I
nte
rna
t
io
na
l J
o
urna
l o
f
E
lect
rica
l a
nd
Co
m
pu
t
er
E
ng
ineering
(
I
J
E
CE
)
Vo
l.
15
,
No
.
4
,
A
u
g
u
s
t
20
25
,
p
p
.
4
1
3
3
~
4
1
4
7
I
SS
N:
2088
-
8
7
0
8
,
DOI
: 1
0
.
1
1
5
9
1
/ijece.
v
15
i
4
.
pp
4
1
3
3
-
4
1
4
7
4133
J
o
ur
na
l ho
m
ep
a
g
e
:
h
ttp
:
//ij
ec
e.
ia
esco
r
e.
co
m
Techno
-
econ
o
mic
ana
ly
sis
of a 4
MW so
la
r photo
v
o
ltaic
ca
pa
city ex
pa
nsio
n in a remo
te
Ind
o
nesia
n villa
g
e
Ag
ie
M
a
lik
i A
k
ba
r
1
,
F
a
h
m
y
Rina
nd
a
Sa
pu
t
ri
2
,
Da
v
id T
e
e
3
1
D
e
p
a
r
t
me
n
t
o
f
E
n
g
i
n
e
e
r
i
n
g
P
h
y
s
i
c
s
,
F
a
c
u
l
t
y
o
f
C
l
e
a
n
E
n
e
r
g
y
a
n
d
C
l
i
m
a
t
e
C
h
a
n
g
e
,
S
u
r
y
a
U
n
i
v
e
r
si
t
y
,
T
a
n
g
e
r
a
n
g
,
I
n
d
o
n
e
si
a
2
D
e
p
a
r
t
me
n
t
o
f
E
n
g
i
n
e
e
r
i
n
g
P
h
y
s
i
c
s
,
F
a
c
u
l
t
y
o
f
E
n
g
i
n
e
e
r
i
n
g
a
n
d
I
n
f
o
r
mat
i
c
s,
U
n
i
v
e
r
s
i
t
a
s
M
u
l
t
i
me
d
i
a
N
u
sa
n
t
a
r
a
,
Ta
n
g
e
r
a
n
g
,
I
n
d
o
n
e
s
i
a
3
A
r
c
h
i
t
e
c
t
u
r
e
D
e
p
a
r
t
me
n
t
,
F
a
c
u
l
t
y
o
f
A
r
t
a
n
d
D
e
si
g
n
,
U
n
i
v
e
r
s
i
t
a
s
M
u
l
t
i
me
d
i
a
N
u
s
a
n
t
a
r
a
,
Ta
n
g
e
r
a
n
g
,
I
n
d
o
n
e
si
a
Art
icle
I
nfo
AB
S
T
RAC
T
A
r
ticle
his
to
r
y:
R
ec
eiv
ed
Au
g
9
,
2
0
2
4
R
ev
is
ed
Ma
r
2
5
,
2
0
2
5
Acc
ep
ted
Ma
y
2
3
,
2
0
2
5
As
o
f
t
h
e
e
n
d
o
f
2
0
2
2
,
I
n
d
o
n
e
sia
’s
e
lec
tri
fica
ti
o
n
ra
ti
o
re
a
c
h
e
d
9
9
.
6
3
%
,
re
flec
ti
n
g
sig
n
ifi
c
a
n
t
p
r
o
g
re
ss
.
Ho
we
v
e
r,
t
h
e
p
r
o
v
i
n
c
e
o
f
Eas
t
Nu
sa
Ten
g
g
a
ra
lag
s
b
e
h
i
n
d
with
a
n
e
l
e
c
tri
fica
ti
o
n
ra
ti
o
b
e
l
o
w
9
0
%
,
i
n
d
ica
ti
n
g
a
c
o
n
sid
e
ra
b
le
g
a
p
in
e
n
e
r
g
y
a
c
c
e
ss
.
Th
is
c
h
a
ll
e
n
g
e
is
p
a
rti
c
u
larly
e
v
id
e
n
t
i
n
Oe
lp
u
a
h
v
il
lag
e
,
w
h
e
re
fre
q
u
e
n
t
p
o
we
r
o
u
ta
g
e
s
o
c
c
u
r
d
u
e
to
th
e
i
n
a
d
e
q
u
a
c
y
o
f
th
e
e
x
isti
n
g
5
M
W
so
lar
fa
rm
.
Th
is
stu
d
y
p
r
o
p
o
se
s
a
d
d
re
ss
in
g
th
is
sh
o
rtfall
b
y
e
x
p
a
n
d
i
n
g
th
e
so
la
r
fa
rm
c
a
p
a
c
it
y
b
y
a
n
a
d
d
it
i
o
n
a
l
4
M
W
.
Co
m
p
re
h
e
n
si
v
e
fe
a
sib
il
it
y
stu
d
ies
we
re
c
o
n
d
u
c
ted
,
e
v
a
lu
a
t
in
g
s
o
lar
ra
d
iatio
n
,
n
a
t
u
ra
l
d
isa
ste
r
risk
s,
a
n
d
lan
d
u
se
.
T
h
e
a
n
a
ly
sis,
s
u
p
p
o
rted
b
y
P
VSy
st
sim
u
lati
o
n
s,
id
e
n
t
ifi
e
d
a
su
it
a
b
le
site
with
h
ig
h
ra
d
iati
o
n
lev
e
ls,
th
o
u
g
h
it
is
n
o
t
e
n
ti
re
ly
fre
e
fro
m
d
isa
ste
r
risk
s.
Th
e
d
e
sig
n
re
q
u
ires
1
3
,
5
0
0
so
lar
p
a
n
e
l
m
o
d
u
les
,
e
a
c
h
with
a
c
a
p
a
c
it
y
o
f
3
3
0
W
p
,
a
n
d
se
v
e
n
5
0
0
k
W
in
v
e
rters
.
O
p
ti
m
a
l
sy
ste
m
p
e
rfo
r
m
a
n
c
e
is
a
c
h
iev
e
d
wit
h
a
1
5
-
d
e
g
re
e
p
a
n
e
l
ti
lt
a
n
d
a
0
-
d
e
g
re
e
a
z
imu
th
,
a
li
g
n
i
n
g
wi
th
th
e
site'
s
lo
c
a
ti
o
n
so
u
th
o
f
t
h
e
eq
u
a
to
r.
T
h
is
e
x
p
a
n
sio
n
c
o
u
l
d
su
p
p
l
y
e
lec
tri
c
it
y
to
u
p
to
4
,
0
1
4
h
o
u
se
h
o
l
d
s,
e
a
c
h
with
a
ty
p
ica
l
p
o
we
r
u
sa
g
e
o
f
0
.
8
2
5
k
W.
Th
e
st
u
d
y
h
ig
h
li
g
h
t
s
th
e
n
e
e
d
fo
r
fu
rt
h
e
r
re
se
a
rc
h
to
e
n
h
a
n
c
e
e
l
e
c
tri
c
it
y
c
o
v
e
ra
g
e
a
c
ro
ss
In
d
o
n
e
si
a
.
K
ey
w
o
r
d
s
:
E
lectr
icity
E
lectr
if
icati
o
n
r
atio
PVSy
s
t
R
ad
iatio
n
lev
el
So
lar
f
ar
m
T
h
is i
s
a
n
o
p
e
n
a
c
c
e
ss
a
rticle
u
n
d
e
r th
e
CC B
Y
-
SA
li
c
e
n
se
.
C
o
r
r
e
s
p
o
nd
ing
A
uth
o
r
:
Fah
m
y
R
in
an
d
a
Sap
u
t
r
i
Dep
ar
tm
en
t o
f
E
n
g
in
ee
r
in
g
Ph
y
s
ics,
Facu
lty
o
f
E
n
g
i
n
ee
r
in
g
an
d
I
n
f
o
r
m
atics,
Un
iv
e
r
s
itas
Mu
ltime
d
ia
Nu
s
an
tar
a
J
l.
Scien
tia
B
o
u
lev
ar
d
,
C
u
r
u
g
San
g
er
en
g
,
Kela
p
a
Du
a,
T
a
n
g
er
an
g
,
B
an
ten
,
I
n
d
o
n
esia
E
m
ail: f
ah
m
y
.
r
i
n
an
d
a@
u
m
n
.
a
c.
id
1.
I
NT
RO
D
UCT
I
O
N
T
h
e
elec
tr
if
icatio
n
r
atio
(
R
E
)
is
a
way
o
f
q
u
an
tify
in
g
th
e
p
er
ce
n
tag
e
o
f
an
ar
ea
th
at
h
as e
lectr
icity
.
I
n
g
en
er
al,
v
illag
es
in
I
n
d
o
n
esia
alr
ea
d
y
h
a
v
e
ac
h
iev
e
d
alm
o
s
t
1
0
0
%
in
2
0
2
0
(
ME
MR
2
0
2
1
)
[
1
]
,
[
2
]
.
T
h
e
latest
d
ata
s
h
o
ws
th
at
I
n
d
o
n
esia
alr
ea
d
y
h
as
a
h
ig
h
R
E
v
alu
e,
at
9
9
.
6
3
%
b
y
th
e
en
d
o
f
2
0
2
2
[
3
]
.
I
n
o
r
d
er
to
ac
h
iev
e
a
h
ig
h
elec
tr
if
icatio
n
r
atio
tar
g
et,
esp
ec
ially
in
r
em
o
te
a
r
ea
s
an
d
is
lan
d
s
,
th
e
u
tili
za
tio
n
o
f
r
en
ewa
b
le
en
er
g
y
b
ec
o
m
e
v
e
r
y
r
elev
an
t
[
4
]
,
[
5
]
.
R
en
ewa
b
le
en
er
g
y
s
u
ch
as
s
o
lar
p
o
wer
p
lan
ts
,
with
th
eir
ab
ilit
y
to
p
r
o
v
id
e
elec
tr
icity
in
d
ep
e
n
d
en
tly
with
o
u
t
r
ely
in
g
o
n
th
e
m
ain
g
r
id
,
p
r
o
v
id
e
a
g
o
o
d
s
o
lu
ti
o
n
to
in
cr
ea
s
e
t
h
e
elec
tr
if
icatio
n
r
atio
an
d
also
m
in
im
alizin
g
c
ar
b
o
n
d
i
o
x
id
e
(
C
O
2
)
e
m
is
s
io
n
[
6
]
–
[
8
]
.
B
y
in
t
eg
r
atin
g
s
o
lar
p
o
wer
p
lan
ts
,
esp
ec
ially
in
ar
ea
s
th
at
ar
e
d
i
f
f
icu
lt
to
r
ea
ch
b
y
co
n
v
en
tio
n
al
p
o
wer
g
r
id
s
,
th
e
g
o
v
er
n
m
e
n
t
ca
n
ac
ce
ler
ate
th
e
im
p
r
o
v
em
e
n
t
o
f
elec
tr
icity
ac
ce
s
s
wh
ile
s
u
p
p
o
r
tin
g
th
e
en
er
g
y
tr
an
s
itio
n
ag
en
d
a
to
wa
r
d
s
clea
n
er
an
d
m
o
r
e
s
u
s
tain
ab
le
e
n
er
g
y
s
o
u
r
ce
s
[
9
]
,
[
1
0
]
.
Sev
er
al
lar
g
e
s
o
lar
p
o
wer
p
la
n
ts
h
av
e
b
ee
n
b
u
ilt
in
I
n
d
o
n
e
s
ia,
s
u
ch
as
C
ir
ata
f
l
o
atin
g
p
h
o
to
v
o
ltaic
1
4
5
MWp
[
1
1
]
,
[
1
2
]
a
n
d
p
o
wer
s
o
lar
p
lan
t
in
Oelp
u
a
h
.
Oelp
u
ah
s
o
lar
p
o
we
r
p
lan
t,
l
o
ca
ted
in
Oelp
u
a
h
Villag
e,
Ku
p
an
g
T
e
n
g
ah
D
is
tr
ict,
Ku
p
an
g
R
eg
e
n
cy
,
E
ast
N
u
s
a
T
en
g
g
ar
a
,
is
th
e
lar
g
est
s
o
lar
p
o
wer
p
lan
t
in
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
0
8
8
-
8
7
0
8
I
n
t J E
lec
&
C
o
m
p
E
n
g
,
Vo
l.
15
,
No
.
4
,
Au
g
u
s
t
20
25
:
4
1
3
3
-
4147
4134
I
n
d
o
n
esia
with
a
ca
p
ac
ity
o
f
5
MWp
[
1
3
]
.
Ho
wev
er
,
th
is
is
co
n
s
id
er
ed
in
s
u
f
f
icien
t
t
o
m
ee
t
th
e
d
em
an
d
.
T
h
er
ef
o
r
e,
a
s
im
u
latio
n
will
b
e
co
n
d
u
cte
d
to
ass
ess
th
e
im
p
ac
t
o
f
ad
d
in
g
an
ad
d
itio
n
al
4
MWp
in
s
o
lar
p
o
wer
p
lan
t sy
s
tem
.
Ho
wev
er
,
th
is
v
alu
e
wh
en
co
m
p
ar
ed
to
E
ast
Nu
s
a
T
en
g
g
a
r
a
Pro
v
i
n
ce
is
q
u
ite
f
a
r
[
1
4
]
,
wh
ich
is
9
2
,
2
0
%.
Sp
ec
if
ically
,
in
Oelp
u
ah
v
illag
e,
th
is
elec
tr
icity
d
is
tr
ib
u
tio
n
is
s
till
n
o
t
f
u
lly
ac
h
iev
ed
[
1
5
]
.
E
x
is
tin
g
ef
f
o
r
ts
to
b
u
ild
a
s
o
lar
f
ar
m
wi
th
a
ca
p
ac
ity
o
f
5
MW a
r
e
s
till
n
o
t e
n
o
u
g
h
to
m
ee
t th
e
n
ee
d
s
o
f
r
esid
en
ts
.
Fro
m
th
is
5
MW,
an
ad
d
itio
n
al
4
MW
o
f
p
o
wer
is
s
till
n
ee
d
ed
to
av
o
id
a
d
ef
icit.
T
h
e
n
ee
d
f
o
r
4
MW
is
th
e
o
b
jectiv
e
o
f
th
is
r
esear
ch
.
T
h
is
r
esear
ch
will
d
eter
m
in
e
th
e
m
o
s
t
ap
p
r
o
p
r
iate
lo
ca
tio
n
b
y
co
n
d
u
ctin
g
f
ea
s
ib
ilit
y
s
tu
d
ies
r
elate
d
to
th
e
p
o
ten
tial
o
f
s
o
lar
r
a
d
iatio
n
,
n
atu
r
al
d
is
aster
s
,
ex
is
tin
g
lan
d
u
s
e,
an
d
th
e
d
is
tan
ce
to
o
n
-
g
r
id
elec
tr
icity
.
T
h
e
f
o
llo
win
g
is
in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
ab
o
u
t
t
h
e
p
o
s
itio
n
o
f
Oelp
u
ah
Villag
e
wh
ich
wi
ll
b
e
th
e
p
lace
to
f
u
lf
ill th
e
o
b
jec
tiv
es o
f
th
is
r
esear
ch
as sh
o
wn
in
Fig
u
r
e
1.
Fig
u
r
e
1
.
Ku
p
an
g
R
eg
en
cy
in
Nu
s
a
T
en
g
g
ar
a
T
im
u
r
Pro
v
in
c
e
Oelp
u
ah
Villag
e
is
lo
ca
ted
in
E
ast
Nu
s
a
T
en
g
g
a
r
a
Pro
v
i
n
c
e
an
d
is
in
th
e
Ku
p
an
g
R
eg
en
cy
[
1
6
]
,
[
1
7
]
.
T
h
e
ar
ea
is
d
iv
id
ed
in
t
o
3
p
ar
ts
with
th
e
m
ain
p
ar
t
b
ein
g
in
th
e
ea
s
ter
n
m
o
s
t
p
ar
t.
B
ased
o
n
d
ata
f
r
o
m
Du
k
ca
p
il,
th
e
v
illag
e
h
as
1
,
6
2
8
r
esid
en
ts
with
3
6
9
f
am
ilies
.
Data
f
r
o
m
th
e
Min
is
tr
y
o
f
E
d
u
ca
tio
n
an
d
C
u
ltu
r
e
s
h
o
ws th
at
th
e
ar
ea
o
f
Olp
u
ah
Villag
e
r
ea
ch
es 3
6
0
,
0
0
0
m
2
.
I
n
a
d
d
itio
n
to
m
ee
tin
g
elec
tr
i
city
n
ee
d
s
,
Oelp
u
ah
v
illag
e
i
ts
elf
h
as
ex
ce
llen
t
p
o
ten
tial
[
1
3
]
to
b
e
p
lace
d
in
a
s
o
lar
f
ar
m
b
ec
au
s
e
b
ased
o
n
d
ata
f
r
o
m
th
e
Glo
b
al
So
lar
Atlas,
Oelp
u
ah
v
illag
e
an
d
E
ast
Nu
s
a
T
en
g
g
ar
a
Pro
v
in
ce
as
a
wh
o
le
d
o
h
av
e
h
ig
h
s
o
lar
r
ad
iatio
n
p
o
ten
tial
wh
en
co
m
p
ar
e
d
to
o
th
er
p
r
o
v
in
ce
s
in
I
n
d
o
n
esia.
B
ased
o
n
th
e
Glo
b
al
So
lar
Atla
s
,
th
e
d
ir
ec
t
n
o
r
m
al
ir
r
ad
iatio
n
(
DNI
)
v
alu
es
o
f
Oelp
u
ah
v
illag
e
ar
e
2
,
0
4
5
k
W
h
/m
2
h
ig
h
er
t
h
an
J
ak
ar
ta
wh
ich
h
as
9
1
7
k
W
h
/m
2
.
Dir
ec
t
n
o
r
m
al
ir
r
ad
ia
n
ce
(
DN
I
)
r
e
f
er
s
to
th
e
s
o
lar
en
er
g
y
r
ec
eiv
e
d
p
er
u
n
it
ar
ea
b
y
a
s
u
r
f
ac
e
th
at
is
o
r
ien
ted
p
er
p
en
d
ic
u
lar
to
th
e
d
ir
ec
tio
n
o
f
th
e
s
u
n
lig
h
t,
co
v
er
in
g
th
e
en
tire
s
o
lar
s
p
ec
t
r
u
m
[
1
8
]
,
[
1
9
]
.
I
n
ter
m
s
o
f
air
tem
p
er
atu
r
e,
th
e
tem
p
e
r
atu
r
e
o
f
Oelp
u
ah
Villag
e
is
also
s
t
ill
in
th
e
ca
teg
o
r
y
s
u
itab
le
f
o
r
a
s
o
lar
f
ar
m
,
wh
i
ch
is
2
6
.
6
o
C
.
T
h
is
s
h
o
ws
th
at
s
o
lar
en
er
g
y
is
a
s
u
itab
le
en
er
g
y
s
o
u
r
ce
t
o
b
e
u
t
ilized
as
a
s
o
u
r
ce
o
f
elec
tr
icity
in
t
h
is
v
illag
e
c
o
m
p
ar
e
d
t
o
o
th
er
e
n
er
g
y
s
o
u
r
ce
s
s
u
ch
as wa
ter
an
d
win
d
.
Sev
er
al
r
esear
ch
wa
s
co
n
d
u
cted
b
y
s
o
m
e
r
esear
ch
es
in
s
ev
er
al
lo
ca
tio
n
s
.
Oh
an
u
et
a
l.
p
r
o
p
o
s
es
a
h
ig
h
-
p
r
ec
is
io
n
s
o
lar
r
ad
iatio
n
esti
m
atio
n
m
o
d
el
in
Nig
er
ia.
T
h
e
m
o
d
el
o
u
t
p
er
f
o
r
m
s
8
co
n
v
en
tio
n
al
m
o
d
els
an
d
PVSy
s
t
,
ac
h
iev
in
g
a
n
esti
m
atio
n
p
r
ec
is
io
n
o
f
9
4
.
7
0
%
to
9
7
.
1
9
%,
co
m
p
ar
ed
t
o
8
7
.
5
3
%
to
9
6
.
7
4
%
f
o
r
co
n
v
en
tio
n
al
m
o
d
els
an
d
9
0
.
3
8
%
to
9
5
.
9
6
%
f
o
r
PVSy
s
t
[
2
0
]
.
Dello
s
a
et
a
l.
ex
am
in
e
d
th
e
tech
n
ical
a
n
d
ec
o
n
o
m
ic
f
ea
s
ib
ilit
y
o
f
a
5
MWp
s
o
lar
p
h
o
to
v
o
ltaic
(
PV)
f
ar
m
in
B
u
tu
an
C
ity
,
Ph
ilip
p
in
es,
u
s
in
g
P
VSy
s
t
s
o
f
twar
e
f
o
r
s
im
u
latio
n
s
.
T
h
is
p
r
o
ject,
with
an
i
n
v
estme
n
t
o
f
ap
p
r
o
x
im
ately
3
0
0
m
illi
o
n
p
eso
s
(
USD
6
.
2
5
m
illi
o
n
)
,
s
h
o
ws
a
p
r
o
m
is
in
g
p
ay
b
ac
k
p
e
r
io
d
o
f
4
.
2
3
y
ea
r
s
an
d
an
R
OI
o
f
5
0
6
.
2
%.
Ad
d
itio
n
ally
,
th
e
PV
f
ar
m
is
ex
p
ec
ted
to
a
v
o
id
1
0
9
,
8
2
8
.
4
to
n
s
o
f
C
O
2
e
m
is
s
io
n
s
o
v
er
its
o
p
er
atio
n
al
life
tim
e,
s
u
p
p
o
r
tin
g
th
e
r
ec
o
m
m
en
d
atio
n
f
o
r
th
e
p
r
o
ject’
s
im
p
lem
e
n
tatio
n
[
2
1
]
.
Fo
r
r
o
o
f
to
p
PV
s
y
s
tem
,
Nu
r
i
C
ag
lay
an
'
s
s
tu
d
y
ev
alu
ates
a
2
1
6
k
W
p
r
o
o
f
to
p
PV
s
y
s
tem
th
at
g
en
er
ates
3
2
6
,
8
1
9
k
W
h
/y
ea
r
,
with
a
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
r
atio
o
f
0
.
8
0
8
,
an
NPV
o
f
$
3
6
,
4
6
3
.
3
9
,
a
n
d
a
n
L
C
OE
o
f
$
0
.
0
6
5
/k
W
h
.
T
h
e
s
y
s
tem
is
p
r
o
jecte
d
to
p
r
ev
e
n
t
1
2
7
.
4
1
9
t
o
n
s
o
f
CO
2
em
is
s
io
n
s
an
n
u
ally
,
wit
h
an
an
n
u
al
elec
tr
icity
g
en
er
atio
n
o
f
3
1
5
,
1
5
2
k
W
h
[
2
2
]
.
I
n
f
lo
atin
g
PV
ca
s
e,
Srin
iv
asan
et
a
l.
[
2
3
]
an
d
Mia
h
et
a
l.
[
2
4
]
a
n
aly
ze
d
th
e
te
ch
n
ical
an
d
ec
o
n
o
m
ic
f
ea
s
ib
il
ity
o
f
f
lo
atin
g
s
o
lar
PV.
T
h
at
PV
p
lan
ts
also
h
av
e
th
e
p
o
ten
tial
to
r
ed
u
ce
C
O₂
em
is
s
io
n
s
.
A
s
tu
d
y
b
y
Fah
m
y
et
a
l.
f
i
n
d
s
th
at
a
r
o
o
f
to
p
p
h
o
t
o
v
o
ltaic
s
y
s
tem
o
n
B
u
ild
in
g
C
(
New
Me
d
ia
T
o
wer
)
at
Un
iv
er
s
itas
Mu
ltime
d
i
a
Nu
s
an
tar
a
is
b
o
th
tech
n
ically
an
d
f
in
a
n
cially
f
e
asib
le,
with
an
an
n
u
al
en
er
g
y
p
r
o
d
u
cti
o
n
o
f
2
0
2
MWh
,
a
p
ay
b
ac
k
p
er
io
d
o
f
8
.
2
y
ea
r
s
,
a
n
d
an
R
OI
o
f
1
1
5
.
8
%.
T
h
is
h
ig
h
lig
h
ts
th
e
r
o
o
f
to
p
s
y
s
tem
'
s
s
u
p
er
io
r
ity
o
v
er
th
e
p
ar
k
i
n
g
ar
ea
s
y
s
tem
an
d
its
p
o
ten
tial to
s
u
p
p
o
r
t su
s
tain
ab
le
en
er
g
y
in
itiati
v
es in
ac
ad
em
ic
in
s
titu
tio
n
s
[
2
5
]
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
t J E
lec
&
C
o
m
p
E
n
g
I
SS
N:
2088
-
8
7
0
8
Tech
n
o
-
ec
o
n
o
mic
a
n
a
lysi
s
o
f
a
4
MW
s
o
la
r
p
h
o
to
v
o
lta
ic
…
(
A
g
ie
Ma
liki A
kb
a
r
)
4135
T
h
e
n
o
v
elty
o
f
th
is
r
esear
ch
in
clu
d
es
th
e
p
r
ed
ictio
n
th
at
Oelp
u
ah
v
illag
e
r
eq
u
ir
es
an
ad
d
itio
n
al
4
MW
f
r
o
m
a
s
o
lar
p
h
o
to
v
o
l
taic
(
PV)
p
lan
t
to
im
p
r
o
v
e
th
e
elec
tr
if
icatio
n
r
atio
,
as
th
e
ex
is
tin
g
5
MW
P
V
p
lan
t
is
in
s
u
f
f
icien
t.
T
h
e
s
tu
d
y
h
ig
h
lig
h
ts
th
e
h
ig
h
s
o
lar
en
er
g
y
p
o
ten
tial
in
Oelp
u
ah
v
illag
e,
with
a
d
ir
ec
t
n
o
r
m
al
ir
r
ad
ian
ce
(
DNI
)
o
f
1
,
1
2
8
k
W
h
/m
²
an
d
f
av
o
r
ab
le
air
tem
p
er
atu
r
e,
m
ak
in
g
it
an
id
e
al
lo
ca
tio
n
f
o
r
a
PV
p
lan
t.
Ad
d
itio
n
ally
,
th
e
r
esear
ch
in
cl
u
d
es
a
co
m
p
r
eh
e
n
s
iv
e
tech
n
ical
an
d
ec
o
n
o
m
ic
f
ea
s
ib
ilit
y
an
aly
s
is
,
in
clu
d
in
g
t
h
e
m
o
d
elin
g
o
f
e
q
u
ip
m
en
t
s
u
ch
as
th
e
ty
p
e
an
d
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
s
o
lar
p
an
els,
in
v
er
ter
s
,
as
well
as
co
n
s
id
er
atio
n
s
f
o
r
d
is
aster
r
is
k
s
an
d
lan
d
u
s
e.
2.
F
E
ASI
B
I
L
I
T
Y
S
T
UD
I
E
S D
AT
A
T
h
e
m
eth
o
d
o
lo
g
y
in
cl
u
d
es
s
ev
er
al
s
tep
s
.
T
h
e
f
ir
s
t
s
tep
in
d
eter
m
in
in
g
th
e
m
o
s
t
p
o
ten
tial
s
ite
f
o
r
th
e
s
o
lar
f
ar
m
is
to
g
ath
er
an
d
an
a
ly
ze
cr
u
cial
d
ata
s
p
ec
if
ic
to
O
elp
u
ah
v
illag
e.
T
h
is
in
clu
d
es
s
o
lar
r
ad
iatio
n
d
ata,
f
o
r
est f
ir
e
r
is
k
d
ata,
f
lo
o
d
r
is
k
d
ata,
lan
d
s
lid
e
r
is
k
d
ata,
an
d
e
ar
th
q
u
ak
e
r
is
k
d
ata.
E
ac
h
o
f
th
ese
asp
ec
ts
wi
ll b
e
s
y
s
tem
atica
lly
ex
p
lain
ed
to
p
r
o
v
id
e
a
clea
r
u
n
d
er
s
tan
d
in
g
o
f
th
e
o
p
tim
al
s
ite
lo
ca
tio
n
.
T
h
i
s
an
aly
s
is
will
h
elp
en
s
u
r
e
th
at
th
e
ch
o
s
en
lo
ca
tio
n
n
o
t
o
n
ly
h
as
h
ig
h
s
o
lar
r
ad
i
atio
n
p
o
ten
tial
b
u
t
also
m
in
i
m
al
n
atu
r
al
d
is
aster
r
is
k
s
,
th
er
eb
y
en
s
u
r
in
g
th
e
ef
f
i
cien
cy
an
d
s
af
ety
o
f
t
h
e
s
o
lar
f
ar
m
'
s
f
u
tu
r
e
o
p
er
atio
n
s
.
2
.
1
.
So
la
r
ra
dia
t
io
n da
t
a
Data
f
r
o
m
th
e
Glo
b
al
So
la
r
A
tlas
s
h
o
ws
v
ar
iatio
n
s
in
s
o
lar
r
ad
iatio
n
t
h
r
o
u
g
h
o
u
t
th
e
y
ea
r
,
wh
ich
ca
n
h
elp
in
an
aly
zi
n
g
th
e
s
o
lar
en
er
g
y
p
o
ten
tial
o
f
Oelp
u
ah
v
ill
ag
e.
B
ased
o
n
Fig
u
r
e
2
,
in
J
u
n
e,
th
e
r
e
d
-
co
lo
r
ed
ar
ea
s
o
n
th
e
r
a
d
iatio
n
m
a
p
i
n
d
icate
th
e
p
o
in
ts
with
th
e
h
ig
h
est
r
ad
iatio
n
in
ten
s
ity
.
T
h
is
m
ak
es
it
a
v
er
y
p
o
ten
tial m
o
n
t
h
f
o
r
s
o
lar
en
er
g
y
p
r
o
d
u
ctio
n
.
Fig
u
r
e
2
.
Hig
h
s
o
lar
r
ad
iatio
n
Ma
p
in
Oelp
u
ah
v
illag
e
in
J
u
n
e
2
.
2
.
F
o
re
s
t
f
ire
risk
da
t
a
T
h
e
s
ec
o
n
d
m
o
s
t
n
ec
ess
ar
y
asp
ec
t
in
d
eter
m
in
in
g
th
e
id
ea
l
s
ite
f
o
r
a
s
o
lar
f
ar
m
is
th
e
p
o
ten
tial
f
o
r
f
o
r
est f
ir
es.
T
h
is
is
b
ec
au
s
e
f
o
r
est f
ir
es c
an
af
f
ec
t th
e
am
b
ie
n
t te
m
p
er
atu
r
e
o
f
th
e
b
u
r
n
ed
a
r
ea
an
d
ca
n
p
r
o
d
u
ce
d
u
s
t
f
r
o
m
b
u
r
n
in
g
leav
es
a
n
d
,
twig
s
,
an
d
w
o
o
d
f
r
o
m
tr
ee
s
.
B
o
th
o
f
th
ese
a
f
f
ec
t
th
e
ef
f
ec
t
iv
en
ess
o
f
th
e
s
o
lar
p
an
els
as
d
u
s
t
co
v
er
in
g
th
e
s
o
lar
p
an
els
ca
n
r
ed
u
ce
t
h
e
ef
f
ec
tiv
en
ess
o
f
th
e
s
o
lar
p
an
el
s
as
s
o
lar
r
ad
iatio
n
ca
n
n
o
t
b
e
f
u
lly
r
ec
ei
v
ed
.
On
t
h
e
o
th
er
h
an
d
,
th
e
r
is
in
g
tem
p
er
atu
r
es
f
r
o
m
f
o
r
est
f
ir
es
ar
e
also
v
er
y
in
f
lu
en
tial
b
ec
au
s
e
s
o
lar
p
an
els
ca
n
o
n
ly
wo
r
k
ef
f
ec
tiv
el
y
at
tem
p
er
atu
r
es
th
at
h
av
e
b
ee
n
d
eter
m
in
e
d
b
y
th
e
s
o
lar
p
a
n
el
p
r
o
d
u
ct
ch
o
s
en
.
An
d
o
f
c
o
u
r
s
e,
if
th
e
f
o
r
est
f
ir
e
s
p
r
ea
d
s
to
th
e
s
o
lar
f
ar
m
s
ite,
it
will
d
a
m
ag
e
th
e
s
o
lar
p
an
el
co
m
p
o
n
en
ts
th
em
s
elv
es.
Fig
u
r
e
3
is
th
e
r
esu
lted
f
ig
u
r
e
with
Ar
cGI
S
s
o
f
twar
e.
T
h
e
f
ig
u
r
e
d
ata
s
h
o
ws
th
at
Oelp
u
ah
v
illag
e
d
o
es
h
av
e
a
h
ig
h
p
o
ten
tial
(
r
e
d
)
f
o
r
f
o
r
est
f
ir
es.
Ho
wev
er
,
b
ased
o
n
th
is
d
ata
f
r
o
m
t
h
e
B
PB
D
o
f
E
ast
Nu
s
a
T
en
g
g
ar
a
Pro
v
in
ce
,
th
er
e
a
r
e
s
till
ar
ea
s
th
at
ar
e
s
till
in
th
e
m
ed
iu
m
ca
teg
o
r
y
(
y
ello
w)
.
E
f
f
o
r
ts
s
u
ch
as
h
av
i
n
g
lan
d
th
at
d
o
es n
o
t h
a
v
e
s
o
m
u
ch
v
eg
etatio
n
ar
e
also
a
co
n
s
id
er
atio
n
to
m
in
im
ize
s
o
lar
f
a
r
m
f
ir
es.
2
.
3
.
F
lo
o
d r
is
k
da
t
a
Flo
o
d
in
g
is
th
e
s
ec
o
n
d
asp
ec
t
to
b
e
c
o
n
s
id
er
ed
b
ec
au
s
e
b
ase
d
o
n
th
e
s
tu
d
y
co
n
d
u
cted
b
y
t
h
e
au
th
o
r
,
n
o
n
ews
was
f
o
u
n
d
d
is
cu
s
s
in
g
lan
d
s
lid
es
a
n
d
ea
r
th
q
u
ak
es
i
n
th
is
v
illag
e.
Fig
u
r
e
4
is
a
m
ap
o
f
f
l
o
o
d
d
is
aster
r
is
k
in
Oelp
u
ah
v
illag
e
ac
co
r
d
in
g
to
th
e
B
PB
D
o
f
E
ast Nu
s
a
T
en
g
g
ar
a
Pr
o
v
in
ce
.
T
h
is
f
ig
u
r
e
is
p
r
o
ce
s
s
ed
with
Ar
cGI
S
s
o
f
twar
e.
T
h
e
d
ata
s
h
o
ws
th
at,
o
n
t
h
e
wh
o
le
,
Oel
p
u
ah
v
illag
e
h
as
m
in
im
al
p
o
t
en
tial
f
o
r
f
lo
o
d
in
g
.
Ho
wev
er
,
th
er
e
is
a
s
m
all
p
a
r
t
o
f
th
e
v
illag
e,
n
am
ely
t
h
e
ea
s
ter
n
p
ar
t
(
r
e
d
)
th
at
h
as
a
h
ig
h
p
o
ten
tial
f
o
r
f
lo
o
d
in
g
.
Nev
er
th
eless
,
th
e
ar
ea
s
o
f
th
e
v
illag
e
th
at
ar
e
n
o
t
at
r
is
k
o
f
f
lo
o
d
in
g
ar
e
s
till
v
er
y
lar
g
e
an
d
n
o
t
a
m
ajo
r
p
r
o
b
lem
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
0
8
8
-
8
7
0
8
I
n
t J E
lec
&
C
o
m
p
E
n
g
,
Vo
l.
15
,
No
.
4
,
Au
g
u
s
t
20
25
:
4
1
3
3
-
4147
4136
Fig
u
r
e
3
.
Fo
r
est
f
ir
e
r
is
k
Ma
p
of
Oelp
u
ah
v
illag
e
(
s
o
u
r
ce
: E
ast Nu
s
a
T
en
g
g
a
r
a
Pro
v
in
ce
Dis
aster
Mitig
atio
n
Ag
en
cy
)
Fig
u
r
e
4
.
Flo
o
d
r
is
k
Ma
p
o
f
O
elp
u
ah
v
illag
e
(
s
o
u
r
ce
: E
ast Nu
s
a
T
en
g
g
a
r
a
Pro
v
in
ce
Dis
aster
Mitig
atio
n
Ag
en
cy
)
2
.
4
.
Da
t
a
c
o
llect
ing
T
h
e
n
e
x
t
d
is
aster
o
f
co
n
ce
r
n
i
s
lan
d
s
lid
es.
L
an
d
s
lid
es
ar
e
p
o
s
itio
n
ed
in
th
e
3
rd
m
o
s
t
im
p
o
r
t
an
t
asp
ec
t
b
ec
au
s
e
Oelp
u
ah
v
illag
e
d
o
es
n
o
t
o
f
ten
ex
p
e
r
ien
ce
lan
d
s
lid
es,
an
d
th
e
r
e
is
n
o
n
ews
r
elate
d
to
la
n
d
s
lid
es
in
th
is
v
illag
e.
T
h
u
s
,
lan
d
s
lid
es
ar
e
n
o
t
a
to
p
p
r
io
r
ity
f
o
r
th
e
au
th
o
r
in
d
eter
m
in
in
g
th
e
id
ea
l
s
ite
p
o
s
itio
n
.
Fig
u
r
e
5
is
a
m
ap
o
f
th
e
r
is
k
o
f
lan
d
s
lid
es
in
Oelp
u
ah
v
illa
g
e
ac
co
r
d
in
g
to
th
e
B
PB
D
o
f
E
ast
Nu
s
a
T
en
g
g
ar
a
Pro
v
in
ce
.
T
h
is
lan
d
s
lid
e
r
is
k
m
ap
in
Fig
u
r
e
5
is
p
r
o
ce
s
s
ed
b
y
u
s
in
g
Ar
cGI
S so
f
twar
e.
Fig
u
r
e
5
.
L
a
n
d
s
lid
e
r
is
k
Ma
p
o
f
Oelp
u
ah
v
illag
e
(
s
o
u
r
ce
: E
ast Nu
s
a
T
en
g
g
a
r
a
Pro
v
in
ce
Dis
aster
Mitig
atio
n
Ag
en
cy
)
T
h
e
d
ata
s
u
p
p
o
r
ts
th
e
p
r
e
v
io
u
s
s
tatem
en
t
th
at
Oelp
u
ah
v
illag
e
is
n
o
t
at
r
is
k
o
f
lan
d
s
lid
es.
I
t
ca
n
b
e
s
aid
th
at
h
alf
o
f
Oelp
u
ah
v
illag
e
is
n
o
t a
t r
is
k
o
f
lan
d
s
lid
es
a
n
d
th
e
o
th
er
h
alf
is
at
m
o
d
er
ate
r
is
k
o
f
lan
d
s
lid
es.
T
h
er
e
ar
e
n
o
ar
ea
s
in
th
e
v
illag
e
th
at
ar
e
at
h
ig
h
r
is
k
.
T
h
u
s
,
th
e
v
illag
e
ca
n
b
e
s
aid
to
b
e
s
till
s
af
e
f
r
o
m
th
e
th
r
ea
t o
f
lan
d
s
lid
es.
2
.
5
.
E
a
rt
hq
ua
k
e
risk
da
t
a
T
h
e
last
d
is
aster
asp
ec
t
th
at
n
ee
d
s
to
b
e
co
n
s
id
er
ed
i
n
d
eter
m
in
in
g
th
e
p
o
s
itio
n
o
f
th
e
s
o
l
ar
f
ar
m
is
ea
r
th
q
u
ak
e
d
is
aster
.
T
h
is
asp
ec
t is p
o
s
itio
n
ed
in
th
e
last
asp
ec
t b
ec
au
s
e
ea
r
th
q
u
a
k
es ten
d
to
h
av
e
an
im
p
ac
t o
n
a
lar
g
e
ar
ea
.
T
h
u
s
,
it
ca
n
b
e
s
aid
th
at
al
l
ar
ea
s
in
Oelp
u
ah
v
illag
e
will
r
ec
eiv
e
an
eq
u
ally
lar
g
e
im
p
ac
t
in
th
e
ev
en
t o
f
an
ea
r
th
q
u
ak
e.
Fig
u
r
e
6
is
an
ea
r
th
q
u
a
k
e
d
is
aster
r
is
k
m
ap
in
Oelp
u
a
h
v
illag
e
ac
co
r
d
in
g
to
th
e
B
PB
D
o
f
E
ast Nu
s
a
T
en
g
g
a
r
a
Pro
v
i
n
ce
th
at
p
r
o
ce
s
s
ed
b
y
Ar
cGI
S so
f
twar
e.
T
h
e
d
ata
s
h
o
ws
th
at
Oelp
u
ah
v
illag
e
d
o
es
h
av
e
a
m
e
d
iu
m
-
h
ig
h
p
o
te
n
tial
to
b
e
af
f
ec
ted
b
y
ea
r
th
q
u
ak
es,
b
u
t
th
is
p
r
o
b
lem
ca
n
b
e
ju
s
tifie
d
b
y
th
e
lo
w
p
o
ten
tial
f
o
r
d
a
m
ag
e
f
r
o
m
th
e
s
o
lar
f
ar
m
as
th
e
s
tr
u
ctu
r
es u
s
ed
ar
e
lo
w
-
g
r
ad
e
an
d
th
e
lik
elih
o
o
d
o
f
d
a
m
ag
e
i
s
lo
w.
T
h
e
b
u
ild
in
g
s
in
th
e
v
illag
e
also
ten
d
to
b
e
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
t J E
lec
&
C
o
m
p
E
n
g
I
SS
N:
2088
-
8
7
0
8
Tech
n
o
-
ec
o
n
o
mic
a
n
a
lysi
s
o
f
a
4
MW
s
o
la
r
p
h
o
to
v
o
lta
ic
…
(
A
g
ie
Ma
liki A
kb
a
r
)
4137
lo
w
-
r
is
e,
s
o
th
e
p
o
ten
tial
f
o
r
c
o
llap
s
in
g
b
u
ild
in
g
s
is
lo
w.
T
h
u
s
,
th
e
r
is
k
o
f
ea
r
th
q
u
a
k
es
ca
n
b
e
ex
clu
d
e
d
f
r
o
m
th
e
f
ea
s
ib
ilit
y
s
tu
d
ies,
b
u
t
ca
n
b
e
r
esp
o
n
d
ed
to
b
y
s
elec
tin
g
a
s
ite
awa
y
f
r
o
m
b
u
ild
in
g
s
a
n
d
h
ig
h
v
e
g
etat
io
n
b
ec
au
s
e
m
o
s
t o
f
th
e
v
illag
e
is
p
o
ten
tially
af
f
ec
ted
b
y
ea
r
th
q
u
ak
es.
Fig
u
r
e
6
.
E
a
r
th
q
u
a
k
e
r
is
k
Ma
p
in
Oelp
u
ah
v
illag
e
(
s
o
u
r
ce
: E
ast Nu
s
a
T
en
g
g
a
r
a
Pro
v
in
ce
Dis
aster
Mitig
atio
n
Ag
en
cy
)
3.
AREA
E
L
I
M
I
NA
T
I
O
N
AN
D
SI
T
E
S
E
L
E
C
T
I
O
N
Af
ter
o
b
tain
in
g
s
p
ec
if
ic
in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
o
n
s
o
lar
r
a
d
iatio
n
a
n
d
p
o
ten
tial
d
is
aster
r
is
k
s
in
Oelp
u
ah
v
illag
e,
will
b
e
d
ec
id
e
th
e
s
ite
ar
ea
elim
in
atio
n
an
d
s
elec
tio
n
.
T
h
is
s
ec
tio
n
will
d
is
cu
s
s
h
o
w
th
e
a
u
th
o
r
s
d
eter
m
in
ed
th
e
o
p
tim
al
s
ite
b
y
lay
er
in
g
th
e
af
o
r
e
m
en
tio
n
e
d
d
ata.
T
h
is
s
ec
tio
n
will
ex
p
lain
th
e
p
r
o
ce
s
s
es
o
f
ar
ea
elim
in
atio
n
an
d
s
ite
s
elec
tio
n
.
3
.
1
.
Are
a
e
li
m
ina
t
io
n
T
h
e
f
in
al
s
ite
s
elec
tio
n
f
o
r
th
e
s
o
lar
p
o
wer
p
lan
t
co
n
s
tr
u
ctio
n
was
b
ased
o
n
t
h
e
in
teg
r
atio
n
o
f
s
ev
er
al
d
ata,
n
am
el
y
ar
ea
s
with
h
ig
h
s
o
lar
r
a
d
iatio
n
,
lo
w
r
is
k
o
f
f
o
r
e
s
t
f
ir
es,
an
d
n
o
r
is
k
o
f
f
lo
o
d
in
g
.
Oelp
u
a
h
v
illag
e
d
id
n
o
t
co
n
s
id
er
lan
d
s
lid
e
r
is
k
as
it
is
class
if
ied
as
v
er
y
lo
w,
wh
ile
ea
r
th
q
u
ak
e
r
is
k
was
also
ig
n
o
r
e
d
as
th
e
im
p
ac
t
is
ev
en
ly
d
is
tr
ib
u
ted
ac
r
o
s
s
th
e
ar
ea
an
d
th
e
lo
w
s
tr
u
ctu
r
e
o
f
th
e
s
o
lar
p
o
we
r
p
lan
t
r
ed
u
ce
s
th
e
p
o
ten
tial
d
a
m
ag
e.
T
h
e
f
in
al
r
esu
lts
o
f
th
e
s
ite
s
elec
tio
n
ar
e
s
h
o
wn
in
Fig
u
r
e
7
,
with
p
o
t
en
tial
ar
ea
s
m
ar
k
ed
with
n
u
m
b
er
s
1
,
2
a
n
d
3
as th
e
m
o
s
t su
itab
le
lo
ca
tio
n
s
f
o
r
s
o
l
ar
p
o
wer
p
lan
t c
o
n
s
tr
u
ctio
n
.
Fig
u
r
e
7
.
Fin
al
p
o
ten
tial a
r
ea
s
f
o
r
s
o
lar
f
a
r
m
with
n
u
m
b
er
s
3
.
2
.
Site
s
elec
t
io
n
T
h
er
e
ar
e
th
r
ee
p
o
ten
tial
s
ite
ar
ea
s
.
Ho
wev
er
,
th
e
o
n
e
o
f
th
e
s
ites
(
s
ites
n
u
m
b
er
1
)
is
elim
in
ated
b
ec
au
s
e
it
is
th
e
lo
ca
tio
n
c
o
in
cid
e
with
e
x
is
tin
g
5
MW
s
o
la
r
f
ar
m
o
wn
ed
b
y
Oelp
u
a
h
v
illag
e.
T
h
er
ef
o
r
e,
t
h
e
r
em
ain
in
g
s
ites
ar
e
o
n
l
y
two
,
wh
ich
is
s
ite
2
an
d
3
as sh
o
wn
in
Fig
u
r
es
8
an
d
9
.
T
h
e
f
ir
s
t
p
o
ten
tial
a
r
ea
f
o
r
th
e
ad
d
itio
n
al
s
o
lar
f
ar
m
is
s
h
o
w
n
o
n
Fig
u
r
e
8
.
T
h
e
r
ed
-
m
a
r
k
e
d
ar
ea
s
a
r
e
th
o
s
e
elim
in
ated
b
ec
au
s
e
th
e
a
r
ea
s
n
o
t
o
u
tlin
ed
in
r
e
d
ar
e
s
till
u
s
ed
as
r
esid
en
tial
lan
d
(
in
d
icate
d
b
y
r
ed
d
o
ts
)
.
T
h
e
ar
ea
o
u
tlin
e
d
in
r
e
d
is
th
e
f
in
al
u
s
ab
le
ar
ea
s
in
ce
it
is
n
o
t
u
s
ed
f
o
r
h
o
u
s
in
g
a
n
d
is
ad
jace
n
t
to
a
r
o
ad
,
wh
ich
is
n
ec
ess
ar
y
f
o
r
elec
tr
ic
ity
d
is
tr
ib
u
tio
n
as
th
e
s
o
lar
f
ar
m
is
o
n
-
g
r
id
.
T
h
is
s
ite
is
also
q
u
ite
lar
g
e,
with
an
ar
ea
o
f
3
4
,
2
7
9
m
²
.
T
h
e
s
elec
ted
ar
ea
co
n
s
is
ts
o
f
s
p
ar
s
e
v
eg
et
atio
n
an
d
is
cu
r
r
en
tly
u
n
u
s
ed
,
m
ak
in
g
it
s
u
itab
le
f
o
r
a
s
o
lar
f
ar
m
as
it
d
o
es
n
o
t
in
ter
f
er
e
with
ex
is
tin
g
la
n
d
u
s
e,
r
eq
u
ir
es
m
in
im
al
tr
ee
c
u
ttin
g
,
a
n
d
h
as
a
lo
w
r
is
k
o
f
f
o
r
est f
ir
es d
u
e
to
th
e
l
ac
k
o
f
d
en
s
e
s
u
r
r
o
u
n
d
i
n
g
v
e
g
e
tatio
n
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
0
8
8
-
8
7
0
8
I
n
t J E
lec
&
C
o
m
p
E
n
g
,
Vo
l.
15
,
No
.
4
,
Au
g
u
s
t
20
25
:
4
1
3
3
-
4147
4138
Fig
u
r
e
8
.
Po
ten
tial z
o
n
e
1
f
o
r
ad
d
itio
n
al
s
o
lar
f
a
r
m
I
n
Fig
u
r
e
9
,
th
e
r
ed
-
m
ar
k
ed
ar
ea
is
with
o
u
t
ad
d
itio
n
al
eli
m
in
atio
n
s
as
th
er
e
ar
e
n
o
r
esid
en
ce
s
o
r
b
u
ild
in
g
s
with
in
it.
T
h
is
ar
ea
is
also
n
o
t
f
ar
f
r
o
m
th
e
ex
is
tin
g
5
MW
Oelp
u
a
h
s
o
lar
f
ar
m
an
d
is
r
elativ
ely
clo
s
e
to
th
e
r
o
a
d
.
Alth
o
u
g
h
th
er
e
m
ay
b
e
ad
d
itio
n
al
ca
b
le
lo
s
s
,
it
is
n
o
t
s
ig
n
if
ican
t.
C
o
m
p
ar
ed
to
s
ite
n
u
m
b
e
r
2
,
th
is
ar
ea
is
s
lig
h
tly
lar
g
er
,
with
an
ar
ea
o
f
3
7
,
6
8
1
m
².
H
o
wev
er
,
th
is
s
ite
is
less
s
u
itab
le
f
o
r
a
s
o
lar
f
ar
m
as
it
is
ag
r
icu
ltu
r
al
lan
d
with
d
e
n
s
e
s
u
r
r
o
u
n
d
i
n
g
v
eg
etatio
n
.
T
h
is
s
ite
wo
u
ld
r
eq
u
ir
e
r
ep
u
r
p
o
s
in
g
ex
is
tin
g
lan
d
u
s
e
an
d
h
as
a
h
ig
h
er
p
o
te
n
tial
f
o
r
f
o
r
est
f
ir
es
d
u
e
to
th
e
d
e
n
s
e
tr
ee
s
n
ea
r
b
y
.
A
s
u
m
m
ar
y
o
f
th
e
cr
iter
ia
an
d
s
elec
tio
n
o
f
p
o
ten
tial
zo
n
es
is
s
h
o
wn
in
th
e
ta
b
le
b
elo
w
.
T
h
en
,
T
ab
le
1
i
n
d
icate
s
th
at
th
e
m
o
s
t
id
ea
l
s
ite
f
o
r
th
e
s
o
lar
f
ar
m
i
s
s
ite
n
u
m
b
er
2
.
Fig
u
r
e
9
.
Po
ten
tial
zo
n
e
2
f
o
r
ad
d
itio
n
al
s
o
lar
f
a
r
m
T
ab
le
1
.
Su
m
m
a
r
izes th
e
s
ite
s
elec
tio
n
f
o
r
t
h
e
s
o
lar
f
ar
m
S
i
t
e
N
u
m.
A
sp
e
c
t
s
o
f
c
o
n
si
d
e
r
a
t
i
o
n
R
i
s
k
o
f
f
o
r
e
st
f
i
r
e
Ex
i
s
t
i
n
g
f
u
n
c
t
i
o
n
A
r
e
a
d
i
st
a
n
c
e
t
o
r
o
a
d
1
El
i
m
i
n
a
t
e
d
El
i
m
i
n
a
t
e
d
El
i
m
i
n
a
t
e
d
2
Lo
w
(
m
i
n
i
mu
m
v
e
g
e
t
a
t
i
o
n
a
r
o
u
n
d
si
t
e
a
r
e
a
)
N
o
t
u
se
d
N
e
x
t
t
o
t
h
e
r
o
a
d
3
H
i
g
h
(
d
e
n
se
v
e
g
e
t
a
t
i
o
n
a
r
o
u
n
d
s
i
t
e
a
r
e
a
)
A
g
r
i
c
u
l
t
u
r
e
C
l
o
se
t
o
t
h
e
r
o
a
d
4.
SO
L
AR
F
AR
M
SY
ST
E
M
A
NALYS
I
S
4
.
1
.
F
ind
ing
t
he
idea
l
T
ilt
a
nd
A
zim
uth
B
ased
o
n
d
ata
f
r
o
m
th
e
Glo
b
a
l
So
lar
Atlas,
th
e
o
p
tim
al
tilt
a
n
d
az
im
u
th
th
at
r
ec
eiv
e
th
e
h
ig
h
est
s
o
lar
r
ad
iatio
n
a
r
e
a
1
5
-
d
eg
r
ee
tilt
with
a
0
-
d
eg
r
ee
az
im
u
th
.
T
h
e
0
-
d
eg
r
ee
az
im
u
th
,
m
ea
n
in
g
th
e
s
o
lar
p
an
els
f
ac
e
n
o
r
th
,
is
d
u
e
to
Oelp
u
a
h
v
illag
e'
s
lo
ca
tio
n
s
o
u
th
o
f
th
e
eq
u
a
to
r
,
wh
e
r
e
th
e
s
u
n
p
r
e
d
o
m
in
a
n
tly
s
h
in
es
f
r
o
m
th
e
n
o
r
th
.
I
n
a
d
d
itio
n
t
o
th
e
Glo
b
al
So
lar
Atlas,
th
e
id
ea
l
tilt
was
also
ch
ec
k
ed
u
s
in
g
PVSy
s
t.
T
ab
le
2
s
h
o
ws
th
e
r
esu
lts
,
wh
ich
c
o
n
f
ir
m
th
at
th
e
m
o
s
t
id
ea
l
tilt
a
n
d
a
zim
u
t
h
f
o
r
t
h
e
s
o
lar
p
a
n
els
ar
e
1
5
/1
6
d
e
g
r
ee
s
with
a
0
-
d
eg
r
ee
az
im
u
th
.
4
.
2
.
Sy
s
t
e
m
a
na
ly
s
is
a
nd
s
um
m
a
r
y
As
s
h
o
wn
in
Fig
u
r
e
1
0
,
to
ac
h
iev
e
4
MW
(
s
p
ec
if
ically
4
.
0
2
4
MW),
th
e
s
o
lar
f
ar
m
r
eq
u
i
r
es
1
3
,
5
0
0
u
n
its
o
f
Ser
ap
h
im
3
3
0
W
p
s
o
lar
p
an
els
(
SR
P
-
330
-
E
0
1
B
)
.
I
n
co
m
p
ar
is
o
n
,
th
e
e
x
is
tin
g
O
elp
u
ah
s
o
lar
p
o
wer
p
lan
t
u
s
es
2
2
,
0
0
8
s
o
lar
p
an
e
ls
with
2
3
0
W
p
to
g
en
er
ate
5
MW.
T
h
e
s
y
s
tem
u
tili
ze
s
7
in
v
er
ter
s
with
a
ca
p
ac
ity
o
f
5
0
0
k
W
ac
ea
ch
,
to
talin
g
3
,
5
0
0
k
W
ac
.
T
h
e
tilt
u
s
ed
is
1
5
d
eg
r
ee
s
with
a
0
-
d
e
g
r
ee
az
im
u
th
(
f
ac
in
g
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
t J E
lec
&
C
o
m
p
E
n
g
I
SS
N:
2088
-
8
7
0
8
Tech
n
o
-
ec
o
n
o
mic
a
n
a
lysi
s
o
f
a
4
MW
s
o
la
r
p
h
o
to
v
o
lta
ic
…
(
A
g
ie
Ma
liki A
kb
a
r
)
4139
n
o
r
th
)
.
T
h
e
s
o
lar
f
a
r
m
s
y
s
tem
is
o
n
-
g
r
id
to
m
in
im
ize
co
s
ts
b
y
av
o
id
in
g
th
e
n
ee
d
f
o
r
b
atter
i
es.
T
h
is
allo
ws
f
o
r
a
f
aster
p
ay
b
a
c
k
p
er
i
o
d
,
e
n
ab
li
n
g
th
e
f
u
n
d
s
to
b
e
u
s
ed
f
o
r
d
e
v
elo
p
in
g
o
th
er
s
o
lar
f
ar
m
s
.
T
ab
le
2
.
Fin
d
in
g
th
e
id
ea
l
T
ilt
f
o
r
s
o
lar
p
a
n
el
Ti
l
t
0
D
e
g
r
e
e
A
z
i
mu
t
h
En
e
r
g
y
p
r
o
d
u
c
t
i
o
n
(
k
W
h
/
m
2
/
y
r
)
30
2
2
7
1
25
2
3
0
7
20
2
3
2
8
18
2
3
3
2
16
2
3
3
4
15
2
3
3
4
13
2
3
3
3
11
2
3
2
9
10
2
3
2
6
5
2
3
0
2
0
2
2
6
5
Fig
u
r
e
10
.
PVSy
s
t
s
im
u
latio
n
s
y
s
tem
s
u
m
m
ar
y
Acc
o
r
d
in
g
to
th
e
s
y
s
tem
in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
in
Fig
u
r
e
1
1
,
th
e
to
tal
m
o
d
u
le
a
r
ea
will
co
v
er
2
2
,
9
6
2
m
².
T
h
is
is
s
u
f
f
icien
t
f
o
r
th
e
s
ite,
wh
i
ch
s
p
an
s
3
4
,
2
7
9
m
²,
leav
in
g
1
1
,
3
1
7
m
²
a
v
ailab
le
f
o
r
in
v
er
ter
r
o
o
m
s
,
o
th
er
eq
u
ip
m
en
t,
ci
r
cu
latio
n
ar
ea
s
,
an
d
p
o
te
n
tial
f
u
tu
r
e
e
x
p
an
s
i
o
n
o
f
t
h
e
s
o
lar
f
ar
m
.
T
h
is
s
y
s
tem
ca
n
p
r
o
d
u
ce
7
,
8
5
5
,
6
8
8
k
W
h
/y
ea
r
o
r
1
,
7
6
3
k
W
h
/k
W
p
/y
ea
r
,
as e
s
tim
ated
in
Fig
u
r
e
1
2
.
Fig
u
r
e
11
.
PVSy
s
t
s
im
u
latio
n
PV
ar
r
ay
ch
ar
ac
ter
is
tics
Fig
u
r
e
12
.
PVSy
s
t
s
im
u
latio
n
s
y
s
tem
p
r
o
d
u
ctio
n
s
u
m
m
ar
y
4
.
3
.
E
nerg
y
pro
du
ct
io
n det
a
il
Simu
latio
n
r
esu
lts
in
Fig
u
r
e
1
3
s
h
o
w
m
o
n
th
ly
e
n
er
g
y
p
r
o
d
u
ctio
n
p
er
k
W
p
.
T
h
e
tab
le
in
d
icate
s
th
at
th
e
h
ig
h
est
p
r
o
d
u
ctio
n
o
cc
u
r
s
in
Octo
b
e
r
,
with
en
er
g
y
p
er
s
q
u
ar
e
m
eter
r
ea
ch
in
g
2
2
0
.
6
k
W
h
/m
².
T
h
e
r
esu
lt
p
r
esen
ts
th
e
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
an
aly
s
is
o
f
a
p
h
o
to
v
o
ltaic
s
y
s
tem
,
s
h
o
win
g
a
n
an
n
u
al
e
n
e
r
g
y
p
r
o
d
u
ctio
n
o
f
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
0
8
8
-
8
7
0
8
I
n
t J E
lec
&
C
o
m
p
E
n
g
,
Vo
l.
15
,
No
.
4
,
Au
g
u
s
t
20
25
:
4
1
3
3
-
4147
4140
7
,
8
5
6
,
6
8
8
k
W
h
,
with
a
s
p
ec
if
ic
p
r
o
d
u
ctio
n
o
f
1
,
7
6
3
k
W
h
/k
W
p
/y
ea
r
an
d
a
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
r
atio
o
f
7
6
.
0
7
%.
T
h
e
ec
o
n
o
m
ic
ev
alu
atio
n
in
clu
d
es
an
in
v
estme
n
t
o
f
7
1
.
5
b
illi
o
n
I
DR
,
r
esu
ltin
g
in
a
n
e
n
er
g
y
co
s
t
(
L
C
OE
)
o
f
4
7
4
I
DR
/k
W
h
an
d
a
p
ay
b
ac
k
p
er
i
o
d
o
f
2
.
7
y
ea
r
s
.
T
h
e
g
r
ap
h
s
illu
s
tr
ate
m
o
n
th
ly
en
e
r
g
y
p
r
o
d
u
ctio
n
p
er
in
s
talled
k
W
p
an
d
a
s
tab
le
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
r
atio
th
r
o
u
g
h
o
u
t
th
e
y
ea
r
,
s
u
p
p
o
r
ted
b
y
m
o
n
t
h
ly
d
ata
o
n
g
lo
b
al
ir
r
ad
iatio
n
,
am
b
ien
t te
m
p
e
r
atu
r
e,
an
d
e
n
er
g
y
o
u
tp
u
t.
Fig
u
r
e
13
.
Sy
s
tem
en
er
g
y
p
r
o
d
u
ctio
n
d
etail
4
.
4
.
Sin
g
le
lin
e
dia
g
ra
m
T
h
e
s
in
g
le
-
lin
e
d
iag
r
am
in
Fig
u
r
e
1
4
illu
s
tr
ates
th
e
ele
ctr
ical
co
n
f
ig
u
r
atio
n
o
f
a
PV
s
y
s
tem
,
h
ig
h
lig
h
tin
g
th
e
c
o
n
n
ec
tio
n
f
r
o
m
th
e
s
o
lar
p
an
el
ar
r
ay
s
to
t
h
e
g
r
id
in
jectio
n
p
o
in
t.
E
ac
h
s
tr
in
g
co
n
s
is
ts
o
f
18
s
o
lar
p
an
el
m
o
d
u
les,
an
d
th
e
s
y
s
tem
co
m
p
r
is
es
a
to
tal
o
f
7
5
0
s
tr
in
g
s
d
is
tr
ib
u
ted
ac
r
o
s
s
m
u
ltip
le
in
v
er
ter
s
.
Six
in
v
er
ter
s
,
ea
ch
with
a
ca
p
ac
i
ty
o
f
3
,
0
0
0
k
VA,
h
an
d
le
th
e
m
ajo
r
ity
o
f
th
e
e
n
er
g
y
co
n
v
er
s
io
n
,
wh
ile
an
ad
d
itio
n
al
i
n
v
er
ter
with
a
ca
p
ac
ity
o
f
5
0
0
k
VA
s
u
p
p
o
r
ts
th
e
s
y
s
tem
.
T
h
e
s
h
o
r
t
ca
b
le
d
is
tan
ce
o
f
9
6
.
0
m
eter
s
b
etwe
en
th
e
i
n
v
er
ter
s
a
n
d
th
e
m
ed
iu
m
-
v
o
ltag
e
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
er
m
in
im
izes
en
er
g
y
lo
s
s
es,
f
ac
ilit
ated
b
y
t
h
e
s
ite’
s
clo
s
e
p
r
o
x
i
m
ity
to
th
e
r
o
ad
.
T
h
e
m
ed
i
u
m
-
v
o
ltag
e
tr
a
n
s
f
o
r
m
er
,
r
ated
at
2
0
k
V,
c
o
n
n
ec
ts
th
e
s
y
s
tem
to
th
e
g
r
i
d
at
th
e
in
jectio
n
p
o
in
t,
en
s
u
r
i
n
g
e
f
f
icien
t
e
n
er
g
y
tr
an
s
f
e
r
.
T
h
is
s
etu
p
is
o
p
tim
ized
f
o
r
lar
g
e
-
s
ca
le
en
er
g
y
p
r
o
d
u
ctio
n
wh
ile
m
ain
tain
i
n
g
tech
n
ical
ef
f
icien
cy
a
n
d
r
eliab
ilit
y
.
Fig
u
r
e
14
.
Sy
s
tem
s
in
g
le
lin
e
d
iag
r
am
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
t J E
lec
&
C
o
m
p
E
n
g
I
SS
N:
2088
-
8
7
0
8
Tech
n
o
-
ec
o
n
o
mic
a
n
a
lysi
s
o
f
a
4
MW
s
o
la
r
p
h
o
to
v
o
lta
ic
…
(
A
g
ie
Ma
liki A
kb
a
r
)
4141
4
.
5
.
E
ne
rg
y
l
o
s
s
es
Fig
u
r
e
1
5
o
u
tlin
es
th
e
en
e
r
g
y
lo
s
s
es
in
a
p
h
o
t
o
v
o
ltaic
s
y
s
tem
,
s
tar
tin
g
f
r
o
m
an
in
i
tial
g
lo
b
al
h
o
r
izo
n
tal
ir
r
ad
iatio
n
o
f
2
,
2
6
5
k
W
h
/m
²,
wh
ich
r
ed
u
ce
s
to
2
,
2
0
2
k
W
h
/m
²
o
n
th
e
co
llecto
r
p
lan
e
af
ter
ac
co
u
n
tin
g
f
o
r
a
3
%
s
o
ilin
g
lo
s
s
an
d
I
AM
f
ac
t
o
r
s
.
T
h
e
m
o
s
t
s
ig
n
if
ican
t
lo
s
s
,
1
2
.
6
1
%,
is
ca
u
s
ed
b
y
tem
p
er
atu
r
e
ef
f
ec
ts
o
n
th
e
PV
m
o
d
u
les,
wh
ile
s
m
aller
lo
s
s
e
s
in
clu
d
e
m
o
d
u
le
q
u
ality
(
-
0
.
7
5
%),
lig
h
t
-
in
d
u
ce
d
d
eg
r
ad
atio
n
(
-
0
.
2
0
%),
an
d
m
is
m
atch
es
(
-
0
.
3
4
%).
W
ir
in
g
lo
s
s
es
o
f
1
.
2
1
%
ar
is
e
f
r
o
m
t
h
e
1
0
-
m
ete
r
d
is
tan
ce
b
etwe
en
th
e
in
v
er
ter
an
d
tr
a
n
s
f
o
r
m
er
,
alo
n
g
with
in
v
er
ter
lo
s
s
es
lik
e
o
p
er
atio
n
al
in
ef
f
icien
cies
(
-
2
.
9
0
%).
Af
ter
all
ad
ju
s
tm
en
ts
,
th
e
s
y
s
tem
in
jects
7
,
8
5
6
,
6
8
8
k
W
h
in
to
th
e
g
r
id
,
em
p
h
asizin
g
tem
p
er
atu
r
e
as
th
e
p
r
im
ar
y
f
ac
to
r
af
f
ec
tin
g
e
n
er
g
y
ef
f
i
cien
cy
.
Fig
u
r
e
15
.
E
n
er
g
y
lo
s
s
es d
iag
r
am
4
.
6
.
E
co
no
m
ic
e
v
a
lua
t
i
o
n
Fig
u
r
e
1
6
e
x
p
lain
th
at
in
ter
m
s
o
f
p
r
o
d
u
ctio
n
c
o
s
ts
,
it
tak
es
I
DR
5
,
0
5
9
to
g
en
er
ate
1
W
p
,
an
d
I
DR
4
7
4
to
p
r
o
d
u
ce
1
k
W
h
.
T
h
ese
p
r
o
d
u
ctio
n
co
s
ts
ar
e
co
n
s
id
er
ab
ly
lo
wer
th
an
th
e
s
ellin
g
p
r
ice
o
f
I
DR
3
,
4
5
0
.
T
h
er
ef
o
r
e,
it
ca
n
b
e
co
n
cl
u
d
e
d
th
at
th
e
en
e
r
g
y
s
o
ld
y
ield
s
a
p
r
o
f
it
m
a
r
g
in
o
f
6
2
7
.
8
5
%
o
v
er
its
p
r
o
d
u
ctio
n
co
s
t.
On
th
e
o
th
er
h
an
d
,
th
e
in
v
estme
n
t
co
s
t
is
q
u
ite
h
ig
h
,
at
I
DR
7
1
,
5
4
2
,
3
6
9
,
6
3
6
,
o
r
a
p
p
r
o
x
im
ately
I
DR
7
1
b
illi
o
n
.
Fig
u
r
e
16
.
Ma
in
r
esu
lts
f
o
r
ec
o
n
o
m
ic
e
v
alu
atio
n
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
0
8
8
-
8
7
0
8
I
n
t J E
lec
&
C
o
m
p
E
n
g
,
Vo
l.
15
,
No
.
4
,
Au
g
u
s
t
20
25
:
4
1
3
3
-
4147
4142
T
h
e
7
1
-
b
illi
o
n
-
r
u
p
iah
in
v
estm
en
t
is
ca
lcu
lated
b
ased
o
n
th
e
u
n
it
co
s
ts
in
T
ab
le
3
,
m
u
ltip
lied
b
y
th
e
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
u
n
its
u
s
ed
.
Ou
t
o
f
th
is
I
DR
7
1
b
illi
o
n
,
ass
ets
lik
e
s
o
lar
p
an
els,
s
u
p
p
o
r
t
s
tr
u
c
tu
r
es,
an
d
in
v
er
ter
s
will g
r
ad
u
ally
d
eter
io
r
ate
an
d
n
ee
d
r
ep
lace
m
e
n
t/re
p
air
,
with
a
d
ep
r
ec
iab
le
ass
et
v
alu
e
o
f
I
DR
4
8
,
9
3
1
,
7
7
3
,
6
3
6
,
o
r
4
8
b
illi
o
n
,
ac
co
u
n
tin
g
f
o
r
ap
p
r
o
x
im
ately
6
8
.
4
%
o
f
t
h
e
ass
ets.
Ad
d
itio
n
al
m
ain
ten
an
ce
co
s
ts
ar
e
also
co
n
s
id
er
ed
,
am
o
u
n
tin
g
to
I
D
R
1
,
3
4
6
,
9
4
6
,
8
0
7
,
o
r
1
.
3
b
illi
o
n
an
n
u
ally
,
wh
ich
will
b
e
d
ed
u
cted
f
r
o
m
th
e
r
ev
en
u
e
t
o
ca
lcu
late
th
e
p
ay
b
a
ck
p
er
io
d
.
Acc
o
r
d
in
g
to
th
e
PVSy
s
t
ca
lc
u
latio
n
s
in
Fig
u
r
e
1
7
,
th
e
in
v
e
s
tm
en
t
p
ay
b
ac
k
p
er
io
d
is
2
.
7
y
ea
r
s
.
T
h
is
r
ap
id
p
a
y
b
ac
k
is
d
u
e
to
th
e
lo
w
en
er
g
y
p
r
o
d
u
ctio
n
co
s
t
p
e
r
k
W
h
(
4
7
4
)
b
ei
n
g
s
o
ld
at
a
r
el
ativ
ely
h
ig
h
p
r
ice
o
f
3
,
4
5
0
.
T
h
e
I
n
ter
n
al
R
ate
o
f
R
etu
r
n
(
I
R
R
)
is
3
6
.
6
7
%,
an
d
th
e
R
etu
r
n
o
n
I
n
v
estme
n
t
(
R
OI
)
is
9
8
2
.
3
%
o
v
er
3
0
y
ea
r
s
.
Fig
u
r
e
1
8
illu
s
tr
ates
th
e
o
v
er
all
in
co
m
e
an
d
ex
p
en
s
es.
T
h
e
in
itial
I
DR
7
1
b
illi
o
n
in
v
estme
n
t
is
s
h
o
wn
as
an
o
u
tlay
in
th
e
f
ir
s
t
y
ea
r
.
O
n
th
e
r
ig
h
t
s
id
e
is
th
e
an
n
u
al
in
co
m
e
o
f
I
DR
2
7
b
illi
o
n
f
r
o
m
en
er
g
y
s
ales.
T
h
e
in
v
estme
n
t
i
s
r
ec
o
u
p
ed
in
y
ea
r
2
.
7
wh
en
th
e
cu
m
u
lativ
e
p
r
o
f
it
ch
an
g
es
f
r
o
m
o
r
an
g
e
to
g
r
ee
n
.
T
h
is
p
r
o
f
it
is
af
ter
ac
co
u
n
tin
g
f
o
r
d
ep
r
ec
iatio
n
co
s
ts
o
r
ass
et
r
ep
lace
m
en
t
d
u
e
to
wea
r
an
d
tear
,
am
o
u
n
tin
g
to
I
DR
1
.
6
b
illi
o
n
p
er
y
ea
r
,
as
well
as
in
cr
ea
s
in
g
m
ain
ten
an
ce
co
s
ts
ea
ch
y
ea
r
d
u
e
to
3
%
in
f
latio
n
.
T
h
e
n
et
p
r
o
f
it
is
s
h
o
wn
as a
f
ter
-
tax
p
r
o
f
it.
T
ab
le
3
.
Sy
s
tem
p
r
o
d
u
ct
p
r
ici
n
g
N
u
m.
P
r
o
d
u
c
t
P
r
i
c
i
n
g
(
I
D
R
/
u
n
i
t
)
S
o
u
r
c
e
1
S
R
P
-
3
3
0
-
E
0
1
B
2
,
8
0
0
,
0
0
0
To
k
o
p
e
d
i
a
2
5
0
0
k
W
A
B
B
i
n
v
e
r
t
e
r
A
C
S
5
8
0
-
04
-
8
8
0
A
-
4
6
0
7
,
1
4
1
,
7
7
6
sh
i
n
y
-
c
o
n
t
r
o
l
.
e
n
.
m
a
d
e
-
in
-
c
h
i
n
a
.
c
o
m
3
S
o
l
a
r
p
a
n
e
l
su
p
p
o
r
t
st
r
u
c
t
u
r
e
5
1
0
,
0
0
0
k
o
m
p
a
s.c
o
m
4
W
i
r
i
n
g
6
8
0
,
0
0
0
a
t
o
n
e
r
g
i
.
c
o
m
Fig
u
r
e
17
.
Fin
an
cial
a
n
aly
s
is
T
h
en
,
Fig
u
r
e
1
9
f
u
r
th
e
r
clar
if
ies
th
e
ca
s
h
f
lo
w
o
v
er
th
e
y
ea
r
s
.
I
t
s
h
o
ws
th
at
b
y
y
ea
r
2
.
7
,
a
p
r
o
f
it
h
as
alr
ea
d
y
b
ee
n
g
en
e
r
ated
,
wh
ic
h
wo
u
ld
b
e
in
2
0
2
7
.
T
h
e
ec
o
n
o
m
ic
an
aly
s
is
ab
o
v
e
d
em
o
n
s
tr
ates
th
at
th
is
s
o
lar
f
ar
m
ca
n
g
en
e
r
ate
s
u
b
s
tan
tia
l
p
r
o
f
its
with
a
p
ay
b
ac
k
p
er
io
d
o
f
ju
s
t
2
.
7
y
ea
r
s
.
T
h
is
i
s
d
u
e
to
ef
f
o
r
ts
to
m
in
im
ize
en
er
g
y
p
r
o
d
u
ctio
n
co
s
ts
p
er
k
W
h
an
d
r
ed
u
ce
i
n
v
estme
n
t
co
s
ts
b
y
s
elec
tin
g
r
elativ
ely
ch
ea
p
er
p
r
o
d
u
cts
with
g
o
o
d
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
.
Ad
d
itio
n
ally
,
th
e
lo
w
lan
d
co
s
ts
in
th
e
v
illag
e
also
h
elp
to
r
ed
u
ce
o
v
er
all
ex
p
en
s
es.
Ho
wev
e
r
,
it
ca
n
n
o
t
b
e
d
e
n
ied
t
h
at
th
e
s
ellin
g
p
r
ic
e
o
f
en
er
g
y
p
er
k
W
h
at
I
DR
3
,
4
5
0
is
v
er
y
h
ig
h
,
lik
ely
d
u
e
to
g
o
v
er
n
m
e
n
t
s
u
b
s
id
ies
aim
ed
at
en
co
u
r
ag
in
g
th
e
p
u
b
lic
to
u
s
e
elec
tr
icity
f
r
o
m
r
en
ewa
b
le
en
e
r
g
y
s
o
u
r
ce
s
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.