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Appl
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I
J
AP
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Vo
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14
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.
3
,
Sep
tem
b
er
20
25
,
p
p
.
75
2
~
76
0
I
SS
N:
2252
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8
7
9
2
,
DOI
:
1
0
.
1
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i
3
.
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-
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e
lec
tro
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s
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u
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e
ss
e
s,
o
n
e
o
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th
e
k
e
y
p
o
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sy
ste
m
c
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e
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s
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d
a
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in
a
d
e
q
u
a
c
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o
f
p
o
we
r
q
u
a
li
t
y
(P
Q).
Th
is
a
rti
c
le
p
re
se
n
ts
c
o
m
p
e
n
sa
ti
o
n
o
f
c
u
rre
n
t
h
a
rm
o
n
ics
in
d
istri
b
u
ti
o
n
sy
ste
m
in
so
u
r
c
e
sid
e
b
y
u
sin
g
a
d
a
p
t
iv
e
n
e
u
ro
fu
z
z
y
in
fe
re
n
c
e
s
sy
ste
m
(
AN
F
IS
)
c
o
n
tr
o
ll
e
r.
D
S
TATCOM
o
p
ti
m
ize
d
p
r
o
p
o
rti
o
n
a
l
in
teg
ra
l
(
PI
)
c
o
n
tro
ll
e
r
a
n
d
AN
F
I
S
re
g
u
lato
r
a
re
u
ti
li
z
e
d
f
o
r
DC
li
n
k
v
o
l
tag
e
re
g
u
latio
n
.
Th
e
AN
F
IS
c
o
n
tr
o
ll
e
r
sh
o
we
d
b
e
tt
e
r
p
e
rfo
rm
a
n
c
e
c
o
m
p
a
re
d
to
P
I
c
o
n
tro
ll
e
r
d
u
r
in
g
c
o
m
p
e
n
sa
ti
n
g
h
a
rm
o
n
ics
ti
m
e
.
Th
is
p
a
p
e
r
c
o
m
p
a
re
d
two
c
o
n
tro
l
sc
h
e
m
e
s
re
su
lt
s
P
I
a
n
d
AN
F
IS
.
T
h
re
e
-
p
h
a
se
t
h
re
e
-
wire
in
v
e
rter
is
u
se
d
f
o
r
DS
TATCOM
c
irc
u
it
.
In
th
e
re
su
lt
s
c
o
m
p
a
re
d
DC
c
a
p
a
c
it
o
r
v
o
lt
a
g
e
a
n
d
t
o
tal
h
a
rm
o
n
ic d
ist
o
rti
o
n
(
THD
)
v
a
lu
e
s o
f
so
u
rc
e
c
u
rre
n
t
.
T
h
e
THD
with
P
I
c
o
n
tro
ll
e
r
is
7
.
9
2
%
wh
il
e
b
y
u
sin
g
AN
F
I
S
c
o
n
tro
ll
e
r
it
is
r
e
d
u
c
e
d
t
o
2
.
7
6
%
.
T
h
e
c
o
n
c
e
rt
o
f
p
ro
p
o
se
d
m
e
th
o
d
is
a
n
a
l
y
z
e
d
with
M
ATLAB/S
imu
li
n
k
so
ftwa
re
.
K
ey
w
o
r
d
s
:
ANFI
S c
o
n
tr
o
ller
Har
m
o
n
ics
PI
co
n
tr
o
ller
Po
wer
q
u
ality
T
o
tal
h
ar
m
o
n
ic
d
is
to
r
tio
n
T
h
is i
s
a
n
o
p
e
n
a
c
c
e
ss
a
rticle
u
n
d
e
r th
e
CC B
Y
-
SA
li
c
e
n
se
.
C
o
r
r
e
s
p
o
nd
ing
A
uth
o
r
:
Kh
am
m
am
p
ati
R
.
Sre
ejy
o
th
i
Dep
ar
tm
en
t o
f
E
lectr
ical
an
d
E
lectr
o
n
ic
E
n
g
i
n
ee
r
in
g
,
Kar
u
n
y
a
I
n
s
titu
te
o
f
T
ec
h
n
o
l
o
g
y
a
n
d
Scien
ce
s
C
o
im
b
ato
r
e,
T
am
il Na
d
u
,
I
n
d
i
a
E
m
ail:
k
r
s
.
jy
o
th
i@
g
m
ail.
co
m
1.
I
NT
RO
D
UCT
I
O
N
T
h
e
ad
a
p
tiv
e
n
eu
r
o
f
u
zz
y
in
f
er
en
ce
s
s
y
s
tem
(
ANFI
S)
p
o
s
s
es
s
es
a
h
ig
h
le
v
el
o
f
g
en
e
r
aliza
tio
n
ca
p
ab
ilit
y
ak
in
to
n
eu
r
al
n
etwo
r
k
s
an
d
ad
d
itio
n
al
m
ac
h
in
e
lear
n
in
g
tech
n
iq
u
es.
I
t
ca
n
p
r
o
ce
s
s
cr
is
p
in
p
u
ts
,
r
ep
r
esen
tin
g
th
e
m
in
th
e
f
o
r
m
o
f
m
em
b
er
s
h
ip
f
u
n
ctio
n
s
an
d
f
u
zz
y
r
u
les,
an
d
s
u
b
s
eq
u
en
tly
g
en
er
ate
c
r
is
p
o
u
tp
u
ts
f
o
r
r
ea
s
o
n
in
g
p
u
r
p
o
s
e
s
.
T
h
is
f
lex
ib
ilit
y
m
ak
es
it
s
u
itab
le
f
o
r
ap
p
licatio
n
s
r
eq
u
ir
i
n
g
cr
is
p
in
p
u
ts
an
d
o
u
tp
u
ts
.
I
n
an
ANFI
S c
o
n
tr
o
ll
er
,
tu
n
ab
le
p
ar
am
eter
s
in
clu
d
e
m
em
b
er
s
h
ip
f
u
n
ctio
n
r
estrictio
n
s
an
d
co
n
s
eq
u
en
t
lim
itatio
n
s
.
T
h
is
n
ec
ess
ita
tes
a
co
m
p
eten
t
tr
ain
in
g
m
ec
h
a
n
is
m
to
tu
n
e
th
ese
p
ar
am
ete
r
s
ef
f
ec
tiv
ely
.
T
h
e
d
if
f
icu
lty
o
f
p
ar
am
ete
r
s
d
ir
ec
t
ly
co
r
r
elate
s
with
co
m
p
u
tatio
n
al
co
s
t.
Hen
ce
,
a
h
ig
h
e
r
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
p
a
r
am
eter
s
in
th
e
ANFI
S
co
n
tr
o
ller
r
esu
lts
i
n
in
cr
ea
s
ed
tr
ain
in
g
an
d
co
m
p
u
tatio
n
al
co
s
ts
.
T
h
e
wo
r
k
in
[
1
]
-
[
6
]
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
a
p
o
wer
q
u
ality
im
p
r
o
v
em
e
n
t
u
s
in
g
n
eu
r
al
n
etwo
r
k
s
a
n
d
AN
FIS.
T
h
e
s
tatis
tical
m
o
d
els
ar
e
u
s
ed
to
p
r
esen
t
th
e
ef
f
ec
tiv
en
ess
o
f
th
e
s
y
s
tem
.
S
er
ies
an
d
s
h
u
n
t
ac
tiv
e
f
ilter
s
w
ith
th
r
ee
-
lev
el
in
v
er
te
r
s
wer
e
p
r
esen
ted
f
o
r
p
o
wer
q
u
ality
im
p
r
o
v
em
en
t
an
d
h
a
r
m
o
n
ic
d
is
to
r
tio
n
.
T
o
g
et
b
etter
p
o
wer
q
u
ality
im
p
lem
en
ted
ANFI
S
co
n
tr
o
ller
f
o
r
ad
ap
tiv
e
co
n
tr
o
l
ap
p
licatio
n
s
.
T
h
e
s
tu
d
y
in
[
7
]
p
r
esen
ts
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
er
less
s
h
u
n
t
ac
tiv
e
p
o
wer
f
ilter
(S
APF
)
with
ANFI
S
co
n
tr
o
ller
f
o
r
p
o
wer
q
u
ality
(
PQ
)
im
p
r
o
v
em
en
t.
So
f
t
co
m
p
u
tin
g
d
esig
n
alg
o
r
ith
m
is
u
s
ed
f
o
r
r
ed
u
cin
g
to
tal
h
ar
m
o
n
ic
d
is
to
r
tio
n
(
T
H
D)
f
r
o
m
9
2
.
2
3
%
to
0
.
4
9
%
an
d
im
p
r
o
v
es
th
e
p
o
wer
f
a
cto
r
to
0
.
9
9
in
ca
s
e
o
f
n
o
n
lin
ea
r
l
o
ad
s
.
T
h
e
w
o
r
k
i
n
[
8
]
-
[
1
2
]
m
itig
ate
h
ar
m
o
n
ic
cu
r
r
en
t
c
o
m
p
en
s
atio
n
b
y
u
s
in
g
a
SAPF
with
im
p
lem
en
tatio
n
o
f
ANFI
S
co
n
tr
o
ller
.
T
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
s
y
s
tem
is
r
ea
lized
f
o
r
ef
f
ec
ts
o
cc
u
r
r
e
d
in
ar
tific
ial
n
e
u
r
al
n
etwo
r
k
(
ANN
)
,
p
r
o
p
o
r
tio
n
a
l
in
teg
r
al
d
er
iv
ativ
e
(
PID
)
,
an
d
ANFI
S
co
n
tr
o
ller
to
m
ain
tain
I
E
E
E
5
1
9
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
t J Ap
p
l Po
wer
E
n
g
I
SS
N:
2252
-
8
7
9
2
A
N
F
I
S
a
n
d
P
I
b
a
s
ed
p
erfo
r
ma
n
ce
a
n
a
lysi
s
o
f th
r
ee
p
h
a
s
e
th
r
ee
w
ir
e
… (
K
h
a
mma
mp
a
ti R
.
S
r
ee
jyo
th
i
)
753
s
tan
d
ar
d
s
.
T
h
e
s
tu
d
y
in
[
1
3
]
i
m
p
lem
en
ted
a
f
u
zz
y
m
o
d
el
-
b
a
s
ed
co
n
tr
o
ller
f
o
r
p
o
wer
q
u
ality
im
p
r
o
v
em
e
n
t
b
y
in
ter
f
ac
in
g
t
h
e
s
y
s
tem
p
a
r
am
eter
s
th
r
o
u
g
h
lin
g
u
is
tic
r
u
les.
T
h
e
PV
-
b
ased
UPQC
is
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
with
ANFI
S
co
n
tr
o
ller
f
o
r
b
etter
p
e
r
f
o
r
m
an
ce
.
Th
e
s
tu
d
y
in
[
1
4
]
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
an
ar
tific
ial
in
tellig
en
ce
-
b
ased
co
n
tr
o
ller
f
o
r
PQ
in
im
p
r
o
v
i
n
g
g
r
i
d
co
n
n
ec
ted
d
is
tr
ib
u
tio
n
ar
r
a
n
g
em
en
ts
.
T
h
e
T
HD
v
alu
e
in
SR
FT
is
1
.
7
1
%,
ANN
is
1
.
6
5
%
b
u
t
b
y
im
p
lem
en
tin
g
ANFI
S
co
n
tr
o
ller
th
e
T
HD
v
alu
e
r
ed
u
ce
d
to
1
.
5
1
%.
Th
e
s
tu
d
y
in
[
1
5
]
im
p
lem
e
n
ted
an
ANFI
S
co
n
tr
o
ller
with
DST
AT
C
OM
.
T
h
e
r
ef
er
en
ce
co
m
p
en
s
atio
n
cu
r
r
e
n
t
is
u
s
ed
to
r
ed
u
ce
th
e
r
ea
ctiv
e
p
o
wer
in
n
o
n
lin
ea
r
lo
ad
.
T
h
e
wo
r
k
in
[
1
6
]
-
[
1
9
]
p
r
o
p
o
s
e
d
a
p
o
wer
q
u
ality
im
p
r
o
v
e
m
en
t
with
ANFI
S
o
p
tim
ized
p
r
o
p
o
r
tio
n
al
in
teg
r
al
(
PI)
co
n
tr
o
ller
f
o
r
d
is
tr
ib
u
t
ed
g
en
er
atio
n
.
T
h
e
co
n
tr
o
ller
s
u
p
p
lies
p
o
wer
to
lo
ca
l lo
ad
s
with
o
u
t a
f
f
ec
ti
n
g
t
h
e
o
th
er
s
y
s
tem
p
a
r
am
eter
s
.
2.
M
E
T
H
O
D
Fig
u
r
e
1
r
ep
r
esen
ts
th
e
I
R
P
th
eo
r
y
with
ANFI
S
co
n
tr
o
ller
.
T
h
e
ANFI
S
s
u
p
er
v
is
o
r
h
a
v
in
g
two
ef
f
o
r
ts
e1
an
d
e2
an
d
h
av
i
n
g
o
n
e
p
r
o
d
u
ctio
n
PL
[
2
0
]
-
[
2
5
]
.
T
h
r
ee
p
h
ase
v
o
ltag
es
Vsa,
V
s
b
,
an
d
Vsc
ar
e
co
n
v
er
ted
to
Vα
an
d
Vβ
b
y
u
s
in
g
ab
c
t
o
α
β
co
n
v
e
r
ter
.
T
h
r
ee
p
h
ase
s
h
ip
m
en
t
cu
r
r
e
n
ts
I
L
a,
I
L
b
,
an
d
I
L
c
ar
e
co
n
v
er
ted
to
I
α
an
d
I
β
b
y
u
s
in
g
ab
c
to
α
β
co
n
v
er
ter
.
B
y
s
u
b
m
itti
n
g
th
ese
v
alu
es
d
ir
ec
tly
,
we
ca
n
ca
lcu
late
ac
tiv
e
an
d
r
ea
ctiv
e
p
o
wer
.
T
h
e
o
r
ie
n
tatio
n
DC
v
o
ltag
e
an
d
DC
lin
k
v
o
ltag
e
ar
e
co
n
n
ec
ted
to
th
e
PI
co
n
t
r
o
ll
er
.
T
h
e
e
r
r
o
r
s
ig
n
al
f
r
o
m
th
e
PI
co
n
tr
o
ller
e1
is
c
o
n
n
ec
ted
t
o
th
e
ANFI
S
co
n
t
r
o
ll
er
f
o
r
g
en
er
atin
g
th
e
o
u
tp
u
t
PL.
T
h
e
s
u
m
m
atio
n
o
f
PL
an
d
P1
p
r
o
d
u
ce
s
th
e
t
o
tal
ac
tiv
e
p
o
wer
P*
.
T
h
e
o
r
i
en
tatio
n
cu
r
r
en
ts
I
a*
,
I
b
*
,
an
d
I
c*
ar
e
co
m
p
ar
ed
with
th
e
f
o
u
n
d
atio
n
cu
r
r
e
n
ts
I
s
a,
I
s
b
,
an
d
I
s
c.
T
h
e
th
r
ee
p
h
ase
v
o
ltag
es
Vsa,
V
s
b
,
an
d
Vsc
ar
e
co
n
v
er
ted
to
Vα
an
d
Vβ.
=
√
2
3
[
−
2
−
2
]
(
1
)
=
[
−
√
2
]
(
2
)
T
h
e
cu
r
r
e
n
t e
q
u
atio
n
s
ar
e
also
co
n
v
er
te
d
in
to
I
α
,
Iβ
,
a
n
d
I
0
e
x
p
o
s
ed
in
(
3
)
-
(
5
)
.
0
=
√
1
3
[
+
+
]
(
3
)
=
√
2
3
[
−
2
−
2
(
4
)
=
[
−
√
2
]
(
5
)
T
h
e
(
6
)
an
d
(
7
)
r
ep
r
esen
t
th
e
a
ctiv
e
p
o
wer
P a
n
d
r
ea
ctiv
e
p
o
wer
Q.
=
+
(
6
)
=
−
(
7
)
∗
=
1
+
(
8
)
B
y
u
s
in
g
in
v
e
r
s
e
C
lar
k
e’
s
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
atio
n
,
th
e
I
α
a
n
d
I
β
cu
r
r
en
ts
ar
e
co
n
v
er
ted
i
n
to
I
α
*
an
d
I
β*
;
th
ese
eq
u
atio
n
s
ar
e
p
r
esen
ted
in
(
9
)
an
d
(
1
0
)
.
∗
=
[
(
−
1
2
+
2
)
(
(
∗
∗
)
+
(
∗
)
)
]
(
9
)
∗
=
[
(
−
1
2
+
2
)
(
(
∗
∗
)
+
(
∗
)
)
]
(
1
0
)
T
h
e
r
ef
er
e
n
ce
cu
r
r
e
n
ts
I
a*
,
I
b
*
,
an
d
I
c*
ar
e
lik
en
ed
with
th
e
s
o
u
r
ce
cu
r
r
e
n
ts
I
s
a,
I
s
b
,
an
d
I
s
c
;
th
ese
eq
u
atio
n
s
ar
e
p
r
esen
ted
in
(
1
1
)
-
(
1
3
)
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
2
5
2
-
8
7
9
2
I
n
t J Ap
p
l Po
wer
E
n
g
,
Vo
l.
14
,
No
.
3
,
Sep
tem
b
er
20
25
:
75
2
-
76
0
754
∗
=
√
2
3
[
∗
+
0
√
2
]
(
1
1
)
∗
=
√
2
3
[
−
∗
2
+
√
3
2
∗
+
0
√
2
]
(
1
2
)
∗
=
√
2
3
[
−
∗
2
−
√
3
2
∗
+
0
√
2
]
(
1
3
)
Fig
u
r
e
1
.
DSTA
T
C
OM
co
n
tr
o
ller
2
.
1
.
ANF
I
S
a
rc
hite
ct
ure
Fig
u
r
e
2
illu
s
tr
ates
th
e
ty
p
ica
l
s
tr
u
ctu
r
e
o
f
an
ANFI
S.
T
h
e
ANFI
S
m
o
d
el
co
m
p
r
is
es
f
iv
e
d
is
tin
ct
lay
er
s
,
ea
ch
in
ter
co
n
n
ec
ted
th
r
o
u
g
h
weig
h
te
d
co
n
n
ec
tio
n
s
.
T
h
is
f
ir
s
t
lay
er
r
ec
eiv
es
in
p
u
t
d
ata
a
n
d
m
ap
s
it
th
r
o
u
g
h
m
em
b
er
s
h
ip
f
u
n
ctio
n
s
to
d
eter
m
in
e
th
e
d
eg
r
ee
o
f
m
em
b
er
s
h
ip
f
o
r
ea
ch
in
p
u
t v
alu
e.
T
h
e
s
ec
o
n
d
lay
er
ap
p
lies
f
u
zz
y
r
u
les to
estab
lis
h
r
elatio
n
s
h
ip
s
b
etwe
en
th
e
in
p
u
ts
an
d
o
u
tp
u
ts
.
I
n
th
e
th
ir
d
l
ay
er
,
th
e
o
u
tp
u
ts
ar
e
n
o
r
m
alize
d
,
p
r
ep
ar
in
g
th
em
f
o
r
th
e
n
ex
t
s
tag
e.
T
h
e
f
o
u
r
t
h
lay
er
p
r
o
ce
s
s
es
th
e
n
o
r
m
alize
d
o
u
tp
u
ts
an
d
ap
p
lies
o
u
tp
u
t
m
em
b
er
s
h
ip
f
u
n
ctio
n
s
.
T
h
e
f
if
th
lay
er
a
g
g
r
e
g
ates
th
e
r
esu
lts
to
p
r
o
d
u
ce
a
s
in
g
le
o
u
tp
u
t.
T
ab
le
1
co
m
p
ar
es
th
e
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
o
f
PI
an
d
ANFI
S
co
n
tr
o
ller
s
,
wh
ile
Fig
u
r
e
2
d
ep
icts
th
e
ANFI
S
f
lo
w
ch
ar
t.
Fig
u
r
e
3
p
r
o
v
id
es a
f
lo
w
ch
ar
t
d
etailin
g
th
e
ANFI
S tr
ain
in
g
an
d
test
in
g
p
r
o
ce
s
s
es in
MA
T
L
AB
.
Fig
u
r
e
2
.
ANFI
S
a
r
ch
itectu
r
e
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
t J Ap
p
l Po
wer
E
n
g
I
SS
N:
2252
-
8
7
9
2
A
N
F
I
S
a
n
d
P
I
b
a
s
ed
p
erfo
r
ma
n
ce
a
n
a
lysi
s
o
f th
r
ee
p
h
a
s
e
th
r
ee
w
ir
e
… (
K
h
a
mma
mp
a
ti R
.
S
r
ee
jyo
th
i
)
755
Fig
u
r
e
3
.
Flo
w
ch
a
r
t o
f
ANFI
S tr
ain
in
g
an
d
test
in
g
in
MA
T
L
AB
T
ab
le
1
.
C
o
m
p
a
r
is
o
n
o
f
PI
an
d
ANFI
S c
o
n
tr
o
ller
S.
No
P
I
c
o
n
t
r
o
l
l
e
r
A
N
F
I
S
c
o
n
t
r
o
l
l
e
r
1.
I
t
i
s a
c
o
n
v
e
n
t
i
o
n
a
l
c
o
n
t
r
o
l
me
t
h
o
d
I
t
i
s
an
a
d
v
a
n
c
e
d
c
o
n
t
r
o
l
m
e
t
h
o
d
2.
I
t
i
s wel
l
o
p
e
r
a
t
e
d
o
n
l
y
i
n
s
t
e
a
d
y
s
t
a
t
e
c
o
n
d
i
t
i
o
n
I
t
i
s o
p
e
r
a
t
e
d
i
n
b
o
t
h
d
y
n
a
m
i
c
a
n
d
s
t
e
a
d
y
s
t
a
t
e
c
o
n
d
i
t
i
o
n
s
3.
I
t
i
s e
a
s
i
l
y
i
m
p
l
e
me
n
t
e
d
C
o
m
p
l
e
x
i
m
p
l
e
m
e
n
t
a
t
i
o
n
T
h
e
n
eu
r
o
f
u
zz
y
m
o
d
el
h
ad
f
i
v
e
d
if
f
e
r
en
t
a
d
ap
tiv
e
lay
e
r
s
in
its
co
n
s
tr
u
ctio
n
.
T
h
e
Su
g
en
o
f
ir
s
t
o
r
d
er
m
o
d
el
with
d
o
u
b
le
in
p
u
t
v
ar
iab
les
is
d
escr
ib
ed
b
r
ief
ly
b
elo
w.
L
ay
er
1
:
T
h
e
n
am
e
o
f
th
e
f
u
zz
y
s
ets
o
r
lan
g
u
ag
e
v
ar
iab
les
is
d
ef
in
ed
at
th
e
f
u
zz
if
icatio
n
la
y
er
,
wh
e
r
e
O
1
i
or
j
a
r
e
o
u
tp
u
t
f
u
n
ctio
n
s
an
d
µ
Ai
o
r
µ
Bi
ar
e
ass
o
ciatio
n
f
u
n
ctio
n
s
.
I
n
l
ay
e
r
2
,
t
h
e
r
esu
lt
o
f
lay
e
r
1
is
r
ep
r
esen
ted
h
er
e.
T
h
e
f
o
llo
w
in
g
lay
er
’
s
weig
h
t
f
u
n
ctio
n
s
ω
i
ar
e
d
ef
i
n
ed
as
(
1
6
)
.
L
a
y
er
3
s
tan
d
ar
d
izes
th
e
v
alu
e
f
r
o
m
lay
e
r
2
b
ef
o
r
e
t
r
an
s
f
er
r
in
g
it
to
lay
er
4
.
T
h
e
s
tan
d
ar
d
izatio
n
in
th
is
lay
er
ca
n
b
e
f
o
r
m
u
lated
as
(
1
7
)
.
L
ay
er
4
is
th
e
d
ef
u
zz
if
icatio
n
lay
er
.
T
h
e
lin
ea
r
p
ar
am
eter
s
P
i
,
q
i
,
an
d
r
i
th
at
co
n
s
eq
u
en
ce
f
r
o
m
t
h
e
f
u
n
cti
o
n
s
ar
e
d
ef
in
e
d
in
th
is
lay
e
r
,
as
s
h
o
wn
in
(
18
)
.
Fin
ally
,
lay
er
5
r
ep
r
esen
ts
th
e
to
tal
o
u
tp
u
t
lay
er
.
T
h
e
to
tal
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
o
u
tp
u
t
s
ig
n
als
is
t
h
e
o
u
tp
u
t
f
r
o
m
th
is
lay
er
,
as sh
o
wn
in
(
19
)
.
1
=
(
2
)
,
=
1
.
2
(
1
4
)
1
=
(
2
)
,
=
1
.
2
(
1
5
)
2
=
=
(
1
)
(
2
)
,
=
1
.
2
(
1
6
)
3
=
=
∑
,
=
1
.
2
(
1
7
)
4
=
.
=
(
.
1
+
.
2
+
)
,
=
1
.
2
(
1
8
)
5
=
(
1
,
2
)
=
∑
.
1
=
.
2
=
∑
.
∑
(
1
9
)
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
2
5
2
-
8
7
9
2
I
n
t J Ap
p
l Po
wer
E
n
g
,
Vo
l.
14
,
No
.
3
,
Sep
tem
b
er
20
25
:
75
2
-
76
0
756
3.
SI
M
UL
A
T
I
O
N
R
E
S
UL
T
S
Fig
u
r
e
4
s
h
o
ws
th
e
DSTA
C
O
M
s
im
u
latio
n
r
esu
lts
with
PI
c
o
n
tr
o
ller
.
T
h
e
wav
e
f
o
r
m
s
h
o
w
s
th
e
f
o
u
r
p
ar
am
eter
s
wh
ich
ar
e
s
o
u
r
ce
v
o
ltag
e,
lo
ad
cu
r
r
e
n
t,
s
o
u
r
ce
cu
r
r
en
t
,
an
d
co
m
p
en
s
atin
g
c
u
r
r
en
t.
T
h
e
s
o
u
r
ce
cu
r
r
en
t
it
to
o
k
o
n
e
cy
cle
f
o
r
s
ettlin
g
cu
r
r
en
t,
th
e
s
o
u
r
ce
v
o
ltag
e
m
ain
tain
ed
co
n
s
t
an
t
en
tire
cy
cles.
C
o
m
p
en
s
atin
g
cu
r
r
en
t
m
ain
l
y
u
s
ed
f
o
r
co
m
p
e
n
s
atio
n
o
f
r
ea
c
tiv
e
p
o
wer
.
T
h
e
T
HD
o
f
th
e
s
o
u
r
ce
cu
r
r
e
n
t
with
PI
co
n
tr
o
ller
is
7
.
9
2
%.
T
h
e
e
v
id
en
ce
o
f
th
e
T
HD
is
s
h
o
wn
in
Fig
u
r
e
5
.
T
ab
le
2
s
h
o
ws
t
h
e
p
a
r
am
eter
s
o
f
th
e
s
im
u
latio
n
f
ile.
T
h
e
MA
T
L
A
B
r
esu
lts
f
o
r
DSTA
T
C
OM
co
n
tr
o
l
with
an
ANFI
S
co
n
tr
o
ller
ar
e
s
h
o
wn
in
F
ig
u
r
e
6
.
T
h
e
s
im
u
latio
n
was
co
n
d
u
cted
u
s
in
g
MA
T
L
AB
/Si
m
u
lin
k
.
ANFI
S
co
n
tr
o
ller
was
im
p
lem
en
ted
f
o
r
DSTA
T
C
OM
co
n
tr
o
l.
ANFI
S
co
n
tr
o
ller
u
tili
ze
d
cr
is
p
in
p
u
ts
an
d
g
en
e
r
ated
cr
is
p
o
u
t
p
u
ts
b
ased
o
n
f
u
zz
y
r
u
les
an
d
m
em
b
er
s
h
ip
f
u
n
ctio
n
s
.
T
u
n
ab
le
p
ar
am
eter
s
in
clu
d
e
d
m
em
b
er
s
h
ip
f
u
n
ctio
n
p
ar
a
m
eter
s
an
d
co
n
s
eq
u
en
t
p
ar
am
eter
s
.
E
v
al
u
atio
n
o
f
DS
T
AT
C
OM
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
was
b
ased
o
n
p
ar
am
eter
s
s
u
c
h
as
T
HD
,
p
o
wer
f
ac
to
r
,
an
d
d
y
n
am
ic
r
esp
o
n
s
e.
T
h
e
T
HD
o
f
th
e
ANFI
S c
o
n
tr
o
ller
is
2
.
7
6
%.
Fig
u
r
e
7
s
h
o
ws th
e
th
r
ee
-
p
h
ase
s
im
u
lated
wav
ef
o
r
m
s
with
ANFI
S
c
o
n
t
r
o
ller
.
T
h
e
ev
id
en
ce
o
f
th
e
T
HD
with
ANFI
S
co
n
tr
o
ller
is
s
h
o
wn
in
F
ig
u
r
e
8
.
ANFI
S
co
n
tr
o
ller
d
em
o
n
s
tr
ated
ef
f
ec
tiv
e
co
n
tr
o
l
o
f
DSTA
T
C
OM
,
r
ed
u
cin
g
T
HD
a
n
d
im
p
r
o
v
in
g
p
o
wer
f
ac
to
r
.
C
o
m
p
ar
ativ
e
a
n
aly
s
is
with
o
t
h
er
co
n
tr
o
l
s
ch
em
es,
s
u
ch
as
PI
-
b
ased
SR
F,
s
h
o
wca
s
ed
th
e
ef
f
icac
y
o
f
th
e
ANFI
S
co
n
tr
o
ller
.
T
h
e
c
o
m
p
u
tatio
n
al
co
s
t
was
d
ep
en
d
e
n
t
o
n
th
e
co
m
p
lex
ity
o
f
p
ar
a
m
eter
s
in
th
e
ANFI
S
co
n
tr
o
ller
.
E
f
f
icien
t
t
r
ain
in
g
m
ec
h
an
is
m
s
wer
e
ess
en
tial
to
o
p
tim
ize
p
ar
am
ete
r
tu
n
in
g
an
d
m
in
im
iz
e
co
m
p
u
tatio
n
al
o
v
er
h
ea
d
.
MA
T
L
AB
r
esu
lts
in
d
icate
th
at
e
m
p
lo
y
in
g
an
ANFI
S
co
n
tr
o
ll
er
f
o
r
DSTA
T
C
OM
co
n
tr
o
l
y
ield
s
p
r
o
m
is
in
g
o
u
tc
o
m
es,
en
h
an
cin
g
s
y
s
tem
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
an
d
ef
f
icien
cy
.
S
p
ec
if
ic
n
u
m
er
ical
r
esu
lts
an
d
g
r
ap
h
ical
r
e
p
r
esen
tatio
n
s
ca
n
b
e
p
r
o
v
id
ed
b
ased
o
n
th
e
ac
tu
al
MA
T
L
AB
s
im
u
latio
n
s
co
n
d
u
cte
d
.
T
ab
le
3
s
h
o
ws th
e
co
m
p
ar
is
o
n
t
a
b
le
o
f
th
e
T
HD.
Fig
u
r
e
4
.
Simu
lated
wa
v
ef
o
r
m
s
with
PI
co
n
tr
o
ller
Fig
u
r
e
5
.
So
u
r
ce
cu
r
r
en
t T
HD
with
o
u
t c
o
m
p
e
n
s
atio
n
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
t J Ap
p
l Po
wer
E
n
g
I
SS
N:
2252
-
8
7
9
2
A
N
F
I
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a
n
d
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a
s
ed
p
erfo
r
ma
n
ce
a
n
a
lysi
s
o
f th
r
ee
p
h
a
s
e
th
r
ee
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ir
e
… (
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ti R
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r
ee
jyo
th
i
)
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ab
le
2
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Par
am
eter
v
alu
es
S
.
N
o
P
a
r
a
me
t
e
r
s
R
a
n
g
e
1.
S
u
p
p
l
y
v
o
l
t
a
g
e
,
c
u
r
r
e
n
t
4
4
0
V
,
4
0
A
2.
Lo
a
d
c
u
r
r
e
n
t
48
A
3.
D
C
l
i
n
k
c
a
p
a
c
i
t
o
r
v
o
l
t
a
g
e
7
8
0
V
4.
S
o
u
r
c
e
i
n
d
u
c
t
a
n
c
e
0
.
5
mH
5.
Lo
a
d
i
n
d
u
c
t
a
n
c
e
,
r
e
si
s
t
a
n
c
e
16
mH
,
1
0
o
h
ms
6.
C
a
p
a
c
i
t
a
n
c
e
4
7
0
0
µF
Fig
u
r
e
6
.
Simu
lated
wa
v
ef
o
r
m
s
with
ANFI
S c
o
n
tr
o
ller
Fig
u
r
e
7
.
T
h
r
ee
-
p
h
ase
s
im
u
lated
wav
ef
o
r
m
s
with
ANFI
S c
o
n
tr
o
ller
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
2
5
2
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8
7
9
2
I
n
t J Ap
p
l Po
wer
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g
,
Vo
l.
14
,
No
.
3
,
Sep
tem
b
er
20
25
:
75
2
-
76
0
758
Fig
u
r
e
8
.
So
u
r
ce
cu
r
r
en
t w
ith
co
m
p
en
s
atio
n
T
ab
le
3
.
C
o
m
p
a
r
is
o
n
o
f
d
y
n
a
m
ic
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
o
f
DSTA
T
C
OM
S.
N
o
C
o
n
t
r
o
l
sc
h
e
m
e
P
e
r
c
e
n
t
a
g
e
TH
D
1
PI
-
S
R
F
7
.
9
2
%
2
A
N
F
I
S
-
S
R
F
2
.
7
6
%
4.
CO
NCLU
SI
O
N
T
h
is
p
ap
er
ex
p
lo
r
es
th
e
c
o
m
p
en
s
atio
n
o
f
h
ar
m
o
n
ic
c
u
r
r
e
n
ts
in
d
is
tr
ib
u
tio
n
s
y
s
tem
s
at
th
e
s
o
u
r
ce
s
id
e
u
s
in
g
an
ANFI
S
co
n
tr
o
ller
.
T
h
e
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
o
f
th
e
ANFI
S c
o
n
tr
o
ller
is
co
m
p
ar
e
d
with
th
at
o
f
a
PI
co
n
tr
o
ller
in
ter
m
s
o
f
T
HD
r
ed
u
cti
o
n
,
a
ch
iev
in
g
a
r
e
d
u
ctio
n
f
r
o
m
7
.
9
2
%
to
2
.
7
6
%.
T
h
e
s
tu
d
y
in
v
o
lv
es
a
th
r
ee
-
p
h
ase
,
th
r
ee
-
wir
e
s
y
s
tem
m
o
d
eled
a
n
d
im
itatio
n
u
s
in
g
MA
T
L
AB
/S
im
u
lin
k
.
Simu
latio
n
r
esu
lts
f
o
r
s
u
p
p
l
y
v
o
ltag
e
,
cu
r
r
en
t,
c
o
m
p
en
s
atin
g
c
u
r
r
en
t
,
DC
ca
p
ac
ito
r
v
o
ltag
e,
an
d
T
HD
ar
e
an
aly
ze
d
an
d
c
o
m
p
ar
ed
b
etwe
en
th
e
P
I
an
d
ANFI
S
co
n
tr
o
ller
s
.
T
h
e
r
esu
lts
d
em
o
n
s
tr
ate
th
at
th
e
ANFI
S
co
n
tr
o
ller
o
f
f
er
s
s
u
p
e
r
io
r
p
e
r
f
o
r
m
an
ce
i
n
r
ed
u
cin
g
T
HD
co
m
p
a
r
ed
to
t
h
e
PI
co
n
tr
o
ller
.
F
UNDING
I
NF
O
R
M
A
T
I
O
N
T
h
e
au
th
o
r
s
d
ec
lar
e
th
at
n
o
f
u
n
d
s
,
g
r
a
n
ts
,
o
r
o
th
e
r
s
u
p
p
o
r
t
wer
e
r
ec
eiv
ed
d
u
r
in
g
t
h
e
p
r
e
p
ar
atio
n
o
f
th
is
m
an
u
s
cr
ip
t.
AUTHO
R
CO
NT
RI
B
UT
I
O
NS ST
A
T
E
M
E
N
T
T
h
is
jo
u
r
n
al
u
s
es
th
e
C
o
n
tr
ib
u
to
r
R
o
les
T
ax
o
n
o
m
y
(
C
R
ed
iT)
to
r
ec
o
g
n
ize
in
d
iv
id
u
al
au
th
o
r
co
n
tr
ib
u
tio
n
s
,
r
ed
u
ce
au
th
o
r
s
h
ip
d
is
p
u
tes,
an
d
f
ac
ilit
ate
co
llab
o
r
atio
n
.
Na
m
e
o
f
Aut
ho
r
C
M
So
Va
Fo
I
R
D
O
E
Vi
Su
P
Fu
Kh
am
m
am
p
ati
R
.
Sre
ejy
o
th
i
✓
✓
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✓
✓
✓
✓
J
.
J
ay
ak
u
m
ar
✓
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✓
✓
P.
Ven
k
atesh
Ku
m
ar
✓
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✓
✓
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✓
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✓
C
:
C
o
n
c
e
p
t
u
a
l
i
z
a
t
i
o
n
M
:
M
e
t
h
o
d
o
l
o
g
y
So
:
So
f
t
w
a
r
e
Va
:
Va
l
i
d
a
t
i
o
n
Fo
:
Fo
r
mal
a
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a
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s
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:
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n
v
e
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t
i
g
a
t
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:
R
e
so
u
r
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s
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:
D
a
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r
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r
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:
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:
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p
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v
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:
P
r
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c
t
a
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mi
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a
t
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Fu
:
Fu
n
d
i
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g
a
c
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u
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o
n
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
t J Ap
p
l Po
wer
E
n
g
I
SS
N:
2252
-
8
7
9
2
A
N
F
I
S
a
n
d
P
I
b
a
s
ed
p
erfo
r
ma
n
ce
a
n
a
lysi
s
o
f th
r
ee
p
h
a
s
e
th
r
ee
w
ir
e
… (
K
h
a
mma
mp
a
ti R
.
S
r
ee
jyo
th
i
)
759
CO
NF
L
I
C
T
O
F
I
N
T
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S
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ST
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h
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th
o
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d
ec
lar
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th
at
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e
y
h
av
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n
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licts
o
f
in
ter
est to
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is
clo
s
e.
DATA AV
AI
L
AB
I
L
I
T
Y
Data
a
v
aila
b
i
lit
y
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t
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p
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le
t
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d
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al
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e
d
i
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t
h
is
s
t
u
d
y
.
RE
F
E
R
E
NC
E
S
[
1
]
T.
A
h
m
e
d
,
A
.
W
a
q
a
r
,
R
.
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.
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a
v
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san
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mt
i
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.
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m
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mar,
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n
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.
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ss
,
v
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l
.
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[
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