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Vietn
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,
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8
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2539
co
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[
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6
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.
As
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[
7
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[
1
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.
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T
h
ese
s
tu
d
ies
attem
p
t
to
ad
d
r
ess
th
e
is
s
u
e
o
f
cu
r
r
en
t
im
b
alan
ce
am
o
n
g
in
d
u
cto
r
s
;
h
o
wev
e
r
,
th
ey
r
e
q
u
ir
e
ad
d
itio
n
al
cu
r
r
en
t
s
en
s
o
r
s
an
d
m
o
r
e
co
m
p
lex
c
o
n
tr
o
l
m
et
h
o
d
s
[
1
3
]
–
[
1
6
]
.
B
u
ck
co
n
v
er
ter
ac
h
iev
es
h
ig
h
e
f
f
icien
cy
wh
e
n
th
e
o
u
tp
u
t
v
o
ltag
e
is
n
o
t
s
ig
n
if
ic
an
tly
lo
wer
th
a
n
th
e
in
p
u
t
v
o
ltag
e.
Ho
wev
er
,
as
th
e
v
o
ltag
e
co
n
v
e
r
s
io
n
r
atio
in
cr
ea
s
es,
th
e
ef
f
icien
c
y
o
f
th
e
co
n
v
e
r
ter
d
ec
lin
es
m
ar
k
e
d
l
y
.
Mo
r
e
o
v
er
,
all
s
witch
es
an
d
d
io
d
es
i
n
th
e
I
B
C
m
u
s
t
with
s
tan
d
th
e
h
ig
h
in
p
u
t
v
o
ltag
e
,
r
esu
ltin
g
in
s
ig
n
if
ican
t
s
witch
in
g
lo
s
s
wh
en
o
p
er
atin
g
at
h
ig
h
f
r
eq
u
e
n
cies
[
1
7
]
–
[
2
0
]
.
C
o
n
s
eq
u
en
tly
,
f
o
r
ap
p
licatio
n
s
d
em
an
d
in
g
lar
g
e
v
o
ltag
e
s
tep
-
d
o
wn
r
atio
s
,
alter
n
ativ
e
co
n
v
er
ter
to
p
o
l
o
g
ies with
s
u
p
er
io
r
co
n
v
er
s
io
n
ca
p
ab
ilit
ies ar
e
ty
p
ically
p
r
ef
er
r
e
d
.
T
h
e
s
er
ies
ca
p
ac
ito
r
(
SC
)
co
n
v
er
ter
as
s
h
o
wn
in
Fig
u
r
e
1
an
d
p
r
esen
ted
in
[
2
1
]
,
[
2
2
]
o
f
f
e
r
s
s
o
lu
tio
n
s
to
th
e
is
s
u
es
f
ac
ed
b
y
th
e
I
B
C
.
T
o
b
eg
in
with
,
th
e
SC
co
n
v
er
ter
h
as
twice
th
e
v
o
ltag
e
g
ain
wh
ile
im
p
o
s
in
g
lo
wer
v
o
ltag
e
s
tr
ess
o
n
th
e
s
em
ico
n
d
u
ct
o
r
d
e
v
ices.
Sp
ec
if
ically
,
th
e
v
o
ltag
e
s
tr
ess
o
n
s
witch
S
2
,
d
io
d
es
D
1
an
d
D
2
is
o
n
ly
V
in
/2
.
T
h
is
is
ac
h
iev
ed
b
ec
a
u
s
e
th
e
ca
p
ac
i
to
r
C
1
is
with
s
tan
d
in
g
h
alf
o
f
th
e
in
p
u
t
v
o
ltag
e,
wh
ich
is
V
in
/2
.
Seco
n
d
ly
,
d
u
e
t
o
th
e
ch
ar
g
e
-
d
is
ch
ar
g
e
eq
u
ilib
r
iu
m
o
f
ca
p
ac
ito
r
C
1
,
th
e
cu
r
r
e
n
t f
lo
win
g
th
r
o
u
g
h
th
e
two
in
d
u
cto
r
L
1
an
d
L
2
is
in
h
er
en
tly
b
alan
ce
d
.
Ho
wev
e
r
,
th
e
af
o
r
em
en
ti
o
n
ed
ad
v
an
ta
g
e
is
o
n
ly
r
ea
lized
wh
en
th
e
d
u
ty
c
y
cle
is
less
th
an
0
.
5
[
2
3
]
.
I
n
f
ac
t,
wh
en
th
e
d
u
ty
cy
cle
ex
ce
ed
s
0
.
5
,
t
h
e
v
o
ltag
e
s
tr
ess
o
n
th
e
s
witch
in
g
d
ev
ices
in
cr
ea
s
es
s
i
g
n
if
ican
tly
,
an
d
th
e
f
u
n
ctio
n
o
f
b
alan
cin
g
in
d
u
cto
r
cu
r
r
en
t
s
is
lo
s
t
[
2
4
]
,
[
2
5
]
.
C
h
en
et
a
l.
[
2
6
]
attem
p
ted
to
en
h
an
ce
th
e
p
e
r
f
o
r
m
an
ce
o
f
th
e
co
n
v
en
tio
n
al
SC
co
n
v
er
t
er
b
y
p
r
o
p
o
s
in
g
a
m
u
ltip
h
ase
SC
co
n
f
ig
u
r
atio
n
.
Ho
wev
er
,
th
e
m
ain
d
r
aw
b
ac
k
o
f
th
is
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
is
th
at
as
th
e
n
u
m
b
e
r
o
f
p
h
ases
in
cr
ea
s
es,
th
e
o
p
er
atin
g
r
an
g
e
b
ec
o
m
es
m
o
r
e
r
estricte
d
,
s
in
ce
th
e
m
ax
im
u
m
d
u
ty
c
y
cle
is
lim
ited
to
1
/n
,
wh
er
e
n
is
th
e
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
p
h
as
es.
Fig
u
r
e
1
.
Ser
ies ca
p
ac
ito
r
(
SC
)
co
n
v
e
r
ter
Sev
er
al
s
tu
d
ies
h
av
e
in
s
tead
ex
p
lo
r
ed
th
e
i
n
ter
leav
ed
f
l
o
atin
g
(
I
F)
s
tr
u
ctu
r
e
[
2
6
]
–
[
2
8
]
,
wh
ic
h
co
n
n
ec
ts
two
co
m
p
lem
en
tar
y
ce
lls
o
f
a
co
n
v
er
ter
in
a
f
lo
atin
g
-
in
p
u
t,
p
ar
allel
-
o
u
t
p
u
t
m
an
n
er
.
T
h
is
co
n
f
ig
u
r
atio
n
m
ai
n
tain
s
cu
r
r
e
n
t
b
alan
ce
b
etwe
en
p
h
ases
wh
ile
ac
h
iev
in
g
a
h
ig
h
e
r
co
n
v
e
r
s
io
n
r
atio
,
with
o
u
t
f
u
r
th
er
n
a
r
r
o
win
g
th
e
o
p
er
a
tin
g
r
an
g
e
o
f
th
e
co
n
v
er
ter
.
Ho
wev
er
,
f
o
r
s
u
cc
ess
f
u
l
in
ter
co
n
n
ec
tio
n
,
th
e
co
n
f
ig
u
r
ed
co
n
n
ec
tio
n
m
u
s
t
in
clu
d
e
b
o
t
h
N
-
ce
ll
an
d
P
-
ce
ll
ty
p
es,
as
illu
s
tr
ated
in
Fig
u
r
e
2.
No
tab
ly
,
th
ese
two
co
n
v
e
r
ter
ty
p
es
e
x
h
ib
it
id
en
tical
elec
tr
ical
ch
ar
ac
ter
i
s
tics
.
Fo
r
est
et
a
l.
[
2
9
]
s
o
u
g
h
t
to
en
h
an
ce
th
e
ca
p
ac
ity
b
y
ex
ten
d
i
n
g
th
e
I
F
s
tr
u
ctu
r
e
to
f
o
u
r
p
h
ases
.
Ho
wev
er
,
th
e
p
h
ase
c
u
r
r
en
ts
wer
e
n
o
t
in
h
er
en
tly
b
alan
ce
d
,
r
e
q
u
ir
in
g
ad
d
itio
n
al
cu
r
r
en
t sen
s
o
r
s
an
d
f
ee
d
b
ac
k
l
o
o
p
s
.
I
n
th
is
p
ap
e
r
,
a
f
lo
atin
g
d
u
al
s
er
ies
ca
p
ac
ito
r
(
FDSC
)
co
n
v
er
ter
b
ased
o
n
a
n
in
ter
lea
v
e
d
f
lo
atin
g
s
tr
u
ctu
r
e
is
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
,
as
illu
s
tr
ated
in
Fig
u
r
e
3
.
T
h
e
c
o
n
v
e
r
ter
is
d
ev
elo
p
ed
b
y
i
n
teg
r
ati
n
g
SC
ce
lls
in
to
an
in
ter
leav
ed
f
lo
atin
g
s
tr
u
ctu
r
e
to
ac
h
iev
e
a
h
i
g
h
er
c
o
n
v
e
r
s
io
n
r
atio
an
d
in
cr
ea
s
e
th
e
o
u
tp
u
t
p
o
wer
.
T
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
co
n
v
er
ter
is
en
g
in
e
er
ed
to
m
a
x
im
ize
v
o
ltag
e
g
ai
n
s
an
d
m
in
im
ize
v
o
ltag
e
s
tr
e
s
s
o
n
th
e
s
witch
in
g
d
ev
ices,
r
esu
ltin
g
in
r
ed
u
ce
d
s
witch
in
g
lo
s
s
es
an
d
im
p
r
o
v
e
d
ef
f
icien
cy
,
esp
ec
ially
in
h
ig
h
co
n
v
e
r
s
io
n
r
atio
ap
p
licatio
n
s
.
Mo
r
eo
v
er
,
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
co
n
v
er
ter
also
h
as
th
e
cu
r
r
en
t
b
ala
n
cin
g
f
ea
tu
r
e
th
at
n
atu
r
ally
eq
u
alize
s
th
e
cu
r
r
e
n
ts
in
th
e
f
o
u
r
in
d
u
ct
o
r
s
with
o
u
t r
eq
u
ir
in
g
f
ee
d
b
ac
k
co
n
tr
o
l o
r
s
en
s
in
g
ci
r
cu
its
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
0
8
8
-
8
6
9
4
I
n
t J Po
w
E
lec
&
Dr
i Sy
s
t
,
Vo
l.
16
,
No
.
4
,
Dec
em
b
er
20
25
:
2538
-
2
5
4
8
2540
Fig
u
r
e
2
.
I
n
ter
leav
ed
f
lo
atin
g
(
I
F)
s
tr
u
ctu
r
e
+
V
in
V
o
S
1
S
2
D
2
D
1
C
1
L
1
L
2
C
2
C
4
S
3
S
4
D
4
D
3
L
4
L
3
C
3
i
L
1
i
L
2
i
L
4
i
L
3
i
o
i
in
P
-
c
e
l
l
N
-
c
e
l
l
Fig
u
r
e
3
.
T
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
FDSC
co
n
v
er
te
r
2.
O
P
E
RAT
I
O
N
O
F
T
H
E
NO
VE
L
CO
N
VE
R
T
E
R
T
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
FDSC
co
n
v
er
te
r
,
s
h
o
wn
in
Fig
u
r
e
3
,
is
b
u
ilt
b
y
co
n
n
ec
tin
g
two
SC
co
n
v
er
ter
s
ca
lled
th
e
P
-
ce
ll
an
d
N
-
ce
ll
with
f
lo
atin
g
in
p
u
ts
an
d
p
ar
allel
o
u
tp
u
ts
.
T
h
e
f
o
u
r
o
p
er
atin
g
m
o
d
es
o
f
th
e
FDSC
co
n
v
er
ter
a
r
e
illu
s
tr
ated
in
Fig
u
r
e
4
an
d
th
eir
k
ey
wav
e
f
o
r
m
s
ar
e
s
h
o
wn
in
Fig
u
r
e
5
.
As
illu
s
tr
ated
in
Fig
u
r
e
5
,
b
o
th
ce
lls
u
s
e
th
e
s
am
e
g
ate
d
r
iv
in
g
s
ig
n
als,
b
u
t
with
a
90
∘
p
h
ase
s
h
if
t.
As
th
e
v
o
lta
g
e
an
d
cu
r
r
en
t
wav
ef
o
r
m
s
o
f
t
h
e
P
-
ce
ll
an
d
N
-
ce
ll
ar
e
id
en
tical,
o
n
ly
th
e
r
ep
r
esen
tativ
e
wav
ef
o
r
m
s
o
f
t
h
e
P
-
ce
ll
ar
e
s
h
o
wn
f
o
r
clar
ity
.
Fu
r
th
er
m
o
r
e,
d
u
e
to
th
e
in
h
er
en
t
lim
itatio
n
s
o
f
th
e
SC
co
n
v
er
ter
,
th
e
d
u
ty
cy
cle
o
f
th
e
FDSC
is
r
estricte
d
to
D
<
0
.
5
in
th
is
s
tu
d
y
.
[
Mo
d
e
0
,
Fig
u
r
e
4
(
a)
]
:
All
t
h
e
s
witch
es
ar
e
tu
r
n
ed
o
f
f
w
h
ile
all
th
e
d
io
d
es
ar
e
tu
r
n
ed
o
n
.
T
h
e
cu
r
r
en
t
f
lo
ws
th
r
o
u
g
h
t
h
e
lo
ad
b
y
th
e
lo
o
p
s
L
1
-
V
o
-
D
1
an
d
L
2
-
V
o
-
D
2
.
T
h
e
two
ca
p
ac
ito
r
s
C
2
an
d
C
4
ar
e
ch
ar
g
ed
th
r
o
u
g
h
th
e
lo
o
p
V
in
-
C
2
-
V
o
-
C
4
.
T
h
e
in
s
tan
tan
eo
u
s
v
o
ltag
e
ac
r
o
s
s
ea
ch
in
d
u
cto
r
is
eq
u
al
to
-
V
o
.
T
h
e
r
ef
o
r
e,
th
e
in
d
u
cto
r
c
u
r
r
e
n
ts
i
L
1
an
d
i
L
2
d
e
cr
ea
s
e
in
th
is
m
o
d
e.
{
V
L1
=
−
V
o
V
L2
=
−
V
o
(
1
)
[
Mo
d
e
1
,
Fig
u
r
e
4
(
b
)
]
:
S
1
a
n
d
D
2
ar
e
tu
r
n
ed
o
n
wh
ile
S
2
an
d
D
1
ar
e
tu
r
n
ed
o
f
f
.
I
n
t
h
is
m
o
d
e,
ca
p
ac
ito
r
C
1
is
ch
ar
g
ed
f
r
o
m
C
2
wi
th
a
cu
r
r
en
t
eq
u
al
to
i
L
1
f
lo
win
g
th
r
o
u
g
h
th
e
lo
o
p
S
1
-
C
1
-
L
1
-
V
o
-
C
2
.
T
h
e
in
d
u
cto
r
L
2
c
o
n
tin
u
es
d
is
ch
ar
g
in
g
th
r
o
u
g
h
th
e
lo
o
p
L
2
-
V
o
-
D
2
.
I
n
th
is
m
o
d
e
,
th
e
v
o
ltag
e
ac
r
o
s
s
L
1
is
p
o
s
itiv
e,
wh
ile
th
at
ac
r
o
s
s
L
2
is
n
eg
ativ
e.
T
h
e
in
d
u
cto
r
v
o
ltag
e
ca
n
b
e
ex
p
r
ess
ed
as:
{
1
=
2
−
1
−
2
=
−
(
2
)
[
Mo
d
e
2
,
Fig
u
r
e
4
(
c
)
]
:
S
2
an
d
D
1
ar
e
tu
r
n
ed
o
n
wh
ile
S
1
an
d
D
2
ar
e
tu
r
n
ed
o
f
f
.
T
h
e
c
ap
ac
ito
r
C
1
d
is
ch
ar
g
es
th
r
o
u
g
h
th
e
lo
o
p
C
1
-
S
2
-
L
2
-
V
o
-
D
1
,
d
eliv
er
in
g
a
cu
r
r
en
t
e
q
u
al
to
i
L
2
.
T
h
e
c
u
r
r
en
t
o
f
in
d
u
ct
o
r
L
1
cir
cu
lates
th
r
o
u
g
h
th
e
l
o
o
p
L
1
-
V
o
-
D
1
.
I
n
co
n
tr
ast
to
M
o
d
e
1
,
th
e
v
o
ltag
e
ac
r
o
s
s
L
1
b
ec
o
m
es
n
eg
ativ
e
wh
ile
th
at
ac
r
o
s
s
L
2
b
ec
o
m
es p
o
s
itiv
e,
as sh
o
wn
(
3
)
.
{
1
=
−
2
=
1
−
(
3
)
[
Mo
d
e
3
,
Fig
u
r
e
4
(
d
)
]
:
All
th
e
d
io
d
es
ar
e
tu
r
n
e
d
o
f
f
wh
ile
al
l
th
e
s
witch
es
ar
e
tu
r
n
e
d
o
n
.
T
h
e
cu
r
r
e
n
t
f
lo
ws
th
r
o
u
g
h
th
e
lo
ad
b
y
th
e
lo
o
p
s
L
1
-
V
o
-
C
2
-
S
1
-
C
1
an
d
L
2
-
V
o
-
C
2
-
S
1
-
S
2
.
T
h
e
two
ca
p
ac
i
to
r
s
C
2
an
d
C
4
ar
e
ch
ar
g
ed
th
r
o
u
g
h
th
e
lo
o
p
V
in
-
C
2
-
V
o
-
C
4
.
T
h
e
in
d
u
cto
r
cu
r
r
en
ts
i
L
1
an
d
i
L
2
in
cr
ea
s
e
i
n
th
is
m
o
d
e.
I
n
th
is
m
o
d
e,
th
e
v
o
ltag
e
ac
r
o
s
s
b
o
th
in
d
u
ct
o
r
s
is
p
o
s
itiv
e.
T
h
e
in
d
u
cto
r
v
o
ltag
es c
an
b
e
ex
p
r
ess
ed
as:
(
4
)
I
n
th
e
FDSC
co
n
v
er
ter
,
ca
p
a
cito
r
C
1
ac
ts
as
an
in
ter
m
ed
iate
en
er
g
y
s
to
r
a
g
e
elem
en
t:
i
t
s
to
r
es
en
er
g
y
b
y
ch
ar
g
in
g
in
s
er
ies
with
in
d
u
ct
o
r
L
1
d
u
r
in
g
Mo
d
e
1
an
d
r
ele
ases
th
is
en
er
g
y
to
L
2
d
u
r
in
g
Mo
d
e
2
.
T
h
u
s
,
th
e
en
er
g
y
d
eliv
er
ed
to
L
1
an
d
L
2
i
s
p
r
ec
is
ely
th
e
en
er
g
y
ex
c
h
an
g
ed
in
ca
p
ac
ito
r
C
1
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
t J Po
w
E
lec
&
Dr
i Sy
s
t
I
SS
N:
2088
-
8
6
9
4
In
terl
ea
ve
d
b
u
ck
co
n
ve
r
ter u
s
in
g
a
flo
a
tin
g
d
u
a
l ser
ies
-
ca
p
a
cito
r
to
p
o
lo
g
y
(
C
h
a
n
V
iet
N
g
u
ye
n
)
2541
(
a)
(
b
)
(
c)
(
d
)
Fig
u
r
e
4
.
Op
e
r
atio
n
m
o
d
es o
f
th
e
P
-
ce
ll SC
co
n
v
er
ter
:
(
a)
m
o
d
e
0
,
(
b
)
m
o
d
e
1
,
(
c
)
m
o
d
e
2
,
an
d
(
d
)
m
o
d
e
3
Fig
u
r
e
5
.
Key
wav
ef
o
r
m
s
o
f
t
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
co
n
v
er
ter
3.
CH
ARAC
T
E
R
I
ST
I
CS
O
F
T
H
E
F
DSC
CO
NV
E
RT
E
R
3
.
1
.
Vo
l
t
a
g
e
g
a
in
W
h
en
D
<
0
.
5
,
th
e
d
u
r
atio
n
s
o
f
Mo
d
e
1
a
n
d
Mo
d
e
2
ar
e
eq
u
al,
ea
ch
last
in
g
DT
s
.
Mo
d
e
0
o
p
er
ates f
o
r
(1
-
2
D
)
T
s
.
T
h
e
v
o
ltag
es
o
f
i
n
d
u
cto
r
s
L
1
an
d
L
2
,
d
en
o
ted
as
v
L
1
a
n
d
v
L
2
,
ar
e
illu
s
tr
ated
in
Fig
u
r
e
5
.
I
t
ca
n
b
e
o
b
s
er
v
ed
th
at,
with
in
ea
ch
s
witch
in
g
cy
cle,
th
e
in
d
u
cto
r
v
o
ltag
e
alter
n
ates
b
etwe
en
p
o
s
itiv
e
an
d
n
eg
ativ
e
in
ter
v
als.
Acc
o
r
d
i
n
g
t
o
th
e
f
lu
x
(
v
o
lt
–
s
ec
)
b
ala
n
ce
co
n
d
itio
n
,
th
e
a
v
er
ag
e
in
d
u
ct
o
r
v
o
ltag
e
o
v
er
o
n
e
s
witch
in
g
p
er
io
d
m
u
s
t
b
e
ze
r
o
.
I
n
o
th
e
r
wo
r
d
s
,
th
e
ar
ea
o
f
th
e
p
o
s
itiv
e
p
o
r
tio
n
(
v
o
ltag
e
×
tim
e)
m
u
s
t
b
e
eq
u
al
to
th
at
o
f
th
e
n
eg
ativ
e
p
o
r
tio
n
.
T
h
er
ef
o
r
e,
th
e
v
o
ltag
e
ac
r
o
s
s
th
e
two
i
n
d
u
cto
r
s
ca
n
b
e
e
x
p
r
ess
ed
as
(
5
)
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
0
8
8
-
8
6
9
4
I
n
t J Po
w
E
lec
&
Dr
i Sy
s
t
,
Vo
l.
16
,
No
.
4
,
Dec
em
b
er
20
25
:
2538
-
2
5
4
8
2542
{
1
1
=
−
1
0
(
1
−
2
)
−
1
2
2
2
=
−
2
0
(
1
−
2
)
−
2
1
(
5
)
B
y
s
u
b
s
titu
tin
g
(
1
)
–
(
4
)
in
t
o
(
5
)
,
th
e
v
o
ltag
es a
cr
o
s
s
C
1
an
d
C
2
ar
e
o
b
tain
e
d
.
{
1
=
2
=
2
0
<
≤
0
.
5
(
6
)
T
h
e
v
o
ltag
e
ac
r
o
s
s
C
1
is
al
wa
y
s
h
alf
o
f
th
at
ac
r
o
s
s
C
2
.
C
o
n
s
eq
u
en
tly
,
C
1
b
lo
ck
s
h
alf
o
f
th
e
s
witch
v
o
ltag
e
d
u
r
in
g
o
p
er
atio
n
,
th
er
eb
y
r
ed
u
cin
g
v
o
ltag
e
s
tr
ess
o
n
th
e
s
witch
in
g
d
e
v
ices.
Sin
ce
th
e
p
r
o
p
er
ties
o
f
th
e
N
-
ce
ll
an
d
P
-
ce
ll
SC
ar
e
id
en
tical,
th
e
v
o
ltag
es
ac
r
o
s
s
C
3
an
d
C
4
co
r
r
esp
o
n
d
to
th
o
s
e
o
f
C
1
an
d
C
2
,
r
esp
ec
tiv
ely
.
Fro
m
th
e
V
in
–
C
2
–
V
o
–
C
4
lo
o
p
s
h
o
wn
in
Fig
u
r
e
3
(
r
ed
lo
o
p
)
,
th
e
o
u
tp
u
t
v
o
lta
g
e
o
f
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
FDSC
co
n
v
er
ter
is
o
b
tain
ed
as
(
7
)
.
=
2
+
4
−
(
7
)
B
ased
o
n
(
6
)
an
d
(
7
)
,
an
d
co
n
s
id
er
in
g
th
e
s
y
m
m
etr
y
b
etwe
en
th
e
P
-
ce
ll
an
d
N
-
ce
ll,
it
lead
s
to
2
=
4
,
1
=
3
.
T
h
e
o
u
tp
u
t v
o
ltag
e
o
f
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
c
o
n
v
e
r
ter
ca
n
b
e
ex
p
r
ess
ed
as
(
8
)
.
=
(
4
−
)
(
8
)
Fro
m
(
8
)
,
it
is
ev
id
e
n
t
th
at
t
h
e
FDSC
co
n
v
er
ter
ca
n
s
tep
d
o
wn
a
lar
g
e
in
p
u
t
v
o
ltag
e
to
a
m
u
c
h
s
m
aller
o
u
tp
u
t
v
o
ltag
e
with
a
v
er
y
h
ig
h
co
n
v
er
s
io
n
r
atio
,
ex
ce
ed
in
g
7
tim
es.
I
n
co
n
tr
ast,
a
ch
iev
in
g
th
e
s
am
e
r
atio
with
a
co
n
v
en
tio
n
al
b
u
ck
co
n
v
er
ter
wo
u
l
d
r
eq
u
ir
e
a
n
ex
tr
em
ely
s
m
all
d
u
ty
cy
cle.
Fig
u
r
e
6
co
m
p
a
r
es
th
e
v
o
ltag
e
g
ain
o
f
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
co
n
v
er
ter
with
th
at
o
f
a
co
n
v
en
tio
n
al
b
u
ck
c
o
n
v
e
r
ter
,
s
h
o
win
g
th
at
th
e
FDSC
co
n
s
is
ten
tly
ac
h
iev
es
a
h
ig
h
er
co
n
v
er
s
io
n
r
atio
at
th
e
s
a
m
e
d
u
ty
cy
cle.
I
t
is
also
w
ell
k
n
o
wn
t
h
at
th
e
ef
f
icien
cy
o
f
s
tep
-
d
o
w
n
co
n
v
er
ter
s
d
ec
r
ea
s
es
s
ig
n
if
ican
tly
wh
en
th
e
d
u
ty
cy
cle
b
ec
o
m
es
ex
tr
em
ely
lo
w.
B
y
attain
in
g
a
h
ig
h
c
o
n
v
e
r
s
io
n
r
atio
with
o
u
t
r
eso
r
tin
g
to
s
u
c
h
lo
w
d
u
ty
cy
cles,
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
co
n
v
e
r
ter
o
f
f
er
s
s
u
p
er
io
r
s
u
itab
ilit
y
f
o
r
h
ig
h
s
tep
-
d
o
wn
ap
p
licatio
n
s
co
m
p
ar
e
d
with
co
n
v
en
tio
n
al
d
esig
n
s
3.
2
.
I
nd
uct
o
r
curr
ent
ba
la
ncing
As
s
h
o
wn
in
Fig
u
r
e
5
,
t
h
e
ch
ar
g
e
an
d
d
is
ch
ar
g
e
tim
e
o
f
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
co
n
v
er
ter
ar
e
eq
u
al
to
DT
s
.
Fo
llo
win
g
th
e
ch
ar
g
e
b
alan
ce
co
n
d
itio
n
f
o
r
ca
p
ac
ito
r
C
1
,
th
e
ch
ar
g
e
a
n
d
d
is
ch
ar
g
e
ar
ea
s
o
f
ca
p
ac
ito
r
C
1
m
u
s
t
b
e
eq
u
al.
Mo
r
e
o
v
er
,
th
e
ca
p
a
cito
r
C
1
is
ch
ar
g
ed
an
d
d
is
ch
ar
g
ed
b
y
i
L
1
an
d
i
L
2
,
r
esp
ec
tiv
ely
.
T
h
er
ef
o
r
e,
th
e
av
er
ag
e
cu
r
r
en
t
o
f
L
1
an
d
L
2
ar
e
eq
u
al.
I
t is si
m
ilar
f
o
r
I
L
3
an
d
I
L
4
.
As
m
en
tio
n
ed
in
Fo
r
est
et
a
l.
[
2
9
]
,
th
e
two
ce
lls
o
f
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
co
n
v
er
ter
ar
e
also
n
atu
r
ally
b
alan
ce
d
b
y
th
e
s
p
ec
ial
i
n
p
u
t
f
lo
atin
g
o
u
tp
u
t
p
ar
allel
s
tr
u
ctu
r
e.
T
h
u
s
,
th
e
f
o
u
r
av
e
r
ag
e
in
d
u
cto
r
cu
r
r
en
ts
in
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
co
n
v
er
ter
ar
e
g
iv
en
b
y
:
1
=
2
=
3
=
4
=
+
4
(
9
)
As
in
d
icate
d
b
y
(
9
)
,
th
e
co
n
v
er
ter
in
h
er
e
n
tly
m
ain
tain
s
b
alan
ce
d
in
d
u
ct
o
r
cu
r
r
en
t
with
o
u
t
r
eq
u
ir
in
g
a
n
y
s
u
p
p
lem
en
tar
y
s
en
s
o
r
s
o
r
co
n
t
r
o
l a
lg
o
r
ith
m
s
,
th
er
eb
y
s
im
p
lif
y
in
g
th
e
s
y
s
tem
an
d
en
s
u
r
i
n
g
p
o
wer
eq
u
ilib
r
iu
m
.
3
.
3
.
I
nd
uct
o
r
curr
ent
rippl
e
s
o
f
t
he
pro
po
s
ed
co
nv
er
t
er
F
r
o
m
i
n
d
u
c
t
o
r
c
u
r
r
e
n
t
w
a
v
e
f
o
r
m
s
i
n
F
i
g
u
r
e
5
,
t
h
e
i
n
d
u
c
t
o
r
c
u
r
r
e
n
t
r
i
p
p
l
e
o
f
L
1
t
o
L
4
c
a
n
b
e
g
i
v
e
n
a
s
(
1
1
)
.
∆
1
−
4
=
(
1
−
)
(
1
1
)
w
h
er
e:
L
is
th
e
in
d
u
ctan
ce
o
f
in
d
u
cto
r
s
L
1
–
L
4
.
T
h
ese
in
d
u
cto
r
s
ar
e
n
o
r
m
all
y
s
elec
ted
with
eq
u
al
v
alu
es
to
en
s
u
r
e
o
p
tim
al
in
ter
leav
in
g
p
e
r
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
.
sw
is
th
e
s
w
itch
in
g
f
r
eq
u
e
n
cy
o
f
th
e
co
n
v
er
ter
.
T
o
ac
h
iev
e
th
e
b
est
in
ter
leav
in
g
e
f
f
ec
t,
t
h
e
p
h
ase
cu
r
r
en
ts
o
f
th
e
co
n
v
er
ter
m
u
s
t
b
e
e
q
u
al
in
m
ag
n
itu
d
e
an
d
e
v
en
ly
p
h
ase
-
s
h
if
ted
[
3
0
]
,
[
3
1
]
.
I
n
th
e
ca
s
e
o
f
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
FDSC
co
n
v
er
ter
,
wh
ich
o
p
e
r
ates
with
f
o
u
r
p
h
a
s
es,
th
e
p
h
ase
s
h
if
t
b
etwe
en
ad
jace
n
t p
h
ases
is
9
0
°.
T
h
e
o
u
tp
u
t c
u
r
r
en
t r
ip
p
le
o
f
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
co
n
v
er
ter
ca
n
b
e
ex
p
r
ess
ed
as:
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
t J Po
w
E
lec
&
Dr
i Sy
s
t
I
SS
N:
2088
-
8
6
9
4
In
terl
ea
ve
d
b
u
ck
co
n
ve
r
ter u
s
in
g
a
flo
a
tin
g
d
u
a
l ser
ies
-
ca
p
a
cito
r
to
p
o
lo
g
y
(
C
h
a
n
V
iet
N
g
u
ye
n
)
2543
∆
=
{
(
1
−
4
)
0
<
≤
0
.
25
(
1
−
2
)
(
4
−
1
)
2
0
.
25
<
≤
0
.
5
(
1
2
)
Fig
u
r
e
7
illu
s
tr
ates
th
e
o
u
tp
u
t c
u
r
r
en
t
r
ip
p
le
o
f
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
co
n
v
er
ter
in
co
m
p
a
r
is
o
n
with
th
at
o
f
th
e
f
o
u
r
-
p
h
ase
in
ter
leav
ed
b
u
ck
c
o
n
v
er
ter
(
4
P
-
I
B
C
)
.
B
o
th
co
n
v
er
ter
s
ar
e
ev
alu
ated
u
n
d
er
i
d
en
tical
co
n
d
itio
n
s
,
in
clu
d
in
g
th
e
s
am
e
co
n
v
er
s
io
n
r
atio
an
d
in
d
u
cto
r
v
alu
e.
I
t
i
s
o
b
s
er
v
ed
th
at
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
co
n
v
er
ter
e
x
h
ib
its
a
s
ig
n
if
ican
tly
lo
wer
o
u
tp
u
t
cu
r
r
en
t
r
i
p
p
le
t
h
an
th
e
4
P
-
I
B
C
.
T
h
is
im
p
r
o
v
em
en
t
is
attr
ib
u
ted
to
th
e
f
ac
t
t
h
at
th
e
v
o
ltag
e
ac
r
o
s
s
th
e
in
d
u
cto
r
in
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
to
p
o
lo
g
y
is
lo
wer
th
an
th
at
in
a
co
n
v
en
tio
n
al
4
P
-
I
B
C
.
C
o
n
s
eq
u
en
tly
,
th
e
FDSC
co
n
v
er
ter
allo
ws
f
o
r
a
r
ed
u
cti
o
n
in
b
o
th
t
h
e
in
d
u
ctan
ce
1
-
4
an
d
th
e
o
u
tp
u
t
ca
p
ac
itan
ce
C
o
,
th
er
eb
y
en
h
a
n
cin
g
th
e
d
y
n
am
ic
r
esp
o
n
s
e
o
f
th
e
s
y
s
tem
.
Fig
u
r
e
6
.
Vo
ltag
e
g
ain
o
f
th
e
4
P
-
I
B
C
,
SC
,
an
d
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
co
n
v
er
ter
F
ig
u
r
e
7
.
Ou
t
p
u
t c
u
r
r
en
t r
i
p
p
l
e
o
f
th
e
4
P
-
I
B
C
,
SC
,
an
d
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
c
o
n
v
e
r
ter
3
.
4
.
T
he
co
nv
er
t
er
cha
r
a
ct
e
ristics
T
ab
le
1
p
r
o
v
id
es
a
co
m
p
r
eh
e
n
s
iv
e
co
m
p
ar
is
o
n
b
etwe
en
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
FDSC
an
d
o
th
er
co
n
v
er
ter
s
,
in
clu
d
in
g
t
h
e
f
o
u
r
-
p
h
ase
in
ter
leav
ed
b
u
ck
co
n
v
er
t
er
(
4
P
-
I
B
C
)
,
th
e
s
er
ies
ca
p
ac
ito
r
(
SC
)
co
n
v
er
ter
,
an
d
th
e
co
u
p
led
-
i
n
d
u
cto
r
b
u
c
k
(
C
I
B
)
co
n
v
er
ter
.
I
n
ter
m
s
o
f
o
p
er
ati
n
g
r
an
g
e
,
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
FDSC
is
r
estricte
d
to
d
u
ty
cy
cles b
elo
w
0
.
5
,
wh
ich
is
n
ar
r
o
wer
th
an
th
at
o
f
th
e
o
th
er
co
n
v
er
ter
s
.
Nev
er
th
eless
,
th
is
li
m
itatio
n
is
o
f
f
s
et
b
y
s
ev
er
al
r
em
ar
k
a
b
le
ad
v
an
tag
e
s
.
Sp
ec
if
ically
,
th
e
FDSC
ex
h
ib
its
th
e
lo
west
v
o
ltag
e
s
tr
ess
o
n
s
em
ico
n
d
u
ct
o
r
d
ev
ices,
en
s
u
r
in
g
im
p
r
o
v
e
d
ef
f
icien
cy
.
Mo
r
e
o
v
er
,
it
in
h
e
r
en
tly
ac
h
iev
es
s
elf
-
b
alan
cin
g
o
f
th
e
o
u
tp
u
t
v
o
ltag
es
ac
r
o
s
s
all
f
o
u
r
p
h
ases
with
o
u
t
r
eq
u
ir
i
n
g
ad
d
itio
n
al
co
n
tr
o
l
cir
cu
its
.
B
ey
o
n
d
th
at,
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
to
p
o
lo
g
y
attain
s
th
e
h
ig
h
est
c
o
n
v
e
r
s
io
n
r
atio
am
o
n
g
th
e
c
o
m
p
a
r
ed
c
o
n
f
ig
u
r
atio
n
s
,
wh
ile
s
im
u
ltan
e
o
u
s
ly
p
r
o
d
u
ci
n
g
t
h
e
s
m
allest o
u
tp
u
t v
o
ltag
e
r
ip
p
le,
m
ak
in
g
it
h
ig
h
ly
attr
ac
tiv
e
f
o
r
h
ig
h
s
tep
-
d
o
wn
,
h
ig
h
-
e
f
f
icien
cy
ap
p
licatio
n
s
.
T
ab
le
1
.
C
o
m
p
a
r
is
o
n
b
etwe
en
th
e
FDSC
an
d
o
th
er
co
n
v
er
ter
s
C
o
n
v
e
r
t
e
r
s
F
D
S
C
(
P
r
o
p
o
se
d
c
o
n
v
e
r
t
e
r
)
4P
-
I
B
C
(
*
*
)
SC
(
*
*
)
C
I
B
(
*
*
)
D
u
t
y
c
y
c
l
e
(
D
)
0
<
≤
0
.
5
0
<
<
1
0
<
≤
0
.
5
0
<
<
1
V
o
l
t
a
g
e
s
t
r
e
ss (*
)
S
1
,
S
3
(
4
−
)
V
in
2
V
in
S
2
,
S
4
2
(
4
−
)
V
in
V
in
V
in
D
1
,
D
3
(
4
−
)
V
in
2
V
in
D
2
,
D
4
(
4
−
)
V
in
2
V
in
V
o
l
t
a
g
e
g
a
i
n
(
)
(
4
−
)
D
2
D
O
u
t
p
u
t
c
u
r
r
e
n
t
r
i
p
p
l
e
(
∆
)
Lo
w
e
s
t
M
e
d
i
u
m
H
i
g
h
Lo
w
C
u
r
r
e
n
t
b
a
l
a
n
c
i
n
g
Y
e
s
No
Y
e
s
No
*
n
o
t
e
:
I
n
b
o
t
h
S
C
a
n
d
C
I
B
,
o
n
l
y
t
h
e
d
e
v
i
c
e
s
S
1
,
S
2
,
D
1
,
a
n
d
D
2
a
r
e
p
r
e
se
n
t
;
*
*
4
P
-
I
B
C
:
F
o
u
r
p
h
a
se
i
n
t
e
r
l
e
a
v
e
d
b
u
c
k
c
o
n
v
e
r
t
e
r
;
S
C
:
S
e
r
i
e
s c
a
p
a
c
i
t
o
r
c
o
n
v
e
r
t
e
r
;
C
I
B
:
C
o
u
p
l
e
d
i
n
d
u
c
t
o
r
b
u
c
k
c
o
n
v
e
r
t
e
r
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
0
8
8
-
8
6
9
4
I
n
t J Po
w
E
lec
&
Dr
i Sy
s
t
,
Vo
l.
16
,
No
.
4
,
Dec
em
b
er
20
25
:
2538
-
2
5
4
8
2544
4.
E
XP
E
R
I
M
E
N
T
A
L
VE
R
I
F
I
CATI
O
N
A
1
.
3
k
W
FDSC
co
n
v
er
ter
,
as
s
h
o
wn
in
Fig
u
r
e
8
,
was
b
u
ilt
an
d
test
ed
.
T
h
e
ex
p
er
i
m
en
tal
r
esu
lts
ar
e
s
h
o
wn
in
Fig
u
r
es
9
–
1
2
an
d
th
e
co
n
v
er
te
r
p
ar
a
m
eter
s
ar
e
p
r
e
s
en
ted
in
T
ab
le
2
.
T
h
e
co
n
v
er
t
er
was
d
esig
n
ed
to
wo
r
k
o
v
er
a
wid
e
in
p
u
t
v
o
lta
g
e
r
an
g
e
(
f
r
o
m
3
0
0
to
4
5
0
V
)
wh
ile
th
e
o
u
tp
u
t
v
o
ltag
e
was
co
n
tr
o
lle
d
at
4
5
V
.
T
h
e
g
ate
s
ig
n
als o
f
S
1
to
S
4
ar
e
s
h
if
ted
b
y
90°
.
L
1
L
2
L
3
L
4
C
3
C
2
C
1
C
4
C
o
Fig
u
r
e
8
.
T
h
e
p
r
o
to
ty
p
e
o
f
FD
SC
co
n
v
er
ter
T
ab
le
2
.
E
x
p
er
im
en
tal
p
ar
am
e
ter
s
S
y
m
b
o
l
Va
lu
e
S
y
m
b
o
l
Va
lu
e
V
in
/V
o
3
0
0
–
4
5
0
V
/
4
5
V
C
1
, C
3
4
.
4
µF
P
out
1
.
3
kW
C
2
, C
4
1
0
0
µF
f
sw
55
k
Hz
L
1
, L
2
,
L
3
,
L
4
2
5
0
µH
S
1
–
S
4
S
CT3
0
6
0
AR
D
1
–
D
4
S
CS
3
2
0
AM
2
Fig
u
r
e
9
s
h
o
ws
th
e
ex
p
er
i
m
en
tal
wav
ef
o
r
m
s
o
f
i
n
d
u
ct
o
r
c
u
r
r
en
ts
(
i
L
1
,
i
L
2
,
i
L
3
,
an
d
i
L
4
)
a
n
d
s
em
ico
n
d
u
cto
r
d
e
v
ice
v
o
ltag
e
s
(
v
S1
,
v
D
1
,
v
S
2
,
an
d
v
D
2
)
at
(
D
=
0
.
4
5
,
V
in
=
3
6
0
V
,
V
o
=
4
5
V
,
an
d
P
o
=
1
.
3
kW
)
.
T
h
e
g
ate
d
r
i
v
in
g
s
ig
n
als
ar
e
s
h
o
wn
in
Fig
u
r
e
9
(
a)
.
Owi
n
g
to
th
e
s
elf
-
b
alan
cin
g
ca
p
a
b
ilit
y
o
f
th
e
FDSC
co
n
f
ig
u
r
atio
n
,
th
e
p
h
ase
cu
r
r
e
n
ts
r
em
ain
b
ala
n
ce
d
e
v
en
wit
h
o
u
t
th
e
u
s
e
o
f
s
en
s
o
r
s
o
r
f
e
ed
b
ac
k
c
o
n
tr
o
l.
As
illu
s
tr
ated
in
Fig
u
r
e
9
(
b
)
,
th
e
f
o
u
r
in
d
u
cto
r
cu
r
r
e
n
ts
ar
e
well
b
alan
ce
d
,
with
a
r
i
p
p
le
o
f
a
p
p
r
o
x
im
ately
2
5
%
(
ab
o
u
t
2
A
)
.
Fu
r
th
er
m
o
r
e,
th
e
in
ter
leav
in
g
ef
f
ec
t
o
f
th
e
f
o
u
r
p
h
ases
s
ig
n
if
ica
n
tly
r
e
d
u
ce
s
th
e
o
u
tp
u
t
cu
r
r
en
t
r
ip
p
le
to
ab
o
u
t
0
.
5
A
.
T
h
is
l
o
w
r
ip
p
le
allo
ws
o
p
tim
izatio
n
o
f
th
e
p
h
ase
in
d
u
cto
r
v
alu
es
an
d
th
e
o
u
tp
u
t
ca
p
ac
ito
r
r
ea
ctan
ce
d
u
r
in
g
t
h
e
d
esig
n
s
tag
e,
th
er
eb
y
en
h
an
cin
g
th
e
d
y
n
am
ic
r
esp
o
n
s
e
o
f
th
e
co
n
v
er
ter
.
Fig
u
r
e
9
(
c)
also
s
h
o
ws
th
e
v
o
ltag
e
s
tr
ess
es
o
f
s
witch
es
S
1
an
d
S
2
ar
e
1
0
0
V
a
n
d
2
0
0
V
,
r
esp
ec
tiv
ely
.
T
h
e
v
o
ltag
e
s
tr
ess
es
o
f
d
io
d
es
D
1
an
d
D
2
,
a
r
e
1
0
0
V
.
T
h
e
s
am
e
also
ap
p
lies
to
s
witch
es
S
3
,
S
4
an
d
d
io
d
es
D
3
,
D
4
,
s
in
ce
th
e
FDS
C
s
tr
u
ctu
r
e
co
n
s
is
ts
o
f
s
y
m
m
etr
ical
P
-
ce
ll
an
d
N
-
ce
ll
co
n
f
ig
u
r
atio
n
s
.
C
o
m
p
ar
ed
with
th
e
co
n
v
en
tio
n
al
4
P
-
I
B
C
,
in
wh
ich
th
e
s
witch
in
g
d
ev
ices
ex
p
er
ien
ce
th
e
f
u
ll
in
p
u
t
v
o
ltag
e
(
V
in
≈
360
V
)
,
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
co
n
v
er
te
r
s
ig
n
if
ican
tly
r
ed
u
ce
s
th
e
v
o
ltag
e
s
tr
ess
o
n
th
e
s
w
itch
es.
T
h
is
r
ed
u
ctio
n
d
ir
ec
tly
co
n
tr
ib
u
tes to
im
p
r
o
v
e
d
co
n
v
e
r
s
io
n
ef
f
icien
cy
.
An
ad
d
itio
n
al
ex
p
er
im
en
t
was
co
n
d
u
cted
to
e
x
am
in
e
th
e
e
f
f
ec
t
o
f
in
d
u
cta
n
ce
m
is
m
atch
,
a
s
s
h
o
wn
in
Fig
u
r
e
10
.
I
n
t
h
is
ca
s
e,
th
e
in
d
u
cto
r
L
1
was
d
elib
e
r
ately
r
ed
u
ce
d
to
2
0
0
µH
,
co
m
p
ar
e
d
to
2
5
0
µH
f
o
r
th
e
r
em
ain
in
g
in
d
u
cto
r
s
.
I
t
ca
n
b
e
s
ee
n
th
at
alth
o
u
g
h
th
e
r
ip
p
le
o
f
i
L
1
is
lar
g
er
th
an
th
at
o
f
th
e
o
th
er
in
d
u
ct
o
r
s
,
th
e
av
er
ag
e
cu
r
r
en
t
v
alu
es
ac
r
o
s
s
all
f
o
u
r
in
d
u
ct
o
r
s
r
em
ain
eq
u
al.
T
h
is
d
em
o
n
s
tr
ates
th
at
th
e
cu
r
r
en
t
-
b
alan
cin
g
ca
p
ab
ilit
y
o
f
th
e
FDSC
co
n
f
ig
u
r
atio
n
is
in
d
e
p
en
d
e
n
t o
f
th
e
in
d
u
cto
r
v
alu
es.
An
o
th
er
s
im
ilar
e
x
p
er
im
e
n
t
w
as
co
n
d
u
cte
d
,
Fig
u
r
e
1
1
,
illu
s
t
r
atin
g
th
e
wav
ef
o
r
m
s
o
f
f
o
u
r
cu
r
r
en
ts
in
th
e
FDSC
cir
cu
it
u
n
d
er
co
n
d
itio
n
s
wh
er
e
th
e
g
ate
d
r
i
v
in
g
s
ig
n
al
ar
e
in
ten
tio
n
ally
m
is
m
atch
ed
.
T
h
e
g
ate
s
ig
n
al
f
o
r
S
1
was
d
elib
er
ately
alter
ed
(
D
S
1
=
0
.
4
2
a
n
d
D
S
2
=
D
S
3
=
D
S
4
=
0
.
4
5
)
,
t
h
e
f
o
u
r
in
d
u
cto
r
c
u
r
r
e
n
ts
ar
e
s
till
b
alan
ce
d
.
T
o
clar
if
y
in
g
a
p
o
in
t
o
f
h
e
r
e
th
at
th
e
in
d
u
cto
r
cu
r
r
en
t
b
alan
ci
n
g
f
u
n
ctio
n
d
o
es
n
o
t
m
ea
n
all
th
e
in
d
u
cto
r
cu
r
r
e
n
ts
m
u
s
t
b
e
p
er
f
ec
t
eq
u
al,
s
o
it
ca
n
b
e
o
b
s
er
v
e
d
th
at
th
e
av
er
ag
e
v
alu
es
o
f
th
e
cu
r
r
e
n
ts
i
L
1
–
i
L
4
s
h
o
w
s
o
m
e
d
ev
iatio
n
i
L
1
r
ea
ch
es 7
.
5
A
wh
ile
i
L
2
,
i
L
3
,
an
d
i
L
4
ar
e
at
7
A
.
As lo
n
g
as th
e
in
d
u
c
to
r
cu
r
r
e
n
ts
ar
e
n
o
t
“lo
s
in
g
co
n
tr
o
l”
wh
ich
co
u
ld
lead
to
d
eg
r
ad
e
d
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
o
r
p
o
ten
tial d
am
ag
e
to
cir
c
u
it c
o
m
p
o
n
en
ts
,
a
litt
le
m
is
m
atch
in
th
e
in
d
u
cto
r
cu
r
r
en
ts
is
s
till
ac
ce
p
tab
le.
I
t
s
h
o
u
ld
also
b
e
n
o
ted
th
at
in
p
r
ac
tical
ap
p
licatio
n
s
,
a
d
u
ty
cy
cle
d
ev
iatio
n
o
f
0
.
0
3
is
r
elativ
ely
s
ig
n
if
ican
t.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
t J Po
w
E
lec
&
Dr
i Sy
s
t
I
SS
N:
2088
-
8
6
9
4
In
terl
ea
ve
d
b
u
ck
co
n
ve
r
ter u
s
in
g
a
flo
a
tin
g
d
u
a
l ser
ies
-
ca
p
a
cito
r
to
p
o
lo
g
y
(
C
h
a
n
V
iet
N
g
u
ye
n
)
2545
(
a)
(
b
)
v
D1
[
1
0
0
V
/
d
i
v
]
v
D2
[
1
0
0
V
/
d
i
v
]
[
5
µs
/
d
i
v
]
2
1
v
S1
[
1
0
0
V
/
d
i
v
]
v
S2
[
1
0
0
V
/
d
i
v
]
4
3
100
V
200
V
100
V
0
V
0
V
(
c)
Fig
u
r
e
9
.
E
x
p
er
im
e
n
tal
wav
ef
o
r
m
s
wh
en
D
=
0
.
4
5
,
V
in
=
3
6
0
V,
V
o
=
4
5
V,
P
o
=
1
3
0
0
W
: (
a)
g
ate
s
ig
n
als
,
(
b
)
in
d
u
cto
r
c
u
r
r
e
n
t a
n
d
o
u
tp
u
t c
u
r
r
en
t
,
a
n
d
(
c
)
d
io
d
e
v
o
ltag
e
an
d
s
witch
v
o
ltag
e
[
5
µs
/
d
i
v
]
i
L
1
[1
A
/
d
i
v
]
L
1
=
2
0
0
µH
i
L
1
=
2
.
5
A
i
L
2
[1
A
/
d
i
v
]
i
L
3
[1
A
/
d
i
v
]
i
L
4
[1
A
/
d
i
v
]
4
3
2
1
L
2
,
3
,
4
=
2
5
0
µH
i
L
2
,
3
,
4
=2
A
8
A
7
A
6
A
[
5
µs
/
d
i
v
]
i
L
1
[1
A
/
d
i
v
]
D
S
1
=
0
.
4
2
I
L
1
=
7
.
5
A
i
L
2
[1
A
/
d
i
v
]
i
L
4
[1
A
/
d
i
v
]
4
3
2
1
8
A
7
A
6
A
D
S
2
,
3
,
4
=
0
.
4
5
I
L
2
,
3
,
4
=7
A
Fig
u
r
e
1
0
.
E
x
p
e
r
im
en
tal
wav
e
f
o
r
m
s
o
f
t
h
e
FDSC
co
n
v
er
ter
wh
en
h
av
e
a
m
is
m
at
ch
o
f
th
e
in
d
u
cta
n
ce
v
alu
e
(
L
1
=
2
0
0
µH
,
L
2
=
L
3
=
L
4
=
2
5
0
µH
)
Fig
u
r
e
1
1
.
E
x
p
e
r
im
en
tal
wav
e
f
o
r
m
s
o
f
t
h
e
FDSC
co
n
v
er
ter
with
a
m
is
m
atch
o
f
th
e
g
ate
s
ig
n
al
(
D
S
1
=
0
.
4
2
an
d
D
S
2
= D
S
3
= D
S
4
=
0
.
4
5
)
Fig
u
r
e
1
2
.
Dy
n
am
ic
r
esp
o
n
s
e
o
f
th
e
FDSC
co
n
v
er
ter
u
n
d
e
r
s
tep
lo
ad
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
0
8
8
-
8
6
9
4
I
n
t J Po
w
E
lec
&
Dr
i Sy
s
t
,
Vo
l.
16
,
No
.
4
,
Dec
em
b
er
20
25
:
2538
-
2
5
4
8
2546
T
h
e
d
y
n
am
ic
r
esp
o
n
s
e
o
f
th
e
FDSC
co
n
v
er
ter
u
n
d
er
s
tep
lo
ad
co
n
d
itio
n
s
is
p
r
esen
te
d
in
Fig
u
r
e
1
2
.
I
n
th
is
test
,
th
e
lo
a
d
is
v
ar
ie
d
b
etwe
en
7
0
%
(
9
0
0
W
)
an
d
4
0
%
(
5
0
0
W
)
.
Desp
ite
th
e
ab
s
en
ce
o
f
cu
r
r
en
t
f
ee
d
b
ac
k
,
t
h
e
in
d
u
cto
r
cu
r
r
en
t
s
i
L
1
–
i
L
4
r
em
ain
well
b
alan
ce
d
,
with
o
n
ly
a
m
in
o
r
o
v
er
s
h
o
o
t.
T
h
e
o
u
tp
u
t v
o
ltag
e
ex
h
ib
its
s
lig
h
t
f
lu
ctu
atio
n
s
,
b
u
t
with
o
u
t
s
ig
n
if
ica
n
t
d
e
v
iatio
n
.
No
ta
b
ly
,
th
e
co
n
v
er
ter
r
e
q
u
ir
es
o
n
l
y
1
m
s
to
f
u
lly
s
ettle
an
d
r
esto
r
e
s
tead
y
o
p
er
atio
n
.
Fig
u
r
e
1
3
p
r
esen
ts
th
e
ef
f
ici
en
cy
o
f
th
e
FDSC
co
n
v
er
ter
,
v
alid
ated
th
r
o
u
g
h
b
o
t
h
s
im
u
latio
n
an
d
ex
p
er
im
en
tal
r
esu
lts
.
T
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
to
p
o
lo
g
y
d
em
o
n
s
tr
ates
ex
ce
llen
t
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
,
ac
h
ie
v
in
g
an
e
f
f
icien
cy
g
r
ea
ter
th
a
n
9
7
%
at
f
u
ll
lo
ad
.
As
th
e
s
im
u
latio
n
d
o
es
n
o
t
a
cc
o
u
n
t
f
o
r
in
d
u
ct
o
r
lo
s
s
es
an
d
cir
cu
it
co
n
d
u
ctio
n
lo
s
s
es,
it
s
r
ep
o
r
ted
ef
f
icien
cy
i
s
s
lig
h
tly
h
ig
h
er
th
an
th
at
o
b
s
e
r
v
ed
ex
p
er
im
en
tally
.
Fig
u
r
e
1
4
f
u
r
th
e
r
illu
s
tr
ates
th
e
lo
s
s
d
is
tr
ib
u
tio
n
,
i
n
d
icatin
g
th
at
th
e
m
ajo
r
ity
a
p
p
r
o
x
im
at
ely
7
2
%
o
r
ig
in
ates
f
r
o
m
th
e
c
o
n
d
u
ctio
n
lo
s
s
es
o
f
d
io
d
es
D
1
–
D
4
.
T
h
is
o
b
s
er
v
ati
o
n
s
u
g
g
ests
th
at
th
e
ef
f
icien
cy
co
u
l
d
b
e
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[7
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