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c
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1.
I
NT
RO
D
UCT
I
O
N
Mo
b
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ap
p
licatio
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s
ar
e
s
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war
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d
h
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lt
h
m
o
n
i
to
r
in
g
[
1
]
,
[
2
]
.
Mo
b
ile
co
m
p
u
ti
n
g
i
s
d
is
ti
n
cti
v
el
y
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f
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ailab
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p
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ty
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o
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u
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s
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r
eq
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en
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to
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all
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t
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elati
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[
3
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.
Self
-
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s
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w
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e
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t.
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o
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atin
g
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n
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t
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d
-
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r
p
r
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am
i
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tr
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m
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tatio
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[
4
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ab
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to
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tex
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a
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as
in
f
o
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m
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m
a
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y
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p
licatio
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s
.
An
ad
ap
tiv
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m
o
b
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p
licatio
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(
AM
A
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ex
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ib
its
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lf
-
m
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if
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b
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ar
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s
tics
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m
en
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T
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o
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co
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tex
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s
in
cl
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w
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d
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ata
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co
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in
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m
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o
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g
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te
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m
t
h
e
m
o
b
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d
ev
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an
d
ex
ter
n
al
s
y
s
te
m
s
[
5
]
,
[
6
]
.
T
h
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ar
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n
u
m
er
o
u
s
w
o
r
k
s
,
e.
g
.
,
[
7
]
–
[
1
1
]
d
ea
lin
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w
it
h
ad
ap
tiv
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s
y
s
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m
s
in
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A
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m
atic
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v
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[
5
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[
6
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also
ch
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d
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r
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d
t
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M
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Mo
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[
1
2
]
–
[
1
5
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th
at
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lit
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M
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Ho
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Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
T
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s
ea
r
ch
er
s
an
d
p
r
ac
titi
o
n
er
s
:
th
e
y
f
ac
ili
tate
k
n
o
w
led
g
e
s
h
ar
in
g
,
h
elp
id
en
ti
f
y
r
esear
c
h
g
a
p
s
,
an
d
clar
if
y
i
n
ter
r
elatio
n
s
h
i
p
s
b
et
w
ee
n
f
ac
to
r
s
w
it
h
i
n
a
k
n
o
w
led
g
e
d
o
m
ai
n
[
1
7
]
.
A
d
d
itio
n
all
y
,
th
e
s
e
s
tr
u
ct
u
r
ed
f
r
am
e
w
o
r
k
s
s
u
p
p
o
r
t
in
f
o
r
m
ed
d
ec
is
io
n
-
m
a
k
i
n
g
p
r
o
ce
s
s
es
b
y
p
r
o
v
id
in
g
s
y
s
tem
atic
w
a
y
s
to
o
r
g
an
ize
an
d
c
o
m
p
ar
e
r
elev
a
n
t
in
f
o
r
m
a
tio
n
[
1
8
]
.
T
h
is
s
tu
d
y
ai
m
s
to
ch
ar
ac
ter
ize
th
e
lev
el
o
f
co
o
p
er
ativ
e
d
i
m
e
n
s
io
n
i
n
m
o
r
e
d
e
tail
to
p
r
o
v
id
e
a
v
alid
ated
f
r
a
m
e
w
o
r
k
to
g
u
id
e
th
e
d
ev
elo
p
m
en
t o
f
co
o
p
er
ativ
e
AM
A
.
T
h
e
f
r
a
m
e
w
o
r
k
p
u
t
f
o
r
w
ar
d
in
th
is
s
tu
d
y
,
p
r
ese
n
ts
a
m
o
r
e
d
etailed
d
escr
ip
tio
n
o
f
th
e
d
is
co
v
er
ed
co
a
r
s
e
r
an
g
e
o
f
co
o
p
er
ativ
e
ad
ap
tatio
n
lev
el
s
in
[
1
6
]
.
I
t
w
il
l
r
ef
i
n
e
th
e
co
n
ce
p
ts
,
r
elatio
n
s
h
i
p
s
an
d
co
n
s
tr
ain
ts
e
m
b
ed
d
ed
in
th
e
lev
el
s
o
f
co
o
p
er
atio
n
in
f
o
r
m
al
m
a
n
n
er
,
p
r
o
v
id
in
g
a
g
u
id
in
g
p
r
in
cip
les
to
f
o
llo
w
f
o
r
d
esig
n
er
s
an
d
d
ev
elo
p
er
s
o
f
co
o
p
er
ativ
e
A
M
A
b
ased
o
n
t
h
e
co
n
s
tr
ai
n
t
s
o
f
th
e
le
v
els.
T
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
f
r
a
m
e
w
o
r
k
w
ill
b
e
ass
es
s
ed
th
r
o
u
g
h
th
e
ap
p
licati
o
n
o
f
a
h
y
p
o
t
h
etica
l
u
s
e
ca
s
e
s
ce
n
ar
io
th
at
d
e
m
o
n
s
tr
ates
co
o
p
er
ativ
e
ad
ap
tatio
n
m
ec
h
a
n
i
s
m
s
.
T
h
is
p
ap
er
is
o
r
g
an
ized
as
f
o
llo
w
s
:
s
ec
tio
n
2
estab
li
s
h
e
s
th
e
th
eo
r
etica
l
f
o
u
n
d
atio
n
s
an
d
co
n
ce
p
tu
al
f
r
a
m
e
w
o
r
k
u
n
d
er
l
y
i
n
g
th
is
r
e
s
ea
r
ch
.
Sectio
n
3
p
r
o
v
id
es
a
co
m
p
r
e
h
en
s
iv
e
a
n
al
y
s
i
s
o
f
co
o
p
er
atio
n
lev
els
a
n
d
ex
a
m
in
e
s
t
h
eir
i
m
p
licatio
n
s
f
o
r
c
o
o
p
er
ativ
e
ad
ap
tatio
n
m
ec
h
an
i
s
m
s
.
Sectio
n
4
p
r
esen
ts
a
v
alid
atio
n
s
ce
n
ar
io
th
at
d
e
m
o
n
s
tr
ates
t
h
e
ap
p
lica
b
ilit
y
o
f
t
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
f
r
a
m
e
w
o
r
k
th
r
o
u
g
h
d
etailed
ca
s
e
s
tu
d
y
a
n
al
y
s
i
s
.
T
h
e
e
m
p
ir
ical
f
in
d
i
n
g
s
an
d
e
v
alu
atio
n
r
esu
lts
ar
e
s
y
s
te
m
at
ical
l
y
an
a
l
y
ze
d
a
n
d
d
is
cu
s
s
ed
in
s
ec
tio
n
5
.
Fi
n
all
y
,
s
ec
tio
n
6
co
n
cl
u
d
es
th
e
p
ap
er
w
it
h
a
s
y
n
th
e
s
is
o
f
k
e
y
f
in
d
i
n
g
s
an
d
id
en
t
if
ies
d
ir
ec
tio
n
s
f
o
r
f
u
t
u
r
e
r
esear
ch
en
d
ea
v
o
r
s
.
2.
T
H
E
O
R
E
T
I
CA
L
B
ACK
G
R
O
UND
Self
-
ad
ap
tab
ilit
y
e
n
ab
les
a
s
y
s
te
m
to
ad
ap
t
its
elf
to
ch
an
g
es
in
its
ex
ec
u
tio
n
co
n
d
itio
n
s
an
d
u
s
er
r
eq
u
ir
e
m
en
ts
i
n
o
r
d
er
to
ac
h
i
ev
e
p
ar
ticu
lar
q
u
a
lit
y
g
o
als
[
6
]
.
A
n
A
M
A
is
a
m
o
b
ile
ap
p
licatio
n
t
h
at
h
as
t
h
e
ca
p
ac
it
y
to
m
o
d
if
y
its
s
tr
u
ct
u
r
e
an
d
b
eh
av
io
r
at
r
u
n
ti
m
e
in
r
esp
o
n
s
e
to
ch
an
g
es in
o
p
er
atio
n
al
co
n
tex
t
w
i
th
o
u
t
m
aj
o
r
in
v
o
l
v
e
m
en
t
f
r
o
m
a
u
s
er
o
r
h
u
m
a
n
a
g
en
t
[
6
]
.
T
h
e
o
p
er
atio
n
al
co
n
te
x
t
s
h
o
u
ld
b
e
a
w
ell
-
d
ef
i
n
ed
s
et
o
f
in
ter
n
a
l
an
d
ex
ter
n
a
l
co
n
d
itio
n
s
t
h
at
af
f
ec
t
t
h
e
d
ef
in
ed
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
o
f
th
e
m
o
b
ile
ap
p
licatio
n
.
T
h
e
co
n
tex
t
co
n
s
id
er
ed
ca
n
b
e
u
s
er
ac
tiv
it
y
,
d
ev
ice
r
eso
u
r
ce
s
,
en
v
ir
o
n
m
en
t
an
d
th
e
in
ter
n
a
l
s
tate
o
f
th
e
m
o
b
ile
ap
p
licatio
n
[
5
]
,
[
1
6
]
A
n
A
M
A
u
s
e
s
th
e
c
o
n
tex
t
a
n
d
e
m
p
lo
y
s
it
s
ad
ap
tiv
e
m
ec
h
a
n
is
m
s
to
i
m
p
le
m
e
n
t
an
ad
ap
tiv
e
o
u
tp
u
t
alig
n
ed
w
it
h
ad
ap
tatio
n
g
o
als.
A
d
ap
tiv
e
m
ec
h
a
n
i
s
m
s
ar
e
th
e
co
m
p
u
tatio
n
al
p
r
o
ce
s
s
es,
alg
o
r
ith
m
s
,
o
r
d
ec
is
io
n
-
m
ak
in
g
f
r
a
m
e
w
o
r
k
s
w
ith
in
an
A
M
A
th
a
t
en
ab
le
it
to
d
y
n
a
m
icall
y
m
o
d
i
f
y
it
s
b
eh
av
io
r
in
r
esp
o
n
s
e
to
ch
an
g
e
s
in
co
n
te
x
t
[
6
]
.
W
h
ile,
ad
ap
tiv
e
d
ap
tiv
e
o
u
tp
u
t
r
ef
er
s
to
th
e
s
p
ec
i
f
ic,
o
b
s
er
v
ab
le
b
eh
av
io
r
s
,
ac
tio
n
s
,
o
r
m
o
d
i
f
icat
i
o
n
s
p
r
o
d
u
ce
d
b
y
an
A
M
A
as
a
r
esu
lt
o
f
its
ad
ap
tiv
e
m
ec
h
an
i
s
m
s
,
tailo
r
ed
to
th
e
cu
r
r
en
t
u
s
er
s
tate
an
d
co
n
tex
t
to
en
h
a
n
ce
f
u
n
ct
io
n
alit
y
o
r
u
s
er
ex
p
er
ien
ce
[
5
]
.
T
h
ese
o
u
tp
u
ts
ar
e
th
e
ta
n
g
ib
le
r
esu
l
ts
o
f
t
h
e
ad
ap
tatio
n
p
r
o
ce
s
s
,
af
f
ec
ti
n
g
t
h
e
ap
p
’
s
i
n
ter
ac
tio
n
w
i
th
t
h
e
u
s
er
o
r
d
ev
ice
r
eso
u
r
ce
s
.
An
A
M
A
ec
o
s
y
s
te
m
co
n
ta
in
s
o
n
e
o
r
m
o
r
e
AM
A
s
t
h
at
s
h
a
r
e
a
co
m
p
u
t
in
g
p
latf
o
r
m
co
m
p
r
is
in
g
a
co
m
m
o
n
h
ar
d
w
ar
e
,
o
p
er
atin
g
s
y
s
te
m
,
s
e
n
s
o
r
s
an
d
ex
ter
n
a
l
co
m
p
u
ti
n
g
ele
m
e
n
ts
s
er
v
i
n
g
a
s
in
g
le
u
s
er
.
T
h
ey
ar
e
u
s
u
all
y
d
ep
lo
y
ed
i
n
t
h
e
s
a
m
e
m
o
b
ile
p
h
o
n
e
d
ev
ice.
T
h
e
ec
o
s
y
s
te
m
co
m
p
r
is
e
s
o
f
A
M
As
t
h
at
ar
e
a
w
ar
e
o
f
t
h
e
p
r
esen
ce
o
f
at
least
o
n
e
o
t
h
er
A
M
A
.
T
h
is
p
r
ed
icate
s
t
h
at
th
e
A
M
As
h
a
v
e
t
h
e
p
o
s
s
ib
ilit
y
to
s
h
ar
e
co
n
te
x
t
an
d
o
p
er
atio
n
al
co
n
tex
t.
C
o
o
p
er
ativ
e
s
el
f
-
AM
A
w
it
h
i
n
an
A
M
A
ec
o
s
y
s
te
m
ar
e
d
ef
in
ed
as
a
co
llectio
n
o
f
t
w
o
o
r
m
o
r
e
A
M
As
th
at
d
e
m
o
n
s
tr
ate
m
u
tu
al
a
w
ar
en
es
s
o
f
co
-
ex
is
tin
g
A
M
A
an
d
ex
h
ib
it
co
o
r
d
in
ated
c
o
llab
o
r
ativ
e
b
eh
av
io
r
s
to
o
p
tim
ize
co
llectiv
e
s
y
s
te
m
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
.
T
h
ese
ap
p
licatio
n
s
ac
h
iev
e
en
h
a
n
ce
d
ef
f
ec
ti
v
en
es
s
th
r
o
u
g
h
t
h
e
co
n
s
id
er
atio
n
a
n
d
in
teg
r
atio
n
o
f
ad
ap
tiv
e
ac
tio
n
s
p
er
f
o
r
m
ed
b
y
o
th
er
ap
p
licatio
n
s
w
it
h
i
n
t
h
e
ec
o
s
y
s
te
m
,
r
at
h
er
th
an
r
el
y
i
n
g
s
o
lel
y
o
n
i
n
d
i
v
id
u
al
,
is
o
lated
ad
ap
tiv
e
r
esp
o
n
s
es
.
T
w
o
th
eo
r
ies
p
r
i
m
ar
il
y
i
n
f
o
r
m
o
u
r
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
f
r
am
e
w
o
r
k
o
f
co
o
p
er
atio
n
lev
el
f
o
r
A
M
A
.
T
h
e
f
ir
s
t
is
co
o
r
d
in
atio
n
th
eo
r
y
th
at
p
r
o
v
i
d
es a
len
s
to
ex
a
m
i
n
e
h
o
w
d
i
f
f
er
en
t s
y
s
te
m
s
m
a
n
a
g
e
in
ter
d
e
p
en
d
en
cies.
Ma
lo
n
e
d
ef
in
e
s
co
o
r
d
in
atio
n
t
h
eo
r
y
as
“
a
b
o
d
y
o
f
p
r
in
cip
le
s
ab
o
u
t
h
o
w
ac
tiv
ities
ca
n
b
e
co
o
r
d
in
ated
,
th
at
is
,
ab
o
u
t
h
o
w
ac
to
r
s
ca
n
w
o
r
k
to
g
eth
er
”
[
1
9
]
.
C
o
o
r
d
in
atio
n
th
eo
r
y
i
d
en
ti
f
i
es
g
o
als,
ac
tiv
itie
s
,
ac
to
r
s
an
d
in
ter
d
ep
en
d
en
cies
as
t
h
e
m
aj
o
r
co
m
p
o
n
e
n
ts
o
f
co
o
r
d
in
atio
n
in
v
ar
io
u
s
d
is
c
i
p
lin
es.
T
h
e
t
h
eo
r
y
f
u
r
th
er
r
el
ates
t
h
e
id
en
tifie
d
co
m
p
o
n
e
n
t
s
o
f
co
o
r
d
in
atio
n
p
r
o
ce
s
s
es,
n
a
m
e
l
y
;
m
an
a
g
i
n
g
s
h
ar
ed
r
eso
u
r
ce
s
,
m
a
n
ag
in
g
tas
k
d
ec
o
m
p
o
s
ab
ilit
y
,
p
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m
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elatio
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h
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a
n
t
h
o
s
e
th
at
ar
e
b
ased
o
n
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m
p
etitio
n
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
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T
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ar
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m
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s
w
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k
s
d
is
cu
s
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ec
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ics
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tio
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T
h
e
w
o
r
k
in
[
2
0
]
d
en
o
ted
th
at
co
o
p
er
atio
n
r
esu
lted
i
n
m
o
r
e
p
r
o
d
u
ctiv
it
y
.
T
h
e
co
r
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p
r
in
cip
les
b
eh
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th
is
co
o
p
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n
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y
i
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th
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f
ield
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f
m
an
a
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m
e
n
t
ar
e
in
ter
d
ep
en
d
en
ce
,
m
u
t
u
al
b
en
e
f
it,
s
h
ar
ed
g
o
al
s
,
tr
u
s
t
a
n
d
co
m
m
u
n
ica
tio
n
a
n
d
p
o
s
iti
v
e
r
elatio
n
s
h
ip
s
[
2
1
]
.
T
h
e
co
n
ce
p
ts
o
f
co
o
p
er
atio
n
th
eo
r
y
m
an
if
e
s
t i
n
th
i
s
s
t
u
d
y
t
h
r
o
u
g
h
:
−
A
cto
r
s
:
t
h
ese
ar
e
i
n
d
iv
id
u
a
l
AM
As
.
−
I
n
ter
ac
tio
n
s
:
t
h
er
e
ar
e
d
if
f
er
en
t
p
o
s
s
ib
ilit
ie
s
i
n
w
h
ic
h
i
n
d
iv
id
u
al
A
M
A
ca
n
in
ter
ac
t
w
it
h
ea
c
h
o
th
er
.
I
t
ca
n
b
e
a
d
ir
ec
t
p
ee
r
to
p
ee
r
in
ter
a
ctio
n
,
an
in
ter
ac
tio
n
f
ac
ilit
ate
d
b
y
an
in
ter
m
ed
iar
y
o
r
a
h
y
b
r
id
m
ec
h
a
n
i
s
m
th
at
allo
w
s
f
o
r
d
ir
ec
t a
n
d
m
an
ag
e
d
in
ter
ac
tio
n
s
.
T
h
is
s
tu
d
y
d
r
a
w
s
u
p
o
n
co
n
ce
p
t
s
f
r
o
m
m
u
lti
-
ag
e
n
t
s
y
s
te
m
s
(
MA
S)
w
i
th
i
n
t
h
e
f
ield
o
f
co
m
p
u
t
in
g
.
M
AS
ar
e
b
ased
o
n
au
to
m
o
m
o
u
s
a
g
en
t
s
th
a
t
ar
e
ca
p
ab
le
o
f
p
er
ce
iv
i
n
g
t
h
eir
en
v
ir
o
n
m
en
t,
m
ak
in
g
i
n
d
ep
en
d
en
t
d
ec
is
io
n
s
,
an
d
ac
tin
g
to
ac
h
iev
e
g
o
als.
An
MA
S c
o
m
p
r
is
es a
co
llectio
n
o
f
ag
en
t
s
th
at
i
n
ter
ac
t
w
it
h
i
n
a
d
ef
in
ed
en
v
ir
o
n
m
e
n
t
[
2
2
]
.
T
h
ese
ag
e
n
ts
f
ac
ilit
ate
i
n
f
o
r
m
a
tio
n
e
x
c
h
a
n
g
e
v
ia
a
d
esi
g
n
ated
co
m
m
u
n
i
ca
tio
n
c
h
an
n
el,
a
n
d
th
e
y
o
f
ten
co
o
p
er
ate
to
p
r
o
f
icien
tl
y
ad
d
r
ess
a
s
h
ar
ed
p
r
o
b
le
m
.
T
h
e
f
ield
o
f
MA
S
ad
d
r
ess
es
f
u
n
d
a
m
e
n
tal
q
u
esti
o
n
s
ab
o
u
t
h
o
w
au
to
n
o
m
o
u
s
en
t
ities
ca
n
co
o
r
d
in
ate
,
co
o
p
er
ate,
c
o
m
p
ete,
a
n
d
n
e
g
o
tiate
i
n
co
m
p
le
x
en
v
ir
o
n
m
e
n
t
s
[
2
3
]
.
I
n
m
a
n
a
g
e
m
en
t
s
cie
n
ce
,
co
o
p
er
ativ
e
b
eh
a
v
io
r
h
as
b
ee
n
ex
ten
s
i
v
el
y
ex
a
m
i
n
ed
t
h
r
o
u
g
h
r
ig
o
r
o
u
s
th
eo
r
etica
l
an
d
e
m
p
ir
ical
r
esea
r
ch
f
r
a
m
e
w
o
r
k
s
[
2
4
]
,
[
2
5
]
.
Si
m
ilar
l
y
,
th
e
f
ield
o
f
M
A
S
h
as
d
ev
elo
p
ed
s
u
b
s
ta
n
tia
l
liter
atu
r
e
ad
d
r
ess
i
n
g
h
o
w
m
u
lt
ip
le
au
to
n
o
m
o
u
s
ag
e
n
t
s
i
n
ter
a
ct
an
d
co
llab
o
r
ate
to
s
o
lv
e
co
m
p
lex
co
m
p
u
ta
tio
n
al
p
r
o
b
lem
s
[
2
3
]
,
[
2
6
]
.
Ho
w
e
v
er
,
w
it
h
i
n
th
e
d
o
m
ain
o
f
co
m
p
u
ti
n
g
,
an
d
p
ar
ticu
lar
l
y
i
n
t
h
e
co
n
t
ex
t
o
f
s
el
f
-
ad
ap
ti
v
e
s
y
s
te
m
s
an
d
A
M
As,
co
o
p
er
ativ
e
b
eh
av
io
r
r
em
a
in
s
s
i
g
n
if
ica
n
tl
y
u
n
d
er
ex
p
lo
r
ed
in
th
e
e
x
is
t
in
g
l
iter
atu
r
e.
Mo
b
ile
ap
p
licatio
n
s
o
p
er
ate
in
d
y
n
a
m
ic
e
n
v
ir
o
n
m
en
t
s
.
T
h
e
y
m
u
s
t
co
n
s
tan
tl
y
ad
ap
t
to
ch
a
n
g
i
n
g
n
et
w
o
r
k
s
an
d
r
eso
u
r
ce
s
.
C
u
r
r
en
t
r
esear
ch
,
h
o
w
e
v
er
,
f
o
cu
s
es
o
n
in
d
iv
id
u
al
ad
ap
tatio
n
.
I
t
o
v
er
lo
o
k
s
co
o
p
e
r
ativ
e
s
tr
ateg
ie
s
a
m
o
n
g
co
m
p
eti
n
g
ap
p
licatio
n
s
.
T
h
is
is
a
cr
itical
g
ap
o
n
d
ev
ices
w
it
h
s
h
ar
ed
r
e
s
o
u
r
ce
s
.
T
h
is
p
ap
er
in
tr
o
d
u
ce
s
a
v
a
li
d
ated
tax
o
n
o
m
y
f
o
r
co
o
p
er
ativ
e
ad
ap
tatio
n
.
T
h
e
tax
o
n
o
m
y
d
e
f
in
e
s
ap
p
licatio
n
i
n
ter
ac
tio
n
lev
els,
f
r
o
m
is
o
latio
n
to
f
u
ll
co
llab
o
r
atio
n
.
I
t
p
r
o
v
id
es
p
r
a
ctica
l
g
u
id
an
ce
f
o
r
d
ev
elo
p
er
s
.
W
e
v
alid
ate
th
e
tax
o
n
o
m
y
t
h
r
o
u
g
h
m
a
th
e
m
ati
ca
l
f
o
r
m
alis
m
s
a
n
d
an
ap
p
licatio
n
o
f
a
h
y
p
o
th
etica
l
u
s
e
ca
s
e
s
ce
n
ar
io
th
at
d
em
o
n
s
tr
ate
s
co
o
p
er
ativ
e
ad
ap
tatio
n
m
ec
h
an
is
m
s
.
3.
M
E
T
H
O
D
L
e
v
el
o
f
co
o
p
er
atio
n
b
etw
ee
n
AM
A
ca
n
b
e
co
n
s
id
er
ed
a
s
f
u
n
d
a
m
en
ta
l
d
eter
m
in
a
n
t
t
h
at
s
h
ap
e
s
co
o
p
er
ativ
e
ad
ap
tatio
n
in
m
o
b
ile
ap
p
licatio
n
s
.
I
t
q
u
alif
ies
th
e
in
t
e
n
s
it
y
,
s
co
p
e,
an
d
s
o
p
h
is
ticatio
n
o
f
co
llab
o
r
ativ
e
in
ter
ac
tio
n
s
a
m
o
n
g
A
M
As.
I
t
is
p
r
ed
icate
d
in
th
e
ass
u
m
p
tio
n
t
h
at
co
o
p
er
atio
n
is
n
o
t
a
m
er
e
b
in
ar
y
co
n
ce
p
t
li
m
ited
to
p
r
esen
ce
an
d
ab
s
en
ce
o
f
t
h
e
ac
t.
A
h
ig
h
er
le
v
el
o
f
co
o
p
er
atio
n
is
r
elate
d
to
g
r
ea
ter
in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
e
x
c
h
an
g
e
a
n
d
m
o
r
e
in
teg
r
ated
ad
ap
tiv
e
ac
tio
n
s
.
T
r
u
s
t,
u
s
er
p
r
ef
er
en
ce
,
s
ec
u
r
it
y
r
eq
u
ir
e
m
e
n
t
s
an
d
task
co
m
p
le
x
it
y
a
f
f
ec
t le
v
el
o
f
co
o
p
er
atio
n
.
Ou
r
p
r
ev
io
u
s
w
o
r
k
i
n
[
1
6
]
in
t
r
o
d
u
ce
d
a
co
o
p
er
ativ
e
ad
ap
tatio
n
co
n
ti
n
u
u
m
th
at
d
elin
ea
ted
a
r
an
g
e
o
f
co
o
p
er
ativ
e
ad
ap
tatio
n
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
es,
o
r
g
an
ized
b
y
t
h
eir
le
v
el
o
f
co
o
p
e
r
atio
n
as
illu
s
tr
ate
d
in
Fig
u
r
e
1
.
T
h
is
s
p
ec
tr
u
m
i
n
itiated
w
it
h
a
“
No
n
e
”
ca
teg
o
r
y
,
s
i
g
n
i
f
y
i
n
g
th
e
ab
s
en
ce
o
f
co
o
p
er
ativ
e
ad
ap
tatio
n
.
Pro
g
r
ess
in
g
alo
n
g
th
is
co
n
ti
n
u
u
m
,
t
h
e
s
t
u
d
y
id
en
tif
ied
“
Dec
e
n
tr
alize
d
A
d
ap
tati
o
n
”
an
d
“
A
b
s
tr
ac
tio
n
o
f
A
d
ap
tatio
n
C
o
n
ce
p
ts
”
a
s
s
u
b
s
eq
u
en
t
s
tag
e
s
.
Fu
r
t
h
er
lev
els
o
f
co
m
p
le
x
it
y
in
c
lu
d
e
d
“
Mu
lt
i
-
De
v
ice
a
n
d
Dis
tr
i
b
u
ted
A
d
ap
tatio
n
,
”
“
R
ec
o
g
n
itio
n
o
f
Ot
h
er
A
d
a
p
tiv
e
A
p
p
licatio
n
s
,
”
“
C
o
n
te
x
t
Sh
ar
i
n
g
an
d
Ma
n
ag
e
m
e
n
t,
”
an
d
“
C
o
n
f
lict
R
eso
l
u
tio
n
.
”
T
h
e
s
p
ec
tr
u
m
c
u
l
m
i
n
ated
in
“
G
lo
b
al
Go
al,
”
r
ep
r
esen
ti
n
g
th
e
m
o
s
t in
te
g
r
ated
f
o
r
m
o
f
co
o
p
er
ativ
e
ad
ap
tatio
n
o
b
s
er
v
ed
.
W
e
h
av
e
ad
ap
ted
an
d
r
e
f
in
ed
t
h
e
co
o
p
er
ativ
e
ad
ap
tiv
e
co
n
ti
n
u
u
m
in
Fi
g
u
r
e
1
to
p
r
o
p
o
s
e
a
q
u
alitati
v
e
lev
el
o
f
co
o
p
er
atio
n
to
g
u
id
e
co
o
p
er
ativ
e
ad
a
p
tatio
n
in
m
o
b
ile
ap
p
licatio
n
s
.
T
h
e
clas
s
if
icat
i
o
n
s
y
s
te
m
is
b
ased
o
n
a
tax
o
n
o
m
ical
f
r
a
m
e
w
o
r
k
g
r
o
u
n
d
ed
in
s
e
v
en
p
r
in
c
ip
les as
illu
s
tr
ated
in
Fi
g
u
r
e
2
.
a.
L
e
v
el
o
f
a
w
ar
en
e
s
s
:
th
i
s
in
d
ic
ates
th
e
d
eg
r
ee
o
f
a
w
ar
en
es
s
o
f
o
th
er
A
M
A
i
n
an
ec
o
s
y
s
te
m
.
A
M
A
ca
n
b
e
co
m
p
lete
l
y
u
n
a
w
ar
e
o
f
ea
c
h
o
th
er
,
a
w
ar
e
ab
o
u
t
f
u
n
ctio
n
al
c
ap
ab
ilit
ies
o
f
o
t
h
er
A
M
A
,
a
w
a
r
e
o
f
ad
ap
tiv
e
ca
p
ab
ilit
ies,
b.
Au
to
n
o
m
y
:
th
e
d
eg
r
ee
o
f
in
d
ep
en
d
en
t
d
ec
is
io
n
-
m
a
k
i
n
g
a
u
th
o
r
it
y
r
etai
n
ed
b
y
i
n
d
iv
id
u
al
A
M
A
.
I
t
is
co
n
s
id
er
ed
as
an
i
m
p
o
r
tan
t
d
im
en
s
io
n
in
M
A
S
t
h
at
i
s
r
elate
d
in
m
an
y
asp
ec
t
s
to
A
M
A
[
2
7
]
.
A
co
m
p
lete
au
to
n
o
m
y
s
i
g
n
i
f
ie
s
A
M
A
m
a
k
in
g
ad
ap
tiv
e
d
ec
is
io
n
s
i
n
d
ep
en
d
en
tl
y
w
it
h
o
u
t
co
n
s
id
er
atio
n
to
th
e
s
el
f
-
ad
ap
tiv
e
ca
p
ab
ilit
ies
o
f
o
th
er
A
M
A
.
A
m
o
d
er
ate
le
v
el
o
f
a
u
t
o
n
o
m
y
en
ab
le
s
an
A
M
A
to
p
ar
ticip
ate
in
a
n
d
b
e
in
f
l
u
e
n
ce
d
b
y
o
th
er
A
M
A
in
t
h
e
d
ec
is
io
n
-
m
a
k
in
g
p
r
o
ce
s
s
co
n
ce
r
n
i
n
g
its
o
w
n
ad
ap
tiv
e
m
ec
h
an
i
s
m
s
.
I
n
lo
w
a
u
to
n
o
m
y
AM
A
o
p
er
ate
u
n
d
er
a
s
ig
n
i
f
ica
n
t e
x
t
er
n
al
co
n
tr
o
l f
r
o
m
o
th
er
A
M
A
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
T
E
L
KOM
NI
K
A
T
elec
o
m
m
u
n
C
o
m
p
u
t E
l
C
o
n
tr
o
l
Ta
xo
n
o
my
o
f c
o
o
p
era
tive
a
d
a
p
ta
tio
n
leve
l fo
r
co
o
p
era
tive
…
(
B
erh
a
n
yiku
n
A
ma
n
u
el
Geb
r
esela
s
s
ie
)
503
Fig
u
r
e
1
.
C
o
o
p
er
ativ
e
ad
ap
tatio
n
co
n
tin
u
u
m
Fig
u
r
e
2
.
T
ax
o
n
o
m
ical
f
r
a
m
e
w
o
r
k
f
o
r
lev
el
s
o
f
co
o
p
er
atio
n
in
A
M
A
c.
I
n
f
o
r
m
a
tio
n
s
h
ar
i
n
g
:
t
h
e
e
x
te
n
t,
f
r
eq
u
en
c
y
,
a
n
d
n
at
u
r
e
o
f
i
n
f
o
r
m
atio
n
ex
c
h
a
n
g
e
b
et
w
ee
n
AM
A
i
n
t
h
e
A
M
A
ec
o
s
y
s
te
m
[
2
8
]
.
I
t c
an
r
ef
er
to
th
e
f
o
llo
w
i
n
g
in
s
ta
n
ce
s
:
−
No
n
e:
n
o
i
n
f
o
r
m
a
tio
n
i
s
ex
c
h
a
n
g
ed
a
m
o
n
g
A
M
A
−
Min
i
m
al:
b
asi
c
i
n
f
o
r
m
atio
n
s
h
ar
in
g
ab
o
u
t t
h
e
f
u
n
ctio
n
a
l c
ap
ab
ilit
ies
.
−
Selectiv
e
:
s
h
ar
in
g
o
f
n
o
n
cr
itic
al
co
n
tex
t
u
al
d
ata
.
−
C
o
n
s
id
er
ab
le
: sh
ar
in
g
o
f
co
n
te
x
tu
a
l d
ata
.
−
C
o
m
p
r
eh
e
n
s
i
v
e:
ex
te
n
s
iv
e
d
at
a
s
h
ar
in
g
in
cl
u
d
in
g
th
e
co
n
te
x
t
,
ad
ap
tiv
e
ca
p
a
b
ilit
ies
an
d
m
ec
h
an
i
s
m
s
.
−
C
o
m
p
lete:
f
u
ll
tr
an
s
p
ar
en
c
y
w
it
h
co
m
p
lete
k
n
o
w
led
g
e
f
o
l
lo
w
ed
b
y
r
ea
l
ti
m
e
s
y
n
c
h
r
o
n
i
za
tio
n
o
f
ad
ap
tiv
e
k
n
o
w
led
g
e
.
d.
Du
r
atio
n
o
f
co
o
p
er
atio
n
r
ef
er
s
to
th
e
te
m
p
o
r
al
s
co
p
e
o
f
an
AM
A
co
o
p
er
ativ
e
b
eh
a
v
io
r
.
T
h
is
d
u
r
atio
n
ca
n
b
e
ca
teg
o
r
ized
in
to
th
r
ee
d
is
ti
n
ct
lev
e
ls
:
−
Sh
o
r
t
-
ter
m
in
ter
ac
tio
n
s
ar
e
b
r
ief
,
las
tin
g
o
n
l
y
a
f
e
w
s
ec
o
n
d
s
.
T
h
ese
ar
e
t
y
p
icall
y
f
o
r
s
h
ar
i
n
g
b
asic
co
n
tex
t
u
al
i
n
f
o
r
m
atio
n
a
n
d
d
o
n
o
t r
eq
u
ir
e
th
e
p
r
eser
v
atio
n
o
f
h
i
s
to
r
ical
d
ata.
−
Me
d
iu
m
-
ter
m
i
n
ter
ac
tio
n
s
i
n
v
o
lv
e
co
o
p
er
atio
n
s
p
ec
if
ic
to
an
ad
ap
tiv
e
ac
tio
n
.
T
h
is
lev
el
n
ec
ess
itate
s
th
e
lo
g
g
i
n
g
o
f
in
ter
ac
tio
n
d
ata
f
o
r
s
u
b
s
eq
u
e
n
t a
n
a
l
y
s
i
s
an
d
r
ef
er
en
ce
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
1
6
9
3
-
6930
T
E
L
KOM
NI
K
A
T
elec
o
m
m
u
n
C
o
m
p
u
t E
l
C
o
n
tr
o
l
,
Vo
l.
24
,
No
.
2
,
A
p
r
il
20
26
:
5
0
0
-
513
504
−
L
o
n
g
-
ter
m
co
o
p
er
atio
n
r
ep
r
esen
ts
a
p
er
s
i
s
te
n
t
r
elatio
n
s
h
ip
b
et
w
ee
n
A
M
As.
T
h
is
e
n
ab
les
c
o
n
tin
u
o
u
s
co
llab
o
r
atio
n
an
d
f
ac
ilit
ate
s
th
e
lear
n
i
n
g
a
n
d
ev
o
l
u
tio
n
o
f
s
h
ar
ed
ad
ap
tiv
e
m
ec
h
an
i
s
m
s
o
v
er
an
ex
ten
d
ed
p
er
io
d
.
−
T
h
e
tem
p
o
r
al
d
im
e
n
s
io
n
als
o
ca
n
s
p
ec
if
y
f
o
r
ad
h
o
c,
e
v
en
t
d
r
iv
e
n
,
p
er
io
d
ic
o
r
co
n
ti
n
u
o
u
s
in
ter
ac
tio
n
s
.
e.
E
n
g
a
g
e
m
en
t
m
o
d
e:
it
ca
p
tu
r
es
h
o
w
A
M
A
i
n
it
iate,
r
esp
o
n
d
to
,
an
d
m
a
n
a
g
e
co
o
p
er
atio
n
.
C
o
o
p
er
atio
n
s
ca
n
b
e
r
ea
ctiv
e
th
at
r
esp
o
n
d
t
o
c
o
o
p
er
atio
n
r
eq
u
est
an
d
e
n
v
ir
o
n
m
e
n
tal
tr
ig
g
er
s
o
r
th
e
y
ca
n
b
e
p
r
o
ac
tiv
e
co
o
p
er
atio
n
th
at
ar
e
an
ticip
ato
r
y
a
n
d
g
o
al
d
r
iv
e
n
.
f.
Go
al
alig
n
m
e
n
t:
th
i
s
d
escr
ib
es
h
o
w
t
h
e
ad
ap
tiv
e
o
b
j
ec
tiv
es
o
f
A
M
A
r
elate
to
ea
ch
o
th
er
.
C
o
o
p
er
atin
g
A
M
A
ca
n
h
a
v
e:
−
Or
th
o
g
o
n
a
l g
o
al
ali
g
n
m
e
n
t:
AM
A
p
er
s
u
e
in
d
ep
en
d
e
n
t a
d
ap
tiv
e
g
o
al
s
.
−
C
o
n
f
licti
n
g
g
o
al
ali
g
n
m
e
n
t:
on
e
A
M
A
’
s
ad
ap
tiv
e
g
o
al
i
m
p
e
d
es a
n
o
th
er
’
s
g
o
al
ac
h
ie
v
e
m
e
n
t.
−
P
ar
tial g
o
al
alig
n
m
e
n
t:
h
av
e
s
o
m
e
o
v
er
lap
p
in
g
ad
ap
ti
v
e
g
o
a
ls
.
−
Sh
ar
ed
g
o
al
ali
g
n
m
e
n
t
:
A
M
A
h
av
e
co
m
m
o
n
ali
g
n
ed
g
o
al
s
a
n
d
s
u
cc
e
s
s
i
s
m
ea
s
u
r
ed
co
lle
ct
iv
el
y
.
g.
Sco
p
e:
it
ca
p
tu
r
es
th
e
b
r
ea
d
th
,
s
ca
le,
an
d
b
o
u
n
d
ar
y
c
h
ar
ac
ter
is
tics
o
f
A
M
A
in
ter
ac
tio
n
s
a
n
d
co
o
r
d
in
atio
n
s
.
I
t
is
ass
u
m
ed
th
at
A
M
A
s
h
ar
e
a
co
m
m
o
n
co
m
p
u
ti
n
g
p
latf
o
r
m
i
n
th
e
m
o
b
ile
d
ev
ice
o
f
a
p
ar
ticu
lar
u
s
er
.
T
h
e
u
s
er
’
s
p
r
o
f
ile
an
d
b
eh
a
v
io
u
r
ar
e
al
s
o
s
h
ar
ed
b
y
th
e
A
M
A
.
T
h
e
s
co
p
e
o
f
co
o
p
er
atio
n
c
an
b
e
m
in
i
m
al,
in
ter
m
ed
iate
o
r
ex
ten
s
i
v
e.
I
n
m
i
n
i
m
al
co
o
p
er
atio
n
A
M
A
d
o
n
’
t
h
a
v
e
an
y
co
m
m
o
n
ad
ap
tiv
e
g
o
als
an
d
th
e
m
aj
o
r
ity
o
f
co
o
p
er
atio
n
r
ev
o
l
v
es
ar
o
u
n
d
s
h
ar
in
g
co
n
tex
t
in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
.
T
h
e
ad
ap
tiv
e
m
ec
ah
n
i
s
m
s
o
f
an
A
M
A
h
a
v
e
litt
le
i
m
p
ac
t
o
n
t
h
e
ad
ap
tiv
e
m
ec
h
a
n
i
s
m
s
o
f
an
o
t
h
er
A
M
A
.
I
n
i
n
ter
m
ed
iate
co
o
p
er
atio
n
s
co
p
e
A
M
A
h
a
v
e
th
e
o
p
p
o
r
tu
n
it
y
to
im
p
ac
t
ea
ch
o
th
er
i
n
a
li
m
ited
ca
p
ac
it
y
in
a
s
elec
ted
co
m
m
o
n
ad
ap
tiv
e
g
o
al
.
I
n
f
o
r
m
a
tio
n
ab
o
u
t
co
n
tex
t
an
d
ad
ap
tiv
e
s
tr
ateg
i
es
ar
e
s
h
ar
ed
am
o
n
g
A
M
A
.
I
n
an
ex
te
n
s
iv
e
s
co
p
e
o
f
co
o
p
er
atio
n
in
A
M
A
.
I
n
an
ex
ten
s
i
v
e
s
co
p
e
co
o
p
e
r
atio
n
t
w
o
o
r
m
o
r
e
AM
A
ar
e
in
v
o
l
v
ed
in
a
d
ee
p
co
o
r
d
in
atio
n
in
a
s
elec
ted
a
d
a
p
tiv
e
g
o
al
o
r
th
ey
ar
e
in
v
o
lv
ed
in
co
o
p
e
r
atio
n
in
lar
g
e
n
u
m
b
e
r
o
f
r
esp
ec
tiv
e
ad
ap
ti
v
e
g
o
als.
T
h
e
tax
o
n
o
m
ical
f
r
a
m
e
w
o
r
k
s
y
s
te
m
a
ticall
y
in
f
o
r
m
ed
t
h
e
co
n
s
tr
u
ct
io
n
o
f
a
ta
x
o
n
o
m
y
d
elin
ea
ti
n
g
co
o
p
er
atio
n
lev
els
w
ith
in
co
o
p
er
ativ
e
A
M
A
.
T
h
e
r
esu
l
tin
g
tax
o
n
o
m
y
en
co
m
p
ass
e
s
s
e
v
e
n
d
is
ti
n
ct
lev
el
s
o
f
co
o
p
er
atio
n
,
ea
ch
ch
ar
ac
ter
ized
b
y
s
p
ec
if
ic
b
e
h
av
io
r
al
a
n
d
s
tr
u
ctu
r
al
cr
iter
ia.
F
ig
u
r
e
3
p
r
esen
t
s
t
h
e
co
m
p
lete
tax
o
n
o
m
ical
s
tr
u
ctu
r
e,
w
h
ile
t
h
e
co
r
r
esp
o
n
d
in
g
clas
s
i
f
icatio
n
cr
iter
ia
an
d
th
eo
r
etica
l
f
o
u
n
d
atio
n
s
ar
e
elab
o
r
ated
in
th
e
s
u
b
s
eq
u
e
n
t d
is
cu
s
s
io
n
.
Fig
u
r
e
1
T
ax
o
n
o
m
y
f
o
r
co
o
p
e
r
atio
n
lev
el
s
o
f
A
M
A
L
e
v
el
0
:
in
d
e
p
en
d
en
t
-
A
M
A
s
a
r
e
u
n
a
w
ar
e
o
f
ea
ch
o
th
er
an
d
im
p
le
m
e
n
t
s
el
f
-
ad
ap
tatio
n
in
d
e
p
en
d
en
tl
y
.
I
t
is
ch
ar
ac
ter
ized
b
y
t
h
e
ab
s
en
ce
o
f
co
m
m
u
n
icatio
n
m
ec
h
an
is
m
s
(
b
o
th
ad
ap
tiv
e
an
d
n
o
n
-
ad
ap
t
i
v
e)
,
lack
o
f
co
n
tex
t
s
h
ar
i
n
g
ca
p
ab
ilit
ie
s
,
an
d
n
o
co
o
r
d
in
ated
ad
ap
tiv
e
ac
tio
n
s
a
m
o
n
g
p
ar
ticip
atin
g
ap
p
licatio
n
s
.
L
e
v
el
1
:
a
w
ar
e
at
f
u
n
ctio
n
a
l
le
v
el
;
at
t
h
is
le
v
el,
AM
A
s
r
ec
o
g
n
ize
ea
c
h
o
th
er
’
s
ex
i
s
te
n
ce
a
n
d
f
u
n
ct
io
n
al
ca
p
ab
ilit
ies,
b
u
t la
ck
a
w
ar
e
n
es
s
o
f
ad
ap
tiv
e
m
ec
h
a
n
is
m
s
,
p
r
e
v
en
t
in
g
co
o
p
er
ativ
e
ad
ap
tatio
n
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
T
E
L
KOM
NI
K
A
T
elec
o
m
m
u
n
C
o
m
p
u
t E
l
C
o
n
tr
o
l
Ta
xo
n
o
my
o
f c
o
o
p
era
tive
a
d
a
p
ta
tio
n
leve
l fo
r
co
o
p
era
tive
…
(
B
erh
a
n
yiku
n
A
ma
n
u
el
Geb
r
esela
s
s
ie
)
505
L
e
v
el
2
:
p
ass
i
v
e
in
f
o
r
m
a
tio
n
s
h
ar
in
g
;
A
M
As
ar
e
a
w
ar
e
o
f
e
ac
h
o
th
er
’
s
e
x
is
te
n
ce
a
n
d
m
a
y
p
ass
iv
el
y
s
h
ar
e
s
o
m
e
b
asic,
n
o
n
-
cr
itical
co
n
tex
t
u
al
i
n
f
o
r
m
atio
n
(
e.
g
.
,
p
r
esen
ce
,
g
e
n
er
al
ca
p
ab
ilit
i
es)
.
T
h
ey
o
p
er
ate
at
a
co
m
p
lete
a
u
to
n
o
m
y
.
L
e
v
e
l
3
:
c
o
n
t
e
x
t
s
h
a
r
i
n
g
;
A
M
A
s
r
e
a
c
t
t
o
e
x
p
l
i
c
i
t
r
e
q
u
e
s
t
s
o
r
o
f
f
e
r
s
f
r
o
m
p
e
e
r
s
f
o
r
s
h
a
r
i
n
g
c
o
n
t
e
x
t
i
n
f
o
r
m
a
t
i
o
n
.
T
h
e
r
e
l
a
t
i
o
n
s
h
i
p
s
b
e
t
w
e
e
n
t
h
e
m
a
r
e
u
s
u
a
l
l
y
t
r
a
n
s
i
t
o
r
y
.
T
h
e
y
s
h
a
r
e
s
e
l
e
c
t
i
v
e
o
r
c
o
n
s
i
d
e
r
a
b
l
e
i
n
f
o
r
m
a
t
i
o
n
a
b
o
u
t
e
a
c
h
o
t
h
e
r
’
s
a
d
a
p
t
i
v
e
m
e
c
h
a
n
i
s
m
s
.
T
h
e
r
e
i
s
a
n
o
p
p
o
r
t
u
n
i
t
y
f
o
r
p
a
r
t
i
a
l
a
l
i
g
n
m
e
n
t
o
f
a
d
a
p
t
i
v
e
g
o
a
l
s
.
L
e
v
el
4
:
co
llab
o
r
a
tiv
e
lear
n
in
g
;
th
i
s
in
v
o
lv
e
s
a
m
o
r
e
co
m
m
itted
r
elatio
n
s
h
ip
o
f
co
n
tex
t
in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
ab
o
u
t
n
o
t
o
n
l
y
co
n
te
x
tu
a
l
in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
r
eg
ar
d
i
n
g
to
th
e
en
v
ir
o
n
m
e
n
t
b
u
t
al
s
o
ad
ap
tiv
e
m
ec
h
a
n
is
m
s
o
f
in
d
iv
id
u
al
A
M
As.
T
h
is
ca
n
en
ab
le
a
co
n
s
o
lid
ated
v
ie
w
o
f
co
n
te
x
t n
o
t a
v
ailab
le
to
ea
ch
A
M
A
at
a
p
ar
ticu
lar
ti
m
e
an
d
th
e
ch
an
ce
to
o
p
ti
m
ize
ad
ap
ti
v
e
m
ec
h
an
i
s
m
s
.
L
e
v
el
5
:
co
n
f
lict r
eso
l
u
tio
n
;
t
h
is
lev
el
n
ec
e
s
s
i
tates a
g
r
ea
ter
l
ev
el
o
f
co
o
p
er
atio
n
co
m
p
ar
ed
to
co
n
tex
t
s
h
ar
i
n
g
a
n
d
u
tili
ze
s
av
ailab
le
i
n
f
o
r
m
atio
n
to
ad
d
r
ess
s
it
u
atio
n
s
w
h
er
e
ad
ap
tiv
e
ac
tio
n
s
f
r
o
m
A
M
A
s
co
u
n
ter
ac
t
ea
ch
o
th
er
.
A
M
A
in
t
h
i
s
le
v
el
ca
n
h
a
v
e
eit
h
er
ac
ti
v
e
o
r
p
r
o
ac
tiv
e
m
o
d
e
o
f
en
g
a
g
e
m
en
t.
Mo
r
eo
v
er
,
th
e
lev
el
r
eq
u
ir
es
a
m
ed
i
u
m
to
lo
n
g
te
r
m
d
u
r
atio
n
o
f
co
o
p
er
atio
n
.
T
h
e
ad
ap
tiv
e
ac
tio
n
o
f
an
A
M
A
ca
n
r
es
u
lt
in
t
h
e
i
m
m
i
n
en
t
o
r
p
o
s
s
ib
le
u
n
d
esira
b
le
co
n
tex
t
s
tate
o
f
an
o
th
er
AM
A
.
I
t
also
d
ea
ls
w
it
h
th
e
ca
s
es
w
h
er
e
A
d
ap
tiv
e
ac
ti
o
n
s
o
f
o
n
e
AM
A
co
u
n
ter
a
cts th
e
e
f
f
ec
ts
o
f
a
n
o
th
er
A
M
A
.
L
e
v
el
6
:
co
m
p
le
m
e
n
tar
y
ad
ap
tatio
n
;
A
M
As
e
n
g
ag
e
in
p
r
o
a
ctiv
e
co
o
r
d
in
ated
ad
ap
tiv
e
ac
t
io
n
s
.
T
h
e
y
alig
n
th
eir
ad
ap
tiv
e
ac
tio
n
s
i
n
a
m
an
n
er
th
a
t
is
b
en
e
f
icia
l
to
th
e
w
h
o
le
ec
o
s
y
s
te
m
b
y
co
llab
o
r
atio
n
an
d
c
o
o
r
d
in
atio
n
o
f
t
h
eir
ad
ap
tiv
e
m
ec
h
an
i
s
m
s
.
T
h
is
ca
n
i
n
v
o
l
v
e
n
eg
o
tia
tio
n
,
r
o
le
ass
ig
n
m
en
t
an
d
s
y
n
c
h
r
o
n
ized
ac
tio
n
s
.
T
h
is
le
v
el
o
f
co
o
p
er
ativ
e
ad
ap
tatio
n
e
n
tail
s
t
h
e
u
s
e
o
f
o
n
to
lo
g
y
m
o
d
els
t
h
at
p
r
o
v
id
e
s
h
ar
ed
,
f
o
r
m
a
l,
an
d
m
ac
h
i
n
e
-
in
ter
p
r
etab
le
r
ep
r
esen
tatio
n
o
f
k
n
o
w
led
g
e,
all
o
w
i
n
g
d
i
v
er
s
e
A
M
As
to
u
n
d
e
r
s
tan
d
ea
ch
o
t
h
er
’
s
co
n
tex
t,
ca
p
ab
ilit
ie
s
,
i
n
te
n
tio
n
s
,
an
d
ta
s
k
s
,
w
h
ich
is
f
o
u
n
d
atio
n
al
f
o
r
th
i
s
le
v
el
o
f
co
o
p
er
atio
n
[
2
9
]
.
A
M
As
co
u
ld
also
p
o
o
l
th
eir
ad
ap
tiv
e
m
ec
h
an
is
m
s
l
(
e.
g
.
,
co
n
tex
t
s
e
n
s
i
n
g
an
d
r
ea
s
o
n
in
g
en
g
i
n
es)
to
ex
ec
u
te
m
o
r
e
ef
f
ec
tiv
e
an
d
ef
f
icie
n
t
ad
ap
tatio
n
[
3
0
]
.
T
h
is
i
n
cl
u
d
es
th
e
p
o
ten
tial
o
f
co
m
b
in
i
n
g
m
o
d
els
f
o
r
A
M
As
t
h
a
t
b
ase
th
eir
an
al
y
s
i
s
an
d
p
lan
n
in
g
o
f
ad
ap
tatio
n
o
n
ML
.
T
h
e
A
M
As t
h
at
ar
e
co
o
p
er
atin
g
at
co
m
p
le
m
e
n
tar
y
ad
a
p
tatio
n
lev
e
l s
h
o
u
ld
b
e
h
av
e
th
e
ab
ili
t
y
to
:
−
An
ticip
ate
n
ee
d
s
:
u
n
d
er
s
ta
n
d
an
d
p
r
ed
ict
s
itu
atio
n
s
w
h
er
e
an
o
th
er
A
M
A
’
s
ad
v
an
ta
g
e
i
n
en
g
a
g
in
g
i
n
co
o
p
er
atio
n
f
o
r
m
u
late
s
u
b
-
g
o
a
ls
f
o
r
th
e
s
p
ec
if
ic
co
o
p
er
atio
n
n
ee
d
.
−
Neg
o
tiate:
ag
r
ee
o
n
ad
ap
tiv
e
task
allo
ca
tio
n
an
d
d
y
n
a
m
ic
all
y
d
eter
m
i
n
e
“
w
h
o
w
ill
d
o
w
h
at?
”
in
th
e
co
llab
o
r
atio
n
.
−
S
y
n
ch
r
o
n
ize
ac
tio
n
s
:
co
o
r
d
in
a
te
t
h
e
t
i
m
in
g
a
n
d
s
eq
u
en
ce
o
f
ad
ap
tiv
e
m
ec
h
a
n
is
m
t
h
at
g
u
ar
a
n
tee
co
o
p
er
atio
n
.
−
Ma
in
tai
n
a
s
h
ar
ed
u
n
d
er
s
tan
d
in
g
:
k
ee
p
co
n
s
is
te
n
t
v
ie
w
i
n
r
eg
ar
d
s
to
th
e
id
en
t
if
ied
s
u
b
-
g
o
als
m
ak
in
g
r
eliab
le
u
p
d
ates sp
an
n
in
g
t
h
e
co
o
p
er
atin
g
AM
A
s
.
L
e
v
el
7
:
in
te
g
r
ated
g
o
al;
th
i
s
i
s
th
e
ap
ex
o
f
co
o
p
er
atio
n
lev
e
l
w
h
er
e
AM
A
s
ac
t
as
a
co
h
es
i
v
e
u
n
it
to
p
u
r
s
u
e
a
n
o
v
er
ar
ch
i
n
g
g
o
al.
T
h
is
i
n
v
o
lv
e
s
co
m
p
le
x
p
lan
n
in
g
,
u
n
itar
y
u
n
d
er
s
tan
d
i
n
g
o
f
g
l
o
b
al
co
n
tex
t.
E
ac
h
A
M
A
lo
s
es
s
ig
n
i
f
ica
n
t
p
o
r
tio
n
o
f
it
s
o
w
n
i
n
d
ep
en
d
en
t
ad
ap
tiv
e
m
ec
h
a
n
is
m
f
o
r
g
lo
b
al
b
en
ef
it.
A
M
A
s
w
o
r
k
to
g
eth
er
to
m
ai
n
tai
n
a
g
lo
b
al
g
o
al
o
f
ad
ap
tatio
n
an
d
s
y
n
er
g
is
t
icall
y
co
m
b
i
n
e
t
h
eir
ad
ap
tiv
e
m
ec
h
a
n
i
s
m
s
to
o
p
tim
ize
th
e
g
lo
b
al
v
ie
w
o
f
th
e
o
v
er
all
s
y
s
te
m
.
A
p
r
o
ce
s
s
o
f
u
n
if
ied
d
ata
co
llectio
n
an
d
s
en
s
o
r
f
u
s
io
n
is
t
h
e
f
ir
s
t
s
tep
f
o
r
an
ec
o
s
y
s
te
m
at
t
h
is
le
v
el
o
f
ad
ap
tiv
e
co
o
p
er
atio
n
.
E
x
p
licit
d
ata,
i
m
p
licit
d
ata
an
d
co
n
tex
t
u
al
d
ata
ar
e
th
e
m
aj
o
r
d
ata
t
y
p
es
co
lle
cted
ac
r
o
s
s
t
h
e
A
M
As
i
n
t
h
i
s
lev
el.
T
h
e
co
llected
r
a
w
d
ata
s
h
o
u
ld
b
e
p
r
o
ce
s
s
ed
an
d
in
f
er
r
ed
to
g
en
er
ate
h
i
g
h
er
-
le
v
el
attr
ib
u
tes.
T
h
e
te
m
p
o
r
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e
s
ec
o
n
d
A
MA
,
J
ir
taa
,
is
a
p
ed
ag
o
g
ical,
s
elf
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ad
ap
ti
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e
m
o
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ile
s
y
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te
m
d
esi
g
n
ed
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th
e
Af
a
n
Or
o
m
o
la
n
g
u
a
g
e
w
id
el
y
s
p
o
k
en
in
E
t
h
io
p
ia
.
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h
e
s
y
s
te
m
u
s
es
a
m
o
b
ile
d
ev
ice
’
s
s
e
n
s
o
r
s
to
p
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o
v
id
e
co
n
tex
t
u
all
y
r
elev
an
t
ed
u
ca
tio
n
al
co
n
ten
t.
F
o
r
ex
a
m
p
le,
it
ca
n
g
e
n
er
ate
lo
ca
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s
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n
s
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s
u
ch
a
s
v
o
ca
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u
lar
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elate
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o
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ies
w
h
e
n
t
h
e
u
s
er
is
n
ea
r
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la
k
e.
J
ir
taa
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i
n
ter
f
a
ce
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ap
ts
it
s
m
o
d
alit
ies
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ased
o
n
t
h
e
u
s
er
’
s
ac
tiv
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y
,
en
v
ir
o
n
m
e
n
tal
co
n
d
it
io
n
s
,
an
d
t
h
e
d
ev
ice
’
s
co
n
n
ec
t
iv
it
y
s
tat
u
s
,
en
s
u
r
i
n
g
a
p
er
s
o
n
alize
d
an
d
ef
f
ec
tiv
e
lear
n
in
g
e
x
p
er
ien
ce
.
B
o
th
ap
p
licatio
n
s
ar
e
u
s
ed
to
d
em
o
n
s
tr
ate
th
e
tax
o
n
o
m
ica
l
f
r
a
m
e
w
o
r
k
’
s
ap
p
licab
ilit
y
ac
r
o
s
s
d
i
v
er
s
e
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o
m
ai
n
s
w
h
ile
illu
s
tr
ati
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g
v
ar
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g
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eg
r
ee
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o
f
co
n
tex
t
s
en
s
i
tiv
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y
,
ad
ap
tiv
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g
r
an
u
lar
it
y
,
a
n
d
ex
ter
n
al
s
er
v
ice
in
te
g
r
atio
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ca
p
ab
ilit
ies.
W
e
u
s
ed
m
at
h
e
m
atica
l
f
o
r
m
ali
s
m
in
t
an
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it
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co
o
p
er
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et
w
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th
e
E
DR
ap
p
an
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A
M
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o
r
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alu
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p
o
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th
e
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o
llo
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g
f
o
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n
d
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n
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o
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(
6
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L
e
v
el
0
:
E
DR
ap
p
an
d
J
ir
taa
d
ep
lo
y
ed
in
th
e
m
o
b
ile
p
h
o
n
e
o
f
th
e
u
s
er
w
it
h
o
u
t
an
y
a
w
ar
e
n
ess
o
f
ea
ch
o
th
er
s
o
p
er
ativ
e
an
d
ad
ap
tiv
e
m
ec
h
a
n
i
s
m
.
L
e
v
el
1
:
E
D
R
ap
p
an
d
J
ir
taa
d
ep
lo
y
ed
i
n
t
h
e
m
o
b
ile
p
h
o
n
e
o
f
th
e
u
s
er
w
h
er
e
t
h
er
e
is
a
w
ar
e
n
ess
o
f
th
e
s
er
v
ices
p
r
o
v
id
ed
b
y
ea
ch
o
th
er
.
W
e
ca
n
co
p
y
tex
t
v
al
u
es
f
r
o
m
E
D
R
ap
p
to
J
ir
taa
an
d
v
ice
v
er
s
a
b
ased
o
n
th
e
p
er
m
i
s
s
io
n
g
r
a
n
ted
b
y
th
e
u
s
er
.
L
e
v
el
2
:
E
DR
ap
p
a
n
d
J
ir
taa
d
ep
lo
y
ed
in
th
e
m
o
b
ile
p
h
o
n
e
o
f
th
e
u
s
er
an
d
th
er
e
is
b
r
o
ad
ca
s
t
o
f
p
r
esen
ce
m
e
s
s
a
g
es; d
is
co
v
er
y
p
r
o
to
co
ls
; r
ea
d
-
o
n
ly
ac
ce
s
s
to
p
u
b
lic
co
n
tex
t.
L
e
v
el
3
:
E
DR
ap
p
an
d
J
ir
taa
d
e
p
lo
y
ed
in
t
h
e
m
o
b
ile
p
h
o
n
e
o
f
th
e
u
s
er
an
d
s
h
ar
in
g
co
n
te
x
t
i
n
f
o
r
m
atio
n
in
ad
h
o
c
r
eq
u
est
an
d
r
esp
o
n
s
e
m
a
n
n
er
.
E
DR
ap
p
s
h
ar
in
g
t
h
e
co
n
tex
t
o
f
.
=
{
“
”
}
in
r
esp
o
n
s
e
to
J
ir
taa
’
s
r
eq
u
est.
L
e
v
el
4
:
E
DR
ap
p
an
d
J
ir
taa
d
e
p
lo
y
ed
i
n
th
e
m
o
b
ile
p
h
o
n
e
o
f
th
e
u
s
er
an
d
n
e
g
o
tiati
n
g
to
s
h
a
r
e
co
n
tex
t
in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
r
eg
ar
d
i
n
g
Us
e
r
.
A
c
tivity
f
o
r
an
e
x
ten
d
ed
p
er
io
d
o
f
ti
m
e.
E
DR
a
p
p
ca
n
co
llect
in
f
o
r
m
at
io
n
o
n
s
o
m
e
asp
ec
t
o
f
th
e
u
s
er
’
s
ac
tiv
i
t
y
a
n
d
J
ir
taa
ca
n
c
o
llect
co
n
tex
t
in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
ab
o
u
t
u
s
er
’
s
ac
ti
v
it
y
n
o
t
tr
ac
k
ed
b
y
E
DR
ap
p
.
A
co
n
s
o
lid
ated
co
n
t
ex
t
f
r
o
m
t
h
is
lo
n
g
-
ter
m
p
er
io
d
d
ata
ca
n
in
f
o
r
m
b
o
th
A
M
As.
E
DR
ap
p
ca
n
also
in
f
o
r
m
ab
o
u
t
th
e
e
f
f
ec
ti
v
e
n
ess
o
f
ch
a
n
g
i
n
g
a
lo
ca
tio
n
tr
ac
k
i
n
g
m
ec
h
a
n
i
s
m
af
ter
a
ch
a
n
g
e
i
n
lo
ca
tio
n
to
J
ir
taa.
E
n
ab
lin
g
J
ir
taa
to
ap
p
ly
a
m
o
r
e
ef
f
ec
t
iv
e
lo
ca
tio
n
tr
ac
k
i
n
g
m
eth
o
d
.
L
e
v
el
5
:
J
ir
taa
ca
n
p
r
o
p
o
s
e
to
ex
ten
d
t
h
e
ti
m
e
o
f
a
b
atter
y
i
n
ten
s
i
v
e
lear
n
i
n
g
m
o
d
u
le
d
ep
en
d
in
g
t
h
e
f
o
cu
s
an
d
p
r
o
g
r
ess
o
f
th
e
u
s
er
p
r
o
f
ile.
T
h
is
ca
n
d
ep
lete
th
e
b
atter
y
o
f
t
h
e
m
o
b
ile
d
ev
ice
r
estrictin
g
t
h
e
u
s
e
o
f
co
n
tactin
g
e
m
er
g
en
c
y
s
er
v
ice
s
u
s
i
n
g
th
e
E
DR
ap
p
.
A
co
n
f
li
ct
r
eso
lu
tio
n
s
tr
ateg
y
b
ased
o
n
p
r
io
r
itizatio
n
ca
n
p
r
o
p
o
s
e
f
o
r
J
ir
taa
to
s
u
s
p
en
d
th
e
u
s
e
o
f
t
h
e
p
o
w
er
in
te
n
s
iv
e
m
o
d
u
le.
J
ir
taa
p
r
o
p
o
s
in
g
a
n
e
w
m
o
d
u
le
w
h
ich
i
s
h
ig
h
i
n
m
u
lti
m
ed
ia
c
o
n
ten
t
b
ased
o
n
t
h
e
p
r
o
g
r
ess
o
f
th
e
u
s
er
.
T
h
e
A
d
ap
tiv
e
ac
tio
n
u
s
es
a
h
i
g
h
a
m
o
u
n
t
o
f
b
att
er
y
.
T
h
e
ad
a
p
tiv
e
ac
tio
n
ca
n
b
e
d
escr
ib
ed
as
(
f
o
cu
s
i
n
g
o
n
th
e
u
n
iq
u
e
v
al
u
e
s
f
o
r
th
e
ac
tio
n
)
:
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
1
6
9
3
-
6930
T
E
L
KOM
NI
K
A
T
elec
o
m
m
u
n
C
o
m
p
u
t E
l
C
o
n
tr
o
l
,
Vo
l.
24
,
No
.
2
,
A
p
r
il
20
26
:
5
0
0
-
513
508
′
=
⟨
,
,
{
=
Mo
d
u
le
F
,
=
“
”
,
{
(
)
.
=
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L
ev
el
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(
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Fo
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}
,
{
(
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.
=
“
Hig
h
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(
)
.
=
“
1
”
}
,
,
_
⟩
(
7
)
w
h
er
e:
−
is
th
e
A
M
A
i
n
v
o
lv
ed
i
n
ad
ap
tiv
e
ac
tio
n
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−
is
a
t
y
p
e
o
f
ad
ap
tiv
e
ac
tio
n
t
h
at
ad
d
s
n
e
w
f
u
n
ct
io
n
al
ca
p
ab
il
ities
.
−
=
Mo
d
u
le
F
=
“
ar
e
th
e
p
ar
a
m
eter
s
f
o
r
th
e
f
u
n
ctio
n
i
m
p
le
m
e
n
ti
n
g
th
e
ad
ap
tiv
e
ac
tio
n
.
−
(
)
.
is
th
e
u
s
er
’
s
co
n
te
x
t o
f
J
ir
taa
d
escr
ib
in
g
h
i
s
/h
er
p
r
o
g
r
ess
i
n
t
h
e
ed
u
ca
tio
n
ap
p
licatio
n
.
−
(
)
.
=
“
F
o
cu
s
ed
”
is
th
e
u
s
er
’
s
co
n
te
x
t d
escr
ib
i
n
g
h
i
s
/
h
er
ac
tiv
it
y
s
tatu
s
.
−
(
)
.
=
“
1
”
d
en
o
tes
to
t
h
e
A
p
p
licatio
n
co
n
tex
t
o
f
J
ir
ta
a
t
h
at
i
n
v
o
lv
es
a
m
u
lti
m
ed
ia
m
o
d
u
le.
−
(
)
.
=
“
Hi
g
h
”
d
escr
ib
es
th
e
A
p
p
licatio
n
co
n
tex
t
o
f
E
DR
ap
p
th
at
d
en
o
te
s
th
e
b
atter
y
u
s
a
g
e
a
m
o
u
n
t.
A
co
n
f
l
ict
ar
is
es
w
h
e
n
t
h
e
ex
e
cu
tio
n
o
f
α
’
w
o
u
ld
ca
u
s
e
th
e
s
h
ar
ed
d
ev
ice
’
s
b
atter
y
le
v
el
to
d
r
o
p
b
elo
w
a
cr
itical
th
r
esh
o
ld
f
o
r
th
e
e
m
er
g
en
c
y
m
o
d
u
le
o
f
E
D
R
ap
p
o
r
if
th
e
r
ate
o
f
co
n
s
u
m
p
tio
n
j
e
o
p
ar
d
izes
E
DR
ap
p
.
I
f
_
(
)
.
_
is
s
h
ar
ed
b
atter
y
lev
el
o
f
th
e
d
ev
ice
o
n
w
h
ic
h
b
o
th
ap
p
s
m
i
g
h
t
b
e
r
u
n
n
in
g
o
b
s
er
v
ed
b
y
E
D
R
ap
p
,
an
d
B
at
ter
y
I
m
p
ac
t(
α
’
,
E
_
d
ev
ice
(
t)
)
b
e
th
e
p
r
ed
icted
b
atter
y
lev
e
l a
f
t
er
ex
ec
u
ti
n
g
’
.
T
h
en
a
co
n
f
lict c
o
n
d
itio
n
as a
r
esu
lt o
f
′
ca
n
b
e
f
o
r
m
u
lated
[
3
2
]
as:
(
’
,
,
)
⟺
(
(
′
,
(
)
)
<
(
)
.
_
ℎ
ℎ
)
∧
(
(
)
.
_
=
∨
(
)
.
_
=
)
(
8
)
w
h
er
e:
−
(
’
,
,
)
d
en
o
tes th
e
co
n
f
lict
s
it
u
atio
n
o
n
E
DR
ap
p
as a
r
esu
lt o
f
α
’
.
−
(
)
.
_
ℎ
ℎ
)
is
an
ap
p
licatio
n
co
n
tex
t
f
o
r
E
DR
ap
p
th
at
s
atis
f
ie
s
a
b
atter
y
le
v
el
b
elo
w
w
h
ic
h
E
DR
ap
p
’
s
f
u
n
ctio
n
al
it
y
is
cr
iticall
y
i
m
p
ac
ted
.
−
(
)
.
_
is
an
ap
p
licatio
n
co
n
te
x
t
f
o
r
d
escr
ib
in
g
t
h
e
r
u
n
n
in
g
m
o
d
e
o
f
E
DR
ap
p
.
T
h
is
m
ea
n
s
t
h
at
e
x
ec
u
ti
n
g
’
r
ed
u
ce
s
t
h
e
d
ev
ice
’
s
b
atter
y
b
elo
w
t
h
e
E
D
R
ap
p
’
s
cr
it
ical
t
h
r
esh
o
ld
w
h
ile
th
e
E
DR
ap
p
is
o
p
er
atio
n
al.
A
co
n
f
lic
t
r
eso
lu
tio
n
m
ec
h
an
i
s
m
ca
n
b
e
c
o
n
s
id
er
ed
as
a
f
u
n
cti
o
n
th
at
tak
e
s
th
e
co
n
f
lic
tin
g
ac
tio
n
o
f
J
ir
taa
o
n
E
DR
ap
p
in
th
e
E
co
s
y
s
te
m
co
n
tex
t a
n
d
p
r
o
p
o
s
es a
r
ev
is
ed
s
et
o
f
ac
tio
n
s
.
(
’
,
(
)
)
→
′′
(
9
)
’’
is
a
s
et
o
f
n
e
w
ac
tio
n
s
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
to
co
u
n
ter
co
n
f
lict.
(
)
d
escr
ib
es
th
e
o
v
er
al
l
co
n
te
x
t
o
f
th
e
E
co
s
y
s
te
m
.
P
o
s
s
ib
le
ac
tio
n
s
to
m
iti
g
ate
co
n
tex
t
co
n
f
lict
ca
n
b
e
u
s
i
n
g
p
r
io
r
itizatio
n
an
d
d
r
o
p
p
in
g
th
e
r
eq
u
est
f
o
r
n
e
w
m
o
d
u
le
b
y
J
ir
taa
o
r
lo
ad
in
g
a
less
en
er
g
y
i
n
te
n
s
i
v
e
m
o
d
u
le
(
)
.
=
“
Mu
ltiMed
ia2
”
w
h
o
s
e
(
)
.
=
“
Me
d
iu
m
”
.
L
e
v
el
6
:
J
ir
taa
th
at
is
i
n
te
n
d
in
g
to
u
s
e
a
n
e
x
ter
n
al
s
er
v
er
an
t
icip
ates
th
at
E
D
R
ap
p
w
i
ll
u
s
e
th
e
s
a
m
e
ex
ter
n
al
s
er
v
er
,
w
h
en
n
ea
r
i
n
g
a
p
ar
ticu
lar
lo
ca
tio
n
.
T
h
e
s
u
b
-
g
o
al
f
o
r
th
is
co
llab
o
r
atio
n
is
to
d
ec
r
ea
s
e
th
e
co
s
t
o
f
u
s
i
n
g
E
x
ter
n
al
s
er
v
er
b
y
th
e
u
s
er
.
B
ased
o
n
th
e
w
o
r
k
s
i
n
th
e
f
ield
o
f
M
A
S
r
eg
ar
d
in
g
b
elief
s
,
d
esire
s
an
d
in
te
n
tio
n
s
[
3
2
]
w
e
ca
n
d
ef
i
n
e
a
b
elief
f
u
n
ctio
n
(
(
,
,
)
)
=
(
J
ir
taa
b
eliev
es
E
DR
ap
p
w
il
l
n
ee
d
s
er
v
er
in
th
e
f
u
t
u
r
e)
.
T
h
e
co
o
p
er
atio
n
is
d
ef
in
ed
b
y
th
e
o
b
j
ec
tiv
e:
(
(
)
)
=
(
(
)
)
(
1
0
)
S
u
c
h
th
at
t
h
e
co
m
b
i
n
ed
n
ee
d
s
o
f
J
ir
taa
an
d
E
DR
ap
p
ar
e
m
et
, w
h
er
e
:
−
b
e
th
e
to
tal
ti
m
e
(
in
m
i
n
u
tes)
f
o
r
w
h
ic
h
th
e
s
er
v
er
is
lea
s
ed
.
−
is
th
e
p
r
icin
g
f
u
n
ctio
n
.
−
(
)
r
ef
er
s
to
th
e
co
s
t f
u
n
ctio
n
w
i
t
h
th
e
i
m
p
ac
t o
f
co
llab
o
r
atio
n
.
J
ir
taa
w
ill
n
eg
o
tiate
w
i
th
E
D
R
ap
p
o
n
w
h
o
w
ill
co
n
tr
ac
t
th
e
le
asin
g
an
d
f
o
r
h
o
w
lo
n
g
ti
m
e
th
e
e
x
ter
n
a
l
s
er
v
ice
p
r
o
v
id
er
’
s
s
er
v
ice
w
i
ll
b
e
ac
q
u
ir
ed
.
As
p
er
n
e
g
o
tiatio
n
J
ir
taa
w
ill
lease
th
e
s
er
v
ice
s
o
f
t
h
e
s
er
v
er
tak
in
g
in
to
co
n
s
id
er
atio
n
t
h
e
n
ee
d
s
o
f
E
DR
ap
p
.
Fo
r
a
p
ar
ticu
lar
ti
m
e,
E
DR
ap
p
w
ill
r
e
f
r
ain
f
r
o
m
n
eg
o
tiati
n
g
th
e
s
a
m
e
s
er
v
ice.
C
o
llab
o
r
atio
n
Go
al
ca
n
b
e
f
o
r
m
u
lated
as
[
3
3
]
:
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
T
E
L
KOM
NI
K
A
T
elec
o
m
m
u
n
C
o
m
p
u
t E
l
C
o
n
tr
o
l
Ta
xo
n
o
my
o
f c
o
o
p
era
tive
a
d
a
p
ta
tio
n
leve
l fo
r
co
o
p
era
tive
…
(
B
erh
a
n
yiku
n
A
ma
n
u
el
Geb
r
esela
s
s
ie
)
509
(
(
⌈
+
ℎ
⌉
)
)
(
1
1
)
w
h
er
e:
−
is
J
ir
taa
’
s
r
eq
u
ir
ed
s
er
v
ice
ti
m
e
(
=
45
).
−
is
th
e
a
n
ticip
ated
lease
ti
m
e
o
f
E
DR
ap
p
.
L
e
v
el
7
:
J
ir
taa,
E
DR
ap
p
an
d
a
s
et
o
f
o
th
er
ap
p
licatio
n
s
ca
n
g
r
o
u
p
to
g
eth
er
to
d
ev
elo
p
an
d
m
ai
n
tai
n
a
g
lo
b
al
m
o
d
el
o
f
th
e
u
s
er
,
p
ar
ticu
lar
l
y
h
i
s
/
h
er
in
ter
ac
tio
n
.
L
et
d
en
o
te
th
e
s
tate
o
f
t
h
e
u
s
er
,
an
d
is
t
h
e
cu
r
r
e
n
t
ti
m
e:
a
u
s
er
s
tate
v
ec
to
r
(
)
en
ca
p
s
u
late
t
h
e
u
s
er
’
s
p
r
o
p
er
ty
at
t
i
m
e
.
T
h
is
v
ec
to
r
ca
n
co
m
b
in
e:
−
P
r
ef
er
en
ce
s
(
)
:
a
v
e
cto
r
o
f
le
ar
n
ed
p
r
ef
er
en
ce
s
.
=
[
1
,
2
,
…
,
]
w
h
er
e
co
u
ld
b
e
a
s
co
r
e
f
o
r
a
co
n
ten
t c
ate
g
o
r
y
,
a
p
r
ef
er
r
ed
n
o
tif
icatio
n
f
r
eq
u
e
n
c
y
,
a
n
d
a
UI
d
en
s
it
y
p
r
ef
er
e
n
ce
.
−
C
o
n
te
x
t
(
)
:
a
v
ec
to
r
o
f
i
n
f
er
r
ed
co
n
tex
t
u
al
attr
ib
u
tes.
=
[
1
,
2
,
…
,
]
,
w
h
er
e
co
u
ld
b
e
cu
r
r
en
t
ac
tiv
it
y
,
e.
g
.
,
,
,
;
lo
ca
tio
n
t
y
p
e
e.
g
.
,
ℎ
,
,
]
;
an
d
d
ev
ice
s
tate
_
,
_
.
−
Go
als/
i
n
ten
t
io
n
s
(
)
:
a
v
ec
to
r
r
e
p
r
esen
tin
g
t
h
e
in
f
er
r
ed
cu
r
r
en
t
g
o
al
o
r
task
.
=
[
1
,
2
,
…
,
]
,
w
h
er
e
co
u
ld
b
e
th
e
p
r
o
b
ab
ilit
y
o
f
e
n
g
ag
i
n
g
in
a
s
p
ec
if
ic
ta
s
k
(
e.
g
.
,
[
,
,
]
−
C
o
g
n
iti
v
e
l
o
ad
(
)
:
A
s
ca
lar
o
r
v
ec
to
r
r
ep
r
esen
tin
g
th
e
i
n
f
er
r
ed
co
g
n
iti
v
e
lo
ad
o
r
atten
tio
n
al
s
tate
o
f
th
e
u
s
er
[
3
4
]
∈
[
0
,
1
]
.
h
en
ce
,
(
)
=
(
,
,
,
)
(
1
2
)
d
ef
in
e
s
th
e
u
s
er
s
ta
te
v
ec
to
r
al
ig
n
in
g
w
it
h
o
u
r
p
r
ev
io
u
s
r
ep
r
esen
tat
io
n
o
f
co
n
te
x
t i
n
(
2
)
.
If
(
)
=
(
(
)
,
(
)
,
(
)
)
is
a
v
ec
to
r
o
f
r
a
w
o
b
s
er
v
at
i
o
n
co
llected
at
ti
m
e
d
r
iv
en
f
r
o
m
u
s
er
in
ter
ac
t
io
n
m
o
d
eli
n
[
3
5
]
,
f
ee
d
b
ac
k
d
r
iv
en
ad
ap
tatio
n
[
3
6
]
an
d
s
en
s
o
r
b
ased
d
ata
f
u
s
io
n
[
3
7
]
.
W
h
er
e
:
−
(
)
c
ap
tu
r
es sen
s
o
r
r
ea
d
in
g
s
,
e.
g
.
GP
S c
o
o
r
d
in
ates,
ac
ce
ler
o
m
et
er
d
ata,
an
d
lig
h
t le
v
el
s
.
−
(
)
i
n
ter
ac
tio
n
lo
g
s
w
it
h
A
M
As,
e.
g
.
C
lic
k
,
s
cr
o
ll,
tex
t i
n
p
u
t,
a
n
d
ti
m
e
i
n
ap
p
.
−
(
)
lo
g
s
ex
p
lici
t f
ee
d
b
ac
k
f
r
o
m
t
h
e
u
s
er
.
T
h
e
m
o
d
el
s
tate
(
)
ca
n
b
e
u
p
d
ated
b
ased
o
n
th
e
n
e
w
o
b
s
er
v
a
tio
n
s
f
o
u
n
d
ed
in
d
y
n
a
m
ic
s
y
s
te
m
u
p
d
ates
[
3
8
]
:
T
h
is
y
ield
s
:
(
+
)
=
(
(
)
,
(
+
)
,
)
(
1
3
)
w
h
er
e:
−
is
a
m
o
d
el
u
p
d
ate
f
u
n
c
tio
n
,
e.
g
.
,
Kal
m
a
n
f
ilter
[
3
8
]
,
B
ay
esia
n
i
n
f
er
en
ce
[
3
9
]
,
an
d
n
eu
r
al
n
e
t
w
o
rk
[
4
0
]
.
−
r
ep
r
esen
t th
e
m
o
d
el
’
s
lear
n
ed
p
ar
am
eter
s
.
C
o
n
s
id
er
in
g
t
h
e
s
tate
o
f
ea
c
h
A
M
A
let
=
{
1
,
2
,
…
,
}
b
e
a
s
et
o
f
m
o
b
ile
ap
p
licatio
n
s
in
th
e
co
o
p
er
atio
n
lev
el
7
an
d
ea
ch
w
it
h
i
ts
o
w
n
i
n
ter
n
al
s
tate
(
)
.
T
h
e
ad
ap
tiv
e
o
u
tp
u
t
f
o
r
ea
ch
a
p
p
licatio
n
b
ased
o
n
(
)
is
g
i
v
en
b
y
(
)
.
T
h
e
ad
ap
tiv
e
o
u
tp
u
t c
an
b
e
ca
lcu
lated
b
y
:
(
)
=
(
(
)
,
(
)
,
)
(
1
4
)
w
h
er
e;
−
is
t
h
e
ad
ap
tatio
n
lo
g
ic
f
u
n
c
tio
n
f
o
r
ap
p
licatio
n
(
e.
g
.
,
a
r
ec
o
m
m
en
d
atio
n
e
n
g
i
n
e,
UI
la
y
o
u
t
alg
o
r
ith
m
,
n
o
tific
atio
n
s
c
h
ed
u
ler
)
.
−
ar
e
’
s
s
p
ec
if
ic
ad
ap
tatio
n
p
ar
am
eter
s
.
T
h
is
en
s
u
r
e
s
c
ohe
r
e
n
c
e
ac
r
o
s
s
ap
p
licati
o
n
s
,
as
th
e
y
all
d
r
a
w
f
r
o
m
th
e
s
a
m
e
(
)
.
Fo
r
ex
am
p
le
in
t
h
e
r
u
n
n
i
n
g
ca
s
e
i
f
t
h
e
u
s
er
is
c
u
r
r
en
tl
y
s
leep
i
n
g
,
all
A
M
As
(
i
n
cl
u
d
in
g
J
ir
taa
an
d
E
D
R
ap
p
)
f
all
b
ac
k
to
a
m
o
d
e
t
h
a
t
u
s
e
s
less
f
r
eq
u
e
n
t n
o
ti
f
icat
io
n
.
T
h
is
is
f
u
r
th
er
ill
u
s
tr
ated
in
Fi
g
u
r
e
4
.
Fin
all
y
,
w
e
ca
n
en
v
is
io
n
b
e
a
v
ar
iab
le
r
ep
r
esen
ti
n
g
t
h
e
le
v
el
o
f
co
o
p
er
atio
n
,
tak
in
g
v
a
lu
e
s
f
r
o
m
a
p
r
ed
ef
in
ed
o
r
d
er
e
d
s
et:
∈
{
0
,
1
,
2
,
3
,
4
,
5
,
6
,
7
}
(
1
5
)
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