I
nte
rna
t
io
na
l J
o
urna
l o
f
Rec
o
nfig
ura
ble a
nd
E
m
be
dd
e
d Sy
s
t
e
m
s
(
I
J
R
E
S)
Vo
l.
1
5
,
No
.
1
,
Ma
r
ch
20
2
6
,
p
p
.
78
~
85
I
SS
N:
2089
-
4864
,
DOI
:
1
0
.
1
1
5
9
1
/i
j
r
es
.
v
1
5
.
i
1
.
pp
78
-
85
78
J
o
ur
na
l ho
m
ep
a
g
e
:
h
ttp
:
//ij
r
es.ia
esco
r
e.
co
m
Portab
le
v
eri
ficat
io
n IP:
a
UVM
-
b
a
sed a
ppro
a
ch f
o
r re
usa
ble
v
erification env
ir
o
n
m
en
ts in
co
m
pl
ex
IP
a
nd So
C
v
e
rification
H
a
rina
g
a
rj
un
Chip
pa
g
i
,
Va
ng
a
la
Su
m
a
la
t
ha
D
e
p
a
r
t
me
n
t
o
f
El
e
c
t
r
o
n
i
c
s a
n
d
C
o
mm
u
n
i
c
a
t
i
o
n
En
g
i
n
e
e
r
i
n
g
,
J
a
w
a
h
a
r
l
a
l
N
e
h
r
u
T
e
c
h
n
o
l
o
g
i
c
a
l
U
n
i
v
e
r
si
t
y
A
n
a
n
t
a
p
u
r
,
A
n
a
n
t
h
a
p
u
r
a
mu
,
I
n
d
i
a
Art
icle
I
nfo
AB
ST
RAC
T
A
r
ticle
his
to
r
y:
R
ec
eiv
ed
Au
g
2
3
,
2
0
2
5
R
ev
i
s
ed
No
v
4
,
2
0
2
5
A
cc
ep
ted
J
an
1
1
,
2
0
2
6
Re
u
sa
b
le
a
n
d
p
o
rtab
le
v
e
rif
ica
ti
o
n
tec
h
n
i
q
u
e
s
a
re
b
e
c
o
m
in
g
m
o
re
a
n
d
m
o
re
n
e
c
e
ss
a
r
y
d
u
e
to
th
e
g
ro
w
in
g
c
o
m
p
lex
it
y
o
f
s
y
ste
m
-
on
-
c
h
ip
(S
o
C)
d
e
sig
n
s
a
n
d
th
e
n
e
e
d
f
o
r
q
u
ick
ti
m
e
-
to
-
m
a
rk
e
t.
In
o
r
d
e
r
t
o
f
a
c
il
it
a
te
c
ro
ss
-
p
ro
jec
t
re
u
sa
b
il
it
y
,
a
u
to
m
a
ti
o
n
,
a
n
d
sc
a
lab
il
it
y
in
S
o
C
v
e
rif
ica
ti
o
n
,
t
h
is
p
a
p
e
r
in
tro
d
u
c
e
s
a
p
o
rtab
le
v
e
rif
ica
ti
o
n
I
P
(
P
V
I
P
)
f
ra
m
e
w
o
rk
b
a
se
d
o
n
t
h
e
u
n
iv
e
rsa
l
v
e
rif
ica
ti
o
n
m
e
th
o
d
o
l
o
g
y
(UV
M
).
T
h
e
su
g
g
e
ste
d
f
ra
m
e
w
o
rk
im
p
ro
v
e
s
c
o
v
e
ra
g
e
e
ff
icie
n
c
y
a
n
d
v
e
rif
ica
ti
o
n
p
o
rtab
il
i
ty
a
c
ro
ss
h
e
tero
g
e
n
e
o
u
s
p
latf
o
rm
s
b
y
in
teg
ra
ti
n
g
UV
M
w
it
h
th
e
p
o
rtab
le
stim
u
lu
s
sta
n
d
a
rd
(
P
S
S
).
In
c
o
m
p
a
riso
n
to
trad
i
ti
o
n
a
l
U
V
M
-
b
a
se
d
m
e
th
o
d
s,
e
x
p
e
ri
m
e
n
tal
e
v
a
lu
a
ti
o
n
sh
o
w
s
th
a
t
th
e
P
V
I
P
f
ra
m
e
w
o
rk
a
c
h
ie
v
e
s
9
2
%
f
u
n
c
ti
o
n
a
l
c
o
v
e
ra
g
e
,
e
n
h
a
n
c
e
s
re
u
sa
b
il
it
y
b
y
8
7
%
,
a
n
d
sh
o
rten
s
v
e
rif
ic
a
ti
o
n
c
y
c
le
ti
m
e
b
y
2
7
%
.
T
h
e
se
f
in
d
in
g
s
d
e
m
o
n
stra
te
h
o
w
P
V
I
P
c
a
n
g
re
a
tl
y
sp
e
e
d
u
p
v
e
rif
ica
ti
o
n
c
lo
su
re
,
m
in
im
i
z
e
e
n
g
in
e
e
rin
g
e
ff
o
rt,
a
n
d
a
ss
i
st
in
t
h
e
d
e
v
e
lo
p
m
e
n
t
o
f
th
e
n
e
x
t
g
e
n
e
ra
ti
o
n
o
f
in
telli
g
e
n
t,
sc
a
lab
le,
a
n
d
in
d
u
stry
-
re
a
d
y
S
o
C
v
e
rif
ica
ti
o
n
e
n
v
iro
n
m
e
n
ts.
K
ey
w
o
r
d
s
:
A
MB
A
A
XI
4
P
o
r
tab
le
v
er
if
icatio
n
I
P
R
eu
s
ab
le
co
m
p
o
n
en
ts
So
C
v
er
i
f
icatio
n
Un
i
v
er
s
al
v
er
if
icat
io
n
m
et
h
o
d
o
lo
g
y
T
h
is i
s
a
n
o
p
e
n
a
c
c
e
ss
a
rticle
u
n
d
e
r th
e
CC B
Y
-
SA
li
c
e
n
se
.
C
o
r
r
e
s
p
o
nd
ing
A
uth
o
r
:
Har
in
ag
ar
j
u
n
C
h
ip
p
ag
i
Dep
ar
t
m
en
t
o
f
E
lectr
o
n
ics a
n
d
C
o
m
m
u
n
icat
io
n
E
n
g
i
n
ee
r
in
g
J
a
w
ah
ar
lal
Ne
h
r
u
T
ec
h
n
o
lo
g
ic
al
Un
i
v
er
s
it
y
An
an
tap
u
r
An
a
n
th
ap
u
r
a
m
u
,
I
n
d
ia
E
m
ail:
ar
j
u
n
p
ar
th
a9
9
@
g
m
ail.
co
m
1.
I
NT
RO
D
UCT
I
O
N
T
h
e
as
s
y
s
te
m
-
on
-
c
h
ip
(
So
C
)
an
d
in
tellect
u
al
p
r
o
p
er
ty
(
I
P
)
d
esig
n
s
b
ec
o
m
e
m
o
r
e
co
m
p
licated
,
f
u
n
ctio
n
al
v
er
i
f
icat
io
n
h
a
s
b
ec
o
m
e
o
n
e
o
f
t
h
e
m
o
s
t i
m
p
o
r
tan
t a
n
d
r
eso
u
r
ce
-
i
n
te
n
s
i
v
e
p
ar
ts
o
f
th
e
d
esi
g
n
c
y
cle
.
A
cc
o
r
d
in
g
to
in
d
u
s
tr
y
r
ep
o
r
ts
,
v
er
if
icatio
n
m
a
k
e
s
u
p
al
m
o
s
t
7
0
%
o
f
th
e
to
tal
ef
f
o
r
t
to
d
e
v
elo
p
a
So
C
.
T
h
is
s
h
o
w
s
h
o
w
i
m
p
o
r
tan
t
i
t
is
to
h
av
e
v
er
if
icatio
n
m
et
h
o
d
s
th
a
t
ca
n
b
e
u
s
ed
ag
ai
n
an
d
ag
ai
n
an
d
m
o
v
ed
ar
o
u
n
d
ea
s
il
y
[
1
]
,
[
2
]
.
B
ec
au
s
e
it
en
co
u
r
ag
e
s
r
eu
s
e,
m
o
d
u
lar
i
t
y
,
an
d
au
to
m
atio
n
,
th
e
u
n
i
v
er
s
al
v
er
i
f
icatio
n
m
et
h
o
d
o
lo
g
y
(
UVM
)
h
a
s
b
ec
o
m
e
th
e
d
e
f
ac
to
in
d
u
s
tr
y
s
ta
n
d
ar
d
f
o
r
f
u
n
ctio
n
al
v
er
i
f
icat
i
o
n
[
3
]
.
B
u
t
th
e
f
a
s
t
g
r
o
w
t
h
o
f
h
eter
o
g
en
eo
u
s
So
C
s
,
alo
n
g
w
it
h
p
r
o
b
lem
s
w
it
h
s
ec
u
r
it
y
a
n
d
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
,
m
ea
n
s
t
h
at
v
er
if
icatio
n
s
tr
ateg
ie
s
n
ee
d
to
b
e
i
m
p
r
o
v
ed
ev
en
m
o
r
e.
I
n
th
is
ca
s
e,
p
o
r
tab
le
v
er
if
ic
at
io
n
I
P
(
P
VI
P
)
is
v
er
y
i
m
p
o
r
tan
t
b
ec
au
s
e
it
s
p
ee
d
s
u
p
th
e
d
esig
n
v
er
if
ica
tio
n
p
r
o
ce
s
s
b
y
allo
w
i
n
g
te
s
tb
en
c
h
p
ar
ts
to
b
e
p
lu
g
g
ed
in
a
n
d
u
s
ed
ag
a
in
i
n
d
if
f
er
en
t
p
r
o
j
ec
ts
an
d
tech
n
o
lo
g
ies
[
4
]
,
[
5
]
.
P
o
r
tab
l
e
VI
P
n
o
t
o
n
ly
b
o
o
s
ts
p
r
o
d
u
ctiv
it
y
,
b
u
t
it
al
s
o
h
elp
s
b
u
s
i
n
es
s
es
k
ee
p
u
p
w
i
t
h
ch
an
g
i
n
g
i
n
d
u
s
tr
y
s
ta
n
d
ar
d
s
.
As
A
cc
el
ler
a's
p
o
r
tab
le
s
ti
m
u
l
u
s
s
ta
n
d
ar
d
(
P
SS
)
g
ain
s
tr
ac
tio
n
,
th
e
v
er
if
icatio
n
co
m
m
u
n
it
y
is
i
n
v
est
ig
at
in
g
m
et
h
o
d
s
to
i
m
p
r
o
v
e
t
h
e
p
o
r
tab
ilit
y
a
n
d
cr
o
s
s
-
en
v
ir
o
n
m
e
n
t
ap
p
licab
ilit
y
o
f
v
er
if
ica
tio
n
s
ce
n
ar
io
s
[
6
]
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
t J
R
ec
o
n
f
i
g
u
r
ab
le
&
E
m
b
ed
d
ed
Sy
s
t
I
SS
N:
2089
-
4864
P
o
r
ta
b
le
ve
r
ifica
tio
n
I
P
:
A
UV
M
-
b
a
s
ed
a
p
p
r
o
a
ch
f
o
r
r
eu
s
a
b
le
ve
r
ifica
tio
n
…
(
Ha
r
in
a
g
a
r
ju
n
C
h
ip
p
a
g
i
)
79
R
ec
o
n
f
ig
u
r
ab
le
ar
ch
i
tectu
r
es
s
u
c
h
as
t
h
o
s
e
e
m
p
lo
y
ed
i
n
s
o
f
t
w
ar
e
d
ef
i
n
ed
r
ad
io
(
SDR
)
p
latf
o
r
m
s
h
ig
h
li
g
h
t
th
e
d
e
m
a
n
d
f
o
r
r
o
b
u
s
t
an
d
s
ca
lab
le
v
er
if
icatio
n
m
eth
o
d
o
lo
g
ies,
as
th
eir
ad
ap
tiv
e
n
atu
r
e
in
tr
o
d
u
ce
s
ad
d
itio
n
al
co
m
p
le
x
it
y
in
f
u
n
ctio
n
al
an
d
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
v
ali
d
atio
n
[
6
]
.
Si
m
u
ltan
eo
u
s
l
y
,
S
o
C
v
er
if
icat
io
n
h
a
s
ev
o
lv
ed
f
r
o
m
m
er
el
y
as
s
es
s
in
g
f
u
n
ctio
n
al
co
r
r
ec
tn
e
s
s
to
en
co
m
p
a
s
s
i
n
g
s
ec
u
r
i
t
y
v
alid
atio
n
,
tr
u
s
t
v
er
i
f
icatio
n
,
an
d
p
o
w
er
-
a
w
ar
e
v
er
i
f
icat
io
n
,
p
r
o
p
elled
b
y
t
h
e
e
m
er
g
e
n
c
e
o
f
n
e
w
attac
k
s
u
r
f
ac
es
an
d
th
e
n
ec
es
s
it
y
f
o
r
en
er
g
y
-
e
f
f
icie
n
t
d
esi
g
n
[
7
]
–
[
9
]
.
T
h
e
in
co
r
p
o
r
atio
n
o
f
ar
tif
ic
ial
in
tel
lig
e
n
ce
(
A
I
)
an
d
m
ac
h
in
e
lear
n
i
n
g
(
ML
)
in
to
v
er
i
f
icat
io
n
m
et
h
o
d
o
lo
g
ies
p
r
esen
t
s
en
h
a
n
ce
d
p
o
ten
ti
al
th
r
o
u
g
h
th
e
f
ac
i
litatio
n
o
f
p
r
ed
ictiv
e
an
al
y
s
i
s
,
in
telli
g
e
n
t te
s
t
g
e
n
er
atio
n
,
an
d
ad
ap
tiv
e
v
er
if
ica
tio
n
[
1
0
]
,
[
1
1
]
.
T
h
is
p
ap
er
f
ills
i
n
t
h
ese
g
ap
s
b
y
s
u
g
g
est
in
g
a
UVM
-
b
ase
d
P
VI
P
f
r
a
m
e
w
o
r
k
t
h
at
let
s
y
o
u
cr
ea
te
r
eu
s
ab
le,
au
to
m
ated
,
an
d
s
ca
l
ab
le
v
er
if
ica
tio
n
e
n
v
ir
o
n
m
en
t
s
f
o
r
co
m
p
le
x
I
P
an
d
So
C
d
e
s
ig
n
s
.
Ou
r
m
e
th
o
d
a
im
s
t
o
s
p
e
e
d
u
p
th
e
t
im
e
it
t
ak
es
t
o
g
e
t
v
e
r
if
i
ca
t
i
o
n
t
o
m
a
r
k
e
t
w
h
i
l
e
s
ti
l
l
f
o
l
l
o
w
in
g
n
ew
v
er
i
f
ic
a
t
i
o
n
s
ta
n
d
ar
d
s
.
W
e
d
o
th
is
b
y
u
s
i
n
g
p
o
r
tab
le
s
ti
m
u
l
u
s
,
b
etter
test
b
en
c
h
au
to
m
atio
n
,
a
n
d
A
I
-
as
s
is
ted
v
er
if
i
ca
tio
n
.
2.
L
I
T
ARA
T
UR
E
RE
VE
I
W
Nu
m
er
o
u
s
r
esear
c
h
in
it
iati
v
es
h
av
e
i
n
v
e
s
ti
g
ated
v
ar
io
u
s
as
p
ec
ts
o
f
UVM
an
d
r
eu
s
ab
le
v
er
if
icatio
n
IP
.
A
n
w
ar
et
a
l
.
[
1
]
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
a
co
h
esiv
e
f
r
a
m
e
w
o
r
k
f
o
r
b
o
th
s
tatic
a
n
d
d
y
n
a
m
ic
as
s
er
tio
n
-
b
ased
v
er
i
f
icatio
n
in
UVM
,
e
m
p
h
asizi
n
g
its
r
elev
an
ce
f
o
r
ex
ten
s
iv
e
So
C
d
es
ig
n
s
.
S
u
b
r
a
m
a
n
y
an
e
t a
l.
[
2
]
an
d
R
eid
et
a
l
.
[
3
]
also
s
h
o
w
ed
f
o
r
m
al
v
er
i
f
icatio
n
m
eth
o
d
s
f
o
r
p
r
o
ce
s
s
o
r
ab
s
tr
ac
tio
n
,
w
h
ic
h
s
h
o
w
s
t
h
at
f
o
r
m
al
a
n
d
s
i
m
u
latio
n
-
b
ased
m
et
h
o
d
s
n
ee
d
to
w
o
r
k
to
g
eth
e
r
m
o
r
e
clo
s
el
y
.
T
r
u
o
n
g
et
a
l
.
[
4
]
in
tr
o
d
u
ce
d
f
au
lt,
a
d
o
m
a
in
-
s
p
ec
i
f
ic
lan
g
u
a
g
e
f
o
r
p
o
r
tab
le
v
er
if
icatio
n
co
m
p
o
n
en
ts
,
w
h
ile
r
ec
en
t
AC
M
an
d
I
E
E
E
w
o
r
k
[
5
]
,
[
6
]
f
o
cu
s
ed
o
n
p
r
iv
ac
y
-
p
r
eser
v
i
n
g
v
er
i
f
i
ca
tio
n
an
d
m
ak
in
g
co
m
p
o
n
e
n
t
s
ea
s
ier
to
m
o
v
e
ar
o
u
n
d
.
A
t
t
h
e
So
C
le
v
el,
s
ec
u
r
i
t
y
-
o
r
ien
ted
s
t
u
d
ies
li
k
e
Me
n
g
et
a
l
.
[
7
]
an
d
Kim
an
d
Villas
e
n
o
r
[
8
]
h
av
e
p
i
n
p
o
in
ted
w
ea
k
n
e
s
s
es
i
n
ca
c
h
e
-
co
h
er
en
t
a
n
d
n
et
w
o
r
k
-
on
-
ch
ip
(
No
C
)
-
b
ased
ar
ch
itect
u
r
es,
p
r
o
m
p
ti
n
g
th
e
i
m
p
le
m
e
n
tat
io
n
o
f
r
eu
s
ab
le
s
ec
u
r
it
y
v
er
i
f
icatio
n
i
n
tellec
tu
al
p
r
o
p
er
ty
.
W
ith
th
e
in
tr
o
d
u
ctio
n
o
f
A
I
/
ML
i
n
v
er
i
f
icatio
n
,
R
u
s
u
et
a
l
.
[
1
0
]
an
d
C
h
r
is
tak
i
s
et
a
l
.
[
1
1
]
s
u
g
g
e
s
ted
f
r
a
m
e
w
o
r
k
s
f
o
r
ad
ap
tiv
e
v
er
i
f
icatio
n
a
n
d
au
to
m
ated
s
a
f
et
y
an
al
y
s
is
.
T
h
ese
m
et
h
o
d
s
s
h
o
w
h
o
w
m
o
d
el
s
t
h
at
lear
n
ca
n
s
p
ee
d
u
p
th
e
p
r
o
ce
s
s
o
f
clo
s
in
g
v
er
if
ica
tio
n
co
v
er
a
g
e
g
ap
s
.
Gr
u
etter
et
a
l
.
[
1
2
]
an
d
Fo
s
ter
et
a
l
.
[
1
3
]
also
lo
o
k
ed
at
test
b
en
ch
au
to
m
atio
n
a
n
d
in
ter
ac
ti
v
e
v
er
i
f
ic
atio
n
,
w
h
ic
h
s
h
o
w
s
h
o
w
i
m
p
o
r
tan
t
it
is
to
b
e
ab
le
to
r
eu
s
e
th
i
n
g
s
i
n
b
ig
So
C
p
r
o
jects.
Ver
if
icatio
n
s
tan
d
ar
d
s
ar
e
th
e
m
o
s
t
i
m
p
o
r
ta
n
t
p
ar
t
o
f
in
ter
o
p
er
ab
ilit
y
.
I
E
E
E
1
8
0
0
.
2
-
2
0
2
0
(
UVM
)
[
1
4
]
,
I
E
E
E
1
8
0
0
-
2
0
1
7
(
Sy
s
te
m
Ver
ilo
g
)
[
1
5
]
,
an
d
A
cc
eller
a’
s
P
SS
[
1
6
]
ar
e
th
e
b
u
ild
in
g
b
lo
ck
s
f
o
r
p
o
r
tab
le
an
d
s
tan
d
ar
d
ized
v
er
i
f
icatio
n
f
lo
w
s
.
S
y
s
te
m
C
[
1
7
]
an
d
P
S
L
[
1
8
]
ad
d
to
th
is
b
y
m
a
k
in
g
v
er
i
f
icatio
n
m
o
r
e
s
y
s
te
m
-
le
v
el
a
n
d
p
r
o
p
er
ty
-
d
r
iv
en
.
T
h
ese
ef
f
o
r
ts
s
h
o
w
b
o
th
t
h
e
p
r
o
g
r
ess
an
d
t
h
e
p
r
o
b
le
m
s
w
i
th
cu
r
r
en
t
m
et
h
o
d
s
.
T
h
ey
s
h
o
w
h
o
w
i
m
p
o
r
tan
t
it
is
to
h
av
e
u
n
if
ied
f
r
a
m
e
w
o
r
k
s
th
at
b
r
in
g
to
g
et
h
er
UVM
,
p
o
r
tab
le
I
P
,
A
I
/M
L
,
an
d
i
n
d
u
s
tr
y
s
tan
d
ar
d
s
.
3.
RE
S
E
ARCH
M
E
T
H
O
D
T
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
m
et
h
o
d
o
lo
g
y
a
i
m
s
to
f
ac
il
itate
p
o
r
tab
le
an
d
r
eu
s
ab
le
v
er
if
icat
io
n
I
P
(
VI
P)
w
it
h
i
n
a
UVM
-
b
ased
f
r
a
m
e
w
o
r
k
,
s
p
ec
if
icall
y
f
o
cu
s
in
g
o
n
i
n
tr
icate
I
P
an
d
So
C
v
er
if
icatio
n
.
Ou
r
m
eth
o
d
co
m
b
i
n
es
s
tan
d
ar
d
ized
test
b
en
c
h
p
ar
ts
,
au
to
m
ated
w
o
r
k
f
lo
w
s
,
a
n
d
s
ca
lab
ilit
y
to
o
ls
t
h
at
m
a
k
e
v
er
if
icatio
n
ea
s
ier
a
n
d
s
p
ee
d
u
p
ti
m
e
to
m
ar
k
et.
3
.
1
.
Univ
e
rsa
l v
er
if
ic
a
t
io
n
m
et
ho
do
lo
g
y
-
ba
s
ed
po
rt
a
ble v
er
if
ica
t
io
n f
r
a
m
ew
o
rk
W
e
u
s
ed
t
h
e
I
E
E
E
1
8
0
0
.
2
-
2
0
2
0
UVM
s
tan
d
ar
d
to
m
a
k
e
s
u
r
e
w
e
f
o
llo
w
ed
w
id
el
y
ac
ce
p
ted
v
er
if
ica
tio
n
p
r
ac
tices.
T
h
e
f
r
am
e
w
o
r
k
is
b
u
i
lt
ar
o
u
n
d
r
eu
s
a
b
le
p
ar
ts
lik
e
d
r
iv
er
s
,
m
o
n
ito
r
s
,
s
eq
u
en
ce
r
s
,
a
n
d
s
co
r
eb
o
ar
d
s
.
T
h
is
m
a
k
e
s
it
ea
s
y
to
u
s
e
f
o
r
b
o
th
I
P
an
d
So
C
-
lev
el
v
er
i
f
icatio
n
.
T
h
e
s
u
g
g
ested
P
VI
P
f
r
a
m
e
w
o
r
k
is
m
ea
n
t
to
m
ak
e
it
p
o
s
s
ib
le
to
r
e
u
s
e
an
d
s
ca
le
ac
r
o
s
s
d
i
f
f
er
e
n
t
t
y
p
es
o
f
So
C
v
er
if
ica
tio
n
en
v
ir
o
n
m
e
n
t
s
.
T
h
e
ar
ch
itectu
r
e
u
s
es U
VM
la
y
er
s
an
d
m
a
k
e
s
it e
asier
to
s
et
u
p
,
co
m
m
u
n
ica
te,
an
d
test
s
ti
m
u
li.
Fig
u
r
e
1
s
h
o
w
s
th
at
t
h
e
P
VI
P
f
r
a
m
e
w
o
r
k
ad
d
s
r
eu
s
ab
le
p
ar
t
s
to
th
e
UVM
test
b
en
ch
w
h
ile
s
till
w
o
r
k
in
g
w
it
h
m
an
y
p
r
o
to
co
ls
an
d
d
esig
n
h
i
er
ar
ch
ies.
T
h
is
m
o
d
u
lar
d
esig
n
allo
w
s
f
o
r
co
n
f
i
g
u
r
ab
ilit
y
an
d
r
eu
s
a
b
ilit
y
,
w
h
ic
h
m
ea
n
s
t
h
at
th
e
s
a
m
e
v
er
i
f
icati
o
n
I
P
ca
n
b
e
u
s
ed
in
d
if
f
er
en
t
p
r
o
j
ec
ts
w
it
h
o
n
l
y
a
f
e
w
c
h
a
n
g
es [
1
]
,
[
4
]
,
[
1
5
]
.
3
.
2
.
P
o
rt
a
ble st
i
m
ul
us
a
nd
a
uto
m
a
t
io
n
T
h
e
m
et
h
o
d
u
s
es
th
e
A
cc
elle
r
a
p
o
r
tab
le
s
tim
u
l
u
s
s
ta
n
d
ar
d
(
P
SS
v
2
.
1
)
[
1
9
]
to
m
a
k
e
it
p
o
s
s
ib
le
to
m
o
v
e
s
ti
m
u
li
b
et
w
ee
n
s
i
m
u
la
tio
n
,
e
m
u
lat
io
n
,
an
d
FP
GA
p
r
o
to
ty
p
i
n
g
.
Sti
m
u
l
u
s
ab
s
tr
ac
ti
o
n
allo
w
s
co
m
p
le
x
v
er
if
ica
tio
n
s
ce
n
ar
io
s
to
b
e
u
s
ed
o
n
d
if
f
er
en
t
p
lat
f
o
r
m
s
,
w
h
i
ch
i
m
p
r
o
v
e
s
co
v
er
ag
e
a
n
d
cu
t
s
d
o
w
n
o
n
t
h
e
n
ee
d
f
o
r
m
a
n
u
a
l
r
e
-
co
d
in
g
[
2
0
]
.
Dr
iv
er
s
,
m
o
n
ito
r
s
,
s
co
r
eb
o
ar
d
s
,
an
d
s
eq
u
e
n
ce
r
s
t
h
at
w
o
r
k
w
it
h
t
h
e
d
ev
ice
u
n
d
er
test
(
DUT
)
m
ak
e
u
p
t
h
e
UV
M
-
b
ased
v
er
i
f
icat
io
n
e
n
v
ir
o
n
m
en
t.
T
h
e
r
eu
s
ab
le
P
VI
P
f
it
s
to
g
eth
er
p
er
f
ec
tl
y
,
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
0
8
9
-
4864
I
n
t J
R
ec
o
n
f
i
g
u
r
ab
le
&
E
m
b
ed
d
ed
Sy
s
t
,
Vo
l.
1
5
,
No
.
1
,
Ma
r
c
h
202
6
:
78
-
85
80
w
h
ic
h
cu
ts
d
o
w
n
o
n
th
e
w
o
r
k
n
ee
d
ed
to
r
e
d
ev
elo
p
I
P
an
d
So
C
lev
els.
Fi
g
u
r
e
2
s
h
o
w
s
h
o
w
th
e
UVM
-
b
ased
en
v
ir
o
n
m
e
n
t
i
s
s
et
u
p
an
d
h
o
w
it
w
o
r
k
s
w
it
h
P
VI
P
p
ar
ts
.
B
y
co
m
b
i
n
in
g
P
SS
w
it
h
UV
M,
th
e
test
b
e
n
ch
ca
n
b
e
u
s
ed
at
b
o
th
th
e
b
lo
ck
an
d
So
C
lev
els,
m
a
k
i
n
g
it
cr
o
s
s
-
le
v
e
l
p
o
r
ta
b
le.
T
h
e
p
i
p
elin
e
in
clu
d
es
co
v
er
ag
e
-
d
r
i
v
en
v
er
if
ica
tio
n
(
C
DV)
an
d
r
eg
r
ess
io
n
m
an
a
g
e
m
en
t,
w
h
ic
h
m
ak
e
s
s
u
r
e
t
h
at
co
v
er
ag
e
m
etr
ics
k
ee
p
g
etti
n
g
b
etter
[
2
1
]
.
Fig
u
r
e
1
.
Hig
h
-
le
v
el
ar
ch
itect
u
r
e
o
f
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
p
o
r
ta
b
le
UVM
-
b
ased
v
er
i
f
icatio
n
f
r
a
m
e
w
o
r
k
Fig
u
r
e
2
.
UM
L
r
ep
r
esen
tatio
n
o
f
th
e
UVM
cla
s
s
h
ier
ar
ch
y
a
n
d
r
eu
s
ab
le
v
er
i
f
icatio
n
co
m
p
o
n
en
t
s
4.
RE
SU
L
T
S AN
D
D
I
SCU
SS
I
O
N
W
e
test
ed
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
P
VI
P
f
r
a
m
e
w
o
r
k
in
a
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
co
m
p
licated
So
C
a
n
d
I
P
v
er
if
icatio
n
en
v
ir
o
n
m
e
n
t
s
to
s
ee
h
o
w
w
ell
it
co
u
ld
b
e
r
eu
s
ed
,
m
o
v
ed
ar
o
u
n
d
,
an
d
w
o
r
k
ed
co
m
p
ar
ed
to
tr
ad
itio
n
al
UVM
-
b
ased
test
b
en
ch
e
s
.
T
h
e
d
r
af
t si
m
u
latio
n
r
es
u
lt
s
y
o
u
g
a
v
e
u
s
w
er
e
u
s
ed
to
g
et
th
e
e
x
p
er
i
m
e
n
tal
d
a
ta.
4
.
1
.
Ver
if
ica
t
io
n
re
us
e
ef
f
iciency
On
e
o
f
th
e
m
ai
n
ad
v
an
ta
g
es
o
f
th
e
f
r
a
m
e
w
o
r
k
i
s
th
at
it
lets
y
o
u
u
s
e
v
er
i
f
icatio
n
p
ar
ts
o
v
e
r
d
if
f
er
en
t
t
y
p
es
o
f
I
P
b
lo
ck
s
.
T
ab
le
1
s
h
o
w
s
h
o
w
w
el
l
U
A
R
T
[
2
2
]
,
A
XI
[
2
3
]
,
an
d
MI
P
S
[
2
4
]
p
r
o
ce
s
s
o
r
en
v
ir
o
n
m
e
n
t
s
ca
n
r
eu
s
e
th
i
n
g
s
.
T
h
e
s
u
g
g
e
s
ted
m
et
h
o
d
g
o
t
m
o
r
e
t
h
an
7
5
%
r
eu
s
e
in
v
er
i
f
icatio
n
co
m
p
o
n
e
n
t
s
,
w
h
ile
tr
ad
itio
n
al
UVM
[
2
5
]
o
n
l
y
en
v
ir
o
n
m
en
ts
o
n
l
y
g
o
t 4
5
–
5
5
% r
eu
s
e.
T
ab
le
1
.
R
eu
s
e
ef
f
icie
n
c
y
o
f
v
er
if
icatio
n
co
m
p
o
n
en
ts
D
e
si
g
n
e
n
v
i
r
o
n
me
n
t
UVM
-
o
n
l
y
r
e
u
se
(
%)
P
r
o
p
o
se
d
f
r
a
me
w
o
r
k
r
e
u
se
(
%)
U
A
R
T
48
77
A
X
I
52
81
M
I
P
S
p
r
o
c
e
sso
r
55
79
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
t J
R
ec
o
n
f
i
g
u
r
ab
le
&
E
m
b
ed
d
ed
Sy
s
t
I
SS
N:
2089
-
4864
P
o
r
ta
b
le
ve
r
ifica
tio
n
I
P
:
A
UV
M
-
b
a
s
ed
a
p
p
r
o
a
ch
f
o
r
r
eu
s
a
b
le
ve
r
ifica
tio
n
…
(
Ha
r
in
a
g
a
r
ju
n
C
h
ip
p
a
g
i
)
81
4
.
2
.
Sca
la
bil
it
y
f
o
r
s
y
s
t
e
m
-
on
-
chip
v
er
if
ica
t
io
n
T
h
e
f
r
a
m
e
w
o
r
k
w
as
u
s
ed
o
n
a
m
u
lt
i
-
co
r
e
So
C
w
it
h
i
n
ter
co
n
n
ec
t
s
th
at
w
er
e
ca
ch
e
-
co
h
er
en
t.
T
h
e
r
esu
lt
s
s
h
o
w
ed
t
h
at
th
e
m
o
d
u
l
ar
VI
P
s
co
u
ld
b
e
s
ca
led
u
p
w
i
th
o
u
t
m
u
ch
e
x
tr
a
w
o
r
k
,
w
h
ic
h
cu
t
th
e
ti
m
e
it
to
o
k
to
d
ev
elo
p
test
s
b
y
3
5
%
co
m
p
ar
ed
to
tr
ad
itio
n
al
f
lo
w
s
.
Fig
u
r
e
3
s
h
o
w
s
h
o
w
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
P
VI
P
f
r
am
e
w
o
r
k
i
m
p
r
o
v
es
t
h
e
r
eu
s
e
o
f
v
er
i
f
ica
tio
n
co
m
p
o
n
e
n
ts
co
m
p
ar
ed
to
n
o
r
m
al
UV
M
s
et
u
p
s
.
T
h
e
g
r
a
p
h
clea
r
l
y
i
n
d
icate
s
th
at
P
VI
P
ac
h
iev
es
h
ig
h
er
r
eu
s
e
(
ab
o
v
e
7
5
%)
ac
r
o
s
s
d
if
f
er
en
t
I
P
d
esig
n
s
lik
e
U
AR
T
,
A
XI
,
an
d
MI
P
S,
w
h
ile
tr
ad
itio
n
al
UVM
g
iv
e
s
o
n
l
y
a
b
o
u
t
5
0
%.
Fig
u
r
e
4
ex
p
lai
n
s
h
o
w
t
h
e
to
tal
v
er
i
f
icatio
n
e
f
f
o
r
t
is
r
ed
u
ce
d
in
ea
ch
p
r
o
j
ec
t
p
h
ase.
B
ec
au
s
e
P
VI
P
u
s
e
s
au
to
m
a
tio
n
an
d
r
eu
s
ab
le
test
b
en
ch
p
ar
ts
,
th
e
ti
m
e
an
d
ef
f
o
r
t
n
ee
d
ed
f
o
r
s
etu
p
,
test
i
n
g
,
an
d
co
v
er
ag
e
ar
e
m
u
c
h
lo
w
er
s
av
in
g
ar
o
u
n
d
o
n
e
-
th
ir
d
o
f
t
h
e
to
tal
w
o
r
k
.
Fig
u
r
e
3
.
Ver
if
icatio
n
r
e
u
s
e
e
f
f
icie
n
c
y
co
m
p
ar
i
s
o
n
Fig
u
r
e
4
.
Ver
if
icatio
n
e
f
f
o
r
t r
ed
u
ctio
n
o
v
er
p
r
o
j
ec
t p
h
ases
Fig
u
r
e
5
co
m
p
ar
es
th
e
s
i
m
u
l
atio
n
ti
m
e
s
f
o
r
d
if
f
er
en
t
te
s
t
ca
s
es.
T
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
P
VI
P
m
eth
o
d
r
u
n
s
f
aster
s
in
ce
it
a
v
o
id
s
r
ep
ea
ted
test
b
en
c
h
s
et
u
p
s
a
n
d
u
s
e
s
au
to
m
atic
te
s
t
g
e
n
er
atio
n
.
O
n
a
v
er
ag
e,
it
g
i
v
e
s
ab
o
u
t
3
0
%
f
aster
s
i
m
u
latio
n
th
a
n
t
h
e
r
eg
u
lar
UVM
m
et
h
o
d
.
Fig
u
re
6
p
r
esen
ts
th
e
f
u
n
ct
io
n
al
co
v
er
ag
e
ac
h
iev
ed
b
y
d
if
f
er
e
n
t
v
er
i
f
icatio
n
m
et
h
o
d
s
.
P
VI
P
co
v
er
s
m
o
r
e
test
s
ce
n
ar
io
s
an
d
r
ea
ch
es
f
u
ll
co
v
er
ag
e
s
o
o
n
er
b
ec
au
s
e
it
co
m
b
i
n
es
P
o
r
tab
le
Sti
m
u
lu
s
a
n
d
in
te
lli
g
en
t
test
g
e
n
er
atio
n
.
T
h
is
i
m
p
r
o
v
es
o
v
er
all
co
v
er
a
g
e
b
y
ab
o
u
t
8
–
1
0
%
o
v
er
th
e
n
o
r
m
a
l U
VM
f
lo
w
.
Fig
u
r
e
7
s
h
o
w
s
t
h
e
tr
en
d
o
f
v
er
if
icatio
n
e
f
f
ic
ien
c
y
f
r
o
m
2
0
2
0
to
2
0
2
5
.
I
t
h
ig
h
lig
h
t
s
th
at
ef
f
icien
c
y
h
as
i
m
p
r
o
v
ed
o
v
er
ti
m
e
w
it
h
n
e
w
m
et
h
o
d
s
lik
e
P
VI
P
.
T
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
co
n
tin
u
es
to
p
er
f
o
r
m
b
etter
in
r
eu
s
ab
ilit
y
,
au
t
o
m
a
tio
n
,
an
d
s
i
m
u
latio
n
s
p
ee
d
as
v
er
if
icatio
n
tech
n
o
lo
g
ie
s
ev
o
lv
e.
I
n
Fi
g
u
r
e
8
,
c
o
m
p
ar
is
o
n
o
f
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
m
etr
ics
ac
r
o
s
s
d
i
f
f
er
en
t
v
er
i
f
icat
io
n
m
e
th
o
d
s
(
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
p
o
r
tab
le
UVM
-
b
ased
v
er
if
icatio
n
I
P
v
s
b
aselin
e
UVM
,
tr
ad
itio
n
al
d
ir
ec
ted
test
b
en
ch
es,
an
d
A
I
-
a
s
s
is
ted
h
y
b
r
id
v
er
if
icatio
n
)
s
h
o
w
s
th
a
t
co
v
er
ag
e,
r
eu
s
ab
ilit
y
,
s
i
m
u
latio
n
s
p
ee
d
,
an
d
ti
m
e
-
to
-
m
ar
k
et
h
av
e
all
i
m
p
r
o
v
ed
(
2
0
2
5
r
esu
lts
)
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
0
8
9
-
4864
I
n
t J
R
ec
o
n
f
i
g
u
r
ab
le
&
E
m
b
ed
d
ed
Sy
s
t
,
Vo
l.
1
5
,
No
.
1
,
Ma
r
c
h
202
6
:
78
-
85
82
Fig
u
r
e
5
.
Si
m
u
latio
n
ti
m
e
co
m
p
ar
is
o
n
ac
r
o
s
s
test
s
ce
n
ar
io
s
Fig
u
r
e
6
.
C
o
v
er
ag
e
co
m
p
ar
is
o
n
ac
r
o
s
s
s
ce
n
ar
io
s
W
e
test
ed
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
p
o
r
t
ab
le
UVM
-
b
ased
Ver
if
icat
io
n
I
P
f
r
a
m
e
w
o
r
k
a
g
ai
n
s
t
th
r
e
e
s
ta
n
d
ar
d
m
et
h
o
d
s
:
i)
tr
ad
itio
n
al
d
ir
e
cted
test
b
en
c
h
es
a
n
d
ii)
s
ta
n
d
ar
d
UVM
en
v
ir
o
n
m
en
ts
w
it
h
o
u
t
p
o
r
tab
ilit
y
ex
ten
s
io
n
s
.
W
e
r
an
s
i
m
u
latio
n
test
s
o
n
t
y
p
ical
So
C
I
P
b
l
o
ck
s
,
lik
e
m
e
m
o
r
y
co
n
tr
o
ller
s
,
UART
,
an
d
A
XI
in
ter
co
n
n
ec
ts
,
a
n
d
w
e
m
ea
s
u
r
ed
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
P
VI
P
h
as
9
2
%
f
u
n
ctio
n
a
l
co
v
er
ag
e,
w
h
ic
h
is
b
etter
t
h
an
b
o
th
s
tan
d
ar
d
UVM
(
8
4
%)
an
d
d
ir
ec
ted
test
b
en
ch
es
(
7
1
%).
A
ls
o
,
r
eu
s
ab
ilit
y
w
en
t
u
p
a
lo
t,
f
r
o
m
6
8
%
f
o
r
s
tan
d
ar
d
UVM
to
8
7
%
f
o
r
d
ir
ec
te
d
test
b
en
ch
es.
T
h
is
s
h
o
w
s
h
o
w
w
el
l
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
m
eth
o
d
w
o
r
k
s
w
it
h
p
o
r
tab
ilit
y
an
d
m
o
d
u
lar
it
y
.
T
h
e
p
o
r
tab
le
UVM
-
b
ased
s
o
lu
tio
n
w
a
s
3
1
%
f
aster
t
h
a
n
tr
ad
i
tio
n
al
UV
M
w
h
en
it
ca
m
e
to
s
i
m
u
latio
n
s
p
ee
d
.
T
h
is
w
as
m
o
s
t
l
y
b
ec
au
s
e
it
u
s
ed
o
p
ti
m
ized
tr
a
n
s
ac
ti
o
n
-
le
v
el
m
o
d
eli
n
g
an
d
c
u
t
d
o
w
n
o
n
u
n
n
ec
es
s
ar
y
test
s
eq
u
e
n
ce
s
.
T
h
e
r
e
d
u
ctio
n
in
ti
m
e
-
to
-
m
ar
k
et
w
as
also
s
i
g
n
i
f
ica
n
t
(
ab
o
u
t
2
7
%
f
aster
)
c
o
m
p
ar
ed
to
cu
r
r
en
t
m
et
h
o
d
s
,
w
h
ic
h
s
h
o
w
s
th
a
t
th
e
f
r
a
m
e
w
o
r
k
is
u
s
e
f
u
l
in
t
h
e
r
ea
l
w
o
r
ld
.
A
I
-
as
s
i
s
ted
h
y
b
r
id
m
et
h
o
d
s
h
ad
a
co
m
p
eti
tiv
e
s
i
m
u
latio
n
s
p
ee
d
(
al
m
o
s
t
2
8
%
f
a
s
ter
)
,
b
u
t
th
e
y
f
ell
s
h
o
r
t
in
ter
m
s
o
f
co
v
er
ag
e
co
m
p
lete
n
es
s
an
d
r
eu
s
ab
ilit
y
.
T
h
is
s
u
g
g
e
s
ts
t
h
a
t
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
p
o
r
tab
le
VI
P
s
tr
ik
e
s
a
b
etter
b
alan
ce
b
et
wee
n
ef
f
icie
n
c
y
an
d
r
eliab
ilit
y
.
T
o
en
h
an
ce
th
e
r
ep
r
o
d
u
cib
ilit
y
a
n
d
cr
ed
ib
ilit
y
o
f
th
e
p
r
esen
ted
r
esu
lts
,
th
e
ex
p
er
i
m
en
tal
s
ec
tio
n
ca
n
b
e
f
u
r
th
er
elab
o
r
ated
w
ith
s
p
e
cif
ic
d
etails
ab
o
u
t
th
e
v
er
if
ica
ti
o
n
s
etu
p
.
T
h
is
s
h
o
u
ld
in
cl
u
d
e
th
e
h
ar
d
w
ar
e
an
d
s
i
m
u
lat
io
n
e
n
v
ir
o
n
m
e
n
t
s
u
t
ili
ze
d
(
f
o
r
ex
a
m
p
le,
C
ad
e
n
ce
X
ce
liu
m
,
S
y
n
o
p
s
y
s
V
C
S,
o
r
M
en
to
r
Qu
e
s
ta)
,
th
e
b
en
ch
m
ar
k
I
P
s
an
d
So
C
m
o
d
u
les
te
s
ted
(
s
u
c
h
as
U
AR
T
,
A
XI
,
an
d
MI
P
S
p
r
o
ce
s
s
o
r
co
r
es
)
,
an
d
th
e
co
v
er
ag
e
m
etr
ics
ad
o
p
ted
f
o
r
ev
alu
a
t
io
n
(
in
cl
u
d
i
n
g
f
u
n
ctio
n
al,
c
o
d
e,
an
d
ass
er
tio
n
co
v
er
ag
e
)
.
P
r
o
v
id
in
g
t
h
ese
s
p
ec
if
icatio
n
s
w
ill
e
n
s
u
r
e
th
at
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
o
r
ta
b
le
UVM
-
b
ased
v
er
if
icatio
n
I
P
f
r
am
e
w
o
r
k
ca
n
b
e
ef
f
ec
t
iv
el
y
r
ep
r
o
d
u
ce
d
,
v
alid
ated
,
an
d
b
en
ch
m
ar
k
ed
b
y
o
t
h
er
r
esear
ch
er
s
w
it
h
i
n
s
i
m
ilar
v
er
i
f
ica
tio
n
en
v
ir
o
n
m
e
n
ts
.
T
ab
le
2
co
m
p
ar
es th
e
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
o
f
f
o
u
r
d
if
f
er
en
t
v
er
if
icat
io
n
m
et
h
o
d
s
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
t J
R
ec
o
n
f
i
g
u
r
ab
le
&
E
m
b
ed
d
ed
Sy
s
t
I
SS
N:
2089
-
4864
P
o
r
ta
b
le
ve
r
ifica
tio
n
I
P
:
A
UV
M
-
b
a
s
ed
a
p
p
r
o
a
ch
f
o
r
r
eu
s
a
b
le
ve
r
ifica
tio
n
…
(
Ha
r
in
a
g
a
r
ju
n
C
h
ip
p
a
g
i
)
83
Fig
u
r
e
7
.
Ver
if
icatio
n
e
f
f
icie
n
c
y
tr
en
d
(
2
0
2
0
–
2
0
2
5
)
Fig
u
r
e
8
.
P
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
m
etr
ic
s
co
m
p
ar
is
o
n
ac
r
o
s
s
m
e
th
o
d
s
(
2
0
2
5
)
T
ab
le
2
.
Ver
if
icatio
n
r
esu
lt
s
c
o
m
p
ar
is
o
n
g
e
n
er
ated
f
r
o
m
t
h
e
v
alu
e
s
M
e
t
h
o
d
o
l
o
g
y
F
u
n
c
t
i
o
n
a
l
c
o
v
e
r
a
g
e
(
%)
R
e
u
sa
b
i
l
i
t
y
(
%)
S
i
mu
l
a
t
i
o
n
s
p
e
e
d
(
t
e
st
s/
se
c
)
T
i
me
-
to
-
mark
e
t
r
e
d
u
c
t
i
o
n
(
%)
D
i
r
e
c
t
e
d
t
e
st
b
e
n
c
h
e
s
71
42
1
0
0
0
S
t
a
n
d
a
r
d
U
V
M
84
68
1
4
5
12
H
y
b
r
i
d
A
I
-
a
ssi
st
e
d
v
e
r
i
f
i
c
a
t
i
o
n
86
73
1
8
5
21
P
r
o
p
o
se
d
p
o
r
t
a
b
l
e
U
V
M
-
b
a
se
d
V
I
P
92
87
1
9
0
27
5.
CO
NCLU
SI
O
N
T
h
is
w
o
r
k
in
tr
o
d
u
ce
d
a
P
VI
P
f
r
a
m
e
w
o
r
k
d
er
iv
ed
f
r
o
m
t
h
e
UVM
to
f
ac
ilit
ate
r
eu
s
ab
le
an
d
s
ca
lab
le
v
er
if
ica
tio
n
i
n
in
tr
icate
I
P
an
d
So
C
en
v
ir
o
n
m
e
n
ts
.
T
h
e
s
u
g
g
ested
f
r
a
m
e
w
o
r
k
m
ad
e
v
er
if
i
ca
tio
n
m
u
ch
ea
s
ier
b
y
u
s
i
n
g
m
o
d
u
lar
d
esi
g
n
p
r
in
cip
les,
ad
v
an
ce
d
test
b
en
c
h
a
u
t
o
m
a
tio
n
,
an
d
s
ta
n
d
ar
d
s
-
d
r
i
v
en
in
teg
r
atio
n
.
I
t
also
m
ad
e
p
r
o
j
ec
ts
m
o
r
e
r
eu
s
ab
le
a
n
d
a
d
ap
tab
le.
T
h
e
ex
p
er
im
e
n
tal
r
esu
l
ts
s
h
o
w
ed
th
at
v
er
i
f
icatio
n
ef
f
icie
n
c
y
i
m
p
r
o
v
ed
in
m
ea
s
u
r
ab
le
w
a
y
s
,
s
u
c
h
as
s
h
o
r
ter
v
er
i
f
icatio
n
c
y
cle
ti
m
e
s
an
d
b
etter
co
v
er
ag
e
c
lo
s
u
r
e
t
h
an
tr
ad
itio
n
al
m
et
h
o
d
s
.
T
h
e
in
teg
r
at
io
n
o
f
P
VI
P
n
o
t
o
n
l
y
m
ad
e
v
er
if
icat
io
n
wo
r
k
f
lo
w
s
m
o
r
e
ef
f
icie
n
t,
b
u
t
i
t
also
m
ad
e
s
u
r
e
th
at
d
if
f
er
en
t
I
P
b
lo
ck
s
w
o
r
k
ed
to
g
eth
er
,
w
h
ic
h
s
p
ed
u
p
th
e
t
i
m
e
to
m
ar
k
et.
I
n
ad
d
itio
n
to
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
i
m
p
r
o
v
e
m
e
n
ts
,
t
h
e
f
r
a
m
e
w
o
r
k
s
h
o
w
s
h
o
w
i
m
p
o
r
tan
t
s
tan
d
ar
d
izatio
n
an
d
p
o
r
tab
ilit
y
ar
e
in
to
d
ay
'
s
v
er
if
icatio
n
ec
o
s
y
s
t
e
m
s
.
T
h
e
r
esu
lts
s
h
o
w
th
a
t
u
s
i
n
g
r
eu
s
ab
le
v
er
i
f
icatio
n
I
P
w
it
h
UVM
m
eth
o
d
s
is
a
s
tr
o
n
g
w
a
y
to
d
ea
l
w
it
h
th
e
g
r
o
w
i
n
g
co
m
p
lex
it
y
o
f
So
C
v
er
i
f
icatio
n
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
0
8
9
-
4864
I
n
t J
R
ec
o
n
f
i
g
u
r
ab
le
&
E
m
b
ed
d
ed
Sy
s
t
,
Vo
l.
1
5
,
No
.
1
,
Ma
r
c
h
202
6
:
78
-
85
84
ACK
NO
WL
E
D
G
M
E
NT
S
T
h
e
au
th
o
r
s
w
o
u
ld
l
ik
e
to
t
h
an
k
t
h
e
f
ac
u
lt
y
,
h
ea
d
o
f
t
h
e
d
ep
ar
t
m
e
n
t
,
Dr
.
G.
Ma
m
ath
a
,
a
n
d
p
o
s
tg
r
ad
u
ate
s
t
u
d
en
ts
(
M.
T
ec
h
-
VL
SI
d
esig
n
)
o
f
E
C
E
Dep
ar
tm
e
n
t,
J
NT
U
C
o
lleg
e
o
f
E
n
g
i
n
ee
r
i
n
g
An
a
n
th
ap
u
r
a
m
u
.
Sp
ec
ial
ap
p
r
ec
iatio
n
g
o
es
to
t
h
e
S
h
y
a
m
P
r
asad
Gaj
u
la,
So
lu
t
io
n
A
r
c
h
ite
ct
–
VL
SI,
Ne
x
tGe
n
R
&
D,
T
ata
C
o
n
s
u
lta
n
c
y
Ser
v
i
ce
s
H
y
d
er
ab
ad
,
w
h
o
p
r
o
v
id
ed
co
n
s
ta
n
t s
u
p
p
o
r
t r
ig
h
t th
r
o
u
g
h
o
u
t.
F
UNDIN
G
I
NF
O
RM
AT
I
O
N
T
h
e
au
th
o
r
s
d
ec
lar
e
th
at
n
o
f
u
n
d
in
g
w
as r
ec
ei
v
ed
f
o
r
th
i
s
r
es
ea
r
ch
w
o
r
k
.
AUTHO
R
CO
NT
RIB
UT
I
O
NS ST
A
T
E
M
E
NT
T
h
is
jo
u
r
n
al
u
s
e
s
th
e
C
o
n
tr
ib
u
to
r
R
o
les
T
ax
o
n
o
m
y
(
C
R
ed
iT
)
t
o
r
ec
o
g
n
ize
in
d
i
v
id
u
al
au
t
h
o
r
co
n
tr
ib
u
tio
n
s
,
r
ed
u
ce
au
t
h
o
r
s
h
ip
d
is
p
u
tes,
an
d
f
ac
ilit
ate
co
lla
b
o
r
atio
n
.
Na
m
e
o
f
Aut
ho
r
C
M
So
Va
Fo
I
R
D
O
E
Vi
Su
P
Fu
Har
in
ag
ar
j
u
n
C
h
ip
p
ag
i
✓
✓
✓
✓
✓
✓
✓
✓
✓
V
an
g
ala
Su
m
alat
h
a
✓
✓
✓
✓
✓
✓
✓
C
:
C
o
n
c
e
p
t
u
a
l
i
z
a
t
i
o
n
M
:
M
e
t
h
o
d
o
l
o
g
y
So
:
So
f
t
w
a
r
e
Va
:
Va
l
i
d
a
t
i
o
n
Fo
:
Fo
r
mal
a
n
a
l
y
si
s
I
:
I
n
v
e
st
i
g
a
t
i
o
n
R
:
R
e
so
u
r
c
e
s
D
:
D
a
t
a
C
u
r
a
t
i
o
n
O
:
W
r
i
t
i
n
g
-
O
r
i
g
i
n
a
l
D
r
a
f
t
E
:
W
r
i
t
i
n
g
-
R
e
v
i
e
w
&
E
d
i
t
i
n
g
Vi
:
Vi
su
a
l
i
z
a
t
i
o
n
Su
:
Su
p
e
r
v
i
si
o
n
P
:
P
r
o
j
e
c
t
a
d
mi
n
i
st
r
a
t
i
o
n
Fu
:
Fu
n
d
i
n
g
a
c
q
u
i
si
t
i
o
n
CO
NF
L
I
C
T
O
F
I
N
T
E
R
E
S
T
ST
A
T
E
M
E
NT
T
h
e
au
th
o
r
s
d
ec
lar
e
th
at
t
h
er
e
is
n
o
co
n
f
lict o
f
i
n
ter
es
t r
eg
ar
d
in
g
t
h
e
p
u
b
licatio
n
o
f
t
h
is
w
o
r
k
.
DATA AV
AI
L
AB
I
L
I
T
Y
ST
AT
E
M
E
NT
T
h
e
d
ata
s
u
p
p
o
r
tin
g
th
e
f
in
d
i
n
g
s
o
f
th
i
s
s
tu
d
y
ar
e
av
ailab
l
e
f
r
o
m
t
h
e
co
r
r
esp
o
n
d
in
g
au
t
h
o
r
u
p
o
n
r
ea
s
o
n
ab
le
r
eq
u
est
.
No
p
u
b
licl
y
av
ailab
le
d
ataset
s
w
er
e
g
e
n
e
r
ated
o
r
an
aly
ze
d
d
u
r
i
n
g
t
h
e
c
u
r
r
en
t r
esear
ch
.
RE
F
E
R
E
NC
E
S
[
1
]
M
.
W
.
A
n
w
a
r
,
M
.
R
a
sh
i
d
,
F
.
A
z
a
m,
A
.
N
a
e
e
m,
M
.
K
a
sh
i
f
,
a
n
d
W
.
H
.
B
u
t
t
,
“
A
U
n
i
f
i
e
d
M
o
d
e
l
-
B
a
se
d
F
r
a
mew
o
r
k
f
o
r
t
h
e
S
i
mp
l
i
f
i
e
d
Ex
e
c
u
t
i
o
n
o
f
S
t
a
t
i
c
a
n
d
D
y
n
a
mi
c
A
sse
r
t
i
o
n
-
B
a
se
d
V
e
r
i
f
i
c
a
t
i
o
n
,
”
I
EEE
Ac
c
e
ss
,
v
o
l
.
8
,
p
p
.
1
0
4
4
0
7
–
1
0
4
4
3
1
,
2
0
2
0
,
d
o
i
:
1
0
.
1
1
0
9
/
A
C
C
ESS
.
2
0
2
0
.
2
9
9
9
5
4
4
.
[
2
]
P
.
S
u
b
r
a
ma
n
y
a
n
,
B
.
Y
.
H
u
a
n
g
,
Y
.
V
i
z
e
l
,
A
.
G
u
p
t
a
,
a
n
d
S
.
M
a
l
i
k
,
“
T
e
mp
l
a
t
e
-
B
a
se
d
P
a
r
a
me
t
e
r
i
z
e
d
S
y
n
t
h
e
si
s
o
f
U
n
i
f
o
r
m
I
n
st
r
u
c
t
i
o
n
-
L
e
v
e
l
A
b
st
r
a
c
t
i
o
n
s
f
o
r
S
o
C
V
e
r
i
f
i
c
a
t
i
o
n
,
”
I
EE
E
T
ra
n
s
a
c
t
i
o
n
s
o
n
C
o
m
p
u
t
e
r
-
Ai
d
e
d
D
e
s
i
g
n
o
f
I
n
t
e
g
r
a
t
e
d
C
i
r
c
u
i
t
s
a
n
d
S
y
s
t
e
ms
,
v
o
l
.
3
7
,
n
o
.
8
,
p
p
.
1
6
9
2
–
1
7
0
5
,
A
u
g
.
2
0
1
8
,
d
o
i
:
1
0
.
1
1
0
9
/
T
C
A
D
.
2
0
1
7
.
2
7
6
4
4
8
2
.
[
3
]
A
.
R
e
i
d
e
t
a
l
.
,
“
En
d
-
to
-
e
n
d
v
e
r
i
f
i
c
a
t
i
o
n
o
f
A
R
M
®
p
r
o
c
e
sso
r
s
w
i
t
h
I
S
A
-
f
o
r
mal
,
”
L
e
c
t
u
re
N
o
t
e
s
i
n
C
o
m
p
u
t
e
r
S
c
i
e
n
c
e
(
i
n
c
l
u
d
i
n
g
su
b
s
e
ri
e
s
L
e
c
t
u
re
N
o
t
e
s
i
n
Ar
t
i
f
i
c
i
a
l
I
n
t
e
l
l
i
g
e
n
c
e
a
n
d
L
e
c
t
u
re
N
o
t
e
s
i
n
Bi
o
i
n
f
o
rm
a
t
i
c
s)
,
v
o
l
.
9
7
8
0
,
p
p
.
4
2
–
5
8
,
2
0
1
6
,
d
o
i
:
1
0
.
1
0
0
7
/
9
7
8
-
3
-
3
1
9
-
4
1
5
4
0
-
6
_
3
.
[
4
]
L
.
T
r
u
o
n
g
e
t
a
l
.
,
“
F
a
u
l
t
:
A
P
y
t
h
o
n
E
mb
e
d
d
e
d
D
o
ma
i
n
-
S
p
e
c
i
f
i
c
L
a
n
g
u
a
g
e
f
o
r
M
e
t
a
p
r
o
g
r
a
mm
i
n
g
P
o
r
t
a
b
l
e
H
a
r
d
w
a
r
e
V
e
r
i
f
i
c
a
t
i
o
n
C
o
mp
o
n
e
n
t
s,
”
L
e
c
t
u
re
N
o
t
e
s
i
n
C
o
m
p
u
t
e
r
S
c
i
e
n
c
e
(
i
n
c
l
u
d
i
n
g
s
u
b
seri
e
s
L
e
c
t
u
re
N
o
t
e
s
i
n
Ar
t
i
f
i
c
i
a
l
I
n
t
e
l
l
i
g
e
n
c
e
a
n
d
L
e
c
t
u
re
N
o
t
e
s
i
n
Bi
o
i
n
f
o
rm
a
t
i
c
s)
,
v
o
l
.
1
2
2
2
4
,
p
p
.
4
0
3
–
4
1
4
,
2
0
2
0
,
d
o
i
:
1
0
.
1
0
0
7
/
9
7
8
-
3
-
0
3
0
-
5
3
2
8
8
-
8
_
1
9
.
[
5
]
R
.
L
e
p
i
g
r
e
,
M
.
S
a
m
ml
e
r
,
K
.
M
e
maria
n
,
R
.
K
r
e
b
b
e
r
s,
D
.
D
r
e
y
e
r
,
a
n
d
P
.
S
e
w
e
l
l
,
“
V
I
P
:
V
e
r
i
f
y
i
n
g
r
e
a
l
-
w
o
r
l
d
C
i
d
i
o
ms
w
i
t
h
i
n
t
e
g
e
r
-
p
o
i
n
t
e
r
c
a
s
t
s,
”
i
n
Pro
c
e
e
d
i
n
g
s
o
f
t
h
e
AC
M
o
n
Pro
g
r
a
m
m
i
n
g
L
a
n
g
u
a
g
e
s
,
2
0
2
2
,
p
p
.
1
–
32
,
d
o
i
:
1
0
.
1
1
4
5
/
3
4
9
8
6
8
1
.
[
6
]
V
.
C
.
B
h
a
sk
a
r
a
n
d
P
.
M
u
n
a
sw
a
my
,
“
A
n
Ef
f
i
c
i
e
n
t
R
e
c
o
n
f
i
g
u
r
a
b
l
e
A
r
c
h
i
t
e
c
t
u
r
e
f
o
r
S
o
f
t
w
a
r
e
D
e
f
i
n
e
d
R
a
d
i
o
,
”
C
h
i
n
e
se
J
o
u
r
n
a
l
o
f
Ep
i
d
e
m
i
o
l
o
g
y
,
v
o
l
.
E
1
0
6
D
,
n
o
.
9
,
p
p
.
1
5
1
9
–
1
5
2
7
,
2
0
2
3
,
d
o
i
:
1
0
.
1
5
8
7
/
t
r
a
n
si
n
f
.
2
0
2
2
ED
P
7
1
9
2
.
[
7
]
X
.
M
e
n
g
,
K
.
R
a
j
,
S
.
R
a
y
,
a
n
d
K
.
B
a
su
,
“
S
e
V
N
o
C
:
S
e
c
u
r
i
t
y
V
a
l
i
d
a
t
i
o
n
o
f
S
y
st
e
m
-
on
-
C
h
i
p
D
e
si
g
n
s
W
i
t
h
N
o
C
F
a
b
r
i
c
s
,
”
I
EEE
T
ra
n
s
a
c
t
i
o
n
s
o
n
C
o
m
p
u
t
e
r
-
A
i
d
e
d
D
e
si
g
n
o
f
I
n
t
e
g
r
a
t
e
d
C
i
r
c
u
i
t
s
a
n
d
S
y
st
e
m
s
,
v
o
l
.
4
2
,
n
o
.
2
,
p
p
.
6
7
2
–
6
8
2
,
2
0
2
3
,
d
o
i
:
1
0
.
1
1
0
9
/
T
C
A
D
.
2
0
2
2
.
3
1
7
9
3
0
7
.
[
8
]
L
.
W
.
K
i
m
a
n
d
J.
D
.
V
i
l
l
a
se
n
o
r
,
“
D
y
n
a
mi
c
F
u
n
c
t
i
o
n
V
e
r
i
f
i
c
a
t
i
o
n
f
o
r
S
y
st
e
m
o
n
C
h
i
p
S
e
c
u
r
i
t
y
A
g
a
i
n
st
H
a
r
d
w
a
r
e
-
B
a
se
d
A
t
t
a
c
k
s,
”
I
EE
E
T
r
a
n
s
a
c
t
i
o
n
s
o
n
Re
l
i
a
b
i
l
i
t
y
,
v
o
l
.
6
4
,
n
o
.
4
,
p
p
.
1
2
2
9
–
1
2
4
2
,
2
0
1
5
,
d
o
i
:
1
0
.
1
1
0
9
/
T
R
.
2
0
1
5
.
2
4
4
7
1
1
1
.
[
9
]
X
.
G
u
o
,
R
.
G
.
D
u
t
t
a
,
P
.
M
i
s
h
r
a
,
a
n
d
Y
.
Ji
n
,
“
A
u
t
o
mat
i
c
C
o
d
e
C
o
n
v
e
r
t
e
r
En
h
a
n
c
e
d
P
C
H
F
r
a
me
w
o
r
k
f
o
r
S
o
C
T
r
u
st
V
e
r
i
f
i
c
a
t
i
o
n
,
”
I
EEE
T
ra
n
s
a
c
t
i
o
n
s
o
n
Ve
r
y
L
a
r
g
e
S
c
a
l
e
I
n
t
e
g
r
a
t
i
o
n
(
VL
S
I
)
S
y
s
t
e
m
s
,
v
o
l
.
2
5
,
n
o
.
1
2
,
p
p
.
3
3
9
0
–
3
4
0
0
,
2
0
1
7
,
d
o
i
:
1
0
.
1
1
0
9
/
T
V
L
S
I
.
2
0
1
7
.
2
7
5
1
6
1
5
.
[
1
0
]
A
.
R
u
su
e
t
a
l
.
,
“
O
n
M
u
l
t
i
v
a
r
i
a
t
e
El
e
c
t
r
i
c
a
l
P
e
r
f
o
r
man
c
e
M
a
c
h
i
n
e
L
e
a
r
n
i
n
g
D
r
i
v
e
n
P
r
e
-
S
i
l
i
c
o
n
I
C
A
d
a
p
t
i
v
e
V
e
r
i
f
i
c
a
t
i
o
n
,
”
I
E
E
E
Ac
c
e
ss
,
v
o
l
.
1
2
,
p
p
.
1
3
6
4
3
6
–
1
3
6
4
5
0
,
2
0
2
4
,
d
o
i
:
1
0
.
1
1
0
9
/
A
C
C
ESS
.
2
0
2
4
.
3
4
6
3
3
9
3
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
t J
R
ec
o
n
f
i
g
u
r
ab
le
&
E
m
b
ed
d
ed
Sy
s
t
I
SS
N:
2089
-
4864
P
o
r
ta
b
le
ve
r
ifica
tio
n
I
P
:
A
UV
M
-
b
a
s
ed
a
p
p
r
o
a
ch
f
o
r
r
eu
s
a
b
le
ve
r
ifica
tio
n
…
(
Ha
r
in
a
g
a
r
ju
n
C
h
ip
p
a
g
i
)
85
[
1
1
]
M
.
C
h
r
i
st
a
k
i
s
e
t
a
l
.
,
“
A
u
t
o
mat
e
d
S
a
f
e
t
y
V
e
r
i
f
i
c
a
t
i
o
n
o
f
P
r
o
g
r
a
ms
I
n
v
o
k
i
n
g
N
e
u
r
a
l
N
e
t
w
o
r
k
s,”
L
e
c
t
u
r
e
N
o
t
e
s
i
n
C
o
m
p
u
t
e
r
S
c
i
e
n
c
e
(
i
n
c
l
u
d
i
n
g
s
u
b
ser
i
e
s L
e
c
t
u
r
e
N
o
t
e
s
i
n
Art
i
f
i
c
i
a
l
I
n
t
e
l
l
i
g
e
n
c
e
a
n
d
L
e
c
t
u
r
e
N
o
t
e
s i
n
B
i
o
i
n
f
o
rm
a
t
i
c
s)
,
v
o
l
.
1
2
7
5
9
L
N
C
S
,
p
p
.
2
0
1
–
2
2
4
,
2
0
2
1
,
d
o
i
:
1
0
.
1
0
0
7
/
9
7
8
-
3
-
0
3
0
-
8
1
6
8
5
-
8
_
9
.
[
1
2
]
S
.
G
r
u
e
t
t
e
r
,
V
.
F
u
k
a
l
a
,
a
n
d
A
.
C
h
l
i
p
a
l
a
,
“
L
i
v
e
V
e
r
i
f
i
c
a
t
i
o
n
i
n
a
n
I
n
t
e
r
a
c
t
i
v
e
P
r
o
o
f
A
ssi
st
a
n
t
,
”
i
n
Pro
c
e
e
d
i
n
g
s
o
f
t
h
e
A
C
M
o
n
Pro
g
ra
m
m
i
n
g
L
a
n
g
u
a
g
e
s
,
2
0
2
4
,
d
o
i
:
1
0
.
1
1
4
5
/
3
6
5
6
4
3
9
.
[
1
3
]
S
.
F
o
st
e
r
,
C
.
K
.
H
u
r
,
a
n
d
J.
W
o
o
d
c
o
c
k
,
“
U
n
i
f
y
i
n
g
M
o
d
e
l
Ex
e
c
u
t
i
o
n
a
n
d
D
e
d
u
c
t
i
v
e
V
e
r
i
f
i
c
a
t
i
o
n
w
i
t
h
I
n
t
e
r
a
c
t
i
o
n
T
r
e
e
s
i
n
I
sab
e
l
l
e
/
H
O
L
,
”
AC
M
T
ra
n
s
a
c
t
i
o
n
s
o
n
S
o
f
t
w
a
r
e
En
g
i
n
e
e
r
i
n
g
a
n
d
M
e
t
h
o
d
o
l
o
g
y
,
v
o
l
.
3
4
,
n
o
.
4
,
p
p
.
1
–
4
0
,
2
0
2
5
,
d
o
i
:
1
0
.
1
1
4
5
/
3
7
0
2
9
8
1
.
[
1
4
]
I
EEE
C
o
mp
u
t
e
r
S
o
c
i
e
t
y
,
“
I
EEE
S
t
a
n
d
a
r
d
f
o
r
U
n
i
v
e
r
sal
V
e
r
i
f
i
c
a
t
i
o
n
M
e
t
h
o
d
o
l
o
g
y
L
a
n
g
u
a
g
e
R
e
f
e
r
e
n
c
e
M
a
n
u
a
l
,
”
J
u
n
.
0
4
,
2
0
2
0
,
I
EEE,
Pi
sc
a
t
a
w
a
y
,
N
J
,
U
S
A
:
1
8
0
0
.
2
-
2
0
1
7
.
d
o
i
:
1
0
.
1
1
0
9
/
I
EEEST
D
.
2
0
2
0
.
9
1
9
5
9
2
0
.
[
1
5
]
I
EEE
C
o
mp
u
t
e
r
S
o
c
i
e
t
y
,
“
I
EEE
S
t
a
n
d
a
r
d
f
o
r
S
y
st
e
mV
e
r
i
l
o
g
-
U
n
i
f
i
e
d
H
a
r
d
w
a
r
e
D
e
si
g
n
,
S
p
e
c
i
f
i
c
a
t
i
o
n
,
a
n
d
V
e
r
i
f
i
c
a
t
i
o
n
L
a
n
g
u
a
g
e
,
”
D
e
c
.
0
6
,
2
0
1
8
,
I
EEE
,
P
i
s
c
a
t
a
w
a
y
,
N
J
,
U
S
A
:
1
8
0
0
–
2
0
1
2
,
d
o
i
:
1
0
.
1
1
0
9
/
I
EEEST
D
.
2
0
1
8
.
8
2
9
9
5
9
5
.
[
1
6
]
A
c
c
e
l
l
e
r
a
S
y
st
e
ms
I
n
i
t
i
a
t
i
v
e
,
“
P
o
r
t
a
b
l
e
S
t
i
m
u
l
u
s
S
p
e
c
i
f
i
c
a
t
i
o
n
V
e
r
si
o
n
2
.
1
,
”
a
c
c
e
l
l
e
r
a
.
o
r
g
.
[
O
n
l
i
n
e
]
.
A
v
a
i
l
a
b
l
e
:
h
t
t
p
s:
/
/
w
w
w
.
a
c
c
e
l
l
e
r
a
.
o
r
g
/
d
o
w
n
l
o
a
d
s/
st
a
n
d
a
r
d
s
/
p
o
r
t
a
b
l
e
-
st
i
m
u
l
u
s
.
[
1
7
]
I
EE
S
t
a
n
d
a
r
d
s
C
o
mm
i
t
t
e
e
,
“
I
EEE
S
t
a
n
d
a
r
d
S
y
st
e
mC
®
L
a
n
g
u
a
g
e
R
e
f
e
r
e
n
c
e
M
a
n
u
a
l
,
”
I
EEE
1
6
6
6
-
2
0
2
3
/
C
o
r
1
-
2
0
2
5
,
p
p
.
1
6
6
6
–
2
0
0
5
,
2
0
2
4
,
d
o
i
:
1
0
.
1
1
0
9
/
I
EEEST
D
.
2
0
2
4
.
1
0
4
4
5
8
7
7
.
[
1
8
]
"
I
EEE
S
t
a
n
d
a
r
d
f
o
r
P
r
o
p
e
r
t
y
S
p
e
c
i
f
i
c
a
t
i
o
n
L
a
n
g
u
a
g
e
(
P
S
L
)
,
"
i
n
I
EE
E
S
t
d
1
8
5
0
-
2
0
1
0
(
R
e
v
i
si
o
n
o
f
I
EE
E
S
t
d
1
8
5
0
-
2
0
0
5
)
,
p
p
.
1
-
1
8
2
,
A
p
r
.
2
0
1
0
,
d
o
i
:
1
0
.
1
1
0
9
/
I
EEESTD
.
2
0
1
0
.
5
4
4
6
0
0
4
.
[
1
9
]
S
.
D
a
s
,
S
.
S
a
n
y
a
l
,
A
.
H
a
z
r
a
,
a
n
d
P
.
D
a
sg
u
p
t
a
,
“
C
o
V
e
r
P
l
a
n
:
A
C
o
m
p
r
e
h
e
n
s
i
v
e
V
e
r
i
f
i
c
a
t
i
o
n
P
l
a
n
n
i
n
g
F
r
a
mew
o
r
k
L
e
v
e
r
a
g
i
n
g
P
S
S
S
p
e
c
i
f
i
c
a
t
i
o
n
s
,
”
A
C
M
T
r
a
n
s
a
c
t
i
o
n
s
o
n
D
e
s
i
g
n
A
u
t
o
m
a
t
i
o
n
o
f
E
l
e
c
t
r
o
n
i
c
S
y
st
e
m
s
,
v
o
l
.
2
8
,
n
o
.
1
,
p
p
.
1
–
2
6
,
2
0
2
2
,
d
o
i
:
1
0
.
1
1
4
5
/
3
5
4
3
1
7
5
.
[
2
0
]
J.
N
a
g
a
r
,
T
.
D
w
o
r
z
a
k
,
S
.
S
i
mo
n
,
U
.
H
e
i
n
k
e
l
,
a
n
d
D
.
L
e
t
t
n
i
n
,
“
Ex
p
l
o
r
i
n
g
t
h
e
R
o
l
e
o
f
t
h
e
P
o
r
t
a
b
l
e
S
t
i
mu
l
u
s
S
t
a
n
d
a
r
d
i
n
En
h
a
n
c
i
n
g
S
e
c
u
r
i
t
y
P
r
o
p
e
r
t
y
V
e
r
i
f
i
c
a
t
i
o
n
,
”
i
n
I
EEE/
I
FI
P
I
n
t
e
rn
a
t
i
o
n
a
l
C
o
n
f
e
re
n
c
e
o
n
VL
S
I
a
n
d
S
y
st
e
m
-
on
-
C
h
i
p
,
VL
S
I
-
S
o
C
,
T
a
n
g
e
r
,
M
o
r
o
c
c
o
,
2
0
2
4
,
p
p
.
1
-
4,
d
o
i
:
1
0
.
1
1
0
9
/
V
L
S
I
-
S
o
C
6
2
0
9
9
.
2
0
2
4
.
1
0
7
6
7
8
3
0
.
[
2
1
]
A
.
D
a
r
g
a
r
,
M
.
L
o
k
e
sh
N
a
i
d
u
,
S
.
K
a
r
t
h
i
k
,
D
.
V
a
msi
K
r
i
sh
n
a
,
a
n
d
K
.
V
e
n
k
a
t
e
sh
,
“
D
e
v
e
l
o
p
me
n
t
o
f
S
e
r
i
a
l
D
r
i
v
e
r
V
e
r
i
f
i
c
a
t
i
o
n
En
v
i
r
o
n
me
n
t
M
o
d
u
l
e
U
si
n
g
U
V
M
M
e
t
h
o
d
,
”
i
n
Pr
o
c
e
e
d
i
n
g
s
-
2
0
2
4
5
t
h
I
n
t
e
r
n
a
t
i
o
n
a
l
C
o
n
f
e
r
e
n
c
e
o
n
I
n
t
e
l
l
i
g
e
n
t
C
o
m
m
u
n
i
c
a
t
i
o
n
T
e
c
h
n
o
l
o
g
i
e
s
a
n
d
V
i
rt
u
a
l
M
o
b
i
l
e
N
e
t
w
o
r
k
s,
I
C
I
C
V
2
0
2
4
,
2
0
2
4
,
p
p
.
5
3
5
–
5
4
0
,
d
o
i
:
1
0
.
1
1
0
9
/
I
C
I
C
V
6
2
3
4
4
.
2
0
2
4
.
0
0
0
9
0
.
[
2
2
]
X
.
W
a
n
g
,
H
.
R
u
a
n
,
a
n
d
L
.
Z
o
u
,
“
Ex
p
l
o
r
a
t
i
o
n
o
f
U
si
n
g
D
i
r
e
c
t
P
r
o
g
r
a
mm
i
n
g
I
n
t
e
r
f
a
c
e
t
o
I
mp
r
o
v
e
t
h
e
R
e
u
sab
i
l
i
t
y
o
f
V
e
r
i
f
i
c
a
t
i
o
n
I
P
,
”
i
n
2
0
2
2
7
t
h
I
n
t
e
r
n
a
t
i
o
n
a
l
C
o
n
f
e
re
n
c
e
o
n
I
n
t
e
g
ra
t
e
d
C
i
rc
u
i
t
s
a
n
d
Mi
c
r
o
s
y
st
e
m
s
,
I
C
I
C
M
2
0
2
2
,
2
0
2
2
,
p
p
.
4
3
6
–
4
4
0
,
d
o
i
:
1
0
.
1
1
0
9
/
I
C
I
C
M
5
6
1
0
2
.
2
0
2
2
.
1
0
0
1
1
3
1
5.
[
2
3
]
V
.
M
e
l
i
k
y
a
n
,
S
.
H
a
r
u
t
y
u
n
y
a
n
,
A
.
K
i
r
a
k
o
sy
a
n
,
a
n
d
T
.
K
a
p
l
a
n
y
a
n
,
“
U
V
M
V
e
r
i
f
i
c
a
t
i
o
n
I
P
f
o
r
A
X
I
,
”
i
n
2
0
2
1
I
EE
E
E
a
st
-
W
e
st
D
e
si
g
n
a
n
d
T
e
st
S
y
m
p
o
s
i
u
m
,
EW
D
T
S
2
0
2
1
-
Pr
o
c
e
e
d
i
n
g
s
,
B
a
t
u
m
i
,
G
e
o
r
g
i
a
,
2
0
2
1
,
p
p
.
1
-
4,
d
o
i
:
1
0
.
1
1
0
9
/
EW
D
T
S
5
2
6
9
2
.
2
0
2
1
.
9
5
8
0
9
9
7
.
[
2
4
]
N
.
B
h
u
v
a
n
e
sw
a
r
y
,
M
.
Jasw
a
n
t
h
,
M
.
E
sw
a
r
,
R
.
R
a
j
a
mo
u
l
i
,
a
n
d
G
.
V
.
D
.
R
e
d
d
y
,
“
F
i
v
e
S
t
a
g
e
P
i
p
e
l
i
n
e
d
M
i
p
s Pr
o
c
e
sso
r
V
e
r
i
f
i
c
a
t
i
o
n
S
e
q
u
e
n
c
e
M
o
d
u
l
e
U
si
n
g
U
v
m,”
i
n
2
0
2
3
I
n
t
e
r
n
a
t
i
o
n
a
l
C
o
n
f
e
r
e
n
c
e
o
n
R
e
c
e
n
t
A
d
v
a
n
c
e
s
i
n
E
l
e
c
t
r
i
c
a
l
,
E
l
e
c
t
r
o
n
i
c
s
,
U
b
i
q
u
i
t
o
u
s
C
o
m
m
u
n
i
c
a
t
i
o
n
,
a
n
d
C
o
m
p
u
t
a
t
i
o
n
a
l
I
n
t
e
l
l
i
g
e
n
c
e
,
RAEE
U
C
C
I
2
0
2
3
,
C
h
e
n
n
a
i
,
I
n
d
i
a
,
2
0
2
3
,
p
p
.
1
-
6
,
d
o
i
:
1
0
.
1
1
0
9
/
R
A
EEU
C
C
I
5
7
1
4
0
.
2
0
2
3
.
1
0
1
3
4
4
0
5
.
[
2
5
]
M
.
D
h
a
r
a
n
i
,
M
.
B
h
a
r
a
t
h
i
,
B
.
M
.
R
a
j
e
s
w
a
r
i
,
A
.
M
.
Y
a
d
a
v
,
D
.
N
i
r
a
n
j
a
n
,
a
n
d
A
.
C
.
D
.
R
e
d
d
y
,
“
D
e
si
g
n
a
n
d
V
e
r
i
f
i
c
a
t
i
o
n
o
f
a
n
A
d
d
e
r
-
S
u
b
t
r
a
c
t
o
r
U
s
i
n
g
U
V
M
M
e
t
h
o
d
o
l
o
g
y
,
”
i
n
Pr
o
c
e
e
d
i
n
g
s
-
2
0
2
3
1
2
t
h
I
E
EE
I
n
t
e
r
n
a
t
i
o
n
a
l
C
o
n
f
e
r
e
n
c
e
o
n
C
o
m
m
u
n
i
c
a
t
i
o
n
S
y
s
t
e
m
s
a
n
d
N
e
t
w
o
r
k
T
e
c
h
n
o
l
o
g
i
e
s
,
C
S
N
T
2
0
2
3
,
2
0
2
3
,
p
p
.
2
6
–
30
,
d
o
i
:
1
0
.
1
1
0
9
/
C
S
N
T
5
7
1
2
6
.
2
0
2
3
.
1
0
1
3
4
6
4
2
.
B
I
O
G
RAP
H
I
E
S O
F
AUTH
O
RS
H
a
r
i
n
a
g
a
r
j
u
n
C
h
ip
p
a
g
i
is a
se
n
io
r
d
e
sig
n
v
e
rif
ic
a
ti
o
n
lea
d
w
it
h
o
v
e
r
1
5
y
e
a
rs o
f
e
x
p
e
rien
c
e
in
V
L
S
I
d
e
sig
n
v
e
ri
f
ica
ti
o
n
.
He
is
c
u
rre
n
t
ly
p
u
rsu
i
n
g
h
is
P
h
.
D
.
i
n
Dig
it
a
l
IC
De
sig
n
a
n
d
V
e
rif
ica
ti
o
n
M
e
th
o
d
o
lo
g
ies
a
t
JN
T
U
A
n
a
n
tap
u
r,
f
o
c
u
sin
g
o
n
re
u
sa
b
le
UV
M
-
b
a
se
d
S
o
C
v
e
rif
ica
ti
o
n
.
His
e
x
p
e
rti
se
in
c
lu
d
e
s
S
y
ste
m
V
e
ril
o
g
,
U
V
M
,
F
P
G
A
/
A
S
IC
v
e
ri
f
ica
ti
o
n
,
a
n
d
S
o
C
e
m
u
latio
n
u
si
n
g
M
e
n
to
r
V
e
l
o
c
e
.
He
h
a
s
w
o
rk
e
d
o
n
I
P
a
n
d
S
o
C
v
e
ri
f
ica
ti
o
n
p
ro
jec
ts
in
v
o
lv
in
g
m
icro
c
o
n
tro
ll
e
rs
a
n
d
n
e
tw
o
rk
-
on
-
c
h
ip
(N
o
C)
sy
ste
m
s.
His
re
se
a
rc
h
in
tere
sts
in
c
lu
d
e
h
a
rd
w
a
re
-
so
f
t
w
a
re
c
o
-
v
e
ri
f
ica
ti
o
n
,
ra
p
i
d
p
ro
t
o
ty
p
in
g
,
a
n
d
a
d
v
a
n
c
e
d
v
e
ri
f
ica
ti
o
n
m
e
th
o
d
o
l
o
g
ies
.
He
c
a
n
b
e
c
o
n
tac
ted
a
t
e
m
a
il
:
a
rju
n
p
a
rt
h
a
9
9
@g
m
a
il
.
c
o
m
or
h
a
rin
a
g
a
rju
n
.
c
h
ip
p
a
g
i@iee
e
.
o
r
g
.
Dr
.
V
a
n
g
a
l
a
S
u
m
a
la
t
h
a
is
a
P
ro
f
e
ss
o
r
o
f
El
e
c
tro
n
ics
a
n
d
Co
m
m
u
n
ica
ti
o
n
En
g
in
e
e
rin
g
(ECE
)
a
t
JN
T
U
Co
l
leg
e
o
f
En
g
in
e
e
rin
g
,
A
n
a
n
tap
u
r
,
A
n
d
h
ra
P
ra
d
e
sh
,
I
n
d
ia.
S
h
e
h
o
l
d
s
a
P
h
.
D.
i
n
W
irele
ss
Ne
two
rk
s
f
ro
m
JN
T
U
A
a
n
d
h
a
s
o
v
e
r
2
5
y
e
a
rs
o
f
a
c
a
d
e
m
i
c
a
n
d
a
d
m
in
istrativ
e
e
x
p
e
rien
c
e
.
S
h
e
h
a
s
s
e
rv
e
d
in
k
e
y
lea
d
e
rsh
ip
r
o
les
,
i
n
c
lu
d
in
g
Dire
c
to
r
o
f
A
c
a
d
e
m
ic
a
n
d
P
la
n
n
i
n
g
,
Dire
c
to
r
o
f
In
d
u
strial
Re
latio
n
s
a
n
d
P
lac
e
m
e
n
ts,
He
a
d
o
f
ECE
De
p
a
rtme
n
t,
A
c
a
d
e
m
ic
a
n
d
P
lan
n
in
g
Co
o
rd
i
n
a
to
r
,
a
n
d
T
ra
in
in
g
a
n
d
P
lac
e
m
e
n
t
Of
f
ice
r
.
He
r
e
x
p
e
rti
se
in
c
lu
d
e
s
w
irele
s
s
n
e
tw
o
rk
s,
d
ig
it
a
l
sy
ste
m
s,
a
n
d
c
o
m
p
u
ter
e
lec
tro
n
ics
.
Sh
e
c
a
n
b
e
c
o
n
tac
ted
a
t
e
m
a
il
:
su
m
a
a
tp
@
y
a
h
o
o
.
c
o
m
or
v
su
m
a
lath
a
.
e
c
e
@jn
tu
a
.
a
c
.
in
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.