I
nd
o
ne
s
ia
n J
o
urna
l o
f
E
lect
rica
l En
g
ineering
a
nd
Co
m
pu
t
er
Science
Vo
l.
42
,
No
.
3
,
J
u
n
e
2
0
2
6
,
p
p
.
7
2
9
~7
4
1
I
SS
N:
2502
-
4
7
5
2
,
DOI
: 1
0
.
1
1
5
9
1
/ijeecs.v
42
.i
3
.
pp
729
-
7
4
1
729
J
o
ur
na
l ho
m
ep
a
g
e
:
h
ttp
:
//ij
ee
cs.ia
esco
r
e.
co
m
Dev
elo
pment of
an Io
T
-
ba
sed wa
st
e mo
nitoring
and
no
tif
ica
tion
sy
stem f
o
r sma
rt
env
iro
nmenta
l m
a
na
g
ement
E
ng
g
a
r
Ut
a
ri
1
,
I
k
a
Rif
qia
wa
t
i
1
,
Wa
hy
un
i Ma
rt
ini
ng
s
ih
2
,
I
zz
a
l Ih
a
s
a
ni
3
,
Ad
it
y
a
Ra
hm
a
n
3
,
B
a
g
us
Dwica
hy
o
no
3
1
D
e
p
a
r
t
me
n
t
o
f
B
i
o
l
o
g
y
E
d
u
c
a
t
i
o
n
,
F
a
c
u
l
t
y
o
f
T
e
a
c
h
e
r
Tr
a
i
n
i
n
g
a
n
d
E
d
u
c
a
t
i
o
n
,
U
n
i
v
e
r
si
t
a
s
S
u
l
t
a
n
A
g
e
n
g
T
i
r
t
a
y
a
sa,
S
e
r
a
n
g
,
I
n
d
o
n
e
si
a
2
D
e
p
a
r
t
me
n
t
o
f
El
e
c
t
r
i
c
a
l
En
g
i
n
e
e
r
i
n
g
,
F
a
c
u
l
t
y
o
f
E
n
g
i
n
e
e
r
i
n
g
,
U
n
i
v
e
r
si
t
a
s
S
u
l
t
a
n
A
g
e
n
g
Ti
r
t
a
y
a
sa
,
S
e
r
a
n
g
,
I
n
d
o
n
e
s
i
a
3
D
e
p
a
r
t
me
n
t
o
f
El
e
c
t
r
i
c
a
l
En
g
i
n
e
e
r
i
n
g
Ed
u
c
a
t
i
o
n
,
F
a
c
u
l
t
y
o
f
T
e
a
c
h
e
r
Tr
a
i
n
i
n
g
a
n
d
E
d
u
c
a
t
i
o
n
,
U
n
i
v
e
r
si
t
a
s
S
u
l
t
a
n
A
g
e
n
g
Ti
r
t
a
y
a
s
a
,
S
e
r
a
n
g
,
I
n
d
o
n
e
s
i
a
Art
icle
I
nfo
AB
S
T
RAC
T
A
r
ticle
his
to
r
y:
R
ec
eiv
ed
No
v
1
4
,
2
0
2
5
R
ev
is
ed
Ma
y
4
,
2
0
2
6
Acc
ep
ted
Ma
y
2
6
,
2
0
2
6
Ra
p
id
u
r
b
a
n
p
o
p
u
lati
o
n
g
ro
wt
h
h
a
s
in
ten
sified
so
l
id
wa
ste
g
e
n
e
ra
t
io
n
,
w
h
il
e
m
a
n
y
e
x
isti
n
g
wa
ste
m
a
n
a
g
e
m
e
n
t
sy
ste
m
s
stil
l
re
ly
o
n
m
a
n
u
a
l
in
sp
e
c
ti
o
n
a
n
d
sin
g
le
-
p
a
ra
m
e
ter
m
o
n
it
o
rin
g
,
re
su
lt
i
n
g
in
d
e
lay
e
d
re
sp
o
n
se
s
a
n
d
in
e
fficie
n
t
h
a
n
d
l
in
g
.
P
re
v
io
u
s
st
u
d
ies
h
a
v
e
p
rima
ril
y
fo
c
u
se
d
o
n
iso
late
d
se
n
sin
g
o
r
o
ffli
n
e
m
o
n
it
o
rin
g
,
h
ig
h
li
g
h
ti
n
g
t
h
e
n
e
e
d
fo
r
i
n
teg
ra
ted
,
re
a
l
-
ti
m
e
,
a
n
d
u
se
r
-
o
rien
ted
wa
ste
m
o
n
it
o
ri
n
g
so
l
u
ti
o
n
s
.
T
h
is
stu
d
y
u
se
d
R
n
D
m
e
th
o
d
,
p
ro
p
o
se
s
a
sm
a
rt
g
a
rb
a
g
e
lev
e
l
a
n
d
i
n
fo
rm
a
ti
o
n
h
u
b
(
S
IG
ALIH
),
a
n
Io
T
-
b
a
se
d
wa
ste
m
o
n
it
o
ri
n
g
a
n
d
n
o
ti
fica
ti
o
n
s
y
ste
m
d
e
sig
n
e
d
to
a
d
d
r
e
ss
th
e
se
li
m
it
a
ti
o
n
s.
S
IG
ALIH
c
o
m
b
in
e
s
m
u
lt
i
-
p
a
ra
m
e
ter
se
n
sin
g
,
i
n
c
lu
d
in
g
wa
ste
lev
e
l,
tem
p
e
ra
tu
re
–
h
u
m
i
d
it
y
,
g
a
s
c
o
n
c
e
n
trati
o
n
,
a
n
d
a
m
b
ien
t
li
g
h
t,
with
a
n
ES
P
3
2
m
icro
c
o
n
tro
ll
e
r,
a
c
lo
u
d
-
b
a
se
d
d
a
ta
p
latf
o
rm
,
a
n
d
a
re
a
l
-
ti
m
e
n
o
ti
fica
ti
o
n
se
rv
ice
u
sin
g
a
m
e
ss
a
g
in
g
b
o
t
.
S
y
ste
m
e
v
a
lu
a
ti
o
n
in
v
o
lv
e
d
se
n
so
r
a
c
c
u
ra
c
y
tes
ti
n
g
,
c
o
m
m
u
n
ica
ti
o
n
late
n
c
y
a
n
a
ly
sis
,
a
n
d
f
u
n
c
ti
o
n
a
l
v
e
rifi
c
a
ti
o
n
.
Ex
p
e
rime
n
tal
re
su
lt
s
in
d
ica
te
a
n
a
v
e
ra
g
e
se
n
so
r
a
c
c
u
ra
c
y
o
f
9
6
.
8
%
,
w
it
h
a
n
a
v
e
ra
g
e
d
a
ta
tra
n
sm
issio
n
late
n
c
y
o
f
1
.
8
4
se
c
o
n
d
s
a
n
d
a
n
o
ti
fica
ti
o
n
d
e
lay
o
f
2
.
1
4
se
c
o
n
d
s,
in
d
ica
ti
n
g
re
li
a
b
le
re
a
l
-
ti
m
e
p
e
rfo
rm
a
n
c
e
u
n
d
e
r
v
a
ry
i
n
g
n
e
two
r
k
c
o
n
d
it
i
o
n
s.
F
u
n
c
ti
o
n
a
l
tes
ti
n
g
c
o
n
f
ir
m
e
d
sta
b
le
o
p
e
ra
ti
o
n
o
f
a
ll
sy
ste
m
m
o
d
u
les
.
Th
e
sy
ste
m
w
a
s
a
lso
in
teg
ra
ted
in
t
o
a
n
En
v
ir
o
n
m
e
n
tal
E
d
u
c
a
ti
o
n
lea
rn
i
n
g
m
o
d
u
le
to
su
p
p
o
rt
e
n
v
ir
o
n
m
e
n
t
a
l
li
tera
c
y
a
n
d
a
wa
re
n
e
ss
th
r
o
u
g
h
c
o
n
t
e
x
tu
a
l
lea
rn
i
n
g
o
n
s
u
sta
in
a
b
le
wa
ste
m
a
n
a
g
e
m
e
n
t
.
SIG
AL
I
H
is
d
esi
g
n
ed
f
o
r
s
m
all
-
to
m
ed
i
u
m
-
s
c
ale
u
r
b
a
n
an
d
co
m
m
u
n
ity
-
b
ased
ap
p
lica
tio
n
s
.
Ho
wev
er
,
p
e
r
f
o
r
m
an
ce
d
ep
en
d
s
o
n
wir
eless
n
etwo
r
k
av
ailab
i
lity
,
wh
ich
m
a
y
r
e
d
u
ce
r
eliab
ilit
y
in
lo
w
-
co
n
n
ec
tiv
ity
a
r
ea
s
.
Ov
e
r
all,
SIG
AL
I
H
p
r
o
v
id
es
a
lo
w
-
co
s
t,
s
ca
lab
le,
in
teg
r
ated
s
o
lu
tio
n
s
u
p
p
o
r
tin
g
s
m
ar
t
e
n
v
ir
o
n
m
en
tal
m
an
ag
em
en
t a
n
d
s
u
s
tain
ab
le
u
r
b
a
n
waste
in
itiativ
es
.
K
ey
w
o
r
d
s
:
E
n
v
ir
o
n
m
en
tal
m
o
n
ito
r
in
g
I
n
ter
n
et
o
f
th
in
g
s
a
p
p
licatio
n
s
R
ea
l
-
tim
e
n
o
tific
atio
n
s
y
s
tem
Sm
ar
t c
ity
in
f
r
astru
ctu
r
e
W
ir
eles
s
s
en
s
o
r
n
etwo
r
k
T
h
is i
s
a
n
o
p
e
n
a
c
c
e
ss
a
rticle
u
n
d
e
r th
e
CC B
Y
-
SA
li
c
e
n
se
.
C
o
r
r
e
s
p
o
nd
ing
A
uth
o
r
:
E
n
g
g
ar
Utar
i
Dep
ar
tm
en
t o
f
B
io
lo
g
y
E
d
u
ca
tio
n
,
Facu
lty
o
f
T
ea
ch
er
T
r
ain
in
g
an
d
E
d
u
ca
tio
n
Un
iv
er
s
itas
Su
ltan
Ag
en
g
T
ir
t
ay
asa
J
l.
C
iwar
u
R
ay
a
No
.
2
5
,
C
ip
ar
e,
Ser
an
g
C
ity
,
B
an
ten
4
2
1
1
7
,
I
n
d
o
n
esia
E
m
ail: e
n
g
g
ar
.
u
tar
i@
u
n
tirta
.
a
c.
id
1.
I
NT
RO
D
UCT
I
O
N
T
h
e
r
a
p
id
g
r
o
wth
o
f
u
r
b
an
ar
ea
s
h
as
s
ig
n
if
ican
tly
in
cr
ea
s
e
d
s
o
lid
waste
g
en
er
atio
n
,
p
o
s
in
g
s
er
io
u
s
ch
allen
g
es
to
e
n
v
ir
o
n
m
en
tal
s
u
s
tain
ab
ilit
y
an
d
p
u
b
lic
h
ea
lt
h
.
I
n
e
f
f
icien
t
waste
m
an
a
g
em
en
t
p
r
ac
tices
o
f
te
n
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
5
0
2
-
4
7
5
2
I
n
d
o
n
esian
J
E
lec
E
n
g
&
C
o
m
p
Sci
,
Vo
l.
42
,
No
.
3
,
J
u
n
e
20
2
6
:
7
2
9
-
7
4
1
730
r
esu
lt
in
o
v
e
r
f
lo
win
g
lan
d
f
ills
,
air
an
d
wate
r
p
o
llu
t
io
n
,
a
n
d
d
is
r
u
p
tio
n
o
f
ec
o
lo
g
ical
b
alan
c
e.
T
h
ese
co
n
d
itio
n
s
h
ig
h
lig
h
t
th
e
n
ee
d
f
o
r
in
tellig
en
t
waste
m
an
ag
em
en
t
s
y
s
tem
s
ca
p
ab
le
o
f
m
o
n
ito
r
in
g
waste
lev
el
s
an
d
p
r
o
v
id
i
n
g
ea
r
ly
n
o
tific
atio
n
s
t
o
s
u
p
p
o
r
t
tim
ely
a
n
d
e
f
f
ec
tiv
e
waste
h
an
d
lin
g
.
I
n
th
is
co
n
te
x
t,
th
e
in
teg
r
atio
n
o
f
i
n
ter
n
et
o
f
t
h
in
g
s
(
I
o
T
)
tech
n
o
lo
g
y
o
f
f
er
s
a
p
r
o
m
is
in
g
s
o
lu
t
io
n
f
o
r
r
ea
l
-
tim
e
d
ata
co
llecti
o
n
,
m
o
n
it
o
r
in
g
,
a
n
d
co
m
m
u
n
icatio
n
b
etwe
en
d
is
tr
ib
u
ted
s
en
s
o
r
s
an
d
waste
m
an
a
g
em
en
t a
u
th
o
r
ities
[
1
]
,
[
2
]
.
I
o
T
-
b
ased
s
m
ar
t
waste
m
a
n
a
g
em
en
t
s
y
s
tem
s
h
a
v
e
b
ee
n
wid
ely
ex
p
l
o
r
ed
as
a
k
ey
co
m
p
o
n
e
n
t
o
f
s
m
ar
t
city
in
f
r
astru
ctu
r
e
a
n
d
co
m
m
u
n
ity
-
b
ased
en
v
ir
o
n
m
en
tal
m
an
ag
em
e
n
t
[
3
]
.
T
y
p
ic
al
im
p
lem
en
tatio
n
s
u
tili
ze
u
ltra
s
o
n
ic
o
r
in
f
r
ar
ed
s
en
s
o
r
s
to
d
etec
t
waste
b
in
f
ill
lev
els,
m
icr
o
co
n
tr
o
ller
s
f
o
r
lo
ca
l
d
ata
p
r
o
ce
s
s
in
g
,
an
d
clo
u
d
-
b
ased
p
latf
o
r
m
s
o
r
m
o
b
ile
ap
p
licatio
n
s
f
o
r
d
a
ta
v
is
u
aliza
tio
n
an
d
n
o
tific
atio
n
s
er
v
ices.
T
h
e
av
ailab
ilit
y
o
f
r
ea
l
-
tim
e
waste
d
ata
allo
ws
au
th
o
r
ities
to
o
p
t
im
ize
co
llectio
n
r
o
u
tes,
r
ed
u
c
e
o
p
er
atio
n
al
co
s
ts
,
an
d
m
in
im
ize
en
v
ir
o
n
m
e
n
tal
r
is
k
s
ass
o
ciate
d
with
d
elay
e
d
waste
h
an
d
lin
g
[
4
]
.
H
o
wev
er
,
m
a
n
y
e
x
is
tin
g
s
y
s
tem
s
r
em
ain
lim
ited
to
s
in
g
le
-
p
ar
am
eter
m
o
n
ito
r
in
g
an
d
d
o
n
o
t
in
c
o
r
p
o
r
ate
c
o
m
p
r
e
h
e
n
s
iv
e
en
v
ir
o
n
m
en
tal
s
en
s
in
g
o
r
p
r
elim
i
n
ar
y
u
s
ab
ilit
y
ev
alu
atio
n
.
At
th
e
lo
ca
l
lev
el,
Se
r
an
g
C
i
t
y
,
as
th
e
ca
p
ital
o
f
B
an
ten
Pr
o
v
in
ce
,
r
ep
r
esen
ts
a
r
ap
id
ly
d
ev
elo
p
in
g
u
r
b
an
ar
ea
with
in
c
r
ea
s
in
g
p
o
p
u
latio
n
d
e
n
s
ity
an
d
d
iv
er
s
e
e
co
n
o
m
ic
ac
tiv
ities
.
T
h
e
city
f
a
ce
s
p
er
s
is
ten
t
waste
m
an
ag
em
en
t
ch
allen
g
es
d
u
e
t
o
lim
ited
lan
d
f
ill
ca
p
ac
ity
,
in
ad
eq
u
ate
waste
c
o
llectio
n
in
f
r
astru
ctu
r
e,
an
d
l
o
w
lev
els
o
f
waste
s
eg
r
eg
atio
n
.
L
o
ca
l
en
v
ir
o
n
m
en
tal
r
e
p
o
r
ts
in
d
icate
th
at
h
o
u
s
eh
o
ld
an
d
co
m
m
er
cial
waste
v
o
lu
m
es
in
Ser
an
g
co
n
tin
u
e
to
in
cr
ea
s
e
a
n
n
u
ally
,
wh
ile
u
n
m
an
ag
ed
waste
ac
cu
m
u
latio
n
f
r
eq
u
e
n
tly
o
cc
u
r
s
i
n
r
esid
en
t
ial
ar
ea
s
an
d
d
r
ain
ag
e
s
y
s
tem
s
,
co
n
tr
ib
u
tin
g
t
o
f
l
o
o
d
in
g
a
n
d
s
an
itatio
n
p
r
o
b
lem
s
[
5
]
,
[
6
]
.
Mo
r
eo
v
er
,
co
o
r
d
in
atio
n
am
o
n
g
s
tak
eh
o
ld
er
s
an
d
p
u
b
lic
awa
r
en
ess
in
i
tiativ
es
h
as
n
o
t
y
et
b
ee
n
s
u
p
p
o
r
ted
b
y
in
teg
r
ated
d
ig
ital
s
y
s
tem
s
ca
p
ab
le
o
f
p
r
o
v
id
in
g
r
ea
l
-
tim
e
waste
m
o
n
ito
r
in
g
an
d
ea
r
ly
war
n
in
g
m
ec
h
an
is
m
s
.
T
h
ese
f
lo
o
d
in
g
is
s
u
es
ar
e
clo
s
ely
lin
k
ed
to
u
n
m
a
n
ag
ed
s
o
lid
waste
ac
cu
m
u
latio
n
,
h
ig
h
lig
h
tin
g
t
h
e
in
ter
d
e
p
en
d
e
n
ce
b
etwe
en
waste
m
an
ag
em
en
t a
n
d
u
r
b
an
e
n
v
ir
o
n
m
en
tal
r
esil
ien
ce
.
At
th
e
n
atio
n
al
s
ca
le,
waste
m
an
ag
em
en
t
r
em
ai
n
s
a
m
ajo
r
co
n
ce
r
n
in
m
an
y
I
n
d
o
n
es
ian
cities.
C
o
m
m
u
n
ity
-
b
ased
p
r
o
g
r
am
s
,
s
u
ch
as
K
a
mp
u
n
g
R
esik
La
n
A
ma
n
,
h
av
e
d
em
o
n
s
tr
ated
p
o
s
itiv
e
im
p
ac
ts
o
n
p
u
b
lic
awa
r
en
ess
an
d
en
v
ir
o
n
m
en
tal
clea
n
lin
ess
[
7
]
.
Nev
er
th
eless
,
p
r
ev
io
u
s
s
tu
d
ies
e
m
p
h
asi
ze
th
at
s
u
ch
in
itiativ
es
r
eq
u
ir
e
d
ig
ital
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
atio
n
an
d
s
m
ar
t
tech
n
o
l
o
g
y
in
teg
r
atio
n
to
en
s
u
r
e
lo
n
g
-
ter
m
ef
f
ec
tiv
en
ess
an
d
s
ca
lab
ilit
y
[
2
]
,
[
8
]
.
W
ith
o
u
t
r
ea
l
-
tim
e
m
o
n
ito
r
i
n
g
an
d
d
ata
-
d
r
iv
e
n
d
ec
is
io
n
s
u
p
p
o
r
t,
co
n
v
en
tio
n
al
waste
m
an
ag
em
en
t a
p
p
r
o
ac
h
es a
r
e
o
f
ten
r
ea
ctiv
e
r
at
h
er
th
an
p
r
e
v
e
n
tiv
e.
R
ec
en
t
s
tu
d
ies
h
av
e
h
ig
h
lig
h
ted
th
at
in
teg
r
atin
g
I
o
T
s
y
s
tem
s
with
clo
u
d
co
m
p
u
tin
g
an
d
d
ata
-
d
r
iv
en
p
latf
o
r
m
s
ca
n
en
h
a
n
ce
tr
an
s
p
ar
en
cy
,
r
esp
o
n
s
iv
en
ess
,
an
d
s
u
s
tain
ab
ilit
y
in
en
v
ir
o
n
m
e
n
ta
l
m
an
ag
em
en
t
[
9
]
,
[
1
0
]
.
A
u
to
m
atic
n
o
tific
atio
n
m
ec
h
an
is
m
s
tr
ig
g
er
ed
b
y
p
r
ed
ef
in
ed
th
r
esh
o
ld
co
n
d
itio
n
s
en
ab
le
f
aster
r
esp
o
n
s
es
f
r
o
m
waste
m
an
a
g
em
en
t
a
u
th
o
r
ities
,
r
ed
u
ci
n
g
th
e
r
is
k
o
f
waste
o
v
er
f
lo
w
an
d
ass
o
ciate
d
en
v
ir
o
n
m
en
ta
l
h
az
ar
d
s
[
1
1
]
.
I
n
a
d
d
itio
n
,
I
o
T
-
b
ased
en
v
i
r
o
n
m
e
n
tal
m
o
n
it
o
r
in
g
s
y
s
tem
s
co
n
tr
ib
u
te
t
o
p
u
b
l
ic
en
g
ag
em
e
n
t
an
d
en
v
ir
o
n
m
en
tal
e
d
u
ca
tio
n
,
ali
g
n
in
g
with
s
u
s
tain
ab
ilit
y
-
o
r
i
en
ted
en
g
i
n
ee
r
in
g
p
r
ac
tices
[
1
2
]
.
Desp
ite
th
ese
ad
v
an
ce
m
e
n
ts
,
lim
ited
r
esear
ch
h
as
a
d
d
r
ess
ed
th
e
co
m
b
in
atio
n
o
f
m
u
lti
-
p
ar
am
eter
waste
m
o
n
ito
r
in
g
,
r
ea
l
-
tim
e
n
o
tific
atio
n
,
a
n
d
p
r
elim
in
ar
y
u
s
ab
ilit
y
ev
alu
atio
n
with
in
a
s
in
g
le
in
teg
r
ated
s
y
s
tem
.
T
h
er
ef
o
r
e
,
th
is
s
tu
d
y
aim
s
to
d
esig
n
an
d
d
ev
elo
p
a
n
I
o
T
-
b
ased
waste
m
o
n
ito
r
in
g
an
d
n
o
tific
atio
n
s
y
s
tem
ca
p
ab
le
o
f
c
o
llectin
g
r
ea
l
-
tim
e
waste
-
r
elate
d
d
ata,
v
is
u
alizin
g
in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
th
r
o
u
g
h
a
clo
u
d
-
b
ased
p
latf
o
r
m
,
an
d
d
eliv
er
in
g
au
t
o
m
atic
aler
ts
wh
en
cr
itical
t
h
r
esh
o
ld
s
ar
e
r
ea
ch
ed
.
T
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
s
y
s
tem
is
ex
p
ec
ted
t
o
s
u
p
p
o
r
t
s
m
ar
t
en
v
ir
o
n
m
e
n
tal
m
an
a
g
em
en
t
b
y
in
teg
r
atin
g
wir
eless
s
en
s
o
r
n
e
two
r
k
s
,
clo
u
d
d
ata
p
r
o
ce
s
s
in
g
,
a
n
d
c
o
m
m
u
n
ity
p
ar
ticip
atio
n
,
t
h
er
eb
y
co
n
tr
ib
u
tin
g
to
s
u
s
tain
ab
le
u
r
b
an
waste
m
an
ag
em
en
t
p
r
ac
tices
[
1
3
]
.
T
h
e
n
o
v
elty
o
f
th
is
s
tu
d
y
lies
in
th
e
d
ev
elo
p
m
en
t
o
f
an
in
teg
r
ated
I
o
T
-
b
ased
waste
m
o
n
ito
r
in
g
s
y
s
tem
,
n
am
ely
s
m
ar
t
g
ar
b
a
g
e
l
ev
el
a
n
d
i
n
f
o
r
m
atio
n
h
ub
(
SIG
AL
I
H
)
,
wh
ich
co
m
b
i
n
es
m
u
lti
-
p
ar
a
m
eter
en
v
ir
o
n
m
en
tal
s
en
s
in
g
,
r
ea
l
-
tim
e
clo
u
d
v
is
u
aliza
tio
n
,
au
to
m
ated
m
ess
ag
in
g
-
b
ased
n
o
tific
atio
n
s
,
an
d
p
r
elim
in
ar
y
u
s
ab
ilit
y
ev
alu
ati
o
n
with
in
a
s
in
g
le
p
latf
o
r
m
.
Un
lik
e
m
o
s
t
ex
is
tin
g
s
y
s
te
m
s
th
at
em
p
h
asize
tech
n
ical
s
en
s
in
g
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
alo
n
e,
SIG
AL
I
H
ex
p
licit
ly
ad
d
r
ess
es
o
p
er
atio
n
al
u
s
ab
ilit
y
,
co
m
m
u
n
ity
-
o
r
ien
ted
d
ep
lo
y
m
en
t,
an
d
a
cc
ess
ib
ilit
y
f
o
r
n
o
n
-
tech
n
ica
l
u
s
er
s
.
T
h
is
in
teg
r
ated
p
er
s
p
ec
tiv
e
p
o
s
itio
n
s
SIG
AL
I
H
n
o
t
o
n
ly
as
a
te
ch
n
o
lo
g
ical
s
o
lu
tio
n
b
u
t
also
as
a
p
ar
ticip
ato
r
y
to
o
l
th
at
s
u
p
p
o
r
ts
s
m
ar
t
en
v
ir
o
n
m
en
tal
m
an
a
g
em
en
t
a
n
d
s
u
s
tain
ab
le
u
r
b
an
waste
m
an
ag
em
en
t
p
r
ac
tice
in
d
ev
elo
p
in
g
u
r
b
an
co
n
te
x
ts
.
Fu
r
th
er
m
o
r
e
,
th
e
im
p
lem
e
n
ta
tio
n
o
f
SIG
AL
I
H
is
in
teg
r
at
ed
in
to
an
E
n
v
ir
o
n
m
en
tal
E
d
u
ca
tio
n
lear
n
in
g
m
o
d
u
le,
en
a
b
lin
g
th
e
s
y
s
tem
to
f
u
n
ctio
n
n
o
t o
n
l
y
as a
m
o
n
ito
r
in
g
tech
n
o
lo
g
y
b
u
t a
ls
o
as a
co
n
tex
tu
al
lear
n
in
g
r
eso
u
r
ce
.
T
h
r
o
u
g
h
th
is
in
teg
r
atio
n
,
s
tu
d
en
ts
ca
n
d
i
r
ec
tly
e
x
p
lo
r
e
r
ea
l
-
tim
e
e
n
v
ir
o
n
m
en
t
al
d
ata,
u
n
d
er
s
tan
d
waste
m
an
ag
em
en
t
p
r
o
ce
s
s
es,
an
d
d
e
v
elo
p
e
n
v
ir
o
n
m
en
t
al
awa
r
en
ess
u
s
in
g
tec
h
n
o
l
o
g
y
-
b
ased
lea
r
n
in
g
m
ater
ials
.
T
h
is
ed
u
ca
tio
n
al
in
t
eg
r
atio
n
s
tr
en
g
t
h
en
s
th
e
p
r
ac
ti
ca
l
an
d
p
ed
a
g
o
g
ical
v
al
u
e
o
f
t
h
e
s
y
s
tem
,
lin
k
in
g
s
m
ar
t e
n
v
ir
o
n
m
en
tal
tech
n
o
lo
g
y
with
en
v
i
r
o
n
m
e
n
tal
liter
ac
y
d
ev
elo
p
m
en
t a
n
d
s
u
s
tain
ab
il
ity
ed
u
ca
tio
n
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
d
o
n
esian
J
E
lec
E
n
g
&
C
o
m
p
Sci
I
SS
N:
2502
-
4
7
5
2
Dev
elo
p
men
t o
f a
n
I
o
T
-
b
a
s
ed
w
a
s
te
mo
n
ito
r
in
g
a
n
d
n
o
tifi
ca
tio
n
s
ystem
fo
r
s
ma
r
t …
(
E
n
g
g
a
r
Uta
r
i
)
731
2.
M
E
T
H
O
D
I
n
th
is
s
tu
d
y
,
ADDI
E
is
em
p
lo
y
ed
as
a
s
tr
u
ctu
r
ed
d
ev
elo
p
m
en
t
f
r
am
ewo
r
k
to
g
u
id
e
s
y
s
tem
d
esig
n
an
d
v
alid
atio
n
,
r
ath
er
th
a
n
a
s
an
in
s
tr
u
ctio
n
al
ev
alu
atio
n
m
o
d
el.
T
h
is
s
tu
d
y
em
p
l
o
y
e
d
a
R
esear
ch
an
d
Dev
elo
p
m
en
t
(
R
&
D)
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
u
s
in
g
t
h
e
ADDI
E
m
o
d
el,
wh
ich
co
n
s
is
ts
o
f
f
iv
e
s
tag
es:
An
aly
s
is
,
Desig
n
,
Dev
elo
p
m
en
t,
I
m
p
lem
en
tatio
n
,
an
d
E
v
alu
atio
n
[
1
4
]
.
T
h
e
A
DDI
E
m
o
d
el
was
s
elec
ted
to
en
s
u
r
e
a
s
y
s
tem
atic
an
d
iter
ativ
e
d
ev
elo
p
m
en
t
p
r
o
ce
s
s
s
u
itab
le
f
o
r
d
esig
n
in
g
an
d
v
alid
atin
g
an
I
o
T
-
b
ased
p
r
o
t
o
ty
p
e.
Alth
o
u
g
h
all
s
tag
es
wer
e
co
n
d
u
ct
ed
,
th
is
r
esear
ch
em
p
h
asized
th
e
d
e
v
elo
p
m
en
t
an
d
e
v
alu
atio
n
s
tag
es,
as
th
e
p
r
im
ar
y
o
b
jectiv
e
was
to
p
r
o
d
u
ce
an
d
tech
n
ically
v
alid
ate
a
f
u
n
ctio
n
al
s
y
s
tem
r
ath
er
th
an
p
er
f
o
r
m
lar
g
e
-
s
ca
le
d
ep
lo
y
m
e
n
t.
T
h
e
o
v
er
all
r
esear
ch
wo
r
k
f
lo
w
b
ased
o
n
th
e
A
DDI
E
m
o
d
el
is
i
llu
s
tr
ated
in
Fig
u
r
e
1
.
T
h
e
r
esear
ch
was
co
n
d
u
cted
f
r
o
m
J
u
n
e
t
o
Au
g
u
s
t
2
0
2
5
a
t
th
e
Facu
lty
o
f
T
ea
ch
e
r
T
r
a
in
in
g
an
d
E
d
u
ca
tio
n
,
Un
iv
e
r
s
itas
Su
ltan
Ag
en
g
T
ir
tay
asa
(
UNT
I
R
T
A)
,
an
d
s
elec
ted
waste
co
llecti
o
n
p
o
in
ts
in
C
ip
ar
e
Villag
e,
Ser
an
g
C
ity
,
I
n
d
o
n
es
ia.
Par
t
icip
an
ts
co
n
s
is
ted
o
f
c
o
m
m
u
n
ity
r
ep
r
esen
tativ
es,
s
a
n
itatio
n
s
taf
f
,
lo
ca
l
lead
er
s
,
an
d
r
esid
en
ts
s
elec
ted
th
r
o
u
g
h
p
u
r
p
o
s
iv
e
s
am
p
lin
g
.
Stak
eh
o
ld
e
r
a
n
aly
s
is
was
ap
p
lied
to
en
s
u
r
e
th
a
t
p
ar
ticip
an
ts
r
ep
r
esen
te
d
ac
to
r
s
d
ir
ec
tly
in
v
o
lv
ed
in
l
o
ca
l
waste
m
an
ag
em
en
t
ac
tiv
ities
.
A
to
tal
o
f
2
5
r
esp
o
n
d
en
ts
p
a
r
ticip
ated
in
th
e
p
r
elim
in
ar
y
s
y
s
tem
u
s
ab
ilit
y
ev
alu
atio
n
.
T
h
e
an
al
y
s
is
s
tag
e
f
o
c
u
s
ed
o
n
id
en
tif
y
in
g
ex
is
tin
g
waste
m
an
ag
em
en
t
p
r
o
b
lem
s
a
n
d
s
y
s
te
m
r
eq
u
ir
em
e
n
ts
.
Data
wer
e
co
lle
cted
th
r
o
u
g
h
f
ield
o
b
s
er
v
atio
n
s
,
s
em
i
-
s
tr
u
ctu
r
ed
in
ter
v
iews
with
s
an
itatio
n
s
taf
f
an
d
co
m
m
u
n
ity
lea
d
er
s
,
an
d
an
aly
s
is
o
f
lo
ca
l
en
v
ir
o
n
m
en
tal
r
ep
o
r
ts
.
T
h
e
an
aly
s
is
r
ev
ea
led
th
at
waste
h
an
d
lin
g
ac
tiv
ities
wer
e
p
r
ed
o
m
in
an
tly
r
ea
ctiv
e
an
d
r
elied
o
n
m
an
u
al
r
ep
o
r
tin
g
m
ec
h
a
n
is
m
s
,
r
esu
ltin
g
in
d
elay
ed
r
esp
o
n
s
es
to
waste
a
cc
u
m
u
latio
n
.
Similar
lim
itatio
n
s
h
av
e
b
ee
n
r
e
p
o
r
te
d
in
o
th
e
r
d
ev
elo
p
i
n
g
u
r
b
a
n
ar
ea
s
,
wh
er
e
in
s
u
f
f
icien
t
d
ig
ital
in
f
r
astru
ctu
r
e
c
o
n
s
tr
ain
s
ef
f
ec
tiv
e
en
v
ir
o
n
m
en
tal
m
o
n
ito
r
i
n
g
[
9
]
,
[
1
5
]
,
[
1
6
]
.
T
h
ese
f
in
d
in
g
s
co
n
f
ir
m
ed
th
e
n
ec
ess
ity
o
f
a
r
ea
l
-
tim
e
waste
m
o
n
ito
r
in
g
s
y
s
tem
s
u
p
p
o
r
ted
b
y
I
o
T
tech
n
o
lo
g
y
to
im
p
r
o
v
e
r
esp
o
n
s
iv
en
ess
an
d
o
p
e
r
atio
n
al
ef
f
icien
c
y
.
Fig
u
r
e
1
.
ADDI
E
m
o
d
el
r
esea
r
ch
s
tag
es
T
h
e
o
v
er
all
r
esear
ch
w
o
r
k
f
l
o
w
b
ased
o
n
th
e
ADDI
E
m
o
d
el
is
illu
s
tr
ated
in
Fig
u
r
e
1
.
Du
r
in
g
th
e
d
esig
n
s
tag
e,
th
e
s
y
s
tem
ar
ch
itectu
r
e,
h
ar
d
war
e
co
n
f
ig
u
r
atio
n
,
d
ata
c
o
m
m
u
n
icatio
n
s
ch
em
e,
an
d
u
s
er
in
ter
f
ac
e
wer
e
d
ef
in
ed
.
T
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
s
y
s
tem
ad
o
p
ted
an
I
o
T
-
b
ase
d
ar
ch
itectu
r
e
co
n
s
is
tin
g
o
f
s
en
s
o
r
n
o
d
es,
a
m
icr
o
co
n
tr
o
ller
u
n
it,
cl
o
u
d
-
b
ased
d
ata
s
to
r
ag
e,
an
d
a
n
o
tific
atio
n
in
ter
f
ac
e.
T
h
e
h
ar
d
war
e
co
m
p
o
n
en
ts
in
clu
d
ed
an
u
ltra
s
o
n
ic
s
en
s
o
r
to
m
ea
s
u
r
e
waste
b
in
f
ill
lev
el,
a
DHT
2
2
s
en
s
o
r
to
m
o
n
ito
r
tem
p
er
atu
r
e
an
d
humi
d
ity
,
MQ
-
7
a
n
d
MQ
-
1
3
5
g
as
s
en
s
o
r
s
f
o
r
d
etec
tin
g
h
ar
m
f
u
l
g
as
co
n
ce
n
tr
atio
n
s
,
a
n
d
an
L
DR
s
en
s
o
r
f
o
r
am
b
ien
t
lig
h
t
d
etec
tio
n
.
An
E
SP
3
2
m
icr
o
co
n
tr
o
ller
was
u
s
ed
f
o
r
s
en
s
o
r
d
ata
ac
q
u
is
itio
n
,
p
r
ep
r
o
ce
s
s
in
g
,
an
d
wir
eless
d
ata
tr
an
s
m
is
s
io
n
.
Se
n
s
o
r
d
ata
wer
e
s
am
p
le
d
at
p
r
e
d
ef
in
ed
tim
e
in
te
r
v
als
an
d
tr
a
n
s
m
itted
v
ia
W
i
-
Fi
to
a
Fire
b
ase
clo
u
d
d
atab
as
e
f
o
r
r
ea
l
-
tim
e
s
to
r
a
g
e
a
n
d
v
is
u
aliza
tio
n
th
r
o
u
g
h
a
we
b
-
b
ased
d
ash
b
o
ar
d
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
5
0
2
-
4
7
5
2
I
n
d
o
n
esian
J
E
lec
E
n
g
&
C
o
m
p
Sci
,
Vo
l.
42
,
No
.
3
,
J
u
n
e
20
2
6
:
7
2
9
-
7
4
1
732
T
h
r
esh
o
ld
v
alu
es
wer
e
d
ef
i
n
ed
f
o
r
ea
ch
p
a
r
am
eter
to
tr
ig
g
er
au
to
m
atic
aler
ts
v
ia
a
n
i
n
teg
r
ated
T
ele
g
r
am
m
ess
ag
in
g
b
o
t.
User
in
ter
f
ac
e
d
esig
n
p
r
i
n
cip
les
wer
e
ap
p
lie
d
to
en
s
u
r
e
ac
ce
s
s
ib
ilit
y
an
d
e
ase
o
f
u
s
e
f
o
r
b
o
t
h
tech
n
ical
an
d
n
o
n
-
tec
h
n
ical
u
s
er
s
[
1
7
]
,
[
1
8
]
.
I
n
th
e
d
ev
elo
p
m
en
t
s
tag
e,
a
f
u
n
ctio
n
al
p
r
o
to
ty
p
e
n
am
e
d
SI
GAL
I
H
was
im
p
lem
en
ted
b
y
in
teg
r
atin
g
h
ar
d
war
e,
s
o
f
twar
e
,
an
d
n
et
wo
r
k
co
m
p
o
n
e
n
ts
.
T
h
e
E
SP
3
2
m
icr
o
c
o
n
tr
o
ller
was
p
r
o
g
r
am
m
ed
u
s
in
g
th
e
Ar
d
u
in
o
I
DE
to
m
an
ag
e
s
en
s
o
r
d
ata
ac
q
u
is
itio
n
,
p
r
ep
r
o
ce
s
s
in
g
,
an
d
tr
an
s
m
is
s
io
n
to
th
e
clo
u
d
s
er
v
er
.
Sen
s
o
r
ca
lib
r
atio
n
was
p
er
f
o
r
m
ed
to
im
p
r
o
v
e
m
ea
s
u
r
em
e
n
t
ac
c
u
r
a
cy
b
y
c
o
m
p
ar
in
g
s
en
s
o
r
r
ea
d
in
g
s
with
r
e
f
er
en
ce
in
s
tr
u
m
en
ts
u
n
d
er
c
o
n
tr
o
lled
co
n
d
itio
n
s
.
Fo
r
g
as
s
en
s
o
r
s
(
MQ
-
7
an
d
MQ
-
1
3
5
)
,
h
i
g
h
er
m
ea
s
u
r
em
en
t
v
ar
iab
ilit
y
was
o
b
s
er
v
ed
d
u
e
to
s
en
s
itiv
ity
to
tem
p
er
atu
r
e
an
d
h
u
m
id
ity
.
Su
ch
b
eh
a
v
io
r
h
as
b
ee
n
wid
ely
r
ep
o
r
ted
in
l
o
w
-
co
s
t
g
as
s
e
n
s
o
r
s
an
d
is
g
en
er
all
y
co
n
s
id
er
ed
ac
ce
p
tab
le
f
o
r
i
n
d
ica
tiv
e
en
v
ir
o
n
m
en
tal
m
o
n
ito
r
in
g
ap
p
licatio
n
s
.
Po
w
er
co
n
s
u
m
p
tio
n
was
o
p
tim
ize
d
b
y
in
te
g
r
atin
g
a
s
o
lar
p
an
el
an
d
b
atter
y
m
o
d
u
le
to
s
u
p
p
o
r
t su
s
tain
ab
le
o
p
er
atio
n
an
d
r
ed
u
ce
d
ep
en
d
en
ce
o
n
g
r
i
d
elec
tr
icity
.
Du
r
in
g
th
e
im
p
lem
en
tatio
n
p
h
ase,
th
e
d
ev
elo
p
ed
SIG
AL
I
H
p
r
o
to
ty
p
e
was
also
in
teg
r
ated
in
to
an
E
n
v
ir
o
n
m
en
tal
E
d
u
ca
tio
n
lear
n
in
g
m
o
d
u
le
aim
e
d
at
s
u
p
p
o
r
t
in
g
in
ter
ac
tiv
e
en
v
ir
o
n
m
en
tal
lear
n
in
g
.
T
h
e
web
-
b
ased
in
ter
f
ac
e
d
is
p
lay
ed
r
e
al
-
tim
e
waste
m
o
n
ito
r
in
g
d
a
ta,
in
clu
d
in
g
b
i
n
f
ill
lev
el
an
d
en
v
ir
o
n
m
en
tal
p
ar
am
eter
s
,
wh
ich
c
o
u
ld
b
e
u
t
ilized
in
en
v
ir
o
n
m
en
tal
ed
u
ca
t
io
n
ac
tiv
ities
f
o
r
s
tu
d
en
ts
an
d
th
e
g
en
er
al
p
u
b
lic.
At
th
e
cu
r
r
en
t
s
tag
e,
th
e
im
p
l
em
en
tatio
n
was
co
n
d
u
cte
d
o
n
a
lim
ited
s
ca
le
a
n
d
ap
p
lied
t
o
u
n
iv
e
r
s
ity
s
tu
d
en
ts
as
p
ar
t
o
f
a
p
ilo
t
lear
n
in
g
ac
ti
v
ity
.
T
h
is
p
r
elim
in
ar
y
d
ep
lo
y
m
en
t
allo
wed
s
tu
d
en
ts
to
in
ter
ac
t
d
ir
ec
tly
with
th
e
s
y
s
tem
wh
ile
ex
p
lo
r
in
g
r
ea
l
e
n
v
ir
o
n
m
en
tal
m
o
n
ito
r
in
g
d
ata
with
in
an
ed
u
ca
tio
n
al
co
n
tex
t.
Pre
v
io
u
s
s
tu
d
ies
in
d
icate
th
at
d
ir
ec
t
in
ter
ac
tio
n
with
r
ea
l
en
v
ir
o
n
m
en
tal
d
ata
en
h
an
ce
s
lear
n
er
s
’
p
r
o
b
lem
-
s
o
lv
in
g
ab
ilit
ies
an
d
cr
itical
th
in
k
in
g
s
k
ills
r
elate
d
to
s
u
s
tain
ab
ilit
y
is
s
u
es
[
1
8
]
.
T
h
is
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
alig
n
s
with
th
e
b
r
o
ad
er
o
b
jectiv
e
o
f
th
e
p
r
esen
t
s
tu
d
y
,
wh
ich
p
o
s
itio
n
s
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
s
y
s
tem
n
o
t
o
n
ly
as
a
tech
n
ical
m
o
n
ito
r
in
g
to
o
l
b
u
t
also
as
a
p
ed
ag
o
g
ical
m
ed
iu
m
to
p
r
o
m
o
te
en
v
ir
o
n
m
en
tal
awa
r
en
ess
a
n
d
co
m
m
u
n
ity
e
n
g
ag
e
m
en
t [
1
]
.
I
n
th
e
e
v
alu
atio
n
p
h
ase,
s
y
s
t
em
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
an
d
p
r
elim
i
n
ar
y
u
s
ab
ilit
y
ev
alu
atio
n
wer
e
ass
ess
e
d
th
r
o
u
g
h
p
r
eli
m
in
a
r
y
o
b
s
er
v
at
io
n
s
an
d
s
tr
u
ctu
r
ed
u
s
er
f
ee
d
b
ac
k
in
v
o
lv
in
g
c
o
m
m
u
n
ity
m
em
b
er
s
,
s
an
itatio
n
s
taf
f
,
an
d
ed
u
ca
tio
n
al
s
tak
eh
o
ld
er
s
.
T
h
e
ev
alu
atio
n
f
o
cu
s
ed
o
n
s
y
s
tem
f
u
n
ctio
n
ality
,
ea
s
e
o
f
u
s
e,
clar
ity
o
f
in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
p
r
esen
ted
o
n
th
e
d
ash
b
o
ar
d
,
an
d
th
e
p
e
r
ce
iv
ed
u
s
ef
u
ln
ess
o
f
r
ea
l
-
tim
e
n
o
tific
atio
n
s
.
User
-
ce
n
ter
ed
ass
ess
m
en
t
was
co
n
d
u
cted
t
o
ex
am
in
e
t
h
e
s
y
s
tem
’
s
p
o
ten
tial
f
o
r
b
r
o
ad
er
a
p
p
licatio
n
in
b
o
th
o
p
er
atio
n
al
waste
m
an
ag
em
e
n
t
an
d
en
v
i
r
o
n
m
e
n
tal
ed
u
ca
t
io
n
co
n
tex
ts
.
T
h
e
d
etailed
r
e
s
u
lts
o
f
f
u
n
ctio
n
al
test
in
g
,
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
e
v
alu
atio
n
,
an
d
u
s
ab
ilit
y
ass
ess
m
en
t
ar
e
p
r
esen
ted
a
n
d
d
is
cu
s
s
ed
i
n
Sectio
n
3
(
R
esu
lts
an
d
Dis
cu
s
s
io
n
)
.
3.
RE
SU
L
T
S AN
D
D
I
SCU
SS
I
O
N
T
h
is
s
ec
tio
n
p
r
esen
ts
a
n
d
d
is
cu
s
s
es
th
e
r
esu
lts
o
b
tain
ed
f
r
o
m
th
e
d
ev
elo
p
m
en
t
a
n
d
im
p
le
m
en
tatio
n
o
f
th
e
SIG
AL
I
H
s
y
s
t
em
.
T
h
e
d
is
cu
s
s
io
n
is
o
r
g
an
ized
to
r
ef
lect
th
e
r
esear
ch
wo
r
k
f
lo
w
,
s
tar
tin
g
f
r
o
m
th
e
an
aly
s
is
o
f
ex
is
tin
g
waste
m
an
ag
em
en
t
co
n
d
itio
n
s
an
d
s
tak
eh
o
ld
er
in
v
o
lv
em
en
t,
f
o
llo
wed
b
y
s
y
s
tem
d
ev
elo
p
m
e
n
t
an
d
im
p
lem
e
n
tatio
n
,
an
d
co
n
cl
u
d
in
g
with
s
y
s
tem
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
e
v
al
u
atio
n
an
d
cr
itical
d
is
cu
s
s
io
n
.
B
y
s
tr
u
ctu
r
in
g
th
e
r
esu
lts
in
th
is
m
an
n
er
,
th
e
s
ec
tio
n
h
ig
h
lig
h
ts
h
o
w
em
p
ir
ica
l
f
in
d
in
g
s
ad
d
r
ess
th
e
id
en
tifie
d
r
esear
ch
g
ap
s
a
n
d
d
e
m
o
n
s
tr
ate
th
e
ef
f
ec
tiv
e
n
ess
o
f
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
I
o
T
-
b
ase
d
waste
m
o
n
ito
r
in
g
an
d
n
o
tific
atio
n
s
y
s
t
em
in
s
u
p
p
o
r
tin
g
s
m
ar
t e
n
v
ir
o
n
m
en
tal
m
an
ag
em
en
t.
3
.
1
.
Nee
ds
a
na
ly
s
is
a
nd
ex
is
t
ing
co
nd
it
io
ns
T
h
e
in
itial
s
tag
e
o
f
th
is
r
es
ea
r
ch
f
o
cu
s
ed
o
n
an
al
y
zin
g
co
m
m
u
n
ity
n
ee
d
s
an
d
ex
is
tin
g
waste
m
an
ag
em
en
t
c
o
n
d
itio
n
s
in
S
er
an
g
C
ity
.
Field
o
b
s
er
v
atio
n
s
an
d
d
o
c
u
m
en
t
an
al
y
s
is
i
n
d
icate
th
at
waste
h
an
d
lin
g
p
r
ac
tices
r
em
ain
p
r
e
d
o
m
in
an
tly
m
an
u
al
an
d
r
ea
ctiv
e,
r
ely
in
g
o
n
f
ix
e
d
co
llectio
n
s
ch
ed
u
les
r
ath
e
r
th
an
r
ea
l
-
tim
e
co
n
d
itio
n
-
b
ased
m
o
n
ito
r
in
g
.
Similar
lim
itati
o
n
s
h
av
e
b
ee
n
r
ep
o
r
ted
in
o
th
er
d
ev
elo
p
in
g
u
r
b
a
n
ar
ea
s
,
wh
er
e
th
e
ab
s
en
ce
o
f
d
ig
ital
m
o
n
ito
r
in
g
s
y
s
tem
s
r
ed
u
ce
s
o
p
e
r
atio
n
al
ef
f
icien
cy
an
d
in
cr
ea
s
es
en
v
ir
o
n
m
en
tal
p
o
llu
ti
o
n
r
is
k
s
[
1
6
]
.
I
n
Ser
an
g
C
ity
,
waste
tr
an
s
p
o
r
tatio
n
in
f
r
astru
ctu
r
e
,
in
clu
d
i
n
g
g
ar
b
ag
e
t
r
u
ck
s
,
m
o
to
r
ca
r
ts
,
a
n
d
h
ea
v
y
eq
u
ip
m
en
t
is
r
elativ
ely
ad
eq
u
ate;
h
o
wev
e
r
,
its
u
tili
za
tio
n
r
em
ain
s
s
u
b
o
p
tim
al
d
u
e
to
m
an
u
al
s
ch
ed
u
lin
g
,
lim
ited
in
ter
-
ag
en
cy
co
o
r
d
in
atio
n
,
an
d
th
e
a
b
s
en
ce
o
f
ea
r
ly
-
war
n
in
g
m
ec
h
an
is
m
s
[
5
]
,
[
1
7
]
.
T
a
b
le
1
s
u
m
m
ar
izes
th
e
av
ailab
le
waste
tr
an
s
p
o
r
tatio
n
f
ac
ilit
ies
ac
r
o
s
s
s
ev
er
al
d
is
tr
icts
.
T
h
ese
f
in
d
in
g
s
s
u
g
g
est
th
at
th
e
m
ain
ch
allen
g
e
lies
n
o
t
in
in
f
r
astru
ctu
r
e
av
ail
ab
ilit
y
,
b
u
t
in
th
e
lack
o
f
d
ata
-
d
r
iv
en
d
e
cisi
o
n
-
m
ak
in
g
an
d
r
ea
l
-
tim
e
m
o
n
ito
r
in
g
s
y
s
tem
s
ca
p
ab
le
o
f
i
d
en
tify
in
g
cr
itical
waste
ac
cu
m
u
latio
n
p
o
in
ts
.
3
.
2
.
So
cia
l
m
a
pp
ing
a
nd
s
t
a
k
eho
lder
pa
rt
icipa
t
io
n
Stak
eh
o
ld
er
m
a
p
p
in
g
was
co
n
d
u
cted
to
id
en
tify
k
ey
ac
t
o
r
s
i
n
v
o
lv
e
d
in
e
n
v
ir
o
n
m
en
tal
m
a
n
ag
em
en
t,
in
clu
d
in
g
lo
ca
l
g
o
v
e
r
n
m
e
n
t
o
f
f
icials,
co
m
m
u
n
ity
lea
d
er
s
,
ed
u
ca
to
r
s
,
a
n
d
y
o
u
th
o
r
g
a
n
iz
atio
n
s
.
T
h
e
r
esu
lts
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
d
o
n
esian
J
E
lec
E
n
g
&
C
o
m
p
Sci
I
SS
N:
2502
-
4
7
5
2
Dev
elo
p
men
t o
f a
n
I
o
T
-
b
a
s
ed
w
a
s
te
mo
n
ito
r
in
g
a
n
d
n
o
tifi
ca
tio
n
s
ystem
fo
r
s
ma
r
t …
(
E
n
g
g
a
r
Uta
r
i
)
733
s
h
o
w
th
at
v
illag
e
h
ea
d
s
,
r
elig
i
o
u
s
lead
er
s
,
an
d
tr
ad
itio
n
al
el
d
er
s
h
o
ld
s
ig
n
if
ican
t
in
f
lu
e
n
ce
in
d
ec
is
io
n
-
m
a
k
in
g
p
r
o
ce
s
s
es,
wh
ile
y
o
u
th
g
r
o
u
p
s
an
d
ed
u
ca
to
r
s
d
em
o
n
s
tr
a
te
h
ig
h
e
n
v
ir
o
n
m
en
tal
awa
r
en
ess
b
u
t
lim
ited
in
s
titu
tio
n
al
au
th
o
r
ity
.
T
h
is
p
atter
n
is
co
n
s
is
ten
t
with
p
r
ev
i
o
u
s
s
tu
d
ies
em
p
h
asizin
g
th
e
im
p
o
r
ta
n
ce
o
f
s
o
ci
o
-
cu
ltu
r
al
en
g
ag
em
e
n
t
an
d
lo
ca
l
lead
e
r
s
h
ip
in
th
e
s
u
cc
ess
o
f
co
m
m
u
n
ity
-
b
ased
en
v
ir
o
n
m
en
t
al
p
r
o
g
r
am
s
[
1
9
]
.
Ob
s
er
v
atio
n
s
in
C
ip
ar
e
Villa
g
e
r
ev
ea
led
m
ix
e
d
waste
d
is
p
o
s
al
b
eh
av
io
r
s
:
wh
ile
s
o
m
e
r
esid
en
ts
s
till
d
u
m
p
waste
in
to
r
iv
er
s
o
r
b
u
r
n
g
ar
b
ag
e
,
ca
u
s
in
g
air
an
d
wate
r
p
o
llu
tio
n
[
1
8
]
.
Oth
er
s
h
av
e
ad
o
p
ted
3
R
(
R
ed
u
ce
,
R
eu
s
e,
R
ec
y
cle)
p
r
ac
tices a
n
d
ac
tiv
ely
p
ar
ticip
ate
in
waste
-
b
an
k
in
itiativ
es
[
2
0
]
.
Fig
u
r
e
2
illu
s
tr
ates
th
e
co
n
d
iti
o
n
o
f
C
ip
ar
e
R
T
0
3
/R
W
1
4
,
wh
ic
h
p
ar
ticip
ates
in
th
e
K
a
m
p
u
n
g
R
esik
d
a
n
A
ma
n
p
r
o
g
r
am
.
Alth
o
u
g
h
th
is
in
itiativ
e
p
r
o
m
o
tes
en
v
ir
o
n
m
en
tal
r
esp
o
n
s
ib
ilit
y
,
p
er
io
d
ic
f
lo
o
d
in
g
an
d
waste
ac
cu
m
u
latio
n
p
er
s
is
t,
i
n
d
icatin
g
th
at
b
eh
a
v
io
r
al
ch
a
n
g
e
alo
n
e
is
in
s
u
f
f
icien
t
with
o
u
t
tech
n
o
lo
g
ical
r
ein
f
o
r
ce
m
e
n
t
an
d
s
tr
u
ctu
r
e
d
d
ata
m
o
n
ito
r
in
g
[
7
]
.
Similar
l
im
itatio
n
s
h
av
e
b
ee
n
r
e
p
o
r
ted
in
o
th
e
r
So
u
th
ea
s
t
Asi
an
cities,
wh
er
e
co
n
v
en
tio
n
al
co
m
m
u
n
ity
-
b
ased
p
r
o
g
r
a
m
s
f
ailed
to
ac
h
ie
v
e
lo
n
g
-
ter
m
im
p
ac
t
d
u
e
to
th
e
ab
s
en
ce
o
f
c
o
n
tin
u
o
u
s
m
o
n
ito
r
in
g
an
d
ac
co
u
n
tab
ilit
y
m
ec
h
a
n
is
m
s
[
1
7
]
,
[
2
1
]
.
Fig
u
r
e
3
p
r
esen
ts
th
e
d
is
tr
ib
u
tio
n
o
f
waste
b
an
k
s
i
n
Ser
an
g
Dis
tr
ict,
s
h
o
win
g
th
at
o
n
ly
f
o
u
r
o
u
t
o
f
n
in
e
r
e
g
is
ter
ed
f
ac
ilit
ies
ar
e
f
u
lly
o
p
er
atio
n
al.
Prio
r
s
tu
d
ies
in
d
icate
th
at
waste
-
b
an
k
s
u
s
t
ain
ab
ilit
y
d
e
p
en
d
s
h
ea
v
ily
o
n
lead
er
s
h
ip
q
u
ality
,
co
m
m
u
n
ity
en
g
ag
em
en
t,
an
d
th
e
in
teg
r
atio
n
o
f
d
ig
ital
tr
ac
k
in
g
s
y
s
tem
s
[
1
6
]
.
T
h
ese
f
in
d
in
g
s
ju
s
tify
th
e
n
ee
d
f
o
r
I
o
T
-
b
ased
m
o
n
ito
r
in
g
to
s
tr
en
g
th
en
tr
an
s
p
ar
en
c
y
,
co
o
r
d
in
ati
o
n
,
an
d
o
p
er
atio
n
al
e
f
f
icien
cy
.
T
ab
le
1
.
Su
p
p
o
r
tin
g
f
ac
ilit
ies f
o
r
waste
tr
an
s
p
o
r
tatio
n
i
n
Ser
a
n
g
C
ity
No
V
i
l
l
a
g
e
/
O
f
f
i
c
e
Ty
p
e
o
f
v
e
h
i
c
l
e
Q
u
a
n
t
i
t
y
1
En
v
i
r
o
n
m
e
n
t
a
l
a
g
e
n
c
y
o
f
S
e
r
a
n
g
C
i
t
y
G
a
r
b
a
g
e
t
r
u
c
k
23
A
mr
o
l
t
r
u
c
k
12
Ex
c
a
v
a
t
o
r
3
B
u
l
l
d
o
z
e
r
2
S
h
o
v
e
l
1
2
S
e
r
a
n
g
d
i
s
t
r
i
c
t
M
o
t
o
r
c
a
r
t
(
C
a
t
o
r
)
1
3
K
a
l
i
g
a
n
d
u
C
a
t
o
r
a
n
d
h
a
n
d
c
a
r
t
1
4
C
i
p
a
r
e
C
a
t
o
r
a
n
d
h
a
n
d
c
a
r
t
2
5
Te
r
o
n
d
o
l
C
a
t
o
r
2
6
U
n
y
u
r
C
a
t
o
r
a
n
d
h
a
n
d
c
a
r
t
2
7
S
e
r
a
n
g
C
a
t
o
r
1
8
K
a
g
u
n
g
a
n
B
a
s
k
e
t
1
9
C
i
m
u
n
c
a
n
g
B
a
s
k
e
t
1
10
Lo
p
a
n
g
C
a
t
o
r
2
11
Lo
n
t
a
r
B
a
r
u
C
a
t
o
r
1
12
K
o
t
a
b
a
r
u
B
a
s
k
e
t
1
Fig
u
r
e
2
.
E
n
v
ir
o
n
m
en
tal
co
n
d
i
tio
n
o
f
C
ip
ar
e
R
T
0
3
/R
W
1
4
p
ar
ticip
atin
g
in
th
e
Kam
p
u
n
g
R
esik
d
an
Am
an
p
r
o
g
r
a
m
3
.
3
.
Dev
el
o
pm
ent
o
f
t
he
SI
G
AL
I
H
s
y
s
t
em
T
o
ad
d
r
ess
th
e
id
e
n
tifie
d
n
e
ed
s
,
an
I
o
T
-
b
ased
p
r
o
to
ty
p
e
n
am
ed
SIG
AL
I
H
was
d
e
v
el
o
p
ed
.
T
h
e
s
y
s
tem
was
d
esig
n
ed
as
a
l
o
w
-
co
s
t,
m
o
d
u
lar
s
o
lu
tio
n
ca
p
ab
le
o
f
m
o
n
ito
r
in
g
waste
v
o
l
u
m
e,
e
n
v
ir
o
n
m
en
tal
co
n
d
itio
n
s
,
an
d
h
az
ar
d
o
u
s
g
a
s
em
is
s
io
n
s
in
r
ea
l
tim
e.
Fig
u
r
e
4
illu
s
tr
ates
th
e
o
v
er
all
s
y
s
tem
ar
ch
itectu
r
e,
in
clu
d
in
g
s
en
s
o
r
in
teg
r
atio
n
,
h
ar
d
war
e
co
n
f
ig
u
r
atio
n
,
a
n
d
d
at
a
co
m
m
u
n
icatio
n
f
lo
w
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
5
0
2
-
4
7
5
2
I
n
d
o
n
esian
J
E
lec
E
n
g
&
C
o
m
p
Sci
,
Vo
l.
42
,
No
.
3
,
J
u
n
e
20
2
6
:
7
2
9
-
7
4
1
734
Fig
u
r
e
3
.
Dis
tr
ib
u
tio
n
o
f
wast
e
b
an
k
s
in
Ser
an
g
d
is
tr
ict
SIG
AL
I
H
in
teg
r
ates
an
u
ltra
s
o
n
ic
s
en
s
o
r
f
o
r
waste
v
o
lu
m
e
m
ea
s
u
r
em
en
t,
a
DHT
2
2
s
en
s
o
r
f
o
r
tem
p
er
atu
r
e
an
d
h
u
m
id
ity
m
o
n
ito
r
in
g
,
an
d
MQ
-
s
er
ies
g
as
s
en
s
o
r
s
f
o
r
d
etec
tin
g
h
az
ar
d
o
u
s
g
ases
.
Sen
s
o
r
d
at
a
ar
e
tr
an
s
m
itted
v
ia
an
E
SP
3
2
m
icr
o
co
n
tr
o
ller
to
a
clo
u
d
-
b
as
ed
Fire
b
a
s
e
p
latf
o
r
m
f
o
r
r
ea
l
-
t
im
e
v
is
u
aliza
tio
n
an
d
au
to
m
ated
n
o
tific
atio
n
s
.
An
aler
t
is
tr
ig
g
e
r
ed
wh
e
n
th
e
waste
b
in
r
ea
c
h
es
8
5
%
o
f
its
ca
p
ac
ity
,
f
u
n
ctio
n
in
g
as
an
ea
r
ly
-
war
n
in
g
m
ec
h
an
is
m
th
at
en
ab
les
tim
ely
waste
co
llect
io
n
an
d
p
r
ev
en
ts
o
v
er
f
lo
w
co
n
d
itio
n
s
in
r
e
s
id
en
tial
a
n
d
e
d
u
ca
tio
n
al
e
n
v
ir
o
n
m
en
ts
.
Fu
r
t
h
er
m
o
r
e
,
th
e
s
y
s
tem
ar
ch
itect
u
r
e
is
d
esig
n
e
d
t
o
s
u
p
p
o
r
t f
u
tu
r
e
in
te
g
r
atio
n
o
f
a
r
tific
ial
in
tellig
en
ce
(
AI
)
alg
o
r
ith
m
s
f
o
r
an
aly
zi
n
g
waste
ac
cu
m
u
latio
n
p
atter
n
s
an
d
p
r
e
d
ictin
g
o
p
tim
al
co
llecti
o
n
s
ch
ed
u
les.
T
h
e
co
m
b
in
atio
n
o
f
I
o
T
-
b
ased
s
en
s
in
g
an
d
AI
-
d
r
iv
en
p
r
ed
ictiv
e
an
aly
tics
alig
n
s
with
in
ter
n
ati
o
n
al
s
m
ar
t
-
city
p
r
ac
tices
th
at
em
p
h
asize
d
ata
-
d
r
iv
en
r
eso
u
r
c
e
o
p
tim
izatio
n
an
d
p
r
o
ac
tiv
e
en
v
ir
o
n
m
en
tal
m
an
a
g
em
en
t
[
2
]
,
[
3
]
.
T
h
e
o
v
er
all
s
y
s
tem
ar
ch
itectu
r
e
an
d
r
eq
u
ir
e
d
h
ar
d
wa
r
e
co
m
p
o
n
e
n
ts
o
f
SIG
AL
I
H
ar
e
ill
u
s
tr
ated
in
Fig
u
r
e
4
,
wh
ich
p
r
esen
ts
th
e
in
teg
r
atio
n
o
f
m
u
lti
-
s
en
s
o
r
m
o
d
u
les,
E
SP
3
2
m
icr
o
co
n
t
r
o
ller
,
clo
u
d
d
atab
ase,
an
d
n
o
tific
atio
n
s
er
v
ices.
T
h
is
m
o
d
u
lar
ar
ch
itectu
r
e
allo
ws
f
l
ex
ib
le
d
ep
l
o
y
m
en
t
an
d
s
ca
lab
il
ity
,
m
ak
in
g
th
e
s
y
s
tem
s
u
itab
le
f
o
r
co
m
m
u
n
it
y
-
b
ased
an
d
ed
u
ca
tio
n
al
en
v
ir
o
n
m
en
ts
.
T
h
e
p
h
y
s
ical
im
p
lem
en
tatio
n
o
f
th
e
I
o
T
waste
m
o
n
ito
r
in
g
d
ev
ice
is
s
h
o
wn
in
Fig
u
r
e
4
,
wh
er
e
th
e
p
r
o
to
ty
p
e
is
in
teg
r
ated
with
t
h
e
SIG
AL
I
H
web
p
latf
o
r
m
(
h
ttp
://www.
s
ig
alih
.
s
i
te/
)
.
T
h
e
p
latf
o
r
m
,
d
e
v
elo
p
e
d
co
llab
o
r
ativ
ely
b
y
th
e
Facu
lt
y
o
f
T
ea
ch
e
r
T
r
ai
n
in
g
an
d
E
d
u
ca
tio
n
,
Un
iv
er
s
itas
Su
ltan
Ag
en
g
T
ir
tay
asa
(
UNT
I
R
T
A)
,
p
r
o
v
id
es
r
ea
l
-
t
im
e
d
ata
v
is
u
aliza
tio
n
an
d
s
u
p
p
o
r
ts
co
m
m
u
n
ity
-
b
ased
waste
m
an
ag
em
en
t
in
itiativ
es.
B
u
ilt
u
s
in
g
lo
w
-
c
o
s
t
co
m
p
o
n
en
ts
an
d
a
m
o
d
u
l
ar
d
esig
n
,
th
e
SIG
AL
I
H
p
r
o
to
ty
p
e
e
n
ab
les
lo
ca
l
f
ab
r
icatio
n
,
m
ain
ten
a
n
ce
,
an
d
f
u
tu
r
e
s
y
s
tem
ex
p
an
s
io
n
,
t
h
er
eb
y
f
o
s
ter
in
g
co
m
m
u
n
ity
em
p
o
wer
m
en
t
an
d
s
u
s
tain
ab
ilit
y
.
T
h
e
r
ea
l
-
tim
e
m
o
n
ito
r
in
g
in
ter
f
ac
e
d
is
p
lay
e
d
o
n
th
e
SIG
AL
I
H
web
d
ash
b
o
ar
d
is
p
r
esen
ted
in
Fig
u
r
e
5
.
T
h
e
d
ash
b
o
ar
d
allo
ws
u
s
er
s
to
co
n
tin
u
o
u
s
ly
m
o
n
ito
r
waste
v
o
lu
m
e,
tem
p
er
at
u
r
e
,
an
d
g
as
em
is
s
io
n
s
in
an
in
tu
itiv
e
an
d
ac
ce
s
s
ib
le
m
an
n
er
.
Pre
v
io
u
s
s
tu
d
ies
co
n
d
u
cted
in
Sp
ain
an
d
Sin
g
ap
o
r
e
in
d
icate
th
at
p
u
b
lic
ac
ce
s
s
to
r
ea
l
-
tim
e
en
v
ir
o
n
m
e
n
tal
d
ash
b
o
ar
d
s
en
h
an
ce
s
tr
an
s
p
ar
en
cy
,
ac
co
u
n
tab
ilit
y
,
a
n
d
citizen
p
ar
ticip
atio
n
in
waste
r
ed
u
ctio
n
p
r
o
g
r
am
s
[
2
2
]
.
T
o
s
u
p
p
o
r
t
s
p
atial
an
aly
s
is
an
d
d
ec
is
io
n
-
m
a
k
in
g
,
th
e
d
ep
lo
y
m
en
t
d
is
tr
ib
u
tio
n
o
f
SIG
AL
I
H
d
ev
ices
ac
r
o
s
s
f
iv
e
s
tr
ateg
ic
lo
ca
tio
n
s
is
v
i
s
u
alize
d
in
Fig
u
r
e
6
.
T
h
ese
lo
ca
tio
n
s
in
clu
d
e
b
o
th
ed
u
ca
tio
n
al
an
d
r
esid
en
tial
ar
ea
s
,
en
ab
lin
g
c
o
m
p
ar
ativ
e
an
aly
s
is
o
f
wast
e
d
is
p
o
s
al
b
eh
a
v
io
r
in
d
i
f
f
er
en
t
s
o
cial
co
n
tex
ts
.
Geo
s
p
atial
v
is
u
aliza
tio
n
h
as
b
ee
n
s
h
o
wn
to
im
p
r
o
v
e
s
it
u
atio
n
al
awa
r
e
n
ess
an
d
s
u
p
p
o
r
t
ev
i
d
en
ce
-
b
ased
p
o
licy
m
ak
in
g
in
u
r
b
an
en
v
ir
o
n
m
en
tal
m
an
a
g
em
en
t
[
1
7
]
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
d
o
n
esian
J
E
lec
E
n
g
&
C
o
m
p
Sci
I
SS
N:
2502
-
4
7
5
2
Dev
elo
p
men
t o
f a
n
I
o
T
-
b
a
s
ed
w
a
s
te
mo
n
ito
r
in
g
a
n
d
n
o
tifi
ca
tio
n
s
ystem
fo
r
s
ma
r
t …
(
E
n
g
g
a
r
Uta
r
i
)
735
Fig
u
r
e
4
.
I
o
T
waste
m
o
n
ito
r
in
g
p
r
o
d
u
cts
Fig
u
r
e
5
.
R
eq
u
ir
e
d
co
m
p
o
n
e
n
t
s
an
d
p
r
o
d
u
ct
d
esig
n
Fig
u
r
e
6
.
R
ea
l
-
tim
e
m
o
n
ito
r
in
g
d
ash
b
o
a
r
d
o
f
th
e
SIG
AL
I
H
s
y
s
tem
s
h
o
win
g
waste
lev
el
an
d
en
v
i
r
o
n
m
e
n
tal
p
ar
am
eter
s
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
5
0
2
-
4
7
5
2
I
n
d
o
n
esian
J
E
lec
E
n
g
&
C
o
m
p
Sci
,
Vo
l.
42
,
No
.
3
,
J
u
n
e
20
2
6
:
7
2
9
-
7
4
1
736
Fig
u
r
e
6
.
Dis
tr
ib
u
tio
n
m
ap
o
f
SIG
AL
I
H
p
lace
m
en
t lo
ca
tio
n
s
An
ex
am
p
le
o
f
th
e
r
ea
l
-
tim
e
o
p
er
atio
n
al
s
tatu
s
o
f
all
in
s
talled
s
m
ar
t
tr
ash
ca
n
d
ev
ices
is
s
h
o
wn
i
n
Fig
u
r
e
7
.
T
h
is
in
ter
f
ac
e
d
is
p
la
y
s
ea
ch
d
ev
ice’
s
f
ill
lev
el
an
d
en
v
ir
o
n
m
en
tal
in
d
icato
r
s
,
f
u
n
c
tio
n
in
g
n
o
t
o
n
l
y
as
a
m
o
n
ito
r
in
g
to
o
l
b
u
t
also
a
s
a
p
ed
a
g
o
g
ical
i
n
s
tr
u
m
en
t.
Allo
win
g
s
tu
d
en
ts
an
d
co
m
m
u
n
ity
m
em
b
er
s
to
in
ter
ac
t
d
ir
ec
tly
with
liv
e
en
v
ir
o
n
m
e
n
tal
d
ata
s
u
p
p
o
r
ts
e
x
p
er
ien
tial
lear
n
in
g
,
wh
ich
h
as
b
ee
n
p
r
o
v
en
t
o
en
h
an
ce
u
n
d
er
s
tan
d
in
g
,
c
r
itical
th
in
k
in
g
,
an
d
e
n
g
ag
e
m
en
t in
s
u
s
tain
ab
ilit
y
-
r
elate
d
to
p
ics
[
1
8
]
.
Fig
u
r
e
7
.
E
x
am
p
le
o
f
r
ea
l
-
tim
e
s
tatu
s
o
f
all
in
s
talled
s
m
ar
t tr
ash
ca
n
d
ev
ices
3
.
4
.
Sy
s
t
e
m
perf
o
r
m
a
nce
ev
a
lua
t
io
n
T
h
e
SIG
AL
I
H
p
r
o
to
ty
p
e
u
n
d
er
wen
t
a
c
o
m
p
r
e
h
en
s
iv
e
p
e
r
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
ev
alu
atio
n
to
ass
ess
s
en
s
o
r
ac
cu
r
ac
y
,
d
ata
tr
an
s
m
is
s
io
n
laten
cy
,
n
etwo
r
k
r
eliab
ilit
y
,
a
n
d
f
u
n
ctio
n
al
c
o
r
r
ec
tn
ess
.
Sen
s
o
r
ca
lib
r
atio
n
was
co
n
d
u
cte
d
th
r
o
u
g
h
r
e
p
ea
ted
f
ield
tr
ials
b
y
c
o
m
p
a
r
in
g
s
en
s
o
r
r
ea
d
in
g
s
with
r
ef
er
e
n
ce
m
ea
s
u
r
em
e
n
ts
.
T
h
e
ca
lib
r
atio
n
an
d
ac
cu
r
ac
y
r
esu
lt
s
ar
e
s
u
m
m
ar
ized
in
T
a
b
le
2
.
T
ab
le
2
.
Sen
s
o
r
ca
lib
r
atio
n
a
n
d
ac
cu
r
ac
y
r
esu
lts
S
e
n
s
o
r
t
y
p
e
M
e
a
su
r
e
d
p
a
r
a
me
t
e
r
Tr
u
e
v
a
l
u
e
S
e
n
s
o
r
r
e
a
d
i
n
g
Er
r
o
r
(
%)
A
c
c
u
r
a
c
y
(
%)
D
H
T2
2
Te
mp
e
r
a
t
u
r
e
(
°
C
)
30
2
9
.
3
2
.
3
9
7
.
7
D
H
T2
2
H
u
mi
d
i
t
y
(
%)
65
6
3
.
5
2
.
3
9
7
.
7
MQ
-
1
3
5
C
O
₂ (p
p
m)
4
1
0
3
9
5
3
.
7
9
6
.
3
MQ
-
7
C
O
(
p
p
m)
8
7
.
6
5
95
LD
R
Li
g
h
t
I
n
t
e
n
si
t
y
(
l
u
x
)
1
2
0
1
1
8
1
.
7
9
8
.
3
U
l
t
r
a
s
o
n
i
c
H
C
-
S
R
0
4
D
i
st
a
n
c
e
(
c
m)
1
0
0
9
6
.
8
3
.
2
9
6
.
8
A
v
e
r
a
g
e
A
c
c
u
r
a
c
y
—
—
—
—
9
6
.
8
0
%
B
ased
o
n
r
ep
ea
ted
f
ield
tr
ials
,
th
e
s
y
s
tem
ac
h
iev
ed
an
av
er
ag
e
ac
cu
r
ac
y
o
f
9
6
.
8
%,
d
em
o
n
s
tr
atin
g
g
o
o
d
alig
n
m
en
t
with
s
tan
d
a
r
d
I
o
T
-
b
ased
en
v
ir
o
n
m
e
n
tal
m
o
n
ito
r
in
g
r
esear
ch
[
1
]
.
T
h
e
DHT
2
2
s
en
s
o
r
d
em
o
n
s
tr
ated
s
tab
le
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
with
m
in
im
al
d
ev
iatio
n
,
co
n
f
ir
m
in
g
its
s
u
itab
ilit
y
f
o
r
tem
p
er
atu
r
e
an
d
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
d
o
n
esian
J
E
lec
E
n
g
&
C
o
m
p
Sci
I
SS
N:
2502
-
4
7
5
2
Dev
elo
p
men
t o
f a
n
I
o
T
-
b
a
s
ed
w
a
s
te
mo
n
ito
r
in
g
a
n
d
n
o
tifi
ca
tio
n
s
ystem
fo
r
s
ma
r
t …
(
E
n
g
g
a
r
Uta
r
i
)
737
h
u
m
id
ity
m
o
n
ito
r
in
g
.
I
n
co
n
t
r
ast,
th
e
MQ
-
1
3
5
an
d
MQ
-
7
g
as
s
en
s
o
r
s
ex
h
ib
ited
s
lig
h
tly
h
ig
h
er
er
r
o
r
r
ates,
wh
ich
ca
n
b
e
attr
ib
u
te
d
to
t
h
e
ir
s
en
s
itiv
ity
to
am
b
ien
t
te
m
p
er
atu
r
e
an
d
h
u
m
id
ity
f
lu
ctu
ati
o
n
s
.
Su
ch
b
eh
av
i
o
r
h
as
b
ee
n
wid
ely
r
ep
o
r
ted
in
lo
w
-
co
s
t
g
as
s
en
s
o
r
s
a
n
d
is
co
n
s
id
er
ed
ac
ce
p
tab
le
f
o
r
in
d
icativ
e
air
-
q
u
ality
m
o
n
ito
r
in
g
ap
p
licatio
n
s
.
L
aten
cy
test
in
g
was
co
n
d
u
cte
d
to
m
ea
s
u
r
e
th
e
tim
e
d
ela
y
b
etwe
en
s
en
s
o
r
d
ata
ac
q
u
is
itio
n
an
d
d
at
a
v
is
u
aliza
tio
n
o
n
th
e
Fire
b
ase
c
lo
u
d
d
ash
b
o
ar
d
.
T
h
e
r
esu
lts
s
h
o
w
an
av
e
r
ag
e
d
ata
t
r
an
s
m
is
s
io
n
laten
cy
o
f
1
.
8
4
s
ec
o
n
d
s
,
wh
ile
th
e
T
eleg
r
a
m
n
o
tific
atio
n
d
ela
y
av
er
a
g
ed
2
.
1
4
s
ec
o
n
d
s
.
T
h
ese
v
alu
es
f
all
with
in
ac
ce
p
tab
le
th
r
esh
o
ld
s
f
o
r
s
m
ar
t e
n
v
ir
o
n
m
en
tal
m
o
n
ito
r
in
g
s
y
s
tem
s
an
d
s
u
p
p
o
r
t n
ea
r
r
ea
l
-
tim
e
d
ec
is
io
n
-
m
ak
in
g
[
2
3
]
,
Netwo
r
k
s
tr
ess
test
in
g
u
n
d
er
v
ar
y
in
g
W
i
-
Fi
s
ig
n
al
co
n
d
itio
n
s
d
em
o
n
s
tr
ated
th
at
th
e
E
SP
3
2
-
Fire
b
ase
ar
ch
itectu
r
e
m
ai
n
tain
ed
s
tab
l
e
co
m
m
u
n
icatio
n
with
o
u
t
p
e
r
m
an
en
t
d
is
co
n
n
ec
tio
n
.
T
h
e
s
y
s
tem
was
ab
le
to
r
ec
o
n
n
ec
t
au
to
m
atica
lly
an
d
s
y
n
ch
r
o
n
ize
b
u
f
f
e
r
ed
d
ata
af
ter
tem
p
o
r
ar
y
n
etwo
r
k
in
ter
r
u
p
tio
n
s
,
in
d
icatin
g
r
o
b
u
s
tn
ess
f
o
r
o
u
td
o
o
r
d
ep
lo
y
m
en
t scen
ar
io
s
.
Fu
n
ctio
n
al
v
e
r
if
icatio
n
was
p
er
f
o
r
m
e
d
u
s
in
g
b
lac
k
-
b
o
x
test
in
g
to
v
alid
ate
s
y
s
tem
b
eh
av
i
o
r
with
o
u
t
ex
am
in
in
g
in
ter
n
al
co
d
e
s
tr
u
c
tu
r
es.
T
h
e
test
s
ce
n
ar
io
s
an
d
o
u
tco
m
es
ar
e
p
r
esen
ted
i
n
T
a
b
le
3
.
All
f
u
n
ctio
n
al
m
o
d
u
les
ac
h
iev
ed
a
1
0
0
%
s
u
cc
ess
r
ate,
co
n
f
ir
m
in
g
th
at
SIG
AL
I
H
r
eliab
ly
p
er
f
o
r
m
s
s
en
s
in
g
,
d
ata
tr
an
s
m
is
s
io
n
,
v
is
u
aliza
tio
n
,
an
d
n
o
tific
atio
n
task
s
,
an
d
is
tech
n
ically
r
ea
d
y
f
o
r
r
ea
l
-
wo
r
ld
d
ep
lo
y
m
en
t.
T
ab
le
3
.
SIG
AL
I
H
b
lack
-
b
o
x
test
in
g
r
esu
lts
No
F
u
n
c
t
i
o
n
t
e
s
t
e
d
Ex
p
e
c
t
e
d
r
e
su
l
t
Te
st
r
e
su
l
t
S
t
a
t
u
s
1
U
l
t
r
a
s
o
n
i
c
se
n
so
r
d
e
t
e
c
t
s
v
o
l
u
m
e
>
8
5
%
N
o
t
i
f
i
c
a
t
i
o
n
s
e
n
t
S
u
c
c
e
ssf
u
l
✅
2
D
H
T2
2
se
n
so
r
r
e
a
d
s
t
e
m
p
e
r
a
t
u
r
e
D
a
t
a
d
i
sp
l
a
y
e
d
o
n
d
a
s
h
b
o
a
r
d
S
u
c
c
e
ssf
u
l
✅
3
M
Q
7
&
M
Q
-
1
3
5
s
e
n
s
o
r
d
e
t
e
c
t
s
h
a
z
a
r
d
o
u
s
g
a
s
A
l
a
r
m a
c
t
i
v
a
t
e
d
S
u
c
c
e
ssf
u
l
✅
4
W
e
b
sy
s
t
e
m
d
i
sp
l
a
y
s r
e
a
l
-
t
i
m
e
d
a
t
a
M
a
t
c
h
e
s
se
n
so
r
r
e
a
d
i
n
g
s
S
u
c
c
e
ssf
u
l
✅
5
S
y
st
e
m res
e
t
b
u
t
t
o
n
S
y
st
e
m res
t
o
r
e
d
t
o
n
o
r
m
a
l
S
u
c
c
e
ssf
u
l
✅
3
.
5
.
Dis
cus
s
io
n
T
h
e
f
in
d
i
n
g
s
o
f
t
h
is
s
tu
d
y
d
e
m
o
n
s
tr
ate
th
at
SIG
AL
I
H
is
n
o
t
m
er
ely
a
f
u
n
ctio
n
al
p
r
o
to
t
y
p
e
b
u
t
a
p
r
ac
tically
r
elev
an
t I
o
T
-
b
ased
waste
m
o
n
ito
r
in
g
s
y
s
tem
th
at
ad
d
r
ess
es
k
ey
lim
itatio
n
s
o
f
e
x
is
tin
g
s
m
ar
t
waste
m
an
ag
em
en
t
s
o
lu
tio
n
s
.
Un
li
k
e
m
an
y
p
r
i
o
r
s
tu
d
ies
th
a
t
f
o
cu
s
p
r
im
ar
ily
o
n
s
in
g
le
-
p
a
r
a
m
eter
waste
lev
el
d
etec
tio
n
[
1
]
,
[
2
3
]
,
SIG
AL
I
H
in
teg
r
ates
m
u
lti
-
p
ar
am
eter
en
v
ir
o
n
m
en
tal
s
en
s
in
g
,
in
cl
u
d
in
g
waste
v
o
lu
m
e,
tem
p
er
atu
r
e
–
h
u
m
id
ity
,
g
as
co
n
ce
n
tr
atio
n
,
a
n
d
am
b
ien
t
lig
h
t
,
co
m
b
in
ed
with
r
ea
l
-
tim
e
clo
u
d
v
is
u
aliza
tio
n
an
d
au
to
m
ated
n
o
tific
atio
n
s
er
v
ic
es.
T
h
is
in
teg
r
ate
d
a
p
p
r
o
ac
h
is
p
ar
ticu
lar
l
y
r
ele
v
an
t
f
o
r
u
r
b
an
s
tak
eh
o
ld
e
r
s
,
ed
u
ca
to
r
s
,
an
d
en
v
ir
o
n
m
en
tal
m
an
ag
er
s
wh
o
r
e
q
u
ir
e
ac
tio
n
ab
le,
r
ea
l
-
tim
e
i
n
f
o
r
m
atio
n
r
ath
er
th
an
s
tatic
o
r
m
an
u
ally
r
e
p
o
r
ted
d
ata.
Fro
m
a
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
p
er
s
p
ec
ti
v
e,
th
e
ac
h
iev
ed
av
er
a
g
e
s
en
s
o
r
ac
cu
r
ac
y
o
f
9
6
.
8
%
p
lace
s
SIG
AL
I
H
with
in
th
e
u
p
p
er
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
r
an
g
e
r
e
p
o
r
ted
i
n
r
ec
en
t
I
o
T
-
b
ased
en
v
ir
o
n
m
en
tal
m
o
n
ito
r
in
g
s
tu
d
ies,
wh
ich
ty
p
ically
re
p
o
r
t
ac
cu
r
ac
ies
b
e
twee
n
9
4
%
an
d
9
7
%
u
n
d
e
r
c
o
m
p
ar
ab
le
f
ield
co
n
d
itio
n
s
[
1
]
,
[
1
7
]
,
[
2
3
]
.
T
h
e
s
tab
le
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
o
f
th
e
DHT
2
2
s
en
s
o
r
co
n
f
ir
m
s
its
s
u
itab
ilit
y
f
o
r
m
icr
o
clim
ate
m
o
n
ito
r
in
g
,
wh
ile
th
e
s
lig
h
tly
h
ig
h
er
er
r
o
r
m
a
r
g
in
s
o
b
s
er
v
ed
i
n
MQ
-
s
er
ies
g
as
s
en
s
o
r
s
ar
e
co
n
s
is
ten
t
with
well
-
d
o
cu
m
e
n
ted
c
r
o
s
s
-
s
en
s
itiv
ity
is
s
u
es
in
lo
w
-
co
s
t
g
as
s
en
s
in
g
tech
n
o
lo
g
ies.
I
m
p
o
r
tan
tly
,
alth
o
u
g
h
th
ese
s
en
s
o
r
s
m
ay
n
o
t
p
r
o
v
id
e
lab
o
r
ato
r
y
-
g
r
a
d
e
p
r
ec
is
io
n
,
th
eir
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
is
s
u
f
f
icien
t f
o
r
ea
r
ly
war
n
in
g
an
d
in
d
ic
ativ
e
m
o
n
ito
r
in
g
,
wh
ic
h
is
th
e
p
r
im
ar
y
o
p
er
atio
n
al
r
eq
u
ir
em
en
t in
c
o
m
m
u
n
ity
-
b
ased
waste
m
an
ag
em
en
t c
o
n
te
x
ts
.
T
h
e
s
y
s
tem
s
n
ea
r
r
ea
l
-
tim
e
r
esp
o
n
s
iv
en
ess
,
in
d
icate
d
b
y
a
n
av
er
ag
e
d
ata
tr
an
s
m
is
s
io
n
laten
cy
o
f
1
.
8
4
s
ec
o
n
d
s
an
d
n
o
tific
atio
n
d
elay
o
f
2
.
1
4
s
ec
o
n
d
s
,
is
a
cr
itical
co
n
tr
ib
u
tio
n
to
s
m
ar
t
en
v
ir
o
n
m
en
tal
m
an
ag
em
en
t.
C
o
m
p
ar
ed
to
c
o
n
v
en
tio
n
al
waste
co
llectio
n
s
y
s
tem
s
th
at
r
ely
o
n
f
ix
ed
s
ch
ed
u
les
o
r
m
an
u
al
r
ep
o
r
tin
g
,
SIG
AL
I
H
en
ab
les
co
n
d
itio
n
-
b
ased
d
ec
is
io
n
-
m
ak
in
g
,
allo
win
g
s
an
itatio
n
s
er
v
ices
to
r
esp
o
n
d
p
r
o
ac
tiv
ely
to
waste
ac
cu
m
u
la
tio
n
an
d
h
az
ar
d
o
u
s
en
v
ir
o
n
m
e
n
tal
co
n
d
itio
n
s
.
T
h
is
f
in
d
i
n
g
a
lig
n
s
with
p
r
ev
io
u
s
s
m
ar
t
-
city
r
esear
ch
em
p
h
asizin
g
th
at
r
esp
o
n
s
iv
e
n
ess
an
d
tim
elin
ess
ar
e
m
o
r
e
im
p
ac
t
f
u
l
f
o
r
o
p
er
atio
n
al
ef
f
icien
cy
th
a
n
m
ar
g
i
n
al
im
p
r
o
v
em
en
ts
in
s
en
s
in
g
p
r
ec
is
io
n
[
2
]
,
[
3
]
.
I
n
ad
d
itio
n
to
its
tech
n
ical
co
n
tr
ib
u
tio
n
,
SIG
AL
I
H
d
em
o
n
s
t
r
ates
p
r
ac
tical
r
elev
a
n
ce
f
o
r
c
o
m
m
u
n
ity
en
g
ag
em
e
n
t
an
d
en
v
ir
o
n
m
en
tal
ed
u
ca
tio
n
.
T
h
e
p
u
b
lic
-
f
ac
in
g
d
ash
b
o
a
r
d
an
d
r
ea
l
-
tim
e
d
ata
v
is
u
aliza
tio
n
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
en
v
ir
o
n
m
en
tal
m
o
n
ito
r
in
g
d
ata
in
t
o
a
s
h
ar
ed
r
eso
u
r
ce
th
at
ca
n
b
e
ac
ce
s
s
ed
b
y
r
esid
en
ts
,
s
tu
d
en
ts
,
an
d
lo
ca
l
a
u
th
o
r
ities
.
Prio
r
s
tu
d
ies
in
s
u
s
tain
ab
ilit
y
ed
u
ca
tio
n
r
ep
o
r
t
th
at
d
ir
ec
t
in
t
er
ac
tio
n
w
ith
r
ea
l
en
v
ir
o
n
m
en
tal
d
ata
s
ig
n
if
ica
n
tly
en
h
an
ce
s
en
v
ir
o
n
m
en
tal
a
war
en
ess
,
s
y
s
tem
s
th
in
k
in
g
,
a
n
d
p
r
o
b
lem
-
s
o
lv
i
n
g
s
k
ills
[
1
2
]
,
[
1
8
]
.
T
h
u
s
,
SIG
A
L
I
H
ex
ten
d
s
th
e
r
o
le
o
f
I
o
T
s
y
s
tem
s
b
ey
o
n
d
in
f
r
astru
ctu
r
e
m
o
n
ito
r
in
g
to
war
d
p
ar
ti
cip
ato
r
y
an
d
ed
u
ca
tio
n
a
l
s
m
ar
t
-
city
ap
p
licatio
n
s
,
wh
ich
r
em
ain
s
u
n
d
er
ex
p
l
o
r
ed
in
cu
r
r
en
t
waste
m
an
ag
em
en
t liter
atu
r
e.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
5
0
2
-
4
7
5
2
I
n
d
o
n
esian
J
E
lec
E
n
g
&
C
o
m
p
Sci
,
Vo
l.
42
,
No
.
3
,
J
u
n
e
20
2
6
:
7
2
9
-
7
4
1
738
Sev
er
al
k
ey
ex
p
er
im
en
ts
wer
e
ess
en
tial
in
v
alid
atin
g
th
e
s
y
s
tem
’
s
f
ea
s
ib
ilit
y
an
d
r
eliab
i
lity
.
T
h
ese
in
clu
d
e:
(
1
)
s
en
s
o
r
ca
lib
r
atio
n
an
d
a
cc
u
r
ac
y
test
in
g
ag
ain
s
t
r
ef
er
en
ce
in
s
tr
u
m
e
n
ts
,
(
2
)
co
m
m
u
n
icatio
n
laten
cy
m
ea
s
u
r
em
en
t
u
n
d
e
r
r
ea
l
n
et
wo
r
k
c
o
n
d
itio
n
s
,
(
3
)
n
etwo
r
k
r
esil
ien
ce
test
in
g
d
u
r
in
g
tem
p
o
r
ar
y
co
n
n
ec
tiv
it
y
lo
s
s
,
an
d
(
4
)
b
lack
-
b
o
x
f
u
n
cti
o
n
al
v
er
if
icatio
n
o
f
all
s
y
s
tem
m
o
d
u
les.
T
o
g
eth
e
r
,
th
ese
e
x
p
er
im
en
ts
co
n
f
ir
m
th
at
SIG
AL
I
H
is
tech
n
ically
r
ea
d
y
f
o
r
s
m
all
-
to
m
ed
iu
m
-
s
ca
le
d
ep
lo
y
m
en
t
in
u
r
b
a
n
an
d
s
em
i
-
u
r
b
a
n
en
v
ir
o
n
m
en
ts
.
Ho
wev
e
r
,
la
r
g
e
-
s
ca
le
lo
n
g
it
u
d
in
al
e
x
p
er
i
m
en
ts
in
v
o
l
v
in
g
m
u
ltip
le
d
i
s
tr
icts
an
d
s
ea
s
o
n
al
v
ar
iatio
n
s
r
em
ain
n
ec
ess
ar
y
to
f
u
lly
ev
alu
ate
s
y
s
tem
d
u
r
ab
ili
ty
an
d
lo
n
g
-
ter
m
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
.
Desp
ite
its
p
r
o
m
is
in
g
r
esu
lts
,
th
is
s
tu
d
y
h
as
s
ev
er
al
lim
itat
io
n
s
th
at
o
p
en
clea
r
a
v
en
u
es
f
o
r
f
u
t
u
r
e
r
esear
ch
.
First,
s
y
s
tem
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
is
c
u
r
r
en
tly
d
ep
e
n
d
en
t
o
n
W
i
-
Fi
av
ailab
ilit
y
,
wh
ich
m
a
y
li
m
it
d
ep
lo
y
m
e
n
t
in
ar
ea
s
with
p
o
o
r
n
etwo
r
k
in
f
r
astru
ctu
r
e.
Fu
tu
r
e
wo
r
k
s
h
o
u
l
d
ex
p
lo
r
e
lo
n
g
-
r
a
n
g
e
an
d
l
o
w
-
p
o
wer
co
m
m
u
n
icatio
n
tech
n
o
l
o
g
ies
s
u
ch
as
L
o
R
aWAN
o
r
NB
-
I
o
T
to
im
p
r
o
v
e
c
o
v
er
a
g
e
an
d
e
n
er
g
y
ef
f
icien
c
y
[
2
0
]
.
Seco
n
d
,
th
e
in
h
er
en
t
i
n
s
tab
ilit
y
o
f
lo
w
-
c
o
s
t
g
as
s
en
s
o
r
s
s
u
g
g
ests
th
e
n
ee
d
f
o
r
ad
ap
tiv
e
ca
l
ib
r
atio
n
tech
n
i
q
u
es,
m
ac
h
in
e
-
lear
n
i
n
g
-
b
ased
s
en
s
o
r
d
r
if
t
c
o
m
p
en
s
atio
n
,
o
r
s
en
s
o
r
f
u
s
io
n
a
p
p
r
o
ac
h
es
to
en
h
an
ce
lo
n
g
-
ter
m
ac
cu
r
ac
y
.
T
h
ir
d
,
th
e
in
teg
r
ati
o
n
o
f
ar
tific
ial
i
n
tellig
en
ce
an
d
p
r
e
d
ictiv
e
an
al
y
tics
co
u
ld
e
n
ab
le
th
e
s
y
s
tem
to
f
o
r
ec
ast
waste
ac
cu
m
u
latio
n
p
atter
n
s
an
d
o
p
tim
ize
co
llectio
n
s
ch
ed
u
les,
f
u
r
t
h
er
s
u
p
p
o
r
tin
g
d
ata
-
d
r
iv
en
u
r
b
an
waste
m
an
ag
em
en
t.
Ov
er
all,
th
e
k
ey
tak
ea
way
f
r
o
m
th
is
s
tu
d
y
is
th
at
SIG
AL
I
H
d
em
o
n
s
tr
ates
h
o
w
a
lo
w
-
co
s
t,
m
o
d
u
lar
,
an
d
in
teg
r
a
ted
I
o
T
s
y
s
tem
ca
n
m
ea
n
in
g
f
u
lly
en
h
an
ce
s
m
ar
t
en
v
ir
o
n
m
e
n
tal
m
an
ag
em
en
t
b
y
co
m
b
in
i
n
g
r
ea
l
-
tim
e
s
en
s
in
g
,
au
to
m
ate
d
n
o
tific
atio
n
,
an
d
co
m
m
u
n
ity
p
a
r
ticip
atio
n
.
B
y
b
r
id
g
in
g
tech
n
ical
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
,
o
p
er
atio
n
al
r
ele
v
an
ce
,
a
n
d
ed
u
ca
tio
n
al
v
alu
e,
t
h
is
r
esear
ch
co
n
tr
ib
u
tes
a
s
ca
lab
le
an
d
c
o
n
tex
t
-
ap
p
r
o
p
r
iate
s
o
lu
tio
n
f
o
r
s
u
s
tain
ab
le
waste
m
an
ag
em
en
t
in
d
e
v
elo
p
i
n
g
u
r
b
a
n
en
v
ir
o
n
m
e
n
ts
an
d
p
r
o
v
id
es
a
s
o
lid
f
o
u
n
d
atio
n
f
o
r
f
u
tu
r
e
s
m
ar
t
-
cit
y
in
n
o
v
atio
n
s
.
I
n
ter
m
s
o
f
d
ata
s
ec
u
r
ity
,
th
e
SIG
AL
I
H
s
y
s
tem
u
ti
lizes
Fire
b
ase
clo
u
d
s
e
r
v
ices,
wh
ich
s
u
p
p
o
r
t
co
n
f
ig
u
r
ab
le
ac
ce
s
s
r
u
les
to
co
n
tr
o
l
r
ea
d
a
n
d
wr
ite
p
er
m
i
s
s
io
n
s
,
en
s
u
r
in
g
th
at
o
n
ly
au
th
o
r
ized
u
s
er
s
ca
n
m
o
d
if
y
s
y
s
tem
d
ata.
Data
t
r
an
s
m
is
s
io
n
b
etwe
en
th
e
E
SP
3
2
d
ev
ice
a
n
d
th
e
cl
o
u
d
s
er
v
er
is
en
cr
y
p
ted
,
r
ed
u
cin
g
th
e
r
is
k
o
f
u
n
a
u
th
o
r
iz
e
d
ac
ce
s
s
d
u
r
in
g
co
m
m
u
n
icatio
n
.
R
eg
ar
d
in
g
lo
n
g
-
ter
m
r
eliab
ilit
y
,
p
o
ten
tial
ch
allen
g
es
in
clu
d
e
s
en
s
o
r
d
r
if
t,
p
er
io
d
ic
m
ain
ten
an
ce
r
eq
u
ir
em
en
ts
,
an
d
ex
p
o
s
u
r
e
to
wea
th
er
c
o
n
d
itio
n
s
in
o
u
td
o
o
r
d
ep
lo
y
m
e
n
ts
.
R
eg
u
lar
r
ec
alib
r
atio
n
,
s
ch
ed
u
led
s
en
s
o
r
r
ep
la
ce
m
en
t,
a
n
d
p
r
o
tectiv
e
h
o
u
s
in
g
ar
e
n
ec
ess
ar
y
to
m
ain
tain
s
y
s
tem
p
e
r
f
o
r
m
an
ce
o
v
e
r
ex
te
n
d
ed
p
e
r
io
d
s
.
T
h
ese
f
ac
to
r
s
s
h
o
u
ld
b
e
co
n
s
id
er
e
d
in
lar
g
e
-
s
ca
le
a
n
d
lo
n
g
-
ter
m
im
p
lem
e
n
tatio
n
s
.
Fu
tu
r
e
r
esear
ch
s
h
o
u
l
d
f
o
c
u
s
o
n
in
teg
r
atin
g
ar
tific
ial
in
tellig
en
ce
-
b
ased
p
r
ed
ictio
n
m
o
d
els to
f
o
r
ec
ast wa
s
te
ac
cu
m
u
latio
n
p
atter
n
s
an
d
o
p
tim
ize
co
llectio
n
s
ch
ed
u
l
es.
T
h
e
ad
o
p
tio
n
o
f
L
o
R
aWAN
o
r
N
B
-
I
o
T
co
m
m
u
n
icatio
n
tech
n
o
lo
g
ies
is
r
ec
o
m
m
en
d
e
d
to
o
v
er
c
o
m
e
W
i
-
Fi
d
ep
en
d
en
cy
an
d
en
ab
le
wid
er
-
ar
ea
d
ep
l
o
y
m
en
t.
Ad
d
itio
n
ally
,
th
e
d
ev
elo
p
m
en
t
o
f
a
m
o
b
ile
-
b
ased
d
ash
b
o
ar
d
ap
p
licatio
n
an
d
lo
n
g
-
ter
m
f
ield
t
r
ials
u
n
d
e
r
ex
tr
em
e
en
v
ir
o
n
m
en
tal
co
n
d
i
tio
n
s
wo
u
ld
f
u
r
th
e
r
en
h
an
ce
s
y
s
tem
s
ca
lab
ilit
y
,
r
eliab
ilit
y
,
an
d
p
r
ac
tical
im
p
ac
t.
4.
CO
NCLU
SI
O
N
T
h
is
s
tu
d
y
d
em
o
n
s
tr
ates
th
at
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
I
o
T
-
b
ased
waste
m
o
n
ito
r
in
g
an
d
n
o
tific
atio
n
s
y
s
tem
,
SIG
AL
I
H,
s
u
cc
ess
f
u
lly
ac
h
ie
v
es
th
e
r
esear
ch
o
b
jectiv
e
o
f
d
esig
n
in
g
,
d
ev
el
o
p
in
g
,
an
d
e
v
alu
atin
g
a
f
u
n
ctio
n
al
s
y
s
tem
ca
p
ab
le
o
f
r
ea
l
-
tim
e
waste
m
o
n
ito
r
in
g
,
en
v
ir
o
n
m
en
tal
s
en
s
in
g
,
an
d
au
to
m
at
ed
n
o
tific
atio
n
.
T
h
e
s
y
s
tem
ac
h
iev
ed
an
av
e
r
ag
e
s
en
s
o
r
ac
cu
r
ac
y
o
f
9
6
.
8
%,
with
s
tab
le
d
ata
tr
an
s
m
is
s
io
n
an
d
n
o
tific
atio
n
laten
cy
b
elo
w
2
.
2
s
ec
o
n
d
s
,
co
n
f
ir
m
i
n
g
its
tech
n
ical
r
eliab
ilit
y
an
d
r
esp
o
n
s
iv
en
ess
in
o
p
er
atio
n
al
co
n
d
itio
n
s
.
T
h
e
in
teg
r
atio
n
o
f
m
u
lti
-
p
a
r
am
eter
s
en
s
in
g
,
cl
o
u
d
-
b
ased
v
is
u
aliz
atio
n
,
an
d
T
ele
g
r
am
-
b
ased
al
er
ts
en
ab
les
tim
ely
d
ec
is
io
n
-
m
ak
in
g
,
r
ed
u
ce
s
th
e
r
is
k
o
f
waste
o
v
er
f
lo
w,
an
d
s
u
p
p
o
r
ts
co
m
m
u
n
ity
awa
r
en
es
s
th
r
o
u
g
h
ac
ce
s
s
to
r
ea
l
-
tim
e
en
v
i
r
o
n
m
e
n
tal
d
ata
.
Desp
ite
th
ese
p
o
s
itiv
e
r
esu
lts
,
th
is
s
tu
d
y
h
as
s
ev
er
al
li
m
itatio
n
s
.
Sy
s
tem
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
r
em
ain
s
d
ep
e
n
d
e
n
t
o
n
W
i
-
Fi
n
etwo
r
k
av
ailab
ilit
y
,
wh
ich
m
ay
r
estrict
d
ep
lo
y
m
en
t
in
ar
ea
s
with
lim
ited
co
n
n
ec
tiv
ity
.
I
n
ad
d
iti
o
n
,
g
as
s
en
s
o
r
m
ea
s
u
r
em
e
n
ts
ex
h
ib
ited
s
en
s
itiv
ity
to
tem
p
er
atu
r
e
an
d
h
u
m
id
ity
v
ar
iatio
n
s
,
af
f
ec
tin
g
m
ea
s
u
r
e
m
en
t
s
tab
ili
ty
.
T
h
e
ev
alu
atio
n
was
co
n
d
u
cted
o
v
er
a
lim
ited
d
ep
lo
y
m
en
t
p
er
io
d
an
d
f
o
c
u
s
ed
o
n
tec
h
n
ical
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
an
d
p
r
elim
in
a
r
y
u
s
ab
il
ity
,
with
o
u
t lo
n
g
-
ter
m
f
ield
test
in
g
o
r
lar
g
e
-
s
ca
le
im
p
lem
en
tatio
n
.
Fu
tu
r
e
r
esear
ch
s
h
o
u
ld
a
d
d
r
ess
th
ese
lim
itatio
n
s
b
y
in
teg
r
atin
g
alter
n
ati
v
e
co
m
m
u
n
icatio
n
tech
n
o
lo
g
ies
s
u
ch
as
L
o
R
a
W
AN
o
r
NB
-
I
o
T
to
im
p
r
o
v
e
n
etwo
r
k
r
esil
ien
ce
,
im
p
lem
en
tin
g
a
d
v
an
ce
d
ca
lib
r
atio
n
o
r
s
en
s
o
r
f
u
s
io
n
tech
n
iq
u
es
to
en
h
a
n
ce
g
as
s
en
s
in
g
ac
cu
r
ac
y
,
an
d
in
co
r
p
o
r
atin
g
p
r
ed
ictiv
e
an
aly
tics
o
r
m
ac
h
in
e
lear
n
in
g
m
o
d
el
s
f
o
r
waste
g
en
er
atio
n
f
o
r
ec
asti
n
g
.
L
o
n
g
-
ter
m
f
ield
tr
ials
an
d
b
r
o
ad
er
co
m
m
u
n
ity
d
e
p
lo
y
m
e
n
t
ar
e
al
s
o
r
ec
o
m
m
e
n
d
ed
to
ass
ess
s
y
s
tem
d
u
r
a
b
ilit
y
,
s
ca
lab
ilit
y
,
a
n
d
r
ea
l
-
wo
r
ld
im
p
ac
t.
Ov
er
all,
SIG
AL
I
H
r
ep
r
esen
ts
a
lo
w
-
co
s
t,
s
ca
lab
le,
an
d
p
r
ac
tical
s
o
lu
tio
n
f
o
r
s
m
ar
t
wast
e
m
an
ag
em
en
t
an
d
en
v
ir
o
n
m
en
tal
ed
u
ca
tio
n
i
n
d
ev
elo
p
in
g
u
r
b
an
c
o
n
tex
ts
,
wit
h
s
tr
o
n
g
p
o
te
n
tial
f
o
r
f
u
r
t
h
er
tech
n
o
lo
g
ical
an
d
o
p
er
atio
n
al
e
n
h
an
ce
m
en
t.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.