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T
h
e
d
eg
r
ee
o
f
s
y
s
tem
s
tab
ilit
y
was u
tili
ze
d
as
a
cr
iter
io
n
f
o
r
th
e
e
f
f
icien
cy
a
s
s
es
s
m
en
t.
T
h
e
n
o
v
elty
o
f
t
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
m
eth
o
d
f
o
r
co
o
r
d
in
ated
ad
ju
s
t
m
en
t
o
f
th
e
AVR
an
d
SAR
o
f
g
en
er
at
o
r
s
lies
in
a
two
-
s
tag
e
d
eter
m
in
atio
n
o
f
th
e
r
eg
u
lato
r
s
ettin
g
s
:
First,
th
e
AVR
s
ettin
g
s
o
f
all
g
en
e
r
ato
r
s
ar
e
d
eter
m
in
ed
co
m
p
r
eh
e
n
s
iv
ely
.
T
h
en
,
th
e
AVR
an
d
SAR
s
ettin
g
s
o
f
th
ese
g
en
er
ato
r
s
ar
e
d
eter
m
in
ed
co
m
p
r
eh
e
n
s
iv
ely
,
tak
in
g
in
to
ac
co
u
n
t th
e
SAR
s
ettin
g
s
d
eter
m
in
ed
in
t
h
e
f
ir
s
t stag
e.
2.
ST
A
T
E
-
OF
-
ART O
F
R
E
S
E
ARCH
T
h
e
u
s
e
o
f
th
e
D
-
p
ar
titi
o
n
m
eth
o
d
to
id
en
tif
y
AVR
s
ett
in
g
s
in
co
m
p
lex
m
u
lti
-
m
ac
h
i
n
e
E
PS
s
i
s
lim
ited
[
7
]
.
T
h
er
ef
o
r
e,
th
e
D
-
p
ar
titi
o
n
-
b
ased
alg
o
r
ith
m
s
wer
e
im
p
r
o
v
e
d
th
r
o
u
g
h
th
e
o
p
ti
m
izatio
n
o
f
s
ettin
g
s
.
Fu
r
th
er
d
ev
elo
p
m
en
t
o
f
f
r
eq
u
en
cy
m
eth
o
d
s
led
to
th
e
d
ev
e
lo
p
m
en
t
o
f
ad
ap
tiv
e
tu
n
in
g
alg
o
r
ith
m
s
b
ased
o
n
ex
p
er
im
en
tal
d
ata
[
8
]
.
T
h
e
s
e
q
u
en
tial
tu
n
i
n
g
m
et
h
o
d
cr
ea
te
d
b
y
A.
A.
Y
u
r
g
an
o
v
an
d
V.
A.
Ko
zh
ev
n
ik
o
v
h
as
g
ain
ed
s
ig
n
if
ican
t
p
o
p
u
lar
ity
i
n
p
r
ac
tical
ap
p
licatio
n
s
.
I
t
s
u
g
g
ests
r
ep
lacin
g
th
e
e
x
ter
n
al
n
e
two
r
k
o
f
th
e
p
o
wer
p
lan
t
u
n
d
er
s
tu
d
y
with
an
eq
u
iv
alen
t
cir
c
u
it
"lin
e
–
in
f
in
it
e
b
u
s
es"
[
9
]
.
Ger
asimo
v
et
a
l.
[
1
0
]
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
a
s
eq
u
en
tial tu
n
in
g
m
eth
o
d
b
ase
d
o
n
th
e
in
teg
r
al
c
r
iter
io
n
o
f
to
tal
en
er
g
y
.
T
h
e
m
u
lti
-
p
ar
am
ete
r
o
p
tim
iza
tio
n
m
eth
o
d
s
f
o
r
s
ea
r
ch
in
g
f
o
r
AVR
s
et
tin
g
s
ar
e
co
n
s
id
er
ed
in
[
1
1
]
.
T
h
e
s
tu
d
y
in
v
o
lv
es
co
m
p
ar
in
g
v
ar
i
o
u
s
o
p
tim
izatio
n
al
g
o
r
i
th
m
s
(
s
im
p
lex
,
g
en
etic,
an
d
o
th
er
s
)
,
as
well
as
o
b
jectiv
e
f
u
n
ctio
n
s
b
ased
o
n
r
o
o
t
an
d
f
r
e
q
u
en
c
y
c
r
iter
ia
f
o
r
ass
ess
in
g
th
e
co
n
t
r
o
l
p
r
o
ce
s
s
.
I
n
[
1
2
]
,
a
m
icr
o
co
n
tr
o
ller
u
tili
zin
g
an
alg
o
r
ith
m
r
ely
i
n
g
o
n
th
e
g
e
n
er
a
lized
p
r
ed
ictiv
e
co
n
tr
o
l
s
tr
ateg
y
is
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
f
o
r
th
e
AVR
p
r
o
b
lem
.
I
n
a
p
r
e
v
ie
w
s
tu
d
y
[
1
3
]
,
th
e
E
lm
an
ar
tifi
cial
n
eu
r
al
n
etwo
r
k
is
u
s
ed
to
ca
lcu
late
th
e
AVR
tu
n
in
g
p
ar
a
m
eter
s
,
wh
ich
allo
ws
cr
ea
tin
g
an
ad
ap
tiv
e
r
eg
u
l
ato
r
.
I
n
[
1
3
]
,
a
n
eu
r
al
r
eg
u
lat
o
r
is
co
n
s
tr
u
cted
f
o
r
th
e
ex
citatio
n
s
y
s
tem
o
f
a
s
y
n
ch
r
o
n
o
u
s
g
en
er
ato
r
b
ased
o
n
th
e
im
itatin
g
n
eu
r
al
co
n
tr
o
l
m
eth
o
d
.
T
h
is
s
ig
n
if
ican
tly
im
p
r
o
v
e
d
th
e
q
u
a
lity
o
f
th
e
v
o
ltag
e
tr
an
s
ien
t p
r
o
ce
s
s
in
th
e
"sy
n
ch
r
o
n
o
u
s
g
en
er
ato
r
-
s
tatic
lo
ad
"
s
y
s
tem
an
d
en
a
b
led
au
to
m
a
tio
n
o
f
th
e
AVR
s
y
n
th
esis
an
d
tu
n
in
g
p
r
o
ce
s
s
es
u
s
in
g
n
eu
r
al
n
etwo
r
k
tech
n
o
lo
g
ies.
T
h
e
AVR
b
ased
o
n
f
u
zz
y
lo
g
ic
(
FL
AVR)
is
d
ev
elo
p
ed
with
in
th
e
s
tu
d
y
.
T
e
s
ts
o
n
p
h
y
s
ical
[
1
4
]
an
d
m
ath
em
atica
l
[
1
5
]
m
o
d
el
s
s
h
o
w
b
etter
d
am
p
in
g
o
f
o
s
cillatio
n
s
in
E
PS
u
s
in
g
FL
A
VR
.
A
m
eth
o
d
f
o
r
d
esig
n
in
g
a
s
elf
-
o
r
g
a
n
izin
g
ex
citatio
n
s
y
s
tem
with
f
u
zz
y
lo
g
ic,
wh
ich
co
m
b
in
es
th
e
f
u
n
cti
o
n
s
o
f
AVR
an
d
a
s
y
s
tem
s
tab
ilizer
,
i
s
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
in
[
1
6
]
.
A
n
ew
o
n
lin
e
lear
n
i
n
g
alg
o
r
ith
m
th
at
m
o
d
if
ies
th
e
f
u
zz
y
r
u
le
b
ase
is
d
ev
elo
p
e
d
.
A
m
eth
o
d
f
o
r
o
p
t
im
izin
g
an
E
PS
s
tab
ilizer
b
a
s
ed
o
n
r
o
b
u
s
t
co
n
tr
o
l
tech
n
o
l
o
g
y
is
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
in
[
1
5
]
.
T
h
e
co
m
p
a
r
is
o
n
o
f
a
ty
p
i
ca
l p
o
wer
s
y
s
tem
s
tab
ilizer
an
d
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
r
o
b
u
s
t stab
ilize
r
is
p
r
esen
ted
.
T
h
e
s
im
u
latio
n
r
esu
lts
s
h
o
w
th
e
e
f
f
icien
cy
o
f
th
e
latter
d
u
e
to
im
p
r
o
v
e
d
p
e
r
f
o
r
m
an
ce
a
n
d
r
e
liab
ilit
y
.
Ad
ap
tiv
e
ex
citatio
n
r
eg
u
lato
r
s
ar
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
in
[
1
7
]
-
[
2
2
]
.
T
h
e
s
tu
d
ies
o
n
th
eir
ap
p
licatio
n
d
em
o
n
s
tr
ated
th
eir
h
ig
h
ef
f
icien
cy
wh
e
n
th
e
E
PS
o
p
e
r
atin
g
co
n
d
itio
n
s
ch
an
g
e
.
R
o
b
u
s
t
co
n
tr
o
l
m
eth
o
d
s
ar
e
u
s
ed
to
tu
n
e
au
to
m
atic
s
p
ee
d
c
o
n
tr
o
l
[
2
3
]
.
T
h
is
s
tu
d
y
c
o
n
s
id
er
s
o
n
ly
t
h
e
ch
an
n
el
o
f
ac
tio
n
o
n
th
e
tu
r
b
i
n
e.
Ho
wev
er
,
th
e
u
s
e
o
f
c
o
m
b
in
ed
f
r
e
q
u
en
c
y
an
d
ex
citatio
n
co
n
tr
o
l
im
p
r
o
v
es
th
e
d
y
n
am
ic
p
r
o
p
er
ties
o
f
th
e
E
PS
.
T
h
e
u
s
e
o
f
th
e
H
m
eth
o
d
f
o
r
o
p
tim
al
co
n
tr
o
l
ai
m
ed
at
b
o
o
s
tin
g
t
h
e
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
o
f
s
y
n
c
h
r
o
n
o
u
s
t
u
r
b
o
g
en
er
ato
r
s
is
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
in
[
2
4
]
.
T
h
e
a
p
p
r
o
ac
h
in
v
o
lv
es
u
s
in
g
a
co
n
tr
o
ller
i
n
ad
d
itio
n
to
th
e
AVR
an
d
ASC
s
y
s
tem
s
,
wh
ich
ar
e
in
s
ta
lled
as
s
tan
d
ar
d
eq
u
ip
m
en
t
at
th
e
m
ajo
r
ity
o
f
tu
r
b
o
g
e
n
er
ato
r
u
n
its
.
Ad
d
itio
n
al
co
n
tr
o
l
o
f
a
d
ec
en
tr
alize
d
r
o
b
u
s
t
g
o
v
er
n
o
r
is
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
in
[
2
5
]
.
I
t
is
b
ased
o
n
th
e
r
o
b
u
s
t
co
n
tr
o
l
th
eo
r
y
.
T
h
e
s
im
u
latio
n
test
r
esu
lts
s
h
o
w
th
at
th
e
s
tab
ilit
y
is
im
p
r
o
v
ed
b
y
lim
itin
g
th
e
in
ter
f
er
en
ce
.
A
d
is
tr
ib
u
te
d
m
o
d
el
p
r
e
d
ictiv
e
co
n
tr
o
ller
f
o
r
a
tu
r
b
o
g
e
n
er
ato
r
is
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
in
[
2
6
]
.
I
ts
p
ar
a
m
eter
s
ar
e
d
eter
m
in
ed
u
s
in
g
th
e
m
o
d
els
id
en
tifie
d
i
n
r
ea
l
tim
e.
T
h
e
f
in
d
i
n
g
s
o
f
t
h
e
r
esear
c
h
r
ev
ea
l
th
at
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
f
ac
ilit
ates
d
am
p
in
g
f
r
eq
u
en
c
y
an
d
v
o
ltag
e
o
s
cil
latio
n
s
with
s
ati
s
f
ac
to
r
y
q
u
al
ity
co
m
p
ar
ed
t
o
a
ty
p
ical
co
n
tr
o
l
s
tr
u
ctu
r
e
with
PID
co
n
tr
o
ller
s
.
An
in
d
ir
ec
t
s
p
ee
d
co
n
tr
o
l
m
eth
o
d
b
ased
o
n
a
m
icr
o
p
r
o
ce
s
s
o
r
s
y
s
tem
is
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
in
[
2
7
]
f
o
r
a
tu
r
b
o
g
e
n
er
ato
r
co
n
n
ec
ted
t
o
th
e
elec
tr
ical
g
r
id
th
r
o
u
g
h
a
d
ir
ec
t
cu
r
r
en
t
lin
k
(
DC
lin
k
)
u
s
in
g
a
d
io
d
e
r
ec
tifie
r
.
T
h
is
r
esu
lted
in
a
n
o
n
-
s
in
u
s
o
id
al
s
h
ap
e
o
f
th
e
th
r
ee
-
p
h
ase
v
o
ltag
e
at
th
e
g
en
er
ato
r
ter
m
in
als
a
n
d
le
d
to
a
s
ig
n
if
ican
t
er
r
o
r
i
n
th
e
s
p
ee
d
esti
m
ate
with
r
esp
ec
t
to
v
o
lt
ag
e.
T
h
e
r
ef
o
r
e,
th
e
s
tu
d
y
[
2
8
]
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
an
i
n
d
ir
e
ct
m
eth
o
d
f
o
r
c
o
n
tr
o
llin
g
th
is
p
ar
am
eter
,
in
a
d
d
itio
n
to
th
e
g
en
er
al
tu
n
i
n
g
o
f
th
e
au
to
m
atic
s
p
ee
d
co
n
tr
o
l
s
y
s
tem
.
T
h
is
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
r
elies
o
n
th
e
d
ig
ital
p
h
ase
-
lo
ck
e
d
lo
o
p
m
eth
o
d
with
a
s
tate
o
b
s
er
v
er
to
d
etec
t
th
e
p
o
s
itiv
e
-
s
eq
u
en
ce
v
o
ltag
e.
T
h
e
d
ev
el
o
p
m
en
t
o
f
m
et
h
o
d
s
f
o
r
tu
n
in
g
an
d
im
p
lem
en
tin
g
th
e
au
to
m
atic
s
p
ee
d
co
n
tr
o
l
h
as
p
av
ed
th
e
way
to
th
e
d
ev
elo
p
m
en
t
o
f
n
eu
r
o
-
f
u
zz
y
s
y
s
tem
s
[
2
9
]
-
[
3
2
]
.
I
n
[
2
9
]
,
an
ad
a
p
tiv
e
n
e
u
r
o
-
f
u
zz
y
in
f
e
r
en
ce
s
y
s
tem
(
ANFI
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is
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
t
o
im
p
le
m
en
t
a
n
eu
r
o
-
f
u
zz
y
ASC
.
T
h
e
au
th
o
r
s
n
o
te
th
at
th
e
d
y
n
am
ic
m
o
d
el
o
b
tain
e
d
u
s
in
g
ANFI
S
co
r
r
ec
tly
d
escr
ib
es
th
e
b
eh
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o
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Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
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8
6
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4
E
n
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e
d
yn
a
mic
s
ta
b
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o
f e
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r
o
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g
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th
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a
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…
(
Hri
s
to
B
elo
ev
)
213
s
tab
ilize
its
o
p
er
atin
g
p
o
in
t
u
n
d
er
a
n
y
d
is
tu
r
b
an
ce
s
.
A
tu
r
b
o
g
e
n
er
ato
r
c
o
n
tr
o
ller
b
ased
o
n
f
u
zz
y
lo
g
ic
is
p
r
esen
ted
in
[
3
0
]
.
I
t
h
el
p
s
th
e
v
o
ltag
e
an
d
f
r
eq
u
e
n
cy
q
u
ic
k
ly
an
d
ac
cu
r
ately
r
ea
ch
th
e
d
esire
d
v
alu
es.
T
o
im
p
r
o
v
e
th
e
r
e
g
u
lato
r
y
ca
p
ab
ilit
y
o
f
tu
r
b
o
g
e
n
er
ato
r
u
n
its
u
n
d
er
v
ar
io
u
s
o
p
er
atin
g
co
n
d
itio
n
s
,
a
s
tr
ateg
y
f
o
r
co
n
tr
o
llin
g
t
h
e
u
n
it'
s
o
p
er
at
in
g
co
n
d
itio
n
s
b
ased
o
n
a
f
u
zz
y
PID
co
n
tr
o
ller
u
s
in
g
a
p
ar
ticle
s
war
m
o
p
tim
izatio
n
alg
o
r
ith
m
is
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
in
[
3
1
]
to
im
p
r
o
v
e
th
e
d
y
n
am
ic
r
esp
o
n
s
e.
T
h
e
PID
p
ar
am
eter
s
ca
n
b
e
ad
ap
ted
in
r
ea
l tim
e.
T
h
e
s
tu
d
y
[
3
2
]
p
r
o
p
o
s
es a
s
elf
-
tu
n
in
g
f
u
zz
y
PI
co
n
tr
o
ller
to
r
e
g
u
late
th
e
f
r
eq
u
e
n
cy
u
n
d
er
lar
g
e
lo
ad
f
lu
ctu
atio
n
s
o
f
an
is
lan
d
ed
s
y
n
c
h
r
o
n
o
u
s
g
e
n
er
ato
r
o
f
a
m
icr
o
-
h
y
d
r
o
elec
tr
ic
p
o
we
r
p
lan
t.
T
h
u
s
,
th
e
ex
am
i
n
atio
n
o
f
th
e
AVR
an
d
ASC
tu
n
in
g
m
eth
o
d
s
an
d
tech
n
o
lo
g
ies
h
as
r
ev
ea
l
ed
th
at
th
e
u
s
e
o
f
in
tellig
en
t
tec
h
n
o
lo
g
ies
an
d
ad
a
p
tiv
e
alg
o
r
ith
m
s
f
o
r
r
eg
u
latin
g
v
o
ltag
e
an
d
f
r
eq
u
e
n
cy
in
s
y
n
ch
r
o
n
o
u
s
g
en
er
ato
r
s
h
o
ld
s
s
ig
n
if
ican
t
p
r
o
m
is
e.
T
h
is
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
will
f
ac
ilit
ate
im
p
lem
en
tin
g
s
elf
-
a
d
ju
s
tin
g
AVR
an
d
ASC
.
Fu
r
th
er
m
o
r
e,
th
e
n
ee
d
t
o
u
s
e
co
o
r
d
in
ated
c
o
n
tr
o
l
o
f
v
o
ltag
e
an
d
f
r
eq
u
en
cy
b
ec
o
m
es
esp
ec
ially
ev
id
en
t
u
n
d
er
p
ea
k
a
n
d
e
m
er
g
e
n
cy
co
n
d
itio
n
s
.
T
h
er
ef
o
r
e,
th
e
m
eth
o
d
o
f
co
o
r
d
in
ate
d
tu
n
i
n
g
o
f
AVR
an
d
ASC
s
y
s
tem
s
is
d
escr
ib
ed
b
elo
w
,
c
o
n
s
id
er
in
g
th
eir
m
u
tu
al
in
f
lu
e
n
ce
[
3
3
]
.
A
tech
n
iq
u
e
f
o
r
co
o
r
d
in
ated
t
u
n
in
g
o
f
AVR
an
d
AS
C
o
f
a
g
r
o
u
p
o
f
p
ar
allel
-
o
p
er
atin
g
g
en
er
at
o
r
s
o
f
a
p
o
wer
p
lan
t
is
g
iv
en
,
alo
n
g
with
s
o
lv
in
g
th
e
o
p
tim
izatio
n
p
r
o
b
lem
u
s
in
g
a
g
en
etic
alg
o
r
ith
m
.
Pre
d
ictiv
e
alg
o
r
ith
m
s
ar
e
u
s
ed
to
im
p
r
o
v
e
an
d
r
e
g
u
late
th
e
d
y
n
am
ic
s
tab
ilit
y
in
d
icato
r
s
[
3
3
].
3.
M
E
T
H
O
DO
L
O
G
Y
F
O
R
CO
O
RDINA
T
E
D
T
U
NIN
G
O
F
T
H
E
A
UT
O
M
AT
I
C
VO
L
T
AG
E
RE
G
UL
AT
I
O
N
AND
AUTOMA
T
I
C
SP
E
E
D
CO
NT
RO
L
SYS
T
E
M
S
O
F
A
G
RO
UP
O
F
P
ARAL
L
E
L
-
O
P
E
RA
T
I
NG
SYNCH
RO
NO
US G
E
NE
R
AT
O
RS
T
h
e
in
ter
ac
tio
n
b
etwe
en
th
e
s
p
ee
d
an
d
v
o
ltag
e
co
n
tr
o
l
s
u
b
s
y
s
tem
s
o
f
th
e
g
en
er
ato
r
is
m
an
if
ested
in
th
e
f
ac
t
th
at
an
E
PS
h
a
s
a
co
m
p
o
s
ite
s
tr
u
ctu
r
e
an
d
in
teg
r
at
es
s
ev
er
al
s
u
b
s
y
s
tem
s
in
ter
co
n
n
ec
ted
with
ea
ch
o
th
er
.
I
t
b
ec
o
m
es
ess
en
tial
to
tak
e
in
to
ac
co
u
n
t
th
e
m
u
tu
al
in
f
lu
en
ce
o
f
p
r
o
ce
s
s
es
in
p
o
wer
u
n
its
to
p
r
o
v
id
e
th
e
co
o
r
d
in
ate
d
co
n
tr
o
l
o
f
a
g
r
o
u
p
o
f
g
en
er
at
o
r
s
at
p
o
wer
p
lan
ts
.
T
ec
h
n
o
lo
g
ical
p
r
o
ce
s
s
es
r
u
n
n
in
g
in
in
d
iv
id
u
al
g
en
e
r
ato
r
s
ar
e
in
ter
r
elate
d
th
r
o
u
g
h
a
co
m
m
o
n
lo
ad
b
o
th
with
in
a
s
ep
ar
ate
p
o
wer
p
lan
t,
an
d
with
in
th
e
E
PS
as
a
wh
o
le.
Sep
ar
at
e
co
n
s
id
er
atio
n
o
f
p
r
o
ce
s
s
es
in
in
d
i
v
id
u
al
p
ar
ts
o
f
p
o
wer
u
n
its
ca
n
lead
t
o
a
n
o
ticea
b
le
d
eter
i
o
r
atio
n
in
th
e
ir
o
p
er
atio
n
a
n
d
e
v
en
i
n
s
tab
ilit
y
.
T
h
er
e
f
o
r
e,
it
b
ec
o
m
es
n
e
ce
s
s
ar
y
to
co
n
s
id
er
th
ese
p
r
o
ce
s
s
es with
in
a
s
in
g
le
d
y
n
am
ic
s
y
s
tem
.
W
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
e
co
n
d
u
ctin
g
th
e
co
o
r
d
in
ate
d
tu
n
i
n
g
o
f
th
e
A
VR
an
d
ASC
o
f
a
g
r
o
u
p
o
f
p
ar
allel
-
o
p
er
atin
g
g
e
n
er
ato
r
s
o
f
a
p
o
w
er
p
lan
t
in
two
s
tag
es.
T
h
e
f
r
e
q
u
en
cy
r
elatio
n
s
b
etwe
en
g
en
er
ato
r
s
an
d
v
ar
io
u
s
p
ar
ts
o
f
th
e
E
PS
ar
e
o
b
v
io
u
s
;
th
er
ef
o
r
e,
th
e
ASC
s
ett
in
g
s
o
f
th
e
g
r
o
u
p
o
f
g
en
e
r
ato
r
s
s
h
o
u
ld
b
e
d
eter
m
in
e
d
co
n
s
id
er
in
g
th
e
m
at
th
e
f
ir
s
t
s
tag
e.
W
h
en
id
en
tify
in
g
f
r
e
q
u
en
cy
c
o
n
tr
o
l
c
h
an
n
els
f
o
r
p
ar
allel
-
o
p
er
atin
g
g
en
er
ato
r
s
,
th
e
s
y
s
tem
s
h
o
u
l
d
b
e
r
ep
r
esen
ted
s
o
as
to
tak
e
in
to
ac
co
u
n
t
th
e
r
elatio
n
s
am
o
n
g
u
n
its
o
p
er
atin
g
f
o
r
a
co
m
m
o
n
lo
a
d
.
I
t
is
im
p
o
r
tan
t
to
n
o
te
th
at
if
c
o
n
s
id
er
atio
n
is
g
i
v
en
t
o
a
g
r
o
u
p
o
f
u
n
its
o
p
er
atin
g
f
o
r
co
m
m
o
n
b
u
s
es,
th
ey
a
r
e
u
s
u
al
ly
o
f
th
e
s
am
e
ty
p
e,
i.e
.
,
id
en
ti
ca
l
in
d
esig
n
an
d
,
th
e
r
ef
o
r
e
,
ar
e
ch
ar
ac
ter
ized
b
y
clo
s
e
d
y
n
am
ic
p
r
o
p
er
ties
.
T
h
is
cir
cu
m
s
tan
ce
allo
ws
u
s
u
t
ilize
an
eq
u
iv
ale
n
t
s
y
s
tem
,
wh
ich
s
ig
n
if
ican
tly
r
ed
u
ce
s
th
e
o
r
d
er
o
f
th
e
c
h
ar
a
cter
is
tic
eq
u
atio
n
.
I
n
th
e
e
v
en
t
th
e
r
e
ar
e
s
ev
er
al
b
u
s
s
y
s
tem
s
at
a
p
o
wer
p
lan
t,
s
ev
er
al
g
r
o
u
p
s
o
f
p
ar
allel
-
o
p
er
atin
g
u
n
its
ca
n
b
e
id
e
n
tifie
d
.
T
o
id
en
tif
y
s
u
ch
a
s
y
s
tem
at
th
e
f
ir
s
t
s
tag
e,
it
m
u
s
t
b
e
r
ep
r
esen
ted
as
a
m
u
ltiv
ar
iab
le
s
y
s
tem
,
f
o
r
ex
am
p
le,
as
s
h
o
w
n
in
Fig
u
r
e
1
.
T
h
e
tr
a
n
s
f
er
f
u
n
ctio
n
s
o
f
th
e
g
e
n
er
ato
r
W
G
an
d
tu
r
b
in
e
W
T
ar
e
f
o
u
n
d
ex
p
er
im
e
n
tally
in
th
e
f
o
r
m
o
f
co
m
p
lex
tr
an
s
f
er
f
ac
to
r
s
.
Af
ter
th
e
ch
ar
ac
ter
is
tic
p
o
ly
n
o
m
ial
o
f
th
e
eq
u
iv
alen
t
s
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s
tem
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id
en
tifie
d
an
d
o
b
tain
e
d
,
th
e
ASC
o
f
al
l
u
n
its
ca
n
b
e
tu
n
ed
.
T
h
is
is
a
ch
iev
ed
b
y
s
o
lv
in
g
an
o
p
tim
izatio
n
p
r
o
b
lem
to
m
i
n
im
ize
th
e
d
if
f
er
en
ce
b
etwe
en
th
e
co
ef
f
icien
ts
o
f
th
e
ch
ar
ac
t
er
is
tic
p
o
ly
n
o
m
ial
an
d
th
o
s
e
o
f
th
e
co
r
r
esp
o
n
d
i
n
g
B
u
tter
wo
r
th
p
o
ly
n
o
m
ial.
T
h
e
AVR
s
ettin
g
s
f
o
r
th
e
g
e
n
er
a
to
r
s
ar
e
d
eter
m
i
n
ed
b
y
a
g
en
etic
alg
o
r
ith
m
[
3
3
]
,
w
h
er
e
th
e
s
o
u
g
h
t
-
af
ter
co
n
tr
o
lle
r
co
ef
f
icien
ts
ar
e
en
co
d
ed
as
g
en
es.
T
h
en
we
ca
n
s
witch
to
th
e
s
ec
o
n
d
s
tag
e
an
d
d
eter
m
in
e
th
e
o
p
tim
al
s
ettin
g
s
o
f
t
h
e
AVR
an
d
th
e
ASC
,
g
i
v
en
th
ei
r
in
ter
p
lay
.
T
o
th
is
en
d
,
it
is
n
ec
ess
ar
y
to
id
en
tify
in
d
iv
i
d
u
al
"tu
r
b
in
e
-
g
en
er
ato
r
"
s
u
b
s
y
s
tem
s
with
th
e
ASC
s
ettin
g
s
o
b
tain
ed
at
th
e
f
ir
s
t stag
e.
T
o
s
ea
r
ch
f
o
r
o
p
tim
al
AVR
s
tab
ilizatio
n
co
ef
f
icien
ts
g
iv
en
th
e
in
f
lu
en
ce
o
f
th
e
ASC
,
th
e
"tu
r
b
in
e
-
g
en
er
ato
r
"
s
y
s
tem
s
h
o
u
ld
b
e
r
ep
r
esen
ted
as
a
s
ep
ar
ate
b
lo
ck
.
T
h
is
s
y
s
tem
o
p
er
ates
as
a
d
o
u
b
ly
-
co
n
n
ec
ted
s
y
s
tem
th
at
h
as
t
wo
in
p
u
t
ac
tio
n
s
co
m
in
g
f
r
o
m
th
e
co
n
tr
o
ller
s
,
an
d
,
in
th
e
g
en
er
al
ca
s
e,
two
co
n
tr
o
lled
v
al
u
es
-
th
e
r
o
to
r
s
p
ee
d
ω
G
a
n
d
th
e
g
en
er
ato
r
v
o
ltag
e
U
G
,
wh
ile
th
e
m
u
lti
-
co
n
n
ec
te
d
(
co
m
m
o
n
)
c
o
n
tr
o
ller
will h
av
e
a
d
iag
o
n
al
c
o
n
n
ec
tio
n
alo
n
g
th
e
AVR f
r
eq
u
en
cy
c
o
n
tr
o
l c
h
an
n
el,
as illu
s
tr
ated
in
Fig
u
r
e
2
.
T
h
u
s
,
th
e
m
atr
ix
tr
an
s
f
er
f
u
n
ctio
n
o
f
th
e
"c
o
m
m
o
n
co
n
tr
o
l
ler
,
”
r
ef
lectin
g
th
e
r
elatio
n
s
h
ip
b
etwe
en
th
e
AVR an
d
ASC
s
y
s
tem
s
o
v
er
th
e
f
r
e
q
u
en
c
y
ch
an
n
el,
ca
n
b
e
r
ep
r
esen
ted
as
(
1
)
.
=
|
0
|
(
1
)
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
0
8
8
-
8
6
9
4
I
n
t J Po
w
E
lec
&
Dr
i Sy
s
t
,
Vo
l.
1
7
,
No
.
1
,
Ma
r
c
h
20
2
6
:
211
-
222
214
W
h
er
e
W
ASC
is
th
e
co
m
p
lex
tr
an
s
f
er
f
u
n
ctio
n
o
f
ASC
;
is
th
e
co
m
p
lex
tr
a
n
s
f
er
f
u
n
ctio
n
o
f
th
e
AVR
f
r
eq
u
e
n
cy
ch
a
n
n
el;
is
th
e
co
m
p
lex
tr
an
s
f
er
f
u
n
ctio
n
o
f
th
e
A
VR
v
o
ltag
e
ch
an
n
el.
Af
ter
th
e
id
en
tific
atio
n
p
r
o
ce
d
u
r
e,
th
e
o
b
tain
e
d
is
u
s
ed
to
g
en
er
ate
th
e
ch
ar
ac
ter
is
tic
p
o
ly
n
o
m
ial
o
f
th
e
tu
r
b
in
e
-
g
en
er
ato
r
s
y
s
te
m
with
th
e
s
o
u
g
h
t
co
ef
f
icien
t
s
o
f
t
h
e
c
o
n
tr
o
ller
s
ettin
g
s
.
T
h
en
th
e
o
p
tim
izatio
n
p
r
o
b
lem
is
s
o
lv
ed
to
r
ed
u
ce
th
e
d
if
f
e
r
en
ce
b
etwe
en
t
h
e
c
o
r
r
e
s
p
o
n
d
in
g
co
e
f
f
icien
ts
o
f
th
e
d
esire
d
p
o
ly
n
o
m
ial
,
wh
ich
h
as
t
h
e
r
eq
u
ir
e
d
p
r
o
p
er
ties
,
an
d
s
im
ilar
p
ar
am
eter
s
o
f
th
e
s
y
s
tem
b
ein
g
tu
n
ed
.
A
g
en
etic
alg
o
r
ith
m
is
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
to
s
o
lv
e
it
[
3
3
]
.
I
t
is
also
wo
r
th
n
o
tin
g
th
at
it
is
ad
v
is
ab
le
to
p
er
f
o
r
m
t
h
e
id
en
tific
atio
n
an
d
co
o
r
d
in
ate
d
tu
n
in
g
o
f
th
e
A
VR
an
d
AS
C
o
f
g
en
er
ato
r
s
ac
co
r
d
in
g
to
th
e
d
escr
ib
ed
m
eth
o
d
f
o
r
v
ar
io
u
s
o
p
er
atin
g
c
o
n
d
itio
n
s
o
f
th
e
E
PS
(
f
o
r
ex
am
p
le,
f
o
r
b
o
th
m
in
im
u
m
an
d
m
ax
im
u
m
lo
ad
lev
els),
o
b
tain
in
g
a
s
et
o
f
o
p
tim
al
s
ettin
g
s
ac
co
r
d
in
g
l
y
.
W
A
S
C
1
W
Т
1
W
G
1
W
A
S
C
2
W
Т
2
W
G
2
∆
ω
1
∆
ω
2
ω
n
o
m
ω
G
2
ω
G
1
W
1
2
W
2
1
+
-
+
-
Fig
u
r
e
1
.
Stru
ctu
r
al
r
ep
r
esen
tatio
n
o
f
two
c
o
n
n
ec
te
d
s
p
ee
d
c
o
n
tr
o
l sy
s
tem
s
11
W
22
W
12
W
21
W
Т
W
A
SC
W
ω
g
iv
ω
G
ω
G
U
giv
U
G
U
E
W
G
U
G
ω
G
W
+
-
-
+
AVR
W
ω
U
AVR
W
P
W
Fig
u
r
e
2
.
Stru
ctu
r
al
r
ep
r
esen
tatio
n
o
f
th
e
co
n
tr
o
lled
“
tu
r
b
in
e
-
g
en
er
ato
r
”
s
y
s
tem
4.
RE
SU
L
T
S
O
F
AP
P
L
YING
T
H
E
CO
O
RDINA
T
E
D
T
U
NING
O
F
T
H
E
P
RE
DIC
T
I
VE
AVR
AND
ASC
F
O
R
A
G
RO
UP
O
F
P
O
WE
R
P
L
A
NT
G
E
NE
R
AT
O
RS
A
m
o
d
el
o
f
a
h
y
d
r
o
elec
tr
ic
p
o
wer
p
lan
t
o
p
er
atin
g
in
p
ar
allel
with
th
e
s
y
s
tem
was
d
ev
elo
p
ed
u
s
in
g
th
e
SimPo
wer
Sy
s
tem
s
an
d
Si
m
u
lin
k
p
ac
k
a
g
es to
in
v
esti
g
ate
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
AVR an
d
ASC
tu
n
in
g
m
eth
o
d
.
T
h
e
d
iag
r
am
o
f
th
e
E
PS
m
o
d
el
wi
th
a
h
y
d
r
o
elec
tr
ic
p
o
wer
p
lan
t
is
s
h
o
wn
in
Fig
u
r
e
3
.
T
h
e
p
o
wer
p
lan
t
h
as
two
v
o
ltag
e
le
v
els:
2
2
0
k
V
an
d
5
0
0
k
V.
Sev
en
eq
u
iv
ale
n
t
p
o
wer
u
n
its
o
f
a
h
y
d
r
o
g
en
ato
r
-
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
er
with
a
ca
p
ac
ity
o
f
2
,
0
5
9
MV
A
an
d
th
r
ee
p
o
wer
u
n
its
with
a
ca
p
ac
ity
o
f
8
8
2
MV
A
ar
e
co
n
n
e
cted
to
th
e
2
2
0
k
V
b
u
s
es.
T
wo
e
q
u
iv
alen
t
p
o
wer
u
n
its
with
a
ca
p
ac
ity
o
f
5
8
8
MV
A
an
d
s
ix
p
o
wer
u
n
its
with
a
ca
p
ac
ity
o
f
1
,
7
6
5
MV
A
ar
e
co
n
n
ec
ted
to
t
h
e
5
0
0
k
V
b
u
s
es.
T
h
e
g
e
n
er
ato
r
s
a
r
e
eq
u
ip
p
e
d
with
th
y
r
is
to
r
ex
citatio
n
s
y
s
tem
s
,
as
well
as
m
icr
o
p
r
o
ce
s
s
o
r
-
b
ased
AVR
an
d
ASC
.
T
h
e
m
o
d
el
o
f
th
e
tu
r
b
in
e
with
ASC
was
d
ev
elo
p
ed
in
MA
T
L
AB
u
s
in
g
th
e
Simu
lin
k
p
ac
k
ag
e.
I
n
th
is
ca
s
e,
th
e
ASC
is
m
o
d
eled
b
y
an
elec
tr
o
h
y
d
r
au
lic
c
o
n
tr
o
ller
th
at
em
p
lo
y
s
a
PID
co
n
tr
o
l a
lg
o
r
ith
m
.
E
ac
h
b
u
s
s
y
s
tem
h
as
co
n
n
ec
tio
n
s
in
th
e
f
o
r
m
o
f
an
ac
tiv
e
-
i
n
d
u
ctiv
e
lo
ad
.
T
h
e
lin
es
co
n
n
ec
tin
g
th
e
5
0
0
k
V
b
u
s
es
with
th
e
s
y
s
te
m
f
o
r
m
a
r
in
g
to
g
eth
e
r
(
Fig
u
r
e
3
)
.
T
h
e
m
o
d
el
allo
ws
f
o
r
th
e
in
tr
o
d
u
ctio
n
o
f
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
t J Po
w
E
lec
&
Dr
i Sy
s
t
I
SS
N:
2088
-
8
6
9
4
E
n
h
a
n
ci
n
g
th
e
d
yn
a
mic
s
ta
b
ili
ty
o
f e
lectric p
o
w
er sys
tems th
r
o
u
g
h
th
e
c
o
o
r
d
in
a
te
d
…
(
Hri
s
to
B
elo
ev
)
215
d
is
tu
r
b
an
ce
s
s
u
ch
as d
is
co
n
n
e
ctio
n
o
r
co
n
n
ec
tio
n
o
f
lo
ad
s
o
n
th
e
2
2
0
k
V
b
u
s
es a
n
d
at
th
e
r
ec
eiv
in
g
en
d
o
f
th
e
5
0
0
k
V
lin
e.
T
h
e
lo
a
d
p
o
we
r
s
ar
e
s
h
o
wn
in
Fig
u
r
e
3
.
T
h
e
al
g
o
r
ith
m
d
escr
ib
ed
a
b
o
v
e
is
u
s
ed
to
d
ete
r
m
in
e
th
e
o
p
tim
al
s
ettin
g
s
f
o
r
th
e
AV
R
an
d
ASC
.
T
h
e
s
im
u
latio
n
m
o
d
el
s
ch
em
atic
o
f
th
e
s
tu
d
ied
p
o
wer
s
y
s
tem
,
d
ev
elo
p
e
d
in
th
e
MA
T
L
AB
en
v
ir
o
n
m
en
t,
is
s
h
o
wn
in
Fig
u
r
e
4
.
T
h
e
m
o
d
els
f
o
r
th
e
g
en
e
r
ato
r
s
,
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
er
s
,
tr
an
s
m
is
s
io
n
lin
es,
lo
ad
s
,
an
d
o
th
er
au
x
iliar
y
p
o
wer
s
y
s
tem
co
m
p
o
n
e
n
ts
wer
e
im
p
lem
en
ted
u
s
in
g
s
tan
d
ar
d
b
lo
ck
s
f
r
o
m
th
e
SimPo
wer
Sy
s
tem
s
an
d
Simu
lin
k
lib
r
ar
ies.
T
h
e
d
escr
ip
tio
n
o
f
th
e
m
o
d
els
u
s
ed
in
th
e
s
im
u
latio
n
m
o
d
el
o
f
Fig
u
r
e
4
n
am
ely
th
e
ex
citatio
n
s
y
s
tem
,
AVR,
an
d
h
y
d
r
o
-
t
u
r
b
in
e
with
s
p
ee
d
g
o
v
er
n
o
r
,
is
p
r
o
v
id
e
d
b
elo
w
i
n
th
e
f
o
r
m
o
f
th
eir
tr
an
s
f
er
f
u
n
ctio
n
s
.
2
8
4
+
j
2
0
M
V
A
2
,
0
5
9
M
V
A
A
V
R
A
S
C
1
7
.
5
k
V
2
2
0
k
V
8
8
2
M
V
A
A
V
R
A
S
C
1
7
.
5
k
V
5
8
8
M
V
A
A
V
R
A
S
C
1
7
.
5
k
V
1
,
7
6
5
M
V
A
A
V
R
A
S
C
1
7
.
5
k
V
5
0
0
k
V
2
,
0
7
5
+
j
1
0
0
M
V
A
9
6
2
+
j
6
0
M
V
A
L
i
n
e
7
1
k
m
L
i
n
e
2
5
7
k
m
L
i
n
e
2
5
6
k
m
5
0
0
k
V
S
y
s
t
e
m
5
4
+
j
1
0
M
V
A
1
,
1
3
9
+
j
7
0
M
V
A
Fig
u
r
e
3
.
Diag
r
a
m
o
f
E
PS
u
n
d
er
s
tu
d
y
T
h
e
s
tu
d
ies
d
escr
ib
ed
b
elo
w
ar
e
aim
ed
at
an
aly
zin
g
th
e
i
m
p
ac
t
o
f
th
e
d
ev
el
o
p
ed
m
eth
o
d
f
o
r
th
e
co
o
r
d
in
ate
d
tu
n
i
n
g
o
f
th
e
AVR
an
d
ASC
o
n
th
e
E
PS
s
tab
ilit
y
,
f
o
cu
s
in
g
o
n
th
e
in
tr
a
-
g
r
o
u
p
m
o
v
em
en
t
o
f
g
en
er
ato
r
s
at
t
h
e
p
o
wer
p
la
n
t.
Fo
r
th
is
p
u
r
p
o
s
e,
eq
u
iv
alen
t
u
n
its
o
p
e
r
atin
g
o
n
d
if
f
er
en
t
b
u
s
es
wer
e
r
ep
r
esen
ted
as
a
d
o
u
b
ly
-
co
n
n
e
cted
s
y
s
tem
(
Fig
u
r
e
1
)
,
f
o
r
wh
ich
a
co
m
p
lex
tr
an
s
f
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r
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ctio
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e
q
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o
l
ch
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o
f
th
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e
n
er
ato
r
was
o
b
tain
ed
.
T
h
en
,
a
c
h
ar
ac
ter
is
tic
p
o
l
y
n
o
m
ia
l
D
m
(
j
ω
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a
n
d
th
e
co
r
r
esp
o
n
d
in
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B
u
tter
wo
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t
h
p
o
ly
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ial
D
giv
(
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with
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r
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d
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f
s
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ilit
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wer
e
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n
s
tr
u
cted
:
(
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iv
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4
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3
−
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2
+
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2361
+
1
T
h
e
g
e
n
etic
alg
o
r
ith
m
d
eter
m
in
ed
th
e
f
o
llo
win
g
ASC
s
ettin
g
s
:
k
p
=
9
3
2
.
6
6
,
k
i
=
3
0
.
5
2
,
k
d
=
3
1
.
2
4
.
On
th
is
b
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,
th
e
5
0
0
k
V
b
u
s
b
ar
tu
r
b
i
n
e
-
g
e
n
er
ato
r
s
y
s
tem
was
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tifie
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,
an
d
a
c
h
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ac
te
r
is
tic
p
o
ly
n
o
m
ial
f
o
r
th
e
s
y
s
tem
p
r
esen
ted
in
Fig
u
r
e
2
was d
esig
n
ed
:
(
)
=
11
⋅
⋅
⋅
⋅
22
⋅
+
11
⋅
⋅
+
21
⋅
×
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
0
8
8
-
8
6
9
4
I
n
t J Po
w
E
lec
&
Dr
i Sy
s
t
,
Vo
l.
1
7
,
No
.
1
,
Ma
r
c
h
20
2
6
:
211
-
222
216
×
+
22
⋅
⋅
−
12
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⋅
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21
.
(
2
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wh
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11
,
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12
,
21
ar
e
th
e
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p
lex
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s
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er
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u
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m
ain
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o
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tio
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;
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th
e
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m
p
lex
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an
s
f
er
f
u
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f
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l c
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f
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m
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lex
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s
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er
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e
f
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en
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l c
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o
f
AVR:
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0
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5
(
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0
.
5
(
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(
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(
2
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)
+
1
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0
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02
(
)
+
1
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+
1
0
.
05
(
)
0
.
05
(
)
+
1
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,
(
4
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wh
er
e
=
−
(
)
+
1
0
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5
(
)
+
1
is
th
e
co
m
p
lex
tr
an
s
f
er
f
u
n
ctio
n
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f
a
h
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d
r
o
tu
r
b
in
e;
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001
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0
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025
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f
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p
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tr
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n
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o
n
o
f
th
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ASC
,
g
iv
en
th
e
PI
c
o
n
tr
o
ller
an
d
s
er
v
o
m
o
to
r
.
Usi
n
g
th
e
o
b
tain
ed
p
o
ly
n
o
m
ial,
th
e
o
p
tim
al
s
ettin
g
s
o
f
th
e
AVR
wer
e
d
eter
m
in
ed
:
k
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=
5
0
,
k
1u
=
0
.
1
6
,
k
0
=
5
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6
7
,
an
d
k
1
=
1
.
5
8
.
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C
a
b
c
Y
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g
T
6
(
2
4
2
k
V
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5
0
0
k
V
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C
a
b
c
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T
5
(
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4
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V
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V
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b
c
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1
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g
A
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a
b
c
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1
Y
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T
2
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5
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7
5
k
V
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4
2
k
V
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Y
g
T
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7
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V
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f
1
m
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m
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m
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A
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a
k
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A
V
R
Fig
u
r
e
4
.
T
h
e
s
ch
em
e
o
f
th
e
s
i
m
u
latio
n
m
o
d
el
in
MA
T
L
AB
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
t J Po
w
E
lec
&
Dr
i Sy
s
t
I
SS
N:
2088
-
8
6
9
4
E
n
h
a
n
ci
n
g
th
e
d
yn
a
mic
s
ta
b
ili
ty
o
f e
lectric p
o
w
er sys
tems th
r
o
u
g
h
th
e
c
o
o
r
d
in
a
te
d
…
(
Hri
s
to
B
elo
ev
)
217
T
h
e
r
esu
lts
o
f
th
e
s
im
u
latio
n
ar
e
p
r
esen
ted
in
Fig
u
r
es
5
–
7
.
T
h
e
s
tab
ilit
y
an
aly
s
is
o
f
th
e
p
o
wer
p
lan
t
at
is
s
u
e
,
with
a
f
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a
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was
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r
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t
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an
g
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o
f
th
e
g
en
er
ato
r
r
o
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r
s
(
Fig
u
r
e
5
)
with
in
tr
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d
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ce
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d
is
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r
b
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ce
s
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g
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m
s
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e
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r
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al
o
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q
u
ick
ly
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ate,
wh
ich
in
d
icate
s
th
e
ef
f
ec
tiv
e
n
ess
o
f
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
m
eth
o
d
f
o
r
tu
n
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g
t
h
e
AVR
an
d
ASC
.
As
s
ee
n
in
th
e
o
s
cillo
g
r
am
s
o
f
th
e
v
o
ltag
e
(
Fig
u
r
e
6
(
a
)
)
an
d
s
p
ee
d
o
f
th
e
g
en
er
ato
r
r
o
to
r
(
Fig
u
r
e
6
(
b
)
)
,
t
h
e
AVR
an
d
ASC
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n
ed
in
th
is
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r
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e
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ce
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ta
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le
d
am
p
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f
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ical
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s
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n
s
.
At
th
e
s
am
e
tim
e,
th
e
u
s
e
o
f
th
e
s
elf
-
t
u
n
in
g
lead
-
lag
elem
en
t
in
th
e
ASC
[
3
3
]
s
ig
n
i
f
ican
tly
im
p
r
o
v
e
d
th
e
q
u
ality
in
d
icato
r
s
o
f
v
o
ltag
e
a
n
d
f
r
e
q
u
en
c
y
co
n
tr
o
l:
t
h
er
e
is
n
o
v
o
ltag
e
o
s
cillatio
n
a
n
d
f
r
eq
u
e
n
cy
o
v
er
s
h
o
o
t; t
h
e
m
ax
i
m
u
m
d
e
v
iatio
n
o
f
th
ese
p
ar
am
eter
s
is
s
ig
n
if
ican
tly
r
ed
u
ce
d
.
T
h
e
ef
f
ec
t
o
f
th
e
d
e
v
elo
p
e
d
m
eth
o
d
o
f
co
o
r
d
in
ated
tu
n
in
g
o
f
th
e
AVR
an
d
ASC
o
n
t
h
e
tr
an
s
f
er
ca
p
ab
ilit
y
o
f
th
e
7
1
k
m
li
n
e
was
d
eter
m
in
ed
(
Fig
u
r
e
3
)
.
Fo
r
th
is
p
u
r
p
o
s
e,
th
e
lo
a
d
was
in
cr
ea
s
ed
b
y
s
u
cc
ess
iv
ely
in
cr
ea
s
in
g
th
e
p
o
wer
f
lo
w.
I
n
th
is
ca
s
e,
t
h
e
l
o
ad
g
r
ew
in
a
p
o
wer
-
b
alan
ce
d
m
an
n
er
with
th
e
f
r
eq
u
e
n
cy
r
em
ain
in
g
p
r
ac
tical
ly
u
n
ch
an
g
ed
,
wh
ich
m
ad
e
it
p
o
s
s
ib
le
to
r
ea
ch
th
e
b
o
u
n
d
ar
y
o
f
th
e
s
tab
ilit
y
r
eg
io
n
.
T
h
e
r
esu
lts
o
f
m
u
ltip
l
e
s
im
u
latio
n
s
,
wh
ich
in
v
o
lv
e
d
ch
a
n
g
es
in
th
e
p
o
wer
f
lo
w
an
d
f
r
e
q
u
en
c
y
f
o
r
v
ar
io
u
s
AVR
an
d
AS
C
tu
n
in
g
m
eth
o
d
s
(
Fig
u
r
e
7)
,
wer
e
u
s
ed
to
d
eter
m
in
e
th
e
s
tab
ilit
y
m
ar
g
in
f
ac
to
r
f
o
r
ac
tiv
e
p
o
wer
.
W
h
en
tu
n
in
g
th
e
AVR
with
o
u
t
co
n
s
id
er
in
g
th
e
in
f
lu
en
ce
o
f
ASC
,
th
e
f
ac
t
o
r
was
K
marg
=
2
6
%,
wh
ile
with
th
e
co
o
r
d
i
n
ated
tu
n
in
g
,
th
e
tr
a
n
s
m
itted
p
o
wer
li
m
it
in
cr
ea
s
ed
an
d
,
as
a
r
esu
lt,
th
e
s
tab
ilit
y
m
ar
g
in
r
ea
ch
ed
K
marg
=
3
2
%.
Fig
u
r
e
8
s
h
o
ws
th
e
s
im
u
latio
n
r
esu
lts
f
o
r
a
tem
p
o
r
ar
y
s
h
o
r
t
-
cir
cu
it
f
au
lt
o
n
th
e
2
5
6
k
m
lin
e
(
s
ee
Fig
u
r
e
3
)
,
wh
ic
h
was
clea
r
e
d
b
y
d
is
co
n
n
ec
tin
g
it
f
r
o
m
b
o
t
h
en
d
s
a
f
ter
0
.
5
s
ec
o
n
d
s
.
T
h
e
r
esu
lts
ar
e
p
r
esen
ted
in
ter
m
s
o
f
g
en
e
r
ato
r
ter
m
i
n
a
l
v
o
ltag
e
an
d
r
o
to
r
s
p
ee
d
.
B
ased
o
n
th
e
r
esu
lts
,
it
ca
n
b
e
co
n
clu
d
e
d
th
at
th
e
ap
p
licatio
n
o
f
th
e
s
elf
-
tu
n
i
n
g
lead
-
lag
co
m
p
en
s
ato
r
in
th
e
AVR
en
s
u
r
es
s
tab
le
o
p
er
atio
n
o
f
th
e
p
o
wer
p
lan
t
g
en
er
ato
r
s
u
n
d
er
th
is
co
n
tin
g
e
n
cy
.
d
e
l
t
a
,
d
e
g
.
T
i
m
e
,
s
1
0
.
5
0
-
0
.
5
1
4
5
1
5
0
1
5
5
1
6
0
1
6
5
1
7
0
1
7
5
1
8
0
1
8
5
1
9
0
Fig
u
r
e
5
.
Oscill
o
g
r
am
o
f
c
h
an
g
es in
m
u
tu
al
an
g
les o
f
g
e
n
er
a
to
r
r
o
to
r
s
V
o
l
t
a
g
e
,
p
.
u
.
T
i
m
e
,
s
1
5
0
1
5
5
1
6
0
1
6
5
1
7
0
1
7
5
1
.
0
0
4
1
.
0
0
2
1
0
.
9
9
8
0
.
9
9
6
0
.
9
9
4
0
.
9
9
2
0
.
9
9
1
2
1
4
5
1
5
0
1
5
5
1
6
0
1
6
5
1
7
0
1
7
5
1
8
0
T
i
m
e
,
s
1
2
R
o
t
o
r
s
p
e
e
d
d
e
v
i
a
t
i
o
n
,
p
.
u
.
0
.
0
0
6
0
.
0
0
4
0
.
0
0
2
0
-
0
.
0
0
2
-
0
.
0
0
4
-
0
.
0
0
6
-
0
.
0
0
8
(
a)
(
b
)
Fig
u
r
e
6
.
Oscill
o
g
r
am
s
o
f
ch
a
n
g
es in
v
o
ltag
e
:
(
a)
r
o
to
r
s
p
ee
d
an
d
(
b
)
o
f
th
e
g
en
er
at
o
r
: 1
–
AVR an
d
ASC
with
o
u
t a
p
r
ed
ictiv
e
ele
m
en
t; 2
–
AVR an
d
ASC
with
a
p
r
ed
ictiv
e
elem
e
n
t
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
0
8
8
-
8
6
9
4
I
n
t J Po
w
E
lec
&
Dr
i Sy
s
t
,
Vo
l.
1
7
,
No
.
1
,
Ma
r
c
h
20
2
6
:
211
-
222
218
T
h
u
s
,
th
e
s
im
u
latio
n
m
o
d
el
o
f
th
e
p
o
wer
p
la
n
t
b
u
ilt
in
MA
T
L
AB
allo
ws
u
s
to
s
tu
d
y
th
e
in
tr
a
-
g
r
o
u
p
m
o
v
em
en
ts
o
f
g
en
er
ato
r
s
an
d
th
e
ca
p
ab
ilit
ies
o
f
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
m
eth
o
d
s
an
d
alg
o
r
ith
m
s
f
o
r
tu
n
in
g
th
e
AVR
an
d
ASC
s
y
s
tem
s
.
T
h
e
d
ev
elo
p
ed
m
eth
o
d
f
o
r
t
h
e
co
o
r
d
in
ate
d
tu
n
in
g
o
f
th
e
AVR
an
d
ASC
s
y
s
tem
s
im
p
r
o
v
es
th
e
d
am
p
in
g
p
r
o
p
er
ties
o
f
elec
tr
o
m
ec
h
an
ical
o
s
cillatio
n
s
in
th
e
E
PS
an
d
in
cr
ea
s
es
its
s
ta
b
ilit
y
m
ar
g
in
.
T
h
e
u
s
e
o
f
th
e
s
elf
-
t
u
n
in
g
lead
-
la
g
co
m
p
e
n
s
ato
r
i
n
th
e
AVR
s
ig
n
if
ican
tly
im
p
r
o
v
es
th
e
r
eg
u
la
tio
n
q
u
ality
o
f
b
o
th
g
en
er
ato
r
ter
m
in
al
v
o
ltag
e
an
d
r
o
to
r
s
p
ee
d
,
wh
ile
also
en
s
u
r
i
n
g
th
e
d
y
n
am
ic
s
tab
ilit
y
o
f
th
e
g
en
er
ato
r
s
.
R
o
t
o
r
s
p
e
e
d
,
p
.
u
.
T
i
m
e
,
s
T
i
m
e
,
s
P
,
M
W
0
2
0
0
4
0
0
6
0
0
8
0
0
1
,
0
0
0
0
2
0
0
4
0
0
6
0
0
8
0
0
1
,
0
0
0
1
6
0
1
5
0
1
4
0
1
3
0
1
2
0
1
1
0
1
0
0
9
0
8
0
1
.
0
0
9
1
.
0
0
7
1
.
0
0
5
1
.
0
0
3
1
.
0
0
1
0
.
9
9
9
0
.
9
9
7
0
.
9
9
5
(
a)
P
,
M
W
R
o
t
o
r
s
p
e
e
d
,
p
.
u
.
T
i
m
e
,
s
T
i
m
e
,
s
0
2
0
0
4
0
0
6
0
0
8
0
0
1
,
0
0
0
1
,
2
0
0
0
2
0
0
4
0
0
6
0
0
8
0
0
1
,
0
0
0
1
,
2
0
0
2
0
0
1
8
0
1
6
0
1
4
0
1
2
0
1
0
0
8
0
1
.
0
2
1
0
.
9
8
0
.
9
6
0
.
9
4
0
.
9
2
0
.
9
0
.
8
8
(
b
)
Fig
u
r
e
7
.
Dete
r
m
i
n
in
g
th
e
tr
an
s
m
itted
p
o
wer
lim
it f
o
r
a
7
1
k
m
lin
e
:
(
a)
f
o
r
n
o
n
-
c
o
o
r
d
in
ate
d
tu
n
in
g
o
f
AVR
an
d
ASC
an
d
(
b
)
f
o
r
co
o
r
d
in
at
ed
tu
n
in
g
o
f
AVR an
d
ASC
T
i
m
e
,
s
V
o
l
t
a
g
e
,
p
.
u
.
2
0
0
2
0
5
2
1
0
2
1
5
2
2
0
2
2
5
2
3
0
2
3
5
1
.
0
3
1
.
0
2
1
.
0
1
1
0
.
9
9
0
.
9
8
0
.
9
7
0
.
9
6
1
2
T
i
m
e
,
s
R
o
t
o
r
s
p
e
e
d
,
p
.
u
.
2
0
0
2
2
0
2
4
0
2
6
0
2
8
0
3
0
0
1
.
0
5
1
0
.
9
5
0
.
9
1
2
(
a)
(
b
)
Fig
u
r
e
8
.
C
h
an
g
e
in
(
a
)
v
o
lta
g
e
an
d
(
b
)
g
e
n
er
ato
r
r
o
to
r
s
p
ee
d
d
u
r
i
n
g
a
tem
p
o
r
ar
y
s
h
o
r
t
-
cir
cu
it a
n
d
th
e
d
is
co
n
n
ec
tio
n
o
f
th
e
2
5
6
k
m
li
n
e:
1
-
Gen
e
r
ato
r
AVR with
o
u
t th
e
s
elf
-
tu
n
in
g
lea
d
-
lag
c
o
m
p
en
s
ato
r
;
2
-
Gen
er
at
o
r
AVR with
th
e
s
elf
-
tu
n
in
g
lead
-
lag
c
o
m
p
en
s
ato
r
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
t J Po
w
E
lec
&
Dr
i Sy
s
t
I
SS
N:
2088
-
8
6
9
4
E
n
h
a
n
ci
n
g
th
e
d
yn
a
mic
s
ta
b
ili
ty
o
f e
lectric p
o
w
er sys
tems th
r
o
u
g
h
th
e
c
o
o
r
d
in
a
te
d
…
(
Hri
s
to
B
elo
ev
)
219
5.
CO
NCLU
SI
O
N
T
h
e
r
esear
ch
an
d
m
o
d
elin
g
f
i
n
d
in
g
s
in
d
icate
th
at:
T
h
e
m
o
d
el
o
f
a
p
o
wer
p
la
n
t
o
p
er
atin
g
in
p
ar
allel
with
an
E
PS
,
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
wit
h
in
th
e
s
tu
d
y
,
d
e
m
o
n
s
tr
ates
ef
f
ec
tiv
e
d
a
m
p
in
g
o
f
o
s
cillatio
n
s
u
n
d
er
lar
g
e
d
is
tu
r
b
an
ce
s
wh
en
th
e
AVR
a
n
d
ASC
co
ef
f
icien
ts
ar
e
tu
n
ed
u
s
in
g
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
m
eth
o
d
an
d
th
e
s
elf
-
tu
n
in
g
lead
-
lag
elem
en
t.
An
an
aly
s
is
o
f
th
e
s
tab
ilit
y
o
f
th
e
p
o
wer
p
lan
t,
f
o
cu
s
ed
o
n
in
tr
a
-
g
r
o
u
p
m
o
v
em
en
t
o
f
g
en
er
ato
r
s
to
ad
ju
s
t th
e
m
u
tu
a
l a
n
g
les o
f
th
e
g
en
er
ato
r
r
o
to
r
s
in
r
esp
o
n
s
e
to
th
e
d
is
tu
r
b
an
ce
s
in
tr
o
d
u
ce
d
in
th
e
f
o
r
m
o
f
co
n
n
ec
tio
n
an
d
d
is
co
n
n
ec
tio
n
o
f
lo
ad
s
o
n
th
e
2
2
0
k
V
b
u
s
es
h
as
r
ev
ea
led
t
h
at
in
t
er
n
al
o
s
cillatio
n
s
in
th
e
s
y
s
tem
r
ap
id
ly
d
ec
a
y
.
T
h
is
in
d
icate
s
th
e
ef
f
ec
tiv
en
ess
o
f
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
m
eth
o
d
f
o
r
tu
n
in
g
th
e
AVR
an
d
ASC
o
f
a
g
r
o
u
p
o
f
p
a
r
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