I
n
t
e
r
n
at
ion
al
Jou
r
n
a
l
of
I
n
f
o
r
m
at
ics
an
d
Com
m
u
n
icat
ion
T
e
c
h
n
ol
ogy
(
I
J
-
I
CT
)
Vo
l
.
15
,
N
o
.
2
,
J
un
e
20
26
,
pp.
7
4
1
~
7
4
9
I
S
S
N:
2252
-
8776
,
DO
I
:
10
.
11591/i
ji
c
t
.
v
15
i
2
.
pp
7
4
1
-
7
4
9
741
Jou
r
n
al
h
o
m
e
page
:
ht
tp:
//
ij
ict
.
iaes
c
or
e
.
c
om
B
u
si
n
e
ss i
n
t
e
ll
ig
e
n
c
e
an
d
i
t
s i
m
p
ac
t
on
or
gan
i
z
at
io
n
al
d
e
c
is
io
n
-
m
a
k
in
g:
a sy
st
e
m
at
ic
r
e
v
ie
w
Ce
s
a
r
P
at
r
icio
-
P
e
r
a
l
t
a
1
,
Her
n
an
P
e
ñ
a
Car
n
e
r
o
1
,
Je
s
ú
s
Z
am
o
r
a
M
on
d
r
agon
1
,
Adan
E
u
ge
n
io
Con
t
r
e
r
as
Ange
l
e
s
1
,
M
ar
in
a
Var
gas
Ve
ga
2
,
Wal
t
e
r
P
at
r
icio
P
e
r
a
l
t
a
3
,
M
ar
c
o
M
ayor
Ravin
e
s
4
,
J
u
an
M
ayor
Gam
e
r
o
4
,
Ce
s
a
r
P
ac
c
h
a
Ruf
a
s
t
o
5
1
F
a
c
ul
t
y
of
E
ngi
n
e
e
r
in
g, U
ni
ve
r
s
id
a
d
T
e
c
n
o
ló
gi
c
a
de
l
P
e
r
ú,
L
i
ma
, P
e
r
ú
2
F
a
c
ul
t
y
of
E
ngi
n
e
e
r
in
g, U
ni
ve
r
s
id
a
d N
a
c
i
o
na
l
F
e
d
e
r
i
c
o
V
il
la
r
r
e
a
l,
L
im
a
, P
e
r
ú
3
F
a
c
ul
t
y
of
P
s
y
c
h
o
l
o
g
y
, U
ni
ve
r
s
id
a
d C
ie
nt
í
f
i
c
a
de
l
S
ur
,
L
i
ma
,
P
e
r
ú
4
F
a
c
ul
t
y
of
A
dmi
ni
s
tr
a
ti
ve
S
c
i
e
nc
e
s
, U
ni
v
e
r
s
id
a
d N
a
c
i
o
na
l
M
a
y
or
d
e
S
a
n M
a
r
c
o
s
,
L
im
a
, P
e
r
ú
5
F
a
c
ul
t
y
of
A
r
c
hi
t
e
c
tu
r
e
, U
ni
v
e
r
s
id
a
d N
a
c
i
o
na
l
de
I
nge
n
ie
r
ía
,
L
im
a
, P
e
r
ú
Ar
t
ic
l
e
I
n
f
o
AB
S
T
RA
CT
A
r
ti
c
le
h
is
tor
y
:
R
e
c
e
i
ve
d
S
e
p
19,
2025
R
e
vi
s
e
d
A
pr
1,
2026
A
c
c
e
pt
e
d
S
e
p
19
,
202
6
T
h
i
s
re
s
e
ar
c
h
e
x
a
m
i
n
e
s
i
n
d
e
t
ai
l
h
o
w
b
u
s
i
n
e
s
s
i
n
t
el
l
i
g
en
ce
(B
I
)
s
u
p
p
o
rt
s
an
d
g
u
i
d
e
s
o
rg
a
n
i
zat
i
o
n
s
i
n
d
eci
s
i
o
n
-
m
ak
i
n
g
f
o
r
t
h
ei
r
p
l
a
n
s
.
T
h
e
p
ap
e
r
w
arn
s
t
h
at
t
h
e
B
I
t
o
o
l
m
u
s
t
b
e
ad
ap
t
ed
t
o
u
s
e
rs
'
r
e
al
n
eed
s
.
I
t
's
s
u
p
e
r
c
ru
ci
al
t
o
k
ee
p
al
l
t
h
e
i
m
p
o
rt
an
t
i
n
f
o
i
n
o
n
e
s
p
o
t
.
T
h
i
s
o
p
t
i
m
i
z
e
s
r
e
s
o
u
rce
s
a
n
d
b
o
o
s
t
s
t
h
e
s
y
s
t
em
'
s
c
ap
ab
i
l
i
t
i
e
s
.
T
h
e
s
t
u
d
y
u
s
ed
a
s
e
t
ap
p
ro
ac
h
t
o
t
ac
k
l
e
i
t
s
m
ai
n
q
u
e
s
t
i
o
n
.
T
h
i
s
i
n
c
l
u
d
ed
mu
c
h
s
e
ar
c
h
i
n
g
t
h
r
o
u
g
h
b
i
g
s
c
i
en
ce
l
i
s
t
s
.
S
c
o
p
u
s
an
d
W
e
b
o
f
S
ci
e
n
ce
w
e
r
e
o
n
t
h
e
l
i
s
t
.
T
h
e
s
e
arch
t
e
r
m
w
as
a
p
art
i
cu
l
ar
w
o
r
d
u
s
e
d
t
o
p
i
n
p
o
i
n
t
d
o
c
u
men
t
s
.
T
h
e
r
e
v
i
ew
l
o
o
k
ed
at
s
t
u
d
i
e
s
fr
o
m
2
0
1
9
t
o
2
0
2
5
.
I
n
i
t
i
a
l
l
y
,
w
e
fo
u
n
d
7
7
p
ap
e
rs
.
Ru
l
e
s
w
e
r
e
t
h
en
a
p
p
l
i
e
d
t
o
i
n
cl
u
d
e
o
r
e
x
cl
u
d
e
p
ap
e
rs
.
T
h
e
s
e
d
e
s
c
art
e
s
c
ri
t
e
ri
a
t
ak
e
i
n
t
o
a
cc
o
u
n
t
t
h
e
k
i
n
d
o
f
p
ap
e
r,
t
h
e
l
a
n
g
u
ag
e
u
s
e
d
,
an
d
h
o
w
r
el
e
v
a
n
t
i
t
i
s
t
o
t
h
e
s
u
b
j
ec
t
.
I
n
t
h
e
e
n
d
,
2
4
p
ap
e
rs
w
en
t
t
h
ro
u
g
h
t
h
e
p
ee
r
r
e
v
i
ew
p
ro
ce
s
s
.
T
h
e
s
e
w
er
e
r
e
v
i
ew
ed
fo
l
l
o
w
i
n
g
t
h
e
p
re
fe
rr
ed
r
e
p
o
rt
i
n
g
i
t
em
s
fo
r
s
y
s
t
em
at
i
c
r
e
v
i
ew
s
an
d
me
t
a
-
an
a
l
y
s
e
s
(
PRI
SM
A
)
g
u
i
d
el
i
n
e
s
.
T
h
e
fi
n
d
i
n
g
s
i
n
d
i
c
at
e
t
h
at
t
h
e
ap
p
l
i
c
at
i
o
n
o
f
B
I
c
o
n
s
i
d
e
rab
l
y
i
m
p
ro
v
e
s
t
h
e
g
r
o
u
p
’s
ab
i
l
i
t
y
t
o
at
t
ai
n
s
u
p
e
ri
o
r
g
o
a
l
s
.
S
o
me
re
s
e
ar
ch
s
h
o
w
ed
a
9
3
%
b
o
o
s
t
i
n
p
ro
d
u
c
t
i
v
i
t
y
.
Pro
fi
t
s
w
en
t
u
p
b
y
6
5
%
,
t
o
o
.
T
h
e
s
e
r
e
s
u
l
t
s
c
o
me
o
n
l
y
fr
o
m
art
i
c
l
e
s
w
r
i
t
t
e
n
i
n
E
n
g
l
i
s
h
,
Sp
an
i
s
h
,
a
n
d
Po
rt
u
g
u
e
s
e
.
T
h
ey
m
a
i
n
l
y
f
o
c
u
s
o
n
e
x
p
l
ai
n
i
n
g
t
h
e
fu
n
c
t
i
o
n
i
n
g
i
n
w
e
a
l
t
h
i
e
r
n
at
i
o
n
s
.
T
h
e
r
e
s
u
l
t
s
r
e
al
l
y
s
h
o
w
o
ff
t
h
e
m
ai
n
p
e
rk
s
o
f
B
I
.
I
t
fa
ci
l
i
t
at
e
s
i
n
fo
r
med
d
ec
i
s
i
o
n
-
m
a
k
i
n
g
mo
r
e
e
as
i
l
y
f
o
r
al
l
o
rg
a
n
i
s
at
i
o
n
s
K
e
y
w
o
r
d
s
:
B
us
i
ne
s
s
i
n
t
e
l
li
ge
n
c
e
B
us
i
ne
s
s
i
n
t
e
l
li
ge
n
c
e
s
y
s
t
e
m
B
us
i
ne
s
s
p
l
a
nni
ng
S
tr
a
t
e
g
i
c
de
c
i
s
i
o
n
-
m
a
k
i
n
g
S
y
s
t
e
m
a
t
i
c
li
t
e
r
a
t
ur
e
r
e
vi
e
w
Th
i
s
i
s
a
n
o
p
en
a
c
ces
s
a
r
t
i
c
l
e
u
n
d
e
r
t
h
e
CC
B
Y
-
SA
l
i
cen
s
e.
C
or
r
e
s
pon
din
g
A
u
th
or
:
C
e
s
a
r
P
a
t
r
i
c
i
o
-
P
e
r
a
l
t
a
F
a
c
u
l
t
y
o
f
E
n
g
i
ne
e
r
i
ng,
Uni
ve
r
s
i
da
d
T
e
c
n
o
l
ó
g
i
c
a
de
l
P
e
r
ú
L
i
m
a
,
P
e
r
ú
E
m
a
i
l
:
c
e
s
a
r
.
pa
t
r
i
c
i
o
@
o
ut
l
o
o
k
.
e
s
1.
I
NT
RODU
C
T
I
ON
I
n
b
u
s
i
ne
s
s
n
o
w,
us
i
n
g
da
t
a
s
m
a
r
t
l
y
i
s
a
m
us
t
f
o
r
goo
d
de
c
i
s
i
o
n
-
m
a
k
i
ng
a
n
d
s
t
a
y
i
ng
a
h
e
a
d
[
1]
,
[
2]
.
B
us
i
ne
s
s
i
n
t
e
l
li
ge
n
c
e
(
B
I
)
us
e
d
to
b
e
j
us
t
f
o
r
bi
g
c
o
m
pa
ni
e
s
,
b
ut
n
o
w
i
t
’
s
ne
e
de
d
f
o
r
s
m
a
ll
a
n
d
m
e
d
iu
m
-
s
i
z
e
d
b
us
i
ne
s
s
e
s
(
S
M
E
s
)
,
whi
c
h
o
f
t
e
n
ha
v
e
tr
o
ubl
e
m
a
n
a
g
i
ng
da
t
a
a
n
d
do
n
’
t
h
a
v
e
a
l
o
t
o
f
r
e
s
o
ur
c
e
s
[
3
]
,
[
4]
.
I
f
S
M
E
s
a
r
e
n'
t
r
e
a
dy
,
t
h
e
y
c
a
n'
t
r
e
s
po
n
d
f
a
s
t
o
r
c
o
m
p
e
t
e
we
l
l
w
he
n
pr
o
bl
e
m
s
c
o
m
e
up
[
5]
.
B
I
s
y
s
t
e
m
s
a
l
l
o
w
b
us
i
ne
s
s
e
s
to
c
o
l
l
e
c
t
,
o
r
ga
ni
z
e
,
a
n
d
s
t
ud
y
da
t
a
f
r
o
m
d
i
f
f
e
r
e
n
t
pl
a
c
e
s
t
o
c
o
m
e
up
w
i
t
h
us
e
f
u
l
i
d
e
a
s
[
6]
,
[
7]
.
T
hi
n
gs
li
ke
ge
tt
i
n
g
da
t
a
r
e
a
d
y
,
b
u
il
d
i
ng
da
t
a
wa
r
e
h
o
us
e
s
,
a
n
d
u
s
i
n
g
da
s
hbo
a
r
ds
a
r
e
im
po
r
t
a
n
t
f
o
r
us
i
n
g
da
t
a
to
r
e
a
c
h
go
a
l
s
a
n
d
m
a
k
e
qu
i
c
k
de
c
i
s
i
o
ns
b
a
s
e
d
o
n
f
a
c
t
s
[
8]
,
[
9]
.
B
u
t
m
a
ny
c
o
m
pa
ni
e
s
st
i
ll
s
t
r
uggl
e
b
e
c
a
us
e
t
h
e
y
do
n'
t
kn
o
w
h
o
w
to
s
e
t
up
B
I
o
r
wh
a
t
t
h
e
y
wa
n
t
to
a
c
hi
e
v
e
,
whi
c
h
m
a
k
e
s
i
t
l
e
s
s
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
S
S
N
:
2252
-
8776
I
n
t
J
I
n
f
&
C
o
m
m
u
n
T
e
c
hn
o
l
,
Vo
l
.
15
,
N
o.
2
,
J
un
e
20
26
:
741
-
749
742
us
e
f
u
l
,
e
s
pe
c
i
a
l
ly
w
he
n
t
hi
n
g
s
ge
t
to
ugh
[
10]
,
[
11]
.
S
o,
us
i
n
g
B
I
we
ll
i
s
ke
y
f
o
r
c
o
m
pa
ni
e
s
t
o
w
o
r
k
b
e
tt
e
r
,
us
e
r
e
s
o
ur
c
e
s
wi
s
e
ly
,
a
n
d
m
a
ke
de
c
i
s
i
o
n
s
b
a
s
e
d
o
n
da
ta
[
1]
,
[
2
]
,
[
12]
.
A
l
o
t
h
a
s
b
e
e
n
wr
i
t
t
e
n
a
b
o
ut
us
i
n
g
B
I
a
n
d
i
t
s
good
po
i
n
t
s
,
b
ut
t
h
e
r
e
a
r
e
n
’
t
m
a
ny
s
t
ud
i
e
s
t
h
a
t
r
e
a
l
l
y
l
o
o
k
a
t
h
o
w
B
I
h
e
l
ps
w
i
t
h
m
a
k
i
ng
de
c
i
s
i
o
n
s
i
n
d
i
f
f
e
r
e
n
t
a
r
e
a
s
.
T
h
e
s
t
udi
e
s
o
ut
t
h
e
r
e
t
e
n
d
to
b
e
n
a
r
r
o
w,
f
o
c
us
i
ng
o
n
c
e
r
t
a
i
n
i
ndu
s
t
r
i
e
s
o
r
t
e
c
h
pa
r
t
s
o
f
B
I
,
a
n
d
t
h
e
y
do
n’
t
c
o
m
pa
r
e
h
o
w
B
I
s
y
s
t
e
m
s
pe
r
f
o
r
m
i
n
d
i
f
f
e
r
e
n
t
c
o
m
pa
ni
e
s
[
5]
,
[
13
]
,
[
14]
.
P
l
us
,
upda
t
e
s
i
n
B
I
a
pp
l
i
c
a
t
i
o
n
s
s
i
nc
e
2019
h
a
v
e
n’
t
b
e
e
n
put
to
g
e
t
h
e
r
a
n
d
s
t
udi
e
d,
s
o
we
n
e
e
d
a
goo
d
l
o
o
k
a
t
wh
e
r
e
t
hi
n
gs
a
r
e
n
o
w,
wh
a
t
t
h
e
pr
o
bl
e
m
s
a
r
e
,
a
n
d
h
o
w
to
d
o
we
l
l
.
P
a
s
t
s
t
udi
e
s
,
l
i
ke
t
h
o
s
e
by
Ai
n
e
t
al.
(
2019
)
a
n
d
L
a
t
e
e
f
&
a
m
p
;
K
e
i
k
h
o
s
r
o
ki
a
ni
(
2022)
,
h
a
v
e
g
i
v
e
n
goo
d
i
d
e
a
s
a
b
o
ut
us
i
n
g
B
I
a
n
d
w
h
a
t
m
a
ke
s
i
t
wo
r
k,
b
ut
t
h
e
y
f
o
c
us
m
o
r
e
o
n
s
e
tt
i
n
g
up
t
h
e
t
e
c
h
t
h
a
n
o
n
h
o
w
B
I
h
e
l
p
s
b
us
i
ne
s
s
e
s
de
c
i
de
.
T
hi
s
s
t
udy
i
s
a
b
o
ut
h
o
w
B
I
s
y
s
t
e
m
s
h
e
l
p
w
i
t
h
p
l
a
nni
ng
a
n
d
de
c
i
s
i
o
n
-
m
a
k
i
ng
i
n
d
i
f
f
e
r
e
n
t
a
r
e
a
s
.
B
y
putt
i
n
g
to
ge
t
h
e
r
da
t
a
f
r
o
m
2019
–
2025,
t
h
i
s
l
o
o
k
o
f
f
e
r
s
a
vi
e
w
t
h
a
t
s
h
o
ws
h
o
w
t
e
c
h
a
n
d
m
a
n
a
g
i
ng
a
r
e
m
i
xe
d
i
n
B
I
.
S
o,
t
h
i
s
a
r
t
i
c
l
e
a
im
s
to
c
o
l
l
e
c
t
c
ur
r
e
n
t
i
nf
o
o
n
h
o
w
BI
h
e
l
ps
b
us
i
ne
s
s
e
s
m
a
ke
b
e
t
t
e
r
c
h
o
i
c
e
s
a
n
d
ge
t
b
e
tt
e
r
r
e
s
ul
t
s
,
a
n
d
t
o
f
i
n
d
pr
o
bl
e
m
s
a
n
d
ke
y
s
t
o
s
uc
c
e
s
s
w
h
e
n
us
i
ng
i
t
i
n
d
i
f
f
e
r
e
n
t
o
r
ga
ni
z
a
t
i
o
n
s
.
T
hi
s
r
e
vi
e
w
a
i
m
s
to
e
x
p
l
a
i
n
h
o
w
B
I
h
e
l
ps
b
u
s
i
ne
s
s
e
s
p
l
a
n
a
n
d
a
s
s
i
s
t
i
n
gu
i
d
i
ng
f
ut
ur
e
s
t
udi
e
s
a
n
d
t
h
e
b
e
s
t
wa
y
s
.
2.
M
E
T
HO
D
Our
s
t
udy
us
e
d
a
s
y
s
t
e
m
a
t
i
c
l
i
t
e
r
a
t
ur
e
r
e
vi
e
w
(
S
L
R
)
a
ppr
o
a
c
h
.
W
e
s
t
a
r
t
e
d
wi
t
h
a
r
e
s
e
a
r
c
h
que
s
t
i
o
n
b
a
s
e
d
o
n
t
h
e
p
o
pul
a
t
i
o
n
,
i
n
t
e
r
v
e
n
t
i
o
n
,
c
o
m
pa
r
i
s
o
n
,
o
u
t
c
o
m
e
(
P
I
C
O
)
m
o
de
l
,
de
t
a
i
l
e
d
i
n
T
a
bl
e
1
[
15]
.
T
hi
s
h
e
l
pe
d
us
s
e
t
a
c
l
e
a
r
s
c
o
pe
a
n
d
s
e
a
r
c
h
pa
r
a
m
e
t
e
r
s
to
f
i
n
d
a
n
d
c
h
e
c
k
r
e
l
e
v
a
n
t
s
t
udi
e
s
a
b
o
ut
BI
a
s
a
de
c
i
s
i
o
n
-
s
uppo
r
t
too
l
i
n
B
us
i
ne
s
s
.
W
e
s
e
a
r
c
h
e
d
S
c
o
pus
a
n
d
W
e
b
o
f
S
c
i
e
n
c
e
us
i
ng
ke
y
wo
r
ds
r
e
l
a
t
e
d
to
o
u
r
r
e
s
e
a
r
c
h
go
a
l
s
[
16]
,
[
1
7]
.
W
e
l
o
o
ke
d
a
t
pa
pe
r
s
f
r
o
m
2019
to
2025
a
n
d
i
ni
t
ia
l
ly
f
o
un
d
77
do
c
u
m
e
n
t
s
[
18]
.
Af
t
e
r
r
e
m
o
vi
ng
d
up
l
i
c
a
t
e
s
a
n
d
n
o
n
-
a
r
t
i
c
l
e
t
y
pe
s
,
we
m
o
v
e
d
o
n
to
t
h
e
n
e
x
t
s
t
e
p.
W
e
f
il
t
e
r
e
d
t
h
e
s
t
ud
i
e
s
,
f
o
c
us
i
ng
o
n
pe
e
r
-
r
e
vi
e
w
e
d
s
c
i
e
n
t
i
f
i
c
a
r
t
i
c
l
e
s
,
whi
c
h
l
e
f
t
us
w
i
t
h
39
s
t
udi
e
s
[
19]
.
W
e
i
n
c
l
ude
d
pa
pe
r
s
i
n
E
n
g
l
i
s
h
,
S
pa
ni
s
h
,
a
n
d
P
o
r
tugues
e
,
whi
c
h
n
a
r
r
o
we
d
i
t
d
o
wn
to
38
[
20
]
.
T
h
e
n
,
we
c
h
e
c
ke
d
t
h
e
r
e
m
a
i
ni
ng
p
a
pe
r
s
f
o
r
r
e
l
e
v
a
n
c
e
,
qua
l
it
y
,
a
n
d
h
o
w
we
l
l
t
h
e
y
f
i
t
o
ur
to
pi
c
.
I
n
t
h
e
e
n
d,
w
e
h
a
d
24
s
t
udi
e
s
t
h
a
t
di
r
e
c
t
l
y
a
ddr
e
s
s
e
d
o
ur
m
a
i
n
f
o
c
u
s
[
21]
,
[
22]
.
T
a
bl
e
2
[
23]
s
h
o
ws
h
o
w
we
c
h
o
s
e
s
e
a
r
c
h
t
e
r
m
s
a
n
d
ke
y
wo
r
ds
b
a
s
e
d
o
n
t
h
e
P
I
C
O
m
o
de
l
.
W
e
us
e
d
s
pe
c
i
f
i
c
i
nc
l
u
s
i
o
n
a
n
d
e
x
c
l
u
s
i
o
n
r
u
l
e
s
T
a
bl
e
3
[
24]
to
ke
e
p
t
hi
n
gs
c
o
ns
i
s
t
e
n
t
.
W
e
a
l
s
o
f
o
l
l
o
we
d
t
h
e
pr
e
f
e
r
r
e
d
r
e
por
t
i
n
g
i
t
e
m
s
f
o
r
s
y
s
t
e
m
a
t
i
c
r
e
vi
e
ws
a
n
d
m
e
t
a
-
a
n
a
ly
s
e
s
(
P
R
I
S
M
A
)
pr
oto
c
o
l
t
o
ke
e
p
tr
a
c
k
o
f
o
u
r
s
e
a
r
c
h
,
s
c
r
e
e
ni
ng,
a
n
d
s
e
l
e
c
t
i
o
n
s
t
a
ge
s
,
m
a
k
i
ng
t
h
e
pr
o
c
e
s
s
c
l
e
a
r
a
n
d
e
a
s
y
t
o
r
e
pr
o
duc
e
.
T
hi
s
m
e
t
h
o
d
g
i
v
e
s
u
s
a
s
o
l
i
d
b
a
s
e
f
o
r
r
e
vi
e
w
i
ng
h
o
w
BI
h
e
l
ps
w
i
t
h
B
us
i
ne
s
s
de
c
i
s
i
o
n
-
m
a
k
i
n
g.
B
y
us
i
ng
s
t
r
uc
t
ur
e
d
r
ul
e
s
,
d
i
f
f
e
r
e
n
t
da
t
a
b
a
s
e
s
,
a
n
d
P
R
I
S
M
A
r
e
po
r
t
i
n
g,
we
m
a
de
s
ur
e
t
h
e
s
e
l
e
c
t
e
d
s
t
udi
e
s
pr
o
pe
r
l
y
a
n
s
w
e
r
e
d
o
ur
r
e
s
e
a
r
c
h
que
s
t
i
o
ns
[
25]
.
As
pa
r
t
o
f
t
hi
s
s
y
s
t
e
m
a
t
i
c
r
e
vi
e
w,
a
s
t
a
n
da
r
d
i
z
e
d
l
i
t
e
r
a
t
ur
e
r
e
vi
e
w
pr
o
c
e
s
s
wa
s
i
m
p
l
e
m
e
n
t
e
d
to
i
de
n
t
i
f
y
a
n
d
s
e
l
e
c
t
t
h
e
m
o
s
t
r
e
l
e
v
a
n
t
s
o
ur
c
e
s
a
n
d
a
r
t
i
c
l
e
s
f
o
r
t
h
e
s
t
ud
y
[
5]
,
[
6]
.
T
hi
s
pr
o
c
e
s
s
f
o
ll
o
we
d
t
h
e
P
R
I
S
M
A
m
e
t
h
o
do
l
o
gy
,
whi
c
h
pr
o
vi
d
e
s
a
s
t
r
uc
t
ur
e
d
a
n
d
t
r
a
n
s
pa
r
e
n
t
a
ppr
o
a
c
h
f
o
r
t
h
e
i
n
c
l
u
s
i
o
n
o
f
s
c
i
e
n
t
i
f
i
c
li
t
e
r
a
t
ur
e
,
a
s
i
ll
us
t
r
a
t
e
d
i
n
F
i
gur
e
1
[
7
]
.
Af
t
e
r
a
ppl
yi
ng
t
h
e
pr
e
de
f
i
ne
d
i
nc
l
us
i
o
n
a
n
d
e
x
c
l
u
s
i
o
n
c
r
i
t
e
r
i
a
,
a
tot
a
l
o
f
24
a
r
t
i
c
l
e
s
we
r
e
s
e
l
e
c
t
e
d
f
o
r
f
i
n
a
l
a
n
a
ly
s
i
s
,
e
n
s
ur
i
n
g
t
h
a
t
t
h
e
c
h
o
s
e
n
do
c
um
e
n
t
s
we
r
e
di
r
e
c
t
l
y
a
l
i
g
n
e
d
w
i
t
h
t
h
e
r
e
s
e
a
r
c
h
o
bj
e
c
t
i
v
e
s
[
8]
,
[
9
]
.
T
a
bl
e
1
.
P
i
c
o
e
l
e
m
e
n
t
s
P
I
C
O
K
e
y
w
o
r
ds
P
r
o
bl
e
m
D
e
c
is
io
n ma
ki
ng
I
nt
e
r
v
e
nt
i
o
n
BI
s
y
s
t
e
m
C
o
mpa
r
is
o
n
M
a
nua
l
a
na
ly
s
is
i
nt
e
ll
ig
e
n
c
e
s
y
s
t
e
m
R
e
s
ul
ts
T
h
e
e
f
f
ic
ie
n
c
y
of
us
in
g t
h
e
BI
s
y
s
t
e
m
C
o
nt
e
x
t
T
h
e
pl
a
nni
ng a
r
e
a
of
c
o
mpa
ni
e
s
T
a
bl
e
2.
S
o
ur
c
e
s
a
n
d
s
e
a
r
c
h
e
qua
t
i
o
ns
S
o
u
r
c
e
S
e
a
r
c
h
e
qua
ti
o
ns
S
c
o
pus
(
“
bus
in
e
s
s
i
nt
e
ll
ig
e
nc
e
s
y
s
t
e
m”
)
A
N
D
T
I
T
L
E
-
A
B
S
-
K
E
Y
(
“
d
e
c
is
io
n ma
ki
ng”
)
A
N
D
T
I
T
L
E
-
A
B
S
-
K
E
Y
(
“
bus
in
e
s
s
”
)
A
N
D
N
O
T
T
I
T
L
E
-
A
B
S
-
K
E
Y
(
“
ma
c
hi
n
e
l
e
a
r
ni
ng
”
)
A
N
D
N
O
T
T
I
T
L
E
-
A
B
S
-
K
E
Y
(
“
a
r
ti
f
i
c
ia
l
in
te
ll
ig
e
n
c
e
”
)
A
N
D
N
O
T
T
I
T
L
E
-
A
B
S
-
K
E
Y
(
he
a
lt
h
)
)
A
N
D
P
U
B
Y
E
A
R
>
2019 AN
D
P
U
B
Y
E
A
R
<
2025
A
N
D
(
L
I
M
I
T
-
T
O
(
D
O
C
T
Y
P
E
,
"
a
r
”
)
)
A
N
D
(
L
I
M
I
T
-
T
O
(
L
A
N
G
U
A
G
E
,
"
E
ngl
is
h”
)
O
R
L
I
M
I
T
-
T
O
(
L
A
N
G
U
A
G
E
,
"
S
pa
ni
s
h”
)
O
R
L
I
M
I
T
-
T
O
(
L
A
N
G
U
A
G
E
,
"
P
o
r
tu
gue
s
e
”
)
)
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
t
J
I
n
f
&
C
o
m
m
u
n
T
e
c
hn
o
l
I
S
S
N:
2252
-
8776
B
us
ines
s
int
e
ll
igenc
e
and
it
s
impac
t
on
or
ganiz
ati
onal
de
c
is
ion
-
mak
ing
:
…
(
C
e
s
ar
P
atr
i
c
io
-
P
e
r
alt
a
)
743
T
a
bl
e
3
.
I
n
c
l
u
s
i
o
n
a
n
d
e
x
c
l
us
i
o
n
c
r
i
t
e
r
i
a
I
nc
lu
s
i
o
n
c
r
it
e
r
ia
E
xc
lu
s
i
o
n
c
r
it
e
r
ia
C
I
1:
A
ppr
o
a
c
hi
ng d
e
c
is
io
n
-
ma
ki
ng s
tu
di
e
s
us
in
g t
he
B
I
s
y
s
t
e
m
C
E
1:
T
y
pe
of
publi
c
a
ti
o
n d
o
e
s
N
O
T
c
o
r
r
e
s
p
o
nd
to
t
h
e
o
r
ig
in
a
l
a
r
ti
c
le
C
I
2:
R
e
s
ul
ts
s
ho
ul
d i
nc
lu
de
s
ta
ti
s
ti
c
a
l
gr
a
phs
s
ho
w
in
g i
mpr
ove
m
e
nt
i
n d
e
c
is
io
n
-
ma
ki
ng
C
E
2:
e
xc
lu
s
i
o
n
of
d
oc
ume
n
ts
be
f
or
e
2019
(
da
te
c
o
r
r
e
s
p
o
ndi
ng t
o
a
pr
e
v
i
o
us
s
y
s
te
ma
ti
c
r
e
v
i
e
w
)
C
I
3:
A
ppl
ic
a
ti
o
n
of
t
h
e
B
I
s
y
s
t
e
m
f
or
d
e
c
is
io
n
ma
ki
ng i
n t
he
a
r
e
a
of
bus
in
e
s
s
pl
a
nni
ng
C
E
3:
P
ubl
ic
a
ti
o
ns
t
ha
t
a
r
e
n
o
t
in
S
pa
ni
s
h,
P
or
tu
gue
s
e
o
r
E
ngl
is
h w
il
l
n
o
t
be
c
o
ns
id
e
r
e
d
C
I
4:
M
e
th
o
d
o
l
o
gi
e
s
a
ppl
ie
d t
o
c
o
mpa
ni
e
s
us
in
g B
I
s
y
s
t
e
ms
C
E
4:
S
tu
di
e
s
t
ha
t
d
o
n
o
t
d
e
ve
l
o
p t
h
e
ma
in
r
e
s
e
a
r
c
h t
o
pi
c
F
i
gur
e
1.
F
l
o
wc
h
a
r
t
o
f
i
nc
l
u
s
i
o
n
a
n
d
e
x
c
l
u
s
i
o
n
o
f
a
r
t
i
c
l
e
s
3.
RE
S
UL
T
S
AN
D
DI
S
CU
S
S
I
ON
Af
t
e
r
r
e
vi
e
w
i
ng
24
a
r
t
i
c
l
e
s
,
we
l
o
o
ke
d
a
t
h
o
w
BI
s
y
s
t
e
m
s
h
e
l
p
w
i
t
h
c
o
r
p
o
r
a
t
e
pl
a
nni
ng
de
c
i
s
i
o
n
s
.
T
h
e
r
e
s
e
a
r
c
h
s
h
o
ws
t
h
a
t
B
I
s
y
s
t
e
m
s
a
r
e
ke
y
i
n
tur
ni
ng
b
a
s
i
c
da
t
a
i
n
t
o
us
e
f
u
l
a
d
vi
c
e
f
o
r
b
ot
h
s
t
r
a
t
e
gy
a
n
d
o
pe
r
a
t
i
o
n
s
.
C
o
m
pa
ni
e
s
t
h
a
t
us
e
B
I
too
l
s
s
e
e
t
h
e
i
r
pr
o
duc
t
i
vi
t
y
,
e
f
f
i
c
i
e
nc
y
,
a
n
d
pr
o
f
i
t
s
go
up
b
e
c
a
us
e
t
h
e
y
c
a
n
ge
t
to
a
n
d
s
e
e
da
t
a
b
e
tt
e
r
[
26]
-
[
28]
.
W
h
e
n
B
I
s
y
s
t
e
m
s
f
i
t
wh
a
t
pe
o
pl
e
n
e
e
d,
t
hi
s
r
e
a
l
ly
h
e
l
p
s
c
e
n
t
r
a
l
i
z
e
da
t
a
,
m
a
ke
de
c
i
s
i
o
ns
f
a
s
t
e
r
,
a
n
d
us
e
r
e
s
o
ur
c
e
s
b
e
t
t
e
r
i
n
a
ll
k
i
nd
s
o
f
i
n
du
s
t
r
i
e
s
a
n
d
c
o
m
pa
ni
e
s
[
29]
-
[
32
]
.
Nu
m
e
r
o
us
s
t
udi
e
s
r
e
po
r
t
m
e
a
s
ur
a
bl
e
b
e
ne
f
i
t
s
f
r
o
m
B
I
a
do
p
t
i
o
n
.
F
o
r
i
n
s
t
a
nc
e
,
s
o
m
e
or
ga
ni
z
a
t
i
o
n
s
e
x
pe
r
i
e
n
c
e
d
pr
o
duc
t
i
vi
t
y
i
nc
r
e
a
s
e
s
o
f
up
to
93
%
a
n
d
pr
o
f
i
t
a
bil
i
t
y
im
pr
o
v
e
m
e
n
t
s
o
f
up
to
65%
[
3
3]
,
[
34]
.
T
h
e
s
e
r
e
s
u
l
t
s
un
de
r
s
c
o
r
e
t
h
e
s
t
r
a
t
e
gi
c
v
a
l
ue
o
f
B
I
s
y
s
t
e
m
s
-
n
o
t
m
e
r
e
ly
a
s
da
t
a
pr
o
c
e
s
s
i
n
g
too
l
s
,
b
ut
a
s
c
r
i
t
i
c
a
l
a
s
s
e
t
s
f
o
r
n
a
vi
ga
t
i
n
g
u
n
c
e
r
t
a
i
n
t
y
a
n
d
e
nh
a
n
c
i
ng
l
o
n
g
-
t
e
r
m
b
us
i
ne
s
s
p
l
a
nni
ng
[
35]
,
[
36]
.
T
hi
s
r
e
vi
e
w
a
ns
we
r
s
t
h
e
r
e
s
e
a
r
c
h
que
s
t
i
o
ns
us
i
n
g
t
h
e
P
I
C
O
m
o
de
l
.
T
h
e
a
n
a
l
y
s
i
s
s
h
o
ws
t
h
a
t
BI
s
y
s
t
e
m
s
do
h
e
l
p
i
m
pr
o
v
e
de
c
i
s
i
o
n
-
m
a
k
i
ng
by
t
ur
ni
ng
c
o
m
p
l
e
x
da
t
a
i
n
t
o
us
e
f
u
l
k
no
wl
e
dge
.
W
h
e
n
o
r
ga
ni
z
a
t
i
o
n
s
b
a
c
k
B
I
w
i
t
h
t
hin
gs
li
ke
kn
o
w
l
e
dge
m
a
na
ge
m
e
n
t
,
m
a
r
ke
t
a
wa
r
e
n
e
s
s
,
a
n
d
t
e
c
h
r
e
a
d
i
n
e
s
s
,
da
t
a
us
e
wo
r
ks
e
v
e
n
be
tt
e
r
[
37
]
-
[
39
]
.
T
h
e
t
a
bl
e
s
a
n
d
f
i
gur
e
s
b
e
l
o
w
s
u
m
up
t
h
e
s
e
po
i
n
t
s
,
s
h
o
w
i
n
g
h
o
w
B
I
h
e
l
p
s
w
i
t
h
b
e
t
t
e
r
b
us
i
ne
s
s
p
l
a
nni
ng
a
n
d
s
uppo
r
t
s
de
c
i
s
i
o
n
s
b
a
s
e
d
o
n
da
t
a
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
S
S
N
:
2252
-
8776
I
n
t
J
I
n
f
&
C
o
m
m
u
n
T
e
c
hn
o
l
,
Vo
l
.
15
,
N
o.
2
,
J
un
e
20
26
:
741
-
749
744
3.
1.
RQ
h
ow
d
oe
s
t
h
e
BI
s
ys
t
e
m
h
e
l
p
im
p
r
ove
d
e
c
is
ion
-
m
a
k
in
g
in
t
h
e
p
l
an
n
in
g
ar
e
a
of
c
om
p
an
ies
?
T
o
a
n
s
we
r
t
hi
s
que
s
t
i
o
n
,
i
t
i
s
n
e
c
e
s
s
a
r
y
to
un
d
e
r
s
tan
d
w
h
a
t
de
c
i
s
i
o
n
-
m
a
k
i
ng
wa
s
li
ke
i
n
t
h
e
pa
s
t
a
n
d
wh
a
t
i
t
i
s
li
ke
n
o
w,
wh
a
t
c
h
a
n
ge
s
e
n
a
bl
e
d
a
BI
s
y
s
t
e
m
t
o
p
o
s
i
t
i
v
e
ly
im
pa
c
t
de
c
i
s
i
o
n
-
m
a
k
i
ng,
a
n
d
w
hy
i
t
s
us
e
i
s
n
e
c
e
s
s
a
r
y
.
Us
i
ng
a
BI
s
y
s
t
e
m
a
ll
o
ws
c
o
m
pa
ni
e
s
to
a
c
hi
e
v
e
gr
o
w
t
h
i
n
pr
o
duc
t
i
vi
t
y
,
pr
o
f
i
t
a
bil
i
t
y
,
a
n
d
e
f
f
i
c
i
e
nc
y
,
t
h
e
f
i
r
s
t
t
w
o
b
e
i
n
g
t
h
e
m
o
s
t
i
m
po
r
t
a
n
t
.
C
o
m
pa
ni
e
s
t
h
a
t
h
a
v
e
i
m
p
l
e
m
e
n
t
e
d
a
BI
s
y
s
t
e
m
h
a
ve
i
nc
r
e
a
s
e
d
t
h
e
i
r
pr
o
duc
t
i
vi
t
y
by
up
to
93
%
a
n
d
th
e
i
r
pr
o
f
i
t
a
bil
i
t
y
by
up
to
65%
,
de
m
o
n
s
t
r
a
t
i
n
g
th
a
t
a
BI
s
y
s
t
e
m
ha
s
a
po
s
i
t
i
ve
i
m
pa
c
t
o
n
t
h
e
c
o
m
pa
n
y
's
de
c
i
s
i
o
n
-
m
a
k
i
ng
pr
o
c
e
s
s
[
40]
,
[
41
]
.
I
n
c
o
n
c
l
u
s
i
o
n
,
t
hi
s
s
y
s
t
e
m
b
e
n
e
f
i
t
s
c
o
m
pa
ni
e
s
by
s
pe
e
d
i
ng
up
a
n
d
i
m
pr
o
vi
ng
t
h
e
a
c
c
ur
a
c
y
o
f
de
c
i
s
i
o
n
s
,
whi
c
h
po
s
i
t
i
v
e
ly
a
f
f
e
c
t
s
c
o
r
p
or
a
t
e
pl
a
nni
ng
[
42]
.
Al
s
o
,
i
n
t
e
gr
a
t
i
n
g
t
h
e
s
e
s
y
s
t
e
m
s
i
m
pr
o
v
e
s
a
n
o
r
ga
ni
z
a
t
i
o
n'
s
a
bi
li
t
y
t
o
t
r
a
c
k
a
n
d
a
n
a
ly
z
e
ke
y
pe
r
f
o
r
m
a
n
c
e
i
n
d
i
c
a
t
or
s
i
n
s
t
a
n
t
l
y
,
whi
c
h
m
a
ke
s
r
e
s
o
ur
c
e
a
l
l
o
c
a
t
i
o
n
m
o
r
e
e
f
f
i
c
i
e
n
t
.
A
s
a
r
e
s
u
l
t
,
c
o
m
pa
ni
e
s
th
a
t
us
e
BI
too
l
s
us
u
a
l
ly
h
a
ve
b
e
t
t
e
r
s
t
r
a
t
e
gi
c
a
li
g
nm
e
n
t
a
n
d
pe
r
f
o
r
m
b
e
t
t
e
r
o
v
e
r
a
l
l
t
h
a
n
t
h
o
s
e
t
h
a
t
de
pe
n
d
o
n
o
l
d
-
f
a
s
hi
o
n
e
d
de
c
i
s
i
o
n
-
m
a
k
i
ng
m
e
t
h
o
ds
[
43]
.
3.
2
.
RQ1
w
h
at
is
a
BI
s
ys
t
e
m
?
A
BI
s
y
s
t
e
m
i
s
a
n
i
n
t
e
l
li
ge
n
t
da
t
a
m
a
na
ge
m
e
n
t
too
l
t
h
a
t
e
n
a
bl
e
s
o
r
ga
ni
z
a
t
i
o
ns
to
c
o
l
l
e
c
t
,
pr
o
c
e
s
s
,
a
n
d
t
r
a
n
s
f
o
r
m
r
a
w
da
t
a
i
n
t
o
a
c
t
i
o
n
a
bl
e
i
nf
o
r
m
a
t
i
o
n
.
T
hi
s
i
nf
o
r
m
a
t
i
o
n
b
e
c
o
m
e
s
a
s
t
r
a
t
e
gi
c
a
s
s
e
t
,
p
l
a
yi
ng
a
c
r
i
t
i
c
a
l
r
o
l
e
i
n
s
uppo
r
t
i
n
g
e
f
f
e
c
t
i
v
e
de
c
i
s
i
o
n
-
m
a
k
i
n
g
p
r
o
c
e
s
s
e
s
.
B
I
s
y
s
t
e
m
s
a
r
e
de
s
i
g
n
e
d
t
o
c
o
n
s
o
l
idat
e
da
t
a
f
r
o
m
m
u
l
t
i
p
l
e
s
o
ur
c
e
s
a
n
d
pr
e
s
e
n
t
i
t
i
n
a
wa
y
t
ha
t
f
a
c
i
li
t
a
t
e
s
t
i
m
e
ly
a
n
d
i
nf
o
r
m
e
d
de
c
i
s
i
o
n
s
a
c
r
o
s
s
a
ll
l
e
ve
l
s
o
f
t
h
e
or
ga
ni
z
a
t
i
o
n
.
A
s
t
a
n
da
r
d
B
I
s
y
s
t
e
m
i
s
c
o
m
po
s
e
d
o
f
f
i
ve
ke
y
c
o
m
po
n
e
n
t
s
:
Da
t
a
s
o
ur
c
e
s
:
T
h
e
s
e
i
n
c
l
ud
e
i
n
t
e
r
n
a
l
a
n
d
e
x
t
e
r
n
a
l
s
o
ur
c
e
s
,
a
s
we
l
l
a
s
o
pe
r
a
t
i
o
n
a
l
da
t
a
b
a
s
e
s
,
f
r
o
m
whi
c
h
r
a
w
da
t
a
i
s
e
x
t
r
a
c
t
e
d
to
f
e
e
d
t
h
e
B
I
e
nvi
r
o
nm
e
n
t
[
4
4]
.
E
x
t
r
a
c
t
i
o
n
,
tr
a
n
s
f
o
r
m
a
t
i
o
n
,
a
n
d
l
o
a
d
i
n
g
(
E
T
L
)
:
T
hi
s
pr
o
c
e
s
s
i
nv
o
l
v
e
s
e
x
t
r
a
c
t
i
n
g
da
t
a
f
r
o
m
v
a
r
io
u
s
s
o
ur
c
e
s
,
t
r
a
n
s
f
o
r
m
i
ng
i
t
i
n
t
o
a
c
o
n
s
i
s
t
e
n
t
f
o
r
m
a
t
,
a
n
d
l
o
a
d
i
ng
i
t
i
n
t
o
a
c
e
n
t
r
a
l
r
e
po
s
i
t
o
r
y
f
o
r
f
ur
th
e
r
a
n
a
ly
s
i
s
[
45]
.
Da
t
a
s
tor
a
ge
:
T
h
e
pr
o
c
e
s
s
e
d
da
t
a
i
s
s
t
o
r
e
d
us
i
n
g
t
e
c
hn
o
l
o
g
i
e
s
s
uc
h
a
s
da
t
a
wa
r
e
h
o
us
e
s
,
da
t
a
m
a
r
t
s
,
a
n
d
da
t
a
l
a
ke
s
,
pr
o
vi
d
i
ng
a
s
t
r
uc
t
ur
e
d
e
n
vi
r
o
nm
e
n
t
f
o
r
que
r
y
i
ng
a
n
d
a
n
a
ly
s
i
s
[
46]
.
D
a
ta
a
gg
r
e
ga
t
i
o
n
:
Da
ta
i
s
i
n
t
e
g
r
a
te
d
a
n
d
or
g
a
ni
z
e
d
t
h
r
ou
gh
m
u
l
t
i
di
m
e
n
s
i
o
n
a
l
m
ode
l
s
,
s
u
c
h
a
s
o
n
l
i
n
e
a
n
a
l
y
t
i
c
a
l
p
r
oc
e
s
s
i
n
g
(
OL
A
P
)
c
ub
e
s
,
us
i
n
g
f
a
c
t
s
a
n
d
di
m
e
n
s
i
o
n
s
to
e
n
a
b
l
e
c
o
m
p
l
e
x
a
n
a
l
y
t
i
c
a
l
q
ue
r
i
e
s
[
47
]
.
Da
t
a
vi
s
ua
li
z
a
t
i
o
n
:
I
n
t
h
e
f
i
na
l
s
t
a
ge
,
da
t
a
i
s
t
r
a
ns
f
o
r
m
e
d
i
n
t
o
m
e
a
ni
n
g
f
u
l
vi
s
ua
l
o
ut
pu
t
s
s
uc
h
a
s
da
s
hb
o
a
r
ds
,
r
e
p
o
r
t
s
,
a
n
d
pe
r
f
o
r
m
a
n
c
e
i
nd
i
c
a
t
or
s
pr
o
vi
d
i
ng
de
c
i
s
i
o
n
-
m
a
ke
r
s
w
i
t
h
c
l
e
a
r
,
r
e
a
l
-
t
i
m
e
i
ns
i
g
h
t
s
[
48]
.
F
i
gur
e
2
s
h
o
ws
h
o
w
BI
s
y
s
t
e
m
s
a
r
e
s
e
t
up
to
h
e
l
p
w
i
t
h
p
l
a
nni
ng,
e
f
f
i
c
i
e
nc
y
,
a
n
d
a
d
a
pt
i
n
g
t
o
c
h
a
n
g
e
s
.
W
i
t
h
t
hi
s
s
y
s
t
e
m
,
b
us
i
ne
s
s
e
s
c
a
n
ke
e
p
t
a
b
s
o
n
t
h
e
i
r
pe
r
f
o
r
m
a
n
c
e
,
gue
s
s
w
h
a
t
m
i
g
h
t
b
e
c
omi
ng,
a
n
d
m
a
ke
i
nf
o
r
m
e
d
c
a
l
l
s
b
a
s
e
d
o
n
da
t
a
,
e
v
e
n
w
h
e
n
t
hi
n
gs
ge
t
di
f
f
i
c
u
l
t
.
P
l
us
,
b
e
c
a
us
e
e
v
e
r
y
t
hi
ng
wo
r
ks
s
m
o
o
t
hly
to
ge
t
h
e
r
-
f
r
o
m
da
t
a
s
o
u
r
c
e
s
to
a
n
a
l
y
s
i
s
a
n
d
pr
e
s
e
n
t
a
t
i
o
n
—
c
o
m
pa
ni
e
s
c
a
n
s
t
a
y
f
l
e
xi
b
l
e
a
n
d
c
o
ns
t
a
n
t
l
y
l
o
o
k
f
o
r
wa
y
s
to
i
m
pr
o
v
e
.
F
i
gur
e
2.
S
t
a
ge
s
f
o
r
i
m
p
l
e
m
e
n
t
i
n
g
BI
i
n
a
n
o
r
ga
ni
z
a
t
i
o
n
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
t
J
I
n
f
&
C
o
m
m
u
n
T
e
c
hn
o
l
I
S
S
N:
2252
-
8776
B
us
ines
s
int
e
ll
igenc
e
and
it
s
impac
t
on
or
ganiz
ati
onal
de
c
is
ion
-
mak
ing
:
…
(
C
e
s
ar
P
atr
i
c
io
-
P
e
r
alt
a
)
745
3.
3
.
RQ2
w
h
at
is
t
h
e
im
p
or
t
an
c
e
of
BI
s
ys
t
e
m
s
f
o
r
d
e
c
is
ion
-
m
a
k
in
g?
BI
s
y
s
t
e
m
s
a
r
e
ke
y
t
o
b
e
tt
e
r
de
c
i
s
i
o
n
-
m
a
k
i
ng
i
n
o
r
ga
ni
z
a
t
i
o
n
s
.
T
h
e
y
l
e
t
y
o
u
s
y
s
t
e
m
a
t
i
c
a
ll
y
l
o
o
k
a
t
da
t
a
f
r
o
m
d
i
f
f
e
r
e
n
t
pa
r
t
s
o
f
t
h
e
b
us
i
ne
s
s
.
B
e
c
a
us
e
t
h
e
y
f
i
t
w
i
t
h
da
t
a
s
tr
a
t
e
gy
a
n
d
c
a
n
t
ur
n
da
t
a
i
nto
us
e
f
u
l
i
ns
i
g
h
t
s
,
t
h
e
y
'
r
e
he
l
p
f
u
l
i
n
m
a
ny
f
i
e
l
d
s
,
l
i
ke
e
duc
a
t
i
o
n
a
n
d
m
a
r
ke
t
i
n
g
[
46]
.
A
s
a
r
e
s
u
l
t
,
B
I
s
y
s
t
e
m
s
a
r
e
n
o
w
b
a
s
i
c
to
h
o
w
da
t
a
dr
i
v
e
s
b
us
i
ne
s
s
t
o
da
y
,
h
e
l
p
i
ng
wi
t
h
b
o
t
h
e
v
e
r
y
da
y
t
a
s
ks
a
n
d
l
o
n
g
-
r
a
n
ge
p
l
a
nni
ng.
B
ut
f
o
r
B
I
to
w
or
k
we
l
l
,
i
t
's
n
o
t
j
u
s
t
a
b
o
u
t
pu
tt
i
n
g
t
h
e
t
e
c
h
i
n
p
l
a
c
e
.
Y
o
u
a
l
s
o
n
e
e
d
a
s
m
a
r
t
pl
a
n
a
n
d
s
k
i
ll
e
d
pe
o
p
l
e
to
h
a
n
d
l
e
a
n
d
un
de
r
s
t
a
n
d
t
h
e
da
t
a
.
T
hi
s
m
e
a
ns
o
r
ga
ni
z
a
t
i
o
ns
n
e
e
d
to
ke
e
p
t
r
a
i
ni
ng
t
h
e
i
r
s
t
a
f
f
a
n
d
s
e
t
up
g
oo
d
r
ul
e
s
to
m
a
k
e
s
ur
e
da
t
a
i
s
u
s
e
d
c
o
r
r
e
c
t
l
y
.
S
o
,
h
o
w
we
l
l
B
I
h
e
l
p
s
i
n
de
c
i
s
i
o
n
-
m
a
k
i
n
g
de
pe
n
d
s
on
h
a
vi
ng
c
l
e
a
r
r
ul
e
s
a
n
d
a
c
o
m
pa
ny
t
h
a
t
’
s
r
e
a
d
y
t
o
us
e
i
t
.
F
o
r
i
n
s
t
a
n
c
e
,
o
n
e
s
t
udy
l
o
o
ke
d
a
t
a
c
o
l
l
e
ge
a
n
d
f
o
un
d
t
h
a
t
us
i
n
g
a
B
I
s
y
s
t
e
m
h
e
l
pe
d
t
h
e
s
c
h
o
o
l
’
s
da
t
a
s
t
r
a
t
e
gy
a
n
d
m
a
de
i
nf
o
r
m
a
t
i
o
n
f
l
o
w
a
n
d
da
t
a
h
a
n
d
li
ng
b
e
t
t
e
r
[
47
]
.
T
hi
s
s
h
o
ws
h
o
w
B
I
c
a
n
m
a
k
e
t
hi
n
g
s
c
l
e
a
r
e
r
,
h
e
l
p
m
e
a
s
ur
e
h
o
w
we
l
l
t
hi
ngs
a
r
e
go
i
n
g,
a
n
d
a
l
i
g
n
a
c
t
i
o
ns
w
i
t
h
go
a
l
s
i
n
s
c
h
o
o
l
s
.
B
e
c
a
u
s
e
o
f
t
hi
s
,
uni
ve
r
s
i
t
i
e
s
t
h
a
t
us
e
B
I
s
y
s
t
e
m
s
c
a
n
h
a
n
d
l
e
r
e
s
our
c
e
s
b
e
t
t
e
r
,
ke
e
p
a
n
e
y
e
o
n
ke
y
n
u
m
be
r
s
,
a
n
d
c
h
a
n
ge
a
s
e
duc
a
t
i
o
n
c
h
a
n
ge
s
.
I
n
m
a
r
k
e
t
i
n
g
,
whi
c
h
i
s
i
m
p
or
tan
t
to
m
o
s
t
b
us
i
n
e
s
s
e
s
,
B
I
s
y
s
t
e
m
s
b
ui
l
d
l
i
v
e
,
da
ta
-
b
a
s
e
d
d
a
s
h
b
oa
r
ds
f
or
g
e
tt
i
n
g
a
n
d
ke
e
pi
n
g
c
us
to
m
e
r
s
.
T
h
e
s
e
da
s
h
b
o
a
r
ds
h
e
l
p
c
o
m
pa
n
i
e
s
ge
t
a
b
e
tt
e
r
h
a
n
d
l
e
o
n
t
h
e
m
a
r
ke
t
a
n
d
m
a
ke
q
ui
c
k,
s
m
a
r
t
c
h
o
i
c
e
s
to
b
e
m
or
e
c
o
m
pe
t
i
t
i
v
e
[
4
8]
.
Al
s
o,
b
e
i
n
g
a
bl
e
to
s
e
e
a
n
d
g
ue
s
s
wh
a
t
c
us
to
m
e
r
s
wi
l
l
d
o
l
e
t
s
m
a
r
k
e
t
i
n
g
tea
m
s
c
r
e
a
te
b
e
tt
e
r
c
a
m
pa
i
gn
s
a
n
d
s
pe
n
d
m
o
n
e
y
m
or
e
wi
s
e
l
y
.
G
e
n
e
r
a
l
l
y
,
s
tudi
e
s
s
h
o
w
th
a
t
u
s
i
n
g
B
I
to
o
l
s
s
m
a
r
t
l
y
h
e
l
ps
i
n
m
a
k
i
n
g
de
c
i
s
i
o
n
s
b
a
s
e
d
o
n
f
a
c
t
s
,
m
a
ke
s
or
g
a
ni
z
a
t
i
o
n
s
qui
c
ke
r
to
r
e
a
c
t,
a
n
d
s
tr
e
n
g
t
h
e
n
s
h
o
w
we
l
l
t
h
e
y
m
a
n
a
ge
pe
r
f
or
m
a
n
c
e
i
n
di
f
f
e
r
e
n
t
a
r
e
a
s
.
W
h
e
n
s
e
t
up
r
i
gh
t,
B
I
s
y
s
te
m
s
h
e
l
p
m
o
v
e
b
us
i
n
e
s
s
e
s
i
n
to
th
e
di
g
i
ta
l
a
ge
,
e
n
c
o
u
r
a
gi
n
g
f
l
e
xi
bi
l
i
t
y
,
n
e
w
i
de
a
s
,
a
n
d
s
tea
d
y
g
r
ow
t
h
i
n
a
l
l
s
or
t
s
o
f
i
n
dus
tr
i
e
s
.
3.
4
.
RQ3
w
h
at
ar
e
t
h
e
a
p
p
l
icat
ion
s
of
BI
in
im
p
r
ovin
g
m
an
u
a
l
d
at
a
an
al
ys
is
f
o
r
d
e
c
is
ion
-
m
a
k
in
g?
T
h
e
r
e
s
e
a
r
c
h
s
h
o
ws
a
m
o
v
e
a
wa
y
f
r
o
m
o
l
d
-
f
a
s
hi
o
ne
d
m
a
n
ua
l
da
t
a
a
na
ly
s
i
s
t
o
us
i
n
g
a
ut
o
m
a
t
e
d,
da
t
a
-
dr
i
v
e
n
t
e
c
h
t
h
a
t
m
a
ke
s
de
c
i
s
i
o
n
s
m
o
r
e
a
c
c
ur
a
t
e
a
n
d
f
a
s
t
e
r
.
T
hi
n
g
s
l
i
ke
E
T
L
pr
o
c
e
s
s
e
s
,
B
I
S
,
a
n
d
i
nt
e
r
a
c
t
i
v
e
da
t
a
vi
s
ua
li
z
a
t
i
o
n
too
l
s
h
e
l
p
c
o
m
pa
ni
e
s
a
ut
o
m
a
t
e
h
o
w
t
h
e
y
ga
t
h
e
r
a
n
d
a
n
a
ly
z
e
da
t
a
a
s
s
h
o
wn
i
n
F
i
gur
e
3
.
T
hi
s
c
ut
s
do
wn
o
n
m
i
s
t
a
ke
s
a
n
d
m
a
ke
s
t
h
e
i
nf
o
r
m
a
t
i
o
n
be
tt
e
r
.
A
s
y
o
u
c
a
n
s
e
e
i
n
F
i
gur
e
4,
t
h
e
s
e
B
I
a
pps
m
a
ke
da
t
a
wo
r
k
e
a
s
i
e
r
,
i
m
pr
o
v
e
a
c
c
ur
a
c
y
,
a
n
d
ke
e
p
a
n
e
y
e
o
n
h
o
w
we
l
l
t
hi
ngs
a
r
e
go
i
n
g.
T
hi
s
he
l
p
s
c
o
m
pa
ni
e
s
m
a
k
e
qu
i
c
k,
s
m
a
r
t
c
h
o
i
c
e
s
wh
e
n
de
a
li
n
g
w
i
t
h
l
o
t
s
o
f
da
t
a
.
F
i
gur
e
3.
Num
b
e
r
o
f
a
r
t
i
c
l
e
s
publi
s
he
d
pe
r
y
e
a
r
F
i
gur
e
4
.
A
pp
l
i
c
a
t
i
o
ns
f
o
r
de
c
i
s
i
o
n
-
m
a
k
i
ng
a
n
a
ly
s
is
4.
CONC
L
USI
ON
T
hi
s
r
e
s
e
a
r
c
h
l
o
o
ks
a
t
h
o
w
BI
s
y
s
t
e
m
s
h
e
l
p
m
a
ke
b
e
t
t
e
r
de
c
i
s
i
o
ns
f
o
r
p
l
a
nni
ng
i
n
o
r
ga
ni
z
a
t
i
o
ns
.
W
e
c
h
e
c
ke
d
o
u
t
a
r
t
i
c
l
e
s
f
r
o
m
2019
to
2025
i
n
t
h
e
S
c
o
pus
da
t
a
b
a
s
e
t
o
s
e
e
h
o
w
B
I
i
s
us
e
d,
w
h
a
t
wor
ds
pe
o
pl
e
us
e
wh
e
n
t
a
l
k
i
ng
a
b
o
ut
i
t
,
a
n
d
h
o
w
i
t
c
h
a
n
ge
s
t
hi
ngs
i
n
c
o
m
pa
ni
e
s
.
T
h
e
s
t
ud
i
e
s
we
l
o
o
ke
d
a
t
s
a
i
d
t
h
a
t
B
I
c
o
ul
d
im
pr
o
v
e
pr
o
duc
t
i
vi
t
y
by
up
to
93
%
,
e
f
f
i
c
i
e
nc
y
by
65%
,
a
n
d
s
a
l
e
s
by
65%
.
Al
s
o
,
83
%
o
f
t
h
e
s
t
udi
e
s
s
h
o
we
d
po
s
i
t
i
v
e
c
h
a
n
ge
s
a
f
t
e
r
a
ddi
n
g
B
I
,
wi
t
h
m
o
de
r
a
t
e
c
o
nf
i
de
n
c
e
.
T
hi
s
s
h
o
ws
t
h
a
t
B
I
s
y
s
t
e
m
s
h
e
l
p
m
a
na
ge
da
t
a
a
n
d
m
a
ke
s
m
a
r
t
,
f
a
s
t
b
us
i
ne
s
s
c
h
o
i
c
e
s
i
n
d
if
f
e
r
e
nt
s
e
c
t
i
o
ns
l
i
ke
e
duc
a
t
i
o
n
,
m
a
r
ke
t
i
n
g,
c
o
m
pa
ny
o
pe
r
a
t
i
o
n
s
,
a
n
d
b
u
yi
ng
ot
h
e
r
c
o
m
pa
ni
e
s
.
B
ut
t
h
e
r
e
we
r
e
n
ot
s
o
m
a
ny
s
t
udi
e
s
to
l
o
o
k
a
t,
a
n
d
s
o
m
e
m
i
g
h
t
h
a
v
e
b
e
e
n
bi
a
s
e
d.
S
o,
wh
e
n
l
o
o
ki
n
g
a
t
t
h
e
s
e
r
e
s
u
l
t
s
,
ke
e
p
t
h
a
t
i
n
m
i
nd.
F
ut
ur
e
s
t
udi
e
s
s
h
o
u
l
d
i
nc
l
ude
m
o
r
e
s
t
udi
e
s
f
r
o
m
d
i
f
f
e
r
e
n
t
pl
a
c
e
s
a
n
d
i
ndus
t
r
i
e
s
.
T
h
e
y
s
h
o
u
l
d
a
l
s
o
us
e
s
to
r
i
e
s
o
r
a
m
i
x
o
f
wa
y
s
t
o
l
e
a
r
n
m
o
r
e
a
b
o
ut
h
o
w
B
I
h
e
l
p
s
w
i
t
h
s
o
l
i
d
b
u
s
i
ne
s
s
p
l
a
nni
ng
a
n
d
s
t
a
y
i
ng
a
he
a
d
o
f
t
h
e
c
o
m
pe
t
i
t
i
o
n
.
F
UN
DI
NG
I
N
F
ORM
AT
I
ON
T
h
e
a
ut
h
o
r
s
s
t
a
t
e
n
o
f
un
d
i
ng
i
s
i
nv
o
l
v
e
d.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
S
S
N
:
2252
-
8776
I
n
t
J
I
n
f
&
C
o
m
m
u
n
T
e
c
hn
o
l
,
Vo
l
.
15
,
N
o.
2
,
J
un
e
20
26
:
741
-
749
746
AU
T
HO
R
CONT
RI
B
UT
I
ONS
S
T
AT
E
M
E
NT
T
hi
s
j
o
ur
n
a
l
u
s
e
s
t
h
e
C
o
n
t
r
i
b
ut
or
R
o
l
e
s
T
a
x
o
n
o
m
y
(
C
R
e
d
i
T
)
to
r
e
c
o
gni
z
e
i
n
d
i
v
i
dua
l
a
ut
h
o
r
c
o
n
t
r
i
b
ut
i
o
ns
,
r
e
duc
e
a
ut
h
or
s
hi
p
d
i
s
put
e
s
,
a
n
d
f
a
c
il
i
t
a
t
e
c
o
l
l
a
b
o
r
a
t
i
o
n
.
Nam
e
of
Aut
h
or
C
M
So
Va
Fo
I
R
D
O
E
Vi
Su
P
Fu
C
e
s
a
r
P
a
t
r
i
c
i
o
-
P
e
r
a
l
t
a
He
r
n
a
n
P
e
ñ
a
C
a
r
n
e
r
o
J
e
s
ú
s
Z
a
m
o
r
a
M
o
n
dr
a
gó
n
A
da
n
E
uge
ni
o
C
o
n
t
r
e
r
a
s
An
ge
l
e
s
M
a
r
i
n
a
Va
r
ga
s
Ve
ga
W
a
l
t
e
r
P
a
t
r
i
c
i
o
P
e
r
a
l
t
a
M
a
r
c
o
M
a
y
o
r
R
a
vi
n
e
s
J
ua
n
M
a
y
o
r
Ga
m
e
r
o
C
e
s
a
r
P
a
c
c
h
a
R
u
f
a
s
t
o
C
:
C
o
n
c
e
pt
ua
li
z
a
ti
o
n
M
:
M
e
th
o
d
o
l
o
g
y
So
:
So
f
twa
r
e
Va
:
Va
li
da
ti
o
n
Fo
:
Fo
r
ma
l
a
na
l
y
s
is
I
:
I
nve
s
ti
ga
ti
o
n
R
:
R
e
s
o
u
r
c
e
s
D
:
D
a
ta
C
ur
a
ti
o
n
O
:
W
r
it
in
g
-
O
r
ig
in
a
l
D
r
a
f
t
E
:
W
r
it
in
g
-
R
e
v
i
e
w
&
E
di
ti
ng
Vi
:
Vi
s
ua
li
z
a
ti
o
n
Su
:
Su
pe
r
v
is
io
n
P
:
P
r
o
j
e
c
t
a
dmi
ni
s
tr
a
ti
o
n
Fu
:
Fu
ndi
ng a
c
qui
s
it
i
o
n
CONF
L
I
CT
OF
I
NT
E
RE
S
T
S
T
AT
E
M
E
NT
T
h
e
a
ut
h
o
r
s
s
t
a
t
e
n
o
c
o
n
f
li
c
t
o
f
i
n
t
e
r
e
s
t
.
I
NF
ORM
E
D
CONSE
NT
T
hi
s
s
t
ud
y
d
i
d
n
o
t
i
nv
o
l
v
e
h
u
m
a
n
pa
r
t
i
c
i
pa
n
t
s
,
a
n
d
i
nf
o
r
m
e
d
c
o
n
s
e
n
t
wa
s
t
h
e
r
e
f
o
r
e
n
o
t
r
e
qui
r
e
d.
E
T
HI
CA
L
AP
P
ROV
AL
T
hi
s
r
e
s
e
a
r
c
h
d
i
d
n
o
t
i
nv
o
l
v
e
h
u
m
a
n
o
r
a
ni
m
a
l
s
u
bj
e
c
t
s
a
n
d
d
i
d
n
o
t
r
e
qui
r
e
e
t
hi
c
a
l
a
ppr
o
v
a
l
.
DA
T
A
AV
AI
L
AB
I
L
I
T
Y
T
h
e
da
t
a
s
upp
o
r
t
i
n
g
t
h
e
f
i
nd
i
ngs
o
f
t
hi
s
s
t
ud
y
we
r
e
c
o
l
l
e
c
t
e
d
t
h
r
o
ugh
r
e
s
e
a
r
c
h
a
n
d
a
r
e
a
v
a
il
a
bl
e
in
t
h
e
S
C
OPUS
da
t
a
b
a
s
e
a
n
d
f
r
o
m
t
h
e
c
o
r
r
e
s
po
n
d
i
n
g
a
ut
h
or
.
RE
F
E
R
E
NC
E
S
[
1]
L
.
J
.
A
a
ld
e
r
in
g,
J
.
L
e
k
e
r
,
a
nd
C
.
H
.
S
o
ng,
“
R
e
c
o
mm
e
ndi
ng
unt
a
ppe
d
M
&a
mp;
A
o
pp
o
r
tu
n
it
ie
s
:
A
c
o
mbi
n
e
d
a
ppr
o
a
c
h
u
s
in
g
pr
in
c
ip
a
l
c
o
mp
o
n
e
nt
a
na
l
y
s
is
a
nd
c
o
ll
a
b
o
r
a
ti
ve
f
il
t
e
r
in
g,”
E
x
pe
r
t
Sy
s
te
m
s
w
it
h
A
ppl
ic
at
io
ns
,
vo
l.
125,
pp.
221
–
232,
J
ul
.
2
019,
do
i:
10.1016/
j.
e
s
w
a
.2019.02.004.
[
2]
A
.
C
w
y
na
r
,
W
.
C
w
y
na
r
,
R
.
P
a
t
e
r
,
a
nd
K
.
F
il
ip
e
k,
“
S
oc
ia
l
M
e
di
a
a
s
a
n
I
nf
or
ma
ti
o
n
S
o
ur
c
e
in
F
in
a
nc
e
:
E
v
id
e
n
c
e
f
r
o
m
th
e
C
o
mm
uni
t
y
of
F
in
a
n
c
ia
l
M
a
r
ke
t
P
r
of
e
s
s
io
na
ls
in
P
ol
a
nd,”
T
he
I
nt
e
r
nat
io
nal
J
our
nal
o
f
D
ig
it
al
A
c
c
ount
in
g
R
e
s
e
a
r
c
h
,
p
p.
29
–
58,
2019, do
i:
10.4192/1577
-
8517
-
v
19_2.
[
3]
L.
-
A
.
B
o
te
s
,
W
.
H
a
m
e
r
,
D
.
N
e
ll
,
P
.
G
oo
s
e
n,
a
nd
H
.
B
r
a
nd,
“
E
v
a
lu
a
ti
ng
th
e
im
pa
c
t
of
o
p
e
r
a
ti
o
na
l
r
e
p
o
r
ts
,”
Sout
h
A
f
r
ic
an
J
ou
r
nal
of
I
ndus
tr
ia
l
E
ngi
ne
e
r
in
g
, v
o
l.
31, n
o
. 3, N
ov
. 2020, d
o
i:
10.71
66/
31
-
3
-
2428.
[
4]
L
.
M
.
D
.
Y
i
u,
A
.
C
.
L
.
Y
e
u
ng
,
a
nd
T
.
C
.
E
.
C
he
n
g,
“
T
he
im
p
a
c
t
o
f
bu
s
i
ne
s
s
in
te
ll
i
ge
nc
e
s
y
s
te
m
s
o
n
pr
o
f
it
a
b
il
i
t
y
a
n
d
r
i
s
k
s
o
f
f
ir
m
s
,
”
I
nt
e
r
n
at
io
nal
J
o
u
r
n
al
o
f
P
r
o
du
c
ti
o
n R
e
s
e
a
r
c
h
,
v
o
l.
5
9,
no
.
1
3,
p
p.
39
51
–
3
97
4,
M
a
y
20
20
,
do
i:
10
.1
08
0/
00
20
75
43
.2
02
0.
17
56
50
6.
[
5]
N
.
U
.
A
in
,
G
.
V
a
ia
,
W
.
H
.
D
e
L
o
ne
,
a
nd
M
.
W
a
he
e
d
,
“
T
w
o
de
c
a
de
s
of
r
e
s
e
a
r
c
h
o
n
bu
s
i
ne
s
s
i
nt
e
l
li
ge
nc
e
s
y
s
te
m
a
do
p
ti
o
n
,
u
ti
li
z
a
ti
on
a
n
d
s
uc
c
e
s
s
–
A
s
y
s
te
m
a
t
ic
l
it
e
r
a
t
ur
e
r
e
v
ie
w
,
”
D
e
c
i
s
io
n
Su
pp
o
r
t
Sy
s
t
e
m
s
, v
o
l.
1
25
,
p.
1
13
11
3,
2
01
9,
do
i
:
10
.1
01
6/
j
.d
s
s
.
2
01
9.
11
31
13
.
[
6]
F
.
A
.A
lS
e
la
mi
,
I
.
M
.E
L
E
ma
r
y
,
a
nd
H
.
M
.A
la
mo
udi
,
“
R
o
l
e
of
in
t
e
gr
a
ti
ng
bus
in
e
s
s
in
te
ll
ig
e
n
c
e
s
y
s
te
ms
a
nd
kno
w
l
e
dge
ma
na
ge
me
nt
i
n s
upp
o
r
ti
ng
de
c
is
i
o
n
-
ma
ki
ng
pr
oc
e
s
s
i
n s
a
udi
e
l
e
c
tr
i
c
it
y
c
o
mpa
n
y
,”
I
n
te
r
nat
io
nal
J
our
nal
of
E
ngi
ne
e
r
in
g R
e
s
e
ar
c
h
and T
e
c
hnol
ogy
, vo
l.
13, n
o
. 4, p. 744, Apr
. 2020, d
o
i:
10.3762
4/
ij
e
r
t/
13.4.2020.744
-
755.
[
7]
R
.
K
uma
r
a
nd
P
.
S
.
B
is
hnu,
“
I
de
nt
i
f
i
c
a
ti
o
n
of
k
-
m
o
s
t
pr
omi
s
in
g
f
e
a
tu
r
e
s
to
s
e
t
bl
u
e
oc
e
a
n
s
tr
a
te
g
y
in
de
c
is
i
o
n
ma
ki
ng,”
D
at
a Sc
ie
nc
e
and E
ngi
ne
e
r
in
g
, v
o
l.
4, n
o
.
4, pp. 367
–
384, O
c
t.
2019, do
i:
10.1007/s
41019
-
019
-
00106
-
z.
[
8]
L
.
M
.
D
.
Y
iu
,
A
.
C
.
L
.
Y
e
ung,
a
nd
A
.
P
.
L
.
J
o
ng,
“
B
us
in
e
s
s
in
te
ll
ig
e
n
c
e
s
y
s
t
e
ms
a
nd
o
p
e
r
a
ti
o
na
l
c
a
pa
bi
li
t
y
:
a
n
e
mp
ir
i
c
a
l
a
na
l
y
s
is
of
hi
gh
-
t
e
c
h
s
e
c
t
or
s
,”
I
ndus
tr
ia
l
M
anage
m
e
nt
&
am
p;
D
at
a
Sy
s
te
ms
,
vo
l.
120,
n
o
.
6,
pp.
1195
–
1215,
M
a
y
2
020,
do
i:
10.1108/i
mds
-
12
-
2019
-
0659.
[
9]
A
.
A
.
A
.
R
a
hma
n,
“
B
ib
li
o
me
t
r
i
c
a
ppr
o
a
c
h
of
bus
in
e
s
s
in
te
ll
ig
e
n
c
e
a
s
te
c
hni
c
a
l
in
f
r
a
e
s
tr
u
c
tu
r
e
t
o
e
nha
n
c
e
th
e
o
r
ga
ni
z
a
ti
o
na
l
pe
r
f
or
ma
nc
e
,
c
o
mp
e
ti
ti
v
e
n
e
s
s
a
nd
de
c
is
io
n
ma
ki
ng,
”
J
our
nal
of
L
e
gal
,
E
th
ic
al
and
R
e
gul
at
or
y
,
v
o
l.
24,
2021,
[
O
nl
in
e
]
.
A
v
a
il
a
bl
e
:
ht
tp
s
:/
/ww
w
.a
ba
c
a
de
mi
e
s
.
o
r
g/
a
r
t
ic
l
e
s
/b
ib
li
o
m
e
tr
ic
-
a
ppr
o
a
c
h
-
of
-
bus
in
e
s
s
-
in
t
e
ll
ig
e
nc
e
-
as
-
te
c
hni
c
a
l
-
in
f
r
a
s
tr
uc
tu
r
e
-
to
-
e
nha
nc
e
-
th
e
-
o
r
ga
ni
z
a
ti
o
na
l
-
pe
r
f
o
r
ma
n
c
e
-
c
o
mp
e
ti
ti
ve
n
e
-
11696.
ht
ml.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
t
J
I
n
f
&
C
o
m
m
u
n
T
e
c
hn
o
l
I
S
S
N:
2252
-
8776
B
us
ines
s
int
e
ll
igenc
e
and
it
s
impac
t
on
or
ganiz
ati
onal
de
c
is
ion
-
mak
ing
:
…
(
C
e
s
ar
P
atr
i
c
io
-
P
e
r
alt
a
)
747
[
10]
S
.
E
.
A
.
B
ua
na
nt
a
a
nd
A
.
C
ho
w
a
nda
,
“
B
i
da
s
hbo
a
r
d
to
s
uppo
r
t
d
e
c
is
io
n
ma
ki
ng
o
n
pr
o
du
c
t
pr
o
m
o
t
i
o
n
f
o
r
pa
y
m
e
nt
/p
u
r
c
h
a
s
e
tr
a
ns
a
c
ti
o
ns
o
n
e
-
ba
nki
ng,”
J
our
nal
of
T
he
or
e
ti
c
al
and A
ppl
ie
d
I
nf
or
m
at
io
n T
e
c
hnol
ogy
, v
o
l.
99, n
o
. 15, pp. 3713
–
3724, 2021.
[
11]
M
.
L
a
t
e
e
f
a
nd
P
.
K
e
ik
h
o
s
r
o
ki
a
ni
,
“
P
r
e
di
c
ti
ng
c
r
it
i
c
a
l
s
uc
c
e
s
s
f
a
c
t
o
r
s
of
bus
in
e
s
s
in
te
ll
ig
e
n
c
e
im
pl
e
m
e
nt
a
ti
o
n
f
or
im
pr
ovi
ng
S
M
E
s
’
pe
r
f
o
r
ma
n
c
e
s
:
a
c
a
s
e
s
tu
d
y
of
L
a
g
o
s
S
ta
t
e
,
N
ig
e
r
ia
,”
J
our
nal
of
th
e
K
now
le
dge
E
c
onomy
,
vo
l.
14,
n
o
.
3,
pp.
2081
–
2
106,
F
e
b. 20
22, d
o
i:
10.1007/s
13132
-
022
-
00961
-
8.
[
12]
A
. K
a
p
o
,
L
.
T
u
r
ul
ja
,
T
.
Z
a
im
ov
i
ć
, a
nd S
.
M
e
hi
ć
, “
E
x
a
mi
ni
ng
t
he
e
f
f
e
c
t
of
us
e
r
s
a
ti
s
f
a
c
ti
o
n a
nd bus
in
e
s
s
i
nt
e
ll
ig
e
n
c
e
s
y
s
t
e
m
u
s
a
ge
o
n i
ndi
v
id
ua
l
j
o
b p
e
r
f
or
ma
n
c
e
,”
M
anage
m
e
nt
,
vo
l.
26, n
o
. 2, pp
. 43
–
62, De
c
. 2021, d
o
i:
10.30924/m
j
c
mi
.26.2.3.
[
13]
S
.
A
hma
d,
S
.
M
is
ko
n,
R
.
A
la
bda
n,
a
nd
I
.
T
li
li
,
“
S
ta
ti
s
ti
c
a
l
a
s
s
e
s
s
me
nt
of
bus
in
e
s
s
in
te
ll
ig
e
n
c
e
s
y
s
t
e
m
a
do
pt
i
o
n
m
o
d
e
l
f
o
r
s
us
ta
in
a
bl
e
t
e
x
ti
l
e
a
nd a
ppa
r
e
l
in
dus
tr
y
,”
I
E
E
E
A
c
c
e
s
s
, v
ol
. 9, p
p. 106560
–
106574, 2021, do
i:
10.1109/a
c
c
e
s
s
.2021.3100410.
[
14]
P
.
T
o
r
e
in
i,
M
.
L
a
ngn
e
r
,
A
.
M
a
e
d
c
h
e
,
S
.
M
o
r
a
na
,
a
nd
T
.
V
o
g
e
l,
“
D
e
s
ig
ni
ng
a
tt
e
n
ti
v
e
in
f
o
r
ma
ti
o
n
da
s
hb
o
a
r
ds
,”
J
our
nal
of
t
h
e
A
s
s
oc
ia
ti
on
f
or
I
n
f
or
m
at
io
n Sy
s
te
m
s
, v
o
l.
22, n
o
.
2, pp. 521
–
552, M
a
r
. 2022, do
i:
10.17705/1j
a
is
.00
732.
[
15]
B
.
F
.
B
o
l
o
nh
e
z
a
nd
J
.
Y
.
N
a
mba
,
“
A
ppl
ic
a
ti
o
n
of
a
bus
in
e
s
s
in
te
ll
ig
e
n
c
e
t
oo
l
f
or
th
e
di
a
gn
o
s
is
of
gr
o
undwa
te
r
us
e
in
th
e
s
ta
t
e
of
P
a
r
a
ná
a
nd
in
it
s
muni
c
ip
a
li
ti
e
s
|
A
pl
ic
a
ç
ã
o
de
uma
f
e
r
r
a
m
e
nt
a
de
B
us
in
e
s
s
I
nt
e
ll
ig
e
n
c
e
pa
r
a
o
di
-
a
gnós
ti
c
o
d
o
us
o
d
e
á
gua
s
ubt
e
r
r
â
n
e
a
s
no
e
s
ta
do
d
o
P
a
r
a
ná
e
,”
Á
guas
Subte
r
r
âne
as
, v
o
l.
36, no
. 2, 2022.
[
16]
O
.
K
o
pn
ov
a
,
A
.
S
ha
por
e
v
a
,
K
.
I
kl
a
s
s
ov
a
,
A
.
K
us
humba
y
e
v
,
A
.
T
a
d
z
hi
gi
t
ov
,
a
nd
A
.
A
it
y
m
ov
a
,
“
B
ui
ld
in
g
a
n
in
f
or
ma
ti
o
n
a
na
l
y
s
is
s
y
s
te
m
w
it
hi
n
a
c
o
r
p
o
r
a
t
e
in
f
or
ma
ti
o
n
s
y
s
t
e
m
f
o
r
c
o
mbi
n
in
g
a
nd
s
tr
uc
tu
r
in
g
or
ga
ni
z
a
ti
o
n
da
ta
(
o
n
th
e
e
x
a
mpl
e
of
a
uni
ve
r
s
it
y
)
,”
E
as
te
r
n
-
E
ur
ope
an J
our
nal
o
f
E
nt
e
r
p
r
is
e
T
e
c
hnol
ogi
e
s
, v
o
l.
6,
no
. 2
, pp. 20
–
29, 2022, d
o
i:
10.15587/1729
-
4061.2022.267893.
[
17]
G
a
r
c
é
s
-
G
i
r
a
ld
o
e
t
al
.
,
“
U
s
e
of
bi
g
da
ta
in
a
bus
in
e
s
s
c
o
nt
e
x
t
a
s
a
de
c
is
i
o
n
-
ma
ki
ng
t
oo
l:
a
bi
bl
i
o
m
e
tr
i
c
a
ppr
o
a
c
h
|
U
s
o
d
e
B
ig
D
a
ta
e
n
c
o
nt
e
x
t
o
e
mpr
e
s
a
r
ia
l
c
o
m
o
h
e
r
r
a
mi
e
nt
a
pa
r
a
la
to
ma
de
d
e
c
is
io
n
e
s
:
una
a
pr
ox
im
a
c
ió
n
bi
bl
i
o
mé
tr
i
c
a
,”
R
e
v
is
ta
I
bé
r
ic
a de
Si
s
te
m
as
e
T
e
c
nol
ogi
a
s
de
I
n
f
or
m
aç
ão
, pp. 5
70
–
585, 2022.
[
18]
H.
-
P
.
F
u,
T
.
-
H
. C
ha
ng, Y.
-
H
.
T
e
ng, C
.
-
H
.
L
iu
, a
nd
H
.
-
C
. C
hua
ng, “
C
r
it
ic
a
l
f
a
c
t
or
s
c
o
ns
id
e
r
e
d b
y
c
o
mpa
ni
e
s
t
o
i
nt
r
o
duc
e
bus
i
ne
s
s
in
te
ll
ig
e
n
c
e
s
y
s
t
e
ms
,”
A
x
io
m
s
, vo
l.
11, n
o
. 7, p. 338, J
ul
. 2022,
do
i:
10.3390/a
x
i
o
ms
11070338.
[
19]
M
.
K
ha
n
e
t
a
l.
,
“
E
T
L
ma
tu
r
it
y
m
o
de
l
f
or
da
ta
w
a
r
e
h
o
us
e
s
y
s
t
e
ms
:
a
C
M
M
I
c
o
mpl
ia
nt
f
r
a
m
e
w
o
r
k,”
C
om
put
e
r
s
,
M
at
e
r
ia
ls
&
a
m
p;
C
ont
in
ua
, vo
l.
74, n
o
. 2, pp. 3849
–
3863, 2023, d
o
i:
10.32604/
c
mc
.2023.027387.
[
20]
T
.
K
o
ngt
ha
na
s
uw
a
n,
N
.
S
r
iwi
boo
n,
B
.
H
o
r
ba
nl
u
e
ki
t,
W
.
L
a
e
s
a
nkl
a
ng,
a
nd
T
.
K
r
it
y
a
k
ie
r
ne
,
“
M
a
r
ke
t
a
na
l
y
s
is
w
it
h
bus
in
e
s
s
in
te
ll
ig
e
n
c
e
s
y
s
t
e
m
f
o
r
ma
r
ke
t
in
g pl
a
nni
ng,”
I
nf
or
m
at
io
n
, v
o
l.
14, no
. 2, p. 116, F
e
b. 2023, d
o
i:
10.3390/i
n
f
o14020116.
[
21]
V.
-
H
.
T
r
i
e
u,
“
T
o
w
a
r
ds
a
n
und
e
r
s
ta
ndi
ng
of
a
c
tu
a
l
bus
in
e
s
s
in
te
ll
ig
e
n
c
e
te
c
hn
o
l
o
g
y
us
e
:
a
n
in
di
vi
dua
l
us
e
r
p
e
r
s
pe
c
ti
ve
,”
I
nf
or
m
at
io
n T
e
c
hnol
ogy
&
am
p;
P
e
opl
e
,
vo
l.
36, n
o
. 1, pp. 409
–
432, M
a
r
. 2022, do
i:
10.1108/i
tp
-
11
-
2020
-
0786.
[
22]
I
.
A
.
A
bu
-
A
lS
o
nd
o
s
,
“
T
h
e
im
pa
c
t
of
bus
in
e
s
s
in
te
ll
ig
e
nc
e
s
y
s
te
m
(
B
I
S
)
o
n
qua
li
t
y
of
s
tr
a
te
g
ic
d
e
c
is
i
o
n
-
ma
ki
ng,”
I
nt
e
r
nat
io
nal
J
our
nal
of
D
at
a and
N
e
tw
or
k
Sc
ie
nc
e
, v
o
l.
7, n
o
.
4, pp. 1901
–
1912, 2023, do
i:
10.5267/j
.
ij
dns
.2023.7.003.
[
23]
A
.
Z
it
ha
a
nd
O
.
A
.
A
ji
gi
ni
,
“
A
m
o
de
l
f
o
r
th
e
bus
in
e
s
s
in
t
e
l
li
ge
n
c
e
s
y
s
t
e
m
a
c
c
e
pt
a
n
c
e
in
th
e
s
o
ut
h
a
f
r
ic
a
n
ba
nki
ng
s
e
c
t
o
r
,”
J
our
nal
of
T
he
o
r
e
ti
c
al
and A
ppl
ie
d I
nf
o
r
m
at
io
n T
e
c
hnol
ogy
, v
ol
. 101, no
. 8, pp. 3027
–
3043, 2023.
[
24]
X
.
L
in
g
a
nd
H
.
W
a
ng,
“
G
r
e
e
n
be
ha
v
i
or
s
tr
a
te
gi
e
s
in
th
e
gr
e
e
n
c
r
e
di
t
ma
r
k
e
t:
a
na
l
y
s
is
of
th
e
im
pa
c
ts
of
e
nt
e
r
pr
is
e
s
’
gr
e
e
nw
a
s
h
in
g
a
nd bloc
kc
ha
in
t
e
c
hn
o
l
o
g
y
,”
Sus
ta
in
abi
li
ty
,
vo
l.
16, n
o
. 11, p. 4
858, J
un. 2024, do
i:
10.3390/s
u16114858.
[
25]
W
.
G
e
o
r
g
e
a
nd
T
.
A
l
-
A
ns
a
r
i,
“
R
o
a
dma
p
f
o
r
na
ti
o
na
l
a
d
o
pt
i
on
of
bl
oc
k
c
ha
in
t
e
c
hn
ol
o
g
y
t
o
w
a
r
ds
s
e
c
ur
in
g
th
e
f
oo
d
s
y
s
t
e
m
of
Q
a
ta
r
,”
Sus
ta
in
abi
li
ty
, vo
l.
16, n
o
. 7, p. 29
56, Apr
. 2024, d
o
i:
1
0.3390/s
u16072956.
[
26]
Y
.
L
iu
,
W
.
W
a
ng,
a
nd
J
.
L
iu
,
“
O
pe
r
a
ti
o
na
l
s
tr
a
te
g
y
a
na
l
y
s
is
of
f
a
s
hi
o
n
br
a
nds
to
de
ve
l
o
p
di
gi
ta
l
a
s
s
e
ts
unde
r
th
e
s
us
ta
in
a
b
il
it
y
go
a
ls
,”
Sy
s
te
m
s
, v
o
l.
12, n
o
. 11, p. 449, O
c
t.
2024, d
o
i:
10.3390
/s
y
s
te
ms
12110449.
[
27]
D
.
Y
a
ng
a
nd
W
.
-
T
.
T
s
a
i,
“
A
n
o
pt
im
i
z
e
d
e
n
c
r
y
pt
i
o
n
s
to
r
a
g
e
s
c
he
m
e
f
o
r
bl
oc
k
c
ha
in
da
ta
ba
s
e
d
o
n
c
o
ld
a
nd
hot
bl
o
c
ks
a
nd
th
r
e
s
h
o
ld
s
e
c
r
e
t
s
ha
r
in
g,”
E
nt
r
opy
,
vo
l.
26, n
o
. 8, p. 690, Aug.
2024, do
i:
10.3390/
e
26080690.
[
28]
Y
.
G
a
o
,
X
.
L
i,
Z
.
P
e
ng,
Y
.
Z
ha
ng,
a
nd
G
.
Y
u,
“
N
e
uC
ha
in
+
:
a
s
ha
r
di
ng
pe
r
mi
s
s
i
o
ne
d
b
l
o
c
k
c
ha
in
s
y
s
t
e
m
w
it
h
o
r
d
e
r
in
g
-
f
r
e
e
c
o
ns
e
ns
us
,”
A
ppl
ie
d Sc
ie
nc
e
s
, v
o
l.
14, n
o
. 11, p. 4897, J
un. 202
4, do
i:
10.3390/app141148
97.
[
29]
A
.
C
la
r
k,
A
.
M
ih
a
il
o
v
,
a
nd
M
.
Z
a
r
gha
m,
“
C
o
mpl
e
x
s
y
s
t
e
ms
mo
d
e
li
ng
of
c
o
mm
uni
t
y
in
c
lu
s
io
n
c
ur
r
e
n
c
i
e
s
,”
C
om
put
at
io
nal
E
c
onomic
s
, vo
l.
64, n
o
. 2, pp. 1259
–
1294, S
e
p.
2023, do
i:
10.1007/s
10614
-
023
-
10445
-
9.
[
30]
Y
.
Z
h
o
u,
C
.
L
ia
ng,
a
nd
K
.
-
H
.
W
o
ng,
“
T
h
e
o
pt
im
a
l
l
o
gi
s
ti
c
s
d
is
tr
ib
ut
io
n
s
e
r
vi
c
e
s
tr
a
t
e
g
y
of
th
e
e
-
c
o
m
me
r
c
e
c
l
o
s
e
d
-
l
oo
p
s
uppl
y
c
ha
in
n
e
tw
o
r
k
und
e
r
bl
o
c
k
c
ha
in
t
e
c
hn
o
l
o
g
y
a
nd
th
e
g
ove
r
nm
e
nt
bl
oc
k
c
ha
in
s
ubs
id
y
,”
Sus
ta
in
abi
li
ty
,
vol
.
16,
n
o
.
15,
p.
62
94,
J
ul
. 2
024, do
i:
10.3390/s
u16156294.
[
31]
A
.
L
e
e
la
s
a
nt
it
ha
m,
T
.
W
o
ngs
a
me
r
c
hu
e
,
a
nd
Y
.
S
uka
m
o
ng
ko
l,
“
E
c
o
n
o
m
ic
p
r
i
c
in
g
in
p
e
e
r
-
to
-
p
e
e
r
e
l
e
c
t
r
i
c
a
l
tr
a
di
ng
f
o
r
a
s
us
ta
in
a
bl
e
e
le
c
t
r
ic
it
y
s
uppl
y
c
ha
in
i
ndus
tr
y
i
n
T
ha
il
a
nd,”
E
ne
r
gi
e
s
, v
ol
. 17, n
o
. 5, p. 1220, M
a
r
. 2024,
do
i:
10.3390
/e
n170512
20.
[
32]
K
.
S
.
T
ha
kur
,
R
. A
huj
a
, a
nd R
.
S
in
gh, “
I
oT
-
G
C
ha
in
:
in
t
e
r
n
e
t
of
t
hi
ngs
-
a
s
s
is
te
d s
e
c
u
r
e
a
nd t
r
a
c
ta
bl
e
g
r
a
in
s
uppl
y
c
ha
in
f
r
a
me
w
o
r
k
le
ve
r
a
gi
ng bl
oc
kc
ha
in
,”
E
le
c
tr
oni
c
s
, v
o
l.
13, n
o
. 18, p. 3740,
S
e
p. 2024, d
o
i:
10.3390/
e
l
e
c
tr
o
ni
c
s
13183740.
[
33]
R
.
Z
ho
u, J
. W
a
n
g, a
nd D
.
Z
hu
,
“
B
lo
c
kc
ha
in
te
c
hno
lo
g
y
a
do
pt
io
n
by
c
r
it
i
c
a
l
s
t
a
ke
ho
ld
e
r
s
in
pr
e
f
a
br
ic
a
te
d
c
o
ns
tr
uc
ti
o
n
s
up
pl
y
c
ha
in
ba
s
e
d o
n e
v
o
lu
ti
o
na
r
y
ga
me
a
nd
s
y
s
te
m d
y
na
mi
c
s
,”
B
ui
ld
in
gs
, v
o
l.
14, no
. 9,
p.
3034
, S
e
p. 2
024,
do
i:
10.
3390
/
bui
l
di
ng
s
14
0930
3
4.
[
34]
A
.
B
o
uma
i
z
a
,
“
A
bl
oc
k
c
ha
in
-
ba
s
e
d
s
c
a
la
bi
li
t
y
s
o
lu
ti
o
n
w
it
h
mi
c
r
o
g
r
id
s
pe
e
r
-
to
-
pe
e
r
tr
a
de
,”
E
ne
r
gi
e
s
,
vo
l.
17,
n
o
.
4,
p.
915,
F
e
b. 2024, d
o
i:
10.3390/
e
n17040915.
[
35]
C
.
Z
ha
ng,
Y
.
X
u,
a
nd
Y
.
Z
he
ng,
“
B
l
oc
kc
ha
in
tr
a
c
e
a
bi
li
t
y
a
do
p
ti
o
n
in
l
o
w
-
c
a
r
b
o
n
s
uppl
y
c
ha
in
s
:
a
n
e
vo
lu
ti
o
na
r
y
ga
m
e
a
na
l
y
s
is
,”
Sus
ta
in
abi
li
ty
, vo
l.
16, n
o
. 5, p. 1817, F
e
b. 2024, d
o
i:
10.3390/s
u16051817.
[
36]
Y.
-
C
.
C
hi
n,
C
.
-
L
.
H
s
u,
T
.
-
W
.
L
in
,
a
nd
K
.
-
Y
.
T
s
a
i,
“
A
hi
e
r
a
r
c
hi
c
a
l
bl
oc
k
c
ha
in
s
y
s
t
e
m
f
or
s
o
c
ia
l
e
c
o
n
o
m
y
s
e
r
v
i
c
e
s
,”
E
le
c
tr
oni
c
s
,
vo
l.
13, n
o
. 20, p. 4004, O
c
t.
2024, d
o
i:
10.3390/
e
l
e
c
tr
o
ni
c
s
13204004.
[
37]
S
.
S
a
f
e
e
r
a
nd
C
.
P
ul
v
e
nt
o
,
“
B
l
oc
kc
ha
in
-
ba
c
k
e
d
s
us
ta
in
a
bl
e
ma
na
ge
me
nt
of
i
ta
li
a
n
to
ma
t
o
pr
oc
e
s
s
in
g
in
dus
tr
y
,”
A
gr
ic
ul
t
ur
e
,
vo
l.
14, n
o
. 7, p. 1120, J
ul
. 2024, d
o
i:
10
.3390/a
gr
i
c
ul
tu
r
e
1407
1120.
[
38]
O
.
I
.
K
a
dhum
a
nd
A
.
H
.
H
a
ma
d,
“
E
v
a
lu
a
ti
ng
th
e
p
e
r
f
or
ma
nc
e
of
a
mul
ti
-
o
r
ga
ni
z
a
ti
o
na
l
e
-
g
ove
r
nm
e
nt
pl
a
t
f
or
m
o
n
h
y
p
e
r
l
e
dge
r
f
a
br
ic
w
it
h
f
u
z
z
y
l
o
gi
c
-
e
nha
nc
e
d
mul
ti
-
c
ha
nn
e
l
c
o
nn
e
c
ti
v
it
y
,”
I
ngé
ni
e
r
ie
de
s
s
y
s
tè
m
e
s
d
in
f
or
m
at
io
n
,
v
o
l.
29,
n
o
.
2,
pp.
571
–
580,
A
pr
. 2024, do
i:
10.18280
/i
s
i.
290218.
[
39]
I
.
S
in
gh,
A
.
K
a
ur
,
P
.
A
ga
r
w
a
l,
a
nd
S
.
M
.
I
dr
e
e
s
,
“
E
nha
nc
in
g
s
e
c
ur
it
y
a
nd
tr
a
ns
pa
r
e
n
c
y
in
o
n
li
ne
vo
ti
ng
th
r
o
ugh
bl
oc
k
c
ha
in
de
c
e
nt
r
a
li
z
a
ti
o
n,”
SN
C
om
put
e
r
Sc
ie
nc
e
, v
o
l.
5, n
o
. 7, S
e
p. 202
4,
do
i:
10.1007/s
42979
-
024
-
03286
-
2.
[
40]
A
.
K
r
y
s
ov
a
t
yy
,
O
.
D
e
s
y
a
tn
y
uk,
a
nd
O
.
P
ta
s
hc
h
e
nk
o
,
“
D
ig
it
a
l
i
nnov
a
ti
o
ns
a
nd
th
e
i
r
r
a
mi
f
i
c
a
ti
o
ns
f
o
r
f
in
a
nc
ia
l
a
nd
s
ta
te
s
e
c
ur
i
t
y
,”
A
F
R
I
C
A
N
J
O
U
R
N
A
L
O
F
A
P
P
L
I
E
D
R
E
S
E
A
R
C
H
,
vo
l.
10, n
o
. 1
, pp. 431
–
441, J
ul
. 2024, do
i:
10.26
437/
a
ja
r
.
v
10i
1.713.
[
41]
D
.
W
a
ng,
D
.
Z
ha
o
,
F
.
C
h
e
n,
a
nd
X
.
T
a
ng,
“
R
e
s
e
a
r
c
h
o
n
e
ne
r
g
y
tr
a
di
ng
me
c
ha
ni
s
m
ba
s
e
d
o
n
in
d
i
v
id
ua
l
l
e
ve
l
c
a
r
b
o
n
qu
ot
a
,”
Sus
ta
in
abi
li
ty
, vo
l.
16, n
o
. 13, p. 5810, J
ul
. 2024, d
o
i:
10.3390/
s
u16135810.
[
42]
M
.
C
ha
uh
a
n
a
nd
D
.
R
.
S
a
ho
o
,
“
T
o
w
a
r
ds
a
gr
e
e
n
e
r
t
o
m
o
r
r
o
w
:
e
x
pl
or
in
g
th
e
p
o
t
e
nt
ia
l
of
A
I
,
bl
oc
k
c
ha
in
,
a
nd
I
oT
in
s
us
ta
in
a
bl
e
de
ve
l
o
pme
n
t,
”
N
at
ur
e
E
nv
i
r
onm
e
nt
and
P
ol
lu
ti
on
T
e
c
hnol
ogy
,
v
o
l.
23,
no
.
2,
pp.
1105
-
1113,
J
un.
2
024,
do
i:
10.46488/n
e
pt
.2024.
v
23i
02.
044.
[
43]
J
.
F
a
n,
Q
.
W
a
ng,
a
nd
Y
.
W
a
ng,
“
T
he
im
pa
c
t
of
bl
o
c
k
c
ha
in
o
n
th
e
a
dmi
ni
s
tr
a
ti
ve
e
f
f
i
c
i
e
nc
y
of
pr
ov
in
c
ia
l
g
ove
r
nm
e
nt
s
ba
s
e
d
o
n
th
e
da
ta
e
n
ve
l
o
pm
e
nt
a
na
l
y
s
is
–
t
o
bi
t
m
o
d
e
l,
”
Sus
ta
in
abi
li
ty
,
vo
l.
16, no
. 7, p. 2909, M
a
r
. 2024, d
o
i:
10.3390/s
u16072909.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
S
S
N
:
2252
-
8776
I
n
t
J
I
n
f
&
C
o
m
m
u
n
T
e
c
hn
o
l
,
Vo
l
.
15
,
N
o.
2
,
J
un
e
20
26
:
741
-
749
748
[
44]
A
.
A
bua
lh
a
ma
y
l,
M
.
A
lm
a
lk
i,
F
.
A
l
-
D
o
ghma
n,
A
.
A
ly
o
ub
i,
a
nd
F
.
K
.
H
us
s
a
in
,
“
B
lo
c
k
c
ha
in
f
o
r
r
e
a
l
e
s
ta
te
pr
ove
na
nc
e
:
a
n
in
f
r
a
s
tr
uc
tu
r
a
l
s
te
p
t
o
w
a
r
d
s
e
c
u
r
e
tr
a
ns
a
c
ti
o
ns
in
r
e
a
l
e
s
ta
te
E
-
B
us
in
e
s
s
,”
Se
r
v
ic
e
O
r
ie
nt
e
d
C
om
put
in
g
and
A
ppl
ic
at
io
ns
,
vo
l.
18, no
.
4, pp. 333
–
347, M
a
y
2024, d
o
i
:
10.1007/s
11761
-
024
-
00
403
-
0.
[
45]
F
.
B
a
pt
is
ta
,
M
.
D
e
he
z
-
C
l
e
m
e
nt
i,
a
nd
J
.
D
e
tc
ha
r
t,
“
D
F
l
y
:
a
publ
ic
l
y
a
udi
ta
bl
e
a
nd
pr
i
v
a
c
y
-
pr
e
s
e
r
vi
ng
U
A
S
tr
a
f
f
i
c
ma
na
ge
m
e
nt
s
y
s
te
m
o
n bl
oc
k
c
ha
in
,”
D
r
one
s
, v
o
l.
8, n
o
. 8, p. 410, Aug. 202
4
, do
i:
10.3390/d
r
o
ne
s
8080410.
[
46]
D
.
C
ho
udha
r
y
,
K
.
S
.
S
a
ngw
a
n,
a
nd
A
.
S
in
gh,
“
B
l
oc
k
c
ha
in
-
e
na
bl
e
d
a
r
c
hi
t
e
c
tu
r
e
f
or
l
e
a
d
a
c
id
ba
tt
e
r
y
c
ir
c
ul
a
r
i
t
y
,”
Sc
ie
nt
if
ic
R
e
por
t
s
, v
o
l.
14, n
o
. 1, J
ul
. 2024, d
o
i:
10.1038/s
4159
8
-
024
-
67404
-
z.
[
47]
J
.
Z
ha
ng
a
nd
C
.
R
u
a
n,
“
B
lo
c
kc
ha
in
t
e
c
hn
o
l
o
g
y
a
nd
c
or
p
o
r
a
t
e
pe
r
f
or
ma
nc
e
:
e
mpi
r
ic
a
l
e
v
id
e
n
c
e
f
r
o
m
li
s
t
e
d
c
o
mpa
ni
e
s
in
C
hi
na
,”
Sus
ta
in
abi
li
ty
, vo
l.
16, n
o
. 21, p. 9177, O
c
t.
2024, d
o
i:
10.3390/
s
u16219177.
[
48]
D
.
A
.
R
a
ma
n,
D
.
R
.
B
a
la
kr
is
hna
n,
D
. A
.
R
.
A
r
o
ki
a
s
a
m
y
,
D
.
M
.
P
a
nt
,
a
nd D
.
P
.
S
u
ki
r
th
a
na
nda
n,
“
D
e
s
ig
n
o
f
qua
li
t
y
of
e
x
p
e
r
ie
n
c
e
-
ba
s
e
d
gr
e
e
n
in
te
r
ne
t
a
r
c
hi
t
e
c
tu
r
e
f
o
r
s
ma
r
t
c
it
y
,”
J
our
nal
of
I
nt
e
r
ne
t
Se
r
v
ic
e
s
and
I
nf
or
m
at
io
n
Se
c
u
r
it
y
,
v
ol
.
14,
n
o
.
3,
pp. 157
–
166, Aug. 2024, do
i:
10.58346/j
is
is
.2024.i3.009.
B
I
OG
RA
P
HI
E
S
OF
AU
T
HO
RS
C
es
a
r
P
a
tri
ci
o
-
P
era
l
ta
S
y
s
t
em
s
an
d
Co
m
p
u
t
e
r
E
n
g
i
n
ee
r,
D
o
c
t
o
r
i
n
S
y
s
t
ems
E
n
g
i
n
ee
r
i
n
g
fr
o
m
t
h
e
U
n
i
v
e
rs
i
d
a
d
N
a
c
i
o
n
a
l
F
ed
e
ri
co
V
i
l
l
arr
e
al
(U
N
FV
)
,
a
n
d
Mas
t
e
r
i
n
S
y
s
t
em
s
E
n
g
i
n
ee
r
i
n
g
w
i
t
h
a
men
t
i
o
n
i
n
In
fo
r
m
at
i
o
n
T
ech
n
o
l
o
g
i
e
s
an
d
T
el
em
at
i
c
s
.
H
e
h
as
o
v
e
r
1
3
y
e
ars
o
f
p
ro
f
e
s
s
i
o
n
a
l
e
x
p
e
ri
e
n
ce
i
n
t
h
e
p
ri
v
at
e
s
ect
o
r,
fo
c
u
s
i
n
g
o
n
s
y
s
t
em
s
en
g
i
n
ee
ri
n
g
,
T
e
ch
n
o
l
o
g
i
c
al
In
fras
t
ru
c
t
u
r
e
,
S
ci
e
n
ce
,
T
ech
n
o
l
o
g
y
,
an
d
E
l
ec
t
ro
n
i
c
G
o
v
e
rn
men
t
.
H
e
c
u
rr
en
t
l
y
w
o
rk
s
as
a
Pro
f
e
s
s
o
r
at
t
h
e
Pr
o
f
e
s
s
i
o
n
a
l
S
c
h
o
o
l
o
f
S
y
s
t
em
s
E
n
g
i
n
ee
ri
n
g
an
d
I
n
f
o
r
m
at
i
c
s
at
t
h
e
U
n
i
v
e
rs
i
d
a
d
Co
n
t
i
n
en
t
al
i
n
P
e
rú
.
H
e
i
s
al
s
o
a
Pro
f
es
s
o
r
o
f
S
o
ft
w
ar
e
E
n
g
i
n
ee
ri
n
g
at
t
h
e
U
n
i
v
e
rs
i
d
a
d
T
ec
n
o
l
ó
g
i
c
a
d
el
P
e
rú
.
H
e
c
an
b
e
co
n
t
a
c
t
ed
at
em
ai
l
:
ce
s
ar.
p
at
ri
c
i
o
@
o
u
t
l
o
o
k
.
e
s
.
Hern
a
n
P
eña
C
a
rn
ero
Sy
s
t
em
s
E
n
g
i
n
ee
r,
Mas
t
e
r's
i
n
S
y
s
t
em
s
E
n
g
i
n
ee
ri
n
g
,
w
i
t
h
o
v
e
r
1
0
y
e
ars
o
f
p
ro
f
e
s
s
i
o
n
al
e
x
p
e
ri
en
ce
i
n
t
h
e
p
u
b
l
i
c
a
n
d
p
ri
v
at
e
s
ec
t
o
rs
,
i
n
c
l
u
d
i
n
g
e
x
p
e
r
i
e
n
ce
i
n
A
c
ad
emi
c
Ma
n
ag
eme
n
t
.
I
al
s
o
h
a
v
e
1
0
y
e
ars
o
f
e
x
p
eri
en
ce
as
a
p
ro
f
e
s
s
o
r
a
n
d
t
h
e
s
i
s
a
d
v
i
s
o
r
i
n
S
y
s
t
em
s
an
d
So
ft
w
ar
e
E
n
g
i
n
ee
r
i
n
g
at
t
h
e
u
n
i
v
e
rs
i
t
y
l
e
v
el
.
Y
o
u
c
a
n
co
n
t
a
c
t
me
at
em
a
i
l
:
c
2
2
4
3
4
@
u
t
p
.
e
d
u
.
p
e.
J
es
ús
Za
m
o
ra
M
o
n
dra
g
o
n
Sy
s
t
em
s
an
d
Co
m
p
u
t
e
r
E
n
g
i
n
ee
r,
D
o
c
t
o
r
i
n
A
d
mi
n
i
s
t
rat
i
o
n
,
h
i
g
h
l
y
q
u
al
i
fi
ed
p
ro
f
e
s
s
i
o
n
al
i
n
I
C
T
,
Man
ag
emen
t
an
d
A
d
mi
n
i
s
t
rat
i
o
n
;
acc
u
s
t
o
me
d
t
o
w
o
rk
i
n
g
as
a
t
e
am
w
i
t
h
l
e
a
d
e
rs
h
i
p
an
d
i
n
s
t
i
t
u
t
i
o
n
a
l
c
o
mmi
t
men
t
an
d
fa
c
u
l
t
y
ad
v
i
s
o
r
at
t
h
e
U
n
i
v
e
rs
i
d
a
d
Cés
ar
V
a
l
l
ej
o
.
H
e
c
a
n
b
e
c
o
n
t
ac
t
ed
at
em
ai
l
:
j
e
z
m
7
8
@
g
m
ai
l
.
co
m
.
A
da
n
E
u
g
eni
o
C
o
n
trera
s
A
n
g
el
es
A
S
y
s
t
em
s
e
n
g
i
n
ee
r
fr
o
m
t
h
e
U
n
i
v
e
rs
i
d
a
d
A
l
as
Pe
r
u
an
as
,
w
i
t
h
a
Mas
t
e
r's
d
eg
ree
i
n
P
u
b
l
i
c
Ma
n
a
g
emen
t
an
d
G
o
v
e
rn
men
t
Co
n
t
ro
l
fro
m
t
h
e
U
n
i
v
e
rs
i
d
ad
A
l
as
P
e
ru
a
n
as
.
Pro
f
e
s
s
o
r
at
t
h
e
P
e
ru
v
i
an
N
at
i
o
n
a
l
Po
l
i
ce
O
ffi
ce
rs
'
S
c
h
o
o
l
fro
m
2
0
1
6
t
o
t
h
e
p
re
s
e
n
t
.
Pro
f
e
s
s
o
r
at
t
h
e
U
n
i
v
e
rs
i
d
a
d
T
e
cn
o
l
ó
g
i
c
a
d
el
Pe
rú
t
o
t
h
e
p
re
s
e
n
t
.
H
e
c
an
b
e
co
n
t
a
c
t
ed
at
em
ai
l
:
a
d
an
_
2
1
_
8
@
h
o
t
m
ai
l
.
co
m
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
t
J
I
n
f
&
C
o
m
m
u
n
T
e
c
hn
o
l
I
S
S
N:
2252
-
8776
B
us
ines
s
int
e
ll
igenc
e
and
it
s
impac
t
on
or
ganiz
ati
onal
de
c
is
ion
-
mak
ing
:
…
(
C
e
s
ar
P
atr
i
c
io
-
P
e
r
alt
a
)
749
M
a
ri
n
a
V
a
rg
a
s
V
e
g
a
S
y
s
t
em
s
a
n
d
Co
m
p
u
t
e
r
E
n
g
i
n
ee
r,
Ph
.
D
.
c
an
d
i
d
at
e
i
n
S
y
s
t
em
s
E
n
g
i
n
ee
ri
n
g
,
Mas
t
e
r's
i
n
S
y
s
t
em
s
E
n
g
i
n
ee
r
i
n
g
w
i
t
h
a
me
n
t
i
o
n
i
n
I
n
f
o
r
m
at
i
o
n
T
e
ch
n
o
l
o
g
y
,
h
i
g
h
l
y
q
u
al
i
fi
ed
p
ro
f
e
s
s
i
o
n
al
i
n
T
ech
n
o
l
o
g
i
c
a
l
I
n
n
o
v
at
i
o
n
R&
D
+
i
,
s
y
s
t
em
d
ev
e
l
o
p
men
t
,
g
o
v
e
rn
men
t
m
a
n
ag
eme
n
t
i
n
a
N
av
a
l
In
s
t
i
t
u
t
i
o
n
;
a
cc
u
s
t
o
me
d
t
o
w
o
rk
i
n
g
i
n
a
t
e
am
w
i
t
h
l
e
a
d
e
rs
h
i
p
an
d
i
n
s
t
i
t
u
t
i
o
n
al
c
o
mmi
t
men
t
,
i
n
v
i
t
ed
p
o
s
t
g
rad
u
at
e
l
ec
t
u
re
r
at
t
h
e
N
at
i
o
n
a
l
U
n
i
v
e
rs
i
t
y
o
f
F
e
d
e
r
i
c
o
V
i
l
l
arr
e
al
.
Sh
e
c
a
n
b
e
co
n
t
a
c
t
ed
at
em
a
i
l
:
Mari
n
a.
e
s
p
e
ra
n
za.
v
ar
g
as
.
v
e
g
a
@
g
m
a
i
l
.
c
o
m
a
n
d
d
i
rt
el
.
p
l
an
e
s
y
p
ro
ce
s
o
s
@
m
ar
i
n
a
.
p
e
.
Wa
l
ter
P
a
tri
ci
o
P
era
l
ta
Mas
t
e
r
i
n
Ps
y
c
h
o
l
o
g
y
,
Bac
h
el
o
r
i
n
Ps
y
ch
o
l
o
g
y
,
a
n
d
g
rad
u
at
e
o
f
t
h
e
D
o
c
t
o
rat
e
i
n
Ps
y
c
h
o
l
o
g
y
.
U
n
i
v
e
rs
i
t
y
Pr
o
fe
s
s
o
r
w
i
t
h
2
1
y
e
ars
o
f
e
x
p
e
r
i
e
n
ce
i
n
u
n
i
v
e
rs
i
t
i
e
s
s
u
ch
as
U
n
i
v
e
rs
i
d
ad
d
e
San
Mart
í
n
d
e
Po
rre
s
,
U
n
i
v
e
rs
i
d
ad
P
e
ru
a
n
a
L
o
s
A
n
d
e
s
,
U
n
i
v
e
rs
i
d
a
d
C
e
s
ar
V
a
l
l
e
j
o
,
U
n
i
v
e
rs
i
d
ad
N
a
c
i
o
n
a
l
F
e
d
e
r
i
c
o
V
i
l
l
arr
e
al
,
U
n
i
v
e
rs
i
d
a
d
Co
n
t
i
n
en
t
al
,
e
t
c
.
,
G
e
s
t
al
t
Ps
y
ch
o
t
h
e
rap
i
s
t
,
Co
g
n
i
t
i
v
e
B
e
h
a
v
i
o
ral
,
a
n
d
I
n
t
e
rn
at
i
o
n
al
Mas
t
e
r
i
n
N
eu
ro
l
i
n
g
u
i
s
t
i
c
Pr
o
g
ra
mm
i
n
g
b
y
t
h
e
N
eu
ro
l
i
n
g
u
i
s
t
i
c
Pro
g
ra
mmi
n
g
So
ci
e
t
y
o
f
t
h
e
U
SA
.
D
i
p
l
o
m
a
i
n
T
al
e
n
t
Ma
n
ag
emen
t
an
d
U
n
i
v
e
rs
i
t
y
T
e
a
ch
i
n
g
.
H
e
c
a
n
b
e
c
o
n
t
ac
t
e
d
at
em
a
i
l
:
w
h
p
at
ri
ci
o
@
y
a
h
o
o
.
co
m
.
M
a
rco
M
a
y
o
r
R
a
v
i
n
es
Fu
l
l
Pro
f
e
s
s
o
r
-
S
ch
o
o
l
o
f
In
t
e
r
n
at
i
o
n
al
Bu
s
i
n
e
s
s
A
d
mi
n
i
s
t
rat
i
o
n
an
d
Mas
t
e
r's
Pro
g
ra
m
(U
N
MSM)
,
A
s
s
o
ci
at
e
Pr
o
f
e
s
s
o
r
(E
SA
N
)
RE
N
A
CY
T
Re
s
e
ar
ch
e
r.
H
e
h
o
l
d
s
t
h
r
ee
m
as
t
e
r's
d
e
g
r
ee
s
r
e
l
at
e
d
t
o
b
u
s
i
n
e
s
s
m
a
n
ag
emen
t
an
d
d
ev
e
l
o
p
men
t
.
H
e
i
s
a
fu
l
l
-
t
i
me
p
ro
fe
s
s
o
r
at
t
h
e
U
n
i
v
e
rs
i
d
a
d
N
a
ci
o
n
al
Ma
y
o
r
d
e
Sa
n
Marco
s
,
w
h
e
r
e
h
e
t
e
ach
e
s
u
n
d
e
r
g
rad
u
at
e
an
d
g
rad
u
at
e
c
o
u
rs
e
s
.
H
e
al
s
o
t
e
a
c
h
e
s
at
t
h
e
E
SA
N
G
rad
u
at
e
S
c
h
o
o
l
.
H
i
s
w
o
rk
fo
cu
s
e
s
o
n
t
h
e
d
i
g
i
t
al
t
ran
s
fo
r
m
at
i
o
n
o
f
o
r
g
an
i
zat
i
o
n
s
,
w
i
t
h
a
s
p
eci
al
i
n
t
e
r
e
s
t
i
n
art
i
fi
ci
al
i
n
t
e
l
l
i
g
e
n
ce
,
e
-
co
mme
r
ce
,
an
d
d
i
g
i
t
al
s
t
rat
e
g
y
,
art
i
c
u
l
at
i
n
g
a
c
ad
emi
c
k
n
o
w
l
e
d
g
e
w
i
t
h
i
t
s
p
rac
t
i
c
a
l
ap
p
l
i
c
at
i
o
n
i
n
t
h
e
b
u
s
i
n
e
s
s
en
v
i
ro
n
men
t
.
H
e
c
a
n
b
e
co
n
t
a
c
t
ed
at
em
ai
l
:
mm
a
y
o
rr@
u
n
m
s
m
.
ed
u
.
p
e
.
J
u
a
n
M
a
y
o
r
Ga
m
ero
Ph
.
D
.
i
n
A
c
co
u
n
t
i
n
g
,
w
i
t
h
mo
r
e
t
h
a
n
2
5
y
e
ars
o
f
e
x
p
e
ri
en
ce
at
t
h
e
M
i
n
i
s
t
ry
o
f
E
c
o
n
o
my
an
d
Fi
n
an
ce
as
an
o
ffi
ci
al
o
f
t
h
e
G
en
e
ra
l
D
i
r
ec
t
o
rat
e
o
f
Pu
b
l
i
c
A
cc
o
u
n
t
i
n
g
(1
9
9
9
–
2
0
2
0
).
H
e
i
s
an
ap
p
o
i
n
t
e
d
p
ro
fe
s
s
o
r
at
t
h
e
U
n
i
v
e
rs
i
d
ad
N
a
c
i
o
n
a
l
May
o
r
d
e
Sa
n
Mar
co
s
(U
N
MSM),
w
i
t
h
o
v
e
r
2
0
y
e
ar
s
o
f
a
c
ad
emi
c
e
x
p
e
r
i
e
n
ce
at
b
o
t
h
t
h
e
u
n
d
e
r
g
rad
u
at
e
an
d
g
ra
d
u
at
e
l
e
v
el
s
.
A
s
p
eci
al
i
s
t
i
n
g
o
v
e
r
n
m
en
t
a
cc
o
u
n
t
i
n
g
,
p
u
b
l
i
c
m
an
a
g
eme
n
t
,
I
PS
A
S,
an
d
I
FRS,
h
e
h
as
l
e
d
r
e
f
o
r
m
s
s
u
c
h
as
t
h
e
i
m
p
l
emen
t
at
i
o
n
o
f
t
h
e
G
o
v
e
r
n
me
n
t
C
o
s
t
S
y
s
t
em
a
n
d
t
h
e
u
p
d
at
i
n
g
o
f
t
h
e
PC
G
E
(G
e
n
e
ra
l
A
cc
o
u
n
t
i
n
g
S
y
s
t
em
)
b
y
i
n
t
e
r
n
at
i
o
n
al
s
t
an
d
ard
s
.
H
e
h
as
p
u
b
l
i
s
h
ed
b
o
o
k
s
a
n
d
t
e
ch
n
i
c
al
art
i
c
l
e
s
i
n
j
o
u
r
n
al
s
s
u
ch
as
Cab
al
l
e
r
o
Bu
s
t
am
a
n
t
e
,
T
h
o
m
s
o
n
R
eu
t
e
rs
,
an
d
t
h
e
O
ffi
ci
al
G
aze
t
t
e
E
l
P
e
ru
a
n
o
.
H
e
c
a
n
b
e
c
o
n
t
ac
t
e
d
at
em
a
i
l
:
j
u
a
n
.
m
a
y
o
r@
u
n
m
s
m
.
e
d
u
.
p
e
.
C
es
a
r
P
a
cch
a
R
uf
a
s
to
Pro
f
e
s
s
o
r
at
t
h
e
Fa
cu
l
t
y
o
f
A
rch
i
t
ec
t
u
r
e
,
U
rb
an
Pl
a
n
n
i
n
g
an
d
A
rt
s
o
f
t
h
e
N
at
i
o
n
a
l
U
n
i
v
e
rs
i
t
y
o
f
E
n
g
i
n
ee
r
i
n
g
(
U
N
I
),
w
h
e
r
e
h
e
a
c
t
i
v
el
y
c
o
n
t
ri
b
u
t
e
s
t
o
t
h
e
t
rai
n
i
n
g
o
f
fu
t
u
r
e
p
ro
f
e
s
s
i
o
n
a
l
s
i
n
ar
e
as
rel
at
ed
t
o
s
u
s
t
ai
n
ab
l
e
u
rb
an
d
e
v
el
o
p
me
n
t
an
d
e
n
v
i
r
o
n
men
t
al
d
e
s
i
g
n
.
H
e
h
o
l
d
s
a
Mas
t
e
r
o
f
S
c
i
en
ce
d
eg
r
ee
w
i
t
h
a
s
p
ec
i
a
l
i
zat
i
o
n
i
n
E
n
v
i
ro
n
me
n
t
al
Man
a
g
eme
n
t
fro
m
t
h
e
s
ame
i
n
s
t
i
t
u
t
i
o
n
,
w
h
i
ch
a
l
l
o
w
s
h
i
m
t
o
i
n
t
e
g
rat
e
t
ec
h
n
i
c
a
l
an
d
s
t
rat
e
g
i
c
ap
p
ro
a
c
h
e
s
i
n
t
e
a
ch
i
n
g
an
d
p
ro
j
ec
t
s
rel
at
ed
t
o
en
v
i
ro
n
me
n
t
al
m
a
n
ag
emen
t
,
u
rb
an
p
l
an
n
i
n
g
,
a
n
d
s
u
s
t
ai
n
ab
i
l
i
t
y
.
H
i
s
a
c
ad
emi
c
a
n
d
p
ro
fe
s
s
i
o
n
al
e
x
p
e
r
i
e
n
ce
fo
cu
s
e
s
o
n
t
h
e
r
e
s
e
ar
c
h
an
d
ap
p
l
i
c
at
i
o
n
o
f
i
n
t
e
rd
i
s
ci
p
l
i
n
ar
y
s
o
l
u
t
i
o
n
s
t
h
at
art
i
c
u
l
at
e
u
rb
an
d
ev
e
l
o
p
me
n
t
w
i
t
h
t
h
e
p
re
s
e
rv
at
i
o
n
o
f
t
h
e
n
at
u
ra
l
en
v
i
ro
n
me
n
t
,
p
ro
m
o
t
i
n
g
r
e
s
p
o
n
s
i
b
l
e
p
rac
t
i
ce
s
i
n
t
h
e
f
i
e
l
d
s
o
f
arc
h
i
t
ec
t
u
r
e
an
d
u
rb
an
p
l
an
n
i
n
g
.
H
e
c
a
n
b
e
c
o
n
t
ac
t
e
d
at
em
ai
l
:
c
p
acch
ar@
g
m
a
i
l
.
c
o
m
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.