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Go
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1
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1
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co
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1.
I
NT
RO
D
UCT
I
O
N
Fo
s
s
il
f
u
els
lik
e
co
al,
o
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an
d
n
atu
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as
a
r
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r
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p
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s
o
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ce
s
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f
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g
y
g
en
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r
atio
n
[
1
]
.
Nev
er
th
eless
,
th
ese
f
u
els
also
d
am
ag
e
th
e
en
v
ir
o
n
m
e
n
t
an
d
r
elea
s
e
g
r
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n
h
o
u
s
e
g
ases
.
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n
p
ar
ticu
lar
,
win
d
a
n
d
s
o
lar
en
er
g
y
a
r
e
v
ital
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o
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ca
l
alter
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ativ
es
to
n
u
clea
r
p
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an
d
f
o
s
s
il
f
u
els.
T
h
ey
ar
e
in
f
in
itely
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ca
lab
le,
non
-
p
o
llu
tin
g
,
a
n
d
id
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o
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d
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tr
alize
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p
r
o
d
u
ctio
n
.
I
n
d
ee
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,
in
r
ec
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r
s
,
win
d
an
d
p
h
o
to
v
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ltaic
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y
s
tem
s
h
av
e
a
d
v
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ig
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if
ican
tly
a
n
d
s
ee
n
a
n
o
tab
le
d
r
o
p
in
co
s
t
.
As
a
r
esu
lt,
th
e
r
esear
ch
c
o
m
m
u
n
ity
is
c
u
r
r
e
n
tly
in
v
esti
g
atin
g
th
ese
is
s
u
es
in
g
r
ea
t
d
etail
[
2
]
.
Ho
wev
er
,
p
r
ev
io
u
s
s
tu
d
ies
h
av
e
s
h
o
w
n
th
at
th
e
i
n
tr
in
s
ic
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
AE
S
I
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t
J
R
o
b
&
A
u
to
m
I
SS
N:
2722
-
2
5
8
6
Op
tima
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a
tter
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s
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in
g
u
s
in
g
mo
d
ified
s
p
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p
timiz
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tio
n
in
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r
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ted
…
(
Mer
a
j F
a
tima
)
509
u
n
p
r
e
d
ictab
ilit
y
o
f
win
d
a
n
d
s
o
lar
r
en
ewa
b
le
en
er
g
y
s
o
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r
ce
s
(
R
E
S)
h
as
co
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licated
p
o
wer
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id
m
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ag
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m
en
t,
ca
u
s
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s
ab
o
u
t sy
s
tem
s
tab
ilit
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d
p
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we
r
q
u
ality
.
R
ec
en
tly
,
th
er
e
h
as
b
ee
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a
g
r
o
win
g
in
ter
est
in
m
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r
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tem
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as
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o
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th
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ld
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e
s
o
lu
tio
n
s
to
th
e
en
e
r
g
y
c
h
allen
g
e
[
3
]
.
Yo
u
ca
n
t
h
in
k
o
f
th
e
lo
ad
s
as
a
g
r
o
u
p
o
f
d
is
tr
ib
u
ted
g
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n
er
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r
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s
(
DGs)
th
at
ca
n
b
e
s
en
t
d
ir
ec
tly
to
th
e
lo
ad
s
o
r
th
e
u
tili
ty
g
r
id
.
B
atter
ies
en
er
g
y
s
to
r
ag
e
s
y
s
tem
s
(
B
E
S
S)
ca
n
n
o
w
p
o
wer
m
an
y
p
ar
ts
o
f
th
e
p
o
w
er
g
r
id
[
4
]
,
[
5
]
.
W
ith
its
q
u
ick
an
d
f
lex
ib
le
f
ea
tu
r
es,
th
e
B
E
SS
is
a
s
o
lid
o
p
tio
n
f
o
r
p
r
eser
v
in
g
r
esil
ien
ce
an
d
d
ep
en
d
ab
ilit
y
[
6
]
.
On
e
o
f
th
e
m
ain
is
s
u
es
in
th
e
d
esig
n
o
f
m
icr
o
g
r
id
s
(
MG
s
)
h
as
b
ee
n
d
eter
m
in
in
g
th
e
o
p
tim
u
m
B
E
SS
s
ize
[
7
]
.
I
m
p
r
o
v
in
g
MG
s
'
d
ep
en
d
ab
ilit
y
a
n
d
lo
we
r
in
g
th
eir
t
o
tal
co
s
t
r
eq
u
ir
es
o
p
tim
izin
g
t
h
e
s
ize
an
d
k
in
d
o
f
B
E
SS
[
8
]
.
Gr
id
-
co
n
n
ec
ted
a
n
d
s
tan
d
alo
n
e
MG
s
ar
e
s
ized
o
p
tim
ally
wh
ile
tak
in
g
in
to
ac
c
o
u
n
t
two
alter
n
ativ
e
o
b
jectiv
es:
m
in
im
izin
g
th
e
an
n
u
al
to
tal
en
er
g
y
lo
s
s
es
an
d
th
e
en
er
g
y
co
s
t
[
9
]
.
T
h
is
p
ap
er
aim
s
to
im
p
r
o
v
e
f
r
eq
u
e
n
cy
m
an
a
g
em
en
t
a
n
d
s
av
e
o
p
er
atin
g
co
s
ts
b
y
co
m
b
in
in
g
th
e
m
etah
e
u
r
is
tic
alg
o
r
i
th
m
with
th
e
b
est
B
E
SS
s
izin
g
[
1
0
]
.
Nu
m
er
o
u
s
i
n
v
esti
g
atio
n
s
h
av
e
ex
a
m
in
ed
t
h
e
b
est
way
to
s
ize
B
E
SS
in
MG
s
u
s
in
g
a
v
ar
iety
o
f
tech
n
iq
u
es,
i
n
clu
d
in
g
d
y
n
a
m
ic
p
r
o
g
r
am
m
i
n
g
,
m
ix
ed
in
t
eg
er
lin
ea
r
an
d
n
o
n
lin
ea
r
p
r
o
g
r
am
m
in
g
,
an
d
th
e
m
eta
-
h
eu
r
is
tic
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
[
1
1
]
,
[
1
2
]
.
An
im
p
r
o
v
e
d
p
ar
ticle
s
war
m
o
p
tim
izatio
n
(
PSO
)
(I
-
PS
O)
is
s
u
g
g
ested
in
[
1
3
]
th
at
o
p
ti
m
izes
b
o
th
B
E
SS
r
ea
ct
iv
e
an
d
ac
tiv
e
p
o
wer
to
r
ed
u
ce
v
o
ltag
e
f
lu
ctu
a
tio
n
s
.
MA
T
L
AB
is
u
s
ed
to
cr
ea
te
an
d
im
p
lem
en
t
th
e
I
-
PS
O,
an
d
DI
g
SIL
E
NT
Po
wer
Facto
r
y
is
u
s
ed
to
ca
l
cu
late
th
e
tim
e
s
wee
p
lo
ad
f
lo
w.
A
d
ay
-
ah
ea
d
s
ch
ed
u
lin
g
tech
n
iq
u
e
f
o
r
an
e
n
er
g
y
s
to
r
a
g
e
d
e
v
ice
in
a
n
M
G
th
at
m
ak
es
u
s
e
o
f
th
e
PS
O
an
d
GA
m
eth
o
d
s
was
p
r
esen
ted
in
[
1
4
]
.
Mic
r
o
g
r
i
d
s
with
p
r
ice
v
ar
iab
ilit
y
u
s
e
a
s
c
h
ed
u
lin
g
m
ec
h
an
is
m
th
at
lo
wer
s
th
e
am
o
u
n
t
th
at
co
n
s
u
m
er
s
m
u
s
t
p
a
y
.
I
n
a
s
i
m
u
latio
n
,
th
e
av
er
a
g
e
co
s
t
r
ed
u
ctio
n
s
th
r
o
u
g
h
o
u
t
t
h
e
en
e
r
g
y
s
to
r
ag
e
s
y
s
tem
s
ch
ed
u
le
p
r
o
d
u
ce
d
b
y
th
e
n
et
en
er
g
y
-
b
ased
a
p
p
r
o
ac
h
wer
e
1
1
.
3
1
%
f
o
r
GA
an
d
1
4
.
3
1
%
f
o
r
PS
O.
I
n
ad
d
itio
n
,
th
r
ee
p
ar
allel
v
er
s
io
n
s
o
f
m
e
tah
eu
r
is
tic
m
eth
o
d
s
ar
e
in
tr
o
d
u
ce
d
in
[
1
5
]
t
o
f
in
d
th
e
o
p
t
im
al
b
atter
y
p
o
wer
d
is
tr
ib
u
tio
n
in
DC
g
r
id
s
.
A
m
u
lti
-
o
b
jectiv
e
PS
O
m
eth
o
d
is
p
r
esen
ted
in
[
1
6
]
to
ex
p
lo
r
e
th
r
ee
s
u
s
tain
ab
le
MG
to
p
o
lo
g
ies
f
o
r
th
e
Sh
ir
az
cl
im
ate
in
I
r
an
.
T
h
e
MG
to
p
o
lo
g
ies
th
at
wer
e
co
n
s
id
er
e
d
wer
e
C
HP
an
d
p
h
o
to
v
o
ltaic
(
PV)
,
C
HP a
n
d
win
d
tu
r
b
in
e
(
W
T
)
,
an
d
C
HP a
n
d
W
T
.
Par
ticle
s
war
m
o
p
tim
izatio
n
f
o
r
an
id
ea
l
m
ic
r
o
g
r
i
d
s
y
s
tem
f
o
r
h
y
b
r
id
r
en
ewa
b
le
en
e
r
g
y
i
n
th
e
f
ac
e
o
f
u
n
ce
r
tain
ty
is
in
tr
o
d
u
ce
d
in
[
1
7
]
.
T
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
m
eth
o
d
ca
n
b
e
u
s
ed
to
ch
a
r
g
e
a
n
d
d
is
ch
ar
g
e
B
E
SS
wh
ile
k
ee
p
in
g
s
u
f
f
icien
t m
ar
g
i
n
to
s
u
p
p
ly
im
p
o
r
tan
t l
o
ad
s
if
r
en
e
wab
les an
d
th
e
g
r
i
d
ar
e
n
o
t a
v
ailab
le.
Mo
r
eo
v
e
r
,
to
im
p
r
o
v
e
t
h
e
ef
f
icien
c
y
o
f
h
y
b
r
id
en
er
g
y
m
a
n
ag
em
e
n
t
s
y
s
tem
s
,
[
1
8
]
p
r
esen
ted
a
r
ev
o
lu
t
io
n
ar
y
f
u
zz
y
lo
g
ic
-
b
ased
PS
O
(
FLB
-
P
SO)
tech
n
iq
u
e.
Hy
b
r
id
en
er
g
y
s
to
r
ag
e
s
y
s
tem
(
HE
SS
)
th
at
co
m
b
in
es
R
E
S
with
s
o
lar
PV
s
y
s
tem
s
,
b
atter
ies,
an
d
s
u
p
er
ca
p
ac
ito
r
s
(
SC
)
in
[
1
9
]
.
T
h
is
r
esear
ch
in
tr
o
d
u
ce
s
th
e
s
im
u
latio
n
an
d
im
p
r
o
v
em
e
n
t
o
f
a
n
en
er
g
y
m
an
ag
em
en
t
s
y
s
tem
(
EMS
)
f
o
r
a
HE
SS
u
tili
zin
g
g
r
ey
wo
lf
o
p
tim
izer
(
GW
O)
,
g
en
etic
alg
o
r
ith
m
(
GA)
,
a
n
d
a
n
t
co
lo
n
y
o
p
tim
izatio
n
(
AC
O)
.
Ad
d
itio
n
ally
,
th
e
f
ast
tr
a
n
s
ien
t
r
ea
ctio
n
o
f
f
er
ed
b
y
th
is
co
n
tr
o
l
s
tr
ateg
y
en
h
a
n
ce
s
th
e
HE
SS
'
s
ch
ar
g
e
an
d
d
i
s
ch
ar
g
e
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
,
lo
wer
in
g
b
atter
y
s
tr
ess
an
d
ex
ten
d
in
g
its
lo
n
g
ev
ity
.
I
n
ad
d
itio
n
to
th
e
liter
atu
r
e
v
a
r
io
u
s
o
p
tim
izatio
n
tech
n
iq
u
es
lik
e
g
r
ey
w
o
lf
[
2
0
]
,
a
r
tific
ial
b
ee
co
lo
n
y
[
2
1
]
,
an
d
C
u
ck
o
o
Sear
c
h
[
2
2
]
h
av
e
b
ee
n
em
p
lo
y
ed
in
th
e
m
ajo
r
ity
o
f
th
e
liter
atu
r
e
t
o
d
eter
m
in
e
th
e
o
p
tim
al
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
B
E
SS
in
MG
s
.
B
a
s
ed
o
n
m
ax
im
al
iter
atio
n
s
an
d
p
o
p
u
latio
n
s
ize,
th
ese
ev
o
lu
tio
n
ar
y
alg
o
r
ith
m
s
d
r
aw
in
s
p
ir
atio
n
f
r
o
m
n
atu
r
e
[
2
3
]
.
Acc
o
r
d
in
g
ly
,
th
e
p
o
p
u
la
tio
n
s
ize,
iter
atio
n
co
u
n
t,
an
d
o
th
er
alg
o
r
ith
m
ic
f
ac
to
r
s
all
af
f
ec
t
th
e
wa
y
th
ese
ap
p
r
o
a
ch
es
an
d
th
eir
s
o
lu
tio
n
s
co
n
v
er
g
e
.
T
o
r
ea
ch
th
e
g
lo
b
al
o
p
tim
al
s
o
lu
tio
n
,
th
ese
alg
o
r
ith
m
s
co
u
ld
b
e
s
tu
ck
in
lo
ca
l
o
p
tim
u
m
s
o
lu
tio
n
s
[
2
4
]
,
[
2
5
]
.
As
a
r
esu
lt,
th
e
tech
n
iq
u
es
ar
e
n
o
t
ap
p
r
o
p
r
iate
f
o
r
s
o
lv
in
g
lar
g
e
-
s
ca
le
is
s
u
es.
T
o
o
v
er
co
m
e
th
e
s
e
is
s
u
es,
a
n
o
v
el
m
o
d
if
ied
s
p
id
er
m
o
n
k
ey
-
b
ased
en
er
g
y
m
a
n
ag
em
e
n
t
s
y
s
tem
h
as
b
ee
n
in
tr
o
d
u
ce
d
.
T
h
e
r
ese
ar
ch
q
u
esti
o
n
s
f
o
r
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
m
eth
o
d
ar
e
Ho
w
ca
n
th
e
m
o
d
if
ied
s
p
id
er
m
o
n
k
ey
o
p
tim
izatio
n
(
MSM
O)
alg
o
r
ith
m
e
n
h
an
ce
en
er
g
y
m
an
ag
em
en
t
i
n
g
r
id
-
co
n
n
ec
ted
m
icr
o
g
r
id
s
b
y
o
p
ti
m
izin
g
PV
an
d
B
E
SS
s
izin
g
?
W
h
at
is
th
e
im
p
ac
t
o
f
u
s
in
g
MSM
O
o
n
th
e
o
v
e
r
all
co
s
t
r
ed
u
ctio
n
in
m
icr
o
g
r
id
e
n
er
g
y
m
a
n
ag
em
e
n
t
co
m
p
ar
e
d
to
ex
is
tin
g
tech
n
iq
u
es?
Ho
w
d
o
es
th
e
MSM
O
-
b
ased
E
MS
b
alan
ce
co
s
t
m
in
im
izatio
n
an
d
p
o
we
r
r
eliab
ilit
y
in
m
icr
o
g
r
id
o
p
e
r
atio
n
?
W
h
en
ca
lcu
latin
g
th
e
o
p
tim
al
PV
an
d
B
E
S
S
s
izes
f
o
r
th
e
m
icr
o
g
r
id
,
wh
ich
s
ig
n
if
ican
t
tech
n
o
lo
g
ical
an
d
f
in
a
n
cial
r
estrictio
n
s
ar
e
tak
en
in
to
c
o
n
s
id
er
atio
n
?
T
h
e
m
ajo
r
co
n
tr
ib
u
tio
n
o
f
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
m
eth
o
d
is
g
iv
e
n
as
f
o
llo
ws
.
T
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
MSM
O
alg
o
r
ith
m
is
u
tili
ze
d
to
p
r
o
d
u
ce
t
h
e
id
e
al
PV
s
ize
an
d
en
er
g
y
s
to
r
ag
e
wh
ile
tak
in
g
c
o
s
t
m
in
im
iza
tio
n
.
T
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
s
tr
ateg
y
id
en
tifie
s
th
e
p
r
o
p
e
r
B
E
SS
an
d
PV
s
izes,
p
r
esen
tin
g
r
e
d
u
ce
d
co
s
ts
as
an
o
b
jectiv
e
f
u
n
ctio
n
an
d
o
f
f
er
in
g
a
n
o
v
el
o
p
tim
al
en
e
r
g
y
m
a
n
ag
em
e
n
t
s
o
lu
tio
n
f
o
r
a
g
r
id
-
co
n
n
ec
ted
MG
.
E
v
en
in
th
e
a
b
s
en
ce
o
f
r
en
ewa
b
le
en
er
g
y
s
o
u
r
ce
s
an
d
th
e
g
r
id
,
t
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
m
eth
o
d
s
u
p
p
lied
c
r
itical
lo
ad
s
o
n
tim
e
wh
ile
m
ain
tain
in
g
r
eser
v
e
m
a
r
g
in
s
.
As
d
em
o
n
s
tr
ated
b
y
th
e
d
at
a,
th
e
MSM
O
-
b
ased
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
ca
n
d
eter
m
in
e
th
e
b
est
PV
an
d
B
E
S
S
s
ize
b
ased
o
n
co
s
t
wh
en
co
m
b
in
e
d
with
th
e
en
er
g
y
m
a
n
ag
em
e
n
t
p
lan
.
E
x
p
er
im
en
tal
r
esu
lt
s
h
o
ws th
at
th
e
s
u
g
g
ested
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
in
co
m
p
ar
is
o
n
to
th
e
cu
r
r
en
t PSO a
n
d
A
B
C
alg
o
r
ith
m
co
n
s
id
er
ab
ly
lo
wer
s
th
e
g
r
id
c
o
s
t b
y
0
.
7
%,
an
d
0
.
8
% r
esp
ec
tiv
ely
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
7
2
2
-
2
5
8
6
I
AE
S
I
n
t
J
R
o
b
&
A
u
to
m
,
Vo
l
.
14
,
No
.
4
,
Dec
em
b
er
20
25
:
5
0
8
-
5
1
7
510
T
h
is
is
th
e
s
tr
u
ctu
r
e
f
o
r
th
e
r
em
ain
d
er
o
f
th
e
p
ap
e
r
.
R
elev
an
t
wo
r
k
is
d
escr
ib
ed
in
s
ec
ti
o
n
2
.
T
h
e
s
y
s
tem
m
o
d
el
is
in
tr
o
d
u
ce
d
in
s
ec
tio
n
3
,
th
e
en
h
a
n
ce
d
o
p
ti
m
izatio
n
alg
o
r
ith
m
is
in
t
r
o
d
u
ce
d
in
s
ec
tio
n
3
,
th
e
f
in
d
in
g
s
an
d
d
is
cu
s
s
io
n
s
ar
e
p
r
esen
ted
in
s
ec
tio
n
4
,
an
d
s
ec
ti
o
n
5
e
n
clo
s
es c
o
n
clu
s
io
n
s
.
2.
P
RO
P
O
SE
D
M
SM
O
-
E
M
S
M
E
T
H
O
DO
L
O
G
Y
I
n
th
is
r
esear
ch
,
a
n
o
v
el
MS
MO
-
E
MS
h
as
b
ee
n
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
to
im
p
r
o
v
e
th
e
B
E
SS
o
r
PV
ca
p
ac
ity
to
r
ed
u
ce
d
e
p
en
d
e
n
cy
o
n
g
r
id
co
n
n
ec
tiv
ity
.
Fig
u
r
e
1
illu
s
tr
ates th
e
b
r
o
a
d
f
lo
w
o
f
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
.
Fig
u
r
e
1
.
Pro
p
o
s
ed
MSM
O
-
E
MS
2
.
1
.
O
bje
c
t
iv
e
f
un
ct
io
n
E
n
er
g
y
co
s
ts
s
er
v
e
as
an
o
b
j
ec
tiv
e
f
u
n
ctio
n
i
n
th
is
r
esear
ch
.
T
h
e
o
b
jectiv
e
is
to
lo
wer
th
e
MG
'
s
o
v
er
all
en
er
g
y
c
o
s
ts
wh
ile
m
ain
tain
in
g
p
r
ed
eter
m
in
e
d
r
estric
tio
n
s
.
T
h
e
en
er
g
y
c
o
s
t is co
m
p
u
ted
as
(
1
)
.
=
(
×
)
+
(
×
)
(
1
)
I
n
th
is
ca
s
e,
th
e
en
tire
o
u
tp
u
t
en
er
g
y
o
f
PV
an
d
B
E
SS
is
r
ep
r
esen
ted
b
y
an
d
,
r
esp
ec
tiv
ely
.
T
h
ey
ar
e
p
r
o
d
u
ce
d
with
in
a
s
p
ec
if
ied
tim
e
f
r
am
e
b
y
th
e
en
er
g
y
m
an
a
g
e
m
en
t
alg
o
r
ith
m
.
T
h
e
f
o
llo
win
g
lim
itatio
n
s
a
p
p
ly
to
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
o
p
er
atio
n
d
if
f
icu
lty
.
T
h
e
f
o
llo
win
g
eq
u
ality
an
d
n
o
n
-
eq
u
ality
m
icr
o
g
r
id
co
n
s
tr
ain
ts
ar
e
tak
e
n
in
to
co
n
s
id
er
atio
n
wh
e
n
s
o
lv
in
g
th
e
s
p
ec
if
ied
m
u
lti
-
o
b
jecti
v
e
f
u
n
ctio
n
.
a.
E
q
u
ality
co
n
s
tr
ain
t:
(
)
=
(
)
+
(
)
(
2
)
b.
I
n
eq
u
ality
c
o
n
s
tr
ain
t
−
So
C
co
n
s
tr
ain
ts
:
≤
(
)
≤
−
B
atter
y
en
er
g
y
c
o
n
s
tr
ain
t:
≤
(
)
≤
−
So
lar
PV c
o
n
s
tr
ain
ts
:
≤
(
)
≤
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
AE
S
I
n
t
J
R
o
b
&
A
u
to
m
I
SS
N:
2722
-
2
5
8
6
Op
tima
l b
a
tter
y
s
iz
in
g
u
s
in
g
mo
d
ified
s
p
id
er mo
n
ke
y
o
p
timiz
a
tio
n
in
g
r
id
co
n
n
ec
ted
…
(
Mer
a
j F
a
tima
)
511
2
.
2
.
E
nerg
y
m
a
na
g
e
m
ent
s
y
s
t
em
E
n
er
g
y
f
lo
w
m
an
a
g
em
en
t
is
a
cr
u
cial
p
r
o
ce
d
u
r
e
f
o
r
s
y
s
tem
co
m
p
o
n
en
t
o
p
tim
izatio
n
a
n
d
ef
f
ec
tiv
e
s
y
s
tem
f
u
n
ctio
n
in
g
.
T
h
e
two
co
m
p
o
n
en
ts
o
f
th
e
s
u
g
g
ested
en
er
g
y
m
a
n
ag
em
en
t
s
tr
ateg
y
ar
e
g
r
id
-
co
n
n
ec
ted
m
o
d
e
o
p
er
atio
n
a
n
d
is
lan
d
m
o
d
e
o
p
er
atio
n
.
2
.
2
.
1
.
I
s
la
nd
m
o
de
W
h
en
th
e
MG
is
in
is
lan
d
m
o
d
e,
it
d
o
es
n
o
t
h
a
v
e
g
r
i
d
s
u
p
p
o
r
t.
PV
g
en
e
r
atio
n
o
r
t
h
e
ex
is
tin
g
ca
p
ac
ity
o
f
B
E
SS
ca
n
m
ee
t
th
e
r
eq
u
ir
ed
lo
ad
.
T
h
e
b
atter
y
is
d
ee
m
ed
ch
a
r
g
ed
a
f
ter
ca
lcu
la
tin
g
th
e
n
et
en
e
r
g
y
(
(
)
=
(
)
−
(
)
.
I
s
lan
d
m
o
d
e
f
u
n
ctio
n
i
n
g
p
r
ev
en
ts
an
y
r
esid
u
al
p
o
wer
in
th
e
PV
s
y
s
tem
f
r
o
m
b
ein
g
co
n
s
u
m
ed
o
r
s
o
ld
to
t
h
e
g
r
i
d
if
th
e
B
E
SS
ex
ce
ed
s
its
ch
ar
g
e
lim
it.
I
t
is
p
o
s
s
ib
le
to
d
ep
lete
b
atter
ies
till
th
eir
lev
el
if
B
E
S
S
h
as
en
er
g
y
av
ailab
le.
L
astl
y
,
b
atter
ies
ar
e
ch
ar
g
ed
u
s
in
g
P
V
p
o
wer
wh
ile
th
er
e
is
s
till
s
o
m
e
PV p
o
wer
g
en
er
atio
n
av
ailab
l
e.
T
h
e
en
er
g
y
m
a
n
ag
em
e
n
t f
lo
wch
ar
t is d
ep
icted
in
Fig
u
r
e
2
.
Fig
u
r
e
2
.
E
n
er
g
y
m
an
a
g
em
en
t
f
lo
wch
ar
t
2
.
2
.
2
.
G
rid su
pp
lie
d m
o
de
T
h
e
g
r
id
m
ain
tain
s
MG
wh
ile
it
'
s
f
u
n
ctio
n
in
g
in
th
e
g
r
id
-
c
o
n
n
ec
ted
m
o
d
e.
T
o
id
en
tif
y
th
e
o
p
tim
al
PV
an
d
B
E
SS
a
s
p
ec
ts
,
a
lar
g
ely
s
elf
-
s
u
f
f
icien
t
MG
is
an
aly
ze
d
d
u
r
in
g
a
o
n
e
-
y
ea
r
p
e
r
io
d
.
I
n
s
itu
atio
n
s
wh
er
e
s
o
lar
an
d
b
atter
y
p
o
wer
ca
n
n
o
t
m
ee
t
lo
ad
n
ee
d
s
,
th
e
g
r
id
t
u
r
n
s
to
elec
tr
icity
.
Fo
r
a
s
h
o
r
t
ti
m
e
af
ter
t
h
e
PV
an
d
B
E
SS
h
av
e
u
s
ed
u
p
all
o
f
th
ei
r
en
er
g
y
,
th
e
MG
co
u
ld
b
e
a
b
le
to
b
e
s
u
p
p
lied
en
tire
ly
o
r
in
p
o
r
tio
n
b
y
th
e
g
r
id
.
MG
s
m
ay
b
e
ab
le
to
u
s
e
g
r
id
elec
tr
icity
p
r
ices
in
ca
s
e
o
f
in
s
u
f
f
icien
t
en
er
g
y
s
u
p
p
l
y
.
T
h
e
MSM
O
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
is
u
tili
ze
d
to
d
eter
m
in
e
f
o
r
in
cr
e
asin
g
ca
p
ac
ity
o
f
th
e
PV o
r
B
E
SS
m
o
d
u
le.
2
.
3
.
M
o
dified
s
pid
er
m
o
nk
e
y
o
ptim
iza
t
io
n
(
M
SM
O
)
MSM
O
is
em
p
lo
y
ed
in
th
is
s
t
u
d
y
to
d
eter
m
in
e
th
e
m
i
n
im
al
p
o
in
ts
,
o
r
m
in
im
u
m
co
s
t.
T
h
e
n
u
m
b
er
s
o
f
PV
a
n
d
B
E
SS
m
o
d
u
les
ar
e
r
ep
r
esen
te
d
b
y
s
p
id
e
r
m
o
n
k
ey
s
,
wh
ich
ar
e
i
n
itialized
at
r
an
d
o
m
.
B
y
u
s
in
g
a
m
o
d
if
ied
s
p
i
d
er
m
o
n
k
e
y
o
p
tim
izatio
n
m
eth
o
d
,
t
h
e
o
r
i
g
in
al
SMO
tech
n
iq
u
e
h
as
b
ee
n
en
h
an
ce
d
i
n
ter
m
s
o
f
co
n
v
er
g
en
ce
tim
e
an
d
s
o
lu
tio
n
q
u
ality
.
R
an
d
o
m
PV
an
d
B
E
SS
s
izes
ar
e
g
en
er
ated
b
y
MSM
O
in
ea
ch
iter
atio
n
,
an
d
th
e
co
s
ts
o
f
ea
c
h
ar
e
co
n
t
r
asted
with
th
e
o
p
ti
m
al
s
o
lu
tio
n
.
T
h
e
PV
an
d
B
E
SS
s
ize
s
ar
e
th
e
ar
ea
af
ter
all
iter
atio
n
s
,
p
r
o
d
u
ce
s
th
e
b
est g
lo
b
al
co
s
t.
I
n
Fig
u
r
e
3
,
th
e
MSM
O
f
lo
wch
ar
t is d
is
p
lay
ed
.
2
.
3
.
1
.
I
nitia
liza
t
io
n
T
h
e
MSM
O
m
eth
o
d
s
tar
ts
w
i
th
an
in
itial
p
o
p
u
latio
n
o
f
N
s
p
id
er
m
o
n
k
ey
s
(
SM)
.
I
n
th
is
ca
s
e,
ea
ch
SM
is
in
itialized
an
d
s
er
v
es a
s
a
p
o
s
s
ib
le
r
em
ed
y
f
o
r
th
e
is
s
u
e
at
h
an
d
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
7
2
2
-
2
5
8
6
I
AE
S
I
n
t
J
R
o
b
&
A
u
to
m
,
Vo
l
.
14
,
No
.
4
,
Dec
em
b
er
20
25
:
5
0
8
-
5
1
7
512
Fig
u
r
e
3
.
Flo
wch
ar
t
o
f
MSM
O
,
=
,
+
∙
(
,
−
,
)
(
3
)
T
h
e
lo
wer
an
d
u
p
p
e
r
b
o
u
n
d
ar
ies
ar
e
r
ep
r
esen
ted
b
y
,
,
,
r
e
s
p
ec
tiv
ely
,
wh
er
e
{
1
,
…
}
,
∈
{
1
,
…
}
,
d
en
o
te
th
e
ℎ
s
p
id
er
m
o
n
k
e
y
in
th
e
ℎ
d
im
en
s
io
n
,
an
d
is
a
n
u
m
b
e
r
g
en
er
ated
at
r
an
d
o
m
b
etwe
e
n
[
0
,
1
]
.
E
q
u
atio
n
(
4
)
ca
lcu
lates
th
e
Fi
tn
ess
f
u
n
ctio
n
(
)
f
o
r
th
e
o
b
jectiv
e
f
u
n
ctio
n
(
)
.
=
{
1
+
,
≥
0
1
1
+
|
|
,
≤
0
(
4
)
On
e
(
o
f
th
e
two
)
s
ea
r
ch
e
q
u
ati
o
n
is
ch
o
s
en
at
r
a
n
d
o
m
to
u
p
d
ate
th
e
s
p
id
er
m
o
n
k
ey
s
'
p
o
s
itio
n
:
a.
Or
ig
in
al
SMO
,
=
{
,
+
(
(
∙
(
,
−
,
)
)
+
(
∙
(
,
−
,
)
)
)
,
,
≥
ℎ
(
5
)
b.
Mo
d
if
ied
SMO
,
=
,
+
∙
(
,
−
,
)
(
6
)
I
n
th
is
ca
s
e,
an
d
ar
e
r
an
d
o
m
l
y
s
elec
ted
s
p
id
er
m
o
n
k
ey
in
d
e
x
es.
,
r
ep
r
esen
ts
th
e
r
ev
is
ed
s
p
id
er
m
o
n
k
e
y
lo
ca
tio
n
o
r
n
ew
s
o
lu
tio
n
.
,
r
ep
r
esen
ts
th
e
p
r
io
r
s
o
lu
tio
n
;
,
r
ep
r
esen
ts
th
e
ℎ
d
im
en
s
io
n
o
f
th
e
ℎ
s
p
id
er
m
o
n
k
ey
;
ℎ
r
ep
r
esen
ts
th
e
lo
ca
l
lead
er
o
f
t
h
e
y
^th
d
im
en
s
io
n
o
f
th
e
z^th
g
r
o
u
p
;
q
is
a
r
an
d
o
m
n
u
m
b
er
b
etwe
en
[
−1
,
1
]
; a
n
d
r
ep
r
esen
ts
th
e
p
er
tu
r
b
atio
n
r
ate.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
AE
S
I
n
t
J
R
o
b
&
A
u
to
m
I
SS
N:
2722
-
2
5
8
6
Op
tima
l b
a
tter
y
s
iz
in
g
u
s
in
g
mo
d
ified
s
p
id
er mo
n
ke
y
o
p
timiz
a
tio
n
in
g
r
id
co
n
n
ec
ted
…
(
Mer
a
j F
a
tima
)
513
2
.
3
.
2
.
G
lo
ba
l le
a
der
ph
a
s
e
Du
r
in
g
th
is
s
tag
e,
s
p
id
er
m
o
n
k
ey
p
o
s
itio
n
s
ar
e
m
o
d
if
ied
b
a
s
ed
o
n
g
r
o
u
p
m
em
b
er
an
d
g
lo
b
al
lead
er
(
GL
)
ex
p
e
r
ien
ce
s
.
E
v
e
r
y
m
e
m
b
er
'
s
p
r
o
b
ab
ilit
y
is
ca
lcu
lat
ed
to
u
p
d
ate
e
v
er
y
p
o
s
itio
n
.
T
h
e
p
r
o
b
a
b
ilit
y
is
co
m
p
u
ted
as
(
7
)
.
=
0
.
9
∙
(
)
_
+
0
.
1
(
7
)
a.
Or
ig
in
al
SMO
,
=
,
+
(
(
∙
(
GL
−
,
)
)
+
∙
(
,
−
,
)
)
(
8
)
b.
Mo
d
if
ied
SMO
u
s
in
g
ar
tific
ial
b
ee
co
lo
n
y
(
AB
C
)
,
=
GL
+
∙
(
,
−
,
)
(
9
)
wh
er
e
GL
is
th
e
u
p
d
ated
g
lo
b
al
lead
er
,
d
en
o
tes
th
e
r
an
d
o
m
in
ter
v
al
[
0
,
1
]
,
an
d
q
is
th
e
o
th
er
r
a
n
d
o
m
n
u
m
b
er
in
th
e
in
te
r
v
al
[
−1
,
1
]
.
2
.
3
.
3
.
L
o
ca
l a
nd
g
lo
ba
l le
a
de
r
lea
rning
ph
a
s
e
Glo
b
al
lead
er
lea
r
n
in
g
s
tates
th
at
th
e
s
p
id
e
r
m
o
n
k
ey
with
th
e
g
r
ea
test
ef
f
icien
c
y
v
alu
e
b
e
co
m
es
th
e
n
ew
g
lo
b
al
lead
er
.
T
h
e
g
r
ee
d
y
s
elec
tio
n
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
is
u
s
ed
to
p
ick
th
e
lo
ca
l
lead
er
s
f
o
r
ea
ch
g
r
o
u
p
in
th
e
lo
ca
l
lead
er
lear
n
in
g
p
r
o
ce
s
s
.
2
.
3
.
4
.
G
lo
ba
l a
nd
lo
ca
l le
a
de
r
decisi
o
n pha
s
e
B
y
r
an
d
o
m
ly
in
itializin
g
o
r
m
er
g
in
g
g
lo
b
al
an
d
lo
ca
l le
ad
er
s
,
th
e
lo
ca
tio
n
o
f
lo
ca
l le
ad
er
s
is
ch
an
g
ed
th
r
o
u
g
h
o
u
t
th
e
lo
ca
l
lead
er
p
r
ef
er
en
ce
p
h
ase
u
p
to
t
h
e
p
r
e
d
ef
in
ed
th
r
esh
o
ld
,
s
o
m
etim
es
r
ef
er
r
ed
t
o
as
th
e
lo
ca
l
lead
er
lim
it.
Af
ter
a
ce
r
tain
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
tim
es,
if
n
o
lo
ca
l
lead
er
u
p
d
ates
th
eir
p
o
s
itio
n
,
th
e
lo
ca
l
lead
er
co
u
n
t
is
r
eset
to
ze
r
o
an
d
th
e
p
o
s
itio
n
s
o
f
all
g
r
o
u
p
m
e
m
b
er
s
ar
e
u
p
d
ated
.
T
h
e
r
ev
is
ed
eq
u
atio
n
s
ar
e
as
f
o
llo
ws
.
a.
Or
ig
in
al
SMO
eq
u
atio
n
,
=
{
,
+
(
(
∙
(
,
−
,
)
)
+
(
∙
(
GL
−
,
)
)
)
,
,
+
∙
(
,
−
,
)
≥
ℎ
(
1
0
)
b.
Mo
d
if
ied
SMO
eq
u
atio
n
u
s
in
g
Ar
tific
ial
B
ee
co
lo
n
y
(
AB
C
)
,
=
,
+
∙
(
GL
−
,
)
(
1
1
)
Ho
wev
er
,
wh
e
n
t
h
e
g
lo
b
al
lead
er
lim
it
is
n
o
t
u
p
d
ated
t
o
ce
r
t
ain
iter
atio
n
s
,
t
h
e
d
ec
is
io
n
s
m
ad
e
b
y
th
e
g
lo
b
al
lead
er
s
ar
e
d
iv
id
ed
in
to
s
m
aller
g
r
o
u
p
s
.
L
astl
y
,
th
e
m
o
s
t f
it p
er
s
o
n
p
r
o
v
id
es th
e
s
o
lu
tio
n
to
th
e
is
s
u
e
at
h
an
d
.
T
h
e
o
p
tim
u
m
s
o
lu
tio
n
f
o
u
n
d
d
u
r
in
g
th
is
o
p
tim
izatio
n
p
r
o
ce
s
s
is
th
en
ap
p
lied
to
th
e
ca
lcu
latio
n
o
f
d
ep
en
d
a
b
ilit
y
in
d
ices
th
at
ar
e
s
p
ec
if
ically
cu
s
to
m
ized
f
o
r
th
e
r
eg
u
lato
r
y
f
r
am
ewo
r
k
o
f
ch
o
ice.
T
h
e
r
eliab
ilit
y
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
o
f
th
e
MG
u
n
d
er
ea
ch
p
o
licy
ca
n
b
e
ascer
tain
e
d
u
s
in
g
th
is
m
eth
o
d
.
3.
RE
SU
L
T
AND
DI
SCUS
SI
O
N
I
n
th
is
s
ec
tio
n
,
th
e
E
MS
-
M
SMO
alg
o
r
ith
m
is
m
ea
s
u
r
e
d
b
ased
o
n
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
.
T
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
with
m
icr
o
g
r
i
d
with
PV
p
an
els
an
d
b
atter
ies
was
co
n
f
ig
u
r
ed
u
s
in
g
MA
T
L
AB
to
im
p
lem
en
t
th
e
tech
n
iq
u
e.
T
h
e
s
tu
d
y
is
co
n
d
u
cted
u
s
in
g
a
3
3
-
n
o
d
e
I
E
E
E
d
is
tr
ib
u
tio
n
s
y
s
tem
t
h
at
in
cl
u
d
es
s
o
lar
a
n
d
win
d
p
o
wer
s
o
u
r
ce
s
.
Fig
u
r
e
4
illu
s
tr
ates
th
e
o
v
er
all
en
er
g
y
an
aly
s
is
o
f
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
m
icr
o
g
r
id
s
y
s
tem
.
Her
e,
Fig
u
r
e
4
(
a)
s
h
o
ws
th
e
a
v
er
ag
e
d
aily
s
o
lar
PV
e
n
er
g
y
g
e
n
er
atio
n
th
at
h
i
g
h
lig
h
ts
th
e
m
ax
i
m
u
m
p
r
o
d
u
ctio
n
at
ar
o
u
n
d
1
5
:0
0
,
a
n
d
Fig
u
r
e
4
(
b
)
s
h
o
ws
t
h
e
p
r
im
ar
y
g
r
id
e
n
er
g
y
s
ales
an
d
p
u
r
ch
ases
th
r
o
u
g
h
o
u
t
a
2
4
-
h
o
u
r
p
er
io
d
.
Desp
ite
d
aily
f
lu
ct
u
atio
n
s
,
en
er
g
y
p
u
r
ch
ases
p
ea
k
at
n
ig
h
t w
h
en
d
e
m
an
d
is
h
ig
h
est an
d
,
in
th
e
ab
s
en
ce
o
f
r
en
ewa
b
le
en
e
r
g
y
g
e
n
er
atio
n
,
o
n
ly
th
e
b
atter
y
ca
n
p
r
o
v
id
e
ad
d
itio
n
al
p
o
wer
.
W
h
en
s
o
l
ar
PV
g
en
er
atio
n
is
in
ex
ce
s
s
,
g
r
id
p
o
wer
s
ales o
cc
u
r
at
1
2
:
0
0
,
1
3
:0
0
,
1
4
:
0
0
,
1
5
:
0
0
,
an
d
1
6
:
0
0
.
W
ith
in
th
e
co
n
s
tr
ain
ts
o
f
th
e
o
p
tim
izatio
n
p
r
o
ce
s
s
,
wh
ich
a
r
e
s
et
at
a
m
in
im
u
m
o
f
1
5
%
So
C
an
d
a
m
ax
im
u
m
o
f
8
0
%
So
C
,
t
h
e
b
atter
y
So
C
p
r
o
f
ile
is
d
is
p
lay
e
d
in
Fig
u
r
e
5
.
T
h
e
5
0
%
So
C
b
atter
y
ca
p
ac
it
y
n
o
t
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
7
2
2
-
2
5
8
6
I
AE
S
I
n
t
J
R
o
b
&
A
u
to
m
,
Vo
l
.
14
,
No
.
4
,
Dec
em
b
er
20
25
:
5
0
8
-
5
1
7
514
o
n
ly
m
ee
ts
d
aily
en
er
g
y
n
ee
d
s
b
u
t
also
p
r
o
v
id
es
th
e
o
p
ti
m
u
m
o
p
er
atio
n
al
co
s
t
an
d
ef
f
icien
cy
,
en
s
u
r
in
g
a
lo
n
g
er
b
atter
y
life
s
p
an
.
(
a)
(
b
)
Fig
u
r
e
4
.
E
n
er
g
y
an
aly
s
is
(
a)
a
v
er
ag
e
d
aily
g
en
e
r
atio
n
o
f
s
o
l
ar
PV e
n
er
g
y
a
n
d
(
b
)
g
r
id
b
u
y
i
n
g
/s
ellin
g
en
er
g
y
in
2
4
h
p
er
io
d
Fig
u
r
e
5
.
So
C
p
r
o
f
ile
T
h
e
MSM
O
p
r
io
r
itizes
b
atter
y
ch
ar
g
in
g
d
u
r
i
n
g
p
ea
k
r
en
ew
ab
le
g
en
er
atin
g
h
o
u
r
s
o
v
er
s
ellin
g
ex
tr
a
en
er
g
y
to
th
e
MG
.
Fig
u
r
e
6
p
r
o
v
id
es
th
e
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
an
aly
s
is
o
f
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
MSM
O
-
b
ased
E
MS.
Fig
u
r
e
6
(
a)
s
h
o
ws
th
e
g
r
i
d
c
o
s
t
v
ar
iatio
n
s
ar
e
co
m
p
ar
ed
with
ex
is
tin
g
alg
o
r
ith
m
s
,
s
h
o
win
g
th
at
MSM
O
ac
h
iev
es lo
wer
p
u
r
c
h
ases
at
k
ey
tim
e
s
lo
ts
s
u
ch
as 1
3
:0
0
,
1
5
:0
0
,
an
d
2
0
:0
0
.
Mo
r
eo
v
er
,
Fig
u
r
e
6
(
b
)
d
ep
icts
th
e
d
em
an
d
e
n
er
g
y
p
r
o
f
ile
u
n
d
er
a
d
y
n
am
ic
tar
if
f
th
at
s
h
o
ws
th
e
r
en
ewa
b
le
g
en
e
r
atio
n
p
ea
k
s
b
etwe
en
8
:0
0
a
n
d
1
1
:0
0
a
.
m
.
,
lead
i
n
g
to
e
x
ce
s
s
elec
tr
icity
s
ales w
h
ile
b
atter
y
u
s
e
r
em
ain
s
s
tead
y
.
(
a)
(
b
)
Fig
u
r
e
6
.
Per
f
o
r
m
an
c
e
an
aly
s
i
s
o
f
(
a)
E
MS
g
r
id
co
s
t a
n
d
(
b
)
d
em
an
d
e
n
er
g
y
p
r
o
f
ile
o
v
e
r
a
2
4
-
h
o
u
r
p
er
io
d
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
AE
S
I
n
t
J
R
o
b
&
A
u
to
m
I
SS
N:
2722
-
2
5
8
6
Op
tima
l b
a
tter
y
s
iz
in
g
u
s
in
g
mo
d
ified
s
p
id
er mo
n
ke
y
o
p
timiz
a
tio
n
in
g
r
id
co
n
n
ec
ted
…
(
Mer
a
j F
a
tima
)
515
Fig
u
r
e
7
p
r
esen
ts
th
e
co
s
t
an
aly
s
is
f
o
r
d
if
f
er
en
t
PV
an
d
B
E
SS
co
n
f
ig
u
r
atio
n
s
.
I
n
Fig
u
r
e
7
(
a)
,
th
e
s
y
s
tem
co
s
t
f
lu
ctu
atio
n
is
s
h
o
wn
with
r
esp
ec
t
to
v
ar
y
in
g
m
o
d
u
le
n
u
m
b
e
r
s
,
wh
er
e
co
s
ts
r
is
e
s
h
ar
p
ly
at
ce
r
tain
p
o
in
ts
d
u
e
to
in
e
f
f
icien
cies.
F
ig
u
r
e
7
(
b
)
h
ig
h
li
g
h
ts
th
e
n
o
v
e
l
en
er
g
y
m
an
a
g
em
en
t
m
eth
o
d
u
s
in
g
th
e
MSM
O
alg
o
r
ith
m
o
f
f
er
s
im
p
r
o
v
ed
c
o
s
t
ef
f
icien
cy
.
Ad
d
itio
n
ally
,
th
e
1
9
2
n
d
iter
atio
n
o
f
th
e
e
n
er
g
y
m
a
n
ag
em
en
t
s
tr
ateg
y
with
MSM
O
esti
m
ated
a
to
tal
co
s
t
o
f
USD
4
4
.
9
7
2
,
with
4
7
a
n
d
2
8
PV
m
o
d
u
les,
r
esp
ec
tiv
ely
,
b
ein
g
th
e
p
er
f
ec
t c
o
u
n
ts
.
Fin
d
in
g
th
e
g
lo
b
al
p
o
in
t ta
k
es lo
n
g
er
th
a
n
th
e
s
u
g
g
ested
tech
n
iq
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es.
(
a)
(
b
)
Fig
u
r
e
7
.
C
o
s
t a
n
aly
s
is
o
f
(
a)
s
y
s
tem
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s
t f
o
r
d
if
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er
en
t PV
an
d
B
E
SS
m
o
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u
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d
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est co
s
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o
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ed
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4.
CO
NCLU
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N
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h
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r
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l
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ied
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ased
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r
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ile
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e
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e
p
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a
b
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atter
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ates
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es
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e
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r
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ateg
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ile
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ai
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eser
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m
ar
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s
.
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h
e
p
r
o
p
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ed
tech
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iq
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e
with
m
icr
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g
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id
with
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p
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els
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n
d
b
atter
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n
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ig
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r
e
d
u
s
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g
MA
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L
AB
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p
lem
e
n
t
th
e
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e.
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h
e
s
tu
d
y
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cted
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s
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3
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e
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d
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lar
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d
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o
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r
ce
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o
m
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in
in
g
t
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ased
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o
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ith
m
with
th
e
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g
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m
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ag
em
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e,
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e
ex
p
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aly
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icts
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ased
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o
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ith
m
ca
n
ca
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late
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h
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tim
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l
PV
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d
B
E
SS
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ize
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ased
o
n
th
e
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s
t.
I
n
co
m
p
ar
is
o
n
to
PS
O
o
f
$
2
7
5
6
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o
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7
7
wh
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elativ
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m
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e.
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r
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lt,
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s
u
g
g
ested
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alg
o
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ith
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a
n
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g
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a
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e
n
t
s
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as
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p
tim
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d
alo
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g
with
PV
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d
b
atter
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im
en
s
io
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s
.
Fu
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r
e
wo
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k
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ex
te
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ed
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y
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teg
r
atin
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m
ac
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p
r
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a
g
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en
t
to
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h
a
n
ce
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m
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tatio
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ally
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F
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Au
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Na
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am
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Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
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DATA AV
AI
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AB
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Data
s
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.
RE
F
E
R
E
NC
E
S
[
1
]
H
.
W
a
n
g
e
t
a
l
.
,
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T
h
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a
p
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[
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9
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0
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2
3
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Pr
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4
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[
2
5
]
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.
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.
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.
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tri
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