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I
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Vo
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16
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No
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Feb
r
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ar
y
20
26
:
5
5
5
-
558
556
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-
tim
e
p
ath
p
lan
n
i
n
g
alg
o
r
ith
m
s
,
an
d
ad
a
p
tiv
e
co
n
t
r
o
l
m
ec
h
a
n
is
m
s
en
ab
les
m
o
b
i
le
r
o
b
o
ts
to
o
p
e
r
ate
r
eliab
ly
with
in
d
y
n
a
m
ic
an
d
co
m
p
lex
in
d
u
s
tr
ial
en
v
ir
o
n
m
e
n
ts
.
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h
e
s
tu
d
ies
d
em
o
n
s
tr
ate
m
ea
s
u
r
ab
le
g
ain
s
in
o
p
er
atio
n
al
ef
f
icien
cy
,
r
ed
u
ctio
n
o
f
er
r
o
r
r
ates,
an
d
im
p
r
o
v
em
e
n
ts
in
task
co
m
p
let
io
n
tim
es.
I
n
tellig
en
t
r
o
b
o
tic
s
y
s
tem
s
ar
e
in
cr
ea
s
in
g
ly
ca
p
ab
le
o
f
r
esp
o
n
d
in
g
to
en
v
ir
o
n
m
en
tal
ch
an
g
es,
o
p
t
im
izin
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d
eliv
er
y
r
o
u
tes,
a
n
d
co
o
r
d
in
atin
g
m
u
ltip
le
a
u
to
n
o
m
o
u
s
ag
en
ts
s
im
u
ltan
eo
u
s
ly
.
T
h
ese
ad
v
a
n
ce
m
en
ts
s
ig
n
if
y
a
m
ajo
r
s
tep
to
war
d
I
n
d
u
s
tr
y
4
.
0
an
d
s
m
ar
t
m
an
u
f
ac
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r
in
g
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e
au
to
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ated
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y
s
tem
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tiv
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ith
m
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ti
m
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d
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m
ak
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g
e
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ea
te
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co
s
t
-
ef
f
ec
tiv
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p
r
o
d
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en
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n
m
en
ts
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E
lect
ric
Driv
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P
ro
pu
ls
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s
t
em
s
E
lectr
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d
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tem
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el
ev
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r
s
,
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u
s
tr
ial
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ac
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er
y
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d
elec
tr
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eh
icles
ar
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a
k
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o
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s
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em
p
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io
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tr
o
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er
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y
ef
f
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a
n
d
h
ig
h
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p
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m
an
ce
o
p
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atio
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.
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v
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ce
s
in
s
en
s
o
r
less
co
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tr
o
l,
a
d
ap
tiv
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b
ac
k
s
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p
in
g
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an
d
s
lid
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g
-
m
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d
e
s
tr
ateg
i
es
d
em
o
n
s
tr
ate
h
o
w
in
tellig
e
n
t
alg
o
r
ith
m
s
ca
n
o
p
tim
ize
to
r
q
u
e
r
esp
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n
s
e,
r
id
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co
m
f
o
r
t,
m
ec
h
a
n
ical
r
eliab
il
ity
,
an
d
d
is
tu
r
b
an
ce
r
ejec
tio
n
.
T
h
e
ap
p
licatio
n
o
f
S
-
cu
r
v
e
ac
ce
ler
atio
n
p
r
o
f
iles
an
d
p
r
e
d
ictiv
e
to
r
q
u
e
esti
m
atio
n
to
m
u
lti
-
p
h
ase
in
d
u
cti
o
n
m
o
to
r
s
r
ed
u
ce
s
m
ec
h
an
ical
wea
r
,
m
in
im
izes
v
ib
r
atio
n
s
,
an
d
im
p
r
o
v
es
o
p
e
r
at
io
n
al
s
m
o
o
th
n
ess
.
Hy
b
r
id
c
o
n
t
r
o
l
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
es
f
o
r
elec
tr
ic
v
eh
icle
p
r
o
p
u
ls
io
n
in
teg
r
ate
v
ar
iab
le
-
g
ain
s
u
p
er
-
twis
tin
g
alg
o
r
ith
m
s
with
r
ea
l
-
tim
e
to
r
q
u
e
o
p
tim
izatio
n
,
en
a
b
lin
g
f
ast
d
y
n
am
ic
r
esp
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n
s
e
u
n
d
er
v
ar
y
in
g
lo
ad
co
n
d
itio
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s
wh
ile
m
ain
tain
in
g
s
y
s
tem
s
tab
ilit
y
an
d
en
e
r
g
y
ef
f
icien
c
y
.
T
h
ese
m
eth
o
d
s
h
i
g
h
lig
h
t
th
e
im
p
o
r
ta
n
ce
o
f
s
o
p
h
is
ticated
co
n
tr
o
l
f
r
am
ewo
r
k
s
in
m
ee
tin
g
th
e
g
r
o
win
g
d
em
a
n
d
s
f
o
r
r
eliab
le,
s
af
e,
an
d
ef
f
ici
en
t e
lectr
ic
d
r
iv
e
s
o
lu
tio
n
s
.
Mo
r
eo
v
er
,
ad
a
p
tiv
e
a
n
d
m
o
d
el
-
b
ased
esti
m
atio
n
tech
n
iq
u
es
allo
w
r
ea
l
-
tim
e
m
o
n
ito
r
in
g
a
n
d
ad
ju
s
tm
en
t o
f
p
e
r
f
o
r
m
an
ce
p
a
r
am
eter
s
to
ac
co
u
n
t
f
o
r
e
n
v
ir
o
n
m
en
tal
ch
an
g
es,
lo
ad
f
lu
ctu
at
io
n
s
,
o
r
co
m
p
o
n
en
t
ag
in
g
.
Su
ch
ca
p
ab
ilit
ies
en
h
an
ce
s
y
s
tem
lo
n
g
ev
ity
,
r
e
d
u
ce
m
ain
ten
an
ce
n
ee
d
s
,
an
d
im
p
r
o
v
e
o
v
er
all
o
p
er
atio
n
al
s
u
s
tain
ab
ilit
y
.
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y
co
m
b
in
in
g
p
r
ed
ictiv
e
c
o
n
tr
o
l,
d
is
tu
r
b
an
ce
r
ejec
tio
n
,
an
d
f
au
lt
-
to
le
r
an
t
m
ec
h
an
is
m
s
,
m
o
d
er
n
elec
tr
i
c
d
r
iv
es
ac
h
iev
e
h
ig
h
r
elia
b
ilit
y
,
s
m
o
o
th
o
p
er
atio
n
,
an
d
en
e
r
g
y
-
c
o
n
s
cio
u
s
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
.
C
o
llectiv
ely
,
th
ese
in
n
o
v
atio
n
s
illu
s
tr
ate
h
o
w
in
tellig
en
t
elec
tr
ic
d
r
iv
e
s
y
s
tem
s
ar
e
cr
itical
f
o
r
ad
v
an
cin
g
s
u
s
tain
ab
le
tr
an
s
p
o
r
tatio
n
,
h
i
g
h
-
p
e
r
f
o
r
m
an
ce
i
n
d
u
s
tr
ial
m
ac
h
in
er
y
,
an
d
s
m
ar
t
en
er
g
y
-
ef
f
icien
t
in
f
r
astru
ctu
r
es.
Co
m
pu
t
er
Vis
io
n a
nd
Dee
p
L
ea
rning
C
o
m
p
u
ter
v
is
io
n
a
n
d
DL
r
e
p
r
esen
t
a
m
ajo
r
th
e
m
atic
clu
s
ter
,
d
em
o
n
s
tr
atin
g
th
e
a
b
ilit
y
o
f
ad
v
an
ce
d
n
eu
r
al
ar
c
h
itectu
r
es
to
a
d
d
r
ess
co
m
p
lex
ch
allen
g
es
in
r
ea
l
-
tim
e
r
ec
o
g
n
itio
n
,
class
if
icatio
n
,
an
d
o
b
ject
d
etec
tio
n
.
C
o
n
tr
ib
u
tio
n
s
in
th
is
is
s
u
e
h
ig
h
lig
h
t
f
ac
ial
em
o
tio
n
r
ec
o
g
n
itio
n
u
n
d
er
p
ar
tial
o
cc
lu
s
io
n
,
f
is
h
a
n
d
en
v
ir
o
n
m
en
tal
s
p
ec
ies
class
if
icatio
n
,
an
d
o
b
ject
d
etec
tio
n
in
d
y
n
am
ic
o
r
clu
tter
ed
en
v
ir
o
n
m
e
n
ts
.
Vis
io
n
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
er
s
(
ViT
s
)
an
d
co
n
v
o
lu
tio
n
al
n
eu
r
al
n
etwo
r
k
s
(
C
NNs)
ar
e
em
p
lo
y
e
d
to
im
p
r
o
v
e
ac
cu
r
ac
y
an
d
r
o
b
u
s
tn
ess
,
p
ar
ticu
lar
ly
in
s
ce
n
ar
io
s
with
lim
ited
v
is
ib
ili
ty
,
o
cc
lu
s
io
n
s
,
o
r
v
ar
iab
le
lig
h
tin
g
co
n
d
itio
n
s
.
T
h
ese
m
o
d
els
lev
er
ag
e
atten
tio
n
m
e
ch
an
is
m
s
an
d
s
p
atial
f
ea
tu
r
e
ex
tr
ac
tio
n
to
ca
p
tu
r
e
s
u
b
tle
p
atter
n
s
in
im
ag
es,
en
h
an
cin
g
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
co
m
p
ar
ed
to
co
n
v
en
tio
n
al
m
et
h
o
d
s
.
Mo
r
eo
v
er
,
h
y
b
r
id
ar
ch
itect
u
r
es
an
d
en
s
em
b
le
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
es
illu
s
tr
ate
h
o
w
co
m
b
in
in
g
m
u
ltip
le
DL
s
tr
ateg
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ca
n
o
v
er
co
m
e
d
ataset
lim
itatio
n
s
,
r
ed
u
ce
m
is
class
if
icatio
n
,
an
d
ac
h
ie
v
e
h
ig
h
er
g
en
er
aliza
tio
n
f
o
r
r
ea
l
-
wo
r
ld
ap
p
licatio
n
s
.
C
o
m
p
r
eh
en
s
iv
e
r
ev
iews
tr
ac
i
n
g
th
e
ev
o
l
u
tio
n
o
f
YOL
O
o
b
ject
d
etec
tio
n
m
o
d
els
f
r
o
m
ea
r
ly
to
th
e
latest
v
er
s
io
n
s
p
r
o
v
id
e
r
esear
ch
er
s
with
ac
tio
n
a
b
le
g
u
id
an
c
e
f
o
r
s
elec
tin
g
alg
o
r
ith
m
s
t
h
a
t
b
alan
ce
a
cc
u
r
ac
y
,
d
etec
tio
n
s
p
ee
d
,
s
m
all
-
o
b
ject
r
ec
o
g
n
itio
n
,
an
d
co
m
p
u
tatio
n
al
ef
f
icien
cy
.
T
h
ese
ad
v
an
ce
m
en
ts
h
ig
h
lig
h
t
th
e
v
er
s
atility
o
f
DL
in
tac
k
lin
g
a
wid
e
r
a
n
g
e
o
f
p
r
ac
tical
p
r
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in
clu
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in
g
a
u
to
n
o
m
o
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s
s
y
s
tem
s
,
in
tellig
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t
s
u
r
v
eillan
ce
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en
v
ir
o
n
m
en
tal
m
o
n
ito
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in
g
,
b
io
m
e
d
ical
im
ag
i
n
g
,
an
d
in
d
u
s
tr
ial
q
u
ality
c
o
n
tr
o
l.
B
y
in
teg
r
atin
g
s
o
p
h
is
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f
ea
tu
r
e
e
x
tr
ac
ti
o
n
,
atten
tio
n
m
ec
h
an
is
m
s
,
a
n
d
o
p
tim
ized
tr
ain
i
n
g
s
tr
ate
g
ies,
th
ese
s
tu
d
ies
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
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&
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m
p
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I
SS
N:
2088
-
8
7
0
8
A
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in
AI
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r
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m
alicio
u
s
b
eh
av
io
r
a
n
d
f
in
an
cial
f
r
a
u
d
with
h
ig
h
p
r
e
cisi
o
n
.
B
y
lev
er
ag
in
g
h
y
b
r
id
ar
ch
itectu
r
es
an
d
in
tellig
en
t
s
am
p
lin
g
s
tr
ateg
ies,
th
ese
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
es
e
f
f
ec
tiv
ely
ad
d
r
ess
ch
allen
g
es
s
u
ch
as
class
im
b
alan
ce
,
n
o
is
y
d
ata,
a
n
d
ev
o
lv
in
g
attac
k
p
atter
n
s
.
R
ea
l
-
tim
e
an
al
y
s
is
o
f
n
etwo
r
k
t
r
af
f
ic
an
d
tr
an
s
ac
ti
o
n
d
ata
allo
ws
th
e
s
y
s
tem
s
to
id
en
tify
a
n
o
m
alo
u
s
p
atter
n
s
p
r
o
m
p
tly
,
en
a
b
lin
g
p
r
o
ac
tiv
e
in
ter
v
e
n
tio
n
s
an
d
au
t
o
m
ated
b
lo
c
k
in
g
o
f
s
u
s
p
icio
u
s
ac
tiv
ities
b
ef
o
r
e
th
ey
escalate
in
to
lar
g
er
th
r
ea
t
s
.
Ad
v
an
ce
d
p
r
e
d
ictiv
e
m
o
d
el
s
f
u
r
th
er
en
h
an
ce
r
esil
ien
ce
ag
ain
s
t
em
e
r
g
in
g
cy
b
er
th
r
ea
ts
b
y
co
n
tin
u
o
u
s
ly
ad
a
p
tin
g
to
n
ew
p
atter
n
s
o
f
in
tr
u
s
io
n
o
r
f
r
au
d
u
len
t
b
eh
av
i
o
r
.
T
h
ese
f
r
a
m
ewo
r
k
s
d
em
o
n
s
tr
ate
th
e
ca
p
ac
ity
o
f
AI
-
d
r
iv
e
n
an
aly
ti
cs
to
s
ec
u
r
e
cr
itical
in
f
r
astru
c
tu
r
e,
p
r
o
tect
s
en
s
itiv
e
d
ata,
a
n
d
m
ain
tain
tr
u
s
t
in
d
ig
ital
f
in
an
cial
ec
o
s
y
s
tem
s
.
T
h
e
in
teg
r
atio
n
o
f
m
ac
h
in
e
lear
n
in
g
f
o
r
r
ea
l
-
tim
e
m
o
n
ito
r
in
g
,
an
o
m
aly
d
etec
tio
n
,
an
d
au
to
m
ated
r
esp
o
n
s
e
u
n
d
e
r
s
co
r
es
th
e
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
ativ
e
r
o
le
o
f
in
tellig
en
t
s
y
s
tem
s
in
b
u
ild
in
g
r
o
b
u
s
t
c
y
b
er
s
ec
u
r
ity
in
f
r
astru
c
tu
r
es.
C
o
llectiv
ely
,
th
ese
co
n
tr
ib
u
tio
n
s
h
i
g
h
lig
h
t
th
e
g
r
o
win
g
p
o
ten
tial
o
f
AI
t
o
en
ab
le
ad
ap
tiv
e
,
s
ca
lab
le,
an
d
h
ig
h
ly
ef
f
ec
tiv
e
s
ec
u
r
ity
s
o
lu
ti
o
n
s
ac
r
o
s
s
b
o
th
p
u
b
lic
an
d
p
r
iv
ate
s
ec
to
r
s
.
I
nte
llig
ent
I
o
T
a
nd
AIo
T
M
o
nito
ring
Sy
s
t
em
s
T
h
e
co
n
v
e
r
g
en
ce
o
f
th
e
I
o
T
with
AI
is
r
esh
ap
in
g
m
o
n
ito
r
in
g
s
y
s
tem
s
ac
r
o
s
s
en
v
ir
o
n
m
en
tal,
ag
r
icu
ltu
r
al,
an
d
h
ea
lth
ca
r
e
d
o
m
ain
s
.
C
o
n
tr
ib
u
tio
n
s
in
th
is
is
s
u
e
d
em
o
n
s
tr
ate
i
n
tellig
en
t
s
o
lu
tio
n
s
r
an
g
in
g
f
r
o
m
I
o
T
-
en
ab
led
h
ea
ts
tr
o
k
e
d
etec
tio
n
d
e
v
ices
to
au
to
m
at
ed
h
y
d
r
o
p
o
n
ic
g
r
ee
n
h
o
u
s
e
m
an
ag
em
en
t
s
y
s
tem
s
an
d
AI
-
d
r
iv
en
Sp
ir
u
lin
a
cu
ltiv
atio
n
f
r
am
ewo
r
k
s
.
T
h
ese
in
n
o
v
atio
n
s
lev
e
r
ag
e
a
n
etwo
r
k
o
f
in
te
r
co
n
n
ec
ted
s
en
s
o
r
s
,
r
ea
l
-
tim
e
d
ata
ac
q
u
i
s
itio
n
,
an
d
p
r
e
d
ictiv
e
an
aly
ti
cs
to
p
r
o
v
id
e
ac
tio
n
ab
le
in
s
i
g
h
ts
an
d
au
to
m
ated
r
esp
o
n
s
es.
E
d
g
e
co
m
p
u
tin
g
a
n
d
T
in
y
ML
in
teg
r
atio
n
en
ab
le
t
h
ese
s
y
s
tem
s
to
o
p
er
ate
ef
f
icien
tly
in
lo
w
-
p
o
wer
,
r
eso
u
r
ce
-
co
n
s
tr
ain
ed
en
v
i
r
o
n
m
en
ts
,
en
s
u
r
in
g
co
n
tin
u
o
u
s
m
o
n
ito
r
in
g
an
d
r
a
p
id
r
esp
o
n
s
e
ev
en
in
r
em
o
te
o
r
ch
allen
g
in
g
s
ettin
g
s
.
Su
ch
ca
p
ab
ilit
ies
ar
e
cr
u
cial
f
o
r
e
n
h
a
n
cin
g
h
u
m
an
s
af
ety
,
o
p
tim
izi
n
g
r
eso
u
r
ce
u
s
ag
e,
an
d
m
ain
tain
in
g
en
v
ir
o
n
m
en
ta
l su
s
tain
ab
ilit
y
.
AI
o
T
m
o
n
ito
r
in
g
s
y
s
tem
s
ex
t
en
d
b
e
y
o
n
d
p
ass
iv
e
d
ata
co
lle
ctio
n
b
y
i
n
co
r
p
o
r
atin
g
m
ac
h
in
e
lear
n
in
g
m
o
d
els
th
at
co
n
tin
u
o
u
s
ly
lea
r
n
a
n
d
ad
ap
t
to
d
y
n
am
ic
c
o
n
d
itio
n
s
.
Pre
d
ictiv
e
r
ec
o
m
m
e
n
d
atio
n
s
f
o
r
p
lan
t
g
r
o
wth
o
p
tim
izatio
n
,
n
u
tr
ien
t
m
an
ag
em
en
t,
an
d
p
e
r
s
o
n
aliz
ed
h
ea
lth
aler
ts
illu
s
tr
ate
th
e
p
r
ac
tical
im
p
ac
t
o
f
in
tellig
en
t
d
ec
is
io
n
-
m
ak
i
n
g
at
th
e
ed
g
e.
T
h
e
s
y
n
er
g
y
o
f
au
to
n
o
m
o
u
s
s
en
s
in
g
,
r
ea
l
-
tim
e
a
n
a
ly
s
is
,
an
d
ad
ap
tiv
e
co
n
tr
o
l
cr
ea
tes
h
ig
h
ly
r
esil
ien
t
an
d
ef
f
icien
t
o
p
er
ati
o
n
al
f
r
am
ewo
r
k
s
.
C
o
llectiv
ely
,
th
ese
co
n
tr
ib
u
tio
n
s
h
ig
h
lig
h
t
t
h
e
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
ativ
e
p
o
ten
tial
o
f
AI
o
T
s
y
s
tem
s
to
im
p
r
o
v
e
p
r
o
d
u
ctiv
ity
,
s
u
s
tain
ab
ilit
y
,
an
d
s
af
ety
,
d
em
o
n
s
tr
atin
g
th
at
in
tellig
en
t,
in
ter
co
n
n
ec
ted
m
o
n
ito
r
in
g
p
latf
o
r
m
s
ar
e
in
cr
ea
s
in
g
ly
v
ital
in
ad
d
r
ess
in
g
co
m
p
lex
c
h
allen
g
es a
cr
o
s
s
m
u
ltip
le
s
ec
to
r
s
.
E
nerg
y
Sy
s
t
em
s
a
nd
Sm
a
rt
G
rids
E
n
er
g
y
m
an
ag
e
m
en
t
an
d
s
m
ar
t
g
r
id
o
p
tim
izatio
n
ar
e
cr
i
tical
ar
ea
s
o
f
r
esear
ch
,
p
ar
ti
cu
lar
ly
as
r
en
ewa
b
le
en
er
g
y
s
o
u
r
ce
s
b
ec
o
m
e
in
cr
ea
s
in
g
ly
in
teg
r
ated
in
to
m
o
d
er
n
p
o
wer
s
y
s
tem
s
.
Acc
u
r
ate
f
o
r
ec
asti
n
g
o
f
s
o
lar
p
h
o
to
v
o
ltaic
(
PV)
p
o
wer
g
en
er
atio
n
is
ess
en
tial
to
b
alan
ce
s
u
p
p
ly
an
d
d
em
an
d
,
r
ed
u
ce
r
elian
ce
o
n
f
o
s
s
il
f
u
els,
an
d
en
ab
le
ef
f
i
cien
t
g
r
id
o
p
e
r
atio
n
.
Hy
b
r
id
AI
an
d
m
ac
h
in
e
lear
n
in
g
m
o
d
els,
in
clu
d
in
g
co
n
v
o
l
u
tio
n
al
n
eu
r
al
n
etwo
r
k
–
lo
n
g
s
h
o
r
t
-
ter
m
m
em
o
r
y
(
C
NN
-
L
STM
)
ar
ch
itectu
r
es,
h
av
e
s
h
o
wn
s
ig
n
if
ican
t
im
p
r
o
v
em
e
n
ts
in
ca
p
tu
r
in
g
co
m
p
lex
s
p
atio
tem
p
o
r
al
p
atter
n
s
an
d
wea
th
er
-
d
ep
e
n
d
en
t
v
ar
i
ab
ilit
y
,
r
esu
ltin
g
i
n
h
ig
h
ly
r
eliab
le
an
d
p
r
ec
is
e
PV
p
o
wer
p
r
ed
ictio
n
s
.
T
h
ese
m
o
d
els
allo
w
f
o
r
p
r
o
ac
tiv
e
p
lan
n
i
n
g
,
lo
a
d
b
alan
ci
n
g
,
an
d
d
em
an
d
r
esp
o
n
s
e,
en
h
an
ci
n
g
g
r
id
s
tab
ilit
y
wh
ile
s
u
p
p
o
r
t
in
g
s
u
s
tain
ab
le
e
n
er
g
y
m
a
n
ag
em
en
t
p
r
ac
tices.
I
n
ad
d
itio
n
,
d
ata
-
d
r
i
v
en
p
r
ed
ictiv
e
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
es
f
ac
ilit
ate
in
teg
r
a
tio
n
with
en
er
g
y
s
to
r
a
g
e
s
y
s
tem
s
an
d
d
is
tr
ib
u
te
d
g
en
er
atio
n
u
n
its
,
f
u
r
th
er
im
p
r
o
v
in
g
th
e
r
esil
ien
ce
an
d
f
le
x
ib
ilit
y
o
f
s
m
ar
t g
r
id
s
.
B
ey
o
n
d
f
o
r
ec
asti
n
g
,
th
e
d
ev
e
lo
p
m
en
t
o
f
en
er
g
y
-
ef
f
icien
t
I
o
T
n
etwo
r
k
s
an
d
b
lo
ck
c
h
ain
-
in
teg
r
ated
f
r
am
ewo
r
k
s
p
r
o
v
id
es
s
ec
u
r
e,
lo
w
-
laten
cy
co
m
m
u
n
icatio
n
f
o
r
d
is
tr
ib
u
ted
s
en
s
o
r
s
y
s
tem
s
with
in
s
m
ar
t
g
r
id
s
.
Ad
v
an
ce
d
o
p
tim
izatio
n
s
tr
ateg
ies
f
o
r
a
d
ap
tiv
e
clu
s
ter
in
g
,
s
leep
s
ch
ed
u
lin
g
,
an
d
co
n
s
en
s
u
s
p
r
o
to
c
o
ls
ex
ten
d
n
etwo
r
k
life
tim
e,
r
e
d
u
ce
e
n
er
g
y
c
o
n
s
u
m
p
tio
n
,
an
d
m
ain
tain
h
ig
h
d
ata
in
te
g
r
ity
.
T
h
ese
in
tellig
en
t,
d
ec
en
tr
alize
d
s
y
s
tem
s
en
ab
le
r
ea
l
-
tim
e
m
o
n
ito
r
in
g
,
au
t
o
n
o
m
o
u
s
co
n
tr
o
l,
an
d
s
ec
u
r
e
d
ata
s
h
ar
in
g
ac
r
o
s
s
en
er
g
y
n
etwo
r
k
s
,
o
f
f
er
in
g
s
ca
lab
le
s
o
lu
tio
n
s
f
o
r
u
r
b
an
in
f
r
astru
ctu
r
e,
in
d
u
s
tr
ial
au
to
m
ati
o
n
,
an
d
r
en
ewa
b
le
en
er
g
y
i
n
teg
r
atio
n
.
T
h
e
c
o
m
b
in
atio
n
o
f
AI
,
o
p
tim
izat
io
n
alg
o
r
ith
m
s
,
an
d
d
is
tr
ib
u
ted
ar
ch
itectu
r
es
d
em
o
n
s
tr
ates
th
e
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
ati
v
e
p
o
ten
tial
o
f
in
tellig
en
t
en
e
r
g
y
s
y
s
tem
s
,
estab
lis
h
in
g
r
o
b
u
s
t
f
r
am
ewo
r
k
s
f
o
r
s
u
s
tain
ab
le,
r
esil
ien
t,
an
d
h
ig
h
-
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
s
m
ar
t
g
r
id
s
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
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SS
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8
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8
7
0
8
I
n
t J E
lec
&
C
o
m
p
E
n
g
,
Vo
l.
16
,
No
.
1
,
Feb
r
u
ar
y
20
26
:
5
5
5
-
558
558
H
ea
lt
hca
re
a
nd
Sa
f
et
y
Appl
i
ca
t
io
ns
AI
,
DL
,
an
d
T
i
n
y
ML
ar
e
i
n
cr
ea
s
in
g
ly
ap
p
lied
in
h
ea
lt
h
ca
r
e
an
d
s
af
ety
m
o
n
ito
r
in
g
,
p
r
o
v
i
d
in
g
in
n
o
v
ativ
e
s
o
lu
tio
n
s
f
o
r
cr
itic
al
d
iag
n
o
s
tic
an
d
p
r
o
tectiv
e
ta
s
k
s
.
Ap
p
licatio
n
s
in
th
is
is
s
u
e
in
clu
d
e
f
etal
h
ea
r
t
an
o
m
aly
d
etec
tio
n
u
s
in
g
e
n
h
a
n
ce
d
im
ag
e
au
g
m
en
tatio
n
,
g
e
n
er
ativ
e
ad
v
er
s
ar
ial
n
etwo
r
k
s
(
GANs)
,
an
d
h
i
g
h
-
p
r
ec
is
io
n
DL
m
o
d
els,
en
a
b
lin
g
ac
cu
r
ate
id
en
tific
atio
n
o
f
c
o
m
p
lex
co
n
d
itio
n
s
in
p
r
en
atal
ca
r
e.
L
ig
h
tweig
h
t
em
b
ed
d
e
d
s
y
s
tem
s
f
o
r
r
ad
iatio
n
m
o
n
ito
r
in
g
s
h
o
w
h
o
w
T
in
y
ML
ca
n
p
r
o
ce
s
s
s
en
s
o
r
d
ata
in
r
ea
l
-
tim
e
o
n
lo
w
-
p
o
wer
d
e
v
ices,
m
ak
in
g
th
e
m
s
u
itab
le
f
o
r
co
n
s
tr
ain
e
d
en
v
ir
o
n
m
en
ts
s
u
ch
as
r
em
o
te
m
o
n
ito
r
in
g
s
tatio
n
s
o
r
m
o
b
ile
h
ea
lth
ca
r
e
u
n
its
.
T
h
ese
s
y
s
tem
s
co
m
b
in
e
p
r
ed
ic
tiv
e
an
aly
tics
,
au
to
m
ated
d
e
cisi
o
n
-
m
ak
in
g
,
a
n
d
ef
f
icien
t
co
m
p
u
tatio
n
to
e
n
ab
l
e
tim
ely
in
ter
v
en
tio
n
s
a
n
d
e
n
h
an
ce
o
p
e
r
atio
n
al
s
af
ety
in
m
e
d
ical
an
d
in
d
u
s
tr
ial
s
ettin
g
s
.
I
n
teg
r
atin
g
AI
-
d
r
iv
en
m
eth
o
d
s
in
h
ea
lth
ca
r
e
an
d
s
af
ety
p
r
o
v
id
es
p
r
ec
is
e
d
iag
n
o
s
tics
,
ea
r
l
y
an
o
m
aly
d
etec
tio
n
,
an
d
c
o
n
tin
u
o
u
s
r
ea
l
-
tim
e
m
o
n
ito
r
in
g
wh
ile
r
ed
u
c
in
g
r
elian
ce
o
n
h
ig
h
-
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
co
m
p
u
tatio
n
al
in
f
r
astru
ctu
r
e.
B
y
lev
er
ag
i
n
g
DL
f
o
r
co
m
p
le
x
im
ag
e
an
aly
s
is
an
d
T
in
y
ML
f
o
r
l
o
w
-
p
o
wer
em
b
ed
d
e
d
ap
p
licatio
n
s
,
th
ese
s
y
s
tem
s
d
eliv
er
s
ca
lab
le,
ac
ce
s
s
ib
le,
an
d
r
eliab
le
s
o
lu
tio
n
s
ac
r
o
s
s
d
i
v
er
s
e
en
v
ir
o
n
m
en
ts
.
T
h
e
ad
v
an
ce
m
en
ts
h
ig
h
lig
h
t
th
e
p
o
ten
tial
o
f
AI
an
d
m
ac
h
in
e
lear
n
in
g
t
o
im
p
r
o
v
e
h
e
alth
ca
r
e
o
u
tco
m
es,
m
in
im
ize
h
u
m
an
er
r
o
r
,
o
p
tim
ize
r
eso
u
r
ce
u
s
e,
a
n
d
m
ain
tai
n
h
ig
h
s
tan
d
a
r
d
s
o
f
ac
c
u
r
ac
y
,
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
,
a
n
d
o
p
er
atio
n
al
e
f
f
icien
cy
.
So
f
t
wa
re
E
ng
ineering
a
nd
G
I
S Ap
pli
ca
t
io
ns
I
n
th
e
d
o
m
ain
s
o
f
s
o
f
twar
e
en
g
in
ee
r
in
g
an
d
g
eo
g
r
ap
h
i
c
in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
s
y
s
tem
s
(
GI
S),
r
esear
ch
h
ig
h
lig
h
ts
th
e
ad
v
a
n
tag
es
o
f
p
ar
am
eter
-
ef
f
icien
t
f
in
e
-
tu
n
i
n
g
o
f
s
m
all
lan
g
u
a
g
e
m
o
d
el
s
(
SLM
s
)
an
d
th
e
d
ev
elo
p
m
e
n
t
o
f
o
p
en
-
s
o
u
r
ce
AI
f
r
am
ewo
r
k
s
f
o
r
c
o
d
e
g
en
er
atio
n
an
d
s
p
atial
p
r
o
b
lem
-
s
o
lv
in
g
.
T
ec
h
n
i
q
u
es
s
u
ch
as
L
o
R
A
an
d
QL
o
R
A
en
ab
le
lig
h
tweig
h
t
a
d
ap
t
atio
n
o
f
lan
g
u
ag
e
m
o
d
els
f
o
r
d
o
m
ain
-
s
p
ec
if
ic
ap
p
licatio
n
s
,
f
ac
ilit
atin
g
co
s
t
-
ef
f
ec
tiv
e
an
d
r
eso
u
r
ce
-
co
n
s
tr
a
in
ed
d
ep
l
o
y
m
en
ts
.
T
h
ese
f
r
am
ewo
r
k
s
ex
p
an
d
a
cc
ess
to
AI
-
ass
is
ted
s
o
f
twar
e
s
y
n
th
esis
,
g
eo
s
p
atial
in
tellig
en
ce
,
an
d
au
to
n
o
m
o
u
s
GI
S
an
aly
s
is
,
b
r
id
g
in
g
th
e
g
ap
b
etwe
en
r
es
ea
r
ch
a
n
d
p
r
ac
tical
d
ep
lo
y
m
en
t.
So
f
twar
e
f
au
lt
p
r
ed
ictio
n
tech
n
iq
u
es
an
d
h
y
b
r
id
d
ata
p
r
ep
r
o
ce
s
s
in
g
m
e
th
o
d
s
p
r
o
v
id
e
in
s
ig
h
ts
in
to
i
m
p
r
o
v
i
n
g
s
o
f
twar
e
r
eliab
ilit
y
,
h
ig
h
lig
h
tin
g
th
e
b
r
o
ad
er
im
p
ac
t
o
f
AI
an
d
m
ac
h
in
e
lear
n
in
g
in
cr
ea
tin
g
r
esil
ien
t,
ad
ap
tiv
e,
an
d
in
tellig
en
t c
o
m
p
u
tatio
n
al
s
y
s
tem
s
.
H
y
brid Appro
a
ches a
nd
E
m
er
g
ing
T
re
nd
s
Acr
o
s
s
th
e
th
em
atic
clu
s
ter
s
,
s
ev
er
al
h
o
t
to
p
ics
an
d
em
er
g
i
n
g
tr
en
d
s
ar
e
ev
id
en
t.
T
h
ese
in
clu
d
e
th
e
in
teg
r
atio
n
o
f
T
in
y
ML
f
o
r
e
d
g
e
an
d
e
m
b
ed
d
ed
co
m
p
u
ti
n
g
,
v
is
io
n
tr
a
n
s
f
o
r
m
er
s
f
o
r
o
cc
lu
d
ed
a
n
d
lo
w
-
v
is
ib
ilit
y
im
ag
e
r
ec
o
g
n
itio
n
,
h
y
b
r
id
DL
m
o
d
els
f
o
r
p
r
e
d
ictiv
e
an
aly
tics
,
AI
o
T
f
r
am
ewo
r
k
s
f
o
r
au
to
n
o
m
o
u
s
ag
r
icu
ltu
r
e
a
n
d
en
v
ir
o
n
m
en
tal
m
o
n
ito
r
in
g
,
an
d
p
a
r
am
eter
-
ef
f
icien
t f
in
e
-
tu
n
i
n
g
o
f
L
L
Ms f
o
r
co
d
e
g
en
er
atio
n
.
T
h
e
co
n
v
er
g
en
ce
o
f
AI
,
I
o
T
,
DL
,
an
d
o
p
tim
izatio
n
f
r
am
e
wo
r
k
s
h
ig
h
lig
h
ts
th
e
p
o
ten
tial
f
o
r
cr
o
s
s
-
d
o
m
ain
i
n
n
o
v
atio
n
,
en
ab
lin
g
p
r
ac
tical,
h
ig
h
-
im
p
ac
t
s
o
lu
tio
n
s
.
Ap
p
licatio
n
s
s
p
an
au
to
n
o
m
o
u
s
lo
g
is
tics
,
s
m
ar
t
en
er
g
y
n
etwo
r
k
s
,
p
r
ec
is
io
n
ag
r
icu
ltu
r
e,
p
r
ed
ictiv
e
h
ea
lth
ca
r
e,
cy
b
er
s
ec
u
r
ity
,
an
d
s
o
f
t
war
e
d
ev
elo
p
m
e
n
t.
T
h
ese
ad
v
an
ce
m
e
n
ts
illu
s
tr
ate
th
e
g
r
o
win
g
im
p
o
r
tan
ce
o
f
in
ter
d
is
cip
lin
ar
y
r
esear
ch
,
a
d
ap
tiv
e
in
tellig
en
ce
,
an
d
lo
w
-
p
o
wer
em
b
e
d
d
ed
AI
s
y
s
tem
s
in
s
h
ap
in
g
th
e
f
u
t
u
r
e
o
f
elec
tr
ical
an
d
c
o
m
p
u
ter
en
g
in
ee
r
in
g
.
Co
nclus
io
n
T
h
e
cu
r
r
e
n
t
is
s
u
e
p
r
esen
ts
a
d
iv
er
s
e
co
llectio
n
o
f
in
ter
d
is
cip
lin
ar
y
r
esear
ch
at
th
e
f
o
r
ef
r
o
n
t
o
f
elec
tr
ical
an
d
co
m
p
u
ter
en
g
i
n
ee
r
in
g
.
T
h
e
s
tu
d
ies
h
ig
h
lig
h
t
th
e
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
ativ
e
r
o
le
o
f
AI
,
th
e
Io
T
,
DL
,
an
d
h
y
b
r
id
i
n
tellig
en
t
s
y
s
tem
s
in
s
o
lv
in
g
r
ea
l
-
wo
r
l
d
ch
allen
g
es,
im
p
r
o
v
in
g
ef
f
icien
cy
,
en
h
an
cin
g
s
af
ety
,
a
n
d
p
r
o
m
o
tin
g
s
u
s
tain
ab
ilit
y
.
Ap
p
licatio
n
s
co
v
er
au
t
o
n
o
m
o
u
s
r
o
b
o
tics
,
s
m
ar
t
e
n
er
g
y
m
a
n
ag
em
en
t,
A
I
-
d
r
i
v
en
h
ea
lth
ca
r
e,
in
tellig
en
t
ag
r
icu
lt
u
r
e,
cy
b
er
s
ec
u
r
ity
,
a
n
d
s
o
f
tw
ar
e
en
g
in
ee
r
i
n
g
,
d
em
o
n
s
tr
atin
g
th
e
b
r
ea
d
th
an
d
im
p
ac
t
o
f
in
n
o
v
atio
n
in
th
e
f
i
eld
.
T
h
e
r
esear
ch
e
m
p
h
asizes
th
at
in
teg
r
atin
g
AI
,
I
o
T
,
m
ac
h
in
e
lear
n
in
g
,
DL
,
an
d
o
p
tim
izatio
n
tech
n
iq
u
es
en
ab
les
th
e
d
e
v
elo
p
m
e
n
t
o
f
in
tellig
en
t,
ad
ap
tiv
e,
an
d
au
t
o
n
o
m
o
u
s
s
y
s
tem
s
ca
p
ab
le
o
f
s
elf
-
o
p
tim
izatio
n
,
r
ea
l
-
tim
e
d
ec
is
io
n
-
m
ak
i
n
g
,
a
n
d
h
ig
h
-
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
o
p
e
r
atio
n
.
T
h
ese
co
n
tr
ib
u
tio
n
s
p
r
o
v
id
e
p
r
ac
tical
f
r
am
ewo
r
k
s
f
o
r
r
ea
l
-
wo
r
ld
a
p
p
licatio
n
s
,
s
u
p
p
o
r
t
in
ter
d
is
cip
lin
ar
y
co
llab
o
r
atio
n
,
an
d
ad
v
an
ce
th
e
d
is
s
em
in
atio
n
o
f
in
n
o
v
ativ
e
m
eth
o
d
s
.
Ov
e
r
all,
th
is
is
s
u
e
s
h
o
wca
s
es
em
er
g
in
g
tr
en
d
s
,
p
r
ac
tical
s
o
lu
tio
n
s
,
an
d
f
u
tu
r
e
d
ir
ec
tio
n
s
in
elec
tr
ica
l
an
d
co
m
p
u
ter
en
g
in
ee
r
in
g
,
s
er
v
in
g
as
a
v
alu
ab
le
r
eso
u
r
ce
f
o
r
r
esear
ch
er
s
,
p
r
ac
titi
o
n
er
s
,
an
d
e
d
u
ca
to
r
s
.
T
h
e
wo
r
k
f
ea
t
u
r
ed
h
er
e
u
n
d
er
s
co
r
es
th
e
p
o
ten
tial
o
f
in
tellig
en
t a
n
d
r
esil
ien
t te
ch
n
o
lo
g
ies to
s
h
ap
e
th
e
f
u
tu
r
e
o
f
e
n
g
in
ee
r
in
g
,
tech
n
o
lo
g
y
,
an
d
s
o
ciety
.
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