I
nte
rna
t
io
na
l J
o
urna
l o
f
Appl
ied P
o
wer
E
ng
i
neer
ing
(
I
J
AP
E
)
Vo
l.
15
,
No
.
2
,
J
u
n
e
20
26
,
p
p
.
915
~
9
2
6
I
SS
N:
2252
-
8
7
9
2
,
DOI
:
1
0
.
1
1
5
9
1
/ijap
e
.
v
1
5
.
i
2
.
pp
915
-
926
915
J
o
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na
l ho
m
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:
h
ttp
:
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p
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Dev
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sens
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r f
o
r in
terne
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o
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things
-
ba
sed pea
tland
fi
re mon
itoring
Abdu
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M
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Siti
Am
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Art
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ticle
his
to
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y:
R
ec
eiv
ed
Oct
1
4
,
2
0
2
4
R
ev
is
ed
Sep
2
0
,
2
0
2
5
Acc
ep
ted
Ma
r
1
2
,
2
0
2
6
M
o
n
i
to
ri
n
g
g
r
o
u
n
d
wa
ter
lev
e
ls
i
n
p
e
a
tl
a
n
d
s
is
c
ru
c
ial
f
o
r
m
it
i
g
a
t
in
g
f
o
re
st
a
n
d
lan
d
fires
,
wh
ic
h
fre
q
u
e
n
tl
y
o
c
c
u
r
in
tro
p
ica
l
re
g
io
n
s.
Cu
rre
n
t
p
e
a
tl
a
n
d
g
ro
u
n
d
wa
ter
lev
e
l
m
o
n
it
o
rin
g
sy
ste
m
s
g
e
n
e
ra
ll
y
h
a
v
e
li
m
it
a
ti
o
n
s
i
n
t
h
e
ir
se
n
sin
g
ra
n
g
e
.
Ad
d
it
i
o
n
a
ll
y
,
t
h
e
l
a
c
k
o
f
e
lec
tri
c
it
y
a
n
d
in
tern
e
t
in
f
r
a
stru
c
tu
re
a
ro
u
n
d
t
h
e
m
o
n
it
o
rin
g
sites
p
re
se
n
ts
a
n
o
t
h
e
r
c
h
a
ll
e
n
g
e
.
To
a
d
d
re
ss
th
e
se
issu
e
s,
in
t
h
is
stu
d
y
,
we
d
e
v
e
l
o
p
e
d
a
g
ro
u
n
d
wa
ter
lev
e
l
se
n
so
r
b
a
se
d
o
n
a
flo
a
t
i
n
teg
ra
ted
wit
h
a
n
o
p
to
c
o
u
p
ler
a
s
a
r
o
tary
e
n
c
o
d
e
r
t
o
m
o
n
i
to
r
c
h
a
n
g
e
s
in
wa
ter
lev
e
ls
in
re
a
l
-
ti
m
e
.
Th
e
sy
ste
m
is
c
o
n
n
e
c
ted
to
a
n
i
n
ter
n
e
t
o
f
th
in
g
s
(Io
T)
p
latfo
rm
t
h
ro
u
g
h
a
Lo
Ra
c
o
m
m
u
n
ica
ti
o
n
m
o
d
u
le,
p
o
we
re
d
b
y
so
la
r
p
a
n
e
ls,
e
n
a
b
li
n
g
c
o
n
ti
n
u
o
u
s
wire
les
s
d
a
ta
tran
sm
issio
n
o
v
e
r
a
larg
e
ra
n
g
e
.
To
o
v
e
rc
o
m
e
th
e
se
n
sin
g
ra
n
g
e
li
m
it
a
ti
o
n
,
we
d
e
v
e
l
o
p
e
d
a
r
o
tar
y
e
n
c
o
d
e
r
with
a
p
u
ll
e
y
d
riv
e
n
b
y
a
l
o
n
g
ro
p
e
.
Tes
ti
n
g
wa
s
c
o
n
d
u
c
ted
u
si
n
g
tr
a
n
sp
a
re
n
t
p
ip
e
s
with
v
a
ry
i
n
g
wa
ter
lev
e
l
s
to
e
v
a
lu
a
te
t
h
e
se
n
so
r'
s
p
e
rfo
rm
a
n
c
e
.
Ex
p
e
rime
n
tal
re
su
lt
s
sh
o
we
d
t
h
a
t
th
e
se
n
so
r
c
o
u
ld
m
e
a
su
re
wa
ter
le
v
e
ls
wit
h
a
re
so
lu
ti
o
n
o
f
±3
.
3
3
m
m
.
T
h
is
r
e
se
a
rc
h
p
ro
v
i
d
e
s
a
tec
h
n
i
q
u
e
f
o
r
m
e
a
su
rin
g
g
ro
u
n
d
wa
ter
lev
e
ls
with
a
n
e
x
te
n
d
e
d
m
e
a
su
re
m
e
n
t
ra
n
g
e
.
A
d
d
i
ti
o
n
a
ll
y
,
it
p
ro
d
u
c
e
s
a
p
e
a
tl
a
n
d
fire
ris
k
m
o
n
it
o
rin
g
sy
ste
m
b
a
se
d
o
n
g
ro
u
n
d
wa
ter
lev
e
l
p
a
ra
m
e
ters
.
It
is
e
x
p
e
c
ted
c
a
n
su
p
p
o
rt
p
e
a
tl
a
n
d
fire
m
it
ig
a
ti
o
n
e
ff
o
rts
m
o
re
e
fficie
n
tl
y
a
n
d
e
ffe
c
ti
v
e
ly
.
K
ey
w
o
r
d
s
:
Gr
o
u
n
d
wate
r
s
en
s
o
r
I
n
ter
n
et
o
f
th
in
g
s
L
ar
g
e
s
en
s
in
g
r
a
n
g
e
Mo
n
ito
r
in
g
s
y
s
tem
Peatlan
d
f
ir
e
T
h
is i
s
a
n
o
p
e
n
a
c
c
e
ss
a
rticle
u
n
d
e
r th
e
CC B
Y
-
SA
li
c
e
n
se
.
C
o
r
r
e
s
p
o
nd
ing
A
uth
o
r
:
Mitr
a
Djam
al
Dep
ar
tm
en
t o
f
Ph
y
s
ics,
Facu
lty
o
f
Ma
th
e
m
atics a
n
d
Natu
r
al
Scien
ce
s
,
I
n
s
titu
t T
ek
n
o
lo
g
i B
an
d
u
n
g
B
an
d
u
n
g
4
0
1
3
2
,
J
awa
B
ar
at,
I
n
d
o
n
esia
E
m
ail: m
itra
@
itb
.
ac
.
id
1.
I
NT
RO
D
UCT
I
O
N
T
h
e
s
u
s
ce
p
tib
ilit
y
o
f
p
ea
tlan
d
s
to
f
ir
es
in
c
r
ea
s
es
as
g
r
o
u
n
d
wate
r
lev
els
d
r
o
p
[
1
]
.
W
h
en
th
e
g
r
o
u
n
d
wate
r
lev
el
f
alls
to
4
0
cm
,
th
e
lan
d
b
ec
o
m
es
d
r
y
a
n
d
d
eg
r
ad
ed
[
2
]
,
[
3
]
.
T
h
e
r
is
k
o
f
lan
d
f
ir
es
is
s
ig
n
if
ican
tly
co
r
r
elate
d
with
s
o
il
m
o
is
tu
r
e
[
4
]
,
[
5
]
.
Acc
u
r
ate
f
o
r
ec
asti
n
g
o
f
g
r
o
u
n
d
wate
r
lev
el
(
GW
L
)
is
ess
en
tial
f
o
r
ef
f
ec
tiv
e
m
an
ag
e
m
en
t
o
f
th
is
v
ital
r
eso
u
r
ce
,
b
u
t
it
r
em
ain
s
a
co
m
p
lex
an
d
ch
allen
g
in
g
task
[
6
]
.
An
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
f
o
r
class
if
y
in
g
g
r
o
u
n
d
i
n
f
o
r
m
atio
n
in
wild
f
i
r
e
-
a
f
f
ec
ted
ar
ea
s
u
s
in
g
a
n
im
p
r
o
v
e
d
UNe
t m
o
d
el
h
as
b
ee
n
u
n
d
er
tak
en
[
7
]
.
T
o
p
r
e
v
en
t
p
ea
tlan
d
f
ir
es,
it
is
ess
en
tial
to
d
ev
elo
p
a
g
r
o
u
n
d
w
ater
lev
el
s
en
s
o
r
to
m
o
n
ito
r
th
e
GW
L
o
f
p
ea
tlan
d
s
[
8
]
.
A
lar
g
e
s
en
s
in
g
r
an
g
e
,
r
ea
l
-
tim
e
m
ea
s
u
r
em
en
t,
co
n
t
in
u
o
u
s
,
an
d
e
n
er
g
y
h
ar
v
esti
n
g
ca
p
ab
ilit
ies
ar
e
r
eq
u
ir
ed
to
m
ee
t
th
e
s
p
ec
if
icatio
n
s
f
o
r
a
p
ea
tlan
d
g
r
o
u
n
d
wate
r
lev
el
s
en
s
o
r
[
9
]
.
T
o
ac
h
iev
e
th
is
,
we
co
n
d
u
cted
a
co
m
p
ar
ativ
e
a
n
aly
s
is
o
f
ex
is
tin
g
m
eth
o
d
s
f
o
r
g
r
o
u
n
d
wate
r
l
ev
el
m
ea
s
u
r
em
en
t.
T
h
e
m
ain
n
o
v
elty
o
f
o
u
r
r
esear
ch
lies
in
th
e
d
e
v
elo
p
m
en
t
o
f
a
lo
w
-
co
s
t,
f
lo
at
-
b
ased
g
r
o
u
n
d
wate
r
lev
el
s
en
s
o
r
in
teg
r
ated
with
a
n
o
p
to
co
u
p
le
r
-
b
ased
r
o
tar
y
e
n
co
d
e
r
,
wh
ic
h
en
ab
les
ac
cu
r
ate
a
n
d
c
o
n
tin
u
o
u
s
m
ea
s
u
r
em
en
t
o
f
g
r
o
u
n
d
wate
r
lev
els
o
v
er
a
lar
g
e
s
en
s
in
g
r
an
g
e.
Un
lik
e
co
n
v
en
tio
n
al
wate
r
lev
el
s
en
s
o
r
s
s
u
ch
as
p
r
ess
u
r
e
tr
an
s
d
u
ce
r
s
,
u
ltra
s
o
n
ic
,
o
r
ca
p
ac
itiv
e
s
en
s
o
r
s
—
wh
ich
o
f
ten
f
ac
e
lim
itatio
n
s
in
p
ea
tlan
d
e
n
v
ir
o
n
m
en
ts
d
u
e
to
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
2
5
2
-
8
7
9
2
I
n
t J Ap
p
l Po
wer
E
n
g
,
Vo
l.
15
,
No
.
2
,
J
u
n
e
20
26
:
915
-
926
916
s
o
f
t
s
o
il,
u
n
s
tab
le
p
latf
o
r
m
s
,
o
r
wate
r
c
o
n
tam
in
atio
n
—
o
u
r
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
d
esig
n
is
m
ec
h
a
n
ically
r
o
b
u
s
t
an
d
en
v
ir
o
n
m
en
tally
ad
a
p
tab
le.
Gr
o
u
n
d
wate
r
lev
el
m
ea
s
u
r
em
en
t
tech
n
iq
u
es
ca
n
b
e
d
iv
id
e
d
in
to
two
m
ain
ca
teg
o
r
ies:
d
ir
ec
t
co
n
tact
an
d
n
o
n
-
d
ir
ec
t
c
o
n
tact
[
1
0
]
,
[
1
1
]
.
N
o
n
-
c
o
n
tact
tech
n
iq
u
es
ar
e
b
ec
o
m
in
g
a
n
alter
n
at
iv
e
to
m
o
n
ito
r
in
g
g
r
o
u
n
d
wate
r
lev
els
in
h
az
ar
d
o
u
s
p
lace
s
.
Ho
wev
er
,
n
o
n
-
co
n
tact
tech
n
iq
u
es
ar
e
lim
ited
o
n
ac
cu
r
ate
a
n
d
m
o
r
e
ex
p
en
s
iv
e
[
1
2
]
.
R
ad
ar
,
u
ltra
s
o
n
ic,
im
ag
e/v
id
eo
,
an
d
in
f
r
a
r
ed
s
en
s
o
r
s
ca
n
b
e
s
elec
ted
f
o
r
n
o
n
-
c
o
n
tact
ty
p
e.
W
h
ile
th
e
co
n
tact
m
ea
s
u
r
em
e
n
t
s
y
s
tem
s
o
f
ten
p
r
o
v
id
e
s
im
p
ler
an
d
m
o
r
e
c
o
s
t
-
ef
f
ec
tiv
e
m
ea
s
u
r
em
en
t.
Flo
at,
ca
p
ac
itan
ce
,
p
r
ess
u
r
e
an
d
f
ib
e
r
o
p
tic
ca
n
b
e
s
elec
ted
f
o
r
c
o
n
tact
ty
p
e
m
ea
s
u
r
em
en
t
[
1
3
]
.
Ma
r
ick
et
a
l
.
[
1
4
]
p
r
o
p
o
s
e
a
tech
n
iq
u
e
f
o
r
m
e
asu
r
in
g
g
r
o
u
n
d
wate
r
lev
el
u
s
in
g
a
f
lo
at
s
en
s
o
r
with
a
m
o
d
if
ied
d
if
f
er
e
n
tial
in
d
u
ctan
ce
elec
tr
o
m
ec
h
an
ical
tr
an
s
d
u
ce
r
,
d
em
o
n
s
tr
atin
g
lin
e
ar
ch
ar
ac
ter
is
tics
.
Ho
wev
er
,
th
e
d
esig
n
'
s
r
an
g
e
is
lim
ited
to
2
5
cm
.
T
o
m
ea
s
u
r
e
ch
a
n
g
in
g
g
r
o
u
n
d
wate
r
le
v
els
in
an
u
n
s
tab
le
f
lo
w,
Ma
jd
alan
i
et
a
l
.
[
1
5
]
s
u
g
g
ested
u
s
in
g
a
f
lo
at
with
a
n
in
f
r
ar
e
d
s
en
s
o
r
.
T
h
is
m
eth
o
d
ca
n
ac
cu
r
ately
m
ea
s
u
r
e
g
r
o
u
n
d
wate
r
lev
els
f
r
o
m
0
to
3
cm
with
1
m
m
p
r
ec
is
io
n
,
b
u
t
th
e
d
ev
ice
is
s
till
lab
o
r
ato
r
y
-
s
ca
le
[
1
5
]
.
Z
h
en
g
et
a
l
.
[
1
6
]
s
h
o
ws
th
at
g
r
o
u
n
d
wate
r
le
v
els
ca
n
b
e
m
ea
s
u
r
ed
u
s
in
g
th
e
g
au
g
e
c
o
m
b
in
es
an
elec
tr
ic
DC
m
o
to
r
.
Ho
wev
er
,
th
e
d
e
v
ice
ca
n
n
o
t
m
ea
s
u
r
e
g
r
o
u
n
d
wate
r
lev
els
co
n
tin
u
o
u
s
ly
[
1
6
]
.
T
h
er
ef
o
r
e
,
we
u
s
ed
a
f
lo
at
i
n
teg
r
ated
with
a
n
o
p
to
co
u
p
ler
.
T
h
is
is
a
n
ew
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
to
m
ea
s
u
r
in
g
g
r
o
u
n
d
wate
r
lev
els,
as
cu
r
r
en
t
m
eth
o
d
s
ar
e
c
o
n
s
tr
ain
ed
b
y
th
e
s
en
s
in
g
r
an
g
e
t
h
at
ca
n
b
e
m
ea
s
u
r
ed
.
On
th
e
o
th
er
h
an
d
,
th
e
p
r
ess
u
r
e
m
eth
o
d
m
ea
s
u
r
e
s
u
p
to
0
.
4
m
[
1
7
]
,
an
d
th
e
ca
p
ac
itiv
e
m
eth
o
d
m
e
asu
r
es u
p
to
0
.
3
m
[
1
8
]
.
I
n
r
ec
e
n
t
y
ea
r
s
,
in
te
r
n
et
o
f
th
in
g
s
(
I
o
T
)
tec
h
n
o
l
o
g
y
ad
v
a
n
c
em
en
ts
h
av
e
led
to
m
o
r
e
ef
f
i
cien
t
an
d
in
n
o
v
ativ
e
g
r
o
u
n
d
wate
r
-
lev
el
m
o
n
ito
r
in
g
s
o
lu
tio
n
s
[
1
9
]
-
[
2
1
]
.
B
h
ar
d
waj
et
a
l
.
[
2
2
]
in
tr
o
d
u
ce
s
a
r
ea
l
-
tim
e
f
r
am
ewo
r
k
b
ased
o
n
th
e
I
o
T
f
o
r
m
o
n
ito
r
in
g
g
r
o
u
n
d
wate
r
an
d
is
s
u
in
g
aler
ts
to
p
r
o
m
p
t a
ctio
n
s
,
co
n
s
titu
tin
g
th
e
in
itial
p
h
ase
o
f
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
e
d
p
r
o
ject.
I
n
th
is
r
esear
c
h
,
we
ch
o
s
e
a
co
n
tact
tec
h
n
iq
u
e
b
ec
a
u
s
e
co
n
tact
m
ea
s
u
r
em
en
t
s
y
s
tem
s
ar
e
m
u
ch
less
s
u
s
ce
p
tib
le
to
en
v
ir
o
n
m
en
tal
d
is
tu
r
b
an
ce
s
co
m
p
ar
ed
to
n
o
n
-
c
o
n
tact
m
ea
s
u
r
em
en
ts
.
A
f
ew
r
esear
ch
er
s
f
o
cu
s
ed
n
o
n
-
co
n
tac
t
te
ch
n
iq
u
es
an
d
n
o
t
I
o
T
-
b
ased
.
T
h
er
e
h
av
e
b
ee
n
lim
ited
s
tu
d
ies
co
n
ce
r
n
ed
o
n
s
en
s
in
g
r
an
g
e,
r
ea
l
-
tim
e
an
d
c
o
n
tin
u
o
u
s
m
ea
s
u
r
em
en
t.
T
h
e
r
ef
o
r
e,
th
is
r
esear
ch
in
ten
d
s
to
u
s
e
a
f
lo
at
in
teg
r
at
ed
with
an
o
p
to
c
o
u
p
ler
as
a
n
ew
m
eth
o
d
to
m
ea
s
u
r
in
g
g
r
o
u
n
d
wate
r
lev
els
in
p
ea
tlan
d
s
.
T
h
e
o
b
jectiv
es
o
f
t
h
is
r
esear
ch
ar
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
d
ev
elo
p
m
en
t
o
f
g
r
o
u
n
d
wate
r
lev
e
l
s
en
s
o
r
f
o
r
in
ter
n
e
t
o
f
th
in
g
s
-
b
ased
p
ea
tlan
d
f
ir
e
m
o
n
ito
r
in
g
.
T
h
is
m
eth
o
d
h
as
t
h
e
p
o
ten
tial
to
b
e
a
lar
g
e
-
r
an
g
e
g
r
o
u
n
d
wate
r
lev
el
m
ea
s
u
r
em
en
t
tech
n
i
q
u
e.
I
n
ad
d
itio
n
,
th
e
s
y
s
tem
is
eq
u
ip
p
ed
with
a
s
o
lar
p
an
el,
a
lo
w
-
p
o
wer
an
d
lo
n
g
-
r
a
n
g
e
d
ata
p
r
o
ce
s
s
in
g
an
d
tr
an
s
m
is
s
io
n
d
ev
ice,
a
n
d
a
d
ata
p
r
o
ce
s
s
in
g
alg
o
r
ith
m
to
class
if
y
th
e
le
v
el
o
f
p
ea
tlan
d
f
ir
e
v
u
ln
er
ab
ilit
y
.
I
t
is
h
y
p
o
t
h
esized
th
at
th
is
s
y
s
tem
ca
n
co
n
tin
u
o
u
s
ly
m
o
n
ito
r
p
ea
tlan
d
g
r
o
u
n
d
wate
r
lev
els
in
r
ea
l
-
tim
e
an
d
p
r
o
v
i
d
e
war
n
in
g
s
o
f
p
ea
tlan
d
f
ir
e
h
az
ar
d
s
.
2.
M
E
T
H
O
D
2
.
1
.
M
a
t
er
ia
ls
T
h
e
m
ater
ials
f
o
r
b
u
ild
in
g
th
e
g
r
o
u
n
d
wate
r
lev
el
s
en
s
o
r
ar
e
av
ailab
le
in
T
ab
le
1
.
A
n
ew
elec
tr
o
n
ic
b
o
ar
d
was
d
esig
n
ed
f
o
r
th
e
tr
an
s
m
itter
an
d
r
ec
eiv
er
d
ev
ice.
I
t
in
teg
r
ates
th
e
g
r
o
u
n
d
wate
r
lev
el
s
en
s
in
g
p
ar
t,
m
icr
o
co
n
tr
o
ller
,
L
o
R
a
,
an
d
W
i
-
Fi
co
m
m
u
n
icatio
n
o
n
a
s
in
g
le
b
o
ar
d
to
o
p
tim
ize
s
ize.
I
t
co
n
s
is
ts
o
f
f
o
u
r
b
lo
ck
s
,
n
am
ely
:
i)
Sen
s
in
g
u
n
it:
c
o
m
p
r
is
es
m
ec
h
an
ical
an
d
elec
tr
o
n
ic
co
m
p
o
n
en
ts
,
in
clu
d
in
g
a
f
lo
at,
o
p
to
co
u
p
ler
,
a
n
d
m
icr
o
co
n
tr
o
ller
,
wh
ich
f
u
n
ctio
n
co
llectiv
ely
to
d
etec
t v
ar
iati
o
n
s
in
wate
r
lev
el.
ii)
Pro
ce
s
s
in
g
u
n
it:
i
n
co
r
p
o
r
ates
a
p
r
o
g
r
am
m
ab
le
m
icr
o
co
n
t
r
o
ller
em
b
ed
d
ed
with
d
ed
icat
ed
f
ir
m
war
e
to
f
ac
ilit
ate
s
en
s
in
g
o
p
er
atio
n
s
a
n
d
d
ata
tr
a
n
s
m
is
s
io
n
v
ia
th
e
L
o
R
a
co
m
m
u
n
icatio
n
p
r
o
to
co
l.
iii)
C
o
m
m
u
n
icatio
n
u
n
it:
r
esp
o
n
s
ib
le
f
o
r
m
an
a
g
in
g
d
ata
tr
a
n
s
m
is
s
io
n
b
etwe
en
th
e
s
en
s
o
r
n
o
d
e
an
d
th
e
L
o
R
a
g
atew
ay
,
u
tili
zin
g
th
e
s
tan
d
ar
d
ized
L
o
R
a
p
r
o
to
c
o
l to
en
s
u
r
e
r
eliab
le
lo
n
g
-
r
a
n
g
e
c
o
m
m
u
n
icatio
n
.
iv
)
Po
wer
u
n
it:
u
tili
ze
s
a
r
ec
h
a
r
g
e
ab
le
b
atter
y
with
a
ca
p
ac
ity
o
f
3
5
0
0
m
Ah
an
d
a
n
o
p
er
atin
g
v
o
ltag
e
r
an
g
e
o
f
2
.
8
5
V
t
o
4
.
2
V
to
s
u
p
p
ly
p
o
w
er
to
th
e
en
tire
s
y
s
tem
.
2
.
2
.
Ro
t
a
ry
enco
der
des
ig
n ba
s
ed
o
n f
lo
a
t
a
nd
o
pto
co
up
l
er
T
h
e
s
y
s
tem
co
n
s
is
ts
o
f
a
m
ec
h
an
ical
f
lo
at,
a
p
u
lley
m
e
ch
an
is
m
,
a
r
o
tar
y
en
co
d
er
d
i
s
k
,
an
d
an
o
p
to
co
u
p
ler
s
en
s
o
r
.
T
h
e
f
lo
at,
m
ad
e
f
r
o
m
a
s
ea
led
p
last
ic
b
o
ttle
(
1
0
0
m
m
i
n
len
g
th
an
d
5
0
m
m
in
d
iam
eter
)
,
is
ch
o
s
en
f
o
r
its
b
u
o
y
a
n
cy
a
n
d
lig
h
tweig
h
t
p
r
o
p
er
ties
,
allo
win
g
it
to
r
is
e
an
d
f
all
in
r
e
s
p
o
n
s
e
to
ch
an
g
in
g
wate
r
lev
els.
I
n
th
is
s
tu
d
y
,
a
g
r
o
u
n
d
wate
r
lev
el
s
en
s
o
r
was
d
esig
n
ed
u
s
in
g
a
f
lo
at
m
ec
h
an
i
s
m
in
teg
r
ated
with
an
o
p
to
co
u
p
ler
to
cr
ea
te
a
r
o
tar
y
en
co
d
e
r
.
T
h
e
s
y
s
tem
o
p
e
r
ates
b
y
d
etec
tin
g
th
e
v
er
tical
m
o
v
em
en
t
o
f
th
e
f
lo
at,
wh
ich
co
r
r
esp
o
n
d
s
to
c
h
an
g
es
in
g
r
o
u
n
d
wate
r
lev
el.
T
h
e
f
lo
at
is
attac
h
ed
to
a
n
y
lo
n
t
h
r
ea
d
th
at
is
wo
u
n
d
o
v
e
r
a
p
u
lley
,
wh
ich
is
m
ec
h
an
ically
co
n
n
ec
ted
to
a
r
o
tatin
g
d
is
k
m
o
u
n
ted
o
n
th
e
s
h
af
t
o
f
th
e
en
co
d
er
s
y
s
tem
.
As
th
e
wate
r
lev
el
c
h
an
g
es,
th
e
f
lo
at
m
o
v
es
v
er
tica
lly
,
ca
u
s
in
g
r
o
tatio
n
al
m
o
v
em
en
t
o
f
th
e
d
is
k
.
As
th
e
f
lo
at
m
o
v
es,
th
e
r
o
tar
y
en
co
d
e
r
co
n
v
er
ts
th
e
m
o
ti
o
n
in
to
d
ig
ital
s
ig
n
als,
allo
win
g
f
o
r
ac
cu
r
ate
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
t J Ap
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wer
E
n
g
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2252
-
8
7
9
2
Dev
elo
p
men
t o
f g
r
o
u
n
d
w
a
ter lev
el
s
en
s
o
r
fo
r
in
tern
et
o
f th
in
g
s
-
b
a
s
ed
p
e
a
tla
n
d
…
(
A
b
d
u
l
Mu
id
)
917
m
ea
s
u
r
em
en
t
o
f
wate
r
lev
el
f
lu
ctu
atio
n
s
.
Fig
u
r
e
1
s
h
o
ws
th
e
b
lo
ck
d
iag
r
am
o
f
t
h
e
g
r
o
u
n
d
wate
r
lev
el
s
en
s
o
r
.
T
h
e
g
r
o
u
n
d
wate
r
lev
el
s
en
s
o
r
co
n
s
is
ts
o
f
two
m
ain
p
ar
ts
:
th
e
m
ec
h
a
n
ical
an
d
elec
tr
o
n
ic
c
o
m
p
o
n
en
ts
,
s
u
ch
as
f
lo
ats,
p
u
lley
,
d
is
c,
o
p
to
co
u
p
le
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u
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h
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th
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T
h
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co
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in
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s
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lev
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ag
es
th
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o
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a
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l
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to
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atin
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af
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T
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e
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p
le
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is
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itio
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etec
t
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e
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h
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itio
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y
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tatio
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ac
h
ch
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g
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h
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lo
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itted
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e
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m
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y
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ac
h
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t
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r
r
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s
to
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ic
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en
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wh
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th
en
co
n
v
er
te
d
in
to
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d
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p
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ls
es
ar
e
co
u
n
te
d
b
y
a
m
icr
o
co
n
t
r
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ller
(
STM
3
2
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0
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to
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eter
m
in
e
th
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o
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o
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d
,
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e
n
ce
,
th
e
c
h
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g
e
in
wate
r
lev
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T
h
e
m
ec
h
an
ical
d
esig
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d
etails
ar
e
illu
s
tr
ated
s
ch
em
atica
lly
in
F
ig
u
r
e
2
.
T
h
e
f
lo
at
an
d
weig
h
t
ar
e
co
n
n
ec
ted
b
y
th
e
r
o
p
e.
T
h
e
le
n
g
th
o
f
th
e
r
o
p
e
is
ad
ju
s
ted
to
f
it
th
e
s
en
s
in
g
r
an
g
e.
T
h
e
d
im
en
s
io
n
s
o
f
th
e
f
lo
at,
weig
h
t,
p
u
lley
,
d
is
c,
an
d
r
o
ta
r
y
ax
is
ar
e
ad
ju
s
ted
to
m
atch
th
e
f
ield
co
n
d
itio
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s
.
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h
e
p
u
lley
s
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d
d
is
cs
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e
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h
ed
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e
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o
r
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er
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ilit
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eir
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im
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ltan
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s
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.
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h
e
h
o
llo
w
d
is
c
is
p
o
s
itio
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ed
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th
e
g
ap
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etwe
en
t
h
e
o
p
to
co
u
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ler
s
.
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h
e
f
lo
at
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in
co
n
tact
with
g
r
o
u
n
d
wate
r
.
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h
e
w
eig
h
t
p
u
lls
th
e
r
o
p
e,
an
d
th
e
d
is
k
r
o
tates in
r
esp
o
n
s
e
to
ch
an
g
es in
th
e
g
r
o
u
n
d
wat
er
lev
el.
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n
th
is
r
esear
ch
,
two
o
p
to
c
o
u
p
ler
s
ar
e
em
p
lo
y
ed
,
r
esu
ltin
g
in
two
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u
tp
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ts
,
"A"
a
n
d
"B."
T
h
e
d
is
tan
ce
b
etwe
en
th
e
o
p
to
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u
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ler
s
is
d
eter
m
in
ed
to
en
s
u
r
e
th
at
o
u
t
p
u
t
"A"
is
9
0
°
o
u
t
o
f
p
h
ase
with
o
u
tp
u
t
"B."
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o
d
eter
m
in
e
th
e
d
ir
e
ctio
n
o
f
r
o
t
atio
n
,
it
is
n
ec
ess
ar
y
to
ex
am
in
e
wh
ich
o
u
t
p
u
t
lead
s
th
e
o
th
er
.
I
f
th
e
p
u
ls
e
f
r
o
m
o
u
tp
u
t
A
is
-
90
°
o
u
t
o
f
p
h
ase
with
B
(
i.e
.
o
u
tp
u
t
B
lead
s
A)
,
th
e
s
en
s
o
r
will
r
o
tate
clo
ck
wis
e.
C
o
n
v
er
s
ely
,
if
o
u
tp
u
t
A
is
+9
0
°
o
u
t
o
f
p
h
as
e
with
B
(
i.e
.
o
u
tp
u
t
A
lead
s
B
)
,
th
e
s
en
s
o
r
will
r
o
tate
co
u
n
ter
-
clo
ck
wis
e.
T
h
e
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
r
o
tatio
n
s
is
d
eter
m
in
ed
b
y
ca
lcu
latin
g
th
e
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
p
u
ls
es,
wh
ich
is
th
en
co
n
v
er
ted
in
to
g
r
o
u
n
d
wate
r
lev
el.
T
o
im
p
r
o
v
e
m
ea
s
u
r
em
en
t a
cc
u
r
ac
y
,
we
c
alib
r
ated
th
e
s
y
s
tem
b
y
co
r
r
el
atin
g
th
e
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
en
co
d
er
p
u
ls
es
to
v
er
tical
d
is
p
lace
m
en
t
u
s
in
g
a
k
n
o
w
n
co
n
v
er
s
io
n
f
ac
t
o
r
d
er
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d
f
r
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th
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cu
m
f
er
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d
t
h
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n
u
m
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e
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s
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.
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h
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e
n
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les
th
e
s
y
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tem
to
tr
an
s
late
r
o
tatio
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ata
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p
r
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r
wate
r
lev
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ea
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M
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Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
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20
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Fig
u
r
e
2
.
Desig
n
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f
th
e
g
r
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u
n
d
wate
r
lev
el
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en
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3
.
Desig
n o
f
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ro
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dwa
t
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ea
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ent
A
p
last
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ttle
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m
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h
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ar
tially
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illed
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r
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n
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r
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r
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id
e
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o
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th
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r
o
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e
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o
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p
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lley
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ile
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e
o
th
er
is
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n
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ted
to
a
weig
h
t.
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h
e
weig
h
t
en
s
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r
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th
at
th
e
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tr
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g
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s
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t
at
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h
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o
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h
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t
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e
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r
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n
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ater
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r
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y
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illi
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at
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an
d
d
is
k
to
r
o
tate
in
th
e
o
p
p
o
s
ite
d
ir
ec
tio
n
.
Fig
u
r
e
3
illu
s
tr
ates
th
e
d
esig
n
o
f
th
e
elec
tr
o
n
ic
an
d
m
ec
h
an
ical
cir
cu
it
f
o
r
th
e
g
r
o
u
n
d
wate
r
lev
el
s
en
s
o
r
.
T
h
e
s
en
s
o
r
cir
cu
it
is
m
o
u
n
ted
o
n
a
p
ip
e
with
a
d
ia
m
eter
o
f
3
in
ch
es
an
d
a
len
g
t
h
o
f
4
m
eter
s
.
T
h
e
m
id
d
le
an
d
b
o
tto
m
p
ar
ts
o
f
th
e
p
ip
e
ar
e
p
er
f
o
r
ated
to
allo
w
g
r
o
u
n
d
wate
r
to
e
n
ter
,
wh
ile
th
e
to
p
en
d
is
s
ea
led
to
p
r
o
tect
th
e
m
ec
h
an
ical
an
d
elec
tr
o
n
ic
co
m
p
o
n
en
ts
.
T
h
e
o
p
to
c
o
u
p
ler
is
co
n
n
ec
ted
t
o
a
m
icr
o
co
n
tr
o
ller
,
wh
ich
is
th
en
co
n
n
ec
te
d
to
an
L
C
D
f
o
r
d
is
p
lay
in
g
m
ea
s
u
r
em
en
t
r
esu
lts
.
I
n
th
is
r
esear
ch
,
s
en
s
o
r
d
ata
tr
an
s
m
is
s
io
n
o
v
er
l
o
n
g
d
is
tan
ce
s
is
ac
h
iev
ed
u
s
in
g
L
o
R
a
(
lo
n
g
r
a
n
g
e
)
m
o
d
u
les.
T
h
e
r
ea
s
o
n
f
o
r
em
p
lo
y
in
g
L
o
R
a
m
o
d
u
les is
th
eir
lo
w
-
p
o
wer
co
n
s
u
m
p
tio
n
,
lo
n
g
r
a
n
g
e
,
an
d
lo
w
co
s
t
[
2
3
]
,
[
2
4
]
.
T
h
e
ex
p
e
r
im
en
tal
p
r
o
ce
d
u
r
es,
esp
ec
ially
th
e
s
im
u
latio
n
o
f
wate
r
lev
el
f
lu
ctu
atio
n
s
,
ca
lib
r
atio
n
p
r
o
ce
s
s
es,
an
d
h
o
w
t
h
e
s
en
s
in
g
r
an
g
e
was a
s
f
o
llo
ws:
i)
Simu
latio
n
o
f
wate
r
lev
el
f
lu
ct
u
atio
n
s
T
o
s
im
u
late
r
ea
l
wate
r
lev
el
v
ar
iatio
n
s
u
n
d
er
co
n
tr
o
lled
c
o
n
d
itio
n
s
,
we
u
s
ed
a
v
er
tical
t
r
an
s
p
ar
en
t
tu
b
e
wate
r
co
lu
m
n
with
a
h
eig
h
t
o
f
3
.
5
m
ete
r
s
.
T
h
e
f
l
o
at
s
en
s
o
r
s
y
s
tem
was
in
s
talled
with
i
n
th
is
co
lu
m
n
,
an
d
wate
r
lev
els
wer
e
ad
ju
s
ted
i
n
cr
em
en
tally
(
e.
g
.
,
1
0
cm
p
er
s
tep
)
b
y
ad
d
in
g
o
r
r
em
o
v
in
g
wate
r
u
s
in
g
a
g
r
ad
u
ated
co
n
tain
e
r
.
T
h
e
f
lo
a
t's
v
er
tical
m
o
v
em
en
t
g
en
er
at
ed
co
r
r
esp
o
n
d
in
g
r
o
tatio
n
al
m
o
tio
n
,
wh
ic
h
was
r
ec
o
r
d
e
d
b
y
th
e
o
p
to
co
u
p
ler
-
b
ased
r
o
tar
y
e
n
co
d
e
r
.
ii)
C
alib
r
atio
n
p
r
o
ce
s
s
C
alib
r
atio
n
was
p
er
f
o
r
m
e
d
b
y
m
ea
s
u
r
in
g
th
e
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
en
co
d
er
p
u
ls
es
g
en
er
ated
f
o
r
ea
ch
k
n
o
wn
wate
r
lev
el
in
cr
em
en
t.
W
e
estab
lis
h
ed
a
lin
ea
r
r
elatio
n
s
h
ip
b
etwe
en
p
u
ls
e
co
u
n
t
an
d
wat
er
lev
el
h
eig
h
t.
Fo
r
ex
am
p
le,
if
t
h
e
en
co
d
er
d
is
k
h
ad
2
0
s
lo
ts
an
d
o
n
e
f
u
ll
r
o
tatio
n
co
r
r
esp
o
n
d
e
d
to
4
0
p
u
ls
es
,
ea
ch
p
u
ls
e
r
ep
r
esen
ted
a
p
p
r
o
x
im
ately
3
m
m
.
T
h
is
ca
lib
r
atio
n
f
ac
t
o
r
was
s
to
r
ed
in
th
e
m
icr
o
co
n
tr
o
ller
f
o
r
r
ea
l
-
tim
e
co
n
v
er
s
io
n
o
f
p
u
ls
es to
wate
r
lev
el
m
ea
s
u
r
em
en
ts
.
iii)
E
v
alu
atio
n
o
f
s
en
s
in
g
r
a
n
g
e
T
o
d
eter
m
i
n
e
th
e
m
ax
im
u
m
s
en
s
in
g
r
an
g
e,
we
test
ed
th
e
s
y
s
tem
with
v
ar
y
in
g
wate
r
h
eig
h
ts
f
r
o
m
0
cm
u
p
to
th
e
f
u
ll
d
ep
th
o
f
th
e
test
co
lu
m
n
(
3
5
0
cm
)
.
T
h
e
f
l
o
at
m
ec
h
a
n
is
m
s
u
cc
ess
f
u
lly
tr
ac
k
ed
wate
r
lev
els
ac
r
o
s
s
th
is
f
u
ll
r
an
g
e,
d
em
o
n
s
tr
atin
g
its
s
u
itab
ilit
y
f
o
r
g
r
o
u
n
d
wate
r
tab
le
m
o
n
ito
r
i
n
g
.
T
h
e
d
esig
n
is
s
ca
lab
le
f
o
r
d
ee
p
er
ap
p
licatio
n
s
,
d
ep
en
d
in
g
o
n
th
e
len
g
th
o
f
th
e
th
r
ea
d
an
d
th
e
f
lo
at
c
h
am
b
er
d
ep
t
h
in
f
ield
d
ep
lo
y
m
e
n
t.
P
ulley
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
t J Ap
p
l Po
wer
E
n
g
I
SS
N:
2252
-
8
7
9
2
Dev
elo
p
men
t o
f g
r
o
u
n
d
w
a
ter lev
el
s
en
s
o
r
fo
r
in
tern
et
o
f th
in
g
s
-
b
a
s
ed
p
e
a
tla
n
d
…
(
A
b
d
u
l
Mu
id
)
919
Fig
u
r
e
3
.
Me
ch
a
n
ical
an
d
elec
tr
o
n
ic
cir
cu
it c
o
n
n
ec
tio
n
s
2
.
4
.
Desig
n o
f
c
o
mm
un
ica
t
io
n sy
s
t
em
On
ce
th
e
wate
r
lev
el
d
ata
i
s
p
r
o
ce
s
s
ed
,
th
e
m
icr
o
co
n
tr
o
ller
tr
an
s
m
its
th
i
s
d
ata
u
s
in
g
a
L
o
R
a
co
m
m
u
n
icatio
n
m
o
d
u
le
to
a
d
esig
n
ated
d
ata
ce
n
ter
o
r
I
o
T
p
latf
o
r
m
.
L
o
R
a
was
ch
o
s
en
f
o
r
its
ca
p
ab
ilit
y
to
tr
an
s
m
it
d
ata
o
v
er
lo
n
g
d
is
tan
ce
s
with
lo
w
p
o
wer
co
n
s
u
m
p
t
io
n
,
m
ak
in
g
it
s
u
itab
le
f
o
r
m
o
n
ito
r
in
g
wid
e
an
d
r
em
o
te
p
ea
tlan
d
ar
ea
s
.
T
h
e
r
ec
eiv
ed
d
ata
o
n
th
e
I
o
T
p
lat
f
o
r
m
is
th
e
n
v
is
u
alize
d
in
g
r
ap
h
ical
f
o
r
m
a
n
d
an
aly
ze
d
to
m
o
n
ito
r
r
ea
l
-
tim
e
ch
an
g
es in
g
r
o
u
n
d
wate
r
lev
els
.
T
h
is
s
tu
d
y
p
r
esen
ts
th
e
d
esig
n
o
f
a
co
m
m
u
n
icatio
n
s
y
s
tem
b
etwe
en
th
e
s
en
s
o
r
n
o
d
e
an
d
th
e
g
atew
ay
,
as
well
as
b
etwe
e
n
th
e
g
atew
ay
a
n
d
t
h
e
I
o
T
d
ev
ice.
T
h
e
s
en
s
o
r
n
o
d
e
is
co
m
p
o
s
ed
o
f
th
e
STM
3
2
L
0
5
2
C
8
T
6
m
icr
o
co
n
t
r
o
ller
m
o
d
u
le,
SX1
2
7
6
R
F9
6
L
o
R
a
m
o
d
u
le,
an
d
o
p
t
o
co
u
p
ler
in
clu
d
in
g
m
ec
h
an
ical
p
ar
t.
T
h
e
g
atew
ay
r
ec
eiv
es
g
r
o
u
n
d
wate
r
lev
el
s
en
s
o
r
d
ata
u
s
in
g
th
e
L
o
R
a
p
r
o
to
co
l
an
d
tr
an
s
m
its
th
e
d
ata
to
th
e
s
er
v
e
r
u
s
in
g
th
e
m
ess
ag
e
q
u
eu
i
n
g
telem
etr
y
t
r
an
s
p
o
r
t
(
MQ
T
T
)
p
r
o
to
co
l.
T
h
e
R
asp
b
er
r
y
Pi
4
B
is
u
s
ed
as
th
e
s
er
v
er
a
n
d
is
e
m
b
ed
d
e
d
with
I
o
T
s
u
p
p
o
r
tin
g
ap
p
licatio
n
s
o
f
twar
e
s
u
ch
a
s
I
n
f
lu
x
DB
,
No
d
e
-
R
E
D,
an
d
Gr
af
an
a.
I
t
s
er
v
es
as
a
lo
ca
l
s
er
v
er
f
o
r
s
to
r
in
g
,
p
r
o
ce
s
s
in
g
,
h
an
d
lin
g
,
an
d
d
is
p
lay
in
g
th
e
d
atab
ase
.
Fig
u
r
e
4
d
e
p
icts
th
e
n
etwo
r
k
s
ch
em
e
o
f
t
h
e
I
o
T
tech
n
iq
u
e
in
th
is
s
tu
d
y
.
T
h
e
s
tatio
n
in
v
o
lv
es a
g
atew
a
y
,
a
lo
ca
l ser
v
er
,
an
d
a
W
i
-
Fi r
o
u
ter
m
o
d
u
le.
T
h
e
W
i
-
Fi r
o
u
t
er
ac
ts
as
a
b
r
id
g
e
b
etwe
en
th
e
lo
ca
l
s
er
v
er
an
d
u
s
er
s
v
ia
th
e
in
ter
n
et
n
etwo
r
k
.
T
h
e
u
s
er
r
ef
e
r
s
to
th
e
d
ev
ices
th
at
u
s
er
s
u
s
e
to
ac
ce
s
s
d
ata
t
h
r
o
u
g
h
in
ter
n
et
b
r
o
wsi
n
g
ap
p
licatio
n
s
.
T
h
is
r
esear
ch
em
p
lo
y
s
I
n
f
lu
x
DB
an
d
No
d
e
-
R
ed
ap
p
licatio
n
s
f
o
r
d
ata
s
to
r
ag
e.
T
h
e
g
r
o
u
n
d
wate
r
lev
el
s
en
s
o
r
p
r
o
v
i
d
es
th
e
d
ata,
wh
ic
h
i
s
tr
an
s
m
itted
to
t
h
e
R
asp
b
er
r
y
Pi
d
ev
ice
v
ia
MQ
T
T
an
d
p
r
o
ce
s
s
ed
in
No
d
e
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R
ed
.
T
h
e
d
ata
is
th
en
co
n
v
er
ted
in
to
J
av
aScr
ip
t
Ob
ject
No
tatio
n
(
J
SON
)
f
o
r
m
at
an
d
s
to
r
ed
in
th
e
I
n
f
lu
x
DB
d
atab
ase.
E
ac
h
tr
a
n
s
m
itter
an
d
r
ec
eiv
er
h
as
u
n
iq
u
e
J
SON
d
ata
with
d
is
tin
ct
v
alu
es f
o
r
g
eo
h
ash
m
etad
ata
th
at
in
d
icate
th
eir
lo
ca
tio
n
.
Fig
u
r
e
4
.
B
lo
ck
d
iag
r
am
o
f
I
o
T
s
ch
em
e
W
a
t
er
In
l
et
W
a
t
er
L
evel
F
l
o
a
t
W
ei
ght
S
e
n
s
o
r
No
d
e
L
o
R
a
M
i
c
r
o
c
o
n
t
r
o
ll
e
r
W
a
t
e
r
l
e
v
e
l
s
e
n
s
o
r
(T
r
a
n
sm
i
tte
r
)
Ga
t
e
w
a
y
Wi
F
i
M
o
d
u
l
e
E
S
P
8
2
6
6
(R
ec
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ve
r
)
Io
T
R
a
s
p
b
e
r
r
y
P
i
I
n
f
l
u
x
D
B
G
r
a
f
a
n
a
N
o
d
e
-
R
E
D
(Se
r
ve
r
)
L
o
R
a
M
QT
T
M
QT
T
L
o
R
a
M
ic
r
o
c
o
n
t
r
o
ll
e
r
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
2
5
2
-
8
7
9
2
I
n
t J Ap
p
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wer
E
n
g
,
Vo
l.
15
,
No
.
2
,
J
u
n
e
20
26
:
915
-
926
920
Fig
u
r
e
5
illu
s
tr
ates
th
e
g
r
o
u
n
d
wate
r
lev
el
m
o
n
ito
r
i
n
g
s
y
s
tem
alg
o
r
ith
m
.
T
h
e
alg
o
r
ith
m
s
tar
ts
b
y
r
eq
u
esti
n
g
g
r
o
u
n
d
wate
r
lev
el
d
ata
f
r
o
m
th
e
I
n
f
lu
x
DB
d
atab
ase.
T
h
e
o
b
tain
e
d
g
r
o
u
n
d
wate
r
lev
el
v
alu
es
ar
e
th
en
ch
ec
k
ed
,
an
d
d
ec
is
io
n
s
a
r
e
m
ad
e
b
ased
o
n
t
h
em
.
T
h
e
d
ata
is
ca
teg
o
r
ized
in
to
two
g
r
o
u
p
s
:
“Da
n
g
er
”
if
th
e
g
r
o
u
n
d
wate
r
lev
el
e
x
ce
ed
s
4
0
0
m
m
an
d
“Saf
e”
if
th
e
g
r
o
u
n
d
wate
r
lev
el
is
less
th
an
o
r
eq
u
al
to
4
0
0
m
m
.
T
h
e
g
r
o
u
n
d
wate
r
lev
el
is
p
r
esen
ted
th
r
o
u
g
h
n
u
m
er
ical
v
alu
es,
g
r
ap
h
s
,
an
d
co
lo
r
s
.
Gr
ee
n
in
d
icate
s
a
lev
el
o
f
4
0
0
m
m
o
r
less
,
s
ig
n
if
y
in
g
s
af
ety
,
wh
ile
r
ed
is
u
s
ed
f
o
r
l
ev
el
ex
ce
ed
i
n
g
4
0
0
m
m
,
in
d
i
ca
tin
g
d
a
n
g
er
.
T
h
e
m
o
n
ito
r
in
g
s
y
s
tem
d
ash
b
o
a
r
d
also
d
is
p
lay
s
a
m
ap
o
f
th
e
p
ea
t
lan
d
ar
ea
with
th
e
s
en
s
o
r
p
lac
em
en
ts
.
Fig
u
r
e
5
.
Gr
o
u
n
d
wate
r
lev
el
m
o
n
ito
r
in
g
s
y
s
tem
alg
o
r
ith
m
in
th
e
Gr
af
a
n
a
ap
p
licatio
n
3.
RE
SU
L
T
S AN
D
D
I
SCU
SS
I
O
N
3
.
1
.
E
v
a
lua
t
i
o
n
o
f
r
o
t
a
ry
enco
der
perf
o
rm
a
nce
E
x
p
er
im
en
ts
h
av
e
b
ee
n
co
n
d
u
cted
to
ev
alu
ate
th
e
p
e
r
f
o
r
m
an
ce
o
f
th
e
r
o
tar
y
en
c
o
d
er
.
W
e
d
id
two
d
if
f
er
en
t
s
im
u
latio
n
s
.
T
h
e
f
ir
s
t
s
im
u
latio
n
r
o
tated
th
e
d
i
s
c
in
a
clo
ck
wis
e
d
ir
ec
tio
n
,
wh
ile
th
e
s
ec
o
n
d
s
im
u
latio
n
r
o
tated
th
e
d
is
c
in
a
co
u
n
ter
clo
ck
wis
e
d
ir
ec
tio
n
.
Du
r
in
g
t
h
e
s
im
u
latio
n
,
th
e
b
e
h
av
io
r
o
f
th
e
r
o
tar
y
en
co
d
er
is
an
aly
ze
d
.
T
h
e
s
im
u
latio
n
r
esu
lts
ar
e
g
iv
e
n
in
Fig
u
r
e
6
.
T
h
e
f
ir
s
t
s
im
u
latio
n
was
to
ex
am
in
e
th
e
o
p
to
co
u
p
ler
p
r
o
g
r
am
c
o
d
e
in
ter
m
s
o
f
p
u
ls
e
wav
es.
T
h
e
r
esu
ltin
g
d
ata
p
r
o
v
id
ed
in
s
ig
h
t
i
n
to
th
e
s
tate
o
f
th
e
p
u
ls
e
as a
f
u
n
ctio
n
o
f
d
is
c
r
o
ta
tio
n
d
ir
ec
tio
n
.
Data
o
b
tain
e
d
f
r
o
m
th
e
ex
p
e
r
im
en
ts
s
h
o
wed
th
at
th
e
d
ir
ec
tio
n
o
f
th
e
r
o
tar
y
en
c
o
d
er
’
s
d
is
k
af
f
ec
ts
th
e
p
h
ase
o
f
th
e
s
q
u
ar
e
wav
e
p
r
o
d
u
ce
d
b
y
th
e
o
p
to
c
o
u
p
ler
.
Fig
u
r
e
6
(
a
)
d
ep
icts
th
e
s
er
ial
m
o
n
ito
r
d
is
p
lay
o
b
s
er
v
ed
o
n
th
e
Ar
d
u
in
o
I
DE
d
ash
b
o
ar
d
.
T
h
e
r
esu
lts
in
d
icate
th
at
th
e
r
o
tar
y
en
co
d
er
g
e
n
er
ates
a
s
q
u
ar
e
wav
e.
T
h
e
ex
p
er
im
e
n
ts
s
h
o
wed
th
at
th
e
d
ir
ec
tio
n
o
f
th
e
r
o
t
ar
y
en
co
d
e
r
’
s
d
is
k
af
f
ec
ts
th
e
p
h
ase
o
f
th
e
s
q
u
ar
e
wav
e
p
r
o
d
u
ce
d
b
y
th
e
o
p
to
co
u
p
ler
.
W
h
en
th
e
d
is
c
r
o
tates
to
th
e
r
ig
h
t
(
clo
ck
wis
e)
,
th
e
s
q
u
ar
e
wav
e
ex
h
ib
its
a
g
r
ad
u
al
tr
an
s
itio
n
f
r
o
m
lo
w
to
h
ig
h
lev
els,
wh
ile
co
u
n
ter
clo
ck
wis
e
r
o
tatio
n
r
esu
lts
in
a
tr
an
s
itio
n
f
r
o
m
h
ig
h
to
lo
w.
Op
to
c
o
u
p
le
r
A
is
in
th
e
'
0
'
s
tate
wh
ile
o
p
t
o
co
u
p
ler
B
is
in
th
e
'
1
'
s
tate,
w
ith
a
p
h
ase
d
if
f
er
e
n
ce
o
f
9
0
°.
I
n
o
t
h
er
wo
r
d
s
,
o
p
to
co
u
p
ler
s
q
u
ar
e
wav
e
B
p
r
ec
ed
es
o
p
to
co
u
p
ler
s
q
u
ar
e
wav
e
A.
I
f
th
e
d
is
c
is
r
o
tated
to
th
e
le
f
t
(
co
u
n
ter
clo
c
k
wis
e)
,
o
p
to
co
u
p
ler
wa
v
e
A
p
r
ec
ed
es
o
p
to
c
o
u
p
ler
wav
e
B
.
T
h
e
s
ec
o
n
d
s
im
u
latio
n
aim
s
to
e
v
alu
ate
th
e
r
o
tar
y
e
n
co
d
er
p
r
o
g
r
am
co
d
e
in
ter
m
s
o
f
p
u
ls
e
co
u
n
tin
g
.
Data
was
o
b
tain
ed
o
n
t
h
e
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
p
u
ls
es
g
e
n
er
ated
b
y
t
h
e
r
o
tar
y
en
co
d
er
as
a
f
u
n
ctio
n
o
f
th
e
n
u
m
b
e
r
o
f
d
is
c
r
o
tatio
n
s
.
Fig
u
r
e
6
(
b
)
p
r
esen
ts
a
s
cr
ee
n
s
h
o
t
o
f
th
e
s
er
ial
m
o
n
ito
r
d
is
p
lay
o
f
th
e
d
ata
p
lo
t
c
u
r
v
e,
illu
s
tr
atin
g
th
e
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
p
u
l
s
es
v
er
s
u
s
d
i
s
c
r
o
tatio
n
.
T
h
e
s
im
u
latio
n
r
esu
lts
s
h
o
w
th
at
th
e
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
p
u
ls
es
g
en
er
ated
b
y
th
e
r
o
tar
y
en
c
o
d
er
in
cr
ea
s
es
if
th
e
d
is
c
is
r
o
tat
ed
clo
ck
wis
e
an
d
th
e
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
p
u
ls
es
d
ec
r
ea
s
es
if
th
e
d
is
c
is
r
o
tated
co
u
n
ter
cl
o
ck
wis
e.
I
t
ca
n
b
e
in
ter
p
r
eted
th
at
th
e
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
p
u
ls
es
in
c
r
ea
s
es
if
th
e
wate
r
lev
el
in
cr
ea
s
es,
an
d
th
e
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
p
u
ls
es
d
ec
r
ea
s
es
if
th
e
w
ater
lev
el
d
ec
r
ea
s
es.
T
h
e
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
p
u
ls
es
is
th
en
co
n
v
er
ted
in
to
a
wate
r
le
v
el
v
alu
e
f
r
o
m
th
e
s
en
s
o
r
ca
lib
r
atio
n
p
r
o
ce
s
s
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
t J Ap
p
l Po
wer
E
n
g
I
SS
N:
2252
-
8
7
9
2
Dev
elo
p
men
t o
f g
r
o
u
n
d
w
a
ter lev
el
s
en
s
o
r
fo
r
in
tern
et
o
f th
in
g
s
-
b
a
s
ed
p
e
a
tla
n
d
…
(
A
b
d
u
l
Mu
id
)
921
(
a)
(
b
)
Fig
u
r
e
6
.
T
h
e
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
o
f
th
e
r
o
tar
y
en
co
d
er
: (
a)
o
p
to
c
o
u
p
ler
A
an
d
B
p
r
o
d
u
ce
s
q
u
a
r
e
wav
es with
a
p
h
ase
d
if
f
er
en
ce
o
f
9
0
°
an
d
(
b
)
t
h
e
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
p
u
ls
es f
o
llo
win
g
th
e
d
ir
ec
tio
n
o
f
r
o
tatio
n
o
f
t
h
e
d
is
k
3
.
2
.
T
esting
t
he
s
ens
o
r
s
ens
i
t
iv
it
y
a
nd
re
s
o
lutio
n
W
e
co
n
d
u
cte
d
s
im
u
latio
n
s
u
s
in
g
two
d
is
cs
o
f
d
if
f
er
e
n
t
s
izes
to
test
th
e
s
en
s
o
r
'
s
s
en
s
itiv
ity
an
d
r
eso
lu
tio
n
.
T
h
e
f
ir
s
t
s
im
u
latio
n
u
s
es
d
is
cs
with
a
d
iam
eter
o
f
4
5
m
m
,
an
d
th
e
s
ec
o
n
d
s
im
u
latio
n
u
s
es
d
is
cs
with
a
d
iam
eter
o
f
2
5
m
m
.
Fig
u
r
e
7
s
h
o
ws th
e
s
im
u
latio
n
u
s
i
n
g
th
e
f
ir
s
t d
is
c.
T
h
e
n
u
m
b
e
r
o
f
h
o
les th
at
ca
n
b
e
m
ad
e
in
th
e
f
ir
s
t
d
is
c
is
2
0
,
wh
ile
th
e
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
h
o
les
i
n
th
e
s
ec
o
n
d
d
is
c
is
1
1
.
Du
r
i
n
g
th
e
s
im
u
latio
n
,
t
h
e
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
p
u
ls
es
g
en
er
ate
d
b
y
th
e
o
p
t
o
co
u
p
ler
is
o
b
s
er
v
ed
.
T
h
e
r
esu
lts
s
h
o
w
t
h
at
wh
e
n
u
s
in
g
th
e
f
ir
s
t
d
is
c
th
e
o
p
t
o
co
u
p
ler
g
en
er
ates 4
0
p
u
ls
es
p
er
r
o
tatio
n
o
f
th
e
d
is
c,
wh
ile
wh
e
n
u
s
in
g
th
e
s
ec
o
n
d
d
is
c,
it
g
e
n
er
ates
2
2
p
u
ls
es.
I
n
th
is
s
tu
d
y
,
th
e
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
p
u
ls
es
is
co
n
v
er
ted
i
n
to
a
g
r
o
u
n
d
wate
r
lev
el
v
alu
e.
Sen
s
o
r
s
en
s
itiv
ity
r
ef
er
s
to
th
e
c
h
an
g
e
in
o
u
tp
u
t (
wate
r
lev
el)
p
e
r
u
n
it o
f
in
p
u
t v
ar
iatio
n
(
n
u
m
b
e
r
o
f
p
u
ls
es).
T
h
e
f
ir
s
t
s
im
u
latio
n
ac
h
iev
ed
a
s
en
s
o
r
s
en
s
itiv
ity
o
f
3
m
m
/p
u
ls
e,
wh
ile
th
e
s
ec
o
n
d
d
is
c
ac
h
iev
ed
a
s
en
s
itiv
ity
o
f
6
m
m
/p
u
ls
e.
Gr
o
u
n
d
wate
r
lev
el
s
en
s
o
r
r
eso
lu
tio
n
r
e
f
er
s
to
th
e
s
m
allest
wate
r
lev
el
d
if
f
er
en
ce
th
at
t
h
e
s
en
s
o
r
ca
n
d
etec
t
an
d
m
ea
s
u
r
e
ac
c
u
r
ately
.
T
h
e
f
ir
s
t
s
im
u
latio
n
o
b
tain
e
d
a
s
en
s
o
r
r
eso
lu
tio
n
o
f
3
.
3
3
m
m
,
wh
ile
th
e
s
ec
o
n
d
s
im
u
latio
n
r
esu
lted
in
a
s
en
s
o
r
r
eso
lu
tio
n
o
f
6
.
0
5
m
m
.
I
t
was
f
o
u
n
d
th
at
th
e
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
h
o
les
in
th
e
d
is
c
af
f
ec
ts
th
e
s
en
s
itiv
ity
an
d
r
es
o
lu
tio
n
o
f
th
e
s
en
s
o
r
.
T
h
e
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
h
o
les
in
th
e
d
is
c
is
d
eter
m
in
ed
b
y
th
e
d
iam
eter
o
f
th
e
d
is
c.
I
n
a
g
r
ea
ter
d
is
c
d
iam
eter
,
m
o
r
e
h
o
les
ca
n
b
e
cr
ea
ted
,
r
esu
ltin
g
in
h
i
g
h
er
s
en
s
itiv
ity
an
d
r
eso
lu
tio
n
co
m
p
ar
ed
t
o
d
is
cs with
a
s
m
aller
d
iam
eter
.
Fig
u
r
e
7
.
T
h
e
r
ea
li
z
atio
n
o
f
th
e
m
ec
h
an
ics p
ar
t
o
f
th
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wate
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l
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s
en
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o
r
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
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2
2
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2
I
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l.
15
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2
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u
n
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20
26
:
915
-
926
922
3
.
3
.
E
v
a
lua
t
i
o
n o
f
t
he
s
ens
o
r’
s
s
ens
i
ng
ra
ng
e
I
n
th
is
s
tu
d
y
,
t
h
e
s
en
s
in
g
r
an
g
e
o
f
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
m
eth
o
d
w
as
ev
alu
ated
t
h
r
o
u
g
h
th
e
s
im
u
latio
n
o
f
a
wate
r
lev
el
f
lu
ctu
atio
n
ev
en
t u
s
in
g
tr
an
s
p
ar
en
t p
ip
es,
as
illu
s
tr
ated
in
Fig
u
r
e
8
.
W
e
ca
n
co
n
tr
o
l
th
e
f
lu
ct
u
atio
n
o
f
th
e
wate
r
le
v
el
in
th
e
tr
a
n
s
p
ar
en
t
p
ip
e
u
s
in
g
a
wate
r
p
u
m
p
.
A
m
eter
is
attac
h
e
d
to
th
e
s
id
e
o
f
th
e
tr
an
s
p
ar
en
t
p
i
p
e
to
k
n
o
w
t
h
e
ac
tu
al
wate
r
lev
el.
W
e
co
n
d
u
cted
th
e
test
with
two
d
if
f
er
e
n
t
s
im
u
latio
n
s
.
T
h
e
f
ir
s
t
s
im
u
latio
n
u
s
es
an
in
cr
ea
s
ed
wate
r
s
ce
n
ar
io
,
an
d
th
e
s
ec
o
n
d
s
im
u
latio
n
u
s
es
r
ed
u
ce
d
wate
r
.
I
n
ea
ch
s
ce
n
ar
io
,
we
u
s
ed
two
d
if
f
er
en
t
len
g
th
s
o
f
r
o
p
e.
I
n
th
e
f
i
r
s
t
s
im
u
latio
n
,
we
u
s
ed
a
r
o
p
e
with
a
len
g
th
o
f
2
m
eter
s
.
W
h
ile
th
e
s
ec
o
n
d
s
im
u
latio
n
,
we
u
s
ed
a
r
o
p
e
wit
h
a
len
g
t
h
o
f
3
.
5
m
eter
s
.
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u
latio
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r
esu
lts
s
h
o
w
th
at
th
e
m
ax
im
u
m
s
en
s
in
g
r
an
g
e
o
f
th
e
s
en
s
o
r
r
ea
ch
es
2
m
et
er
s
wh
en
u
s
in
g
a
r
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e
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f
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eter
s
;
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ile
u
s
in
g
a
r
o
p
e
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f
3
.
5
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eter
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,
th
e
m
ax
im
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m
s
en
s
in
g
r
an
g
e
r
ea
ch
es
3
.
5
m
eter
s
.
Du
r
in
g
th
e
s
im
u
latio
n
,
th
e
s
en
s
o
r
'
s
b
eh
av
io
r
is
an
aly
z
e
d
.
B
ased
o
n
th
e
ex
p
er
im
en
t,
th
e
r
elatio
n
s
h
ip
b
etwe
en
wate
r
lev
el
an
d
th
e
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
p
u
ls
es
was
o
b
tain
ed
Y
=
2
5
6
.
5
5
X
+
0
.
6
1
8
5
,
wh
er
e
Y
is
th
e
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
p
u
ls
es
an
d
X
is
th
e
wate
r
lev
el.
T
h
e
test
r
esu
lts
in
d
icate
th
at
th
e
s
en
s
o
r
h
as
lin
ea
r
ch
ar
ac
ter
is
tics
.
T
h
e
f
in
d
i
n
g
s
o
f
th
e
r
esear
ch
in
d
icate
th
at
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
g
r
o
u
n
d
wate
r
lev
el
s
en
s
o
r
is
ab
le
t
o
m
ea
s
u
r
e
th
e
g
r
o
u
n
d
wate
r
le
v
el
u
p
to
th
e
len
g
th
o
f
th
e
r
o
p
e
u
s
ed
.
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n
o
t
h
er
wo
r
d
s
,
th
e
m
ax
im
u
m
s
en
s
in
g
r
an
g
e
o
f
t
h
e
s
en
s
o
r
is
alig
n
e
d
wi
th
th
e
len
g
t
h
o
f
th
e
r
o
p
e
u
tili
ze
d
.
T
h
is
ca
p
ab
ilit
y
is
wel
l
-
s
u
ited
to
m
ee
t
th
e
r
eq
u
ir
em
en
ts
o
f
m
ea
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u
r
in
g
g
r
o
u
n
d
wate
r
lev
els
in
p
ea
tlan
d
s
,
wh
er
e
wate
r
d
ep
th
s
f
lu
ctu
ate
f
r
o
m
s
h
allo
w
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d
ee
p
.
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h
e
s
tu
d
y
d
e
m
o
n
s
tr
ates
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h
e
in
ter
c
o
n
n
ec
tio
n
o
f
th
e
g
r
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u
n
d
wate
r
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el
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en
s
o
r
with
th
e
STM
3
2
L
0
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C
8
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6
m
icr
o
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n
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ller
m
o
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7
6
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o
R
a
m
o
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u
le
o
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th
e
p
r
in
ted
cir
cu
it
b
o
ar
d
(
PC
B
)
.
Fig
u
r
e
9
s
h
o
ws
th
e
p
ar
t
o
f
th
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I
o
T
d
ev
ice.
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h
e
p
o
wer
s
u
p
p
ly
is
f
r
o
m
s
o
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an
els
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d
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s
to
r
ed
o
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b
atter
ies,
as
illu
s
tr
ated
in
Fig
u
r
e
9
(
a)
.
Fig
u
r
e
9
(
b
)
s
h
o
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p
ar
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o
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g
atew
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lated
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ir
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v
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e
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r
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atter
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h
e
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d
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ice
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r
ates
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f
9
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z
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h
e
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o
lar
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im
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io
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m
m
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d
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ce
a
m
ax
im
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u
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n
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er
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e
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itio
n
s
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t
h
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o
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g
e
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9
6
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a
n
d
a
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r
t
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r
r
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n
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6
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h
e
m
ea
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r
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t
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el
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h
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o
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ip
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1
8
6
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a
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ch
with
a
ca
p
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f
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5
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Ah
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n
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v
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ep
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atter
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P5
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A
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d
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t v
o
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e
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f
9
V.
(
a)
(
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)
Fig
u
r
e
8
.
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h
e
s
en
s
in
g
r
a
n
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e
te
s
t
of
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e
s
en
s
o
r
:
(
a)
t
h
e
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o
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th
e
wate
r
lev
el
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th
e
tr
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s
p
ar
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t p
ip
e
an
d
(
b
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th
e
c
u
r
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o
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th
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u
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er
o
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o
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Fig
u
r
e
9
.
R
ea
lizatio
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f
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d
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a)
s
en
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o
r
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e
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d
(
b
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Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
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ile
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o
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u
r
e
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ch
with
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t
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ca
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d
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ield
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T
h
e
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t
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d
y
s
h
o
w
t
h
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f
m
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r
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g
r
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n
d
wate
r
le
v
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to
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ep
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o
f
m
o
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th
a
n
3
.
5
m
eter
s
.
A
wid
er
o
p
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atio
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al
s
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in
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r
an
g
e
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u
p
to
3
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5
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eter
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a
n
d
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x
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d
ab
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,
lo
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g
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an
r
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b
y
[
1
4
]
,
[
1
7
]
,
[
1
8
]
.
T
h
is
is
s
u
p
p
o
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ted
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y
th
e
ex
p
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im
en
t
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ws
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at
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len
g
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o
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r
an
g
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f
o
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I
n
a
d
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itio
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th
e
p
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p
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ed
m
eth
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d
p
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ce
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tr
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ig
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r
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[
2
5
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-
[
2
7
]
.
T
h
e
g
r
o
u
n
d
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lev
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en
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r
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s
f
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r
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o
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i
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ly
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y
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Fo
r
f
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th
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ca
n
b
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tal
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s
tu
b
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p
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Ma
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ten
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4.
CO
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b
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ased
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tly
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ltra
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f
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eth
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eq
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th
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ea
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r
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d
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lar
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e
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en
s
in
g
r
an
g
e,
i
n
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ea
l
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tim
e,
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n
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u
o
u
s
ly
,
with
an
in
d
ep
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n
d
en
t
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o
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p
p
l
y
.
T
o
m
ee
t
t
h
ese
r
eq
u
ir
e
m
en
ts
,
we
p
r
o
p
o
s
e
a
n
ew
m
eth
o
d
th
at
in
teg
r
ate
f
lo
at
an
d
o
p
to
co
u
p
ler
s
.
T
h
e
s
en
s
o
r
s
y
s
tem
s
r
esu
lt
a
l
ar
g
e
s
en
s
in
g
r
an
g
e
g
r
o
u
n
d
wate
r
lev
el
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ea
s
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r
em
e
n
t
m
eth
o
d
.
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v
alu
atio
n
o
f
th
e
s
en
s
in
g
r
an
g
e
s
h
o
ws
th
at
th
e
s
en
s
o
r
ca
n
ac
h
iev
e
th
e
s
en
s
in
g
r
a
n
g
e
ac
co
r
d
i
n
g
to
th
e
le
n
g
th
o
f
th
e
r
o
p
e.
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n
th
is
s
tu
d
y
,
th
e
s
en
s
o
r
is
ab
l
e
to
m
ea
s
u
r
e
u
p
t
o
3
.
5
m
eter
s
b
ec
au
s
e
it
u
s
es
r
o
p
es
3
.
5
m
eter
s
o
f
lo
n
g
.
T
h
e
s
tu
d
y
f
o
u
n
d
a
way
to
ad
j
u
s
t
th
e
s
en
s
itiv
ity
an
d
r
eso
lu
tio
n
o
f
th
e
s
en
s
o
r
.
A
lin
ea
r
co
r
r
elatio
n
was
f
o
u
n
d
b
et
wee
n
th
e
g
r
o
u
n
d
wate
r
lev
el
an
d
th
e
s
en
s
o
r
o
u
tp
u
t.
T
h
e
test
r
esu
lts
s
h
o
wed
th
e
s
en
s
itiv
ity
o
f
th
e
s
en
s
o
r
is
3
m
m
/p
u
ls
e
an
d
th
e
r
eso
lu
tio
n
is
3
.
3
3
m
m
.
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h
e
av
er
ag
e
er
r
o
r
p
er
ce
n
ta
g
e
is
1
.
6
7
%.
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h
e
g
r
o
u
n
d
wate
r
lev
el
s
en
s
o
r
in
th
is
s
tu
d
y
is
d
i
f
f
er
en
t
f
r
o
m
o
th
er
s
in
ter
m
s
o
f
th
e
lar
g
e
s
en
s
in
g
r
a
n
g
e.
E
x
is
tin
g
s
en
s
o
r
s
h
av
e
lim
itatio
n
s
in
g
r
o
u
n
d
wate
r
lev
el
s
en
s
in
g
r
an
g
e.
W
h
ile
th
e
s
en
s
o
r
we
d
ev
elo
p
ed
ca
n
m
ea
s
u
r
e
u
p
to
a
r
an
g
e
o
f
3
.
5
m
eter
s
.
Fu
r
th
er
m
o
r
e,
th
is
r
esear
ch
p
r
o
d
u
ce
d
a
m
o
n
ito
r
in
g
s
y
s
tem
f
o
r
p
ea
tla
n
d
f
ir
e
v
u
ln
e
r
ab
ilit
y
b
ased
o
n
I
o
T
-
b
ased
g
r
o
u
n
d
wate
r
lev
el
p
ar
am
eter
s
.
T
h
e
cu
r
r
en
t
p
r
o
to
ty
p
e
h
as
n
o
t
y
et
b
ee
n
test
ed
f
o
r
lo
n
g
-
ter
m
o
p
er
atio
n
u
n
d
er
ac
tu
al
p
ea
tlan
d
co
n
d
itio
n
s
,
wh
ic
h
ar
e
k
n
o
wn
to
b
e
co
r
r
o
s
iv
e,
h
u
m
id
,
an
d
f
illed
with
o
r
g
an
ic
m
a
tter
.
T
h
e
m
ec
h
an
ical
f
l
o
at
-
p
u
lley
s
y
s
tem
is
al
s
o
s
u
s
ce
p
tib
le
to
p
h
y
s
ical
d
is
tu
r
b
an
ce
s
f
r
o
m
an
im
als
o
r
en
v
ir
o
n
m
en
tal
f
ac
to
r
s
s
u
ch
as
s
tr
o
n
g
win
d
s
o
r
wate
r
s
u
r
g
es.
T
o
im
p
r
o
v
e
d
u
r
ab
ilit
y
,
we
p
lan
to
en
clo
s
e
th
e
m
ec
h
an
ical
s
y
s
tem
with
in
a
wea
t
h
er
-
r
esis
tan
t
ca
s
in
g
an
d
ex
p
l
o
r
e
th
e
u
s
e
o
f
co
r
r
o
s
io
n
-
r
esis
tan
t
m
ater
ials
s
u
ch
as
s
tain
less
s
teel
o
r
h
ig
h
-
g
r
ad
e
p
o
ly
m
er
s
.
T
o
o
p
tim
ize
p
o
wer
co
n
s
u
m
p
tio
n
,
esp
ec
ially
f
o
r
r
em
o
te
d
ep
lo
y
m
en
ts
,
we
in
ten
d
to
in
teg
r
ate
an
ad
ap
tiv
e
s
leep
-
wak
e
cy
cle
in
th
e
m
icr
o
c
o
n
tr
o
ller
f
ir
m
war
e
an
d
ex
p
lo
r
e
e
n
er
g
y
h
ar
v
esti
n
g
o
p
tio
n
s
s
u
c
h
as
s
o
lar
ch
ar
g
in
g
.
Ou
r
co
n
tr
ib
u
tio
n
r
esu
lts
in
a
n
o
v
el
m
ec
h
an
ical
-
elec
tr
o
n
ic
in
teg
r
atio
n
u
s
in
g
o
p
to
co
u
p
ler
-
b
ased
r
o
tar
y
s
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s
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tu
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esear
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o
th
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s
o
r
s
an
d
ar
tific
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tellig
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alg
o
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ith
m
s
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p
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ed
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ir
es th
at
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cc
u
r
in
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tim
e.
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h
is
s
tu
d
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cc
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p
ed
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g
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m
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s
y
s
tem
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ased
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n
th
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en
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ler
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wate
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as
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r
ly
war
n
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ef
f
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ts
f
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p
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tlan
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i
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es,
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ar
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r
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a
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cially
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e
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lem
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o
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th
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s
y
s
tem
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n
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h
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ce
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m
m
u
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ity
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esil
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r
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ly
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p
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(
SDGs
)
,
esp
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1
3
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lim
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)
th
r
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h
th
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itig
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o
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at
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io
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;
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5
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L
if
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th
r
o
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g
h
th
e
p
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o
te
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o
f
v
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l
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er
ab
le
p
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tlan
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ec
o
s
y
s
tem
s
;
t
h
er
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r
e,
th
e
f
in
d
in
g
s
o
f
th
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tu
d
y
ar
e
n
o
t
o
n
ly
tech
n
ically
r
ele
v
an
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b
u
t
also
o
f
f
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b
r
o
ad
p
o
s
itiv
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im
p
ac
ts
o
n
s
o
ci
ety
an
d
th
e
en
v
ir
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n
m
en
t.
F
UNDING
I
NF
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R
M
A
T
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O
N
Au
th
o
r
s
s
tate
n
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d
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g
in
v
o
lv
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AUTHO
R
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ax
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C
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ed
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ize
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h
ip
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Nin
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Ma
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Mitr
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C
:
C
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M
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Fu
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