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[
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Usi
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B
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T
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w
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ti
n
g
s
u
s
tai
n
ab
le
en
er
g
y
[
9
]
.
T
h
e
co
n
tr
o
l
alg
o
r
ith
m
s
i
m
p
le
m
e
n
ted
i
n
ac
ti
v
e
s
o
lar
tr
ac
k
in
g
s
y
s
te
m
s
ar
e
class
i
f
ied
ac
co
r
d
in
g
to
th
r
ee
s
tr
ateg
ies:
o
p
en
lo
o
p
,
clo
s
ed
lo
o
p
an
d
c
o
m
b
i
n
ed
o
p
en
an
d
cl
o
s
ed
lo
o
p
s
ch
e
m
e
s
[
1
0
]
.
C
lo
s
ed
lo
o
p
s
tr
ateg
ie
is
t
h
e
m
o
s
t u
s
ed
o
n
e
b
y
th
e
r
ate
o
f
5
4
.
3
9
%.
T
h
e
s
in
g
le
ax
i
s
s
o
lar
tr
ac
k
in
g
m
et
h
o
d
h
as
a
lo
t
o
f
in
ter
est
an
d
attr
ac
t
m
a
n
y
w
o
r
k
s
[
1
1
]
–
[
1
4
]
.
A
n
i
m
p
le
m
en
ta
tio
n
o
f
s
in
g
le
a
x
is
au
to
m
atic
s
o
lar
tr
ac
k
in
g
s
y
s
t
e
m
w
it
h
th
r
ee
m
an
ip
u
latio
n
m
o
d
es
(
m
a
n
u
a
l,
lig
h
t
d
ep
en
d
en
t
r
esis
to
r
(
L
D
R
)
,
p
r
o
g
r
a
m
m
ed
r
ea
l
-
ti
m
e
clo
c
k
(
R
T
C
)
)
is
in
v
e
s
ti
g
ated
in
[
1
5
]
.
Z
h
u
et
a
l
.
[
1
6
]
d
is
cu
s
s
es
a
n
o
v
el
t
ilted
-
r
o
tati
n
g
s
i
n
g
le
a
x
is
tr
ac
k
i
n
g
s
tr
u
ct
u
r
e
f
o
r
a
P
V
s
y
s
te
m
.
T
h
e
la
tter
h
ad
a
r
atio
o
f
in
cid
en
t
s
o
lar
r
a
d
iatio
n
r
elativ
e
to
th
at
o
f
th
e
t
w
o
-
a
x
is
tr
ac
k
e
d
p
an
el
o
f
ap
p
r
o
x
im
a
tel
y
9
6
.
4
0
%.
A
s
t
u
d
y
o
f
th
e
ef
f
ec
t
o
f
d
is
cr
ete
th
r
ee
-
p
o
s
iti
o
n
s
in
g
le
-
ax
i
s
s
o
lar
tr
ac
k
in
g
u
s
i
n
g
th
e
Ha
y
–
Da
v
ies
–
Kl
u
c
h
er
–
R
ein
d
l
(
HDKR
)
is
o
tr
o
p
ic
an
d
an
i
s
o
tr
o
p
ic
m
o
d
els
is
co
v
er
ed
i
n
[1
7]
.
T
h
e
en
er
g
y
g
ain
p
r
o
d
u
ce
d
b
y
t
h
i
s
s
y
s
te
m
r
ep
r
esen
t
s
ap
p
r
o
x
im
a
tel
y
9
1
-
9
4
%
o
f
th
e
s
o
lar
en
er
g
y
co
llectio
n
o
f
a
s
i
n
g
le
-
a
x
is
co
n
ti
n
u
o
u
s
s
o
lar
s
y
s
te
m
.
Si
n
ce
t
h
e
s
y
s
te
m
o
n
l
y
o
p
er
ates
th
r
ee
t
i
m
es
p
er
d
ay
in
th
e
az
i
m
u
t
h
al
p
l
an
e
to
tr
ac
k
t
h
e
s
u
n
,
it
r
ed
u
ce
s
t
h
e
s
tar
tin
g
to
r
q
u
e
o
f
th
e
m
o
to
r
s
,
w
h
ich
r
ed
u
ce
s
en
er
g
y
co
n
s
u
m
p
tio
n
.
A
lt
h
o
u
g
h
th
e
s
in
g
le
-
ax
is
s
o
lar
tr
ac
k
i
n
g
s
y
s
te
m
i
m
p
r
o
v
e
s
th
e
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
o
f
t
h
e
s
o
lar
P
V
s
y
s
te
m
,
t
h
e
u
tili
za
tio
n
o
f
t
h
e
s
u
n
’
s
r
ad
iatio
n
is
le
s
s
t
h
an
we
in
ten
d
ed
.
I
n
co
n
tr
ast,
d
u
al
-
ax
is
s
o
la
r
tr
ac
k
in
g
s
y
s
te
m
s
h
a
v
e
b
ee
n
d
ev
elo
p
ed
to
o
v
er
co
m
e
th
e
li
m
itatio
n
s
o
f
m
o
v
e
m
e
n
t
d
ir
ec
tio
n
s
o
f
s
i
n
g
l
e
-
ax
is
s
o
lar
tr
ac
k
in
g
s
y
s
te
m
s
.
T
h
e
s
y
s
te
m
h
as
t
w
o
a
x
es
all
o
w
i
n
g
f
u
ll
r
o
tatio
n
w
h
ile
t
h
e
tilt
an
g
le
is
b
et
w
ee
n
0
°
an
d
9
0
°
an
d
th
e
az
i
m
u
t
h
an
g
le
b
et
w
ee
n
0
°
an
d
360°
[
1
8
]
.
A
ltit
u
d
e
an
d
az
i
m
u
th
an
g
le
s
w
er
e
ta
k
en
in
t
o
ac
co
u
n
t
to
tr
ac
k
t
h
e
e
x
ac
t
p
o
s
itio
n
o
f
t
h
e
s
u
n
,
in
cr
ea
s
in
g
en
er
g
y
h
ar
v
es
t
[
1
9
]
.
Ma
n
y
w
o
r
k
s
ar
e
d
is
cu
s
s
i
n
g
t
h
is
is
s
u
e
f
r
o
m
d
if
f
er
e
n
t
p
o
in
t
s
[
2
0
]
.
R
ay
a
n
d
T
r
ip
ath
i
[
2
1
]
d
escr
ib
es
th
e
d
esi
g
n
,
d
ev
elo
p
m
en
t
an
d
f
ab
r
icatio
n
o
f
a
s
i
n
g
le
-
ax
i
s
a
n
d
d
u
al
-
a
x
is
s
o
lar
tr
ac
k
i
n
g
co
n
tr
o
ller
s
to
p
o
w
er
m
o
b
ile
b
atter
ies.
T
h
e
tilt
ed
s
i
n
g
le
a
x
i
s
tr
ac
k
i
n
g
s
y
s
te
m
i
n
cr
ea
s
es
th
e
ef
f
icie
n
c
y
o
f
s
o
lar
p
an
el
u
p
to
3
0
%,
w
h
er
ea
s
,
th
e
az
i
m
u
t
h
alti
tu
d
e
d
u
a
l
a
x
i
s
s
o
lar
tr
ac
k
in
g
s
y
s
te
m
a
u
g
m
en
ts
th
e
ef
f
icie
n
c
y
o
f
s
o
lar
p
an
el
u
p
to
4
0
%.
A
n
o
v
el
o
n
li
n
e
s
e
n
s
o
r
less
d
u
al
-
a
x
is
s
u
n
tr
ac
k
er
w
as
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
in
[
2
2
]
.
T
h
e
s
tu
d
y
p
r
o
v
es
th
at
b
o
th
s
en
s
o
r
-
b
ased
an
d
s
en
s
o
r
less
s
o
lar
tr
ac
k
i
n
g
h
av
e
ad
v
a
n
ta
g
es.
I
n
ad
d
itio
n
,
it
r
ed
u
ce
s
th
e
tr
ac
k
i
n
g
er
r
o
r
to
0
.
1
1
°.
Du
al
-
a
x
is
s
o
lar
tr
ac
k
in
g
s
y
s
te
m
w
it
h
d
if
f
er
en
t
co
n
tr
o
l
s
tr
ateg
ie
s
w
as
d
escr
ib
ed
in
[
2
3
]
.
Sim
u
latio
n
an
d
lin
k
(
SIM
UL
I
NK
)
p
lat
f
o
r
m
an
d
S
OL
I
DW
OR
KS
p
lat
f
o
r
m
ar
e
u
s
ed
f
o
r
d
esig
n
i
n
g
r
ea
l
-
li
f
e
s
o
l
ar
tr
ac
k
in
g
s
y
s
te
m
s
.
T
h
e
r
esu
lts
o
f
t
h
is
w
o
r
k
,
Ma
m
o
d
iy
a
a
n
d
T
i
w
ar
i
[
2
3
]
s
h
o
w
t
h
e
s
tr
en
g
t
h
o
f
t
h
e
s
y
s
te
m
ag
a
in
s
t h
ig
h
w
i
n
d
s
p
ee
d
.
A
s
e
n
s
o
r
les
s
d
u
al
-
ax
i
s
s
o
lar
tr
ac
k
in
g
s
y
s
te
m
u
s
i
n
g
p
ar
ticle
f
ilter
h
as
b
ee
n
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
[
2
4
]
.
P
o
w
er
g
en
er
atio
n
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
w
as
in
cr
ea
s
ed
(
a
f
ter
ac
co
u
n
ti
n
g
f
o
r
o
p
er
atio
n
al
p
o
w
er
co
n
s
u
m
p
t
io
n
)
b
y
2
0
.
1
%
co
m
p
ar
ed
to
th
e
f
i
x
ed
f
la
t
-
p
late
s
y
s
te
m
.
Da
h
li
et
a
l
.
[
2
5
]
p
r
o
p
o
s
es
o
p
tim
a
l
tr
ac
k
in
g
i
n
ter
v
als
f
o
r
s
o
lar
tr
ac
k
in
g
s
y
s
te
m
t
h
at
co
n
s
u
m
e
s
le
s
s
t
h
a
n
0
.
1
5
%
o
f
th
e
e
n
er
g
y
p
r
o
d
u
ce
d
,
th
u
s
i
m
p
r
o
v
in
g
en
er
g
y
ef
f
icie
n
c
y
,
r
e
d
u
cin
g
u
n
n
ec
e
s
s
ar
y
en
er
g
y
co
n
s
u
m
p
tio
n
.
I
n
ad
d
itio
n
,
th
e
u
s
e
o
f
r
ec
e
n
t
t
ec
h
n
o
lo
g
ies
i
n
t
h
e
s
o
lar
tr
ac
k
i
n
g
s
y
s
te
m
i
s
es
s
en
t
ial
to
k
ee
p
p
ac
e
w
it
h
tech
n
o
lo
g
ical
d
ev
e
lo
p
m
en
t.
T
h
e
i
n
tr
o
d
u
ctio
n
o
f
n
o
tio
n
o
f
a
r
tif
icial
in
te
lli
g
en
ce
w
as
i
n
co
r
p
o
r
ated
th
r
o
u
g
h
th
e
d
ev
elo
p
m
en
t
o
f
al
g
o
r
ith
m
s
b
a
s
ed
o
n
ar
ti
f
icial
i
n
tel
lig
e
n
ce
i
n
co
n
tr
o
llin
g
a
s
o
lar
tr
ac
k
er
i
s
i
n
v
e
s
ti
g
ated
i
n
[
2
6
]
,
[
2
7
]
.
T
h
e
ad
v
an
ce
d
f
u
zz
y
lo
g
ic
w
it
h
ad
ap
tab
le
r
u
les
w
as
u
s
ed
in
o
r
d
er
to
r
ep
lace
p
r
o
p
o
r
tio
n
al
–
in
teg
r
al
–
d
er
iv
ativ
e
(
P
I
D
)
co
n
tr
o
ller
.
T
h
e
ass
e
s
s
m
en
t
o
f
a
d
u
al
-
a
x
is
tr
ac
k
er
w
it
h
s
m
ar
t
alg
o
r
ith
m
s
ca
lled
m
a
x
i
m
u
m
l
ig
h
t d
etec
tio
n
(
M
L
D)
ap
p
lied
in
th
e
s
o
lar
en
er
g
y
g
e
n
er
atio
n
s
y
s
te
m
i
s
d
is
c
u
s
s
ed
i
n
[
2
0
]
.
I
n
teg
r
ati
n
g
in
ter
n
et
o
f
th
i
n
g
s
(
I
o
T
)
in
to
a
s
o
lar
tr
ac
k
in
g
s
y
s
t
e
m
ca
n
al
s
o
in
cr
ea
s
e
e
n
er
g
y
p
r
o
d
u
ctio
n
an
d
ef
f
icie
n
c
y
,
r
e
m
o
te
m
o
n
i
to
r
in
g
a
n
d
co
n
tr
o
l,
i
m
p
r
o
v
e
r
eli
ab
ilit
y
,
a
n
d
co
n
s
eq
u
e
n
tl
y
r
ed
u
ce
o
p
er
atin
g
co
s
t
s
.
R
o
u
ib
ah
e
t
a
l
.
[
2
8
]
p
r
esen
ts
a
s
y
s
te
m
u
s
in
g
I
o
T
f
o
r
r
em
o
te
a
n
d
r
ea
l
-
ti
m
e
m
o
n
i
to
r
in
g
o
f
s
o
l
ar
P
V
in
s
tallatio
n
s
an
d
s
h
o
w
s
t
h
e
p
o
ten
tial
o
f
I
o
T
-
en
ab
led
m
o
n
ito
r
in
g
to
i
m
p
r
o
v
e
en
er
g
y
e
f
f
icie
n
c
y
.
S
h
i
et
a
l
.
[
2
9
]
p
r
o
p
o
s
es
a
s
o
lar
-
p
o
w
er
ed
an
d
r
ad
io
f
r
e
q
u
en
c
y
(
R
F)
en
er
g
y
tr
an
s
m
is
s
io
n
-
b
ased
I
o
T
m
a
n
a
g
e
m
e
n
t
s
y
s
te
m
f
o
r
r
o
ad
s
id
e
p
ar
k
in
g
s
p
ac
e.
T
h
e
o
b
j
ec
tiv
e
o
f
th
e
s
t
u
d
y
i
s
to
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T
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Vo
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23
,
No
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6
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Dec
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20
25
:
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0
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-
1
717
1708
co
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tr
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licatio
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T
h
e
L
2
9
8
N
H
-
b
r
id
g
e
co
n
tr
o
ls
th
e
o
p
en
i
n
g
a
n
d
s
p
ee
d
o
f
b
o
th
ac
tu
ato
r
s
.
I
t
is
id
ea
l
f
o
r
co
n
n
e
ctin
g
to
a
m
icr
o
co
n
tr
o
ller
r
eq
u
ir
in
g
o
n
l
y
t
w
o
co
n
tr
o
l
li
n
es
p
er
m
o
to
r
.
T
h
e
co
n
tr
o
ller
p
r
o
ce
s
s
es
d
ata
f
r
o
m
t
h
e
L
DR
s
en
s
o
r
an
d
in
d
ep
en
d
en
tl
y
co
n
t
r
o
ls
t
w
o
m
o
to
r
s
u
p
to
2
A
ea
ch
in
b
o
th
d
ir
ec
tio
n
s
.
2
.
4
.
Co
ntr
o
ller
T
h
e
co
n
tr
o
l
b
o
x
o
f
o
u
r
d
u
al
-
a
x
is
s
o
lar
tr
ac
k
er
s
y
s
te
m
p
la
y
s
a
ce
n
tr
al
r
o
le.
I
t
in
teg
r
ates
a
n
A
r
d
u
in
o
Me
g
a
as
th
e
m
ai
n
co
n
tr
o
l
u
n
it,
h
o
u
s
i
n
g
o
u
r
ess
e
n
tial
p
r
o
g
r
a
m
an
d
h
a
n
d
lin
g
k
e
y
i
n
s
tr
u
c
tio
n
s
b
ased
o
n
th
e
in
p
u
t
d
ata
ar
r
iv
ed
f
r
o
m
t
h
e
L
DR
s
e
n
s
o
r
.
Mo
v
e
m
e
n
t
co
n
tr
o
l
is
p
r
o
v
id
ed
b
y
th
e
L
2
9
8
N
m
o
to
r
d
r
iv
er
,
w
h
ic
h
tr
an
s
late
s
s
ig
n
als
f
r
o
m
t
h
e
A
r
d
u
in
o
i
n
to
p
r
ec
is
e
r
o
tatio
n
s
f
o
r
th
e
m
o
to
r
s
,
en
s
u
r
i
n
g
p
r
ec
is
e
s
o
lar
tr
ac
k
i
n
g
.
T
o
m
o
n
ito
r
e
n
er
g
y
co
n
s
u
m
p
tio
n
,
w
e
h
a
v
e
in
teg
r
ated
c
u
r
r
en
t
an
d
v
o
lta
g
e
s
e
n
s
o
r
s
,
allo
w
i
n
g
u
s
to
k
n
o
w
t
h
e
co
n
s
u
m
p
tio
n
o
f
t
h
e
ac
t
u
ato
r
s
in
r
ea
l
ti
m
e.
A
d
d
itio
n
all
y
,
an
A
r
d
u
i
n
o
W
iFi
f
ac
ilit
a
tes
co
n
n
ec
tiv
it
y
,
r
ec
eiv
i
n
g
an
d
tr
an
s
m
itt
in
g
s
e
n
s
o
r
d
ata
o
v
er
a
lo
ca
l n
et
w
o
r
k
.
2
.
5
.
Sy
s
t
e
m
co
ntr
o
l st
ra
t
eg
y
Fig
u
r
e
2
s
h
o
w
s
t
h
e
f
lo
w
c
h
a
r
t
o
f
th
e
A
r
d
u
in
o
p
r
o
g
r
a
m
t
h
at
co
n
tr
o
ls
o
u
r
en
t
ir
e
s
y
s
te
m
.
I
t
u
s
es
in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
r
ec
ei
v
ed
f
r
o
m
L
DR
s
e
n
s
o
r
s
v
ia
an
alo
g
p
o
r
ts
to
d
etec
t
lu
m
i
n
o
s
it
y
i
n
d
if
f
er
en
t
d
ir
ec
tio
n
s
:
ea
s
t,
w
e
s
t,
n
o
r
t
h
,
an
d
s
o
u
t
h
.
T
h
e
th
r
esh
o
ld
v
a
lu
e
b
et
w
ee
n
t
h
e
L
D
R
s
e
n
s
o
r
s
is
s
elec
ted
af
ter
d
if
f
er
en
t
m
ea
s
u
r
e
m
e
n
t
s
to
s
elec
t
t
h
e
b
est
o
n
e
t
h
at
ca
n
f
o
llo
w
t
h
e
s
u
n
’
s
r
a
y
o
p
ti
m
all
y
an
d
at
t
h
e
s
a
m
e
ti
m
e
r
ed
u
ce
t
h
e
co
n
s
u
m
p
tio
n
o
f
th
e
ac
t
u
ato
r
s
.
T
h
e
p
r
o
g
r
a
m
t
h
en
ad
j
u
s
ts
th
e
m
o
to
r
s
ac
co
r
d
in
g
l
y
to
m
ai
n
tai
n
o
p
ti
m
al
l
u
m
i
n
o
s
it
y
b
alan
ce
.
T
h
e
s
tep
s
o
f
p
r
o
g
r
a
m
ar
e
in
d
icate
d
b
elo
w
:
−
R
ea
d
th
e
v
a
lu
e
s
o
f
t
h
e
an
alo
g
s
en
s
o
r
s
.
−
C
alcu
late
th
e
l
u
m
i
n
o
s
it
y
d
if
f
er
en
ce
s
b
et
w
ee
n
p
air
s
o
f
n
o
r
th
-
s
o
u
th
a
n
d
ea
s
t
-
w
est
s
en
s
o
r
s
.
−
I
f
a
li
m
it
s
w
i
tch
i
s
n
o
t
ac
tiv
ate
d
,
co
r
r
ec
t
th
e
d
ev
iatio
n
s
b
y
ad
j
u
s
tin
g
th
e
ap
p
r
o
p
r
iate
m
o
to
r
s
to
r
e
d
u
ce
th
e
d
if
f
er
e
n
ce
in
l
u
m
i
n
o
s
it
y
.
−
On
ce
eq
u
ilib
r
i
u
m
is
r
ea
ch
ed
i
n
ea
ch
d
ir
ec
tio
n
,
t
h
e
m
o
to
r
s
ar
e
s
to
p
p
ed
.
−
I
f
t
h
e
li
m
it
s
w
i
tch
is
ac
t
iv
ate
d
,
th
e
p
r
o
g
r
a
m
p
er
f
o
r
m
s
a
r
et
u
r
n
m
o
v
e
m
e
n
t
to
th
e
s
tar
ti
n
g
p
o
s
itio
n
u
s
i
n
g
th
e
m
o
to
r
s
.
−
A
d
ela
y
i
s
i
n
clu
d
ed
to
a
v
o
id
f
r
eq
u
en
t o
p
er
atio
n
s
a
f
ter
r
etu
r
n
i
n
g
to
t
h
e
s
tar
ti
n
g
p
o
s
it
io
n
.
T
h
e
p
r
o
g
r
a
m
allo
w
s
th
e
s
y
s
te
m
to
f
o
llo
w
t
h
e
li
g
h
t
s
o
u
r
ce
b
y
ad
j
u
s
t
in
g
th
e
m
o
to
r
s
ac
co
r
d
in
g
to
t
h
e
s
en
s
o
r
v
al
u
es
a
n
d
r
etu
r
n
to
t
h
e
in
it
ial
p
o
s
itio
n
i
f
t
h
e
li
m
it
s
w
i
tch
i
s
ac
ti
v
ated
.
T
h
e
f
lo
w
c
h
ar
t
b
elo
w
e
m
p
h
a
s
ize
s
tep
s
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
1
6
9
3
-
6930
T
E
L
KOM
NI
K
A
T
elec
o
m
m
u
n
C
o
m
p
u
t E
l
C
o
n
tr
o
l
,
Vo
l.
23
,
No
.
6
,
Dec
em
b
er
20
25
:
1
7
0
6
-
1
717
1710
Fig
u
r
e
2
.
Flo
w
c
h
ar
t o
f
d
u
al
a
x
is
s
o
lar
tr
ac
k
er
3.
RE
SU
L
T
S AN
D
D
I
SCU
SS
I
O
N
In
th
is
s
t
u
d
y
f
o
cu
s
e
s
o
n
th
e
d
ev
elo
p
m
e
n
t
o
f
a
t
w
o
-
a
x
i
s
s
o
lar
tr
ac
k
in
g
s
y
s
te
m
to
i
m
p
r
o
v
e
th
e
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
o
f
t
h
e
p
h
o
to
v
o
lta
ic
f
ield
i
n
n
o
r
th
er
n
A
l
g
er
ia.
Ad
d
itio
n
all
y
,
a
f
air
co
m
p
ar
i
s
o
n
w
a
s
m
ad
e
b
et
w
ee
n
th
e
d
ev
elo
p
ed
d
u
al
-
ax
i
s
s
o
lar
tr
ac
k
in
g
s
y
s
te
m
a
n
d
a
co
n
v
e
n
tio
n
al
f
ix
ed
s
y
s
te
m
t
o
d
em
o
n
s
tr
ate
t
h
e
ef
f
ec
tiv
e
n
e
s
s
o
f
th
e
tr
ac
k
i
n
g
s
y
s
te
m
in
en
er
g
y
h
ar
v
est
in
g
.
A
cq
u
is
itio
n
o
f
elec
tr
ical
p
ar
am
eter
s
;
v
o
ltag
e,
cu
r
r
en
t
an
d
o
th
er
r
elev
a
n
t
p
ar
a
m
eter
s
w
er
e
ca
r
r
ied
o
u
t
at
t
h
e
s
a
m
e
ti
m
e
an
d
t
h
e
tr
ac
k
i
n
g
an
d
co
n
v
e
n
tio
n
a
l
s
y
s
te
m
s
w
er
e
in
s
talled
at
t
h
e
s
a
m
e
lo
ca
tio
n
i
n
o
r
d
er
to
h
av
e
s
i
m
ilar
w
ea
th
er
co
n
d
itio
n
s
.
T
h
e
ai
m
o
f
th
e
s
t
u
d
y
is
to
q
u
a
n
ti
f
y
an
d
a
n
al
y
ze
t
h
e
e
n
er
g
y
p
r
o
d
u
ce
d
d
u
r
in
g
th
e
e
x
p
er
i
m
en
ts
b
et
w
ee
n
th
e
t
w
o
s
y
s
te
m
s
tak
in
g
i
n
to
ac
co
u
n
t
th
e
p
o
w
er
co
n
s
u
m
ed
b
y
th
e
elec
tr
ical
ac
t
u
ato
r
s
to
s
h
o
w
th
e
p
er
ce
n
tag
e
o
f
en
er
g
y
g
ai
n
.
T
h
is
co
m
p
ar
is
o
n
o
f
f
er
s
v
al
u
ab
le
in
f
o
r
m
at
io
n
to
o
p
tim
ize
tech
n
o
lo
g
ic
al
ch
o
ices
in
th
e
i
m
p
le
m
en
ta
tio
n
o
f
s
o
lar
en
er
g
y
s
o
l
u
tio
n
s
.
T
h
e
s
tu
d
y
e
m
p
h
asize
s
th
e
r
elatio
n
b
et
w
ee
n
ir
r
ad
iatio
n
an
d
th
e
p
r
o
d
u
ce
d
p
o
w
er
f
o
r
th
e
tr
ac
k
in
g
s
y
s
te
m
.
T
h
e
ad
d
itio
n
al
co
s
t
o
f
th
e
d
e
v
elo
p
ed
tr
ac
k
in
g
s
y
s
te
m
w
a
s
als
o
ca
lcu
lated
.
3
.
1
.
So
la
r
irra
dia
t
io
n o
n a
f
ix
ed
pla
ne
a
nd
o
n a
t
ra
ck
ing
s
y
s
t
e
m
Fig
u
r
e
3
r
e
p
r
esen
ts
s
o
lar
ir
r
ad
iatio
n
o
n
a
f
ix
ed
p
lan
e
an
d
o
n
a
p
lan
e,
w
h
ic
h
f
o
llo
w
s
t
h
e
tr
aj
ec
to
r
y
o
f
th
e
s
u
n
(
t
r
ac
k
in
g
s
y
s
te
m
)
.
I
t
is
clea
r
th
at
th
e
am
o
u
n
t
o
f
r
ad
iatio
n
f
o
llo
w
in
g
th
e
s
u
n
tr
ac
k
er
is
g
r
ea
ter
th
an
th
at
o
f
th
e
f
ix
ed
s
y
s
te
m
.
A
cc
o
r
d
in
g
to
th
e
f
ig
u
r
e,
th
e
d
i
f
f
er
e
n
ce
i
n
ir
r
ad
iatio
n
b
et
w
ee
n
t
h
e
tr
ac
k
in
g
s
y
s
te
m
an
d
t
h
e
f
i
x
ed
s
y
s
te
m
is
s
ig
n
i
f
ica
n
t
in
th
e
m
o
r
n
in
g
an
d
i
n
t
h
e
af
ter
n
o
o
n
b
u
t
at
n
o
o
n
th
i
s
d
if
f
er
e
n
ce
in
ir
r
ad
iatio
n
i
s
r
ed
u
ce
d
.
Fig
u
r
e
3
.
So
lar
ir
r
ad
iatio
n
w
it
h
an
d
w
it
h
o
u
t tr
ac
k
i
n
g
f
o
r
a
s
u
n
n
y
d
a
y
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
T
E
L
KOM
NI
K
A
T
elec
o
m
m
u
n
C
o
m
p
u
t E
l
C
o
n
tr
o
l
P
erfo
r
ma
n
ce
en
h
a
n
ce
me
n
t o
f
P
V
g
en
era
to
r
u
s
in
g
a
s
en
s
o
r
b
a
s
ed
d
u
a
l
a
xis s
o
la
r
tr
a
ck
in
g
…
(
S
a
kin
a
A
to
u
i
)
1711
3
.
2
.
E
nerg
y
ev
a
lua
t
io
n o
f
t
he
t
ra
ck
i
ng
s
y
s
t
e
m
3
.
2
.
1
.
A
m
bie
nt
t
e
m
pera
t
ure
T
h
e
in
f
l
u
e
n
ce
o
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I
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Fig
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u
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ates th
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².
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
T
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Fig
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.
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.
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ased
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T
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1715
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