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T
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Vo
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23
,
No
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6
,
Dec
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b
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20
25
:
1
4
5
7
-
1
465
1458
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i
ci
en
t
S
21
,
an
d
e
n
v
e
l
o
p
e
c
o
r
r
e
l
a
ti
o
n
c
o
ef
f
i
ci
en
t
(
E
C
C
)
t
o
v
e
r
if
y
i
ts
s
u
i
ta
b
i
l
ity
f
o
r
n
ex
t
-
g
en
e
r
a
ti
o
n
w
i
r
el
es
s
s
y
s
t
em
s
[1
2
]
,
[1
3
]
.
T
h
e
m
ai
n
co
n
tr
ib
u
tio
n
s
o
f
t
h
is
w
o
r
k
ar
e:
i)
a
co
m
p
ac
t
f
o
u
r
-
e
le
m
e
n
t
m
m
W
av
e
MI
MO
an
te
n
n
a
i
n
te
g
r
ated
w
it
h
m
eta
m
ater
ial
ce
lls
f
o
r
i
m
p
r
o
v
ed
is
o
latio
n
;
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c
o
m
p
r
eh
en
s
i
v
e
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
an
al
y
s
is
u
s
i
n
g
E
C
C
an
d
c
h
a
n
n
el
ca
p
ac
it
y
lo
s
s
(
C
C
L
)
m
etr
ics
;
an
d
iii)
v
alid
atio
n
o
f
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
d
esig
n
t
h
r
o
u
g
h
h
i
g
h
-
f
r
eq
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en
c
y
s
tr
u
ct
u
r
e
s
i
m
u
lato
r
(
HFS
S)
/ c
o
m
p
u
ter
s
i
m
u
latio
n
tec
h
n
o
lo
g
y
(
C
ST
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s
im
u
latio
n
s
an
d
eq
u
i
v
ale
n
t c
ir
c
u
it
m
o
d
eli
n
g
.
2.
M
E
T
H
O
D
T
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
an
ten
n
a
w
as
d
e
s
ig
n
ed
t
h
r
o
u
g
h
s
ix
f
u
n
d
a
m
e
n
t
a
l
s
tep
s
,
as
ill
u
s
tr
ated
i
n
Fi
g
u
r
e
1
.
I
n
th
e
f
ir
s
t
s
tep
,
th
e
FR
4
s
u
b
s
tr
ate
w
it
h
a
th
ick
n
es
s
o
f
0
.
8
m
m
a
n
d
a
d
ielec
tr
ic
co
n
s
tan
t
o
f
4
.
4
w
as
p
lace
d
.
I
n
th
e
s
ec
o
n
d
s
tep
,
a
f
ee
d
lin
e
w
it
h
a
co
p
p
e
r
cir
cle
o
n
th
e
to
p
s
id
e
w
as
i
n
tr
o
d
u
ce
d
.
I
n
th
e
t
h
ir
d
s
tep
,
th
e
ci
r
cle
w
a
s
m
o
d
i
f
ied
i
n
to
a
cr
esce
n
t
s
h
ap
e
to
en
h
a
n
ce
t
h
e
a
n
te
n
n
a
c
h
ar
a
cter
is
tics
.
I
n
t
h
e
f
o
u
r
th
s
tep
,
a
s
m
al
l
co
p
p
er
cir
cle
w
a
s
ad
d
ed
at
th
e
ce
n
ter
o
f
t
h
e
cr
escen
t
to
i
m
p
r
o
v
e
elec
tr
o
m
a
g
n
et
ic
co
u
p
li
n
g
.
I
n
t
h
e
f
i
f
th
s
t
ep
,
th
e
b
o
tto
m
s
id
e
o
f
th
e
an
te
n
n
a
w
a
s
co
v
er
ed
w
it
h
a
f
u
ll
co
p
p
er
lay
er
to
r
e
d
u
ce
lo
s
s
es
an
d
i
m
p
r
o
v
e
r
ad
i
atio
n
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
.
Fin
all
y
,
i
n
t
h
e
s
i
x
t
h
s
tep
,
a
s
q
u
ar
e
s
lo
t
w
a
s
etch
ed
f
r
o
m
th
e
co
p
p
er
lay
er
o
n
th
e
b
ac
k
s
id
e
to
i
m
p
r
o
v
e
i
m
p
ed
an
ce
m
atch
in
g
an
d
w
id
e
n
th
e
b
an
d
w
id
t
h
.
(
a)
(
b
)
Fig
u
r
e
1
.
Desig
n
ev
o
l
u
tio
n
an
d
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
o
f
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
an
ten
n
a;
(
a)
s
i
x
d
esig
n
s
ta
g
es
an
d
(
b
)
s
i
m
u
la
ted
r
ef
lectio
n
co
e
f
f
ic
ien
t
s
f
o
r
ea
ch
s
tag
e
Fo
llo
w
i
n
g
th
e
s
e
d
esig
n
s
tag
e
s
,
th
e
o
p
tim
ized
an
te
n
n
a
s
t
r
u
c
t
u
r
e
w
a
s
o
b
tain
ed
.
Fig
u
r
e
1
(
a)
illu
s
t
r
ates
th
e
s
ix
d
esig
n
s
ta
g
es
o
f
t
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
an
ten
n
a,
s
h
o
w
i
n
g
th
e
e
v
o
lu
tio
n
f
r
o
m
th
e
in
iti
al
to
th
e
o
p
ti
m
ized
co
n
f
i
g
u
r
atio
n
.
T
h
e
g
ain
v
al
u
es
at
ea
ch
s
tag
e
ar
e
p
r
esen
t
ed
in
T
a
b
le
1
,
w
h
ile
t
h
e
s
i
m
u
lated
r
ef
lectio
n
co
ef
f
icie
n
t
S
11
r
esu
lt
s
ar
e
illu
s
tr
ated
in
Fi
g
u
r
e
1
(
b
)
to
h
ig
h
li
g
h
t
t
h
e
i
m
p
ac
t
o
f
th
e
s
e
s
u
cc
es
s
iv
e
m
o
d
i
f
icat
i
o
n
s
o
n
th
e
a
n
te
n
n
a
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
.
I
n
Fi
g
u
r
e
s
2
(
a)
an
d
(
b
)
,
th
e
s
im
u
lated
S
-
p
ar
a
m
eter
r
esu
lts
a
r
e
illu
s
tr
ated
f
o
r
th
e
p
ar
am
etr
ic
v
ar
iatio
n
s
o
f
th
e
le
n
g
t
h
an
d
w
id
t
h
o
f
th
e
etc
h
e
d
s
q
u
ar
e
s
lo
t
o
n
th
e
g
r
o
u
n
d
p
lan
e,
r
esp
ec
tiv
el
y
.
T
h
e
r
esu
lt
s
d
e
m
o
n
s
tr
ate
t
h
at
t
h
e
a
n
ten
n
a
m
ai
n
tai
n
s
a
s
tab
le
r
es
o
n
an
ce
w
i
th
o
n
l
y
m
in
o
r
f
r
eq
u
en
c
y
s
h
i
f
t
s
u
n
d
er
th
ese
d
i
m
e
n
s
io
n
al
ch
a
n
g
es,
i
n
d
icatin
g
t
h
at
t
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
s
tr
u
ctu
r
e
e
x
h
ib
its
r
o
b
u
s
t
i
m
p
ed
an
ce
m
atch
i
n
g
a
n
d
r
eliab
le
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
.
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h
is
p
ar
a
m
etr
ic
s
t
u
d
y
f
u
r
t
h
er
v
alid
at
es
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ch
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ice
o
f
t
h
e
o
p
ti
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ize
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d
im
e
n
s
io
n
s
an
d
co
n
f
ir
m
s
t
h
e
r
o
b
u
s
t
n
es
s
o
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h
e
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ten
n
a
d
esi
g
n
.
T
o
en
h
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ce
th
e
an
te
n
n
a
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
,
a
co
n
v
en
tio
n
al.
u
n
i
t
ce
ll
w
as
e
m
p
lo
y
ed
as
a
m
e
ta
m
ater
ial
in
cl
u
s
io
n
.
I
n
F
i
g
u
r
e
3
(
a
)
,
t
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
e
d
s
p
l
it
-
r
in
g
r
e
s
o
n
a
t
o
r
(
SR
R
)
c
e
ll
is
s
h
o
w
n
,
w
h
i
le
Fi
g
u
r
e
3
(
b
)
i
l
lu
s
t
r
a
t
es
it
s
e
x
t
r
a
c
t
e
d
e
l
e
ct
r
o
m
a
g
n
et
i
c
ch
a
r
a
c
t
e
r
is
t
i
cs
.
T
h
e
SR
R
w
as
d
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r
e
c
tly
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t
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d
f
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d
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l
i
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e
FR
4
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u
b
s
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at
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=
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p
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ab
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o
n
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Sim
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Fig
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2
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m
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lated
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d
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m
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la
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ased
d
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.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
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er
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4
5
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(
a)
(
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u
r
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.
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MI
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t
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ater
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it c
el
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ed
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t v
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b
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r
o
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ed
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c)
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ab
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d
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n
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t
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ater
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t v
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t
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ater
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ate
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3.
RE
SU
L
T
S AN
D
D
I
SCU
SS
I
O
N
T
h
e
E
C
C
i
s
a
cr
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m
etr
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s
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ate
t
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s
it
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p
er
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o
r
m
a
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ce
o
f
MI
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an
ten
n
a
s
.
A
lt
h
o
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g
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s
e
v
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m
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o
d
s
ex
is
t
to
co
m
p
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te
E
C
C
,
th
e
m
o
s
t
co
m
m
o
n
ap
p
r
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n
S
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ata,
w
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s
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m
p
l
if
ied
m
a
th
e
m
atica
l
f
o
r
m
u
la
tio
n
[
1
4
]
,
[
1
5
]
.
In
(
1
)
w
a
s
i
m
p
le
m
e
n
ted
in
m
atr
i
x
lab
o
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ato
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y
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T
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s
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h
ar
ac
ter
is
tics
o
f
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
d
esig
n
.
=
∣
11
∗
12
+
21
∗
22
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2
(
1
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∣
11
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2
−
∣
21
∣
2
)
(
1
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F
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lt
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p
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in
Fig
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r
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5
(
a
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,
i
t
is
c
l
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r
t
h
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ly
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o
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p
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d
M
I
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te
n
n
a
,
w
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e
t
h
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an
t
en
n
a
o
p
e
r
a
t
e
s
w
ith
o
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t
m
et
am
a
t
e
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l
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th
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C
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g
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d
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h
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s
th
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te
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a
w
ith
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et
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a
te
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i
a
l
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s
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w
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e
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e
th
e
E
C
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v
al
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e
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em
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in
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r
y
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w
o
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e
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th
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en
t
i
r
e
f
r
e
q
u
e
n
cy
r
a
n
g
e
o
f
2
6
–
3
7
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H
z
,
n
o
t
ex
c
ee
d
i
n
g
0
.
0
2
.
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h
is
im
p
r
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v
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en
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is
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e
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al
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ce
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b
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t
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Hz
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ch
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1
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i
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g
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s
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u
c
t
i
o
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i
n
m
u
tu
a
l
c
o
u
p
lin
g
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d
b
e
tt
e
r
i
s
o
l
at
i
o
n
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e
t
w
e
en
el
em
en
ts
.
d
ir
e
c
t
ly
c
o
m
p
a
r
es
th
e
tw
o
c
a
s
es
,
m
ak
in
g
th
e
d
if
f
e
r
en
c
e
v
is
u
a
l
ly
ev
i
d
en
t
an
d
f
u
r
th
e
r
d
em
o
n
s
t
r
at
in
g
th
a
t
m
e
tam
a
t
e
r
i
a
l
c
el
ls
a
r
e
an
e
f
f
e
ct
iv
e
s
o
lu
t
i
o
n
t
o
r
e
d
u
c
e
c
o
r
r
e
l
a
t
i
o
n
a
n
d
en
h
an
c
e
th
e
o
v
e
r
a
ll
c
h
an
n
el
ef
f
i
c
ie
n
cy
o
f
th
e
M
I
M
O
s
y
s
t
em
.
C
C
L
m
ea
s
u
r
e
s
th
e
r
ed
u
ctio
n
in
ch
an
n
el
ca
p
ac
it
y
r
esu
lti
n
g
f
r
o
m
m
u
t
u
al
co
u
p
lin
g
[
1
6
]
,
[
1
7
]
,
an
d
co
r
r
elatio
n
ef
f
ec
t
s
b
et
w
ee
n
MI
MO
an
ten
n
a
ele
m
e
n
t
s
[
1
8
]
,
[
1
9
]
.
I
n
th
is
w
o
r
k
,
C
C
L
w
as
co
m
p
u
ted
in
MA
T
L
A
B
b
ased
o
n
th
e
p
r
ev
io
u
s
l
y
o
b
tain
ed
E
C
C
v
a
lu
e
s
,
f
o
llo
w
i
n
g
s
tan
d
ar
d
ch
an
n
el
ca
p
ac
it
y
eq
u
atio
n
s
.
T
h
e
r
e
s
u
l
t
in
g
C
C
L
v
a
lu
es
w
e
r
e
an
aly
z
e
d
t
o
e
v
a
lu
a
t
e
th
e
im
p
a
c
t
o
f
m
e
tam
a
t
e
r
ia
l
in
te
g
r
a
t
i
o
n
o
n
s
y
s
t
em
p
e
r
f
o
r
m
an
c
e
.
T
h
e
C
C
L
r
es
u
lts
ar
e
p
r
ese
n
ted
in
Fi
g
u
r
e
5
(
b
)
f
o
r
b
o
th
co
n
f
i
g
u
r
atio
n
s
o
f
t
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
MI
MO
an
te
n
n
a
i
llu
s
tr
ates
t
h
e
ca
s
e
w
it
h
o
u
t
m
eta
m
ater
ial
ce
ll
s
,
w
h
er
e
t
h
e
C
C
L
v
al
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es
ar
e
n
o
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l
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er
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p
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atin
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an
d
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n
d
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n
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s
tr
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n
g
er
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o
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m
a
n
ce
d
e
g
r
ad
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n
d
u
e
to
m
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t
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al
co
u
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li
n
g
,
w
it
h
m
eta
m
ater
ial
ce
ll
s
in
te
g
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ated
,
th
e
C
C
L
v
al
u
es
d
r
o
p
s
ig
n
if
ica
n
tl
y
a
n
d
r
e
m
ai
n
v
er
y
lo
w
o
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t
h
e
en
t
ir
e
f
r
eq
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e
n
c
y
r
a
n
g
e
o
f
2
6
–
3
7
GHz
.
T
h
e
m
o
s
t
n
o
tab
le
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m
p
r
o
v
e
m
e
n
t
o
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r
s
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ea
r
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8
GHz
,
w
h
er
e
th
e
C
C
L
is
at
its
m
i
n
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m
u
m
,
co
n
f
ir
m
i
n
g
t
h
e
ef
f
ec
tiv
e
n
e
s
s
o
f
t
h
e
m
eta
m
a
ter
ials
in
p
r
eser
v
in
g
ch
a
n
n
el
ca
p
ac
it
y
.
3.
1
.
E
qu
iv
a
lent
circ
uit
m
o
de
l
T
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
d
u
al
-
b
an
d
an
te
n
n
a
w
a
s
a
ls
o
r
ep
r
esen
ted
as
a
n
eq
u
i
v
ale
n
t
elec
tr
ical
cir
cu
it
co
m
p
o
s
ed
o
f
lu
m
p
ed
ele
m
e
n
ts
(
re
s
is
to
r
s
(
R
)
,
in
d
u
cto
r
s
(
L
)
,
an
d
ca
p
ac
it
o
r
s
(
C
)
)
,
as
illu
s
tr
ated
in
Fi
g
u
r
e
6
.
I
n
th
is
m
o
d
el,
th
e
C
r
ep
r
esen
t
th
e
ca
p
ac
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v
e
g
ap
s
b
et
w
ee
n
m
e
tallic
p
ar
ts
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f
th
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an
ten
n
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2
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T
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in
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Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
1
6
9
3
-
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T
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23
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6
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Dec
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20
25
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r
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Fig
u
r
e
7
.
Fu
r
th
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m
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T
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le
2
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r
o
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m
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s
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n
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l
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ted
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ar
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e
m
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s
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ates
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at
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r
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o
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ater
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ig
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m
m
u
n
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n
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y
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te
m
s
.
(
a)
(
b
)
(
c)
(
d
)
(
e)
(
f
)
Fig
u
r
e
7
.
Si
m
u
lated
p
er
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o
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m
a
n
ce
o
f
t
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
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MO
an
ten
n
a
; (
a)
r
ad
iatio
n
p
atter
n
s
in
E
-
p
lan
e,
(
b
)
r
ad
iatio
n
p
atter
n
s
i
n
H
-
p
la
n
e,
(
c)
S
11
r
esp
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s
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it
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t
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eta
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ater
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it c
el
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d
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11
r
esp
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es
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it
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ater
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it c
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S
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ater
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t c
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s
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g
HFS
S a
n
d
C
ST
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
T
E
L
KOM
NI
K
A
T
elec
o
m
m
u
n
C
o
m
p
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t E
l Co
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Meta
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n
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n
a
fo
r
5
G
co
mmu
n
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n
s
a
t 2
8
/3
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GH
z
(
R
emili
F
a
tima
)
1463
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ab
le
2
.
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l
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p
a
rti
c
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n
a
ti
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tern
a
ti
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r
re
s
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tere
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in
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in
d
u
str
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lec
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ics
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m
icro
strip
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IM
O
a
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te
n
n
a
s
,
m
e
ta
m
a
ter
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a
n
d
5
G
m
il
li
m
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ter
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c
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ica
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s
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ste
m
s.
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h
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c
a
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o
n
tac
ted
a
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m
a
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:
f
a
ti
m
a
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re
m
il
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b
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d
z
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o
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tto
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c
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a
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M
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c
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d
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in
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tro
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ro
m
th
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Un
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rsit
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lg
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w
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tu
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in
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t
th
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rsity
o
f
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a
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t
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ro
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sila
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).
In
a
d
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it
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ierre
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),
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ra
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is
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rre
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pr
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ss
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p
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n
iv
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rsity
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rd
jB
o
u
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rré
rid
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lg
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ria.
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h
a
s
p
u
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sh
e
d
n
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m
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ro
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ield
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d
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o
m
p
u
tati
o
n
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l
e
lec
tro
m
a
g
n
e
ti
c
s.
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re
se
a
rc
h
in
tere
sts
in
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lu
d
e
p
ri
n
ted
a
n
d
c
y
li
n
d
rica
l
a
n
ten
n
a
s,
tran
s
m
issio
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n
e
s,
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o
m
p
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tatio
n
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l
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lec
tro
m
a
g
n
e
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s,
in
teg
r
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ig
h
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p
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p
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t
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g
,
n
e
u
ra
l
n
e
tw
o
rk
s,
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d
f
u
z
z
y
lo
g
ic.
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c
a
n
b
e
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tac
ted
a
t
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m
a
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:
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.
b
o
u
tt
o
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t@u
n
iv
-
b
b
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.
d
z
.
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j
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.
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