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icien
c
y
[
3
]
.
T
h
e
J
PEG
en
co
d
er
'
s
p
ip
elin
e
s
tr
u
ct
u
r
e
co
m
p
r
i
s
es
co
lo
r
s
p
ac
e
co
n
v
er
s
io
n
,
d
o
w
n
s
a
m
p
lin
g
,
t
w
o
-
d
i
m
en
s
io
n
al
d
is
cr
ete
co
s
in
e
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
s
(
DC
T
)
,
zig
za
g
s
ca
n
n
i
n
g
,
q
u
an
tizat
io
n
co
d
in
g
,
DC
co
ef
f
icien
t
d
if
f
er
en
t
ial
p
u
l
s
e
c
o
d
e
m
o
d
u
lat
io
n
,
an
d
H
u
f
f
m
an
en
co
d
in
g
.
T
h
e
p
ip
elin
ed
J
P
E
G
en
co
d
in
g
i
n
cr
ea
s
es
t
h
e
u
tili
za
tio
n
r
ate.
Data
b
lo
ck
ag
e
i
s
ea
s
il
y
ca
u
s
ed
s
in
c
e
th
e
p
r
o
ce
s
s
i
n
g
o
f
ea
ch
p
ip
elin
e
s
tag
e
d
ep
en
d
s
o
n
th
e
co
m
p
letio
n
o
f
th
e
p
r
ev
i
o
u
s
s
ta
g
e
'
s
p
r
o
ce
s
s
in
g
.
A
lo
s
s
less
m
e
th
o
d
o
f
d
ata
co
m
p
r
es
s
io
n
i
s
D
u
al
H
u
f
f
m
a
n
en
co
d
in
g
[
4
]
,
[
5]
.
Fe
w
er
b
its
r
ep
r
esen
t
th
e
m
o
s
t
co
m
m
o
n
s
y
m
b
o
ls
,
d
eter
m
i
n
ed
b
y
t
h
e
p
r
o
b
ab
ilit
y
o
f
s
u
ch
s
y
m
b
o
ls
in
th
e
k
n
o
w
n
d
ata
s
et.
T
h
er
e
ar
e
t
w
o
t
y
p
es
o
f
H
u
f
f
m
an
e
n
co
d
in
g
:
s
tatic
lo
o
k
-
u
p
tab
les
an
d
d
y
n
a
m
ic
e
n
co
d
in
g
.
T
h
e
latter
r
ec
eiv
in
g
p
o
r
t
is
co
m
p
ar
at
iv
e
l
y
b
asic
b
u
t
le
s
s
ad
ap
tab
le
th
an
t
h
e
f
o
r
m
er
d
u
e
to
it
s
s
o
p
h
is
ticated
h
ar
d
w
ar
e
co
n
s
tr
u
ct
io
n
.
T
h
er
ef
o
r
e,
th
e
l
en
g
t
h
o
f
ea
ch
co
d
e
w
o
r
d
in
t
h
e
Hu
f
f
m
a
n
en
co
d
in
g
is
n
o
t
eq
u
al,
m
a
k
i
n
g
it
a
v
ar
iab
le
-
le
n
g
th
co
d
in
g
.
R
ea
l
iz
in
g
t
h
e
J
P
E
G
co
m
p
r
ess
io
n
[
6
]
p
ip
elin
e
i
s
c
h
alle
n
g
i
n
g
w
h
e
n
th
er
e
ar
e
v
ar
iatio
n
s
in
d
ata
co
m
p
le
x
it
y
,
s
i
n
ce
t
h
e
en
co
d
in
g
clo
ck
c
y
cle
i
s
n
o
t
co
n
s
ta
n
t.
A
m
u
lti
-
p
ip
elin
e
d
esig
n
i
s
n
ee
d
ed
to
in
cr
ea
s
e
t
h
e
ef
f
icie
n
c
y
o
f
p
ictu
r
e
co
m
p
r
ess
io
n
[
7
]
an
d
o
p
tim
ize
t
h
e
p
r
o
ce
s
s
in
g
o
f
th
e
D
C
T
m
o
d
u
le.
P
ar
allel
co
d
in
g
f
o
r
Hu
f
f
m
a
n
en
co
d
in
g
is
m
o
r
e
ef
f
icie
n
t
th
a
n
co
n
v
en
tio
n
al
Hu
f
f
m
a
n
co
d
in
g
.
He
n
c
e,
a
D
u
al
Hu
f
f
m
an
en
co
d
er
is
u
s
ed
to
i
m
p
r
o
v
e
t
h
e
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
o
f
H
u
f
f
m
a
n
en
c
o
d
in
g
.
T
h
e
Hu
f
f
m
a
n
tr
ee
en
co
d
in
g
is
im
p
le
m
e
n
ted
u
s
i
n
g
a
b
itm
ap
an
d
s
tatic
r
an
d
o
m
-
ac
ce
s
s
m
e
m
o
r
y
.
Yet,
th
er
e
w
ill
s
ti
ll
b
e
b
lo
ck
i
n
g
i
n
t
h
ese
Hu
f
f
m
an
e
n
co
d
in
g
s
.
T
h
is
w
o
r
k
p
r
ese
n
ts
a
f
a
s
t
Hu
f
f
m
a
n
e
n
co
d
in
g
alg
o
r
ith
m
u
s
i
n
g
a
d
o
u
b
le
-
b
y
te
s
p
licin
g
o
u
tp
u
t
Hu
f
f
m
an
e
n
c
o
d
in
g
ar
ch
itect
u
r
e.
Du
al
Hu
f
f
m
an
e
n
co
d
in
g
u
n
its
to
ac
h
iev
e
n
o
n
-
b
lo
ck
i
n
g
in
th
e
J
P
E
G
p
i
p
elin
e.
I
t
m
a
y
g
u
ar
a
n
tee
th
at
th
e
Min
i
m
u
m
C
o
d
in
g
Un
it
is
en
co
d
ed
in
6
4
clo
ck
cy
cles,
th
e
s
a
m
e
am
o
u
n
t
a
s
o
th
er
J
P
E
G
co
m
p
r
ess
io
n
m
o
d
u
les,
ev
e
n
th
o
u
g
h
it
w
ill
in
cr
ea
s
e
t
h
e
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
lo
g
ic
u
n
it
s
.
T
h
e
J
P
E
G
en
co
d
er
'
s
n
o
n
-
b
lo
ck
i
n
g
en
co
d
in
g
p
ip
elin
e
ar
ch
itect
u
r
e
b
o
o
s
ts
J
P
E
G
[
8
]
co
m
p
r
es
s
io
n
ef
f
ec
t
iv
e
n
es
s
.
T
h
e
s
u
g
g
ested
ar
ch
itect
u
r
e
is
i
m
p
le
m
en
ted
o
n
th
e
Di
g
ile
n
t
Z
y
n
q
7
0
4
5
,
Z
y
n
q
7
1
0
0
,
an
d
Xili
n
x
Kr
ia
KV2
6
0
A
I
s
ta
r
ter
k
it
u
s
i
n
g
Xili
n
x
Vi
v
ad
o
2
0
2
3
.
2
.
T
h
e
b
en
ef
i
ts
o
f
t
h
e
h
ig
h
-
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
D
u
a
l
Hu
f
f
m
a
n
en
co
d
in
g
[
9
]
ar
e
th
en
co
n
f
ir
m
ed
b
y
co
m
p
ar
in
g
th
e
r
eso
u
r
ce
u
s
a
g
e
an
d
clo
ck
cy
cle
s
.
Alth
o
u
g
h
p
ar
allel
Hu
f
f
m
a
n
e
n
co
d
in
g
w
i
th
GP
Us
an
d
FP
GA
p
latf
o
r
m
s
h
as
b
ee
n
s
t
u
d
ied
,
th
er
e
i
s
a
l
ac
k
o
f
r
esear
ch
o
n
n
e
w
p
ar
alleliza
tio
n
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
es
th
at
lev
er
a
g
e
n
e
w
l
y
d
ev
el
o
p
ed
a
r
ch
itectu
r
es,
s
u
c
h
as
m
u
ltico
r
e
C
P
Us
an
d
s
p
ec
ialized
A
I
ac
ce
ler
ato
r
s
lik
e
ten
s
o
r
p
r
o
ce
s
s
in
g
u
n
its
(
T
PUs
)
.
R
esear
ch
o
n
p
ar
allel
H
u
f
f
m
an
e
n
co
d
in
g
[
1
0
]
o
p
tim
izatio
n
i
n
t
h
ese
v
ar
io
u
s
c
o
m
p
u
ter
co
n
te
x
ts
m
a
y
lead
to
n
o
tab
le
g
ai
n
s
i
n
ef
f
icie
n
c
y
a
n
d
s
p
ee
d
.
T
h
e
s
tr
u
ctu
r
e
o
f
th
i
s
p
ap
er
is
as
f
o
llo
w
s
.
Sectio
n
2
p
r
esen
ts
th
e
r
esear
ch
b
ac
k
g
r
o
u
n
d
o
f
th
e
Hu
f
f
m
an
en
co
d
in
g
m
et
h
o
d
,
alo
n
g
w
it
h
a
m
et
h
o
d
f
o
r
m
in
i
m
iz
in
g
th
e
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
c
y
cle
s
.
S
ec
tio
n
3
p
r
esen
ts
an
ex
p
er
i
m
e
n
tal
m
et
h
o
d
o
f
Hu
f
f
m
an
e
n
co
d
in
g
o
n
a
n
FP
GA
.
S
ec
tio
n
4
p
r
esen
ts
th
e
ex
p
er
i
m
en
tal
r
esu
l
ts
s
ec
tio
n
,
w
h
ic
h
co
m
p
ar
es
t
h
e
r
es
u
lt
s
w
it
h
t
h
o
s
e
o
f
co
m
p
ar
ab
le
p
r
ev
io
u
s
w
o
r
k
s
to
co
n
f
ir
m
th
e
b
en
ef
its
o
f
H
u
f
f
m
a
n
en
co
d
in
g
o
n
FP
G
A
s
y
s
te
m
s
.
Sectio
n
5
d
is
cu
s
s
e
s
th
e
r
es
u
lts
o
f
th
e
w
o
r
k
.
Sectio
n
6
d
ea
ls
w
it
h
t
h
e
co
n
clu
s
io
n
o
f
th
e
w
o
r
k
.
2.
RE
S
E
ARCH
B
ACK
G
RO
U
ND
On
e
o
f
t
h
e
k
n
o
w
n
m
et
h
o
d
s
f
o
r
d
ata
co
m
p
r
ess
io
n
is
H
u
f
f
m
a
n
co
d
in
g
[
1
1
]
,
w
h
ic
h
a
s
s
i
g
n
s
a
v
ar
iab
le
-
len
g
th
co
d
e
to
ea
ch
s
y
m
b
o
l,
ta
k
in
g
in
to
ac
co
u
n
t
o
n
l
y
th
eir
o
cc
u
r
r
en
ce
p
r
o
b
ab
ilit
ies
i
n
t
h
e
s
eq
u
en
ce
u
s
ed
.
T
h
e
m
et
h
o
d
w
as
later
d
ev
elo
p
ed
b
y
Dav
id
A
.
Hu
f
f
m
an
i
n
1
952
as
a
w
a
y
to
m
in
i
m
ize
t
h
e
av
er
ag
e
len
g
th
o
f
th
e
en
co
d
ed
d
ata
by
as
s
i
g
n
in
g
l
o
n
g
er
co
d
es
to
les
s
co
m
m
o
n
s
y
m
b
o
l
s
an
d
s
h
o
r
ter
co
d
es
to
m
o
r
e
co
m
m
o
n
s
y
m
b
o
ls
.
T
h
is
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
p
r
o
v
id
es
b
etter
d
ata
r
ep
r
esen
tatio
n
an
d
r
ed
u
ce
s
th
e
to
tal
a
m
o
u
n
t
o
f
e
n
co
d
ed
d
ata
co
m
p
ar
ed
to
f
i
x
ed
-
le
n
g
t
h
en
c
o
d
in
g
m
eth
o
d
s
.
H
u
f
f
m
a
n
en
co
d
in
g
i
s
es
s
en
tia
ll
y
p
er
f
o
r
m
ed
b
y
r
ea
d
i
n
g
t
h
e
i
n
p
u
t
d
ata,
w
h
ic
h
m
u
s
t
also
b
e
s
ea
r
ch
ed
to
d
eter
m
in
e
it
s
f
r
eq
u
en
c
y
o
f
o
cc
u
r
r
en
ce
.
I
t
is
ess
en
tial
to
u
n
d
er
s
tan
d
h
o
w
f
r
eq
u
en
tl
y
ea
c
h
s
y
m
b
o
l
ap
p
ea
r
s
to
ass
ig
n
th
e
m
o
s
t
o
p
ti
m
al
co
d
e,
an
d
th
is
d
ata
an
al
y
s
is
p
r
ec
is
el
y
ac
co
m
p
li
s
h
es
t
h
at.
A
w
el
l
-
k
n
o
w
n
i
m
p
le
m
e
n
tatio
n
o
f
H
u
f
f
m
an
co
d
in
g
r
elies
o
n
al
g
o
r
it
h
m
s
th
a
t
in
tr
o
d
u
ce
b
asic
id
ea
s
in
to
s
y
m
b
o
l
f
r
eq
u
en
c
y
an
a
l
y
s
is
i
n
d
ata
co
m
p
r
ess
io
n
[
1
2
]
.
C
o
n
s
tr
u
ctin
g
t
h
e
Hu
f
f
m
a
n
T
r
ee
.
T
o
c
r
ea
te
a
Hu
f
f
m
an
tr
ee
af
ter
f
i
n
d
in
g
th
e
f
r
eq
u
e
n
cies
o
f
all
s
y
m
b
o
ls
.
S
u
ch
a
tr
ee
is
co
n
s
tr
u
cted
u
s
in
g
a
g
r
ee
d
y
m
et
h
o
d
b
y
co
n
s
ec
u
tiv
el
y
m
er
g
in
g
t
w
o
leas
t
f
r
eq
u
e
n
t
s
y
m
b
o
ls
in
to
o
n
e
n
o
d
e
u
n
til
all
s
y
m
b
o
l
s
ar
e
u
s
ed
.
B
y
m
ak
in
g
m
o
r
e
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y
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Fas
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H
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[
1
3
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h
as r
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atte
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tio
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.
T
h
e
s
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[
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4
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Sp
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T
o
ac
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an
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m
p
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m
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tatio
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f
H
u
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m
o
r
y
s
tr
u
ct
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r
es,
ar
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r
eq
u
i
r
ed
[
1
5
]
.
T
h
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tech
n
iq
u
es
le
v
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ag
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p
ar
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co
m
p
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T
h
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p
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t
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lo
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c
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d
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ical
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en
ts
to
t
h
e
clas
s
ical
H
u
f
f
m
an
co
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n
g
[
1
6
]
h
av
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p
tim
ized
.
D
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n
a
m
ic
Hu
f
f
m
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b
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w
id
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s
tu
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in
t
h
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liter
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r
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[
1
7
]
,
w
h
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th
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co
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g
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m
e
n
ts
ar
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u
p
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y
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m
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ac
co
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to
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e
w
f
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eq
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f
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.
T
h
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x
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m
ize
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h
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f
f
m
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ee
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tl
y
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m
p
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v
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th
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o
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t
h
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f
h
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d
w
ar
e
ac
ce
ler
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,
esp
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o
n
FP
GA
d
e
v
ices
[
1
8
]
.
Har
d
w
ar
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-
b
ased
FP
G
A
s
y
s
te
m
s
ca
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s
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g
n
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f
ican
t
l
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ti
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ad
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w
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ased
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p
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o
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an
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h
ar
d
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a
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in
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t
p
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.
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h
is
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ar
d
w
ar
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-
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ased
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l
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tio
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,
w
it
h
p
ar
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ar
ch
itect
u
r
es
a
n
d
e
f
f
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d
ata
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at
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s
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h
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T
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h
e
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p
r
o
ce
s
s
[
1
9
]
.
P
ar
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tio
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et
h
o
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lo
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a
v
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tal
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ler
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H
u
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f
m
a
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en
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[
2
0
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m
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m
ed
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d
a
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n
tr
ic
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p
licatio
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h
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o
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in
g
u
s
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GP
Us
an
d
SMP
h
as
b
ee
n
ex
p
lo
r
ed
in
[
2
]
,
[
9
]
,
y
ield
in
g
s
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if
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g
ain
s
in
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it
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ith
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n
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to
s
p
ee
d
y
H
u
f
f
m
a
n
-
s
c
h
e
m
e
i
m
p
le
m
en
ta
tio
n
s
f
o
r
s
ig
n
i
f
ica
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tl
y
d
i
f
f
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t
co
m
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ce
n
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io
s
.
P
r
ac
tical
s
o
lu
tio
n
s
v
er
i
f
y
th
eo
r
etica
l
b
r
ea
k
t
h
r
o
u
g
h
s
i
n
Hu
f
f
m
an
co
d
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g
.
Fo
r
ex
a
m
p
le,
t
h
e
ef
f
icien
t
d
esig
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an
d
s
y
n
th
e
s
i
s
o
f
Hu
f
f
m
an
e
n
co
d
er
s
[
2
1
]
-
[
2
3
]
h
a
v
e
b
ee
n
d
em
o
n
s
tr
ated
i
n
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m
p
le
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C
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iler
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te
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en
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ter
[
2
4
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.
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ir
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m
s
i
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ac
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ce
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io
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n
d
th
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ea
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ili
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f
f
ast
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co
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g
al
g
o
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ith
m
s
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ter
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o
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ith
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s
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s
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H
u
f
f
m
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n
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allel
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s
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ar
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m
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le
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en
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[
2
5
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,
[
2
6
]
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Su
ch
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u
lti
-
f
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ap
p
r
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h
as
i
m
p
r
o
v
ed
b
o
th
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d
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g
s
p
ee
d
[
2
7
]
an
d
ef
f
ec
tiv
e
n
e
s
s
,
an
d
ex
te
n
d
ed
its
ap
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licatio
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s
to
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ar
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s
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ield
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clu
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i
n
g
m
u
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m
ed
ia
p
r
o
ce
s
s
in
g
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e
m
b
ed
d
ed
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y
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te
m
s
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a
n
d
h
ig
h
-
p
er
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o
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m
a
n
ce
co
m
p
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ti
n
g
e
n
v
ir
o
n
m
en
t
s
.
Fa
s
t
Hu
f
f
m
an
e
n
co
d
in
g
[
2
8
]
,
[
2
9
]
r
em
ai
n
s
a
v
ital
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er
s
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ec
tiv
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o
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ac
h
iev
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ata
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m
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t
an
d
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h
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ig
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t
T
h
r
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g
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p
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as
f
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tu
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e
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o
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k
i
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co
m
p
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s
io
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tec
h
n
iq
u
es p
r
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g
r
ess
es
.
3.
E
XP
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u
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Sp
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3
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1
.
Dy
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D
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:
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u
r
e
2
ill
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ates
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ased
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ased
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ter
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s
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m
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e
n
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ter
is
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m
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ased
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en
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y
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ata.
Fi
g
u
r
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3
s
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o
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s
t
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Hu
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en
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ith
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D
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Hu
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3
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ased
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ased
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ased
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ased
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ased
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ased
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I
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4864
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ased
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ased
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at
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RE
F
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NC
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[
1
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G
.
K
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i
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y
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a
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y
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a
b
a
d
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e
lan
g
a
n
a
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d
ia.
He
is
c
u
rre
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tl
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w
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rk
in
g
a
s
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A
ss
istan
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P
ro
f
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t
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ITAM
Un
iv
e
rsity
,
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y
d
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ra
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a
d
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e
lan
g
a
n
a
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d
ia.
His
re
se
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rc
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in
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lu
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p
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n
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P
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As
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a
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d
th
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In
t
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rn
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o
f
T
h
in
g
s.
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h
a
s
1
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tec
h
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ica
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se
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li
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h
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s
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t
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tern
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tern
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ti
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ti
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n
d
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e
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k
c
h
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p
ters
.
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h
a
s
1
8
y
e
a
rs
o
f
tea
c
h
in
g
e
x
p
e
r
ien
c
e
.
He
is
a
se
n
io
r
m
e
m
b
e
r
o
f
IEE
E,
a
li
f
e
m
e
m
b
e
r
o
f
IET
E,
IS
T
E,
th
e
I
n
stit
u
te
o
f
En
g
in
e
e
rs
(In
d
ia),
th
e
S
e
m
ico
n
d
u
c
to
r
S
o
c
i
e
t
y
o
f
In
d
ia,
a
n
d
th
e
V
L
S
I
S
o
c
iety
o
f
In
d
ia.
He
h
a
s
t
h
re
e
p
a
ten
ts
p
u
b
li
sh
e
d
.
He
c
a
n
b
e
c
o
n
tac
ted
a
t
e
m
a
il
:
m
m
a
h
a
m
m
a
@g
it
a
m
.
e
d
u
a
n
d
m
a
so
o
d
a
h
m
a
d
8
0
@g
m
a
il
.
c
o
m
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
t J
R
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o
n
f
i
g
u
r
ab
le
&
E
m
b
ed
d
ed
Sy
s
t
I
SS
N:
2089
-
4864
F
P
GA
imp
leme
n
ta
tio
n
o
f
h
ig
h
-
p
erfo
r
ma
n
ce
Hu
ffma
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en
c
o
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r
fo
r
ima
g
e
…
(
Ma
s
o
o
d
A
h
ma
d
Ma
h
a
mma
d
)
77
Dr
.
Ap
p
a
la
Ra
j
u
Upp
a
la
re
c
e
iv
e
d
th
e
d
i
p
lo
m
a
in
e
lec
tro
n
ics
a
n
d
c
o
m
m
u
n
ica
ti
o
n
e
n
g
in
e
e
rin
g
(ECE
)
f
ro
m
th
e
G
o
v
e
rn
m
e
n
t.
P
o
ly
tec
h
n
ic
Co
ll
e
g
e
,
Na
rsip
a
tn
a
m
,
In
d
ia,
in
1
9
9
7
,
th
e
A
.
M
.
I.
E.
De
g
re
e
in
El
e
c
tro
n
ics
a
n
d
Co
m
m
u
n
ica
ti
o
n
En
g
in
e
e
rin
g
f
ro
m
th
e
In
stit
u
ti
o
n
o
f
En
g
in
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e
rs,
In
d
ia,
K
o
lk
a
t
a
,
a
n
d
t
h
e
M
.
T
e
c
h
.
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g
re
e
w
it
h
sp
e
c
ializa
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in
d
ig
it
a
l
sy
ste
m
s
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n
d
c
o
m
p
u
ter
e
lec
tro
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ics
f
ro
m
Ja
wa
h
a
rlal
Ne
h
r
u
T
e
c
h
n
o
lo
g
ica
l
Un
i
v
e
rsit
y
(JN
T
U),
Hy
d
e
ra
b
a
d
,
In
d
ia,
in
2
0
0
7
,
a
n
d
P
h
.
D.
d
e
g
re
e
f
ro
m
th
e
De
p
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rtm
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o
f
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e
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t
ro
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ics
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n
d
C
o
m
m
u
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ica
ti
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n
En
g
in
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rin
g
,
J
a
w
a
h
a
rlal
Ne
h
ru
T
e
c
h
n
o
lo
g
ica
l
Un
iv
e
rsity
(J
NTU
),
Ka
k
in
a
d
a
,
In
d
ia,
in
2
0
2
2
.
His
a
re
a
s
o
f
in
tere
st
in
c
l
u
d
e
a
n
a
lo
g
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lec
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ics
a
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d
d
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sig
n
,
c
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g
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it
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ra
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sy
ste
m
s,
sig
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g
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d
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sig
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g
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d
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n
a
lo
g
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n
d
d
ig
it
a
l
c
o
m
m
u
n
ica
ti
o
n
s.
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h
a
s
pu
b
li
sh
e
d
2
0
tec
h
n
ica
l
re
se
a
rc
h
a
rti
c
les
in
in
ter
n
a
ti
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n
a
l
jo
u
rn
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ls,
f
o
u
r
c
o
n
f
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re
n
c
e
p
ro
c
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d
in
g
s,
o
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p
a
ten
t
,
a
n
d
o
n
e
b
o
o
k
c
h
a
p
ter
.
He
h
a
s
1
8
y
e
a
rs
o
f
tea
c
h
in
g
e
x
p
e
rien
c
e
.
Cu
rre
n
tl
y
,
h
e
is
a
n
A
s
so
c
iate
P
r
o
f
e
ss
o
r
in
t
h
e
De
p
a
rtm
e
n
t
o
f
El
e
c
tro
n
ics
a
n
d
C
o
m
m
u
n
ica
t
io
n
E
n
g
in
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rin
g
,
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e
e
th
a
n
jali
Co
ll
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e
o
f
En
g
in
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rin
g
a
n
d
T
e
c
h
n
o
lo
g
y
,
H
y
d
e
ra
b
a
d
,
In
d
ia.
He
is
a
li
f
e
m
e
m
b
e
r
o
f
IET
E,
In
d
ia.
He
c
a
n
b
e
c
o
n
tac
ted
a
t
e
m
a
il
:
ra
ju
.
m
d
l@g
m
a
il
.
c
o
m
.
S
h
a
i
k
M
a
z
h
a
r
H
u
ss
a
i
n
i
s
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n
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ss
o
c
iate
P
ro
f
e
ss
o
r
in
t
h
e
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p
a
rtm
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n
t
o
f
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e
c
tro
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ics
a
n
d
C
o
m
m
u
n
ica
ti
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n
En
g
in
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rin
g
a
t
M
a
ll
a
Re
d
d
y
De
e
m
e
d
to
b
e
Un
iv
e
rsit
y
,
H
y
d
e
ra
b
a
d
,
In
d
ia.
He
c
o
m
p
lete
d
h
is
P
h
.
D.
i
n
El
e
c
tri
c
a
l
En
g
in
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e
r
in
g
w
it
h
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sp
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ializa
ti
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n
in
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tern
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t
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icle
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m
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s
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n
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n
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a
ry
2
0
2
3
f
ro
m
Un
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rsiti
Tek
n
o
lo
g
i
M
a
la
y
sia
(U
T
M
),
Jo
h
o
r
Ba
h
ru
,
M
a
la
y
sia
.
He
o
b
tain
e
d
h
is
M
a
ste
r'
s
in
E
m
b
e
d
d
e
d
S
y
ste
m
s
(ES
)
in
2
0
1
2
f
ro
m
Ja
w
a
h
a
rlal
Ne
h
r
u
T
e
c
h
n
o
lo
g
ica
l
Un
iv
e
rsity
,
H
y
d
e
ra
b
a
d
(JN
T
UH
),
a
n
d
h
i
s
Ba
c
h
e
lo
r'
s
in
El
e
c
tro
n
ics
a
n
d
Co
m
m
u
n
ica
ti
o
n
En
g
i
n
e
e
rin
g
in
2
0
0
8
f
ro
m
th
e
sa
m
e
u
n
iv
e
rsit
y
.
A
d
d
it
io
n
a
ll
y
,
h
e
e
a
rn
e
d
a
P
o
stg
ra
d
u
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te
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rti
f
ica
te
(P
G
Ce
rt)
in
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tern
a
ti
o
n
a
l
Hig
h
e
r
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u
c
a
ti
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n
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ra
c
ti
c
e
(IHE
P
)
f
ro
m
Co
v
e
n
try
Un
iv
e
rsit
y
,
UK
,
in
De
c
e
m
b
e
r
2
0
1
7
.
He
w
a
s
a
lso
a
se
n
io
r
m
e
m
b
e
r
o
f
th
e
IEE
E
a
n
d
a
n
a
c
ti
v
e
m
e
m
b
e
r
o
f
se
v
e
ra
l
o
th
e
r
p
r
o
f
e
s
sio
n
a
l
o
rg
a
n
iza
ti
o
n
s.
He
c
a
n
b
e
c
o
n
tac
ted
a
t
e
m
a
il
:
m
a
z
h
a
rh
5
@m
r
e
c
.
a
c
.
in
.
Anu
s
h
a
M
a
r
o
u
t
h
u
o
b
tain
e
d
h
er
P
h
.
D.
d
e
g
re
e
in
th
e
De
p
a
rt
m
e
n
t
o
f
Co
m
p
u
ter
S
c
ien
c
e
a
n
d
En
g
in
e
e
rin
g
(CS
E)
a
t
KL
Un
iv
e
rsit
y
,
In
d
ia,
in
2
0
1
9
.
Sh
e
c
u
rre
n
tl
y
w
o
rk
s
a
s
a
n
A
s
so
c
iate
P
ro
f
e
ss
o
r
in
th
e
De
p
a
rtme
n
t
o
f
Co
m
p
u
ter
S
c
ien
c
e
a
n
d
En
g
i
n
e
e
rin
g
a
t
th
e
KL
Un
iv
e
rsit
y
o
f
In
d
ia,
a
n
d
h
e
r
re
se
a
rc
h
in
tere
sts
in
c
lu
d
e
w
irele
ss
se
n
so
r
n
e
tw
o
rk
s
a
n
d
M
A
C
p
ro
t
o
c
o
l
p
ro
b
lem
s
in
c
o
g
n
it
i
v
e
ra
d
io
n
e
tw
o
rk
s.
S
h
e
c
a
n
b
e
c
o
n
tac
ted
a
t
e
m
a
il
:
a
n
u
sh
a
a
a
9
@k
lu
n
iv
e
rsity
.
in
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.