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ased
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n
d
th
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also
b
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a
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in
m
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m
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tar
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s
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m
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s
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s
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s
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p
r
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en
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s
,
an
d
d
if
f
er
en
t tim
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f
th
e
d
a
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.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
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N
:
2
5
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2
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4
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I
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d
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n
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J
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n
g
&
C
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m
p
Sci
,
Vo
l.
39
,
No
.
3
,
Sep
tem
b
er
20
25
:
1
8
6
5
-
1
8
7
6
1866
I
n
d
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class
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m
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(
I
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p
s
to
d
ay
.
Ma
n
a
g
in
g
th
ese
is
s
u
es,
esp
ec
ially
d
ep
r
ess
io
n
,
i
s
a
s
ig
n
if
ican
t
c
o
n
ce
r
n
in
s
o
ci
ety
.
Fo
r
tu
n
ately
,
m
u
s
ic
th
er
a
p
y
an
d
in
ter
v
en
tio
n
s
o
f
f
er
e
f
f
icien
t so
lu
tio
n
s
f
o
r
m
e
n
tal
h
ea
lth
m
an
a
g
em
en
t [
3
]
,
[
4
]
.
A
R
ag
a
is
a
m
u
s
ica
l
p
atter
n
,
an
d
in
co
m
p
u
tatio
n
al
m
u
s
ico
l
o
g
y
,
id
e
n
tify
in
g
a
R
ag
a
is
ess
en
tially
a
p
atter
n
r
ec
o
g
n
itio
n
p
r
o
b
lem
.
On
ce
th
e
R
ag
a
o
f
a
s
o
n
g
is
id
en
tifie
d
,
it
ca
n
b
e
u
s
ed
f
o
r
h
e
alin
g
p
u
r
p
o
s
es
if
th
e
R
ag
a
p
o
s
s
ess
e
s
s
p
ec
if
ic
th
er
ap
eu
tic
p
r
o
p
er
ties
.
T
h
er
ef
o
r
e
,
r
ec
o
g
n
izin
g
th
e
R
ag
a
of
a
g
iv
en
s
o
n
g
is
an
im
p
o
r
tan
t
co
m
p
u
tatio
n
al
task
.
T
h
is
wo
r
k
ad
d
r
ess
es
th
e
p
r
o
b
lem
o
f
au
to
m
atic
R
ag
a
r
ec
o
g
n
itio
n
in
I
C
M
,
m
o
tiv
ated
b
y
t
h
e
n
ee
d
s
an
d
p
o
ten
tial
o
f
m
u
s
ic
th
er
a
p
y
.
A
m
o
d
el
f
o
r
R
ag
a
r
ec
o
g
n
itio
n
is
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
,
wh
ich
is
o
b
ject
-
o
r
ien
ted
.
Usi
n
g
th
is
m
o
d
el,
o
n
e
ca
n
id
en
ti
f
y
th
e
R
ag
a
o
f
a
g
iv
en
s
o
n
g
.
T
h
e
en
tire
wo
r
k
is
b
ased
o
n
I
C
M
,
an
d
a
p
r
o
ce
d
u
r
e
h
as
b
ee
n
d
esig
n
ed
t
o
id
e
n
tify
th
e
R
ag
a
p
atter
n
s
o
f
a
s
o
n
g
.
T
h
is
p
r
o
ce
d
u
r
e
em
p
lo
y
s
m
ath
em
atica
l
co
n
ce
p
ts
s
u
ch
as
th
e
d
is
cr
ete
f
o
u
r
ier
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
(
DFT)
an
d
f
u
n
d
a
m
en
tal
f
r
eq
u
e
n
cy
m
ea
s
u
r
e
(
FF
M)
.
R
esu
lts
wer
e
o
b
tain
ed
b
y
ap
p
ly
in
g
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
m
o
d
el
a
n
d
p
r
o
ce
d
u
r
e
to
v
ar
io
u
s
s
o
n
g
s
b
ased
o
n
I
C
M
.
T
h
ese
r
esu
lts
wer
e
co
m
p
u
ted
th
r
o
u
g
h
e
x
p
er
im
e
n
ts
u
s
in
g
W
av
eSu
r
f
er
s
o
f
twar
e,
as
well
as
th
r
o
u
g
h
co
m
p
u
tatio
n
s
b
ased
o
n
FFM
.
T
h
e
p
r
o
ce
s
s
d
em
o
n
s
tr
ates
h
o
w
th
e
co
m
p
u
ted
v
alu
es
ca
n
b
e
m
ap
p
ed
to
id
en
tify
a
R
ag
a
f
r
o
m
th
e
av
ailab
le
R
ag
a
d
atab
ase.
T
h
e
r
est
o
f
th
e
p
ap
er
is
o
r
g
an
ized
as
f
o
llo
ws:
s
ec
tio
n
2
d
is
cu
s
s
es
th
e
r
elev
an
t
liter
atu
r
e.
Sectio
n
3
h
ig
h
lig
h
ts
th
e
ass
o
ciate
d
b
ac
k
g
r
o
u
n
d
o
f
t
h
is
wo
r
k
.
T
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
m
o
d
el
f
o
r
i
d
en
tify
in
g
R
ag
a
s
in
I
C
M
is
p
r
esen
ted
in
s
ec
tio
n
4
a
n
d
s
ec
tio
n
5
,
f
o
llo
wed
b
y
a
d
is
cu
s
s
io
n
o
f
th
e
r
esu
lts
in
s
ec
tio
n
6
.
T
h
e
p
ap
er
c
o
n
clu
d
es
in
s
ec
tio
n
7.
2.
RE
L
AT
E
D
WO
RK
Me
n
tal
illn
ess
is
p
r
ev
alen
t
i
n
to
d
ay
'
s
s
o
ciety
,
d
e
f
in
ed
b
y
t
h
e
Am
er
ican
Ps
y
ch
iatr
ic
Ass
o
ciatio
n
as
s
ig
n
if
ican
t
ch
an
g
es
in
b
eh
a
v
i
o
r
,
em
o
tio
n
s
,
o
r
b
o
t
h
,
lead
in
g
to
d
if
f
ic
u
lties
in
s
o
cial
an
d
f
u
n
ctio
n
al
asp
ec
ts
o
f
life
[
5
]
.
Acc
o
r
d
in
g
to
PIN
E
R
E
ST
C
h
r
is
tian
Me
n
tal
Hea
lth
Ser
v
ices,
1
9
%
o
f
a
d
u
lts
,
4
6
%
o
f
tee
n
ag
er
s
,
an
d
1
3
%
o
f
ch
ild
r
e
n
ex
p
er
ie
n
ce
m
en
tal
h
ea
lth
is
s
u
es
[
6
]
.
Mu
s
ic,
k
n
o
wn
f
o
r
its
p
leasan
tn
e
s
s
an
d
th
er
ap
eu
tic
ca
p
ab
ilit
ies
[
7
]
,
is
in
teg
r
al
to
I
C
M
th
r
o
u
g
h
its
f
u
n
d
am
en
tal
co
m
p
o
n
e
n
t
k
n
o
wn
as
'
R
ag
a
'
.
A
R
ag
a
is
a
s
ca
le
f
o
r
m
ed
b
y
co
m
b
in
i
n
g
th
e
s
ev
en
b
asic n
o
tes:
Sa,
R
e,
Ga,
Ma
,
Pa,
Da,
an
d
Ni
[
7
]
.
Mu
s
ic
th
er
ap
y
,
a
f
ield
with
in
p
ar
am
ed
icin
e,
ap
p
lies
m
u
s
ic
f
o
r
th
er
a
p
eu
tic
p
u
r
p
o
s
es,
ad
d
r
e
s
s
in
g
p
s
y
ch
o
lo
g
ical
a
n
d
p
h
y
s
i
o
lo
g
ical
co
n
d
itio
n
s
s
u
ch
as
m
eso
th
elio
m
a,
asth
m
a,
d
ep
r
ess
io
n
,
an
d
e
v
en
asb
esto
s
ca
n
ce
r
[
8
]
.
R
ag
a
s
p
lay
a
cr
u
cial
r
o
le
in
m
u
s
ic
th
er
ap
y
;
f
o
r
in
s
tan
ce
,
R
ag
a
Ah
ir
b
h
air
a
v
an
d
T
o
d
i
a
r
e
u
s
ed
f
o
r
h
y
p
e
r
ten
s
io
n
,
R
ag
a
Pu
n
n
a
g
av
ar
ali
f
o
r
a
n
g
er
an
d
v
io
le
n
ce
co
n
tr
o
l,
R
ag
a
T
o
d
i
f
o
r
r
elief
f
r
o
m
co
l
d
an
d
h
ea
d
ac
h
es,
R
ag
a
Sh
iv
ar
an
jan
i
f
o
r
m
em
o
r
y
-
r
elate
d
is
s
u
es,
R
ag
a
B
h
air
av
i f
o
r
s
in
u
s
an
d
to
o
th
ac
h
e
r
elief
,
R
ag
a
C
h
an
d
r
a
k
au
n
s
f
o
r
h
ea
r
t p
r
o
b
le
m
s
an
d
d
iab
etes,
an
d
R
ag
a
Dar
b
ar
i f
o
r
ten
s
io
n
r
e
d
u
ctio
n
an
d
r
elax
atio
n
[
8
]
.
T
h
er
e
is
a
d
is
tin
ct
r
elat
io
n
s
h
ip
b
etwe
en
R
ag
a
an
d
r
asa
in
I
C
M
,
wh
er
e
R
ag
a
d
en
o
tes
th
e
m
u
s
ical
o
r
ig
in
a
n
d
r
asa
s
ig
n
if
ies
th
e
e
m
o
tio
n
al
ess
en
ce
o
f
m
u
s
ic.
T
h
is
d
ir
ec
t
co
n
n
ec
tio
n
b
etwe
en
m
u
s
ic
an
d
em
o
tio
n
s
h
as
b
ee
n
well
-
estab
lis
h
ed
.
Ko
d
u
r
i
a
n
d
I
n
d
u
r
k
h
y
a
[
9
]
,
a
n
au
th
o
r
d
ev
elo
p
ed
a
co
n
ten
t
-
b
ase
d
,
cu
ltu
r
e
-
s
p
ec
if
ic
m
u
s
ic
r
ec
o
m
m
en
d
atio
n
s
y
s
tem
.
E
r
k
k
ila
et
a
l.
[
1
0
]
d
escr
ib
e
a
r
esear
ch
p
r
o
ject
f
o
cu
s
ed
o
n
d
ev
elo
p
in
g
a
m
u
s
ic
an
aly
s
is
s
y
s
tem
f
o
r
clin
ical
m
u
s
ic
th
er
ap
y
.
Mu
s
ic
th
er
ap
y
b
ased
o
n
I
C
M
is
a
h
ig
h
ly
ef
f
e
ctiv
e
t
r
ea
tm
en
t
f
o
r
m
en
tal
illn
ess
es
an
d
co
n
tr
ib
u
t
es
s
ig
n
if
ican
tly
to
m
en
tal
h
ea
l
th
m
an
ag
em
e
n
t
[
1
1
]
.
Pap
er
[
1
2
]
p
r
o
v
id
es
d
etailed
in
s
ig
h
ts
in
to
v
ar
io
u
s
R
ag
a
s
an
d
th
eir
co
r
r
esp
o
n
d
in
g
th
er
ap
e
u
tic
b
en
ef
its
.
Su
et
a
l.
[
1
3
]
i
n
tr
o
d
u
ce
th
e
co
n
ce
p
t
o
f
m
u
s
ic
r
ec
o
m
m
e
n
d
at
io
n
u
s
in
g
co
n
ten
t
an
d
c
o
n
tex
t
i
n
f
o
r
m
atio
n
m
in
i
n
g
.
A
d
d
itio
n
ally
,
[
1
4
]
in
tr
o
d
u
ce
s
a
co
n
tex
t
-
awa
r
e
m
o
b
ile
MRS
tailo
r
ed
f
o
r
d
aily
ac
tiv
ities
.
Ad
r
ian
o
et
a
l.
[
1
5
]
p
r
o
p
o
s
e
a
m
o
d
elin
g
tech
n
iq
u
e
an
d
a
p
r
ac
tical
to
o
l
th
at
f
o
r
m
alize
m
u
s
ic
co
m
p
o
s
itio
n
r
u
les.
Ad
d
iti
o
n
a
lly
,
[
1
5
]
d
is
cu
s
s
es
m
u
s
ic
an
aly
s
is
u
s
in
g
m
u
s
ic
Petr
i
n
et
s
an
d
in
co
r
p
o
r
ates
Sch
o
en
b
er
g
’
s
r
u
les.
C
h
ak
r
ab
ar
ty
et
a
l.
[
1
6
]
,
a
m
eth
o
d
f
o
r
d
eter
m
in
in
g
th
e
s
im
ilar
ity
b
etwe
en
two
s
o
n
g
s
in
v
o
lv
es
co
m
p
ar
in
g
th
e
n
o
tes
an
d
f
u
n
d
a
m
en
tal
f
r
e
q
u
en
cie
s
,
em
p
lo
y
in
g
Pear
s
o
n
’
s
C
o
r
r
elatio
n
C
o
ef
f
icien
t.
Fu
r
th
er
m
o
r
e
,
[
1
7
]
i
n
tr
o
d
u
ce
s
a
web
-
b
ased
a
p
p
licatio
n
f
o
r
g
en
er
atin
g
a
n
d
d
o
wn
lo
a
d
in
g
s
o
n
g
lis
ts
tailo
r
ed
to
u
s
er
s
'
ag
e
g
r
o
u
p
s
.
T
h
is
ap
p
licatio
n
r
ec
o
m
m
e
n
d
s
s
o
n
g
s
f
r
o
m
a
n
o
n
lin
e
m
u
s
ic
lib
r
a
r
y
b
ased
o
n
u
s
er
p
r
ef
er
en
ce
s
a
n
d
ca
teg
o
r
izes u
n
f
am
iliar
s
o
n
g
s
b
ased
o
n
u
s
er
r
ev
iews.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
d
o
n
esian
J
E
lec
E
n
g
&
C
o
m
p
Sci
I
SS
N:
2502
-
4
7
5
2
A
n
in
n
o
v
a
tive
a
p
p
r
o
a
ch
t
o
R
a
g
a
p
a
tter
n
id
e
n
tifi
ca
tio
n
(
S
u
d
i
p
ta
C
h
a
kra
b
a
r
ty
)
1867
R
esear
ch
in
m
u
s
ical
au
to
m
atio
n
an
d
s
o
cial
n
etwo
r
k
an
aly
s
is
h
as
f
lo
u
r
is
h
ed
in
r
ec
en
t
y
ea
r
s
,
co
n
tr
ib
u
tin
g
s
ig
n
if
ica
n
tly
to
t
h
e
au
to
m
atio
n
o
f
m
u
s
ic
cr
ea
t
io
n
p
r
o
ce
s
s
es
an
d
t
h
eir
a
n
aly
s
is
.
C
h
o
r
d
ia
[
1
8
]
,
a
n
o
v
el
r
ag
class
if
icatio
n
m
eth
o
d
b
ased
o
n
s
p
ec
tr
ally
d
er
iv
e
d
to
n
es
,
is
in
tr
o
d
u
ce
d
,
ac
h
iev
in
g
1
0
0
%
ac
cu
r
ac
y
th
r
o
u
g
h
to
n
e
p
r
o
f
iles
,
wh
i
ch
a
r
e
h
is
to
g
r
am
s
o
f
n
o
te
v
al
u
es
weig
h
ted
b
y
th
eir
d
u
r
atio
n
s
.
T
o
n
al
m
o
d
u
latio
n
is
ex
p
lo
r
ed
t
h
r
o
u
g
h
g
r
ap
h
t
h
eo
r
y
in
[
1
9
]
,
lev
er
a
g
in
g
co
n
ce
p
ts
lik
e
g
r
ap
h
c
o
n
n
ec
tiv
ity
,
g
r
o
u
p
s
tr
u
ctu
r
es,
g
r
ap
h
co
lo
r
in
g
,
m
etr
ics,
Ham
ilto
n
ia
n
p
ath
s
,
a
n
d
E
u
ler
t
o
u
r
s
to
ad
d
r
ess
m
u
s
ical
ch
allen
g
es
s
u
ch
as
m
o
d
u
latio
n
s
eq
u
en
ce
s
an
d
ch
o
r
d
p
r
o
g
r
ess
io
n
s
.
Sh
etty
an
d
Ach
ar
y
a
[
2
0
]
p
r
o
p
o
s
e
an
au
to
m
ated
s
y
s
tem
f
o
r
d
eter
m
i
n
in
g
th
e
R
ag
a
n
am
e
in
I
C
M
f
r
o
m
au
d
i
o
f
iles
,
em
p
lo
y
in
g
n
o
te
tr
a
n
s
cr
ip
tio
n
an
d
a
r
tific
ial
n
eu
r
al
n
etwo
r
k
s
to
an
aly
ze
ascen
d
in
g
an
d
d
escen
d
in
g
n
o
te
p
atter
n
s
.
Pan
d
ey
et
a
l.
[
2
1
]
,
"T
ANSE
N,
"
an
au
to
m
ated
s
y
s
tem
b
ased
o
n
Hid
d
en
Ma
r
k
o
v
Mo
d
els,
ef
f
ec
tiv
ely
id
en
tifie
s
R
ag
a
s
f
r
o
m
au
d
i
o
s
am
p
les.
Ad
d
itio
n
al
ly
,
[
2
2
]
p
r
esen
ts
a
s
y
s
tem
u
s
in
g
s
u
p
p
o
r
t
v
ec
to
r
m
ac
h
in
es
(
SVM)
,
m
ax
im
u
m
a
p
o
s
ter
i
o
r
i
(
MA
P)
m
e
th
o
d
s
,
m
u
ltiv
ar
iate
lik
elih
o
o
d
m
o
d
els
(
MV
N)
,
a
n
d
R
an
d
o
m
Fo
r
ests
f
o
r
d
ir
e
ct
R
ag
a
r
ec
o
g
n
itio
n
f
r
o
m
au
d
io
s
ig
n
als.
T
h
ese
ad
v
an
ce
m
e
n
ts
u
n
d
er
s
co
r
e
th
e
in
ter
s
ec
tio
n
o
f
m
u
s
ic
th
e
o
r
y
with
c
o
m
p
u
tatio
n
al
tec
h
n
iq
u
es,
en
h
an
cin
g
u
n
d
er
s
tan
d
i
n
g
an
d
ap
p
licatio
n
ac
r
o
s
s
m
u
s
ical
d
o
m
ain
s
.
A
n
o
v
el
m
eth
o
d
lev
er
a
g
in
g
o
b
ject
-
o
r
ien
te
d
m
o
d
elin
g
is
in
tr
o
d
u
ce
d
in
[
2
3
]
to
class
if
y
v
ar
io
u
s
m
elo
d
io
u
s
au
d
io
s
tr
ea
m
s
in
to
s
p
ec
if
ic
f
ea
tu
r
ed
class
es.
T
h
ese
class
e
s
ar
e
d
is
tin
g
u
is
h
ed
b
y
u
n
i
q
u
e
m
u
s
ical
p
r
o
p
er
ties
,
en
a
b
lin
g
th
e
cla
s
s
i
f
icatio
n
o
f
p
iece
s
in
to
d
if
f
er
en
t
s
u
b
class
es,
ad
d
r
ess
in
g
th
e
co
m
p
lex
ca
teg
o
r
izatio
n
ch
allen
g
es
p
o
s
ed
b
y
th
e
b
r
ea
d
th
o
f
I
C
M
.
Fu
r
th
er
m
o
r
e
,
[
2
4
]
d
escr
ib
es
an
ef
f
icien
t
s
y
s
tem
ca
p
ab
le
o
f
au
to
m
atica
lly
e
x
tr
ac
tin
g
th
e
m
ain
m
u
s
ic
f
r
o
m
p
o
ly
p
h
o
n
ic
r
ec
o
r
d
i
n
g
s
.
T
h
is
a
p
p
r
o
ac
h
f
o
c
u
s
es
o
n
cr
ea
tin
g
an
d
class
if
y
in
g
p
itch
co
n
to
u
r
f
iles
,
m
in
im
izin
g
e
r
r
o
r
s
in
v
o
ice
d
etec
tio
n
with
in
th
e
r
ec
o
r
d
i
n
g
s
.
T
h
e
in
ter
s
ec
tio
n
o
f
m
ath
em
ati
cs
an
d
m
u
s
ic
h
as
b
ee
n
a
s
u
b
j
ec
t
o
f
s
tu
d
y
f
o
r
ce
n
tu
r
ies,
wit
h
s
ch
o
lar
s
s
u
ch
as
Py
th
ag
o
r
as
an
d
Helm
h
o
lt
z
lay
in
g
f
o
u
n
d
atio
n
al
th
eo
r
ies
th
at
d
escr
ib
e
th
e
m
ath
em
atica
l
p
r
in
cip
les
u
n
d
er
ly
i
n
g
m
u
s
ical
h
ar
m
o
n
y
an
d
ac
o
u
s
tics
.
Py
th
ag
o
r
as'
d
is
co
v
er
y
o
f
n
u
m
er
ical
r
elatio
n
s
h
ip
s
b
etwe
en
th
e
len
g
th
s
o
f
s
tr
in
g
s
an
d
th
e
p
itch
th
ey
p
r
o
d
u
ce
in
itiated
a
m
ath
em
atica
l
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
to
u
n
d
er
s
tan
d
in
g
m
u
s
ic,
wh
ich
h
as
s
in
ce
ev
o
lv
ed
th
r
o
u
g
h
v
a
r
io
u
s
d
is
cip
lin
es
[
2
5
]
.
T
h
e
s
y
s
tem
o
f
e
q
u
al
tem
p
er
am
e
n
t,
wh
er
e
a
n
o
cta
v
e
is
d
iv
id
ed
in
to
1
2
e
q
u
al
s
em
ito
n
es,
h
as
b
ee
n
th
e
s
tan
d
ar
d
in
W
ester
n
m
u
s
ic
s
in
ce
th
e
1
8
th
ce
n
t
u
r
y
.
T
h
is
s
y
s
tem
allo
ws
f
o
r
th
e
ea
s
y
tr
an
s
p
o
s
itio
n
o
f
m
u
s
ic
an
d
co
n
s
is
ten
t
tu
n
in
g
ac
r
o
s
s
d
if
f
e
r
en
t
k
ey
s
,
b
u
t
it
is
n
o
t
with
o
u
t its
cr
itics
[
2
6
]
.
3.
B
AS
I
C
T
E
R
M
I
NO
L
O
G
I
E
S
Her
e
is
a
tab
le
li
s
tin
g
s
o
m
e
co
m
m
o
n
ter
m
in
o
lo
g
ies
r
elate
d
to
R
ag
a
s
in
I
C
M
in
T
ab
le
1
.
T
h
ese
ter
m
in
o
lo
g
ies
p
r
o
v
id
e
a
f
o
u
n
d
atio
n
al
u
n
d
e
r
s
tan
d
in
g
o
f
th
e
k
ey
co
n
ce
p
ts
an
d
co
m
p
o
n
en
ts
th
at
f
o
r
m
th
e
s
tr
u
ctu
r
e
an
d
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
o
f
R
ag
a
s
in
I
C
M
.
T
ab
le
1
.
E
x
p
er
im
en
t
al
v
alu
es
o
f
s
ev
en
n
o
tes
Te
r
mi
n
o
l
o
g
y
D
e
scri
p
t
i
o
n
R
a
g
a
A
mel
o
d
i
c
f
r
a
mew
o
r
k
i
n
I
C
M
t
h
a
t
u
se
s a
s
p
e
c
i
f
i
c
s
e
t
o
f
n
o
t
e
s
t
o
c
r
e
a
t
e
a
p
a
r
t
i
c
u
l
a
r
m
o
o
d
o
r
e
m
o
t
i
o
n
.
Th
a
a
t
o
r
R
a
g
a
O
r
i
g
i
n
A
p
a
r
e
n
t
sc
a
l
e
o
r
m
o
d
e
f
r
o
m
w
h
i
c
h
R
a
g
a
s a
r
e
d
e
r
i
v
e
d
.
Th
e
r
e
a
r
e
t
e
n
p
r
i
m
a
r
y
T
h
a
a
t
s
i
n
H
i
n
d
u
s
t
a
n
i
mu
si
c
.
S
w
a
r
a
s
o
r
N
o
t
e
s
Th
e
se
v
e
n
b
a
s
i
c
n
o
t
e
s
i
n
I
n
d
i
a
n
mu
s
i
c
:
S
a
(
S
h
a
d
j
a
)
,
R
e
(
R
i
s
h
a
b
h
)
,
G
a
(
G
a
n
d
h
a
r
)
,
M
a
(
M
a
d
h
y
a
m)
,
P
a
(
P
a
n
c
h
a
m)
,
D
h
a
(
D
h
a
i
v
a
t
)
,
N
i
(
N
i
s
h
a
d
)
.
A
r
o
h
a
n
a
o
r
A
sce
n
d
i
n
g
N
o
t
e
s
Th
e
a
s
c
e
n
d
i
n
g
s
c
a
l
e
o
f
a
R
a
g
a
.
A
v
a
r
o
h
a
n
a
o
r
D
e
sc
e
n
d
i
n
g
N
o
t
e
s
Th
e
d
e
sc
e
n
d
i
n
g
s
c
a
l
e
o
f
a
R
a
g
a
.
V
a
d
i
o
r
M
o
st
I
mp
o
r
t
a
n
t
N
o
t
e
Th
e
mo
st
i
m
p
o
r
t
a
n
t
o
r
p
r
o
mi
n
e
n
t
n
o
t
e
i
n
a
R
a
g
a
.
S
a
mv
a
d
i
o
r
2
n
d
M
o
st
I
mp
o
r
t
a
n
t
N
o
t
e
Th
e
se
c
o
n
d
m
o
st
i
m
p
o
r
t
a
n
t
n
o
t
e
i
n
a
R
a
g
a
,
o
f
t
e
n
a
p
e
r
f
e
c
t
f
o
u
r
t
h
o
r
f
i
f
t
h
f
r
o
m
t
h
e
V
a
d
i
.
S
h
r
u
t
i
o
r
S
c
a
l
e
M
i
c
r
o
t
o
n
a
l
p
i
t
c
h
e
s
t
h
a
t
l
i
e
b
e
t
w
e
e
n
t
h
e
ma
i
n
n
o
t
e
s,
u
s
e
d
t
o
e
n
h
a
n
c
e
t
h
e
s
u
b
t
l
e
n
u
a
n
c
e
s
o
f
a
R
a
g
a
.
F
a
st
f
o
u
r
i
e
r
t
r
a
n
sf
o
r
m
(
F
F
T)
Th
e
F
F
T
i
s a
n
a
l
g
o
r
i
t
h
m
d
e
si
g
n
e
d
t
o
e
f
f
i
c
i
e
n
t
l
y
c
a
l
c
u
l
a
t
e
t
h
e
D
F
T
a
n
d
i
t
s
i
n
v
e
r
se
.
T
h
e
D
F
T
i
s a
mat
h
e
m
a
t
i
c
a
l
m
e
t
h
o
d
t
h
a
t
c
o
n
v
e
r
t
s
a
seri
e
s
o
f
c
o
mp
l
e
x
n
u
mb
e
r
s fr
o
m
t
h
e
t
i
me
d
o
m
a
i
n
i
n
t
o
a
c
o
r
r
e
s
p
o
n
d
i
n
g
se
q
u
e
n
c
e
i
n
t
h
e
f
r
e
q
u
e
n
c
y
d
o
mai
n
.
W
h
e
n
a
p
p
l
i
e
d
t
o
mu
s
i
c
n
o
t
e
i
d
e
n
t
i
f
i
c
a
t
i
o
n
,
F
F
T
a
n
a
l
y
z
e
s
t
h
e
f
r
e
q
u
e
n
c
i
e
s
w
i
t
h
i
n
a
n
a
u
d
i
o
s
i
g
n
a
l
t
o
d
e
t
e
r
mi
n
e
t
h
e
s
p
e
c
i
f
i
c
m
u
si
c
a
l
n
o
t
e
s
b
e
i
n
g
p
l
a
y
e
d
.
F
u
n
d
a
m
e
n
t
a
l
f
r
e
q
u
e
n
c
y
mea
s
u
r
e
me
n
t
(
F
F
M
)
FFM
i
s
a
c
r
u
c
i
a
l
c
o
n
c
e
p
t
i
n
v
a
r
i
o
u
s fi
e
l
d
s l
i
k
e
a
c
o
u
s
t
i
c
s,
mu
s
i
c
,
s
p
e
e
c
h
p
r
o
c
e
ssi
n
g
,
a
n
d
si
g
n
a
l
p
r
o
c
e
ss
i
n
g
.
FFM
i
s
c
r
u
c
i
a
l
f
o
r
d
e
t
e
r
m
i
n
i
n
g
t
h
e
p
i
t
c
h
o
f
m
u
si
c
a
l
n
o
t
e
s
.
4.
P
RO
P
O
SE
D
M
E
T
H
O
D
T
h
e
o
r
i
g
in
o
f
a
R
ag
a
ca
n
b
e
i
d
en
tifie
d
b
y
r
ec
o
g
n
izin
g
th
e
g
r
o
u
p
o
f
n
o
tes
th
at
c
o
m
p
r
is
e
it.
E
ac
h
R
ag
a
is
d
er
iv
ed
f
r
o
m
a
s
p
ec
if
ic
R
a
g
a
o
r
i
g
in
,
o
r
th
aa
t.
M
u
ltip
le
R
ag
a
s
ca
n
s
h
ar
e
t
h
e
s
am
e
R
a
g
a
o
r
i
g
in
,
s
im
ilar
to
h
o
w
o
b
jects
in
o
b
ject
-
o
r
ie
n
te
d
p
r
o
g
r
am
m
i
n
g
s
h
ar
e
p
r
o
p
er
t
ies
o
f
th
ei
r
class
.
I
n
th
is
an
alo
g
y
,
th
e
th
aa
t
is
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
5
0
2
-
4
7
5
2
I
n
d
o
n
esian
J
E
lec
E
n
g
&
C
o
m
p
Sci
,
Vo
l.
39
,
No
.
3
,
Sep
tem
b
er
20
25
:
1
8
6
5
-
1
8
7
6
1868
r
ep
r
esen
ted
as
a
class
.
Dif
f
er
en
t
th
aa
ts
lik
e
B
ilawal,
Asav
ar
i,
B
h
air
av
i,
a
n
d
B
h
air
a
v
ar
e
o
b
jects
o
f
t
h
e
th
aa
t
class
,
s
h
ar
in
g
co
m
m
o
n
p
r
o
p
e
r
ties
.
Ho
wev
er
,
id
en
tify
i
n
g
a
th
aa
t
r
eq
u
ir
es
ex
tr
a
ctin
g
its
co
n
s
titu
en
t
n
o
tes,
n
ec
ess
itatin
g
th
e
class
if
icatio
n
o
f
n
o
te
g
r
o
u
p
s
as
a
class
.
Sp
ec
if
ic
s
eq
u
en
ce
s
o
f
n
o
tes
th
en
b
ec
o
m
e
o
b
jects
o
f
th
is
n
o
te
class
.
I
n
th
is
s
y
s
tem
,
id
en
tify
i
n
g
a
p
a
r
ticu
lar
R
ag
a
p
atter
n
with
in
a
s
o
n
g
is
cr
u
cial.
T
h
e
f
o
llo
win
g
p
r
o
ce
d
u
r
e
o
u
tlin
es th
e
s
tep
s
in
v
o
l
v
ed
i
n
r
ec
o
g
n
izin
g
R
ag
a
p
a
tter
n
s
:
a)
No
te
ex
tr
ac
tio
n
:
e
x
tr
ac
t t
h
e
n
o
tes f
r
o
m
th
e
g
i
v
en
au
d
io
f
ile.
b)
Seq
u
en
ce
id
en
tific
atio
n
:
i
d
en
tify
s
eq
u
en
ce
s
o
f
n
o
tes
th
at
co
r
r
esp
o
n
d
to
k
n
o
wn
R
ag
a
p
atter
n
s
.
T
h
e
p
r
o
ce
s
s
o
f
s
eq
u
en
ce
id
en
tific
atio
n
in
v
o
lv
es
r
ec
o
g
n
izin
g
a
n
d
p
in
p
o
i
n
tin
g
s
p
ec
if
ic
s
eq
u
en
ce
s
o
f
m
u
s
ical
n
o
tes
th
at
m
atch
estab
lis
h
ed
R
ag
a
p
atter
n
s
.
T
h
is
is
ac
h
iev
ed
th
r
o
u
g
h
t
h
e
m
ea
s
u
r
em
e
n
t
an
d
an
aly
s
is
o
f
th
e
f
u
n
d
am
en
tal
f
r
e
q
u
en
c
y
o
f
ea
ch
n
o
te,
a
m
eth
o
d
k
n
o
wn
as
FFM
.
c)
T
h
at
class
if
icatio
n
:
b
y
em
p
l
o
y
in
g
FF
M,
o
n
e
ca
n
ac
cu
r
atel
y
d
eter
m
in
e
t
h
e
p
itc
h
o
f
ea
c
h
n
o
te,
allo
win
g
f
o
r
a
d
etailed
co
m
p
ar
is
o
n
with
th
e
ch
a
r
ac
ter
is
tic
s
eq
u
en
ce
p
atter
n
s
o
f
v
ar
i
o
u
s
R
ag
a
s
.
C
las
s
if
y
th
ese
s
eq
u
en
ce
s
to
d
eter
m
in
e
th
e
u
n
d
er
ly
in
g
t
h
aa
t.
d)
Patter
n
r
ec
o
g
n
itio
n
:
m
atch
th
e
id
en
tifie
d
n
o
te
s
eq
u
en
ce
s
with
ex
is
tin
g
R
ag
a
p
atter
n
s
to
r
ec
o
g
n
ize
th
e
s
p
ec
if
ic
R
ag
a
.
e)
Valid
atio
n
:
t
o
en
s
u
r
e
th
e
ac
cu
r
ac
y
o
f
th
e
id
en
tifie
d
R
ag
a
n
a
m
e
f
o
r
a
g
iv
en
s
o
n
g
,
o
n
e
ca
n
u
tili
ze
th
e
FF
T
o
its
co
n
s
titu
en
t
f
r
eq
u
en
cies.
T
h
is
an
aly
s
is
ca
n
b
e
co
n
d
u
cted
d
ir
ec
tly
th
r
o
u
g
h
W
av
esu
r
f
er
,
an
o
p
e
n
-
s
o
u
r
ce
s
o
f
twar
e
d
esig
n
e
d
f
o
r
au
d
io
a
n
aly
s
is
.
W
av
esu
r
f
er
p
r
o
v
id
es
a
u
s
er
-
f
r
ien
d
l
y
in
t
er
f
ac
e
a
n
d
a
p
o
m
eth
o
d
f
o
r
v
alid
atio
n
.
T
h
is
p
r
o
ce
s
s
in
v
o
l
v
es
an
aly
zin
g
t
h
e
au
d
io
f
ile
b
y
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
in
g
its
tim
e
-
d
o
m
ai
n
s
ig
n
al
in
to
th
e
f
r
eq
u
en
c
y
d
o
m
ain
u
s
in
g
FF
T
,
a
m
ath
em
atica
l
tech
n
iq
u
e
th
at
d
ec
o
m
p
o
s
es th
e
au
d
io
s
ig
n
al
in
twer
f
u
l
to
o
ls
f
o
r
v
is
u
alizin
g
an
d
e
x
am
in
in
g
th
e
f
r
eq
u
e
n
cy
s
p
ec
tr
a
o
f
au
d
io
f
iles
.
B
y
lev
er
ag
in
g
W
av
esu
r
f
er
'
s
ca
p
ab
ilit
ies,
o
n
e
ca
n
m
eticu
lo
u
s
ly
c
o
m
p
ar
e
th
e
id
e
n
tifie
d
R
ag
a
p
at
ter
n
s
ag
ain
s
t
th
e
s
p
ec
tr
al
d
ata
o
b
tain
ed
f
r
o
m
th
e
FF
T
,
en
s
u
r
in
g
th
at
th
e
i
d
en
t
if
ied
R
ag
a
ac
cu
r
ately
m
atch
es
th
e
m
u
s
ical
ch
ar
ac
ter
is
tics
p
r
esen
t in
th
e
a
u
d
io
f
ile.
T
h
is
s
tr
u
ctu
r
ed
a
p
p
r
o
ac
h
e
n
s
u
r
es
ac
cu
r
ate
i
d
en
tific
atio
n
o
f
R
ag
a
s
b
y
m
eth
o
d
ically
an
a
ly
zin
g
th
e
m
u
s
ical
co
m
p
o
n
en
ts
.
5.
AL
G
O
RI
T
H
M
1
:
RAG
A
P
AT
T
E
RN
M
A
T
CH
I
NG
T
h
e
alg
o
r
ith
m
id
en
tifie
s
th
e
R
ag
a
o
f
a
g
iv
en
s
o
n
g
b
y
ex
t
r
ac
tin
g
its
s
ev
en
f
u
n
d
am
en
tal
f
r
eq
u
e
n
cies
u
s
in
g
th
e
f
r
eq
u
en
c
y
f
ilter
in
g
m
eth
o
d
(
FF
M)
an
d
p
er
f
o
r
m
in
g
an
FF
T
-
b
ased
an
aly
s
is
.
I
t
b
eg
in
s
b
y
in
itializin
g
an
ar
r
a
y
(
S1
Fi[]
)
co
n
tain
in
g
th
e
ex
tr
ac
ted
f
r
eq
u
en
cies
an
d
d
eter
m
in
in
g
th
eir
o
cc
u
r
r
en
ce
co
u
n
t.
T
h
e
Vaa
d
i
(
m
o
s
t
f
r
eq
u
en
t)
a
n
d
Sam
v
aa
d
i
(
s
ec
o
n
d
m
o
s
t
f
r
eq
u
en
t)
n
o
tes
ar
e
id
en
tifie
d
,
wh
ile
th
e
r
e
m
ain
in
g
f
i
v
e
n
o
tes
ar
e
d
er
iv
ed
u
s
in
g
a
m
ath
e
m
atica
l
p
itch
r
atio
f
o
r
m
u
la.
T
h
e
FF
T
is
th
en
ap
p
lied
t
o
r
e
f
in
e
n
o
te
i
d
en
tific
atio
n
,
an
d
a
No
te
-
er
r
o
r
p
er
ce
n
tag
e
is
ca
lcu
lated
.
I
f
th
e
er
r
o
r
is
≤
5
%,
th
e
alg
o
r
ith
m
co
n
f
ir
m
s
a
R
ag
a
p
atter
n
m
atch
;
o
th
er
wis
e,
it
d
ec
lar
es
n
o
m
at
ch
,
en
s
u
r
in
g
a
s
tr
u
ctu
r
ed
co
m
p
u
tat
io
n
al
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
to
R
ag
a
r
ec
o
g
n
itio
n
.
T
h
e
co
m
p
u
tatio
n
al
s
tep
s
o
f
Alg
o
r
it
h
m
1
ar
e
g
iv
en
:
Alg
o
r
ith
m
1
.
R
ag
a
p
atter
n
m
at
ch
in
g
input:
a song
OUTPUT:
Raga
name of the song
Function:
Returns the seven fundamental frequencies using FFM
1.
START
2.
INITIALIZE
S1Fi[] = {S1Fi[0], S1Fi[1], S1Fi[2], ..., S1Fi[n
-
1]}
3.
SET
length = sizeof(S1Fi) / sizeof(S1Fi[0])
4.
DEFINE
OR[length] // OR is the array for counting occurrences
5.
SET
visited =
-
1
6.
SET
i = 0
7.
WHILE
i < length
DO
1.
SET
count = 1
2.
SET
j = 0
3.
WHILE
j < length
DO
1.
IF
S1Fi[i] == S1Fi[j]
THEN
1.
count++
2.
OR[j] = visited
2.
END IF
3.
j = j + 1
4.
END WHILE
5.
IF
OR[i] != visited
THEN
OR[i] = count
6.
i = i + 1
8.
END WHILE
9.
SET
i = 0
10.
WHILE
i
< length
DO
1.
IF
OR[i] != visited
THEN
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
d
o
n
esian
J
E
lec
E
n
g
&
C
o
m
p
Sci
I
SS
N:
2502
-
4
7
5
2
A
n
in
n
o
v
a
tive
a
p
p
r
o
a
ch
t
o
R
a
g
a
p
a
tter
n
id
e
n
tifi
ca
tio
n
(
S
u
d
i
p
ta
C
h
a
kra
b
a
r
ty
)
1869
1.
PRINT
S1Fi[i]
2.
PRINT
OR[i]
2.
END IF
3.
i = i + 1
11.
END WHILE
12.
SET
VAADI_Note to the maximum occurring element of S1Fi[]
13.
SET
SAMVAADI_Note
to the second maximum occurring element of S1Fi[]
14.
FIND
the other 5 notes using the formula: NPV = (PPV * NR) / PR
Where:
NPV = Next Pitch Value
PPV = Previous Pitch Value
NR = Next Ratio
PR = Previous Ratio
15.
FIND
notes using FFT
16.
CALCULATE
Note
-
error %
17.
IF
N
ote
-
error % ≤ 5
THEN
PRINT
"
Raga
pattern matched"
ELSE
PRINT
"
Raga
pattern not matched"
18.
END
6.
RE
SU
L
T
S AN
D
D
I
SCU
SS
I
O
N
W
h
ile
in
ea
r
lier
s
tu
d
ies
,
all
m
u
s
ical
n
o
tes
o
r
ch
o
r
d
s
ar
e
r
ec
o
r
d
ed
in
d
ig
ital
f
o
r
m
at,
an
d
th
eir
Fo
u
r
ier
s
p
ec
tr
a
v
ar
y
b
u
t
th
is
c
u
r
r
e
n
t
s
tu
d
y
is
u
s
ed
t
o
c
o
m
p
u
te
t
h
ese
s
p
ec
tr
a
wh
ich
is
ca
lled
FF
T
.
E
ac
h
n
o
te'
s
f
r
eq
u
e
n
cy
r
atio
,
as
lis
ted
in
T
ab
le
2
o
f
th
e
twelv
e
-
n
o
te
s
y
s
tem
,
is
u
s
ed
i
n
th
e
an
aly
s
is
.
U
s
in
g
th
e
W
av
ePad
So
u
n
d
E
d
ito
r
s
o
f
twar
e,
FF
T
an
aly
s
is
was
p
er
f
o
r
m
ed
.
T
h
e
r
esu
lts
f
r
o
m
th
is
an
al
y
s
is
wer
e
co
m
p
a
r
ed
with
ca
lcu
lated
v
alu
es
to
d
eter
m
in
e
th
eir
ac
cu
r
ac
y
,
wh
ich
is
d
is
cu
s
s
ed
in
th
e
f
o
llo
win
g
s
ec
tio
n
.
Fig
u
r
e
1
s
h
o
ws
th
e
wav
e
f
o
r
m
s
o
f
wav
ele
n
g
th
s
w
1
an
d
w2
,
r
esp
ec
tiv
ely
.
T
h
ese
d
iag
r
am
s
clea
r
ly
illu
s
tr
ate
th
at,
with
a
co
n
s
tan
t
v
elo
city
,
wav
ele
n
g
th
is
in
v
er
s
ely
p
r
o
p
o
r
tio
n
al
to
f
r
e
q
u
en
c
y
.
Ad
d
itio
n
ally
,
th
ey
d
em
o
n
s
tr
ate
th
at
f
r
eq
u
e
n
c
y
ca
n
ch
an
g
e
ev
en
wh
en
am
p
litu
d
e
r
em
ain
s
c
o
n
s
tan
t.
T
ab
le
2
.
E
x
p
er
im
en
tal
v
alu
es
o
f
s
ev
en
n
o
tes
N
o
t
e
Sa
re
Ga
Ma
Pa
d
h
a
Ni
F
r
e
q
u
e
n
c
y
1
9
3
2
0
3
2
2
9
2
5
7
2
9
0
3
0
5
3
4
3
Fig
u
r
e
1
.
W
av
ef
o
r
m
o
f
th
e
wa
v
elen
g
th
w1
(
a
is
am
p
litu
d
e)
a
n
d
W
av
ef
o
r
m
o
f
t
h
e
wav
elen
g
th
w2
(
a
is
am
p
litu
d
e)
T
h
e
r
elatio
n
s
h
ip
b
etwe
en
v
elo
city
(
V)
,
wav
elen
g
th
(
W
)
,
an
d
f
r
eq
u
e
n
cy
(
F)
is
g
i
v
en
b
y
th
e
f
o
r
m
u
la:
=
(
1
)
w
h
er
e
V
=
v
elo
city
,
W
=
w
av
elen
g
th
,
an
d
F =
f
r
e
q
u
en
c
y
(
c
y
cles p
er
s
ec
o
n
d
)
.
Fig
u
r
e
2
s
h
o
ws
th
e
m
ax
im
u
m
am
p
litu
d
e
o
f
a
wav
ef
o
r
m
,
in
d
icatin
g
th
e
h
ig
h
est
p
ea
k
am
p
litu
d
e.
Fig
u
r
e
3
illu
s
tr
ates
th
e
h
ig
h
e
s
t
f
r
eq
u
en
cy
o
f
t
h
e
m
ax
im
u
m
am
p
litu
d
e.
I
n
th
is
g
r
ap
h
,
th
e
X
-
ax
is
r
ep
r
esen
ts
am
p
litu
d
es
r
an
g
in
g
f
r
o
m
-
1
2
8
d
B
to
0
d
B
,
wh
ile
th
e
Y
-
ax
is
r
ep
r
esen
ts
tim
e.
T
h
e
n
o
tes
u
s
ed
in
th
e
ascen
t
an
d
d
escen
t o
f
R
aa
g
B
h
air
av
i a
r
e
Sa,
r
e,
G
a,
M
a,
P
a,
d
h
a,
N
i.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
5
0
2
-
4
7
5
2
I
n
d
o
n
esian
J
E
lec
E
n
g
&
C
o
m
p
Sci
,
Vo
l.
39
,
No
.
3
,
Sep
tem
b
er
20
25
:
1
8
6
5
-
1
8
7
6
1870
Fig
u
r
e
2
.
T
h
e
m
ax
im
u
m
am
p
litu
d
e
o
f
a
wav
ef
o
r
m
Fig
u
r
e
3
.
Hig
h
est f
r
eq
u
e
n
cy
o
f
th
e
m
ax
im
u
m
am
p
litu
d
e
Fro
m
Fig
u
r
e
4
,
th
e
s
eg
m
en
ts
co
r
r
esp
o
n
d
in
g
to
all
eig
h
t
n
o
tes
ar
e
id
en
tifie
d
.
Fig
u
r
e
5
d
is
p
lay
th
e
p
r
esen
ce
o
f
ea
ch
n
o
te
with
in
th
e
wav
ef
o
r
m
.
T
h
e
s
eg
m
en
ts
o
f
ea
ch
n
o
te
in
th
e
wav
ef
o
r
m
ar
e
d
eter
m
in
ed
b
y
lis
ten
in
g
to
th
e
s
o
n
g
.
As
illu
s
tr
ated
in
Fig
u
r
e
5
,
t
h
e
h
ig
h
est
am
p
litu
d
e
o
f
ea
c
h
n
o
te'
s
s
eg
m
en
t
d
eter
m
in
es
th
e
m
ax
im
u
m
in
ten
s
ity
.
T
h
e
h
ig
h
est
f
r
eq
u
en
cy
v
al
u
e
am
o
n
g
th
e
v
ar
io
u
s
f
r
eq
u
en
cies
co
n
tr
ib
u
tin
g
to
th
e
lar
g
es
t
am
p
litu
d
e
o
f
ea
ch
s
eg
m
en
t
is
co
n
s
id
er
ed
th
e
f
r
eq
u
en
cy
v
alu
e
o
f
th
at
n
o
te.
C
o
n
s
eq
u
en
tly
,
th
e
f
r
eq
u
en
cy
v
alu
e
o
f
th
e
n
o
te
‘
Sa’
is
d
eter
m
in
e
d
to
b
e
1
9
3
Hz,
as d
e
p
icted
in
Fi
g
u
r
e
6.
I
n
Fig
u
r
e
6
,
th
e
h
ig
h
est
f
r
e
q
u
en
cy
v
alu
e
am
o
n
g
all
th
e
f
r
eq
u
en
cies
co
n
tr
i
b
u
tin
g
to
th
e
lar
g
est
am
p
litu
d
e
o
f
a
g
iv
e
n
s
eg
m
en
t
is
co
n
s
id
er
ed
th
e
f
r
eq
u
e
n
cy
v
alu
e
o
f
th
at
n
o
te.
Similar
ly
,
f
o
r
th
e
n
o
te
‘
r
e
,
’
th
e
f
r
eq
u
e
n
cy
v
alu
e
is
d
eter
m
in
e
d
to
b
e
2
0
3
Hz,
as
s
h
o
wn
in
Fig
u
r
e
7.
On
ce
a
g
ain
,
th
e
h
ig
h
est
f
r
eq
u
e
n
c
y
am
p
litu
d
e
is
tak
en
as
2
2
9
Hz,
d
esp
ite
th
e
r
eg
io
n
co
n
tain
in
g
an
o
th
er
h
ig
h
p
ea
k
am
p
litu
d
e
f
r
eq
u
e
n
cy
lev
el,
as
th
is
v
alu
e
e
x
ce
ed
s
th
e
v
o
ca
l
r
an
g
e.
C
o
n
s
eq
u
en
tly
,
th
e
f
r
e
q
u
en
cy
o
f
th
e
n
ex
t
n
o
te,
‘
Ga,
’
is
2
2
9
Hz,
as
s
h
o
wn
in
Fig
u
r
e
8.
T
h
e
r
em
ain
in
g
f
o
u
r
n
o
tes
—
'
Ma
,
'
'
Pa,
'
'
d
h
a,
'
a
n
d
'
Ni
'
—
ar
e
an
aly
ze
d
in
th
e
s
am
e
m
an
n
er
u
s
in
g
FF
T
.
T
h
e
ex
p
er
im
e
n
tal
v
alu
es
o
f
all
th
e
n
o
tes ar
e
p
r
o
v
id
e
d
i
n
T
ab
le
3
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
d
o
n
esian
J
E
lec
E
n
g
&
C
o
m
p
Sci
I
SS
N:
2502
-
4
7
5
2
A
n
in
n
o
v
a
tive
a
p
p
r
o
a
ch
t
o
R
a
g
a
p
a
tter
n
id
e
n
tifi
ca
tio
n
(
S
u
d
i
p
ta
C
h
a
kra
b
a
r
ty
)
1871
Fig
u
r
e
4
.
W
av
ef
o
r
m
o
f
ascen
t
an
d
d
escen
t o
f
r
aa
g
B
h
air
av
i
Fig
u
r
e
5
.
R
eg
io
n
o
f
ea
c
h
n
o
te
in
th
e
wav
ef
o
r
m
Fig
u
r
e
6
.
T
h
e
ex
p
er
im
en
tal
f
r
e
q
u
en
cy
v
alu
e
o
f
‘
Sa’
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
5
0
2
-
4
7
5
2
I
n
d
o
n
esian
J
E
lec
E
n
g
&
C
o
m
p
Sci
,
Vo
l.
39
,
No
.
3
,
Sep
tem
b
er
20
25
:
1
8
6
5
-
1
8
7
6
1872
Fig
u
r
e
7
.
T
h
e
ex
p
er
im
en
tal
f
r
e
q
u
en
cy
v
alu
e
o
f
n
o
te
‘
r
e’
Fig
u
r
e
8
.
Sh
o
win
g
th
e
e
x
p
er
i
m
en
tal
f
r
eq
u
en
cy
v
alu
e
o
f
n
o
t
e
‘
Ga’
T
ab
le
3
.
E
x
p
er
im
en
tal
f
r
eq
u
en
cy
v
alu
es o
f
all
n
o
tes u
s
in
g
FF
T
I
n
d
i
a
n
m
u
si
c
n
o
t
e
s
F
r
e
q
u
e
n
c
y
Sa
1
9
3
re
2
0
3
Ga
2
2
9
M
a
2
5
7
Pa
2
9
0
d
h
a
3
0
5
Ni
3
4
3
T
h
e
f
u
n
d
a
m
en
tal
f
r
eq
u
en
cy
r
a
n
g
e
is
1
0
0
–
5
0
0
Hz
f
o
r
m
ales
an
d
1
3
0
–
8
0
0
Hz
f
o
r
f
em
ales.
T
h
er
ef
o
r
e,
a
s
in
g
er
'
s
f
u
n
d
a
m
en
tal
f
r
eq
u
e
n
cy
ca
n
n
o
t
b
e
lo
wer
th
an
1
0
0
Hz.
I
d
e
n
tify
in
g
th
e
to
n
ic
'
Sa
'
o
r
'
Do
'
is
cr
u
cial,
as
th
ese
s
er
v
e
as
th
e
f
u
n
d
am
e
n
t
al
f
r
eq
u
en
cies
u
p
o
n
w
h
ic
h
al
l
o
th
er
n
o
tes
ar
e
b
ased
.
Usi
n
g
th
is
f
u
n
d
am
en
tal
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
d
o
n
esian
J
E
lec
E
n
g
&
C
o
m
p
Sci
I
SS
N:
2502
-
4
7
5
2
A
n
in
n
o
v
a
tive
a
p
p
r
o
a
ch
t
o
R
a
g
a
p
a
tter
n
id
e
n
tifi
ca
tio
n
(
S
u
d
i
p
ta
C
h
a
kra
b
a
r
ty
)
1873
f
r
eq
u
e
n
cy
,
th
e
ac
c
u
r
ac
y
o
f
th
e
s
in
g
er
'
s
p
itch
ca
n
b
e
ass
ess
ed
.
On
ce
th
e
to
n
ic
'
Sa'
is
id
en
tifie
d
,
th
e
o
th
e
r
n
o
tes
ca
n
b
e
d
eter
m
in
ed
u
s
in
g
th
e
f
r
eq
u
en
cy
r
atio
s
o
f
th
e
twelv
e
n
o
tes,
as d
etailed
in
T
ab
le
2.
T
h
is
s
tu
d
y
ex
p
lo
r
es a
co
m
p
r
eh
e
n
s
iv
e
f
ac
t
th
at
th
e
n
o
tes
o
f
a
s
o
n
g
with
th
e
h
ig
h
est
am
p
litu
d
e
ar
e
an
aly
ze
d
b
y
th
e
s
y
s
tem
.
W
h
en
a
u
s
er
in
p
u
ts
a
s
o
n
g
i
n
to
th
e
s
o
f
twar
e,
th
e
s
y
s
tem
in
ter
ac
ts
with
v
ar
io
u
s
f
ea
tu
r
es
p
r
esen
t
in
th
e
s
am
p
le
s
o
n
g
,
s
u
ch
as
th
e
m
o
s
t
im
p
o
r
tan
t
n
o
te
(
Vaa
d
i
Swar
)
,
th
e
s
ec
o
n
d
m
o
s
t
im
p
o
r
tan
t
n
o
te
(
Sam
v
a
ad
i
Swar
)
,
an
d
th
e
o
th
er
ten
n
o
te
s
tr
u
ctu
r
es,
u
s
in
g
FF
T
an
d
th
e
No
te
-
Fre
q
u
en
c
y
R
atio
s
.
T
h
e
f
u
n
d
am
en
tal
f
r
e
q
u
en
cy
o
f
th
e
to
n
i
c
'
Sa
'
i
s
f
o
u
n
d
to
b
e
1
9
5
Hz.
Usi
n
g
th
is
v
alu
e
an
d
th
e
n
o
t
e
-
f
r
eq
u
e
n
cy
r
atio
ta
b
le,
th
e
o
th
er
s
ix
n
o
tes
ar
e
id
en
tifie
d
.
T
h
e
o
b
tain
e
d
v
alu
e
s
o
f
th
ese
n
o
tes ar
e
p
r
esen
ted
i
n
T
ab
le
4
.
T
ab
le
4
.
E
x
p
er
im
en
tal
f
r
eq
u
en
cy
v
alu
es o
f
all
n
o
tes u
s
in
g
FF
M
A
l
l
n
o
t
e
s
N
o
t
e
v
a
l
u
e
N
o
t
e
s
p
r
e
se
n
t
/
a
b
se
n
t
Sa
1
9
5
P
r
e
sen
t
re
(
1
9
5
×
1
.
0
5
4
)
÷
1
=
2
0
5
P
r
e
sen
t
Re
(
2
0
5
×
1
.
1
2
5
)
÷
1
.
0
5
4
=
2
1
8
A
b
se
n
t
ga
(
2
1
8
×
1
.
1
8
6
)
÷
1
.
1
2
5
=
2
2
9
A
b
se
n
t
Ga
(
2
2
9
×
1
.
2
5
3
)
÷
1
.
1
8
6
=
2
4
1
P
r
e
sen
t
ma
(
2
4
1
×
1
.
3
3
3
)
÷
1
.
2
5
3
=
2
5
6
A
b
se
n
t
Ma
(
2
5
6
×
1
.
4
1
5
)
÷
1
.
3
3
3
=
2
7
1
P
r
e
sen
t
Pa
(
2
7
1
×
1
.
5
0
0
)
÷
1
.
4
1
5
=
2
8
7
P
r
e
sen
t
d
h
a
(
2
8
7
×
1
.
5
8
0
)
÷
1
.
5
0
0
=
3
0
2
P
r
e
sen
t
D
h
a
(
3
0
2
×
1
.
6
9
1
)
÷
1
.
5
8
0
=
3
2
3
A
b
se
n
t
ni
(
3
2
3
×
1
.
7
7
7
)
÷
1
.
6
9
0
=
3
3
9
A
b
se
n
t
Ni
(
3
3
9
×
1
.
8
9
3
)
÷
1
.
7
7
7
=
3
6
0
P
r
e
sen
t
T
ab
le
5
d
is
p
lay
s
th
e
ca
lcu
lated
v
alu
es
o
f
all
s
ev
en
n
o
tes
p
r
esen
t
in
T
ab
le
4
o
f
th
e
g
iv
en
R
ag
a
u
s
in
g
th
e
FF
M
m
eth
o
d
.
T
h
e
ex
p
er
im
en
tal
v
alu
es
in
T
ab
le
3
cl
o
s
ely
m
atch
th
e
ca
lcu
lated
v
alu
es
in
T
ab
le
5
,
in
d
icatin
g
th
at
t
h
e
an
aly
s
is
ca
n
ef
f
ec
tiv
ely
v
er
if
y
th
e
ac
cu
r
a
cy
o
f
th
e
wo
r
k
.
I
f
th
e
f
r
eq
u
en
cy
v
alu
e
o
f
a
n
o
te
f
r
o
m
th
e
ex
p
er
im
en
t
d
ev
iates
f
r
o
m
th
e
ca
lcu
lated
v
alu
e,
t
h
e
s
y
s
tem
will
id
en
tify
th
e
er
r
o
r
u
s
in
g
T
ab
le
6
,
allo
win
g
th
e
u
s
er
to
u
n
d
er
s
tan
d
th
e
d
ev
iatio
n
.
T
h
e
r
esu
lts
in
d
icate
th
at
th
e
v
alu
es
o
f
th
e
s
ev
e
n
n
o
tes
o
b
tain
e
d
th
r
o
u
g
h
FF
T
/DFT
ex
p
er
im
en
t
s
ar
e
v
er
y
s
im
ilar
to
th
o
s
e
ca
lcu
lated
u
s
in
g
FF
M.
T
h
e
ac
c
ep
tab
le
p
er
ce
n
ta
g
e
(
%)
er
r
o
r
f
o
r
ea
ch
n
o
te
is
als
o
s
p
ec
if
ied
.
Fig
u
r
e
9
illu
s
tr
ate
s
th
e
co
m
p
ar
ativ
e
r
esu
lts
o
f
n
o
te
v
alu
es
o
b
tain
ed
u
s
in
g
FF
T
/DFT
an
d
FF
M
f
o
r
a
g
iv
en
in
p
u
t so
n
g
.
T
ab
le
5
.
Pre
s
en
t sev
en
n
o
tes a
n
d
th
eir
f
r
eq
u
e
n
cy
u
s
in
g
FF
M
I
n
d
i
a
n
m
u
si
c
n
o
t
e
s
F
r
e
q
u
e
n
c
y
Sa
1
9
5
re
2
0
5
Ga
2
4
1
ma
2
7
1
Pa
2
8
7
d
h
a
3
0
2
Ni
3
6
0
T
ab
le
6
.
E
r
r
o
r
d
if
f
er
e
n
ce
in
c
o
m
p
u
tatio
n
(
u
s
in
g
FF
T
an
d
FF
M
)
I
n
d
i
a
n
m
u
si
c
n
o
t
e
s
Ex
p
e
r
i
m
e
n
t
a
l
n
o
t
e
v
a
l
u
e
s
u
s
i
n
g
F
F
T/
D
F
T
C
a
l
c
u
l
a
t
e
d
n
o
t
e
v
a
l
u
e
u
s
i
n
g
F
F
M
Er
r
o
r
%
Sa
1
9
3
1
9
5
1
.
0
3
6
re
2
0
3
2
0
5
0
.
9
8
5
2
Ga
2
2
9
2
4
1
5
.
2
4
Ma
2
5
7
2
7
1
5
.
4
4
7
Pa
2
9
0
2
8
7
1
.
0
4
5
d
h
a
3
0
5
3
0
2
0
.
9
9
3
3
Ni
3
4
3
3
6
0
4
.
9
5
6
Af
ter
all
th
e
n
o
tes
ar
e
id
en
tifie
d
,
th
eir
s
tr
u
ctu
r
es
ar
e
co
m
p
a
r
ed
with
th
e
R
ag
a
k
n
o
wled
g
e
b
ase
to
d
eter
m
in
e
th
e
R
ag
a
o
r
s
o
n
g
o
r
ig
in
.
On
ce
th
e
R
ag
a
o
f
a
s
o
n
g
is
id
en
tifie
d
,
th
e
s
o
n
g
ca
n
b
e
c
lass
if
ied
f
o
r
u
s
e
in
ad
d
r
ess
in
g
v
ar
i
o
u
s
h
ea
lth
a
n
d
m
en
tal
d
is
o
r
d
er
s
.
T
h
is
m
a
p
p
in
g
p
r
o
ce
s
s
u
tili
ze
s
th
e
k
n
o
wled
g
e
o
f
m
u
s
ic
th
er
ap
y
to
in
f
o
r
m
its
ap
p
licatio
n
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
5
0
2
-
4
7
5
2
I
n
d
o
n
esian
J
E
lec
E
n
g
&
C
o
m
p
Sci
,
Vo
l.
39
,
No
.
3
,
Sep
tem
b
er
20
25
:
1
8
6
5
-
1
8
7
6
1874
Fig
u
r
e
9
.
C
o
m
p
a
r
ativ
e
r
esu
lts
(
No
te
v
alu
es u
s
in
g
FF
T
/DFT
&
FF
M
o
f
th
e
in
p
u
t so
n
g
with
er
r
o
r
%)
7.
CO
NCLU
SI
O
N
R
ag
a
s
tan
d
s
as
th
e
co
r
n
er
s
to
n
e
o
f
I
C
M
,
r
ep
r
esen
tin
g
its
ess
en
ce
an
d
c
h
ar
ac
ter
.
R
ec
o
g
n
izin
g
th
e
s
p
ec
if
ic
R
ag
a
em
b
ed
d
e
d
with
in
a
s
o
n
g
is
cr
u
cial
n
o
t
o
n
ly
f
o
r
a
p
p
r
ec
iatin
g
its
m
u
s
ical
d
ep
th
b
u
t
also
f
o
r
h
ar
n
ess
in
g
its
p
o
ten
tial
ap
p
licatio
n
s
,
in
clu
d
in
g
i
n
m
u
s
i
c
th
er
ap
y
.
T
h
is
r
ec
o
g
n
itio
n
p
r
o
ce
s
s
tr
an
s
lates
co
m
p
u
tatio
n
ally
in
t
o
a
p
atter
n
r
ec
o
g
n
itio
n
ch
allen
g
e
wit
h
in
th
e
r
ea
lm
o
f
I
C
M.
Ou
r
f
in
d
in
g
s
p
r
o
v
id
e
co
n
clu
s
iv
e
ev
id
e
n
ce
th
at
th
e
n
o
te
s
tr
u
ctu
r
e
an
d
R
ag
a
-
o
r
i
g
in
o
r
T
h
aa
t
n
am
e
o
f
an
y
s
o
n
g
ca
n
b
e
e
x
tr
ac
ted
ef
f
icien
tly
.
So
,
we
d
el
v
e
in
to
th
e
in
tr
icate
task
o
f
R
ag
a
p
atter
n
r
ec
o
g
n
itio
n
.
W
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
e
a
co
m
p
u
tatio
n
a
l
m
o
d
el
g
r
o
u
n
d
ed
i
n
an
o
b
ject
-
o
r
ien
ted
a
p
p
r
o
ac
h
to
e
f
f
ec
tiv
e
ly
id
en
tify
R
ag
a
s
.
C
en
tr
al
to
o
u
r
a
p
p
r
o
ac
h
is
a
p
r
o
ce
d
u
r
e
d
esig
n
ed
to
co
m
p
u
te
d
iv
e
r
s
e
n
o
te
v
alu
es,
e
s
s
en
tial
f
o
r
d
is
ce
r
n
in
g
R
ag
a
s
with
in
m
u
s
ical
co
m
p
o
s
itio
n
s
.
L
ev
er
a
g
in
g
m
a
th
em
atica
l
to
o
ls
s
u
ch
as
th
e
DFT
an
d
FFM
,
we
ca
lcu
late
th
ese
n
o
te
v
alu
es,
co
m
p
ar
in
g
r
esu
lts
o
b
tain
e
d
th
r
o
u
g
h
ex
p
er
im
en
tal
m
et
h
o
d
s
u
s
in
g
W
av
e
Su
r
f
er
s
o
f
twar
e
with
th
o
s
e
d
er
iv
e
d
f
r
o
m
FF
M
co
m
p
u
tatio
n
s
.
R
e
m
ar
k
ab
ly
,
b
o
t
h
m
eth
o
d
o
l
o
g
ie
s
y
ield
clo
s
ely
alig
n
e
d
n
o
te
v
alu
es
cr
itical
f
o
r
ac
cu
r
ate
R
ag
a
p
atter
n
r
ec
o
g
n
itio
n
.
T
h
ese
co
m
p
u
ted
n
o
te
v
alu
es
p
lay
a
p
iv
o
tal
r
o
le
in
lin
k
in
g
a
s
o
n
g
to
its
co
r
r
esp
o
n
d
in
g
R
ag
a
in
a
k
n
o
wled
g
e
b
ase.
On
ce
id
en
ti
f
ied
,
th
e
R
ag
a
ca
n
b
e
u
tili
ze
d
in
v
ar
io
u
s
a
p
p
licatio
n
s
,
p
a
r
ticu
lar
ly
in
m
u
s
ic
th
er
ap
y
,
h
ar
n
ess
in
g
th
e
th
er
ap
eu
tic
p
o
ten
tial
ass
o
ciate
d
with
ea
ch
R
ag
a
'
s
u
n
iq
u
e
ch
ar
ac
ter
is
tics
.
T
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
s
o
lu
tio
n
m
ay
b
e
b
e
n
ef
icial
in
a
u
to
m
atin
g
th
e
p
r
o
ce
s
s
o
f
R
ag
a
p
atter
n
r
ec
o
g
n
it
io
n
wh
ich
em
er
g
es
n
o
t
o
n
ly
as
a
co
m
p
u
tatio
n
al
c
h
allen
g
e
b
u
t
also
as
a
p
iv
o
tal
s
tep
to
war
d
s
en
h
an
cin
g
th
e
ef
f
icac
y
an
d
s
co
p
e
o
f
au
to
m
ated
m
u
s
ic
th
er
ap
y
i
n
ter
v
en
tio
n
s
.
ACK
NO
WL
E
DG
E
M
E
NT
S
W
e
wo
u
ld
lik
e
to
ex
p
r
ess
o
u
r
g
r
atitu
d
e
to
all
th
o
s
e
wh
o
s
u
p
p
o
r
ted
u
s
th
r
o
u
g
h
o
u
t
th
e
co
u
r
s
e
o
f
th
is
r
esear
ch
.
Sp
ec
ial
th
an
k
s
g
o
t
o
T
ec
h
n
o
Ma
in
Salt
L
a
k
e
f
o
r
p
r
o
v
id
in
g
th
e
n
ec
ess
ar
y
f
ac
il
ities
an
d
r
eso
u
r
ce
s
.
W
e
ar
e
also
g
r
atef
u
l
to
o
u
r
co
lleag
u
es
f
r
o
m
th
e
Dep
ar
tm
en
t
o
f
C
SE
(
AI
&
ML
)
wh
o
p
r
o
v
id
ed
v
alu
ab
le
in
s
ig
h
ts
an
d
ex
p
e
r
tis
e
th
at
g
r
e
atly
ass
is
ted
th
e
r
esear
ch
.
F
UNDING
I
NF
O
R
M
A
T
I
O
N
Au
th
o
r
s
s
tate
n
o
f
u
n
d
in
g
in
v
o
lv
ed
.
AUTHO
R
CO
NT
RI
B
UT
I
O
NS ST
A
T
E
M
E
N
T
T
h
is
jo
u
r
n
al
u
s
es
th
e
C
o
n
tr
ib
u
to
r
R
o
les
T
ax
o
n
o
m
y
(
C
R
ed
iT)
to
r
ec
o
g
n
ize
in
d
iv
id
u
al
au
th
o
r
co
n
tr
ib
u
tio
n
s
,
r
ed
u
ce
au
th
o
r
s
h
ip
d
is
p
u
tes,
an
d
f
ac
ilit
ate
co
llab
o
r
atio
n
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.