
en
tatio
n
o
f
f
ly
b
ac
k
c
o
n
v
e
r
ter
.
Fig
u
r
e
1
1
g
iv
es
th
e
h
ar
d
war
e
o
u
tp
u
t
d
is
p
lay
o
f
f
ly
b
ac
k
co
n
v
er
ter
.
T
h
e
ef
f
icien
cy
co
m
p
ar
is
o
n
with
an
d
with
o
u
t
co
n
tr
o
ller
is
d
o
n
e
an
d
r
ec
o
r
d
ed
.
T
h
e
T
a
b
le
1
s
h
o
ws
th
e
co
m
p
ar
is
o
n
o
f
B
o
o
s
t
f
ly
b
ac
k
co
n
v
er
ter
with
an
d
with
o
u
t c
o
n
tr
o
ller
.
Fig
u
r
e
1
0
.
Har
d
war
e
k
it
Fig
u
r
e
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1
.
Ou
tp
u
t i
n
d
is
p
lay
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le
1
.
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o
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p
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r
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o
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co
n
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ter
with
a
n
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o
u
t c
o
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ller
S
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To
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e
r
2
,
5
2
0
2
,
5
2
0
B
a
t
t
e
r
y
p
o
w
e
r
1
,
0
5
1
1
,
0
5
1
Ef
f
i
c
i
e
n
c
y
8
4
.
2
%
9
2
.
6
%
3
.
3
.
Sim
ula
t
i
o
n
re
s
ults o
f
SPV
ba
s
ed
bo
o
s
t
-
f
ly
ba
ck
co
nv
er
t
er
T
h
e
s
im
u
latio
n
r
esu
lts
ar
e
s
h
o
wn
in
Fig
u
r
e
1
2
.
Fo
r
th
e
s
im
u
latio
n
,
s
o
lar
PV
m
o
d
u
le
with
th
e
o
p
en
cir
cu
it
v
o
ltag
e
o
f
1
8
V,
s
h
o
r
t
cir
cu
it
cu
r
r
en
t
o
f
1
A
an
d
th
e
o
u
tp
u
t
p
o
we
r
o
f
1
8
W
is
co
n
s
id
er
ed
.
B
atter
y
s
to
r
ag
e
s
y
s
tem
with
th
e
ca
p
ac
i
ty
o
f
1
.
6
k
VA,
1
0
0
V,
an
d
2
A
is
u
s
ed
.
T
h
e
o
u
t
p
u
t
o
f
s
o
lar
w
ith
b
atter
y
b
ac
k
u
p
is
s
h
o
wn
in
Fig
u
r
e
1
3
.
T
h
e
r
esu
lts
d
ep
ict
th
at
th
e
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
s
y
s
tem
p
r
o
v
id
es
b
etter
r
esu
lts
ev
en
if
th
e
atm
o
s
p
h
er
ic
v
ar
iatio
n
s
ar
e
f
o
r
eseen
.
Ho
wev
er
,
th
e
o
p
tim
iz
atio
n
alg
o
r
ith
m
m
a
y
b
e
in
co
r
p
o
r
ated
to
im
p
r
o
v
e
th
e
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
o
f
th
e
s
y
s
tem
f
u
r
th
er
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
t J I
n
f
&
C
o
m
m
u
n
T
ec
h
n
o
l
I
SS
N:
2
2
5
2
-
8
7
7
6
S
o
la
r
-
p
o
w
ered
b
o
o
s
t
-
fly
b
a
c
k
co
n
ve
r
ter fo
r
efficien
t wa
r
eh
o
u
s
e
…
(
S
.
S
iva
jo
th
i Ka
vith
a
)
807
B
O
O
ST
F
L
YB
AC
K
–
O
P
E
N
L
O
O
P
C
O
N
T
R
O
L
B
O
O
ST
F
L
Y
B
ACK
–
CL
O
S
E
D
L
O
O
P
C
O
NT
R
O
L
Fig
u
r
e
1
2
.
Simu
latio
n
r
e
s
u
l
t
s
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N:
2
2
5
2
-
8
7
7
6
I
n
t J I
n
f
&
C
o
m
m
u
n
T
ec
h
n
o
l,
Vo
l.
1
4
,
No
.
3
,
Dec
em
b
er
2
0
2
5
:
802
-
8
1
0
808
Fig
u
r
e
1
3
.
Ou
tp
u
t
o
f
s
o
lar
wit
h
b
atter
y
b
ac
k
u
p
4.
I
M
P
L
I
CA
T
I
O
N
S F
O
R
F
UT
URE R
E
S
E
ARCH
W
ith
th
e
d
ev
elo
p
m
en
t
o
f
tec
h
n
o
lo
g
y
,
wa
r
eh
o
u
s
e
m
o
n
ito
r
i
n
g
p
r
o
s
p
ec
ts
f
o
r
f
i
r
e
s
af
ety
a
p
p
ea
r
t
o
b
e
im
p
r
o
v
in
g
.
Ar
tific
ial
in
tellig
e
n
ce
,
wir
eless
n
etwo
r
k
s
,
an
d
s
e
n
s
o
r
ad
v
an
ce
m
e
n
ts
h
av
e
m
ad
e
it
p
o
s
s
ib
le
f
o
r
f
ir
e
alar
m
s
to
id
en
tify
f
ir
es
ea
r
lier
an
d
with
g
r
ea
ter
ac
cu
r
ac
y
.
O
u
r
p
ap
er
d
em
o
n
s
tr
ates
th
at
in
th
e
e
v
en
t
o
f
a
f
ir
e
,
th
is
co
u
ld
m
in
im
ize
d
am
ag
e
a
n
d
p
r
eser
v
e
liv
es.
Fu
r
th
er
m
o
r
e,
th
er
e
is
a
g
r
o
win
g
ten
d
en
cy
in
th
e
f
ield
o
f
f
ir
e
alar
m
s
y
s
tem
in
teg
r
atio
n
’
s
,
w
h
ich
f
ac
ilit
ates
s
m
o
o
th
co
m
m
u
n
icatio
n
with
o
th
e
r
s
af
ety
s
y
s
tem
s
in
a
b
u
ild
in
g
,
s
u
ch
as a
cc
ess
co
n
tr
o
l,
em
er
g
e
n
cy
lig
h
tin
g
,
an
d
f
ir
e
s
u
p
p
r
ess
io
n
.
5.
CO
NCLU
SI
O
N
T
h
u
s
,
b
y
im
p
lem
e
n
tin
g
th
e
au
to
n
o
m
o
u
s
f
lak
d
r
o
id
,
au
th
o
r
ized
in
ch
ar
g
es
s
h
all
r
ea
c
h
th
e
f
ir
e
ac
cid
en
t z
o
n
e
f
aster
an
d
s
h
all
elim
in
ate
th
e
f
ir
e.
T
h
e
d
am
a
g
e
ca
u
s
ed
b
y
th
e
f
ir
e
p
r
esen
t in
t
h
e
war
eh
o
u
s
e
s
h
all
b
e
m
in
im
ized
.
Au
to
m
atic
in
v
e
n
to
r
y
o
f
th
e
war
eh
o
u
s
e
will
g
i
v
e
in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
o
f
th
e
p
r
o
d
u
ct
th
at
is
p
r
esen
t
an
d
n
o
t
p
r
esen
t.
Ou
r
f
in
d
i
n
g
s
p
r
o
v
id
e
co
n
clu
s
iv
e
ev
id
e
n
ce
th
at
th
is
p
h
en
o
m
en
o
n
is
ass
o
ciate
d
with
m
ain
ten
an
ce
o
f
th
e
war
e
h
o
u
s
e
a
n
d
th
e
in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
a
b
o
u
t
th
e
p
r
o
d
u
ct
s
h
all
b
e
o
b
tain
e
d
ea
s
ily
.
Als
o
,
th
e
c
o
o
r
d
in
ated
co
n
tr
o
l
o
f
a
s
o
lar
s
o
u
r
ce
in
t
eg
r
ated
b
o
o
s
t
-
f
ly
b
ac
k
c
o
n
v
er
ter
u
s
in
g
an
em
b
e
d
d
ed
co
n
tr
o
ller
b
r
in
g
s
s
ev
er
al
ad
v
an
tag
es
to
in
d
u
s
tr
ial
ap
p
licatio
n
s
.
I
t
en
ab
les
ef
f
icien
t
an
d
r
eliab
le
o
p
e
r
atio
n
b
y
s
ea
m
less
ly
s
wi
tch
in
g
b
etwe
en
p
o
wer
s
o
u
r
ce
s
an
d
r
e
g
u
latin
g
th
e
o
u
tp
u
t
v
o
ltag
e.
H
ig
h
s
tep
-
u
p
v
o
ltag
e
g
ain
is
ac
h
iev
ed
with
o
u
t
th
e
n
ee
d
f
o
r
a
n
ex
ce
p
tio
n
ally
h
ig
h
d
u
ty
r
atio
b
y
u
tili
zin
g
a
n
ew
DC
-
DC
co
n
v
er
ter
.
Usi
n
g
a
FOPID
f
o
r
th
e
p
o
wer
s
witch
,
a
p
u
ls
e
wid
th
m
o
d
u
latio
n
(
PW
M)
s
ig
n
al
co
n
tr
o
ls
th
e
co
n
v
e
r
ter
.
B
o
o
s
t,
f
o
r
w
ar
d
,
an
d
f
ly
b
ac
k
co
m
p
o
n
en
ts
ar
e
in
teg
r
ated
in
t
o
th
e
cir
cu
it
co
n
s
tr
u
ctio
n
.
As
a
r
esu
lt,
s
witch
es
with
lo
w
co
n
d
u
ctio
n
r
esis
tan
ce
an
d
lo
w
v
o
ltag
e
r
atin
g
ar
e
u
s
e
d
to
in
cr
ea
s
e
co
n
v
e
r
ter
ef
f
icien
cy
.
A
d
etailed
an
aly
s
is
is
m
ad
e
b
y
th
e
ef
f
icien
cy
cu
r
v
es,
th
eo
r
etica
l a
n
aly
s
is
,
ex
p
er
im
en
tal
wav
e
f
o
r
m
s
,
an
d
o
p
er
atin
g
p
r
in
cip
les.
F
UNDING
I
NF
O
R
M
A
T
I
O
N
T
h
is
r
esear
ch
was
co
n
d
u
cted
as
a
s
elf
-
in
itiated
p
r
o
ject
with
o
u
t
an
y
ex
ter
n
al
f
u
n
d
in
g
s
u
p
p
o
r
t.
T
h
e
wo
r
k
was
m
o
t
iv
ated
b
y
p
er
s
o
n
al
in
ter
est
an
d
a
d
esire
to
co
n
tr
ib
u
te
to
th
e
ex
is
tin
g
b
o
d
y
o
f
k
n
o
wled
g
e.
All
r
eso
u
r
ce
s
,
in
clu
d
in
g
eq
u
ip
m
e
n
t,
m
ater
ials
,
a
n
d
tim
e,
wer
e
p
r
o
v
id
e
d
i
n
d
ep
e
n
d
en
tly
b
y
th
e
r
esear
ch
er
s
.
T
h
is
au
to
n
o
m
o
u
s
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
allo
wed
f
o
r
co
m
p
lete
cr
ea
tiv
e
f
r
ee
d
o
m
in
m
eth
o
d
o
lo
g
y
an
d
r
esear
c
h
d
ir
ec
tio
n
.
AUTHO
R
CO
NT
RI
B
UT
I
O
NS ST
A
T
E
M
E
N
T
Na
m
e
o
f
Aut
ho
r
C
M
So
Va
Fo
I
R
D
O
E
Vi
Su
P
Fu
S.
Siv
ajo
th
i K
av
ith
a
✓
✓
✓
✓
✓
✓
✓
✓
✓
✓
✓
✓
D.
Ush
a
✓
✓
✓
✓
✓
✓
✓
✓
✓
V.
J
am
u
n
a
✓
✓
✓
✓
✓
✓
✓
✓
✓
✓
C
:
C
o
n
c
e
p
t
u
a
l
i
z
a
t
i
o
n
M
:
M
e
t
h
o
d
o
l
o
g
y
So
:
So
f
t
w
a
r
e
Va
:
Va
l
i
d
a
t
i
o
n
Fo
:
Fo
r
mal
a
n
a
l
y
s
i
s
I
:
I
n
v
e
s
t
i
g
a
t
i
o
n
R
:
R
e
so
u
r
c
e
s
D
:
D
a
t
a
C
u
r
a
t
i
o
n
O
:
W
r
i
t
i
n
g
-
O
r
i
g
i
n
a
l
D
r
a
f
t
E
:
W
r
i
t
i
n
g
-
R
e
v
i
e
w
&
E
d
i
t
i
n
g
Vi
:
Vi
su
a
l
i
z
a
t
i
o
n
Su
:
Su
p
e
r
v
i
s
i
o
n
P
:
P
r
o
j
e
c
t
a
d
mi
n
i
st
r
a
t
i
o
n
Fu
:
Fu
n
d
i
n
g
a
c
q
u
i
si
t
i
o
n
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
t J I
n
f
&
C
o
m
m
u
n
T
ec
h
n
o
l
I
SS
N:
2
2
5
2
-
8
7
7
6
S
o
la
r
-
p
o
w
ered
b
o
o
s
t
-
fly
b
a
c
k
co
n
ve
r
ter fo
r
efficien
t wa
r
eh
o
u
s
e
…
(
S
.
S
iva
jo
th
i Ka
vith
a
)
809
CO
NF
L
I
C
T
O
F
I
N
T
E
R
E
S
T
ST
A
T
E
M
E
NT
T
h
e
au
th
o
r
s
d
ec
lar
e
n
o
co
m
p
etin
g
in
ter
ests
o
r
co
n
f
licts
o
f
in
ter
est
in
r
elatio
n
to
th
is
wo
r
k
.
No
f
in
an
cial
s
u
p
p
o
r
t,
g
r
a
n
ts
,
o
r
f
u
n
d
in
g
wer
e
r
ec
eiv
e
d
f
r
o
m
an
y
o
r
g
an
izatio
n
o
r
c
o
m
m
er
ci
al
en
tity
f
o
r
t
h
e
co
n
d
u
ct
o
f
th
is
r
esear
ch
.
T
h
e
au
th
o
r
s
h
av
e
n
o
f
in
an
cial
r
e
latio
n
s
h
ip
s
,
co
n
s
u
ltin
g
ag
r
ee
m
en
ts
,
o
r
b
u
s
in
ess
ass
o
ciatio
n
s
th
at
co
u
ld
p
o
te
n
tially
in
f
lu
en
ce
th
e
r
esear
ch
o
u
tco
m
es
o
r
c
r
ea
te
b
ias
in
t
h
e
in
ter
p
r
etatio
n
o
f
r
esu
lts
.
T
h
is
wo
r
k
was
c
o
n
d
u
cted
in
d
ep
en
d
en
tly
with
o
u
t
an
y
e
x
ter
n
al
p
r
ess
u
r
es
o
r
o
b
l
ig
atio
n
s
th
at
m
ig
h
t
co
m
p
r
o
m
is
e
th
e
o
b
jectiv
ity
o
f
th
e
r
esear
ch
f
in
d
in
g
s
.
DATA AV
AI
L
AB
I
L
I
T
Y
Data
av
ailab
ilit
y
is
n
o
t
ap
p
li
ca
b
le
to
th
is
p
ap
er
as
n
o
n
e
w
d
ata
wer
e
cr
ea
ted
o
r
an
aly
ze
d
in
th
is
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tac
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:
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n
a
m
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m
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m
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.
c
o
m
.
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