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I
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s
lam
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war
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:
Gh
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R
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a
Ku
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Dep
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Data
Scien
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,
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lty
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Um
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Al
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Qu
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Un
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s
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Hu
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also
k
n
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wn
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war
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s
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p
le
d
ata
s
o
u
r
ce
s
,
th
is
s
tu
d
y
ai
m
s
to
o
f
f
er
a
co
m
p
r
e
h
en
s
iv
e
o
v
er
v
iew
o
f
th
e
e
x
is
tin
g
b
o
d
y
o
f
r
esear
ch
at
th
e
in
ter
s
ec
tio
n
o
f
co
m
p
u
tin
g
a
n
d
I
s
lam
ic
in
h
er
itan
ce
.
I
t
an
al
y
s
es
co
m
p
u
tatio
n
al
tech
n
o
lo
g
ies
em
p
lo
y
ed
in
ad
d
r
ess
in
g
ch
allen
g
es
r
elate
d
t
o
I
s
lam
ic
in
h
er
itan
ce
,
s
y
n
th
esizes
th
e
c
u
r
r
en
t
s
tate
o
f
k
n
o
wled
g
e,
i
d
en
tifie
s
r
esear
ch
tr
en
d
s
,
an
d
h
ig
h
lig
h
ts
g
ap
s
f
o
r
f
u
tu
r
e
e
x
p
lo
r
atio
n
.
T
h
e
o
b
jectiv
es o
f
th
is
s
tu
d
y
ar
e
as f
o
llo
ws:
-
T
o
s
y
s
tem
atica
lly
id
en
tify
an
d
ca
talo
g
ex
is
tin
g
r
esear
ch
s
tu
d
ies
th
at
ex
p
lo
r
e
th
e
in
ter
s
ec
tio
n
o
f
co
m
p
u
tin
g
tech
n
o
lo
g
ies an
d
I
s
lam
ic
in
h
er
itan
ce
.
-
T
o
p
r
o
v
id
e
an
o
v
er
v
iew
o
f
th
e
r
esear
ch
co
m
m
u
n
ity
an
d
its
ac
tiv
ities
,
en
co
m
p
ass
in
g
th
e
p
u
b
licatio
n
r
ate,
ty
p
es
o
f
p
a
p
er
s
with
in
th
e
f
ield
,
p
u
b
licatio
n
v
en
u
es,
id
en
tific
atio
n
o
f
ac
tiv
e
r
e
s
ea
r
ch
er
s
,
an
d
in
ter
d
is
cip
lin
ar
y
co
llab
o
r
atio
n
.
-
T
o
ca
teg
o
r
ize
t
h
e
co
m
p
u
tatio
n
al
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
es,
m
eth
o
d
o
lo
g
ies,
an
d
to
o
ls
u
tili
ze
d
in
a
d
d
r
es
s
in
g
ch
allen
g
es
r
elate
d
to
I
s
lam
ic
in
h
er
itan
ce
.
-
T
o
an
aly
ze
p
r
ev
alen
t
r
esear
ch
tr
en
d
s
,
s
h
e
d
d
in
g
lig
h
t
o
n
th
e
ev
o
lv
in
g
lan
d
s
ca
p
e
o
f
co
m
p
u
t
in
g
r
esear
ch
in
I
s
lam
ic
in
h
er
itan
ce
.
-
T
o
id
en
tify
g
a
p
s
,
ch
allen
g
es,
an
d
lim
itatio
n
s
in
th
e
ex
is
tin
g
b
o
d
y
o
f
liter
atu
r
e,
p
in
p
o
i
n
tin
g
ar
ea
s
wh
er
e
f
u
r
th
er
r
esear
ch
an
d
in
n
o
v
atio
n
ar
e
n
ee
d
ed
.
B
ased
o
n
th
ese
o
b
jectiv
es,
th
e
f
o
llo
win
g
r
esear
c
h
q
u
esti
o
n
s
(
R
Q)
wer
e
d
ev
elo
p
ed
:
-
R
Q1
w
h
at
ar
e
th
e
p
u
b
licati
o
n
tr
en
d
s
o
f
r
esear
ch
ar
ticl
es
o
n
co
m
p
u
tin
g
tech
n
o
lo
g
i
es
an
d
I
s
lam
ic
in
h
er
itan
ce
?
-
R
Q2
w
h
at
ar
e
th
e
p
r
im
a
r
y
ap
p
licatio
n
d
o
m
ain
s
with
in
I
s
lam
ic
in
h
er
itan
ce
wh
er
e
co
m
p
u
t
in
g
tech
n
o
lo
g
ies
h
av
e
b
ee
n
ap
p
lied
?
-
R
Q3
w
h
at
co
m
p
u
tatio
n
al
tech
n
o
lo
g
ies ar
e
u
tili
ze
d
in
ad
d
r
ess
in
g
ch
allen
g
es r
elate
d
to
I
s
lam
ic
in
h
er
itan
ce
?
-
R
Q4
w
h
at
is
th
e
cu
r
r
en
t state
o
f
em
p
ir
ical
e
v
alu
atio
n
m
et
h
o
d
s
u
tili
ze
d
in
th
e
d
o
m
ain
?
-
R
Q5
w
h
at
g
ap
s
,
ch
allen
g
es,
an
d
l
im
itatio
n
s
ex
is
t
in
th
e
cu
r
r
en
t
liter
atu
r
e
o
n
th
is
co
m
p
u
t
in
g
r
esear
ch
in
I
s
lam
ic
in
h
er
itan
ce
,
an
d
wh
ich
ar
ea
s
r
eq
u
ir
e
f
u
r
th
e
r
r
esear
ch
?
2.
M
E
T
H
O
D
T
h
is
s
y
s
tem
atic
m
ap
p
in
g
s
tu
d
y
f
o
llo
wed
th
e
p
r
o
ce
d
u
r
e
o
u
tlin
ed
in
Kitch
e
n
h
am
’
s
g
u
id
elin
es
[
5
]
.
T
h
e
d
etailed
s
te
p
s
o
f
th
is
p
r
o
c
ed
u
r
e
ar
e
d
escr
ib
ed
b
elo
w.
2
.
1
.
I
nclus
io
n a
nd
ex
clus
io
n
cr
it
er
ia
T
o
b
e
co
n
s
id
er
ed
f
o
r
in
cl
u
s
io
n
in
th
is
r
ev
iew,
s
tu
d
ies m
u
s
t m
ee
t th
e
f
o
llo
win
g
c
r
iter
ia:
-
T
h
e
s
tu
d
y
’
s
t
o
p
ic
m
u
s
t
r
elate
to
in
h
er
itan
ce
in
I
s
lam
an
d
co
m
p
u
tin
g
.
T
h
is
en
c
o
m
p
ass
es
v
ar
io
u
s
asp
ec
ts
,
s
u
ch
as
th
e
d
e
v
elo
p
m
e
n
t
o
f
s
o
f
twar
e
s
y
s
tem
s
to
s
u
p
p
o
r
t
in
h
er
itan
ce
in
I
s
lam
,
th
e
ev
al
u
a
tio
n
o
f
ex
is
tin
g
s
y
s
tem
s
,
o
r
th
e
u
tili
z
atio
n
o
f
c
o
m
p
u
ter
tec
h
n
o
lo
g
y
to
an
aly
z
e
th
e
to
p
ic.
-
T
h
e
s
tu
d
y
m
u
s
t
u
n
d
e
r
g
o
p
ee
r
r
ev
iew
o
r
b
e
a
Ph
.
D
.
o
r
m
aster
’
s
th
esis
.
T
h
eses
wer
e
i
n
clu
d
ed
d
u
e
to
p
r
elim
in
ar
y
s
ea
r
c
h
es in
d
icatin
g
a
lim
ited
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
s
tu
d
ies i
n
th
e
f
ield
.
-
T
h
e
s
tu
d
y
m
u
s
t b
e
in
E
n
g
lis
h
.
I
n
ter
m
s
o
f
ex
clu
s
io
n
c
r
iter
ia,
s
tu
d
ies we
r
e
o
n
ly
ex
clu
d
ed
if
t
h
ey
wer
e
n
o
t f
u
lly
av
ailab
le
th
r
o
u
g
h
th
e
S
au
d
i
Dig
ital
L
ib
r
ar
y
web
s
ite,
Go
o
g
le,
o
r
Go
o
g
le
Sch
o
la
r
.
Alth
o
u
g
h
s
o
m
e
s
tu
d
ies
wer
e
o
f
lo
w
q
u
ality
(
e.
g
.
,
lack
ed
em
p
ir
ical
ev
alu
a
tio
n
)
,
th
e
au
th
o
r
ch
o
s
e
n
o
t
t
o
ex
clu
d
e
th
em
b
ased
o
n
q
u
ality
.
T
h
is
d
ec
is
io
n
alig
n
s
with
o
n
e
o
f
o
u
r
o
b
jectiv
es,
wh
ich
is
to
o
b
t
ain
an
o
v
er
v
iew
o
f
th
e
s
tu
d
ies
in
th
e
f
i
eld
,
in
clu
d
i
n
g
t
h
eir
lim
itatio
n
s
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
t J I
n
f
&
C
o
m
m
u
n
T
ec
h
n
o
l
I
SS
N:
2252
-
8
7
7
6
A
s
ystema
tic
ma
p
p
in
g
s
tu
d
y:
e
xp
lo
r
in
g
is
la
mic
in
h
erit
a
n
ce
i
n
co
mp
u
tin
g
r
esea
r
ch
(
Gh
a
d
e
r
R
ed
a
K
u
r
d
i
)
599
2
.
2
.
Sea
rc
h str
a
t
eg
y
2
.
2
.
1
.
Da
t
a
s
o
urce
s
T
h
e
d
ata
s
o
u
r
ce
s
u
s
ed
in
clu
d
ed
elec
tr
o
n
ic
d
atab
ases
an
d
s
n
o
wb
allin
g
to
en
s
u
r
e
a
co
m
p
r
eh
en
s
iv
e
s
ea
r
ch
.
I
n
itially
,
th
e
s
ea
r
ch
was
co
n
d
u
cted
o
n
I
E
E
E
Xp
lo
r
e
,
AC
M
Dig
ita
l
L
ib
r
ar
y
,
an
d
d
b
lp
,
all
well
-
k
n
o
wn
f
o
r
th
eir
co
v
e
r
ag
e
o
f
s
tu
d
ies
i
n
th
e
co
m
p
u
tin
g
d
o
m
ain
.
Fu
r
t
h
er
m
o
r
e
,
th
e
s
ea
r
ch
ex
ten
d
e
d
to
b
r
o
a
d
er
lib
r
a
r
ies
s
u
ch
as Scien
ce
Dir
ec
t,
W
iley
On
lin
e
L
ib
r
ar
y
,
an
d
T
ay
lo
r
&
Fra
n
c
is
.
Var
io
u
s
k
ey
wo
r
d
s
wer
e
test
ed
,
in
clu
d
in
g
“i
n
h
er
itan
ce
”
co
m
b
in
ed
with
“I
s
lam
”,
“M
awa
r
is
”
o
r
“M
awa
r
th
”
(
th
e
R
o
m
an
ized
v
er
s
io
n
s
o
f
th
e
Ar
ab
ic
wo
r
d
“
ثي
ر
اوم
”)
,
as
well
as
“Far
aid
”
(
th
e
R
o
m
an
ized
v
er
s
io
n
s
o
f
th
e
Ar
ab
ic
wo
r
d
“
ضئ
ارف
”)
.
Ho
wev
er
,
th
e
R
o
m
an
ized
v
e
r
s
io
n
s
o
f
th
e
Ar
a
b
ic
wo
r
d
s
d
id
n
o
t
y
ield
an
y
r
esu
lts
.
T
h
er
ef
o
r
e,
th
e
k
ey
wo
r
d
s
“in
h
er
itan
ce
”
an
d
“I
s
lam
”
wer
e
s
elec
ted
.
T
h
e
au
t
h
o
r
r
ef
r
ain
e
d
f
r
o
m
ad
d
in
g
k
ey
wo
r
d
s
s
p
ec
if
ic
to
th
e
co
m
p
u
tin
g
f
ield
,
as
s
ea
r
ch
in
g
I
E
E
E
X
p
lo
r
e,
AC
M
Dig
ital
L
ib
r
ar
y
,
a
n
d
d
b
l
p
ty
p
ica
lly
y
ield
s
s
tu
d
ies r
elate
d
to
co
m
p
u
tin
g
.
Fu
r
t
h
er
m
o
r
e,
th
e
p
r
elim
in
ar
y
s
ea
r
ch
o
n
b
r
o
a
d
er
lib
r
ar
ies
s
u
ch
as
lik
e
Scien
ce
Dir
ec
t,
W
iley
O
n
lin
e
L
ib
r
ar
y
,
a
n
d
T
ay
lo
r
&
Fra
n
cis
s
h
o
wed
a
s
m
all
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
r
esu
lts
.
T
h
er
ef
o
r
e,
it wa
s
d
ec
id
ed
to
m
an
u
ally
f
ilter
th
e
r
esu
lts
r
elate
d
to
co
m
p
u
tin
g
.
2
.
2
.
2
.
Sea
rc
h query
T
h
e
s
ea
r
ch
u
tili
ze
d
th
e
k
ey
wo
r
d
s
th
e
k
ey
wo
r
d
s
“I
s
lam
”
an
d
“in
h
er
itan
ce
”,
co
m
b
in
e
d
with
th
e
“AN
D”
o
p
er
ato
r
.
Ho
wev
e
r
,
i
n
ce
r
tain
d
atab
ases
,
th
e
“AN
D”
o
p
er
at
o
r
was
n
o
t
u
s
ed
d
u
e
to
lack
o
f
s
u
p
p
o
r
t
o
r
b
ec
au
s
e
i
t
was
im
p
licitly
ap
p
lied
with
in
th
e
d
atab
ase
q
u
er
ie
s
.
W
h
en
s
ea
r
ch
q
u
er
ies
p
r
o
d
u
ce
d
a
lar
g
e
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
r
esu
lts
,
av
ailab
le
f
ilter
s
we
r
e
ap
p
lied
to
r
ef
in
e
th
e
s
ea
r
c
h
r
esu
lts
,
s
p
ec
if
ically
tar
g
etin
g
s
tu
d
ies
with
in
th
e
co
m
p
u
tin
g
d
o
m
ain
.
Fo
r
ex
a
m
p
le,
th
e
“e
n
g
in
ee
r
in
g
an
d
tech
n
o
lo
g
y
”
f
ilter
in
T
ay
lo
r
&
Fra
n
cis
was
u
til
ized
.
T
h
e
d
etails o
f
th
e
s
ea
r
ch
ar
e
p
r
o
v
id
ed
in
T
ab
le
1
.
T
ab
le
1
.
Deta
ils
o
f
s
ea
r
ch
D
a
t
a
b
a
s
e
s
S
e
a
r
c
h
q
u
e
r
i
e
s
F
i
l
t
e
r
s
I
EEE
X
p
l
o
r
e
(
“
A
l
l
M
e
t
a
d
a
t
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:
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(
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c
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Ti
t
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a
b
st
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k
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d
s:
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i
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A
b
s
t
r
a
c
t
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n
d
“
I
n
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”
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n
A
b
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r
a
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C
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p
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“
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K
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w
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s a
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d
“
i
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h
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t
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”
i
n
K
e
y
w
o
r
d
s
Ta
y
l
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r
& Fr
a
n
c
i
s O
n
l
i
n
e
-
[
A
b
st
r
a
c
t
:
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s
l
a
m]
A
N
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[
A
b
st
r
a
c
t
:
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h
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r
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t
a
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]
[
A
l
l
S
u
b
j
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c
t
s:
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n
g
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e
r
i
n
g
a
n
d
T
e
c
h
n
o
l
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g
y
]
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[
P
u
b
l
i
c
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t
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t
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:
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sl
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m]
A
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[
P
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]
-
[
K
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o
r
d
s:
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l
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m]
A
N
D
[
K
e
y
w
o
r
d
s
:
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n
h
e
r
i
t
a
n
c
e
]
2
.
2
.
3
.
Sn
o
wba
llin
g
Sn
o
wb
allin
g
was
th
e
p
r
im
a
r
y
s
tr
ateg
y
em
p
lo
y
ed
f
o
r
lo
c
atin
g
s
tu
d
ies,
as
th
e
p
r
elim
i
n
ar
y
s
ea
r
c
h
r
ev
ea
led
t
h
at
th
e
m
ajo
r
ity
o
f
r
elev
an
t
s
tu
d
ies
in
th
e
f
ield
wer
e
n
o
t
in
d
ex
ed
b
y
th
e
d
atab
as
es.
T
h
is
was
lik
ely
b
ec
au
s
e
th
ey
wer
e
p
u
b
lis
h
ed
i
n
jo
u
r
n
als
n
o
t
in
clu
d
ed
in
t
h
e
d
atab
ases
’
in
d
ex
es.
T
h
e
p
r
o
c
ess
o
f
s
n
o
wb
allin
g
b
eg
an
b
y
c
o
m
p
ilin
g
an
in
itial
s
et
o
f
k
n
o
wn
s
tu
d
ies,
f
o
llo
w
ed
b
y
ex
am
in
i
n
g
th
eir
r
ef
er
en
ce
lis
ts
to
id
en
tify
o
ld
er
r
elev
an
t
s
tu
d
ies
(
i.e
.
b
a
ck
war
d
s
n
o
wb
allin
g
)
.
Ad
d
itio
n
ally
,
th
e
“c
ited
b
y
”
o
p
tio
n
p
r
o
v
id
ed
b
y
Go
o
g
le
Sch
o
l
ar
was u
tili
ze
d
to
id
en
tif
y
n
ewe
r
r
ele
v
an
t stu
d
ies (
i.e
.
f
o
r
war
d
s
n
o
w
b
allin
g
)
.
2
.
2
.
4
.
Scre
ening
T
h
e
titl
e
an
d
ab
s
tr
ac
t
o
f
s
tu
d
ie
s
wer
e
u
s
ed
to
d
eter
m
i
n
e
th
eir
in
clu
s
io
n
.
T
h
is
r
esu
lted
in
an
in
itial
s
et
o
f
p
o
ten
tially
r
elev
a
n
t
s
tu
d
ie
s
.
T
h
e
elig
ib
ilit
y
o
f
t
h
ese
s
t
u
d
ies,
as
d
eter
m
in
e
d
b
y
th
e
titl
e
an
d
a
b
s
tr
ac
t,
was c
o
n
f
ir
m
ed
u
p
o
n
r
ea
d
i
n
g
t
h
e
f
u
ll p
a
p
er
s
.
2
.
3
.
Da
t
a
e
x
t
ra
ct
i
o
n
T
ab
le
2
p
r
esen
ts
th
e
r
esear
ch
q
u
esti
o
n
s
alo
n
g
s
id
e
th
e
co
r
r
esp
o
n
d
in
g
d
ata
r
eq
u
i
r
ed
to
an
s
wer
th
em
.
As
th
e
s
o
le
au
th
o
r
,
I
i
n
d
ep
e
n
d
en
tly
ex
tr
ac
te
d
d
ata
u
s
in
g
a
s
tan
d
ar
d
ized
f
o
r
m
to
m
in
im
iz
e
b
ias
an
d
im
p
r
o
v
e
co
n
s
is
ten
cy
.
T
h
is
p
r
o
ce
s
s
in
v
o
lv
ed
th
o
r
o
u
g
h
ly
r
ev
iewin
g
e
ac
h
s
elec
ted
s
tu
d
y
to
id
e
n
tify
an
d
r
ec
o
r
d
r
ele
v
an
t
in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
ac
cu
r
ately
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
2
5
2
-
8
7
7
6
I
n
t J I
n
f
&
C
o
m
m
u
n
T
ec
h
n
o
l
,
Vo
l.
15
,
No
.
2
,
J
u
n
e
20
26
:
5
9
7
-
6
0
6
600
T
ab
le
2
.
R
esear
ch
q
u
esti
o
n
s
an
d
r
eq
u
ir
ed
d
ata
RQ
D
a
t
a
t
o
b
e
e
x
t
r
a
c
t
e
d
R
Q
1
:
a.
P
u
b
l
i
c
a
t
i
o
n
y
e
a
r
b
.
Ty
p
e
o
f
st
u
d
y
c
.
P
u
b
l
i
c
a
t
i
o
n
v
e
n
u
e
d
.
A
u
t
h
o
r
s’
n
a
mes
,
a
f
f
i
l
i
a
t
i
o
n
s
a
n
d
c
o
u
n
t
r
y
R
Q
2
:
A
p
p
l
i
c
a
t
i
o
n
d
o
ma
i
n
w
i
t
h
i
n
I
sl
a
mi
c
i
n
h
e
r
i
t
a
n
c
e
R
Q
3
:
C
o
m
p
u
t
a
t
i
o
n
a
l
t
e
c
h
n
o
l
o
g
i
e
s
u
t
i
l
i
z
e
d
R
Q
4
:
Ty
p
e
o
f
e
mp
i
r
i
c
a
l
e
v
a
l
u
a
t
i
o
n
R
Q
5
:
P
r
e
v
i
o
u
sl
y
e
x
t
r
a
c
t
e
d
d
a
t
a
,
r
e
v
i
e
w
e
r
’
s
o
b
s
e
r
v
a
t
i
o
n
s
a
n
d
i
n
t
e
r
p
r
e
t
a
t
i
o
n
s
a
f
t
e
r
r
e
v
i
e
w
i
n
g
t
h
e
st
u
d
i
e
s
2
.
4
.
Q
ua
lit
y
a
s
s
ess
m
ent
No
q
u
ality
ass
es
s
m
en
t
was
p
er
f
o
r
m
ed
,
as
it
is
m
o
r
e
c
r
u
cial
in
s
y
s
tem
at
ic
r
ev
iews
c
o
m
p
ar
ed
to
s
y
s
tem
atic
m
ap
s
,
wh
er
e
q
u
ali
ty
ass
es
s
m
en
t
is
d
ee
m
ed
u
n
n
e
ce
s
s
ar
y
[
6
]
.
Ho
wev
er
,
s
in
ce
R
Q4
p
er
tain
s
to
th
e
ty
p
e
of
em
p
ir
ical
ev
alu
atio
n
ap
p
lied
,
th
e
au
t
h
o
r
p
r
o
v
id
e
s
s
o
m
e
o
b
s
er
v
atio
n
s
r
eg
ar
d
i
n
g
q
u
ality
.
T
h
ese
o
b
s
er
v
atio
n
s
o
f
f
er
in
s
ig
h
ts
i
n
to
th
e
r
ig
o
u
r
a
n
d
r
o
b
u
s
tn
e
s
s
o
f
th
e
em
p
ir
ical
ev
alu
ati
o
n
m
eth
o
d
s
u
s
ed
,
h
ig
h
lig
h
tin
g
p
o
te
n
tial iss
u
es a
n
d
g
u
i
d
in
g
f
u
tu
r
e
r
esear
ch
d
i
r
ec
tio
n
s
.
2
.
5
.
Ana
ly
s
is
a
nd
s
y
nthesis
T
h
e
au
th
o
r
ta
b
u
lated
an
d
o
r
g
an
ized
ea
ch
ex
tr
ac
ted
d
ata
item
in
to
co
m
m
o
n
th
em
es
u
s
in
g
R
co
d
e.
T
h
r
o
u
g
h
ca
teg
o
r
izatio
n
an
d
a
n
aly
s
is
,
p
atter
n
s
an
d
co
n
n
ec
ti
o
n
s
with
in
th
e
d
ata
wer
e
d
is
ce
r
n
ed
,
s
h
ed
d
i
n
g
lig
h
t
o
n
u
n
d
er
ly
in
g
tr
en
d
s
an
d
p
r
o
v
id
in
g
in
s
ig
h
ts
in
to
th
e
r
esea
r
ch
to
p
ic.
T
h
is
an
aly
s
is
r
ev
e
aled
ar
ea
s
o
f
b
o
th
co
n
s
en
s
u
s
an
d
d
iv
er
g
e
n
ce
with
in
th
e
liter
atu
r
e,
u
ltima
tely
en
h
an
cin
g
th
e
in
ter
p
r
etatio
n
o
f
f
in
d
in
g
s
an
d
g
u
id
in
g
f
u
tu
r
e
r
esear
ch
d
ir
ec
tio
n
s
.
3.
RE
SU
L
T
S AN
D
D
I
SCU
SS
I
O
N
3
.
1
.
Sea
rc
h a
nd
s
cr
ee
nin
g
Ov
er
all,
3
1
r
elev
an
t
s
tu
d
ies
wer
e
id
en
tifie
d
.
Fo
u
r
[
2
]
,
[
3
]
,
[
7
]
,
[
8
]
we
r
e
in
itially
id
e
n
tifie
d
th
r
o
u
g
h
elec
tr
o
n
ic
d
atab
ase
s
ea
r
ch
es,
b
u
t
o
n
ly
o
n
e
[
8
]
was
ex
clu
d
e
d
b
ec
au
s
e
th
e
f
u
ll
tex
t
was
u
n
av
ailab
le
;
th
e
o
th
er
th
r
ee
[
2
]
,
[
3
]
,
[
7
]
we
r
e
in
clu
d
ed
(
T
a
b
le
3
)
.
T
h
e
r
e
m
ain
in
g
2
7
s
tu
d
ies
wer
e
u
n
co
v
er
e
d
t
h
r
o
u
g
h
s
n
o
wb
allin
g
.
Ho
wev
er
,
o
n
e
[
9
]
was
ex
clu
d
ed
d
u
e
to
u
n
av
ailab
ilit
y
,
an
d
o
n
e
[
1
0
]
was
ex
cl
u
d
ed
f
o
r
b
e
in
g
in
a
n
o
n
-
p
ee
r
-
r
ev
iewe
d
f
o
r
m
at
(
i.e
.
,
p
r
esen
t
atio
n
)
.
Fu
r
th
e
r
m
o
r
e
,
th
r
ee
a
d
d
itio
n
al
s
tu
d
ies
wer
e
ex
clu
d
e
d
d
u
r
i
n
g
th
e
s
ec
o
n
d
p
h
ase
o
f
s
cr
ee
n
in
g
(
r
ea
d
in
g
t
h
e
f
u
ll
p
ap
er
s
)
:
o
n
e
[
1
1
]
was
n
o
t
in
E
n
g
lis
h
,
a
n
d
t
h
e
o
t
h
er
t
wo
[
1
2
]
,
[
1
3
]
wer
e
n
o
t
r
elev
an
t
to
th
e
r
ev
iew.
I
n
to
tal,
2
5
r
elev
a
n
t
s
tu
d
ies
wer
e
in
clu
d
ed
an
d
r
ev
iewe
d
u
s
in
g
b
o
th
m
et
h
o
d
s
.
T
ab
le
4
p
r
o
v
id
es
r
e
f
er
en
ce
s
to
b
o
th
in
cl
u
d
ed
a
n
d
e
x
clu
d
ed
s
tu
d
ies.
T
ab
le
3
.
Sear
ch
r
esu
lts
Da
t
a
b
a
s
e
s
N
o
.
o
f
r
e
s
u
l
t
s
N
o
.
o
f
r
e
l
e
v
a
n
t
st
u
d
i
e
s
R
e
f
e
r
e
n
c
e
s
I
EEE
X
p
l
o
r
e
5
0
A
C
M
D
i
g
i
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I
n
t J I
n
f
&
C
o
m
m
u
n
T
ec
h
n
o
l
I
SS
N:
2252
-
8
7
7
6
A
s
ystema
tic
ma
p
p
in
g
s
tu
d
y:
e
xp
lo
r
in
g
is
la
mic
in
h
erit
a
n
ce
i
n
co
mp
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tin
g
r
esea
r
ch
(
Gh
a
d
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R
ed
a
K
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r
d
i
)
601
Desp
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s
m
all
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m
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r
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tr
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ases
,
th
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ad
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e
ch
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k
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wo
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s
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s
ed
in
th
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s
ea
r
ch
q
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y
an
al
y
zin
g
th
e
titl
es
an
d
k
ey
wo
r
d
s
o
f
th
e
f
in
al
s
et
o
f
in
clu
d
e
d
s
tu
d
ie
s
(
Fig
u
r
e
1
)
.
T
h
e
an
aly
s
is
co
n
f
ir
m
ed
o
u
r
ch
o
ice
o
f
k
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y
wo
r
d
s
,
as
“I
s
lam
ic”
an
d
“in
h
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ce
”
wer
e
th
e
m
o
s
t f
r
eq
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en
t.
Fig
u
r
e
1
.
W
o
r
d
clo
u
d
d
is
p
lay
i
n
g
f
r
e
q
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en
t
k
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ig
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s
3
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2
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Da
t
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x
t
ra
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3
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2
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1
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P
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lica
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y
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r
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2
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s
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ly
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2
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a
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O
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all,
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ter
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o
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Fig
u
r
e
2
.
Pu
b
licatio
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3
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2
.
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2
1
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a
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ter
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,
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tu
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Ho
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it is
cr
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to
h
ig
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lig
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at
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o
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ies in
v
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ar
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s
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itio
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th
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m
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law,
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m
ater
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ap
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v
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Up
o
n
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to
th
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n
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x
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s
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in
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atab
ases
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ch
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Sco
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d
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SI
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cial
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au
s
e
it
in
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icate
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th
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jo
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r
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to
ce
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t
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tan
d
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s
a
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d
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u
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ject
to
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ig
o
r
o
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s
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alu
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p
r
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ce
s
s
es.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
2
5
2
-
8
7
7
6
I
n
t J I
n
f
&
C
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m
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T
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,
Vo
l.
15
,
No
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2
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J
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n
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20
26
:
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3
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2
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3
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68
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Sajed
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s
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d
with
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e
af
f
iliatio
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s
o
f
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.
R
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af
f
iliated
with
in
s
titu
tio
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s
in
I
n
d
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Ma
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s
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ican
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ab
le
6
.
C
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n
tr
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o
f
r
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s
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af
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with
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ly
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ce
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ea
ch
s
tu
d
y
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if
m
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ltip
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au
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17
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th
e
au
th
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s
with
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ailab
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etails
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elate
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u
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ter
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o
r
in
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r
m
atics.
O
f
th
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17
s
tu
d
ies,
s
ev
en
f
ea
tu
r
ed
m
u
ltid
is
cip
lin
ar
y
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llab
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n
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e
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8
]
in
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ts
Fu
n
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en
tals
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o
n
e
[
1
7
]
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[
21
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th
e
Dep
ar
tm
en
t
o
f
Fam
ily
L
aw
an
d
th
e
De
p
ar
tm
en
t
o
f
I
n
f
o
r
m
atics,
o
n
e
[
1
]
in
v
o
lv
in
g
th
e
Sch
o
o
l
o
f
C
o
m
p
u
tin
g
an
d
th
e
Sch
o
o
l
o
f
C
r
ea
tiv
e
I
n
d
u
s
tr
y
Ma
n
ag
e
m
en
t
an
d
Per
f
o
r
m
in
g
Ar
ts
,
o
n
e
[
33
]
in
v
o
l
v
in
g
t
h
e
C
o
lleg
e
o
f
C
o
m
p
u
tin
g
,
I
n
f
o
r
m
atics,
an
d
Me
d
ia
an
d
th
e
I
n
s
titu
te
o
f
Ma
lay
T
h
o
u
g
h
t
an
d
L
ea
d
er
s
h
ip
,
on
e
[
3
]
in
v
o
l
v
in
g
th
e
C
o
lleg
e
o
f
C
o
m
p
u
ter
an
d
I
n
f
o
r
m
atio
n
Sc
ien
ce
s
an
d
E
lm
co
m
p
a
n
y
,
a
n
d
o
n
e
[2
9
]
in
v
o
lv
in
g
th
e
De
p
ar
tm
en
t
o
f
C
o
m
p
u
ter
Scien
ce
&
E
n
g
in
ee
r
in
g
an
d
th
e
Dep
ar
tm
en
t
o
f
Me
d
ical
Ph
y
s
ics.
T
h
er
e
was
also
a
s
tu
d
y
[
2
5
]
in
v
o
lv
in
g
co
llab
o
r
atio
n
b
etwe
en
au
t
h
o
r
s
f
r
o
m
th
e
Dep
ar
tm
en
t
o
f
Ma
t
h
em
atics
an
d
th
e
E
th
n
o
s
cien
c
e
R
esear
ch
C
en
ter
.
Ad
d
itio
n
ally
,
in
one
s
tu
d
y
[
2
7
]
,
th
e
au
th
o
r
was
af
f
iliated
with
th
e
L
aw
C
o
lleg
e
;
in
an
o
th
er
[
34
]
,
th
e
au
th
o
r
s
th
e
au
th
o
r
s
wer
e
ass
o
ciate
d
w
ith
th
e
Facu
lty
o
f
I
s
lam
ic
Stu
d
ies;
an
d
in
a
th
ir
d
s
tu
d
y
[2
6
]
,
t
h
e
au
th
o
r
was
p
ar
t
o
f
Sh
ar
ia
E
co
n
o
m
ic
Ap
p
lied
R
esear
ch
an
d
T
r
ain
in
g
(
SMART)
I
n
d
o
n
esia.
No
te
th
at
f
o
u
r
s
tu
d
ies
lack
ed
in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
ab
o
u
t a
f
f
iliatio
n
s
[1
5
]
,
[
22
]
,
[
30
]
,
[
32
]
.
N
a
me
S
c
o
p
u
s
o
r
I
S
I
i
n
d
e
x
e
d
#
s
t
u
d
i
e
s
Ju
r
n
a
l
K
e
j
u
r
u
t
e
r
a
a
n
(
En
g
i
n
e
e
r
i
n
g
J
o
u
r
n
a
l
)
No
2
A
f
r
i
c
a
n
Jo
u
r
n
a
l
o
f
C
o
m
p
u
t
i
n
g
& I
C
T
No
1
Al
-
A
h
w
a
l
:
J
u
r
n
a
l
H
u
k
u
m
K
e
l
u
a
r
g
a
I
sl
a
m (A
l
-
A
h
w
a
l
:
J
o
u
r
n
a
l
o
f
I
sl
a
m
i
c
F
a
mi
l
y
L
a
w
)
S
c
o
p
u
s
1
AL
-
B
a
h
i
r
J
o
u
r
n
a
l
f
o
r
N
a
t
u
r
a
l
a
n
d
En
g
i
n
e
e
r
i
n
g
R
e
se
a
r
c
h
a
n
d
S
t
u
d
i
e
s
No
1
B
I
TA
R
A
I
n
t
e
r
n
a
t
i
o
n
a
l
J
o
u
r
n
a
l
o
f
C
i
v
i
l
i
z
a
t
i
o
n
a
l
S
t
u
d
i
e
s
a
n
d
H
u
ma
n
S
c
i
e
n
c
e
s
No
1
El
k
a
w
n
i
e
:
J
o
u
r
n
a
l
o
f
I
sl
a
mi
c
S
c
i
e
n
c
e
a
n
d
T
e
c
h
n
o
l
o
g
y
No
1
Ex
p
e
r
t
S
y
s
t
e
ms
B
o
t
h
1
F
a
r
a
’
i
d
a
n
d
W
e
a
l
t
h
M
a
n
a
g
e
m
e
n
t
No
1
I
A
ES
I
n
t
e
r
n
a
t
i
o
n
a
l
J
o
u
r
n
a
l
o
f
A
r
t
i
f
i
c
i
a
l
I
n
t
e
l
l
i
g
e
n
t
(
I
J
-
A
I
)
S
c
o
p
u
s
1
I
n
d
o
n
e
si
a
n
J
o
u
r
n
a
l
o
f
El
e
c
t
r
i
c
a
l
E
n
g
i
n
e
e
r
i
n
g
a
n
d
C
o
mp
u
t
e
r
S
c
i
e
n
c
e
S
c
o
p
u
s
1
I
n
f
o
r
mat
i
o
n
a
n
d
K
n
o
w
l
e
d
g
e
M
a
n
a
g
e
men
t
No
1
I
n
t
e
r
n
a
t
i
o
n
a
l
Jo
u
r
n
a
l
o
f
A
r
t
i
f
i
c
i
a
l
I
n
t
e
l
l
i
g
e
n
c
e
(
I
JA
I
)
No
1
I
n
t
e
r
n
a
t
i
o
n
a
l
Jo
u
r
n
a
l
o
f
C
o
m
p
u
t
e
r
S
c
i
e
n
c
e
Tr
e
n
d
s
a
n
d
Te
c
h
n
o
l
o
g
y
(
I
JC
S
T)
No
1
Jo
u
r
n
a
l
o
f
A
d
v
a
n
c
e
d
R
e
se
a
r
c
h
i
n
A
p
p
l
i
e
d
S
c
i
e
n
c
e
s
a
n
d
En
g
i
n
e
e
r
i
n
g
T
e
c
h
n
o
l
o
g
y
S
c
o
p
u
s
1
Jo
u
r
n
a
l
o
f
A
d
v
a
n
c
e
d
R
e
se
a
r
c
h
i
n
D
y
n
a
mi
c
a
l
a
n
d
C
o
n
t
r
o
l
S
y
st
e
ms
No
1
Jo
u
r
n
a
l
o
f
H
i
g
h
e
r
E
d
u
c
a
t
i
o
n
I
n
st
i
t
u
t
i
o
n
s
No
1
Jo
u
r
n
a
l
o
f
I
sl
a
mi
c
T
h
o
u
g
h
t
a
n
d
C
i
v
i
l
i
z
a
t
i
o
n
S
c
o
p
u
s
1
Jo
u
r
n
a
l
o
f
K
i
n
g
S
a
u
d
U
n
i
v
e
r
si
t
y
-
C
o
m
p
u
t
e
r
a
n
d
I
n
f
o
r
m
a
t
i
o
n
S
c
i
e
n
c
e
s
S
c
o
p
u
s
1
K
n
o
w
b
a
s
e
:
I
n
t
e
r
n
a
t
i
o
n
a
l
J
o
u
r
n
a
l
o
f
K
n
o
w
l
e
d
g
e
i
n
D
a
t
a
b
a
se
No
1
W
o
r
l
d
J
o
u
r
n
a
l
o
f
A
d
v
a
n
c
e
d
R
e
se
a
r
c
h
a
n
d
R
e
v
i
e
w
s
No
1
W
o
r
l
d
W
i
d
e
J
o
u
r
n
a
l
o
f
M
u
l
t
i
d
i
sc
i
p
l
i
n
a
r
y
R
e
s
e
a
r
c
h
a
n
d
D
e
v
e
l
o
p
me
n
t
I
S
I
1
Th
e
T
h
i
r
d
I
n
t
e
r
n
a
t
i
o
n
a
l
C
o
n
f
e
r
e
n
c
e
o
n
P
h
y
s
i
c
s
o
f
M
a
t
e
r
i
a
l
s &
N
a
n
o
t
e
c
h
n
o
l
o
g
y
,
p
u
b
l
i
s
h
e
d
i
n
I
O
P
C
o
n
f
e
r
e
n
c
e
S
e
r
i
e
s:
M
a
t
e
r
i
a
l
s
S
c
i
e
n
c
e
a
n
d
E
n
g
i
n
e
e
r
i
n
g
-
1
Th
e
2
0
1
7
I
n
t
e
r
n
a
t
i
o
n
a
l
C
o
n
f
e
r
e
n
c
e
o
n
D
a
t
a
M
i
n
i
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g
,
C
o
m
mu
n
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c
a
t
i
o
n
s a
n
d
I
n
f
o
r
ma
t
i
o
n
Te
c
h
n
o
l
o
g
y
-
1
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
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&
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2252
-
8
7
7
6
A
s
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tic
ma
p
p
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tu
d
y:
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xp
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r
in
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la
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ch
(
Gh
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ed
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)
603
Alth
o
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th
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e
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o
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lla
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ter
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ip
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ig
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if
ican
tly
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ich
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esear
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teg
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atin
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e
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ec
ti
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eth
o
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tis
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ticu
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llab
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th
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p
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g
in
I
s
lam
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law
an
d
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tu
d
ies
ca
n
b
r
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allen
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lam
.
3
.
2
.
4
.
Appl
ica
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n do
m
a
in
T
ab
le
7
p
r
esen
ts
a
co
m
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iew
o
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ap
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is
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tio
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wh
ich
in
v
o
l
v
e
b
o
th
s
y
s
tem
d
ev
elo
p
m
en
t
(
14
s
tu
d
ies
[
1
]
,
[
3
]
,
[
7
]
,
[
1
4
]
,
[
1
5
]
,
[
1
7
]
-
[
2
0
]
,
[
2
2
]
,
[
2
3
]
,
[
2
5
]
,
[
2
9
]
,
[
3
1
]
)
an
d
ev
alu
atin
g
e
x
is
tin
g
in
h
er
itan
ce
ca
lcu
lato
r
s
(
2
s
tu
d
ies
[
2
7
]
,
[
3
2
]
)
.
T
ab
le
7
.
Ov
e
r
v
iew
o
f
r
ev
iewe
d
s
tu
d
ies
Ref
A
p
p
l
i
c
a
t
i
o
n
d
o
ma
i
n
C
o
m
p
u
t
a
t
i
o
n
a
l
t
e
c
h
n
o
l
o
g
i
e
s
Ev
a
l
u
a
t
i
o
n
[
14]
C
a
l
c
u
l
a
t
i
n
g
w
e
a
l
t
h
d
i
st
r
i
b
u
t
i
o
n
W
e
b
-
b
a
se
d
sy
s
t
e
m
N
o
e
v
a
l
u
a
t
i
o
n
[1
5
]
C
a
l
c
u
l
a
t
i
n
g
w
e
a
l
t
h
d
i
st
r
i
b
u
t
i
o
n
W
e
b
-
b
a
se
d
e
x
p
e
r
t
s
y
st
e
m
Te
st
i
n
g
t
h
e
s
y
st
e
m
o
n
t
e
st
c
a
ses
d
e
v
e
l
o
p
e
d
b
y
d
o
m
a
i
n
e
x
p
e
r
t
s
[1
6
]
M
o
d
e
l
i
n
g
a
sp
e
c
t
s re
l
a
t
e
d
t
o
i
n
h
e
r
i
t
a
n
c
e
i
n
I
sl
a
m
K
n
o
w
l
e
d
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p
licatio
n
o
f
I
s
lam
ic
in
h
er
itan
ce
law.
T
h
es
e
tech
n
o
lo
g
ies
in
clu
d
e
ex
p
er
t
s
y
s
tem
s
,
web
-
b
ased
s
y
s
tem
s
,
m
o
b
ile
ap
p
licatio
n
s
,
k
n
o
wled
g
e
b
ases
,
an
d
tex
t
a
n
aly
ze
r
s
.
Stu
d
ies
in
v
esti
g
atin
g
th
e
ca
lcu
latio
n
o
f
wea
lth
d
is
tr
ib
u
tio
n
r
ev
ea
l
a
m
u
ltifa
ce
ted
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
t
o
ad
d
r
ess
in
g
th
is
t
ask
.
E
x
p
er
t
s
y
s
tem
s
h
av
e
b
ee
n
p
r
o
m
in
en
tly
f
e
a
tu
r
ed
in
th
is
d
o
m
ain
,
with
f
o
u
r
s
tu
d
ies
d
ed
icate
d
to
th
eir
u
tili
za
tio
n
.
H
o
wev
er
,
th
e
lan
d
s
ca
p
e
is
f
u
r
th
er
en
r
ich
e
d
b
y
a
d
iv
e
r
s
e
ar
r
a
y
o
f
ap
p
licatio
n
s
s
p
an
n
in
g
d
if
f
er
en
t p
latf
o
r
m
s
,
in
cl
u
d
in
g
co
m
p
u
ter
s
,
m
o
b
ile
d
e
v
ices,
an
d
th
e
web
.
3
.
2
.
6
.
E
v
a
lua
t
io
n
A
s
ig
n
if
ican
t
lim
itatio
n
h
ig
h
li
g
h
ted
i
n
T
ab
le
7
is
th
e
lack
o
f
ev
alu
atio
n
in
m
an
y
s
tu
d
ies.
S
ev
er
al
s
tu
d
ies
m
en
tio
n
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
al
o
r
d
e
v
e
lo
p
m
en
t
o
f
co
m
p
u
tatio
n
al
s
o
lu
tio
n
s
with
o
u
t
s
u
b
s
eq
u
en
t
e
v
alu
atio
n
o
r
test
in
g
.
Fo
r
in
s
tan
ce
,
i
n
th
e
co
n
te
x
t
o
f
wea
lth
d
is
tr
ib
u
tio
n
ca
lc
u
latio
n
,
eig
h
t
o
u
t
o
f
14
s
tu
d
ies
lack
em
p
ir
ical
v
alid
atio
n
.
E
v
en
in
s
tu
d
ies
em
p
lo
y
in
g
em
p
ir
ical
e
v
alu
atio
n
,
s
u
ch
as
test
in
g
o
n
test
ca
s
es
d
ev
elo
p
ed
b
y
d
o
m
ain
ex
p
e
r
ts
o
r
co
m
p
ar
is
o
n
with
h
u
m
an
ex
p
er
t
o
p
in
io
n
s
,
th
er
e
ar
e
n
o
tab
le
lim
itatio
n
s
in
th
e
ev
alu
atio
n
m
eth
o
d
s
an
d
r
e
p
o
r
tin
g
ac
r
o
s
s
th
e
s
tu
d
ies.
Fo
r
ex
am
p
le,
th
er
e
is
a
lack
o
f
d
etailed
in
f
o
r
m
a
tio
n
o
n
ev
alu
atio
n
p
r
o
ce
d
u
r
es,
s
u
ch
as
th
e
in
s
tr
u
ctio
n
s
p
r
o
v
id
e
d
to
h
u
m
a
n
ex
p
er
ts
o
r
th
e
r
atio
n
ale
b
eh
in
d
th
e
s
elec
tio
n
o
f
s
o
m
e
test
ca
s
es,
m
ak
in
g
it
u
n
clea
r
h
o
w
co
m
p
lete
o
r
t
r
u
s
ted
th
e
s
y
s
tem
s
ar
e.
I
n
g
e
n
er
al,
m
o
r
e
r
ig
o
r
o
u
s
em
p
ir
ical
test
in
g
an
d
s
tan
d
ar
d
ized
e
v
a
lu
atio
n
cr
iter
ia
ar
e
n
ee
d
e
d
t
o
v
alid
ate
th
e
ef
f
ec
tiv
e
n
ess
an
d
r
eliab
ilit
y
o
f
co
m
p
u
tatio
n
al
s
o
lu
tio
n
s
in
th
i
s
d
o
m
ain
.
4.
CO
NCLU
SI
O
N
I
n
co
n
clu
s
io
n
,
th
is
s
y
s
tem
atic
m
ap
p
in
g
o
f
f
er
s
an
o
v
er
v
iew
o
f
th
e
lan
d
s
ca
p
e
with
in
th
e
d
o
m
ain
o
f
I
s
lam
ic
in
h
er
itan
ce
an
d
co
m
p
u
tin
g
tech
n
o
l
o
g
ies.
T
h
e
p
u
b
licatio
n
tr
en
d
s
u
n
d
er
s
co
r
e
s
u
s
tain
ed
in
ter
est
an
d
d
ev
elo
p
m
e
n
t,
s
p
an
n
in
g
f
r
o
m
2
00
4
to
2
0
2
4
.
R
esear
ch
er
s
f
r
o
m
d
iv
er
s
e
d
is
cip
lin
es
an
d
co
u
n
tr
ies
co
n
tr
ib
u
te
to
th
is
f
ield
,
with
a
n
o
tab
le
c
o
n
ce
n
tr
atio
n
o
f
r
esear
ch
er
s
f
r
o
m
So
u
th
ea
s
t
Asi
a
an
d
b
ac
k
g
r
o
u
n
d
s
i
n
co
m
p
u
tin
g
.
T
h
e
m
ap
p
i
n
g
r
e
v
ea
ls
n
o
tab
le
in
ter
est
in
th
e
d
ev
elo
p
m
en
t
o
f
co
m
p
u
tatio
n
al
ar
tifa
cts
aim
ed
at
f
ac
ilit
atin
g
th
e
co
m
p
u
tatio
n
o
f
in
h
er
itan
ce
s
h
ar
es,
in
clu
d
in
g
ex
p
er
t sy
s
tem
s
,
web
-
b
ased
s
y
s
tem
s
,
an
d
m
o
b
ile
ap
p
licatio
n
s
.
On
e
o
f
th
e
lim
itatio
n
s
id
en
ti
f
ied
is
th
e
ab
s
en
ce
o
f
em
p
i
r
ical
ev
alu
atio
n
in
th
e
r
e
v
iewe
d
s
tu
d
ies.
I
n
th
o
s
e
wh
er
e
ev
alu
atio
n
ex
is
ts
,
we
o
b
s
er
v
ed
s
h
o
r
tco
m
in
g
s
in
r
ep
o
r
tin
g
an
d
th
e
ab
s
en
ce
o
f
ag
r
ee
d
-
u
p
o
n
ev
alu
atio
n
cr
iter
ia.
Ho
wev
er
,
th
is
m
ap
p
in
g
d
id
n
o
t
ex
tr
ac
t
d
etailed
in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
ab
o
u
t
ex
p
er
im
en
tal
s
ettin
g
s
,
an
d
th
er
e
f
o
r
e,
f
u
r
th
e
r
s
tu
d
ies a
r
e
n
ee
d
ed
to
v
alid
ate
t
h
e
r
ig
o
r
o
f
th
e
ev
al
u
atio
n
p
r
o
ce
s
s
.
T
h
ese
o
b
s
er
v
atio
n
s
c
o
llectiv
ely
h
ig
h
lig
h
t
th
e
m
u
ltifa
ce
ted
n
atu
r
e
o
f
r
esear
ch
an
d
d
e
v
elo
p
m
en
t
ef
f
o
r
ts
aim
ed
at
lev
er
a
g
in
g
tech
n
o
lo
g
y
to
ad
d
r
ess
ch
allen
g
es
r
elate
d
to
I
s
lam
ic
in
h
e
r
itan
ce
.
T
h
ey
also
u
n
d
er
s
co
r
e
th
e
p
o
ten
tial f
o
r
f
u
r
th
er
co
llab
o
r
atio
n
,
e
v
alu
atio
n
,
an
d
in
n
o
v
atio
n
in
th
is
f
ield
.
ACK
NO
WL
E
DG
M
E
N
T
S
T
h
e
au
th
o
r
g
r
ate
f
u
lly
th
a
n
k
s
th
e
r
ev
iewe
r
s
f
o
r
th
eir
f
ee
d
b
ac
k
.
F
UNDING
I
NF
O
R
M
A
T
I
O
N
T
h
e
a
u
th
o
r
s
s
tate
n
o
f
u
n
d
in
g
in
v
o
lv
e
d
.
AUTHO
R
CO
NT
RI
B
UT
I
O
NS ST
A
T
E
M
E
N
T
T
h
is
jo
u
r
n
al
u
s
es
th
e
C
o
n
tr
ib
u
to
r
R
o
les
T
ax
o
n
o
m
y
(
C
R
ed
iT)
to
r
ec
o
g
n
ize
in
d
iv
id
u
al
au
th
o
r
co
n
tr
ib
u
tio
n
s
,
r
ed
u
ce
au
th
o
r
s
h
ip
d
is
p
u
tes,
an
d
f
ac
ilit
ate
co
llab
o
r
atio
n
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
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[
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A
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