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Per
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I
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W
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h
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ca
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to
ac
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iev
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s
tu
d
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s
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f
ac
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n
[
1
]
–
[
4
]
.
T
h
e
r
ef
o
r
e,
it
is
n
ec
ess
ar
y
to
i
n
n
o
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t
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d
if
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t
p
r
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ce
s
s
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th
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ca
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p
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in
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th
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lev
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o
f
s
tu
d
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t
s
atis
f
ac
tio
n
[
5
]
,
[
6
]
.
W
ith
th
e
d
ec
lar
atio
n
o
f
a
h
ea
lth
em
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n
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d
u
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to
th
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ap
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a
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ce
o
f
C
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-
1
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,
m
an
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u
ca
tio
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al
in
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titu
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aw
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to
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q
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ality
[
7
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,
[
8
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.
E
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Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
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2252
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8
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2
I
d
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tifi
ca
tio
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f f
a
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s
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flu
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tu
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fr
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(
Oma
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3745
ter
m
s
o
f
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tech
n
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lo
g
ical
i
n
f
r
astru
ctu
r
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[
9
]
.
T
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i
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th
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[
1
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[
1
1
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s
tm
en
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an
d
im
p
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v
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ts
[
1
2
]
–
[
1
4
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.
T
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s
,
it
is
also
im
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tan
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to
tak
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in
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s
[
1
5
]
,
[
1
6
]
,
with
in
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m
o
s
t
im
p
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tan
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is
teac
h
er
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
[
1
7
]
–
[
2
0
]
.
I
n
th
e
s
e
tim
es,
th
e
in
f
l
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en
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o
f
tech
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lo
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u
ca
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ased
ex
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eq
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ir
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to
ad
ju
s
t
an
d
ap
p
ly
it
to
th
eir
clas
s
s
ess
io
n
s
[
2
1
]
,
[
2
2
]
,
a
n
d
it
is
t
h
at
th
e
ev
alu
atio
n
o
f
s
tu
d
en
t
s
atis
f
ac
tio
n
r
eg
ar
d
in
g
teac
h
in
g
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
will
allo
w
f
ee
d
b
ac
k
o
n
t
h
e
ac
h
iev
em
en
ts
an
d
d
if
f
icu
lties
lin
k
ed
to
th
e
teac
h
in
g
p
r
o
ce
s
s
[
2
3
]
,
[
2
4
]
.
I
n
f
lu
en
cin
g
s
tu
d
en
t
s
atis
f
ac
tio
n
r
eg
ar
d
in
g
teac
h
in
g
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
h
as
a
p
o
s
itiv
e
im
p
ac
t
o
n
asp
ec
ts
r
elate
d
to
ac
ad
e
m
ic
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
[
2
5
]
,
an
d
o
n
r
e
d
u
cin
g
th
e
d
r
o
p
o
u
t
r
ate
b
y
d
et
ec
tin
g
th
e
n
ee
d
s
an
d
b
a
r
r
ier
s
th
ey
f
ac
e
s
tu
d
en
ts
[
2
6
]
.
C
u
r
r
en
tly
,
o
n
e
o
f
th
e
t
ec
h
n
iq
u
es
u
s
ed
to
id
e
n
tify
s
t
u
d
en
t
s
atis
f
ac
tio
n
with
r
esp
ec
t
to
th
e
d
if
f
er
e
n
t
s
er
v
ices
o
f
f
er
ed
b
y
a
n
ed
u
ca
ti
o
n
al
in
s
titu
tio
n
is
s
en
tim
en
t
a
n
aly
s
is
o
r
also
ca
lled
o
p
in
i
o
n
an
aly
s
is
[
2
7
]
.
T
h
is
tech
n
iq
u
e
is
p
ar
t
o
f
o
n
e
o
f
th
e
ar
ea
s
o
f
ar
tific
ial
in
tellig
en
ce
lin
k
ed
to
n
atu
r
al
lan
g
u
a
g
e
p
r
o
ce
s
s
in
g
(
NL
P),
wh
ich
allo
ws
an
aly
zin
g
o
p
in
io
n
s
,
ev
alu
atio
n
s
an
d
em
o
tio
n
s
r
eg
ar
d
in
g
a
ce
r
tain
s
er
v
ic
e
o
r
p
r
o
d
u
ct
[
2
8
]
.
Ho
wev
er
,
m
an
y
tim
es
th
e
d
a
ta
is
g
en
er
ated
in
v
o
ice
f
o
r
m
at,
s
o
f
o
r
its
p
r
o
ce
s
s
in
g
an
d
an
aly
s
is
it
m
u
s
t
b
e
co
n
v
er
ted
t
o
tex
t,
th
r
o
u
g
h
th
e
NL
P
th
r
o
u
g
h
Py
t
h
o
n
,
with
t
h
e
p
u
r
p
o
s
e
o
f
id
en
tif
y
in
g
th
e
s
en
tim
en
t
co
n
tain
ed
in
ea
ch
d
ata
[
2
9
]
–
[
3
1
]
.
Sen
tim
en
t
an
aly
s
is
is
clo
s
ely
lin
k
e
d
to
s
o
cial
n
etwo
r
k
s
o
r
m
o
b
i
le
v
o
ice
m
ess
ag
in
g
ap
p
licatio
n
s
,
s
in
ce
th
ey
r
e
p
r
es
en
t
a
p
o
ten
tially
d
ata
s
o
u
r
ce
t
o
b
e
an
aly
ze
d
an
d
ex
tr
ac
t
in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
[
3
2
]
–
[
3
4
]
.
T
h
er
ef
o
r
e,
n
o
wad
ay
s
it
r
e
p
r
e
s
en
ts
a
v
er
y
u
s
ef
u
l
to
o
l
t
o
i
d
en
tify
th
e
em
o
tio
n
s
o
f
t
h
e
s
tu
d
en
ts
m
an
if
ested
d
u
r
in
g
th
e
class
s
ess
io
n
s
[
3
5
]
,
[
3
6
]
,
wh
ich
co
n
tr
ib
u
tes
with
th
e
f
ee
d
b
ac
k
o
f
t
h
e
teac
h
er
’
s
t
ea
ch
in
g
s
tr
ateg
ies,
m
eth
o
d
s
,
an
d
tech
n
iq
u
es [
3
7
]
,
[
3
8
]
.
I
n
a
d
ig
ital
en
v
ir
o
n
m
en
t,
th
e
t
r
en
d
is
s
o
cial
r
elatio
n
s
h
ip
s
,
wh
eth
er
p
r
o
f
ess
io
n
al
o
r
p
er
s
o
n
a
l,
to
f
in
d
a
way
o
f
m
u
ltip
le
e
x
p
r
ess
io
n
in
tech
n
o
lo
g
y
,
with
p
e
r
m
an
en
t
o
p
in
io
n
s
e
x
ch
an
g
e
[
3
9
]
–
[
4
1
]
,
an
d
co
m
m
u
n
icatio
n
in
ed
u
ca
tio
n
is
a
m
ain
ax
is
th
r
o
u
g
h
wh
ich
s
tu
d
e
n
ts
an
d
e
v
e
n
teac
h
er
s
ar
e
in
te
g
r
ated
[
4
2
]
–
[
4
4
]
.
On
e
o
f
th
ese
in
s
tan
t
m
ess
ag
in
g
a
p
p
licatio
n
s
is
W
h
atsAp
p
,
wh
ich
allo
ws
s
y
n
ch
r
o
n
o
u
s
o
r
asy
n
ch
r
o
n
o
u
s
co
m
m
u
n
icatio
n
b
etwe
en
u
s
er
s
an
d
f
ac
ilit
ates
th
e
ac
q
u
is
itio
n
o
f
a
n
y
ty
p
e
o
f
i
n
f
o
r
m
atio
n
in
s
tan
tly
[
4
5
]
–
[
5
0
]
.
W
h
atsAp
p
in
th
e
ed
u
ca
tio
n
al
f
ield
r
ep
r
esen
ts
a
s
p
ac
e
f
o
r
c
o
m
m
u
n
icatio
n
an
d
co
llab
o
r
atio
n
,
in
wh
ich
s
tu
d
en
ts
f
r
ee
ly
ex
p
r
ess
th
eir
o
p
in
i
o
n
s
r
eg
a
r
d
in
g
th
eir
s
atis
f
ac
tio
n
with
th
e
s
er
v
ice
r
ec
eiv
ed
at
th
e
u
n
iv
e
r
s
ity
[
5
1
]
–
[
5
4
]
.
T
h
r
o
u
g
h
th
is
in
s
tan
t
m
ess
ag
in
g
ap
p
licatio
n
,
o
p
i
n
io
n
s
ca
n
b
e
ex
c
h
an
g
e
d
in
v
ar
io
u
s
f
o
r
m
ats,
r
a
n
g
in
g
f
r
o
m
tex
ts
,
im
ag
es,
v
id
eo
,
a
n
d
v
o
ice
[
5
5
]
–
[
5
9
]
.
I
n
r
elatio
n
to
th
e
ex
p
lan
atio
n
,
th
is
r
esear
ch
aim
s
to
id
e
n
tify
th
e
f
ac
to
r
s
th
at
in
f
lu
en
ce
s
tu
d
en
t
s
atis
f
ac
tio
n
r
eg
ar
d
in
g
teac
h
er
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
,
b
ased
o
n
th
e
an
aly
s
is
o
f
v
o
ice
m
ess
ag
in
g
f
r
o
m
W
h
atsAp
p
.
T
h
er
ef
o
r
e,
a
ca
s
e
s
tu
d
y
will
b
e
d
ev
el
o
p
ed
,
tak
in
g
as
s
tu
d
y
p
o
p
u
latio
n
,
s
tu
d
e
n
ts
o
f
th
e
p
r
o
f
ess
io
n
al
s
ch
o
o
l
o
f
m
ec
h
an
ical
an
d
elec
tr
ical
en
g
i
n
ee
r
in
g
o
f
th
e
Natio
n
al
T
ec
h
n
o
lo
g
ical
Un
iv
er
s
ity
o
f
L
im
a
S
u
r
.
T
h
e
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
to
b
e
u
s
ed
is
q
u
alitativ
e,
with
a
n
ex
p
lo
r
ato
r
y
s
co
p
e
an
d
tr
an
s
ac
tio
n
al
n
o
n
-
ex
p
e
r
im
en
tal
d
es
ig
n
.
T
h
is
ar
ticle
is
m
ad
e
u
p
o
f
a
liter
atu
r
e
r
ev
ie
w
s
ec
tio
n
,
in
wh
ich
p
r
ev
io
u
s
s
tu
d
ies
ca
r
r
ied
o
u
t
o
n
th
e
s
u
b
ject
o
f
s
tu
d
y
ar
e
h
ig
h
lig
h
ted
.
I
n
ad
d
itio
n
,
th
e
m
eth
o
d
o
lo
g
ical
asp
ec
ts
th
at
led
to
th
e
d
ev
elo
p
m
en
t
o
f
th
e
ca
s
e
s
tu
d
y
ar
e
d
etailed
.
T
h
e
id
en
tifie
d
r
esu
lts
ar
e
also
d
etailed
in
a
s
in
g
le
s
e
ctio
n
,
as we
ll a
s
th
eir
d
is
cu
s
s
i
o
n
,
co
n
s
id
er
i
n
g
th
e
f
in
d
in
g
s
an
d
r
esu
lts
o
b
tain
ed
in
o
th
er
in
v
esti
g
atio
n
s
.
Fin
ally
,
th
e
co
n
clu
s
io
n
s
s
ec
tio
n
is
s
p
ec
if
ied
,
wh
ich
also
d
etails th
e
lim
itatio
n
s
o
f
th
e
s
tu
d
y
an
d
f
u
tu
r
e
wo
r
k
.
2.
L
I
T
E
R
AT
U
RE
R
E
VI
E
W
R
eg
ar
d
in
g
r
esear
ch
th
at
co
n
s
id
er
s
th
e
W
h
atsAp
p
m
es
s
ag
i
n
g
ap
p
licatio
n
as
a
m
ea
n
s
to
ex
p
r
ess
o
p
in
io
n
s
an
d
co
m
m
e
n
ts
,
r
e
g
ar
d
in
g
t
h
eir
s
atis
f
ac
tio
n
with
te
ac
h
in
g
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
at
t
h
e
u
n
i
v
er
s
ity
lev
el,
th
er
e
is
wh
at
was
d
ev
elo
p
ed
b
y
Val
er
io
[
6
0
]
,
wh
o
d
escr
ib
es
t
h
e
e
x
p
er
ien
ce
o
f
u
s
in
g
th
e
W
h
atsAp
p
as
a
m
ed
iatio
n
an
d
s
u
p
p
o
r
t
to
o
l
in
th
e
teac
h
in
g
a
n
d
lear
n
in
g
p
r
o
ce
s
s
es,
in
wh
ich
h
e
s
tates
th
at
th
e
s
tu
d
e
n
ts
h
ig
h
lig
h
ted
t
h
e
im
p
o
r
tan
ce
o
f
im
m
ed
iacy
in
r
ec
eiv
in
g
co
m
m
u
n
icatio
n
s
ab
o
u
t th
e
co
u
r
s
e
an
d
th
e
ea
s
e
it r
ep
r
esen
ts
f
o
r
th
em
to
ex
ch
an
g
e
o
p
in
io
n
s
th
r
o
u
g
h
th
is
ap
p
licatio
n
.
I
n
ad
d
itio
n
,
it
is
th
at
th
ey
f
r
eq
u
en
tly
r
ev
iew
an
d
ar
e
ev
en
m
o
r
e
awa
r
e
o
f
th
is
m
ed
iu
m
th
an
o
f
th
e
o
f
f
icial
em
ail
an
d
th
e
v
ir
tu
al
class
r
o
o
m
o
f
th
e
Un
iv
er
s
ity
.
L
ik
ewise,
Nin
g
ty
as
et
a
l.
[
6
1
]
d
e
v
elo
p
r
esear
ch
in
th
e
co
n
tex
t
o
f
v
ir
tu
al
ed
u
ca
tio
n
o
n
th
e
a
p
p
ea
r
a
n
c
e
o
f
C
OVI
D
-
1
9
,
in
wh
ich
f
o
cu
s
es
o
n
teac
h
in
g
p
e
r
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
th
r
o
u
g
h
th
e
W
h
atsAp
p
in
s
tan
t
m
ess
ag
in
g
ap
p
lic
atio
n
.
I
n
th
is
s
am
e
lin
e
o
f
r
esear
ch
,
B
er
g
a
n
d
Mu
d
au
[
6
2
]
d
e
v
elo
p
a
w
o
r
k
b
ased
o
n
th
e
id
e
n
tific
atio
n
o
f
th
e
p
er
ce
p
tio
n
o
f
s
tu
d
en
ts
r
eg
ar
d
in
g
th
e
u
s
e
o
f
W
h
atsAp
p
an
d
h
o
w
th
is
a
p
p
li
ca
tio
n
co
n
tr
ib
u
tes
to
th
e
im
p
r
o
v
em
en
t
o
f
lear
n
in
g
p
r
o
ce
s
s
es,
in
th
e
co
n
tex
t
o
f
C
OVI
D
-
1
9
.
I
n
th
e
s
am
e
p
er
io
d
o
f
th
e
s
tu
d
y
,
E
n
y
am
a
et
a
l.
[
6
3
]
d
e
v
elo
p
e
d
a
r
esear
ch
p
ap
e
r
in
wh
ich
W
h
atsAp
p
was
u
s
ed
to
ass
ess
s
tu
d
en
t
s
atis
f
ac
tio
n
r
eg
ar
d
in
g
th
e
im
p
lem
en
tatio
n
o
f
o
n
lin
e
teac
h
in
g
an
d
h
o
w
th
e
t
ea
ch
er
an
d
s
tu
d
en
ts
in
ter
ac
ted
with
it
.
L
an
tar
ó
n
et
a
l.
[
6
4
]
u
s
ed
W
h
atsAp
p
as
a
m
ea
n
s
to
in
ter
ac
t
with
th
e
s
tu
d
en
t,
s
ee
k
in
g
to
ass
ess
th
eir
s
atis
f
ac
tio
n
wi
th
th
e
tu
to
r
in
g
an
d
f
o
llo
w
-
u
p
ac
tiv
ities
th
at
th
e
teac
h
er
ca
r
r
i
ed
o
u
t
with
t
h
e
s
tu
d
en
ts
.
L
ik
e
wis
e,
T
ag
o
e
an
d
C
o
le
[
6
5
]
p
o
in
t
o
u
t
th
at
t
h
e
u
s
e
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
2
5
2
-
8
8
2
2
I
n
t J E
v
al
&
R
es E
d
u
c
,
Vo
l
.
14
,
No
.
5
,
Octo
b
er
20
25
:
3
7
4
4
-
3755
3746
o
f
W
h
atsAp
p
co
n
tr
ib
u
tes
t
o
th
e
teac
h
in
g
-
lea
r
n
in
g
p
r
o
ce
s
s
s
in
ce
it
allo
ws
g
r
ea
ter
in
ter
ac
tio
n
b
etwe
en
s
tu
d
en
ts
an
d
teac
h
e
r
s
.
Ab
d
u
llah
[
6
6
]
d
ev
elo
p
e
d
an
in
v
esti
g
atio
n
th
at
s
o
u
g
h
t
t
o
id
en
tif
y
th
e
f
ac
t
o
r
s
th
at
p
r
ed
ict
th
e
q
u
ality
o
f
o
n
lin
e
ed
u
ca
tio
n
i
n
th
e
c
o
n
tex
t
o
f
C
OVI
D
-
1
9
,
th
is
th
r
o
u
g
h
t
h
e
u
s
e
o
f
a
W
h
atsAp
p
g
r
o
u
p
,
m
ak
in
g
its
ap
p
licatio
n
v
iab
le
f
o
r
th
is
p
u
r
p
o
s
e.
I
n
ad
d
itio
n
,
Sas
o
n
a
n
d
Keller
m
an
[
6
7
]
id
e
n
tifie
d
t
h
at
wh
en
a
n
aly
zin
g
o
p
in
io
n
s
r
eg
a
r
d
in
g
th
e
id
e
n
tif
icatio
n
o
f
teac
h
er
-
s
tu
d
e
n
t
in
ter
ac
tio
n
f
ac
to
r
s
in
th
e
co
n
tex
t
o
f
C
OVI
D
-
1
9
,
th
ey
wer
e
ab
le
to
id
en
tify
th
at
s
tu
d
en
t
wo
u
ld
h
av
e
p
r
ef
er
r
e
d
to
ex
p
r
ess
th
eir
co
m
m
en
ts
t
h
r
o
u
g
h
W
h
atsAp
p
m
ess
ag
in
g
th
an
th
r
o
u
g
h
em
ail.
I
r
an
m
an
esh
et
a
l.
[
6
8
]
in
v
esti
g
ated
th
e
f
ac
to
r
s
o
f
s
tu
d
en
t
s
atis
f
ac
tio
n
,
co
n
s
id
er
in
g
W
h
atsAp
p
n
o
t
o
n
ly
as
a
to
o
l
f
o
r
s
o
cial
in
ter
ac
ti
o
n
b
etwe
en
s
tu
d
e
n
ts
an
d
teac
h
er
s
,
b
u
t
also
as
an
alter
n
ativ
e
f
o
r
t
h
e
teac
h
er
’
s
d
id
ac
tic
s
tr
ateg
y
.
3.
M
E
T
H
O
D
3
.
1
.
F
o
cus
,
lev
el
a
nd
re
s
ea
rc
h desi
g
n
I
n
th
e
p
r
esen
t
in
v
esti
g
atio
n
,
th
e
q
u
alitativ
e
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
was
u
s
ed
,
with
th
e
p
u
r
p
o
s
e
o
f
ca
r
r
y
in
g
o
u
t
an
an
aly
s
is
o
f
th
e
co
n
te
n
t
o
f
th
e
au
d
io
m
ess
ag
es
o
f
th
e
s
tu
d
en
t
s
with
th
e
p
u
r
p
o
s
e
o
f
id
en
tif
y
in
g
th
e
f
ac
to
r
s
t
h
at
in
f
lu
en
ce
s
tu
d
en
t
s
atis
f
ac
tio
n
r
eg
ar
d
in
g
teac
h
in
g
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
.
I
n
th
is
r
eg
ar
d
,
J
o
h
n
s
o
n
-
M
ar
d
o
n
es
[
6
9
]
p
o
i
n
t
o
u
t
th
at
a
q
u
alitativ
e
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
co
llects
an
d
an
al
y
ze
s
n
o
n
-
n
u
m
er
ical
d
ata
s
u
ch
as
in
te
r
v
iew
s
,
o
b
s
er
v
atio
n
s
an
d
d
o
cu
m
e
n
ts
to
u
n
d
e
r
s
tan
d
a
n
d
ex
p
lo
r
e
th
e
co
m
p
le
x
ity
o
f
s
o
c
ial
an
d
h
u
m
an
p
h
en
o
m
en
a.
T
h
e
r
esear
ch
ca
r
r
ied
o
u
t
is
o
f
an
ex
p
lo
r
ato
r
y
lev
el
to
th
e
ex
ten
t
th
at
it
is
in
ten
d
ed
to
k
n
o
w
an
d
id
e
n
tify
,
b
a
s
ed
o
n
t
h
e
co
n
ten
t
an
aly
s
is
o
f
th
e
W
h
atsAp
p
au
d
io
m
ess
ag
es,
th
e
f
ac
to
r
s
th
at
i
n
f
lu
en
ce
th
eir
s
atis
f
ac
tio
n
with
r
esp
ec
t to
teac
h
in
g
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
,
i
n
th
e
co
n
tex
t
o
f
th
e
p
r
o
g
r
ess
iv
e
r
etu
r
n
to
f
ac
e
-
to
-
f
ac
e
class
teac
h
in
g
s
ess
i
o
n
s
.
I
n
th
is
r
eg
a
r
d
,
R
am
o
s
-
Gala
r
za
[
7
0
]
,
p
o
in
ts
o
u
t
th
at
ex
p
l
o
r
ato
r
y
lev
el
r
e
s
ea
r
ch
g
iv
es
u
s
a
f
ir
s
t
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
to
th
e
asp
ec
ts
ass
o
ciate
d
with
a
p
h
en
o
m
e
n
o
n
o
r
s
itu
atio
n
u
n
d
er
s
tu
d
y
.
L
i
k
ewise,
th
e
r
esear
ch
d
esig
n
u
s
ed
is
non
-
e
x
p
er
im
e
n
tal,
tr
an
s
ac
tio
n
al,
b
ec
au
s
e
th
e
d
ata
was
co
llected
in
a
s
in
g
le
p
er
io
d
,
c
o
r
r
es
p
o
n
d
in
g
to
th
e
last
wee
k
o
f
class
o
f
th
e
au
to
m
at
ic
p
r
o
ce
s
s
co
n
tr
o
l
s
u
b
ject
o
f
th
e
2
0
2
2
-
I
I
ac
a
d
em
ic
s
em
ester
.
T
h
is
ca
s
e
s
tu
d
y
ap
p
lies
W
h
atsAp
p
m
ess
ag
in
g
s
o
th
at
t
h
e
s
tu
d
en
t
ca
n
ex
p
r
e
s
s
h
im
s
elf
f
r
ee
ly
,
a
n
d
is
n
o
t
f
r
am
ed
in
ca
teg
o
r
ies
th
at
r
estrict
th
e
id
en
tific
atio
n
o
f
s
en
s
itiv
e
an
d
r
ele
v
an
t f
ac
to
r
s
f
o
r
th
e
s
tu
d
e
n
t.
3
.
2
.
Da
t
a
pro
ce
s
s
ing
Fig
u
r
e
1
s
h
o
ws
th
e
m
eth
o
d
u
s
ed
f
o
r
d
ata
p
r
o
ce
s
s
in
g
,
wh
ic
h
b
eg
in
s
with
th
e
d
ata
co
llectio
n
p
h
ase
th
r
o
u
g
h
th
e
W
h
atsAp
p
in
s
tan
t
m
ess
ag
in
g
m
o
b
ile
ap
p
licatio
n
.
T
h
ese
d
ata
wer
e
s
to
r
ed
th
r
o
u
g
h
v
o
ice
m
ess
ag
es
f
o
r
ea
ch
s
tu
d
en
t;
h
o
we
v
er
,
ea
ch
s
tu
d
en
t
was
ab
le
to
ex
p
r
ess
m
o
r
e
th
an
o
n
e
m
ess
ag
e,
th
u
s
o
b
tain
in
g
a
to
tal
o
f
1
5
5
au
d
i
o
m
ess
ag
es.
T
h
en
th
ese
m
ess
ag
es
wer
e
p
r
e
-
p
r
o
ce
s
s
ed
th
r
o
u
g
h
v
o
ice
r
ec
o
g
n
it
io
n
lib
r
ar
ies
o
f
th
e
Py
th
o
n
s
o
f
twar
e,
with
wh
ich
it
was
p
o
s
s
ib
le
to
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
a
m
ess
ag
e
f
r
o
m
au
d
io
f
o
r
m
at
to
tex
t
f
o
r
m
at.
Fin
ally
,
th
e
d
ata
in
te
x
t
f
o
r
m
at
was
p
r
o
ce
s
s
ed
with
th
e
Atlas
T
i
s
o
f
twar
e,
in
wh
ich
it
w
as
p
o
s
s
ib
le
to
u
s
e
a
h
er
m
en
eu
tic
u
n
it,
wh
ich
c
o
n
ta
in
ed
all
th
e
tex
tu
al
m
ess
ag
es,
to
f
ac
ilit
ate
co
n
te
n
t
an
aly
s
is
;
a
s
s
ig
n
in
g
co
d
es
th
at
allo
w
ca
teg
o
r
izin
g
ea
ch
o
p
in
i
o
n
with
in
a
co
n
tex
t
in
wh
ich
i
t
is
in
ten
d
ed
to
ev
alu
ate
s
atis
f
ac
tio
n
with
r
esp
ec
t
to
teac
h
in
g
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
.
Fo
r
th
is
r
ea
s
o
n
,
we
s
o
u
g
h
t
to
r
ep
r
esen
t
a
s
em
an
tic
m
ap
in
w
h
ich
th
e
f
ac
to
r
s
an
d
th
eir
r
elatio
n
s
h
ip
o
f
in
f
lu
e
n
ce
with
s
tu
d
en
t satis
f
ac
tio
n
ar
e
s
h
o
wn
.
Fig
u
r
e
1
.
R
esear
ch
m
eth
o
d
u
s
ed
to
o
b
tain
r
esu
lts
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
t J E
v
al
&
R
es E
d
u
c
I
SS
N:
2252
-
8
8
2
2
I
d
en
tifi
ca
tio
n
o
f f
a
cto
r
s
th
a
t in
flu
en
ce
s
tu
d
en
t sa
tis
fa
ctio
n
fr
o
m
th
e
a
n
a
lysi
s
…
(
Oma
r
C
h
a
mo
r
r
o
-
A
ta
la
ya
)
3747
4.
RE
SU
L
T
S AN
D
D
I
SCU
SS
I
O
N
Fro
m
th
e
co
n
ten
t
an
aly
s
is
o
f
t
h
e
1
5
5
au
d
io
m
ess
ag
es
g
e
n
er
a
ted
b
y
th
e
s
tu
d
en
ts
i
n
W
h
atsAp
p
,
a
f
ir
s
t
s
et
o
f
f
ac
to
r
s
was
id
en
tifie
d
,
wh
ich
wer
e
ca
te
g
o
r
ized
as
“
p
l
an
n
in
g
”
f
ac
to
r
s
,
b
ec
au
s
e
th
e
y
r
ef
er
r
ed
to
t
h
e
f
ac
t
th
at
th
e
teac
h
er
:
“
s
tar
ts
an
d
e
n
d
s
y
o
u
r
class
o
n
tim
e”
,
“
i
n
tr
o
d
u
ce
s
an
d
ex
p
lain
s
th
e
s
y
llab
u
s
”,
“sp
ec
if
ies
th
e
p
u
r
p
o
s
e
an
d
to
p
ic”,
“d
is
clo
s
es
th
e
b
ib
lio
g
r
ap
h
ic
m
ater
ia
l”,
an
d
“e
v
alu
atio
n
m
atch
es
th
e
to
p
ics
o
f
th
e
s
y
llab
u
s
”.
I
n
th
is
r
eg
ar
d
,
Sal
as
[
7
1
]
p
o
in
t
o
u
t
th
at
it
is
i
m
p
o
r
tan
t
th
at
th
e
teac
h
er
,
wh
en
ca
r
r
y
i
n
g
o
u
t
h
is
d
id
ac
tic
p
lan
n
in
g
,
id
en
tify
wh
at
h
e
is
g
o
in
g
to
d
o
to
teac
h
an
d
wh
at
th
e
s
tu
d
en
t is g
o
in
g
to
d
o
to
lear
n
,
r
ely
i
n
g
o
n
in
s
tr
u
ctio
n
al
m
et
h
o
d
s
an
d
g
r
o
u
p
tech
n
iq
u
es,
tak
in
g
ta
k
e
in
to
ac
co
u
n
t t
h
e
co
n
te
n
ts
,
r
eso
u
r
ce
s
,
tim
es a
n
d
th
e
co
n
tex
t
wh
e
r
e
th
e
teac
h
in
g
p
r
ac
tice
tak
es
p
lace
.
L
ik
ewise,
Me
jía
[
7
2
]
co
n
s
id
er
s
th
at
as
p
ar
t
o
f
th
e
p
la
n
n
in
g
o
f
th
e
class
s
es
s
io
n
,
th
e
teac
h
er
m
u
s
t
p
r
o
v
i
d
e
s
tu
d
en
ts
with
b
ib
lio
g
r
ap
h
ic
m
ater
ials
in
ad
v
an
ce
to
h
el
p
th
em
ac
q
u
ir
e
p
r
io
r
k
n
o
wled
g
e.
Fro
m
wh
at
is
ex
tr
ac
ted
f
r
o
m
th
e
s
tu
d
en
ts
’
r
esp
o
n
s
es
an
d
f
r
o
m
wh
at
is
in
d
icate
d
b
y
th
e
cited
b
ib
lio
g
r
a
p
h
ical
r
ef
e
r
en
ce
s
,
it
is
es
s
en
tial
th
at
th
e
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th
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Fig
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4
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tag
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.
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4
.
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I
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2252
-
8
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u
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Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
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2
2
5
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-
8
8
2
2
I
n
t J E
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,
Vo
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14
,
No
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5
,
Octo
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20
25
:
3
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3755
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e
f
ac
to
r
s
th
at
in
f
lu
e
n
ce
s
tu
d
en
t
s
atis
f
ac
tio
n
o
n
teac
h
i
n
g
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
,
b
u
t
in
w
h
at
is
d
ef
in
ed
i
n
th
is
r
esear
ch
,
s
u
ch
as
th
e
p
lan
n
in
g
d
im
en
s
i
o
n
s
,
d
id
ac
tic
s
tr
ateg
ies
,
an
d
th
e
ad
m
in
is
tr
atio
n
d
im
en
s
io
n
o
f
th
e
class
s
ess
io
n
.
Fig
u
r
e
7
.
Sem
an
tic
n
etwo
r
k
t
h
at
s
h
o
ws th
e
f
ac
to
r
s
th
at
in
f
lu
e
n
ce
s
tu
d
en
t satis
f
ac
tio
n
r
eg
ar
d
in
g
teac
h
er
p
er
f
o
r
m
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ce
5.
CO
NCLU
SI
O
N
Acc
o
r
d
in
g
to
t
h
e
o
b
jectiv
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
i
n
th
e
r
esear
ch
,
r
eg
a
r
d
in
g
id
en
tif
y
in
g
th
e
f
ac
to
r
s
th
a
t
in
f
lu
en
ce
s
tu
d
en
t
s
atis
f
ac
tio
n
r
eg
ar
d
in
g
teac
h
in
g
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
,
b
a
s
ed
o
n
th
e
an
aly
s
is
o
f
v
o
ice
m
ess
ag
in
g
f
r
o
m
W
h
atsAp
p
,
it
wa
s
d
eter
m
in
ed
th
at
th
ese
f
ac
to
r
s
ar
e
ca
teg
o
r
ized
in
to
f
iv
e
g
r
o
u
p
s
,
th
ese
b
ein
g
:
“
p
lan
n
in
g
”
,
“
d
id
ac
tic
s
tr
ateg
ies
”
,
“
co
m
m
u
n
icatio
n
”
,
“
a
d
m
in
is
tr
atio
n
o
f
th
e
class
s
ess
io
n
”
,
an
d
“
p
r
o
f
ess
io
n
al
an
d
p
er
s
o
n
al
tr
aits
o
f
th
e
teac
h
er
”
.
W
ith
wh
ich
it
is
co
n
clu
d
ed
th
at
th
r
o
u
g
h
v
o
ice
an
al
y
tics
ap
p
lied
to
m
ess
ag
es
g
en
er
ated
f
r
o
m
m
o
b
ile
ap
p
licatio
n
s
,
th
e
y
r
e
p
r
esen
t
a
to
o
l
th
at
allo
ws
ex
tr
ac
tin
g
r
elev
an
t
in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
th
at
g
o
es
b
ey
o
n
d
th
e
lim
its
p
r
esen
ted
b
y
a
q
u
esti
o
n
n
air
e
with
clo
s
ed
q
u
est
io
n
s
an
d
th
at
ar
e
g
en
e
r
ally
u
s
ed
in
u
n
i
v
er
s
ity
in
s
titu
tio
n
s
to
ass
es
s
s
tu
d
en
t
s
atis
f
ac
tio
n
.
T
h
u
s
,
th
r
o
u
g
h
t
h
is
ca
s
e
s
tu
d
y
,
it
is
p
o
s
s
ib
le
to
s
h
o
w
th
at
it
is
p
o
s
s
ib
le
to
clo
s
e
a
g
ap
b
et
wee
n
th
e
f
ac
to
r
s
th
at
a
r
e
s
e
n
s
itiv
e
an
d
r
elev
a
n
t
to
th
e
u
n
iv
er
s
ity
(
wh
en
a
q
u
esti
o
n
n
air
e
with
d
elim
ited
q
u
esti
o
n
s
is
ap
p
lied
t
o
s
o
m
e
d
im
en
s
io
n
s
p
r
e
-
d
e
f
in
ed
b
y
th
e
e
d
u
ca
tio
n
al
in
s
titu
tio
n
)
with
r
eg
ar
d
i
n
g
th
e
f
ac
to
r
s
th
at
ar
e
s
en
s
itiv
e
an
d
r
elev
an
t
to
s
tu
d
en
ts
(
w
h
en
a
n
aly
zin
g
th
eir
f
r
ee
co
m
m
en
ts
f
r
o
m
th
e
u
s
e
o
f
v
o
ice
m
ess
ag
in
g
f
r
o
m
m
o
b
ile
a
p
p
licatio
n
s
)
.
Als
o
,
it
is
th
at
i
n
th
ese
tim
es
wh
en
th
er
e
is
m
u
c
h
talk
o
f
a
r
etu
r
n
to
a
n
ew
n
o
r
m
ality
in
ed
u
ca
ti
o
n
,
it
is
n
e
ce
s
s
ar
y
to
a
p
p
ly
t
o
o
ls
th
at
allo
w
u
s
to
tr
an
s
ce
n
d
b
etwe
en
a
p
u
r
ely
q
u
an
titativ
e
an
aly
s
is
an
d
a
q
u
alitativ
e
an
aly
s
is
b
ased
o
n
a
c
o
n
t
en
t
an
aly
s
is
,
wh
ich
b
r
o
ad
e
n
s
th
e
r
an
g
e
o
f
f
ac
to
r
s
th
at
f
r
o
m
th
e
p
er
s
p
ec
tiv
e
o
f
t
h
e
u
n
iv
er
s
ity
it
is
en
o
u
g
h
to
o
b
s
er
v
e
an
d
m
ea
s
u
r
e
th
em
,
b
u
t t
h
at
f
r
o
m
th
e
s
tu
d
en
t
’
s
p
o
s
itio
n
it is
n
o
t e
n
o
u
g
h
.
T
h
is
ca
s
e
s
tu
d
y
f
o
cu
s
ed
o
n
a
p
o
p
u
latio
n
m
ad
e
u
p
o
f
3
3
s
tu
d
en
ts
o
f
th
e
au
to
m
atic
p
r
o
ce
s
s
co
n
tr
o
l
s
u
b
ject,
f
r
o
m
th
e
s
ch
o
o
l
o
f
m
ec
h
an
ical
an
d
elec
tr
ical
en
g
in
ee
r
in
g
.
T
h
er
ef
o
r
e,
b
ased
o
n
th
e
k
n
o
wled
g
e
o
b
tain
ed
,
f
u
tu
r
e
s
tu
d
ies
co
u
ld
ex
p
an
d
th
e
s
co
p
e
o
f
th
is
s
am
e
lin
e
o
f
r
esear
c
h
.
I
n
s
u
c
h
a
way
th
at
a
g
r
ea
ter
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
f
ac
to
r
s
ca
n
b
e
id
en
t
if
ied
,
an
d
th
at
th
ey
ca
n
s
er
v
e
a
s
in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
f
o
r
th
e
au
t
h
o
r
iti
es to
r
ed
esig
n
th
eir
ev
alu
atio
n
in
s
tr
u
m
en
ts
o
f
s
tu
d
en
t
s
atis
f
ac
tio
n
o
n
teac
h
er
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
,
tak
in
g
in
to
ac
co
u
n
t
th
is
co
n
te
x
t
o
f
r
etu
r
n
to
a
n
ew
n
o
r
m
ality
o
f
th
e
ed
u
ca
tio
n
.
F
UNDING
I
NF
O
R
M
A
T
I
O
N
Au
th
o
r
s
s
tate
n
o
f
u
n
d
in
g
in
v
o
lv
ed
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
t J E
v
al
&
R
es E
d
u
c
I
SS
N:
2252
-
8
8
2
2
I
d
en
tifi
ca
tio
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f f
a
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s
th
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t in
flu
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s
tu
d
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tis
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fr
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lysi
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(
Oma
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ta
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ya
)
3751
AUTHO
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r
ed
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r
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h
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an
d
f
ac
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Na
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Aut
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So
Va
Fo
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Vi
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Fu
Om
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Atalay
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Gio
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Aq
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R
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Yu
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C
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DATA AV
AI
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AB
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T
h
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,
[
OC
A]
.
T
h
e
d
ata,
wh
ich
co
n
tain
in
f
o
r
m
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t
h
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co
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m
p
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is
e
th
e
p
r
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ac
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o
f
r
esear
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p
ar
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ts
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t p
u
b
licly
a
v
ailab
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d
u
e
to
ce
r
tain
r
estrictio
n
s
.
RE
F
E
R
E
NC
E
S
[
1
]
H
.
W
a
n
g
,
“
E
v
a
l
u
a
t
i
o
n
a
n
d
M
e
a
su
r
e
m
e
n
t
o
f
S
t
u
d
e
n
t
S
a
t
i
sf
a
c
t
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o
n
w
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t
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O
n
l
i
n
e
Le
a
r
n
i
n
g
U
n
d
e
r
I
n
t
e
g
r
a
t
i
o
n
o
f
Te
a
c
h
i
n
g
R
e
so
u
r
c
e
s,”
I
n
t
e
r
n
a
t
i
o
n
a
l
J
o
u
r
n
a
l
o
f
Em
e
r
g
i
n
g
T
e
c
h
n
o
l
o
g
i
e
s
i
n
L
e
a
r
n
i
n
g
(
i
J
ET)
,
v
o
l
.
1
7
,
n
o
.
1
1
,
p
.
9
9
,
2
0
2
2
,
d
o
i
:
1
0
.
3
9
9
1
/
i
j
e
t
.
v
1
7
i
1
1
.
3
2
0
3
7
.
[
2
]
L.
C
i
f
t
c
i
a
n
d
M
.
K
.
Ö
k
t
e
m,
“
I
n
t
e
r
n
a
t
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o
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u
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n
t
s’
s
a
t
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sf
a
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t
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o
n
p
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p
t
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o
n
o
f
a
d
mi
n
i
s
t
r
a
t
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v
e
ser
v
i
c
e
s,
”
J
o
u
r
n
a
l
o
f
I
n
t
e
r
n
a
t
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o
n
a
l
S
t
u
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n
t
s
,
v
o
l
.
1
4
,
n
o
.
4
,
p
p
.
9
8
9
–
1
0
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8
,
Ju
l
.
2
0
2
4
,
d
o
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:
1
0
.
3
2
6
7
4
/
j
i
s.
v
1
4
i
4
.
6
7
2
0
.
[
3
]
M
.
K
h
o
n
d
k
a
r
a
n
d
A
.
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