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u
larly
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n
g
a
p
p
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s.
K
ey
w
o
r
d
s
:
B
L
DC
m
o
to
r
R
en
ewa
b
le
en
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SEPI
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co
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v
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W
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p
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CC B
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C
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Facu
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m
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b
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llah
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u
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s
o
1.
I
NT
RO
D
UCT
I
O
N
T
h
e
in
teg
r
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win
d
p
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cto
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SEPI
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)
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d
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s
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ir
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L
DC
)
m
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to
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s
f
o
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wate
r
p
u
m
p
in
g
r
em
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s
u
n
ex
p
lo
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ed
.
Desp
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s
u
b
s
tan
tial
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esear
ch
o
n
in
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iv
id
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al
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m
p
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in
ed
ap
p
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is
lar
g
ely
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ex
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.
Ab
o
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t
4
%
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g
l
o
b
al
elec
tr
icity
co
m
es
f
r
o
m
win
d
en
er
g
y
[
1
]
.
I
t
is
p
r
o
jecte
d
to
g
ain
s
ig
n
if
ican
ce
in
th
e
en
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g
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lan
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s
ca
p
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in
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th
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s
,
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f
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iev
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g
a
1
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% p
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ate
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d
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ca
p
ac
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o
f
1
.
9
x
1
0
9
k
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watts b
y
2
0
3
0
-
3
5
[
2
]
.
B
ec
au
s
e
SEPI
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co
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v
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ter
s
m
ay
s
tep
u
p
an
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in
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u
t
v
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ltag
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th
ey
o
f
f
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r
th
e
v
e
r
s
atilit
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r
e
q
u
ir
e
d
f
o
r
ap
p
licatio
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s
in
v
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lv
in
g
r
e
n
ewa
b
le
en
er
g
y
.
T
h
eir
ca
p
ac
i
ty
to
r
aise
v
o
ltag
e
also
h
elp
s
to
s
tab
ilize
o
u
tp
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t
v
o
ltag
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wh
ich
less
en
f
lu
ctu
a
tio
n
s
b
r
o
u
g
h
t
o
n
b
y
en
v
ir
o
n
m
en
tal
f
ac
to
r
s
af
f
ec
tin
g
en
er
g
y
s
o
u
r
ce
s
lik
e
win
d
tu
r
b
in
es
[
3
]
-
[
5
]
.
SEPI
C
co
n
v
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ter
s
ca
n
m
itig
ate
th
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is
s
u
es
r
elate
d
to
b
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ck
-
b
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t
co
n
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ter
s
,
in
clu
d
in
g
p
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ls
atin
g
lo
a
d
c
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r
r
en
t
an
d
in
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ted
l
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ad
v
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ltag
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B
u
ck
-
b
o
o
s
t
co
n
v
e
r
ter
s
h
a
v
e
lo
wer
ef
f
icien
cy
co
m
p
ar
e
d
to
SEPI
C
an
d
C
u
k
co
n
v
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ter
s
[
6
]
,
[
7
]
.
T
h
e
ch
a
r
ac
ter
is
tic
f
ea
tu
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o
f
SEPI
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an
d
Z
eta
ar
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d
em
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n
s
tr
ated
to
b
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n
ea
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ly
s
im
ilar
.
I
t
is
im
p
o
r
tan
t
to
n
o
te
th
at
th
e
ca
p
ac
ito
r
f
ilter
em
p
lo
y
ed
in
t
h
e
SEPI
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co
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v
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ter
was
8
0
μ
F,
wh
er
ea
s
th
e
ca
p
ac
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r
u
tili
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d
in
th
e
Z
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co
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v
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ter
was
1
2
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μ
F.
T
h
is
in
d
icate
s
th
at
em
p
lo
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in
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a
b
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r
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I
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8
6
9
4
I
n
teg
r
a
tio
n
o
f wi
n
d
en
erg
y
w
ith
a
s
in
g
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-
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n
d
ed
p
r
ima
r
y
in
d
u
cto
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co
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ve
r
ter …
(
Ha
s
s
a
n
A
b
d
i A
b
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1097
ca
p
ac
ito
r
ca
n
en
h
an
ce
t
h
e
q
u
ality
o
f
t
h
e
o
u
tp
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t
v
o
ltag
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in
co
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ju
n
ctio
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with
a
SEPI
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ter
.
T
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tp
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t
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s
s
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th
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co
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ter
.
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h
e
in
teg
r
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n
o
f
SEPI
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co
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v
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ter
s
,
win
d
en
er
g
y
,
an
d
B
L
DC
m
o
to
r
s
in
wate
r
p
u
m
p
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g
s
y
s
tem
s
i
s
a
s
ig
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if
ican
t
ap
p
r
o
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Key
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th
is
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ea
in
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m
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ts
in
s
y
s
tem
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,
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s
o
f
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n
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o
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alg
o
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ith
m
s
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d
is
s
u
es
p
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tain
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g
to
win
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g
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,
s
u
ch
as
p
o
wer
q
u
ality
an
d
g
r
id
co
m
p
atib
ilit
y
[
8
]
.
Sy
s
tem
s
f
o
r
co
n
v
e
r
tin
g
win
d
en
er
g
y
in
t
o
elec
tr
ical
en
er
g
y
a
r
e
u
s
ed
t
o
h
ar
n
ess
th
e
av
ailab
le
win
d
en
er
g
y
.
Fo
r
im
p
lem
en
ti
n
g
ef
f
icien
t
wate
r
p
u
m
p
in
g
s
y
s
tem
s
[
9
]
,
B
L
DC
m
o
to
r
s
ar
e
in
teg
r
ated
with
SEPI
C
co
n
v
er
ter
s
an
d
win
d
e
n
er
g
y
.
T
h
e
y
o
f
f
er
ad
v
an
tag
es
s
u
ch
as
q
u
iet
o
p
er
atio
n
,
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eliab
ilit
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,
an
d
a
g
o
o
d
to
r
q
u
e
-
to
-
p
o
wer
r
atio
[
1
0
]
.
T
h
is
s
tu
d
y
in
v
esti
g
ates
a
win
d
-
d
r
iv
en
wate
r
p
u
m
p
in
g
s
y
s
tem
in
teg
r
atin
g
a
win
d
tu
r
b
in
e,
a
SEPI
C
DC
–
D
C
c
o
n
v
er
ter
,
an
d
a
B
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DC
m
o
to
r
.
MA
T
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AB
/Si
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l
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ter
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h
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d
co
n
d
itio
n
s
,
with
th
e
aim
o
f
ac
h
iev
in
g
ef
f
i
cien
t a
n
d
r
eliab
le
p
o
wer
c
o
n
v
e
r
s
io
n
f
o
r
s
tan
d
alo
n
e
wate
r
p
u
m
p
in
g
a
p
p
licatio
n
s
.
An
ex
am
in
atio
n
o
f
t
h
e
c
u
r
r
en
t
liter
atu
r
e
r
e
v
iew
in
d
icate
s
,
b
ased
o
n
to
th
e
b
est
o
u
r
k
n
o
wled
g
e,
n
o
p
r
io
r
wo
r
k
h
as
s
y
s
tem
atica
ll
y
an
aly
ze
d
th
e
tr
a
n
s
ien
t
an
d
s
tead
y
-
s
tate
b
eh
av
io
r
o
f
a
win
d
–
SEPI
C
–
B
L
DC
wate
r
p
u
m
p
i
n
g
s
y
s
tem
u
n
d
er
r
ea
lis
tic
en
v
ir
o
n
m
en
tal
ch
a
n
g
es.
Alth
o
u
g
h
ce
r
tain
s
tu
d
ies
h
av
e
i
n
v
esti
g
ated
an
alo
g
o
u
s
co
m
p
o
n
e
n
ts
,
th
e
m
ajo
r
ity
co
n
ce
n
tr
ate
o
n
s
o
lar
p
h
o
to
v
o
ltaic
(
PV)
s
y
s
tem
s
as
t
h
e
p
r
i
m
ar
y
en
er
g
y
s
o
u
r
ce
[
1
1
]
-
[
1
4
]
.
Mo
r
eo
v
er
,
wh
ile
s
tu
d
ies
r
elate
d
to
win
d
en
er
g
y
an
d
SEPI
C
co
n
v
er
ter
s
ar
e
av
ailab
le
[
1
5
]
,
[
8
]
,
[
1
6
]
-
[
1
9
]
,
th
e
y
g
e
n
er
ally
d
o
n
o
t
f
o
cu
s
o
n
wate
r
p
u
m
p
in
g
ap
p
licatio
n
s
em
p
lo
y
i
n
g
B
L
DC
m
o
to
r
s
.
I
m
p
o
r
ta
n
tly
,
th
is
s
tu
d
y
is
p
ar
ti
cu
lar
ly
r
elev
a
n
t
f
o
r
r
em
o
te
a
n
d
win
d
-
r
ich
r
eg
io
n
s
with
lim
ited
s
o
lar
ir
r
ad
ian
ce
,
wh
er
e
co
n
v
en
tio
n
al
PV
-
p
o
wer
ed
s
y
s
tem
s
m
ay
b
e
less
ef
f
ec
tiv
e
.
R
ak
s
h
ith
et
a
l.
[
20
]
m
o
d
eled
a
win
d
e
n
er
g
y
co
n
v
er
s
io
n
s
y
s
tem
in
MA
T
L
AB
/Si
m
u
lin
k
u
s
in
g
a
SEPI
C
D
C
–
DC
co
n
v
er
ter
an
d
an
in
cr
em
en
tal
co
n
d
u
ctan
ce
(
I
n
C
o
n
d
)
b
ased
m
ax
im
u
m
p
o
wer
p
o
in
t
tr
ac
k
in
g
(
MPPT)
s
tr
ateg
y
to
m
ax
im
ize
p
o
wer
ex
tr
ac
tio
n
.
Simu
latio
n
r
esu
lts
u
n
d
er
v
ar
y
in
g
win
d
s
p
ee
d
s
d
em
o
n
s
tr
ated
ef
f
ec
tiv
e
p
ea
k
p
o
wer
tr
ac
k
in
g
an
d
a
to
tal
p
o
wer
o
u
tp
u
t
o
f
1
0
k
W
,
co
n
f
ir
m
in
g
th
e
s
u
itab
il
ity
o
f
th
e
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
f
o
r
ef
f
icien
t
win
d
en
e
r
g
y
u
tili
za
tio
n
.
R
esear
ch
er
s
in
[
21
]
-
[
2
3
]
m
a
d
e
a
co
m
p
a
r
ativ
e
a
n
aly
s
is
o
f
DC
–
D
C
co
n
v
er
ter
t
o
p
o
lo
g
ies
f
o
r
win
d
en
er
g
y
a
p
p
licatio
n
s
u
s
in
g
M
AT
L
AB
/Si
m
u
lin
k
,
with
em
p
h
asis
o
n
ef
f
icien
cy
,
p
o
wer
ex
tr
ac
tio
n
,
an
d
to
tal
h
a
r
m
o
n
ic
d
is
to
r
tio
n
.
T
h
e
SEPI
C
co
n
v
er
ter
,
o
p
er
ate
d
with
a
p
er
tu
r
b
-
a
n
d
-
o
b
s
er
v
e
MPPT
s
tr
ateg
y
,
d
em
o
n
s
tr
ate
d
s
u
p
er
io
r
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
co
m
p
ar
ed
to
b
u
c
k
,
b
o
o
s
t,
b
u
c
k
–
b
o
o
s
t,
an
d
C
UK
co
n
v
er
ter
s
,
o
f
f
er
i
n
g
f
ast d
y
n
a
m
ic
r
esp
o
n
s
e,
b
id
i
r
ec
tio
n
al
v
o
ltag
e
r
eg
u
latio
n
,
an
d
r
ed
u
ce
d
elec
tr
ical
s
tr
ess
.
Pre
v
iew
s
tu
d
y
[
5
]
a
h
y
b
r
id
s
o
lar
–
win
d
e
n
er
g
y
s
y
s
tem
em
p
l
o
y
in
g
C
UK
an
d
SEPI
C
co
n
v
er
ter
s
was
m
o
d
eled
a
n
d
ev
alu
ated
u
s
in
g
PS
I
M
to
e
n
s
u
r
e
co
n
tin
u
o
u
s
an
d
r
eg
u
lated
p
o
we
r
d
el
iv
er
y
.
T
h
e
s
y
s
tem
d
em
o
n
s
tr
ated
ef
f
ec
tiv
e
s
o
u
r
c
e
co
o
r
d
in
atio
n
,
p
r
o
d
u
cin
g
a
5
0
Hz,
2
2
0
V
R
MS
in
v
er
te
r
o
u
tp
u
t
with
lo
w
h
ar
m
o
n
ic
d
is
to
r
tio
n
a
n
d
h
ig
h
ef
f
icien
cy
,
c
o
n
f
ir
m
in
g
t
h
e
s
u
it
ab
ilit
y
o
f
C
UK
an
d
SEPI
C
co
n
v
er
ter
s
f
o
r
h
y
b
r
id
r
en
ewa
b
le
en
er
g
y
ap
p
licatio
n
s
.
Pre
v
iew
s
tu
d
y
[
9
]
,
a
SEPI
C
-
b
ased
s
o
lar
p
h
o
to
v
o
ltaic
wate
r
p
u
m
p
in
g
s
y
s
tem
d
r
iv
in
g
a
B
L
DC
m
o
to
r
,
w
as
an
aly
ze
d
u
s
in
g
MA
T
L
A
B
/Si
m
u
lin
k
,
with
em
p
h
asis
o
n
r
eliab
ilit
y
an
d
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
.
An
in
cr
em
e
n
tal
co
n
d
u
ctan
ce
MPPT
s
tr
ateg
y
was
em
p
lo
y
ed
to
im
p
r
o
v
e
s
tar
tin
g
b
eh
av
io
r
a
n
d
r
eg
u
late
p
o
wer
d
eliv
e
r
y
,
an
d
b
o
th
d
y
n
am
ic
an
d
s
tead
y
-
s
tate
r
esu
lts
co
n
f
ir
m
e
d
th
e
s
u
itab
ilit
y
o
f
th
e
SEPI
C
–
B
L
DC
co
n
f
ig
u
r
atio
n
f
o
r
p
h
o
to
v
o
ltaic
wate
r
p
u
m
p
in
g
a
p
p
lica
tio
n
s
.
Pre
v
iew
s
tu
d
y
[
2
4
]
a
n
d
[2
5
]
,
SEPI
C
co
n
v
er
ter
o
p
er
atin
g
in
co
n
tin
u
o
u
s
c
o
n
d
u
ctio
n
m
o
d
e
,
wer
e
d
esig
n
ed
f
o
r
a
s
m
all
-
s
ca
le
win
d
en
er
g
y
c
o
n
v
e
r
s
io
n
s
y
s
tem
with
d
ig
ital
MPPT
co
n
tr
o
l.
A
DSP
-
b
ased
co
n
tr
o
ller
was
u
s
ed
to
ad
a
p
t
th
e
SEPI
C
p
ar
am
eter
s
u
n
d
er
v
ar
y
in
g
win
d
c
o
n
d
itio
n
s
,
an
d
e
x
p
er
im
en
tal
r
esu
lts
co
n
f
ir
m
e
d
ef
f
ec
ti
v
e
MPPT
i
n
teg
r
atio
n
an
d
im
p
r
o
v
ed
en
e
r
g
y
c
o
n
v
e
r
s
io
n
ef
f
icien
cy
.
Pre
v
iew
s
tu
d
y
[2
6
]
,
a
h
y
b
r
i
d
win
d
–
PV
wate
r
p
u
m
p
in
g
s
y
s
tem
d
r
iv
in
g
a
h
ig
h
-
v
o
ltag
e
B
L
DC
m
o
to
r
was
m
o
d
eled
in
MA
T
L
AB
/S
im
u
lin
k
u
s
in
g
in
cr
em
en
tal
co
n
d
u
cta
n
ce
MPPT
an
d
in
v
er
ter
-
b
ased
elec
tr
o
n
ic
co
m
m
u
tatio
n
,
d
em
o
n
s
tr
atin
g
s
tab
le
o
p
er
atio
n
an
d
e
f
f
icien
t p
o
wer
u
tili
za
tio
n
u
n
d
er
v
ar
y
in
g
r
en
ewa
b
le
c
o
n
d
itio
n
s
.
T
h
is
s
tu
d
y
p
r
esen
ts
a
s
im
u
latio
n
-
b
ased
win
d
-
d
r
iv
en
wa
ter
p
u
m
p
in
g
f
r
am
ewo
r
k
in
t
eg
r
atin
g
a
v
ar
iab
le
-
s
p
ee
d
win
d
t
u
r
b
in
e,
a
SEPI
C
D
C
–
DC
co
n
v
er
ter
,
an
d
a
B
L
DC
m
o
to
r
.
A
p
er
tu
r
b
a
n
d
o
b
s
er
v
e
(
P&
O
)
-
b
ased
MPPT
co
n
tr
o
ller
is
im
p
lem
en
ted
to
tr
ac
k
m
ax
im
u
m
win
d
p
o
wer
,
wh
ile
th
e
SEPI
C
s
tag
e
i
s
d
esig
n
ed
an
d
r
eg
u
lated
to
s
tab
ilize
th
e
win
d
-
d
er
iv
e
d
DC
-
lin
k
v
o
ltag
e
f
o
r
r
eliab
le
B
L
DC
m
o
to
r
o
p
e
r
atio
n
.
T
h
e
s
y
s
tem
’
s
d
y
n
am
ic
an
d
s
tead
y
-
s
tate
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
is
ev
alu
ated
u
n
d
er
w
in
d
s
p
ee
d
v
ar
iatio
n
s
f
r
o
m
1
2
m
/s
to
8
m
/s
u
s
in
g
MA
T
L
AB
/S
im
u
lin
k
.
I
n
ad
d
it
io
n
,
p
r
elim
in
ar
y
s
tab
ilit
y
an
d
s
en
s
itiv
ity
an
aly
s
es
ass
es
s
t
h
e
im
p
ac
t
o
f
d
u
ty
-
cy
cle
v
ar
iatio
n
,
win
d
-
s
p
ee
d
f
l
u
ctu
atio
n
s
,
an
d
lo
ad
-
t
o
r
q
u
e
ch
an
g
es o
n
c
o
n
v
er
te
r
an
d
m
o
to
r
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
.
T
h
e
s
u
b
s
eq
u
e
n
t
s
ec
tio
n
s
o
f
t
h
is
wo
r
k
ar
e
s
tr
u
ctu
r
ed
as
f
o
llo
ws:
i)
Sectio
n
2
p
r
esen
ts
t
h
e
s
y
s
tem
m
eth
o
d
o
l
o
g
y
,
s
y
s
tem
s
p
ec
if
ic
atio
n
,
d
esig
n
o
f
th
e
win
d
tu
r
b
i
n
e,
an
d
d
esig
n
o
f
th
e
SEPI
C
co
n
v
er
ter
; ii)
Sectio
n
3
p
r
esen
ts
r
esu
lts
an
d
d
is
cu
s
s
io
n
,
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
o
f
win
d
s
p
ee
d
,
th
e
win
d
tu
r
b
in
e'
s
v
o
ltag
e
an
d
cu
r
r
en
t
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
,
SEPI
C
co
n
v
e
r
ter
o
u
tp
u
t
p
o
wer
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
,
S
E
PIC
co
n
v
er
ter
v
o
ltag
e
an
d
c
u
r
r
en
t p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
,
B
L
DC
m
o
to
r
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
,
ef
f
icien
cy
m
etr
ics,
a
n
d
t
o
tal
h
ar
m
o
n
ic
d
is
to
r
tio
n
(
T
HD
)
ev
alu
atio
n
;
an
d
iv
)
Sectio
n
4
c
o
n
clu
d
es th
e
s
tu
d
y
an
d
s
u
g
g
ests
f
u
tu
r
e
r
esear
c
h
d
ir
ec
tio
n
s
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
0
8
8
-
8
6
9
4
I
n
t J Po
w
E
lec
&
Dr
i Sy
s
t
,
Vo
l.
1
7
,
No
.
2
,
J
u
n
e
20
2
6
:
1
0
9
6
-
1104
1098
2.
M
E
T
H
O
D
T
h
e
m
eth
o
d
o
lo
g
y
is
b
ased
o
n
MA
T
L
AB
/
Simu
lin
k
m
o
d
elin
g
o
f
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
win
d
–
SEPI
C
–
B
L
D
C
s
y
s
tem
,
in
clu
d
in
g
SEPI
C
co
n
v
er
ter
d
esig
n
,
win
d
s
o
u
r
ce
in
teg
r
atio
n
,
an
d
co
n
tr
o
l
s
tr
ateg
y
im
p
lem
en
tatio
n
.
Simu
latio
n
r
esu
lts
ar
e
u
s
ed
to
ass
es
s
s
y
s
tem
f
ea
s
ib
ilit
y
an
d
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
f
o
r
o
f
f
-
g
r
id
wate
r
p
u
m
p
in
g
ap
p
licatio
n
s
.
2
.
1
.
Sy
s
t
em
s
pecif
ica
t
io
n
As
s
h
o
wn
in
F
ig
u
r
e
1
,
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
s
y
s
tem
,
m
o
d
eled
i
n
MA
T
L
AB
/S
im
u
lin
k
,
co
m
p
r
is
es
a
win
d
tu
r
b
in
e,
AC
–
DC
co
n
v
er
s
io
n
s
tag
e,
SEPI
C
co
n
v
er
ter
,
a
v
o
lt
ag
e
s
o
u
r
ce
i
n
v
er
ter
,
B
L
DC
m
o
to
r
with
elec
tr
o
n
ic
co
m
m
u
tatio
n
,
P&
O
-
b
ased
M
PP
T
co
n
tr
o
ller
,
an
d
a
wate
r
p
u
m
p
.
W
in
d
-
g
en
er
ated
p
o
wer
is
r
ec
tifie
d
a
n
d
r
eg
u
lated
b
y
th
e
SEPI
C
co
n
v
er
ter
to
s
u
p
p
ly
th
e
B
L
DC
d
r
i
v
e,
wh
ile
th
e
MPPT
co
n
tr
o
ller
m
ax
im
izes
p
o
wer
ex
tr
ac
tio
n
.
T
h
is
s
ec
tio
n
o
u
tlin
es th
e
m
o
d
elin
g
o
f
th
e
win
d
tu
r
b
in
e
an
d
th
e
SEPI
C
co
n
v
e
r
ter
.
Fig
u
r
e
1
.
B
L
DC
m
o
to
r
-
d
r
iv
en
wate
r
p
u
m
p
i
n
g
s
y
s
tem
with
win
d
-
SEPI
C
f
ee
d
2.
2
.
Desig
n o
f
wind
t
urbin
e
W
in
d
en
er
g
y
s
y
s
tem
s
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
th
e
k
in
etic
e
n
er
g
y
o
f
m
o
v
i
n
g
air
in
to
elec
tr
ical
en
e
r
g
y
.
T
h
e
k
i
n
etic
en
er
g
y
(
E
k
in
)
g
en
e
r
ated
b
y
th
e
m
o
tio
n
o
f
an
o
b
ject
is
r
ep
r
es
en
ted
as
(
1
)
.
E
=
1
2
2
(
1
)
T
h
e
p
o
wer
s
u
p
p
lied
b
y
th
e
wi
n
d
(
Pv
)
ca
n
b
e
d
eter
m
in
e
d
b
y
d
er
iv
in
g
t
h
e
win
d
e
n
er
g
y
[2
4
],
[2
5
].
=
½
3
(
2
)
2
.
3
.
Desig
n o
f
SE
P
I
C
co
nv
er
t
er
T
h
e
m
ax
im
u
m
d
u
e
to
th
e
c
y
cl
e
o
f
th
e
SEPI
C
co
n
v
e
r
ter
is
as (
3)
.
=
+
+
+
(
3)
T
h
e
m
ax
im
u
m
d
u
ty
cy
cle
will
h
ap
p
en
wh
e
n
th
e
in
p
u
t
v
o
ltag
e
is
at
it
s
lo
wes
t
p
o
in
t.
C
o
n
v
er
s
ely
,
th
e
m
in
im
u
m
d
u
ty
cy
cle
will o
cc
u
r
wh
en
th
e
in
p
u
t v
o
ltag
e
is
at
its
h
ig
h
est lev
el
[2
7
].
−
I
n
d
u
cto
r
ca
lcu
latio
n
1
=
2
=
=
∆
+
(
4
)
−
C
ap
ac
ito
r
c
alcu
latio
n
s
=
o
×
D
∆
V
C
S
×
(
5
)
out
=
o
×
D
r
i
p
p
l
e
×
0
.
5
×
(
6)
W
h
er
e
r
ep
r
esen
ts
th
e
o
u
tp
u
t
v
o
ltag
e,
d
en
o
tes
th
e
in
p
u
t
v
o
ltag
e,
an
d
is
th
e
s
witch
in
g
f
r
eq
u
e
n
cy
.
s
tan
d
s
f
o
r
th
e
o
u
tp
u
t
c
u
r
r
en
t,
wh
ile
r
ep
r
esen
ts
th
e
in
d
u
c
to
r
r
ip
p
le
c
u
r
r
en
t.
in
d
icate
s
th
e
v
o
ltag
e
r
ip
p
le,
an
d
r
ep
r
esen
ts
th
e
d
u
ty
cy
cle.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
t J Po
w
E
lec
&
Dr
i Sy
s
t
I
SS
N:
2088
-
8
6
9
4
I
n
teg
r
a
tio
n
o
f wi
n
d
en
erg
y
w
ith
a
s
in
g
le
-
e
n
d
ed
p
r
ima
r
y
in
d
u
cto
r
co
n
ve
r
ter …
(
Ha
s
s
a
n
A
b
d
i A
b
i)
1099
T
h
e
o
v
er
all
co
n
tr
o
l
s
eq
u
en
ce
f
o
llo
ws
th
e
win
d
–
r
ec
tifie
r
–
SEPI
C
–
VSI
–
B
L
D
C
ch
ain
with
P
&
O
-
b
ased
MPPT
an
d
elec
tr
o
n
ic
co
m
m
u
tatio
n
,
as
im
p
lem
en
ted
in
MA
T
L
AB
/Si
m
u
lin
k
.
T
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
s
y
s
tem
,
s
im
u
lated
in
MA
T
L
AB
en
v
ir
o
n
m
en
t
,
is
illu
s
tr
ated
in
F
ig
u
r
e
2
.
T
h
e
s
y
s
tem
co
n
s
is
ts
o
f
s
ev
er
al
ess
en
tial
co
m
p
o
n
e
n
ts
,
in
clu
d
in
g
a
win
d
tu
r
b
in
e,
SEPI
C
D
C
/D
C
co
n
v
er
ter
,
v
o
lta
g
e
s
o
u
r
ce
in
v
er
ter
(
VSI
)
,
co
n
tr
o
l
u
n
it
o
f
B
L
DC
m
o
to
r
,
B
L
DC
m
o
to
r
,
a
n
d
wate
r
p
u
m
p
.
Fig
u
r
e
2
.
MA
T
L
AB
/Si
m
u
lin
k
o
f
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
W
PS
3.
RE
SU
L
T
S AN
D
D
I
SCU
SS
I
O
N
T
h
is
s
ec
tio
n
ev
alu
ates
th
e
s
tead
y
-
s
tate
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
o
f
t
h
e
B
L
DC
-
d
r
iv
en
wate
r
p
u
m
p
i
n
g
s
y
s
tem
u
n
d
er
win
d
s
p
ee
d
v
ar
iatio
n
s
f
r
o
m
1
2
m
/s
to
8
m
/s
.
Key
e
lectr
ical
an
d
m
ec
h
an
ical
r
esp
o
n
s
es
o
f
th
e
win
d
s
o
u
r
ce
,
SEPI
C
co
n
v
er
ter
,
an
d
B
L
DC
m
o
to
r
ar
e
an
aly
ze
d
t
o
ch
ar
ac
ter
ize
o
v
e
r
all
s
y
s
tem
b
e
h
av
io
r
.
3
.
1
.
P
er
f
o
rma
nce
o
f
wind
s
p
ee
d
Fig
u
r
e
3
s
h
o
ws
th
e
win
d
s
p
ee
d
p
r
o
f
ile,
wh
ich
r
em
ain
s
co
n
s
tan
t
at
1
2
m
/s
f
r
o
m
0
to
0
.
4
s
an
d
th
en
d
ec
r
ea
s
es
to
8
m
/s
at
0
.
4
s
,
m
ain
tain
in
g
th
is
v
alu
e
u
n
til
0
.
8
s
.
T
h
is
s
tep
ch
an
g
e
is
in
tr
o
d
u
ce
d
to
ev
al
u
ate
th
e
d
y
n
am
ic
r
esp
o
n
s
e
o
f
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
s
y
s
tem
u
n
d
er
s
u
d
d
e
n
v
ar
iatio
n
s
in
win
d
co
n
d
iti
o
n
s
.
I
t
en
ab
les
th
e
ass
es
s
m
en
t
o
f
th
e
SEPI
C
co
n
v
er
ter
’
s
ca
p
ab
ilit
y
to
r
e
g
u
late
t
h
e
o
u
t
p
u
t
v
o
ltag
e
w
h
ile
en
s
u
r
i
n
g
s
tab
le
o
p
er
atio
n
o
f
th
e
B
L
DC
m
o
to
r
d
u
r
i
n
g
tr
an
s
ien
t
co
n
d
itio
n
s
.
Fu
r
th
e
r
m
o
r
e,
th
e
s
elec
ted
win
d
s
p
e
ed
lev
els
r
ep
r
esen
t
r
ea
lis
tic
o
p
er
atin
g
s
ce
n
ar
io
s
in
win
d
en
er
g
y
a
p
p
licatio
n
s
,
all
o
win
g
f
o
r
a
p
r
ac
tical
ev
al
u
atio
n
o
f
o
v
er
all
s
y
s
tem
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
.
3
.
2
.
T
he
wind
t
urbi
ne's
v
o
lt
a
g
e
a
nd
curr
ent
perf
o
rma
nce
Fig
u
r
e
4
s
h
o
ws
th
e
win
d
tu
r
b
i
n
e
r
esp
o
n
s
es,
wh
er
e
Fig
u
r
e
4
(
a)
illu
s
tr
ates
th
e
v
o
ltag
e
an
d
F
ig
u
r
e
4
(
b
)
th
e
cu
r
r
en
t.
B
ef
o
r
e
th
e
win
d
s
p
ee
d
ch
an
g
es,
th
e
tu
r
b
in
e
p
r
o
d
u
ce
s
ap
p
r
o
x
im
ately
1
5
0
V
an
d
5
5
A.
Af
ter
th
e
win
d
s
p
ee
d
d
r
o
p
s
at
0
.
4
s
,
th
e
v
o
ltag
e
d
ec
r
ea
s
es
to
ab
o
u
t
1
0
0
V
an
d
th
e
cu
r
r
en
t
to
a
r
o
u
n
d
3
5
A,
r
ef
lectin
g
t
h
e
d
ir
ec
t in
f
lu
en
ce
o
f
win
d
s
p
ee
d
v
ar
iatio
n
o
n
th
e
elec
tr
ical
o
u
t
p
u
t.
Fig
u
r
e
3
.
W
in
d
s
p
ee
d
o
v
e
r
tim
e
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
0
8
8
-
8
6
9
4
I
n
t J Po
w
E
lec
&
Dr
i Sy
s
t
,
Vo
l.
1
7
,
No
.
2
,
J
u
n
e
20
2
6
:
1
0
9
6
-
1104
1100
(
a)
(
b
)
Fig
u
r
e
4
.
W
in
d
v
o
ltag
e
(
win
d
)
an
d
cu
r
r
e
n
t (
win
d
)
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
g
r
a
p
h
s
:
(
a)
win
d
v
o
ltag
e
(
win
d
)
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
an
d
(
b
)
win
d
c
u
r
r
en
t (
win
d
)
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
3
.
3
.
SE
P
I
C
co
nv
er
t
er
po
wer
perf
o
rma
nce
As
s
h
o
wn
in
Fig
u
r
e
5
,
th
e
o
u
t
p
u
t
p
o
we
r
in
itially
ex
h
ib
its
a
s
tar
tu
p
tr
an
s
ien
t
with
a
s
h
ar
p
s
p
ik
e
ab
o
v
e
2
0
k
W
.
T
h
e
r
esp
o
n
s
e
th
en
r
ea
ch
es
a
s
tead
y
s
ta
te
at
ap
p
r
o
x
im
ately
1
0
k
W
f
r
o
m
ab
o
u
t
0
.
0
5
s
to
0
.
4
s
,
in
d
icatin
g
s
tab
le
en
er
g
y
tr
an
s
f
er
f
r
o
m
th
e
SEPI
C
co
n
v
er
ter
to
th
e
B
L
D
C
p
u
m
p
in
g
lo
ad
.
At
0
.
4
s
,
th
e
p
o
wer
d
r
o
p
s
f
r
o
m
~1
0
k
W
to
ju
s
t
ab
o
v
e
5
k
W
an
d
th
en
r
ea
ch
es
a
n
ew
s
tead
y
s
tate,
s
tab
ilizin
g
a
g
ain
f
r
o
m
0
.
7
s
to
0
.
8
s
.
T
h
e
s
tead
y
-
s
tate
ef
f
icie
n
cy
o
f
t
h
e
SEPI
C
co
n
v
er
ter
is
esti
m
ated
as
th
e
r
atio
o
f
o
u
tp
u
t
p
o
wer
to
r
ec
tifie
d
in
p
u
t p
o
wer
; a
t 1
2
m
/s
,
th
e
co
n
v
er
ter
o
p
er
ates w
ith
an
ef
f
icien
cy
o
f
ap
p
r
o
x
im
ately
9
3
%.
3
.
4
.
SE
P
I
C
co
nv
er
t
o
r
v
o
lt
a
g
e
a
nd
curr
ent
perf
o
rma
nce
Fig
u
r
e
6
illu
s
tr
ates th
e
SEPI
C
co
n
v
er
ter
o
u
tp
u
t,
wh
er
e
Fig
u
r
e
6
(
a)
s
h
o
ws th
e
v
o
ltag
e
an
d
F
ig
u
r
e
6
(
b
)
th
e
cu
r
r
en
t.
I
n
itially
,
th
e
co
n
v
er
ter
r
eg
u
lates
th
e
o
u
tp
u
t
at
ap
p
r
o
x
im
ately
1
7
5
V
an
d
3
0
A.
Fo
llo
win
g
th
e
r
ed
u
ctio
n
in
win
d
s
p
ee
d
,
th
e
o
u
tp
u
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atch
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I
SS
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:
2
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ase
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ly
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er
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d
v
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r
iatio
n
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r
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lated
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to
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o
r
t
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le
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L
DC
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ated
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n
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ter
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f
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ter
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d
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r
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lts
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n
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ir
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th
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f
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tr
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im
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s
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ess
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f
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ag
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th
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b
lic,
co
m
m
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r
non
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s
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u
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.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
t J Po
w
E
lec
&
Dr
i Sy
s
t
I
SS
N:
2088
-
8
6
9
4
I
n
teg
r
a
tio
n
o
f wi
n
d
en
erg
y
w
ith
a
s
in
g
le
-
e
n
d
ed
p
r
ima
r
y
in
d
u
cto
r
co
n
ve
r
ter …
(
Ha
s
s
a
n
A
b
d
i A
b
i)
1103
DATA AV
AI
L
AB
I
L
I
T
Y
All
d
ata
an
d
s
im
u
latio
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o
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p
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ea
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ab
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eq
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RE
F
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NC
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1
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c
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.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.