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m
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er
Science
Vo
l.
41
,
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.
3
,
Ma
r
ch
20
26
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p
p
.
1
1
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tab
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ass
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d
with
th
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eq
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o
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g
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f
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tem
[
1
]
,
[
2
]
.
T
h
e
n
etw
o
r
k
f
r
eq
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cy
b
eg
in
s
t
o
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ase
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ld
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7
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1
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.
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p
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im
ar
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eq
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en
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r
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g
u
lato
r
s
,
with
av
ailab
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p
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eser
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es,
to
r
esto
r
e
th
e
r
ated
f
r
e
q
u
en
c
y
[
3
]
-
[
5
]
.
In
p
o
wer
s
y
s
tem
s
with
a
p
r
ed
o
m
i
n
an
t
s
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m
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(
win
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d
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la
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ts
)
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d
a
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all
s
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to
t
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id
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t
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o
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s
y
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Pre
v
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s
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tu
d
ies
[
1
]
,
[
2
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,
[
6
]
d
is
cu
s
s
th
e
ap
p
licatio
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o
f
d
o
u
b
ly
f
ed
i
n
d
u
ctio
n
g
e
n
er
ato
r
(
DFI
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in
p
r
im
ar
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f
r
eq
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n
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c
o
n
tr
o
l
a
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d
s
u
m
m
ar
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esear
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DF
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G
in
er
tia
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tr
o
l
in
win
d
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wer
.
L
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et
a
l.
[
2
]
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
an
alg
o
r
ith
m
f
o
r
i
n
er
tial
co
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tr
o
l
o
f
a
win
d
f
ar
m
b
ased
o
n
a
d
u
al
-
f
ed
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n
c
h
r
o
n
o
u
s
g
e
n
er
ato
r
to
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
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N
:
2
5
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52
I
n
d
o
n
esian
J
E
lec
E
n
g
&
C
o
m
p
Sci
,
Vo
l.
41
,
No
.
3
,
Ma
r
ch
20
26
:
1
1
1
7
-
1
1
2
3
1118
m
ain
tain
th
e
n
etwo
r
k
f
r
eq
u
en
cy
d
u
r
in
g
s
tr
o
n
g
d
is
tu
r
b
an
ce
s
.
Vid
y
an
an
d
a
n
an
d
Sen
r
o
y
[
7
]
co
n
clu
d
e
d
th
at
b
y
ad
ju
s
tin
g
th
e
p
ar
am
ete
r
s
o
f
t
h
e
s
y
n
th
etic
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n
er
tia
co
n
tr
o
ller
,
it
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p
o
s
s
ib
le
to
en
s
u
r
e
n
o
t
o
n
ly
th
e
r
eq
u
i
r
ed
in
er
tial
r
esp
o
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s
e,
b
u
t
also
to
i
m
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h
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tr
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t
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o
f
p
o
wer
s
y
s
tem
s
.
Mo
r
r
en
et
a
l.
[
8
]
s
tu
d
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d
th
e
in
f
lu
en
ce
o
f
d
if
f
er
en
t
le
v
els
o
f
m
in
im
u
m
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s
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E
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r
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a
n
d
in
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ch
s
y
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ch
r
o
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o
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s
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eg
io
n
.
Key
f
in
d
in
g
s
s
h
o
wed
t
h
at
in
cr
ea
s
in
g
in
er
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s
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ts
ar
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d
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p
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all
elec
tr
icity
g
en
er
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n
co
s
ts
,
r
ed
u
ctio
n
s
in
r
en
ewa
b
le
en
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r
g
y
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d
ca
r
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x
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ac
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E
u
r
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p
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2.
M
E
T
H
O
D
A
p
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s
s
ib
le
s
o
lu
tio
n
to
im
p
r
o
v
e
f
r
eq
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s
tab
ilit
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is
to
eq
u
ip
win
d
tu
r
b
in
es
with
a
s
o
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ca
lled
“sy
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at
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tr
o
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itio
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to
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o
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tech
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a
win
d
t
u
r
b
in
e.
Fo
r
eig
n
s
tu
d
ies
h
av
e
s
h
o
wn
th
at
a
s
y
n
th
e
tic
m
o
m
en
t
o
f
in
er
tia
ca
n
k
ee
p
th
e
s
y
s
tem
s
tab
le
u
n
til
th
e
p
r
i
m
ar
y
f
r
eq
u
e
n
cy
r
eg
u
lato
r
co
m
es
in
to
ef
f
ec
t
[
4
]
-
[
6
]
.
Fig
u
r
e
1
s
h
o
ws
a
b
lo
ck
d
iag
r
am
o
f
ac
tiv
e
p
o
wer
co
n
tr
o
l
o
f
a
w
in
d
p
o
we
r
p
lan
t
(
W
P
P
)
[
9
]
.
Fig
u
r
e
1
.
W
in
d
tu
r
b
in
e
g
en
er
a
to
r
co
n
tr
o
ller
s
y
s
tem
.
T
h
e
tu
r
b
in
e
b
lad
e
a
n
g
le
c
o
n
tr
o
l
s
tr
u
ctu
r
e
u
s
es
a
p
r
o
p
o
r
tio
n
al
in
teg
r
al
(
PI
)
co
n
tr
o
ller
th
at
tak
es
in
to
ac
co
u
n
t
th
e
er
r
o
r
b
etwe
e
n
th
e
ac
tu
al
an
d
r
ef
er
en
ce
g
en
er
at
o
r
p
o
wer
.
T
h
e
tu
r
b
i
n
e
b
lad
e
r
o
t
atio
n
an
g
le
co
n
tr
o
l
o
u
tp
u
t
is
f
ed
to
th
e
m
ec
h
an
ic
al
co
n
tr
o
l
s
y
s
tem
.
T
h
e
r
m
in
,
r
m
ax
c
o
r
r
esp
o
n
d
to
th
e
m
i
n
i
m
u
m
a
n
d
m
ax
im
u
m
s
p
ee
d
o
f
r
o
tatio
n
o
f
th
e
tu
r
b
i
n
e
b
lad
e
[
1
0
]
,
[
1
1
]
.
T
h
e
m
ec
h
an
ical
p
o
wer
(
Pm
)
o
f
a
tu
r
b
in
e
is
a
f
u
n
ctio
n
o
f
th
r
ee
in
p
u
t
v
ar
iab
les
s
u
ch
as
p
itch
an
g
le
(
b
eta)
,
win
d
s
p
ee
d
(
Vw)
an
d
r
o
to
r
s
p
ee
d
(
ω
)
.
T
h
e
r
o
tatio
n
s
p
ee
d
o
f
th
e
win
d
tu
r
b
i
n
e
is
n
o
t
s
y
n
ch
r
o
n
o
u
s
with
th
e
g
r
id
an
d
is
c
o
n
tr
o
lled
to
m
ax
im
ize
ac
tiv
e
p
o
wer
p
r
o
d
u
ctio
n
.
T
h
e
win
d
tu
r
b
in
e
g
en
e
r
ato
r
is
in
h
e
r
en
tly
s
ep
ar
ated
f
r
o
m
t
h
e
g
r
i
d
[
1
2
]
.
T
h
e
s
y
n
th
etic
i
n
er
tia
co
n
tr
o
l
s
tr
u
ctu
r
e
is
to
d
etec
t
s
ig
n
i
f
ican
t
f
r
eq
u
en
cy
d
ip
s
,
an
d
te
m
p
o
r
ar
ily
in
cr
ea
s
e
th
e
p
o
wer
o
f
th
e
win
d
tu
r
b
in
e
,
s
in
ce
th
e
win
d
tu
r
b
i
n
e
ca
n
q
u
ick
ly
s
to
r
e
a
n
d
r
elea
s
e
lar
g
e
am
o
u
n
ts
o
f
k
in
etic
en
er
g
y
f
r
o
m
th
e
r
o
tat
in
g
m
ass
es
th
r
o
u
g
h
t
h
e
p
o
we
r
elec
tr
o
n
ic
co
n
v
er
te
r
.
Ho
we
v
er
,
th
e
r
elea
s
e
o
f
en
er
g
y
in
to
th
e
n
etwo
r
k
is
p
o
s
s
ib
le
o
n
ly
f
o
r
a
s
h
o
r
t
p
er
io
d
o
f
tim
e
(
u
p
to
3
0
s
ec
o
n
d
s
)
,
an
d
th
e
s
u
b
s
eq
u
en
t
r
esto
r
atio
n
o
f
th
e
p
o
wer
o
f
th
e
win
d
tu
r
b
in
e
is
en
s
u
r
ed
b
y
th
e
n
etwo
r
k
[
1
3
]
,
[
1
4
]
.
T
h
e
in
cr
ea
s
e
in
s
y
n
th
etic
in
er
tia
is
ac
h
iev
ed
b
y
r
ap
id
ly
i
n
cr
ea
s
in
g
th
e
g
e
n
er
ato
r
t
o
r
q
u
e
as th
e
n
etwo
r
k
f
r
eq
u
e
n
cy
d
ec
r
ea
s
es,
wh
ich
lead
s
to
a
d
ec
r
ea
s
e
i
n
th
e
r
o
tatio
n
s
p
ee
d
o
f
th
e
win
d
tu
r
b
i
n
e.
T
h
e
r
ed
u
ctio
n
i
n
r
o
t
o
r
s
p
ee
d
is
th
e
r
esu
lt
o
f
co
n
v
er
tin
g
th
e
k
in
etic
e
n
er
g
y
o
f
th
e
r
o
to
r
in
to
elec
tr
ical
e
n
er
g
y
.
T
h
e
d
i
s
ad
v
an
tag
e
o
f
th
is
co
n
v
er
s
io
n
is
th
at
th
e
in
e
r
tial
r
esp
o
n
s
e
is
f
o
llo
wed
b
y
a
r
ec
o
v
er
y
p
er
i
o
d
d
u
r
i
n
g
wh
ich
t
h
e
win
d
tu
r
b
in
e
g
e
n
er
ato
r
p
r
o
d
u
ce
s
less
p
o
wer
i
n
o
r
d
er
to
ac
ce
ler
ate
th
e
r
o
to
r
to
o
p
tim
al
s
p
ee
d
.
T
h
er
e
is
also
a
r
is
k
th
at
th
e
r
o
to
r
s
p
ee
d
will
d
r
o
p
to
o
m
u
ch
(
e.
g
.
b
elo
w
cu
t
-
in
s
p
ee
d
)
,
ca
u
s
in
g
t
h
e
win
d
tu
r
b
i
n
e
to
s
h
u
t d
o
wn
[
1
5
]
,
[
1
6
]
.
T
o
im
p
lem
e
n
t
v
i
r
tu
al
in
e
r
tia
i
n
win
d
tu
r
b
in
e
g
e
n
er
ato
r
s
,
it
i
s
n
ec
ess
ar
y
to
u
n
d
er
s
tan
d
t
h
e
m
ec
h
an
is
m
o
f
win
d
e
n
er
g
y
co
n
v
er
s
io
n
.
W
in
d
p
o
wer
ca
n
b
e
ex
p
r
ess
ed
as
[
1
7
]
:
=
1
2
⋅
⋅
⋅
3
(
1
)
T
h
e
p
ar
am
eter
s
ρ
,
A
an
d
v
wind
ar
e
th
e
air
d
en
s
ity
[
k
g
/m
3
]
,
r
o
to
r
co
v
er
a
g
e
[
m
2
]
a
n
d
win
d
s
p
ee
d
[
m
/s
]
r
e
s
p
e
c
t
i
v
e
l
y
.
T
h
e
s
h
a
r
e
o
f
w
i
n
d
e
n
e
r
g
y
c
o
n
v
e
r
t
e
d
i
n
t
o
k
i
n
e
t
i
c
e
n
e
r
g
y
i
s
c
a
l
l
e
d
t
h
e
p
o
w
e
r
f
a
c
t
o
r
C
p
(
β
,
λ
)
[
1
8
]
,
[
1
9
]
.
T
h
e
p
o
wer
f
ac
to
r
h
as
a
th
eo
r
etic
al
u
p
p
er
lim
it
o
f
0
.
5
9
3
,
wh
ich
is
ca
lled
th
e
B
etz
lim
i
t.
T
h
e
p
o
wer
f
ac
to
r
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
d
o
n
esian
J
E
lec
E
n
g
&
C
o
m
p
Sci
I
SS
N:
2
5
0
2
-
4
7
52
S
yn
th
etic
in
erti
a
co
n
tr
o
ller
o
f
a
w
in
d
p
o
w
er p
la
n
t
a
s
a
mea
n
s
o
f
… (
Ma
kh
mu
d
o
v
To
kh
ir
F
a
r
kh
a
d
o
vich
)
1119
d
ep
en
d
s
o
n
th
e
a
n
g
le
o
f
in
cli
n
atio
n
o
f
th
e
tu
r
b
in
e
b
lad
es
β
an
d
th
e
r
atio
o
f
th
e
tu
r
b
in
e
b
l
ad
e
tip
s
p
ee
d
to
th
e
ac
tu
al
win
d
s
p
ee
d
λ
.
T
h
e
eq
u
a
tio
n
f
o
r
ca
lcu
latin
g
th
e
c
o
ef
f
ic
ien
t λ is
as f
o
llo
ws
[
2
0
]
:
=
⋅
(
2
)
wh
er
e
ω
rotor
d
e
n
o
tes
th
e
r
o
to
r
r
o
tatio
n
s
p
ee
d
in
[
r
ad
/s
]
,
R
rotor
i
s
th
e
r
o
to
r
len
g
th
in
[
m
]
.
Ma
x
i
m
u
m
p
o
wer
p
o
in
t
tr
ac
k
in
g
(
MPPT)
m
u
s
t
ch
a
n
g
e
th
e
r
o
to
r
s
p
ee
d
in
p
r
o
p
o
r
tio
n
to
th
e
win
d
s
p
ee
d
alo
n
g
with
th
e
p
itch
an
g
le
o
f
th
e
b
lad
es
to
f
i
n
d
th
e
m
ax
im
u
m
p
o
wer
f
ac
to
r
[
2
1
]
.
B
y
ad
d
in
g
th
e
p
o
wer
f
ac
to
r
to
(
1
)
,
th
e
m
ec
h
an
ical
p
o
wer
d
r
iv
in
g
t
h
e
g
en
e
r
ato
r
is
ca
lcu
l
ated
as f
o
llo
ws
[
2
2
]
:
ℎ
=
1
2
⋅
(
,
)
⋅
⋅
⋅
3
(
3
)
T
o
d
eter
m
i
n
e
th
e
o
p
tim
al
b
la
d
e
an
g
le,
as
well
as
th
e
r
elatio
n
s
h
ip
b
etwe
e
n
m
ec
h
a
n
ical
p
o
wer
,
win
d
s
p
ee
d
an
d
r
o
to
r
s
p
ee
d
.
Fig
u
r
e
2
s
h
o
ws
th
e
o
p
tim
al
MPPT
t
r
ajec
to
r
y
o
n
th
e
ex
am
p
le
o
f
t
h
e
ch
a
r
ac
ter
is
tic
o
f
th
e
d
ep
en
d
e
n
ce
o
f
m
ec
h
a
n
ical
p
o
wer
o
n
th
e
tu
r
b
i
n
e
s
p
ee
d
[
2
3
]
,
[
2
4
]
.
As
illu
s
tr
ated
in
Fig
u
r
e
2
,
d
ep
en
d
in
g
o
n
th
e
win
d
s
p
ee
d
,
th
er
e
is
a
tu
r
b
in
e
r
o
to
r
s
p
ee
d
at
wh
ich
th
e
m
ax
im
u
m
m
ec
h
an
ical
p
o
wer
is
g
en
er
ated
at
th
e
g
en
er
ato
r
in
p
u
t.
Fig
u
r
e
2
.
T
u
r
b
in
e
p
o
wer
c
h
ar
a
cter
is
tics
2
.
1
.
Sy
nthet
ic
inert
ia
c
o
ntr
o
ller
m
o
del
Fig
u
r
e
3
s
h
o
ws
th
e
p
o
wer
co
n
tr
o
l
s
ch
em
e
o
f
th
e
win
d
tu
r
b
in
e,
tak
in
g
in
to
ac
co
u
n
t
th
e
m
o
d
el
o
f
th
e
s
y
n
th
etic
in
er
tia
co
n
tr
o
ller
.
T
h
is
s
ch
em
e
is
a
win
d
tu
r
b
in
e
co
n
tr
o
l
s
y
s
tem
tak
in
g
in
to
ac
co
u
n
t
two
-
cir
cu
it
s
y
n
th
etic
in
er
tia
r
eg
u
lato
r
.
T
h
e
m
ec
h
an
ical
p
ar
t
o
f
th
e
co
n
tr
o
l
s
y
s
tem
co
n
s
is
ts
o
f
co
n
tr
o
llin
g
th
e
an
g
le
o
f
r
o
tatio
n
o
f
th
e
win
d
tu
r
b
in
e
b
l
ad
es
to
en
s
u
r
e
th
e
MPPT.
I
n
t
h
is
ca
s
e,
a
s
ig
n
al
o
f
th
e
m
ec
h
an
ical
p
o
wer
o
f
t
h
e
tu
r
b
in
e
P
mech
,
s
u
m
m
ed
with
t
h
e
o
u
tp
u
t
o
f
th
e
in
er
tia
r
eg
u
l
ato
r
Δ
P,
is
s
u
p
p
lied
to
th
e
in
p
u
t
o
f
t
h
e
elec
tr
ical
p
ar
t
,
i.e
.
,
th
e
g
en
e
r
ato
r
.
Fig
u
r
e
3
.
W
PP
m
o
d
el
with
s
y
n
th
etic
in
er
tia
co
n
tr
o
ller
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
5
0
2
-
4
7
52
I
n
d
o
n
esian
J
E
lec
E
n
g
&
C
o
m
p
Sci
,
Vo
l.
41
,
No
.
3
,
Ma
r
ch
20
26
:
1
1
1
7
-
1
1
2
3
1120
T
h
e
f
ilter
in
th
e
s
y
n
th
etic
in
er
tia
r
eg
u
lato
r
cir
cu
it
is
d
esig
n
ed
to
s
u
p
p
r
ess
n
o
is
e
an
d
in
ter
f
er
en
ce
an
d
im
p
r
o
v
e
th
e
s
tab
ilit
y
o
f
th
e
r
e
g
u
lato
r
.
T
h
e
g
ain
K1
o
f
th
e
d
i
f
f
er
en
tial
c
h
an
n
el
o
f
th
e
r
eg
u
l
ato
r
is
d
esig
n
ed
t
o
am
p
lify
th
e
r
ate
o
f
ch
an
g
e
o
f
f
r
eq
u
en
c
y
s
ig
n
al.
At
th
e
s
am
e
t
im
e,
ex
ce
s
s
iv
ely
lar
g
e
v
al
u
es
o
f
th
e
g
ain
K1
ca
n
lead
to
a
s
ig
n
if
ican
t
ac
ce
ler
at
io
n
o
f
th
e
tu
r
b
i
n
e
r
o
tatio
n
,
w
h
ich
will
af
f
ec
t
th
e
m
ec
h
a
n
ic
al
p
ar
t
o
f
th
e
win
d
tu
r
b
in
e.
L
ar
g
e
v
alu
es
o
f
t
h
e
c
o
ef
f
icien
t
K2
ca
n
lead
to
a
s
h
ar
p
d
r
o
p
in
t
h
e
s
p
ee
d
o
f
r
o
tati
o
n
o
f
th
e
tu
r
b
in
e.
As
a
r
esu
lt,
th
e
tu
r
b
i
n
e
m
ay
n
o
t
r
esto
r
e
th
e
o
r
i
g
in
al
m
o
d
e
o
f
o
p
er
atio
n
af
ter
th
e
d
is
tu
r
b
an
ce
is
r
em
o
v
ed
.
Sm
all
v
alu
es o
f
th
e
g
ain
s
r
ed
u
ce
th
e
ef
f
icien
cy
o
f
th
e
s
y
n
t
h
etic
in
er
tia
co
n
tr
o
ller
[
2
5
]
-
[
2
7
]
.
3.
RE
SU
L
T
S AN
D
D
I
SCU
SS
I
O
N
I
m
p
l
em
en
t
th
e
win
d
tu
r
b
in
e
m
o
d
el
tak
in
g
in
to
ac
co
u
n
t
th
e
s
y
n
th
etic
in
er
tia
co
n
tr
o
ller
(
F
ig
u
r
e
3
)
in
th
e
DI
g
Sil
en
t
Po
wer
Facto
r
y
s
o
f
twar
e
p
ac
k
a
g
e.
W
e
to
o
k
th
e
g
ain
K
1
eq
u
al
to
9
,
an
d
K
2
eq
u
al
to
2
5
W
e
in
v
esti
g
ated
th
e
ef
f
ec
t
o
f
s
y
n
t
h
etic
in
er
tia
o
n
s
tab
ilit
y
u
s
in
g
th
e
ex
am
p
le
o
f
a
test
m
o
d
el
o
f
an
elec
tr
ic
p
o
wer
s
y
s
tem
s
h
o
wn
in
Fig
u
r
e
4
.
T
h
e
in
itial d
ata
o
f
th
e
s
y
s
tem
u
n
d
er
s
tu
d
y
ar
e
g
iv
en
i
n
T
ab
les 1
-
3.
Fig
u
r
e.
4
.
T
est p
o
wer
s
y
s
tem
m
o
d
el
T
ab
le
1
.
Par
am
eter
s
o
f
g
en
e
r
at
o
r
s
G1
-
G3
P
nom
,
MW
c
o
s
φ
no
m
U
nom
,
kV
X
d
,
p
.
u
.
X
’
d
,
p
.
u.
T
j
,
s
e
c
.
2
0
0
0
.
8
5
1
5
.
7
5
1
.
8
4
0
.
2
9
5
6
.
4
T
ab
le
2
.
Po
wer
lin
e
p
ar
am
eter
s
Li
n
e
W
i
r
e
t
y
p
e
Le
n
g
t
h
k
m
U
nom
,
kV
Х
0
(
O
h
m
/
k
m
)
5
-
6
AS
-
2
4
0
/
32
60
2
2
0
0
,
4
3
5
5
-
7
AS
-
2
4
0
/
32
30
2
2
0
0
,
4
3
5
6
-
7
AS
-
2
4
0
/
32
45
2
2
0
0
,
4
3
5
N
o
t
e
.
A
S
–
2
4
0
/
3
2
:
A
-
a
l
u
m
i
n
u
m
c
o
n
d
u
c
t
o
r
,
S
-
st
e
e
l
c
o
r
e
,
2
4
0
-
c
r
o
ss
-
sec
t
i
o
n
o
f
t
h
e
a
l
u
mi
n
u
m
p
a
r
t
,
3
2
-
c
r
o
ss
-
se
c
t
i
o
n
o
f
t
h
e
st
e
e
l
p
a
r
t
.
T
ab
le
3
.
Par
am
eter
s
o
f
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
er
s
Tr
a
n
sf
o
r
mer
Ty
p
e
U
k
(
%
)
Т
-
1
TD
S
-
2
5
0
0
0
0
/
2
4
2
/
1
5
.
7
5
11
Т
-
2
TD
S
-
2
5
0
0
0
0
/
2
4
2
/
1
5
.
7
5
11
Т
-
3
TD
S
-
2
5
0
0
0
0
/
2
4
2
/
1
5
.
7
5
11
T
-
4
TD
S
-
40
0
0
0
0
/
2
4
2
/
1
5
.
7
5
11
N
o
t
e
.
TD
S
-
2
5
0
0
0
0
/
2
4
2
/
1
5
.
7
5
:
o
i
l
p
o
w
e
r
t
h
r
e
e
-
p
h
a
se
t
w
o
-
w
i
n
d
i
n
g
w
i
t
h
f
o
r
c
e
d
c
i
r
c
u
l
a
t
i
o
n
o
f
a
i
r
a
n
d
o
i
l
,
2
5
0
0
0
0
-
r
a
t
e
d
p
o
w
e
r
i
n
k
V
A
,
2
4
2
/
1
5
.
7
5
-
v
a
l
u
e
s
o
f
r
a
t
e
d
v
o
l
t
a
g
e
s
o
f
H
V
a
n
d
LV
w
i
n
d
i
n
g
s
i
n
k
V
.
T
o
n
o
d
e
7
o
f
t
h
e
s
y
s
tem
(
Fig
u
r
e
4
)
,
in
s
tead
o
f
g
en
e
r
ato
r
3
,
we
co
n
n
ec
t
ed
a
win
d
t
u
r
b
in
e
o
f
th
e
th
ir
d
ty
p
e
(
DFI
G)
with
a
ca
p
ac
ity
o
f
4
0
0
MW.
T
h
u
s
,
th
e
s
y
s
tem
h
ad
a
s
ig
n
if
ican
t
s
h
a
r
e
o
f
win
d
g
e
n
er
atio
n
.
T
h
e
f
ir
s
t
ex
p
er
im
en
t
was
to
c
o
n
n
e
ct
a
2
0
0
MW
lo
ad
to
b
u
s
7
a
n
d
ev
al
u
ate
th
e
b
eh
a
v
io
r
o
f
th
e
s
y
n
th
etic
i
n
er
tia
co
n
tr
o
ller
.
Fig
u
r
e
5
s
h
o
ws
th
e
f
r
eq
u
e
n
cy
c
h
an
g
e
cu
r
v
es
o
f
th
e
s
y
s
tem
d
u
r
i
n
g
lo
a
d
s
u
r
g
e
,
it
is
o
b
v
io
u
s
th
at
with
th
e
in
tr
o
d
u
ctio
n
o
f
a
p
o
wer
f
u
l
win
d
t
u
r
b
in
e
,
th
e
to
tal
in
er
tia
o
f
th
e
s
y
s
tem
d
ec
r
ea
s
es
an
d
a
m
o
r
e
s
ig
n
if
ican
t d
ec
r
ea
s
e
in
f
r
eq
u
e
n
cy
o
cc
u
r
s
(
c
u
r
v
e
3
)
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
d
o
n
esian
J
E
lec
E
n
g
&
C
o
m
p
Sci
I
SS
N:
2
5
0
2
-
4
7
52
S
yn
th
etic
in
erti
a
co
n
tr
o
ller
o
f
a
w
in
d
p
o
w
er p
la
n
t
a
s
a
mea
n
s
o
f
… (
Ma
kh
mu
d
o
v
To
kh
ir
F
a
r
kh
a
d
o
vich
)
1121
Fig
u
r
e
5
.
Fre
q
u
en
cy
ch
an
g
e
c
u
r
v
es d
u
r
in
g
lo
a
d
s
u
r
g
e
(
1
–
w
ith
o
u
t w
in
d
tu
r
b
in
es; 2
–
win
d
tu
r
b
in
es with
s
y
n
th
etic
in
er
tia,
K1
=9
,
K2
=2
5
; 3
–
win
d
tu
r
b
in
es with
s
y
n
t
h
etic
in
er
tia,
K1
=9
,
K
2
=5
5
;
4
–
win
d
tu
r
b
in
es
with
o
u
t sy
n
th
etic
in
er
tia)
I
n
th
e
p
r
esen
ce
o
f
a
s
y
n
t
h
etic
in
er
tia
co
n
tr
o
ller
(
cu
r
v
e
2
)
,
t
h
e
f
r
eq
u
en
cy
r
ed
u
ctio
n
d
ec
r
ea
s
es,
wh
ich
in
d
icate
s
th
e
co
n
tr
ib
u
tio
n
o
f
t
h
e
win
d
tu
r
b
in
e
to
th
e
to
tal
in
er
tia
o
f
th
e
s
y
s
tem
d
u
r
in
g
tr
an
s
ien
t
co
n
d
itio
n
s
.
I
n
th
e
ab
s
en
ce
o
f
a
win
d
tu
r
b
in
e
(
cu
r
v
e
1
)
,
th
e
f
r
e
q
u
en
c
y
v
alu
e
is
s
o
m
ewh
at
h
ig
h
er
,
wh
ich
i
s
ex
p
lain
ed
b
y
th
e
f
ac
t
th
at
th
e
G1
-
G3
g
e
n
er
at
o
r
s
h
av
e
p
r
im
ar
y
f
r
eq
u
e
n
cy
co
n
tr
o
ller
s
.
T
h
e
p
r
esen
ce
o
f
a
s
y
n
th
etic
in
er
tia
r
eg
u
lato
r
(
cu
r
v
e
3
)
i
n
th
e
win
d
tu
r
b
i
n
e
co
n
tr
o
l
s
tr
u
ct
u
r
e
m
a
d
e
it
p
o
s
s
ib
le
to
r
ed
u
ce
f
r
e
q
u
e
n
cy
f
lu
ct
u
atio
n
s
.
A
n
in
cr
ea
s
e
in
th
e
g
ain
K2
(
cu
r
v
e
4
)
le
d
to
a
s
ig
n
if
ica
n
t
d
ec
r
ea
s
e
in
th
e
r
o
tatio
n
s
p
ee
d
o
f
th
e
win
d
tu
r
b
in
e
a
n
d
,
as
a
co
n
s
eq
u
e
n
ce
,
t
o
th
e
d
is
co
n
n
ec
tio
n
o
f
th
e
win
d
tu
r
b
in
e
f
r
o
m
th
e
p
o
wer
s
y
s
tem
an
d
a
f
u
r
th
er
d
ec
r
ea
s
e
i
n
f
r
eq
u
e
n
cy
.
Af
ter
co
n
n
ec
tin
g
a
h
ig
h
-
p
o
wer
lo
ad
to
th
e
p
o
wer
s
y
s
tem
,
th
e
s
y
s
tem
f
r
eq
u
en
cy
d
ec
r
ea
s
ed
to
a
n
ew
s
tead
y
s
tate
b
elo
w
th
e
n
o
m
in
a
l
v
alu
e.
T
h
is
is
ex
p
lain
ed
b
y
t
h
e
im
b
alan
ce
o
f
ac
tiv
e
p
o
wer
ca
u
s
ed
b
y
th
e
lack
o
f
p
o
wer
r
eser
v
es
in
th
e
p
o
w
er
s
y
s
tem
,
as
well
a
s
th
e
lack
o
f
p
r
im
ar
y
f
r
e
q
u
en
c
y
r
eg
u
lat
o
r
s
at
p
o
wer
p
lan
ts
.
T
h
u
s
,
th
e
u
s
e
o
f
tr
a
n
s
ien
t
s
y
n
th
etic
in
er
tia
c
o
n
tr
o
ller
s
ca
n
r
ed
u
ce
s
y
s
tem
f
r
eq
u
e
n
cy
d
ip
s
b
y
a
d
d
in
g
k
i
n
etic
en
er
g
y
t
o
th
e
r
o
tatin
g
win
d
tu
r
b
in
es.
W
e
n
ex
t
ex
p
e
r
im
en
t
ed
with
a
th
r
ee
-
p
h
ase
s
h
o
r
t
cir
cu
it
with
f
u
r
th
er
d
is
co
n
n
ec
tio
n
o
f
lin
e
5
-
6
(
Fig
u
r
e
4
)
.
T
h
e
s
h
o
r
t
cir
cu
it
was
s
im
u
lated
in
th
e
m
id
d
le
o
f
th
e
lin
e,
an
d
th
e
d
u
r
atio
n
o
f
th
e
s
h
o
r
t
cir
cu
it
was
0
.
2
s
ec
.
Fig
u
r
e
6
s
h
o
ws th
e
f
r
eq
u
e
n
cy
c
u
r
v
es o
f
t
h
e
s
y
s
tem
d
u
r
in
g
a
s
h
o
r
t c
ir
cu
it o
n
th
e
lin
e.
Fig
u
r
e
6
.
Fre
q
u
en
cy
ch
an
g
e
c
u
r
v
es d
u
r
in
g
s
h
o
r
t c
ir
cu
it:
Fig
u
r
e
6
(
1
–
with
o
u
t w
in
d
t
u
r
b
in
es; 2
–
win
d
tu
r
b
in
es with
s
y
n
th
etic
in
er
tia,
K1
=9
,
K2
=2
5
; 3
–
win
d
tu
r
b
i
n
es with
s
y
n
th
etic
in
er
tia,
K1
=9
,
K2
=5
5
;
4
–
win
d
tu
r
b
in
es with
o
u
t sy
n
th
eti
c
in
er
tia)
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
5
0
2
-
4
7
52
I
n
d
o
n
esian
J
E
lec
E
n
g
&
C
o
m
p
Sci
,
Vo
l.
41
,
No
.
3
,
Ma
r
ch
20
26
:
1
1
1
7
-
1
1
2
3
1122
I
n
th
e
p
r
esen
ce
o
f
a
win
d
tu
r
b
in
e
s
y
s
tem
with
o
u
t
a
s
y
n
th
etic
in
er
tia
c
o
n
tr
o
ller
,
a
s
ig
n
if
ican
t
in
cr
ea
s
e
in
f
r
e
q
u
en
c
y
was
o
b
s
er
v
e
d
(
c
u
r
v
e
3
)
,
wh
ich
in
d
icate
s
a
n
i
n
cr
ea
s
e
in
t
h
e
ac
ce
ler
atin
g
t
o
r
q
u
e
o
n
th
e
s
h
af
ts
o
f
s
y
n
ch
r
o
n
o
u
s
g
e
n
er
ato
r
s
an
d
,
as
a
r
esu
lt,
a
d
ec
r
ea
s
e
in
d
y
n
am
ic
s
tab
ilit
y
.
I
n
th
e
p
r
esen
ce
o
f
s
y
n
th
etic
in
e
r
tia
(
cu
r
v
e
2
)
,
th
e
am
p
litu
d
e
o
f
f
r
eq
u
en
cy
o
s
cillatio
n
s
d
ec
r
ea
s
e
d
,
wh
ich
is
ass
o
ciate
d
with
th
e
ad
d
itio
n
o
f
i
n
er
tia
to
th
e
s
y
s
tem
.
I
n
th
e
ab
s
en
ce
o
f
win
d
t
u
r
b
in
es
in
th
e
s
y
s
tem
(
cu
r
v
e
1
)
,
f
r
e
q
u
en
c
y
ch
a
n
g
es
wer
e
th
e
s
m
allest
d
u
e
to
th
e
g
r
ea
ter
in
er
tia
o
f
s
y
n
ch
r
o
n
o
u
s
g
en
e
r
ato
r
s
.
B
y
in
cr
ea
s
in
g
t
h
e
g
ai
n
K2
o
f
t
h
e
s
y
n
th
etic
i
n
er
tia
r
eg
u
lato
r
(
c
u
r
v
e
4
)
,
it
was
p
o
s
s
ib
le
to
r
ed
u
ce
th
e
am
p
litu
d
e
o
f
f
r
eq
u
e
n
cy
o
s
cillatio
n
s
.
W
h
en
a
s
h
o
r
t
cir
cu
it
o
cc
u
r
s
,
th
e
s
y
s
tem
f
r
eq
u
en
c
y
in
cr
ea
s
es
s
h
ar
p
ly
,
wh
ich
is
ex
p
lain
ed
b
y
th
e
ap
p
ea
r
a
n
ce
o
f
an
ac
ce
ler
atin
g
to
r
q
u
e
o
n
th
e
s
h
a
f
ts
o
f
s
y
n
ch
r
o
n
o
u
s
g
en
er
ato
r
s
an
d
an
in
c
r
ea
s
e
in
lo
ad
an
g
les.
Af
ter
el
im
in
atin
g
th
e
s
h
o
r
t
cir
cu
it
ass
o
ciate
d
with
d
is
co
n
n
ec
tin
g
th
e
p
o
wer
lin
e,
th
e
n
e
two
r
k
f
r
eq
u
en
cy
was
r
esto
r
ed
to
a
v
alu
e
clo
s
e
to
th
e
n
o
m
in
al
o
n
e.
I
n
th
is
ca
s
e,
t
h
e
s
y
s
tem
r
em
ain
ed
s
tab
le
in
f
r
eq
u
en
c
y
.
4.
CO
NCLU
SI
O
N
T
h
e
s
tu
d
y
s
h
o
ws
th
at
as
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
r
ti
o
n
o
f
W
PP
in
t
h
e
to
tal
g
en
er
atio
n
o
f
p
o
wer
s
y
s
tem
s
i
n
cr
ea
s
es,
th
e
s
y
s
tem
in
er
tia
ag
ain
s
t
ex
ter
n
al
d
is
tu
r
b
an
ce
s
d
ec
lin
es,
lea
d
in
g
to
lar
g
e
r
f
r
e
q
u
en
c
y
f
lu
ctu
atio
n
s
an
d
r
ed
u
ce
d
s
tab
ilit
y
.
T
h
e
u
s
e
o
f
p
r
o
p
er
l
y
tu
n
e
d
win
d
tu
r
b
in
e
s
y
n
t
h
et
ic
in
er
tia
r
eg
u
lato
r
s
ca
n
allo
w
f
o
r
a
s
h
o
r
t
-
ter
m
in
cr
ea
s
e
in
th
e
g
en
e
r
ated
ac
t
iv
e
p
o
wer
b
y
win
d
g
en
er
at
o
r
s
,
th
er
eb
y
co
m
p
en
s
atin
g
f
o
r
th
e
ac
tiv
e
p
o
wer
im
b
alan
ce
in
th
e
p
o
wer
s
y
s
te
m
f
o
r
th
e
tim
e
r
eq
u
ir
ed
f
o
r
th
e
o
p
er
atio
n
o
f
th
e
p
r
im
ar
y
r
eg
u
lato
r
s
o
f
p
o
wer
p
lan
ts
.
T
h
e
d
is
ad
v
an
ta
g
e
o
f
u
s
in
g
s
y
n
th
e
tic
in
er
tia
c
o
n
tr
o
ller
s
is
th
at
th
e
win
d
tu
r
b
in
e
m
ay
co
m
e
to
a
co
m
p
lete
s
to
p
an
d
,
as a
r
esu
lt
m
ay
lead
to
a
f
u
r
t
h
er
d
ec
r
ea
s
e
in
th
e
f
r
e
q
u
en
c
y
o
f
t
h
e
s
y
s
tem
.
RE
F
E
R
E
NC
E
S
[
1
]
Y.
-
K
.
W
u
,
W
.
-
H
.
S
h
u
,
T.
-
Y
.
H
si
e
h
,
a
n
d
T
.
-
C
.
L
e
e
,
“
R
e
v
i
e
w
o
f
i
n
e
r
t
i
a
l
c
o
n
t
r
o
l
m
e
t
h
o
d
s
f
o
r
D
F
I
G
-
b
a
sed
w
i
n
d
t
u
r
b
i
n
e
s,
”
I
n
t
e
r
n
a
t
i
o
n
a
l
J
o
u
r
n
a
l
o
f
E
l
e
c
t
ri
c
a
l
En
e
rg
y
,
v
o
l
.
3
,
n
o
.
3
,
p
p
.
1
7
4
–
1
7
8
,
2
0
1
5
,
d
o
i
:
1
0
.
1
8
1
7
8
/
i
j
o
e
e
.
3
.
3
.
1
7
4
-
1
7
8
.
[
2
]
J
.
Le
e
,
Y
.
C
.
K
a
n
g
,
E.
M
u
l
j
a
d
i
,
a
n
d
P
.
S
o
r
e
n
se
n
,
“
D
r
o
o
p
a
ss
i
g
n
m
e
n
t
a
l
g
o
r
i
t
h
m
f
o
r
t
h
e
i
n
e
r
t
i
a
l
c
o
n
t
r
o
l
o
f
a
D
F
I
G
-
b
a
se
d
w
i
n
d
p
o
w
e
r
p
l
a
n
t
f
o
r
s
u
p
p
o
r
t
i
n
g
t
h
e
g
r
i
d
f
r
e
q
u
e
n
c
y
,
”
i
n
2
0
1
4
I
EEE
S
y
m
p
o
si
u
m
o
n
P
o
w
e
r
El
e
c
t
ro
n
i
c
s
a
n
d
M
a
c
h
i
n
e
s
f
o
r
W
i
n
d
a
n
d
Wa
t
e
r
Ap
p
l
i
c
a
t
i
o
n
s
,
I
EEE,
J
u
l
.
2
0
1
4
,
p
p
.
1
–
5
.
d
o
i
:
1
0
.
1
1
0
9
/
P
E
M
W
A
.
2
0
1
4
.
6
9
1
2
2
2
3
.
[
3
]
R
.
G
.
D
e
A
l
me
i
d
a
a
n
d
J.
A
.
P
e
ç
a
s
Lo
p
e
s,
“
P
r
i
m
a
r
y
f
r
e
q
u
e
n
c
y
c
o
n
t
r
o
l
p
a
r
t
i
c
i
p
a
t
i
o
n
p
r
o
v
i
d
e
d
b
y
d
o
u
b
l
y
f
e
d
i
n
d
u
c
t
i
o
n
w
i
n
d
g
e
n
e
r
a
t
o
r
s
,
”
1
5
t
h
P
o
w
e
r
S
y
st
e
m
s
C
o
m
p
u
t
a
t
i
o
n
C
o
n
f
e
re
n
c
e
,
PS
C
C
2
0
0
5
,
2
0
0
5
.
[
4
]
I
.
D
.
M
a
r
g
a
r
i
s,
S
.
A
.
P
a
p
a
t
h
a
n
a
ssi
o
u
,
N
.
D
.
H
a
t
z
i
a
r
g
y
r
i
o
u
,
A
.
D
.
H
a
n
se
n
,
a
n
d
P
.
S
o
r
e
n
se
n
,
“
F
r
e
q
u
e
n
c
y
C
o
n
t
r
o
l
i
n
A
u
t
o
n
o
mo
u
s
P
o
w
e
r
S
y
s
t
e
ms
W
i
t
h
H
i
g
h
W
i
n
d
P
o
w
e
r
P
e
n
e
t
r
a
t
i
o
n
,
”
I
EEE
T
ra
n
s
a
c
t
i
o
n
s
o
n
S
u
s
t
a
i
n
a
b
l
e
E
n
e
r
g
y
,
v
o
l
.
3
,
n
o
.
2
,
p
p
.
1
8
9
–
1
9
9
,
A
p
r
.
2
0
1
2
,
d
o
i
:
1
0
.
1
1
0
9
/
TSTE
.
2
0
1
1
.
2
1
7
4
6
6
0
.
[
5
]
M
.
F
.
M
.
A
r
a
n
i
a
n
d
Y
.
A
.
-
R
.
I
.
M
o
h
a
med
,
“
A
n
a
l
y
s
i
s
a
n
d
I
mp
a
c
t
s
o
f
I
mp
l
e
men
t
i
n
g
D
r
o
o
p
C
o
n
t
r
o
l
i
n
D
F
I
G
-
B
a
se
d
W
i
n
d
T
u
r
b
i
n
e
s
o
n
M
i
c
r
o
g
r
i
d
/
W
e
a
k
-
G
r
i
d
S
t
a
b
i
l
i
t
y
,
”
I
EEE
T
ra
n
s
a
c
t
i
o
n
s
o
n
P
o
w
e
r
S
y
s
t
e
m
s
,
v
o
l
.
3
0
,
n
o
.
1
,
p
p
.
3
8
5
–
3
9
6
,
Ja
n
.
2
0
1
5
,
d
o
i
:
1
0
.
1
1
0
9
/
TPW
R
S
.
2
0
1
4
.
2
3
2
1
2
8
7
.
[
6
]
A
r
a
n
i
a
n
d
El
-
S
a
a
d
a
n
y
,
“
I
mp
l
e
me
n
t
i
n
g
V
i
r
t
u
a
l
I
n
e
r
t
i
a
i
n
D
F
I
G
-
B
a
se
d
W
i
n
d
P
o
w
e
r
G
e
n
e
r
a
t
i
o
n
,
”
I
EEE
T
ra
n
s
a
c
t
i
o
n
s
o
n
P
o
w
e
r
S
y
s
t
e
m
s
,
v
o
l
.
2
8
,
n
o
.
2
,
p
p
.
1
3
7
3
–
1
3
8
4
,
M
a
y
2
0
1
3
,
d
o
i
:
1
0
.
1
1
0
9
/
TPW
R
S
.
2
0
1
2
.
2
2
0
7
9
7
2
.
[
7
]
K
.
V
.
V
i
d
y
a
n
a
n
d
a
n
a
n
d
N
.
S
e
n
r
o
y
,
“
I
ssu
e
s
i
n
t
h
e
g
r
i
d
f
r
e
q
u
e
n
c
y
r
e
g
u
l
a
t
i
o
n
w
i
t
h
i
n
c
r
e
a
se
d
p
e
n
e
t
r
a
t
i
o
n
o
f
w
i
n
d
e
n
e
r
g
y
s
y
s
t
e
ms
,
”
i
n
2
0
1
2
S
t
u
d
e
n
t
s C
o
n
f
e
re
n
c
e
o
n
En
g
i
n
e
e
ri
n
g
a
n
d
S
y
s
t
e
m
s
,
I
EEE,
M
a
r
.
2
0
1
2
,
p
p
.
1
–
6
.
d
o
i
:
1
0
.
1
1
0
9
/
S
C
ES.
2
0
1
2
.
6
1
9
9
0
5
4
.
[
8
]
J.
M
o
r
r
e
n
,
S
.
W
.
H
.
d
e
H
a
a
n
,
W
.
L.
K
l
i
n
g
,
a
n
d
J
.
A
.
F
e
r
r
e
i
r
a
,
“
W
i
n
d
Tu
r
b
i
n
e
s
Emu
l
a
t
i
n
g
I
n
e
r
t
i
a
a
n
d
S
u
p
p
o
r
t
i
n
g
P
r
i
mary
F
r
e
q
u
e
n
c
y
C
o
n
t
r
o
l
,
”
I
E
EE
T
r
a
n
sa
c
t
i
o
n
s
o
n
Po
w
e
r
S
y
st
e
m
s
,
v
o
l
.
2
1
,
n
o
.
1
,
p
p
.
4
3
3
–
4
3
4
,
F
e
b
.
2
0
0
6
,
d
o
i
:
1
0
.
1
1
0
9
/
TPW
R
S
.
2
0
0
5
.
8
6
1
9
5
6
.
[
9
]
I
.
R
a
z
z
h
i
v
i
n
,
A
.
S
u
v
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