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m
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em
o
v
e
tr
a
d
itio
n
al
co
n
s
tr
ain
t
s
o
f
tim
e,
lo
ca
tio
n
,
an
d
ex
p
en
s
iv
e
eq
u
ip
m
e
n
t.
T
h
r
o
u
g
h
in
ter
ac
tiv
e
s
im
u
latio
n
s
o
f
twar
e,
s
tu
d
en
ts
ca
n
v
is
u
a
lize
h
id
d
en
p
h
en
o
m
en
a
lik
e
to
r
s
io
n
al
in
ter
ac
tio
n
,
m
u
ch
en
h
a
n
cin
g
co
n
ce
p
tu
al
u
n
d
er
s
tan
d
i
n
g
,
p
r
ac
tical
s
k
ills
,
an
d
lear
n
in
g
o
u
tco
m
es
o
v
e
r
tr
ad
itio
n
al
m
o
d
es
[
1
3
]
–
[
1
6
]
.
T
h
is
ed
u
ca
tio
n
al
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
p
r
o
v
id
es
a
co
m
p
r
e
h
en
s
iv
e
m
eth
o
d
f
o
r
a
n
aly
zin
g
SS
R
in
th
er
m
al
p
o
wer
p
lan
ts
u
s
in
g
MA
T
L
AB
/Si
m
u
lin
k
[
1
7
]
.
B
y
u
tili
zin
g
M
AT
L
AB
’
s
GUI
ca
p
ab
ilit
ies,
s
tu
d
en
ts
co
n
s
tr
u
ct
in
ter
ac
tiv
e
to
o
ls
to
s
im
u
late
v
ar
io
u
s
SS
R
s
tag
es,
en
h
an
cin
g
u
n
d
er
s
tan
d
in
g
o
f
elec
tr
ical
in
s
tab
ilit
y
an
d
tu
r
b
in
e
-
g
en
er
ato
r
s
h
af
t
f
ailu
r
es.
A
co
m
p
lete
th
r
ee
-
p
h
as
e
b
alan
ce
d
s
y
n
ch
r
o
n
o
u
s
g
e
n
er
ato
r
m
o
d
el
in
MA
T
L
AB
/S
im
u
lin
k
with
two
-
ax
is
d
am
p
er
win
d
in
g
s
,
s
u
itab
le
f
o
r
co
n
n
ec
tio
n
to
a
to
r
s
io
n
a
l
s
h
af
t
s
y
s
tem
,
ca
n
b
e
b
u
ilt
u
s
in
g
th
e
s
p
ec
ialize
d
p
o
wer
s
y
s
tem
s
lib
r
ar
y
.
Utilizin
g
s
y
n
ch
r
o
n
o
u
s
m
ac
h
in
e
b
lo
ck
allo
ws
f
o
r
ac
cu
r
ate
m
o
d
eli
n
g
o
f
s
alien
cy
an
d
m
u
ltip
le
r
o
to
r
d
am
p
er
cir
c
u
its
[
1
8
]
.
T
h
is
s
tu
d
y
d
ev
elo
p
s
an
ea
s
y
-
to
-
u
s
e
ed
u
ca
tio
n
al
to
o
l
u
s
in
g
MA
T
L
AB
GUI
f
u
n
ctio
n
s
to
s
im
u
late
a
s
y
n
ch
r
o
n
o
u
s
g
en
e
r
ato
r
co
n
n
ec
ted
to
a
s
er
ies
co
m
p
en
s
ated
tr
an
s
m
is
s
io
n
lin
e,
f
o
cu
s
in
g
o
n
d
y
n
am
ic
m
o
d
elin
g
.
T
h
e
to
o
l
p
r
o
v
id
es
an
i
n
tu
itiv
e
in
ter
f
ac
e
f
o
r
s
im
u
latin
g
g
e
n
er
ato
r
ch
ar
ac
ter
is
tics
,
in
clu
d
in
g
th
e
ab
ilit
y
to
an
aly
ze
d
y
n
am
ic
b
eh
a
v
io
r
d
u
r
in
g
SS
R
em
er
g
en
ce
,
u
s
i
n
g
MA
T
L
AB
/Si
m
u
lin
k
.
Sec
tio
n
2
d
etails
th
e
m
ath
em
atica
l
q
d
0
(
q
u
ad
r
atu
r
e
-
d
ir
ec
t
-
ze
r
o
)
m
o
d
elin
g
o
f
t
h
e
s
y
n
ch
r
o
n
o
u
s
g
en
e
r
ato
r
,
ess
en
t
ial
f
o
r
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
i
n
g
th
r
ee
-
p
h
ase
ab
c
v
ar
iab
les
in
to
a
r
o
tatin
g
r
ef
er
e
n
ce
f
r
am
e
.
I
t
f
u
r
th
er
ex
p
lain
s
th
e
in
ter
ac
ti
o
n
o
f
th
is
elec
tr
ical
m
o
d
el
with
a
lu
m
p
ed
-
m
ass
s
h
af
t
m
o
d
el
to
s
im
u
late
to
r
s
io
n
al
d
y
n
am
ics.
T
h
e
n
,
s
ec
tio
n
3
p
r
esen
ts
th
e
r
esu
lts
o
f
th
e
d
y
n
am
ic
s
im
u
latio
n
s
,
d
e
m
o
n
s
tr
atin
g
th
e
g
en
er
ato
r
'
s
r
e
s
p
o
n
s
e
to
d
is
tu
r
b
an
ce
s
an
d
o
p
er
atin
g
co
n
d
itio
n
s
.
Fin
ally
,
s
ec
tio
n
4
p
r
o
v
id
es
a
s
u
m
m
ar
y
o
f
t
h
e
f
in
d
in
g
s
,
h
i
g
h
l
ig
h
tin
g
th
e
ef
f
ec
tiv
en
ess
o
f
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
to
o
l
f
o
r
ed
u
ca
tio
n
al
p
u
r
p
o
s
es a
n
d
its
ab
ilit
y
to
ac
cu
r
ately
r
ef
lect
SS
R
p
h
en
o
m
en
o
n
in
th
er
m
al
p
o
wer
p
lan
ts
.
2.
M
O
DE
L
L
I
NG
O
F
SYNCH
RO
NO
US G
E
N
E
RA
T
O
R
W
I
T
H
T
O
R
SI
O
NA
L
SH
AF
T
SYST
E
M
2
.
1
.
Sub
-
s
y
nchro
no
us
r
eso
n
a
nce
(
SS
R)
ph
eno
m
ena
SS
R
i
s
a
d
an
g
er
o
u
s
p
o
wer
s
y
s
tem
co
n
d
itio
n
wh
er
e
a
s
er
ies
-
co
m
p
en
s
ated
n
etwo
r
k
ex
ch
a
n
g
es
en
er
g
y
with
a
tu
r
b
in
e
-
g
e
n
er
ato
r
at
f
r
e
q
u
en
cies
b
elo
w
th
e
s
y
n
ch
r
o
n
o
u
s
f
r
eq
u
en
c
y
.
T
h
is
r
eso
n
an
ce
ca
u
s
es
s
ev
er
e
s
h
af
t
to
r
s
io
n
al
o
s
cillatio
n
s
th
at
ca
n
lead
to
f
atig
u
e,
d
a
m
ag
e,
o
r
c
atastro
p
h
ic
f
ailu
r
e
o
f
t
h
e
tu
r
b
in
e
-
g
en
er
at
o
r
s
h
af
t,
o
f
ten
ap
p
ea
r
in
g
as
elec
tr
ical
in
s
tab
ilit
y
[
1
9
]
.
T
o
r
s
io
n
al
in
t
er
ac
tio
n
,
a
ty
p
e
o
f
SS
R
th
at
o
cc
u
r
s
wh
en
s
tato
r
cu
r
r
en
t
c
o
m
p
o
n
en
ts
,
r
esu
ltin
g
f
r
o
m
n
etwo
r
k
r
eso
n
an
ce
wh
er
e
<
,
in
ter
ac
t
with
th
e
m
ec
h
an
ica
l
to
r
s
io
n
al
f
r
eq
u
e
n
cy
o
f
th
e
r
o
to
r
.
T
h
is
c
r
ea
tes
an
elec
tr
o
-
m
ec
h
a
n
ical
r
eso
n
an
ce
th
at
ca
n
ca
u
s
e
h
ig
h
m
ec
h
an
ical
to
r
q
u
e
am
p
lific
atio
n
an
d
p
o
te
n
tial sh
af
t d
am
ag
e.
T
h
at
is
:
=
1
2
π
√
=
√
<
(
1
)
W
h
e
n
a
s
y
n
c
h
r
o
n
o
u
s
g
e
n
e
r
a
t
o
r
r
o
t
o
r
t
u
r
n
s
a
t
s
y
n
c
h
r
o
n
o
u
s
s
p
ee
d
,
a
n
y
s
u
b
-
s
y
n
c
h
r
o
n
o
u
s
s
t
a
t
o
r
c
u
r
r
e
n
t
c
o
m
p
o
n
e
n
t
(
<
)
i
n
d
u
c
e
s
a
r
o
t
o
r
c
u
r
r
e
n
t
c
o
m
p
o
n
e
n
t
a
t
f
r
e
q
u
e
n
c
y
−
.
B
e
c
au
s
e
<
,
th
e
s
li
p
is
n
e
g
a
ti
v
e
,
ca
u
s
i
n
g
t
h
e
m
ac
h
i
n
e
t
o
w
o
r
k
a
s
a
n
in
d
u
c
ti
o
n
g
e
n
e
r
a
to
r
.
T
h
e
r
o
to
r
wi
n
d
i
n
g
e
m
i
ts
a
n
e
g
a
ti
v
e
r
esis
t
an
ce
.
SS
R
in
clu
d
es
th
e
in
d
u
ctio
n
g
en
er
ato
r
ef
f
ec
t
an
d
to
r
s
io
n
a
l
in
ter
ac
tio
n
,
o
cc
u
r
r
i
n
g
wh
en
elec
tr
ical
n
etwo
r
k
f
r
eq
u
en
cies
f
all
b
elo
w
5
0
/6
0
Hz
[
2
0
]
.
T
h
e
in
d
u
ctio
n
g
en
er
ato
r
e
f
f
ec
t
h
ap
p
e
n
s
wh
en
n
e
g
ativ
e
r
o
to
r
r
esis
tan
ce
ca
u
s
es
u
n
p
r
e
d
ictab
le,
g
r
o
win
g
s
u
b
-
s
y
n
c
h
r
o
n
o
u
s
cu
r
r
e
n
ts
,
o
f
te
n
in
h
ig
h
s
er
ies
-
co
m
p
en
s
atio
n
s
y
s
tem
s
[
2
1
]
,
[
2
2
]
.
T
o
r
s
io
n
a
l
in
ter
ac
tio
n
r
ep
r
esen
ts
th
e
elec
tr
o
-
m
ec
h
an
ical
r
eso
n
an
ce
b
etwe
en
t
u
r
b
in
e
-
g
en
er
ato
r
s
h
af
ts
an
d
th
e
n
etwo
r
k
[
2
3
]
.
SSR
o
cc
u
r
s
wh
en
an
elec
tr
ical
s
y
s
tem
’
s
n
atu
r
al
f
r
eq
u
en
c
y
c
o
in
cid
es
with
a
tu
r
b
in
e
-
g
en
er
a
to
r
s
h
af
t'
s
to
r
s
io
n
al
m
o
d
e,
ca
u
s
in
g
lar
g
e
s
h
af
t
o
s
cillatio
n
s
.
I
t
p
r
im
ar
ily
im
p
ac
ts
lo
n
g
-
s
h
af
t
th
er
m
al
p
lan
ts
,
wh
ich
ar
e
h
ig
h
ly
v
u
ln
er
ab
le
d
u
e
to
ex
te
n
s
iv
e
s
er
ies
ca
p
ac
ito
r
co
m
p
en
s
atio
n
.
H
y
d
r
o
p
o
wer
p
lan
ts
ar
e
g
en
er
ally
im
m
u
n
e
d
u
e
to
h
ig
h
m
ec
h
an
ical
in
e
r
tia,
an
d
g
as
tu
r
b
in
es
f
ac
e
lo
wer
r
is
k
s
b
ec
au
s
e
th
ei
r
s
h
o
r
te
r
s
h
af
ts
p
o
s
s
ess
h
ig
h
er
n
atu
r
al
to
r
s
io
n
al
f
r
eq
u
e
n
cies
[
2
4
]
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
t J E
lec
&
C
o
m
p
E
n
g
I
SS
N:
2088
-
8
7
0
8
Tea
ch
in
g
a
n
a
lysi
s
o
f su
b
-
s
yn
c
h
r
o
n
o
u
s
r
eso
n
a
n
ce
o
f th
erma
l
p
o
w
er p
la
n
ts
…
(
S
u
g
ia
r
to
K
a
d
ima
n
)
1679
2
.
2
.
T
he
I
E
E
E
f
irst
b
enchm
a
rk
m
o
del
f
o
r
s
t
ud
y
ing
SSR
A
s
in
g
le
lin
e
d
iag
r
am
o
f
t
h
e
IEEE
f
ir
s
t
b
en
ch
m
ar
k
m
o
d
el
is
a
s
tan
d
ar
d
ized
p
o
wer
s
y
s
tem
co
n
f
ig
u
r
atio
n
u
s
ed
to
a
n
aly
z
e
th
e
in
ter
ac
tio
n
b
etwe
en
a
s
er
ies
-
co
m
p
en
s
ated
tr
an
s
m
is
s
io
n
lin
e
an
d
th
e
m
ec
h
an
ical
to
r
s
io
n
al
m
o
d
es
o
f
a
tu
r
b
in
e
-
g
en
er
at
o
r
s
h
af
t
,
s
h
o
wn
in
Fig
u
r
e
1
[
2
5
]
.
B
ased
o
n
th
e
cir
cu
it
p
ar
am
eter
s
p
r
o
v
id
ed
,
th
e
p
e
r
f
o
r
m
an
ce
o
f
th
e
p
o
wer
s
y
s
te
m
u
n
d
e
r
f
au
lt
co
n
d
itio
n
s
at
6
0
Hz
an
d
f
u
r
t
h
er
f
r
eq
u
e
n
cies
is
g
o
v
e
r
n
ed
th
r
o
u
g
h
th
e
r
elatio
n
s
h
ip
b
etwe
en
f
r
eq
u
en
cy
,
r
ea
cta
n
ce
,
a
n
d
r
esis
tan
ce
.
Sp
ec
if
ically
,
th
e
in
d
u
ctiv
e
r
ea
ctan
ce
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s
h
o
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Fig
u
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2
[
2
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el.
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u
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1
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t b
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ar
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SSR
Fig
u
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2
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ith
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a
m
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ly
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d
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tato
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lu
x
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a
m
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d
th
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ain
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i
eld
to
tal
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lu
x
d
am
p
er
win
d
in
g
,
s
ep
ar
ately
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
0
8
8
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8
7
0
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I
n
t J E
lec
&
C
o
m
p
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n
g
,
Vo
l.
1
6
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No
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4
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Au
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1680
T
h
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ch
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Par
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ts
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,
,
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in
to
two
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r
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p
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with
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r
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r
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a
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ch
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u
s
g
en
e
r
ato
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co
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n
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ted
to
a
n
in
f
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ite
b
u
s
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m
o
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elin
g
r
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ial
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etwo
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m
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ts
(
s
u
ch
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in
th
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f
r
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r
s
tab
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s
tu
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ies
.
T
h
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ad
d
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f
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m
al
l
s
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u
n
t
ca
p
ac
ito
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s
at
th
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g
en
er
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r
ter
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in
al
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ter
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b
u
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m
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e
m
o
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n
tu
r
b
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g
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h
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u
r
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3
(
a)
.
Fo
r
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.
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r
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(
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u
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.
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a)
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b
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l
u
m
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o
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el
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
t J E
lec
&
C
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m
p
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n
g
I
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N:
2088
-
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1681
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el
2
.
3
.
E
du
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t
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na
l im
pa
ct
a
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m
ent
T
h
e
ed
u
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tio
n
al
im
p
ac
t
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v
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lab
o
r
at
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r
ies
to
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h
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etec
t
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th
er
m
al
p
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h
ig
h
ly
p
o
s
itiv
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o
f
f
e
r
in
g
s
i
g
n
if
ican
t
im
p
r
o
v
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e
n
ts
in
s
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em
en
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co
n
ce
p
tu
al
u
n
d
er
s
tan
d
i
n
g
,
an
d
p
r
ac
tical
s
k
ills
in
p
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y
s
t
em
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aly
s
is
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p
r
im
ar
ily
b
y
m
a
k
in
g
ab
s
tr
ac
t,
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m
p
lex
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d
d
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o
m
en
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d
m
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ip
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a
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ig
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n
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m
en
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o
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id
er
in
g
s
tu
d
en
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en
g
ag
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e
n
t,
v
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u
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s
p
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id
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d
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an
s
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d
to
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ter
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wh
ich
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e
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o
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r
o
tectin
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ato
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p
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o
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ate
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to
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co
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p
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a
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ize
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(
2
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8
8
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[
2
7
]
.
Stu
d
e
n
ts
f
ee
l
m
o
r
e
m
o
tiv
ated
a
n
d
less
p
r
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to
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o
m
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n
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alizin
g
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lex
p
h
en
o
m
en
a
l
ik
e
s
h
af
t
to
r
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s
.
W
ith
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tu
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l
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ta
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d
in
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t
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ef
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alize
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ter
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E
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t
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te
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ically
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n
d
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d
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g
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a
fety
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d
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y
allo
w
s
tu
d
e
n
ts
to
s
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ely
s
im
u
late
d
an
g
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r
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s
c
o
n
d
itio
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s
,
s
u
c
h
as
th
r
ee
-
p
h
a
s
e
f
au
lts
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to
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,
with
o
u
t
r
is
k
in
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l,
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en
t.
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p
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if
ically
in
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tem
s
,
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ir
tu
al
to
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ls
en
ab
le
s
tu
d
en
ts
to
an
aly
ze
to
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n
al
in
ter
ac
tio
n
,
en
h
an
cin
g
th
eir
s
k
ills
in
cr
itical
th
in
k
in
g
an
d
p
r
o
b
lem
-
s
o
lv
in
g
.
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ta
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an
aly
s
es
in
elec
tr
ical
en
g
in
ee
r
in
g
e
d
u
ca
tio
n
,
s
u
c
h
as
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d
etec
tio
n
in
th
er
m
al
p
o
wer
p
lan
ts
,
h
av
e
s
h
o
w
n
th
at
v
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tu
al
lab
o
r
ato
r
ies
ar
e
s
tr
o
n
g
p
r
e
d
icto
r
s
o
f
p
o
s
itiv
e
lear
n
in
g
o
u
tc
o
m
es,
with
s
ig
n
if
ican
t
im
p
ac
ts
o
n
k
n
o
wled
g
e
a
cq
u
i
s
itio
n
,
c
o
g
n
itiv
e
a
b
ilit
ies
,
an
d
o
p
e
r
atio
n
al
s
k
ills
.
I
n
k
n
o
wled
g
e
ac
q
u
is
itio
n
,
s
tu
d
en
ts
h
av
e
d
ee
p
en
e
d
u
n
d
er
s
tan
d
in
g
o
f
th
eo
r
etica
l
p
r
in
cip
les,
s
u
ch
as
S
SR
d
etec
tio
n
al
g
o
r
ith
m
s
.
W
h
ile
in
co
g
n
itiv
e
a
b
ilit
ies
,
th
ey
co
u
ld
i
m
p
r
o
v
e
cr
itical
th
in
k
in
g
an
d
p
r
o
b
lem
-
s
o
lv
in
g
s
k
ills
,
allo
win
g
th
em
to
an
aly
ze
d
ata
an
d
p
r
ed
ict
p
lan
t
b
eh
av
io
r
u
n
d
e
r
v
ar
io
u
s
o
p
er
atin
g
co
n
d
itio
n
s
.
An
d
r
eg
ar
d
in
g
o
p
er
atio
n
al
s
k
ills
,
th
er
e
ar
e
p
r
elim
in
ar
y
tr
ain
i
n
g
in
eq
u
i
p
m
en
t
o
p
er
atio
n
a
n
d
f
au
lt
d
ia
g
n
o
s
is
,
b
r
id
g
in
g
th
e
g
a
p
b
etwe
en
u
n
iv
er
s
ity
s
tu
d
ies
an
d
in
d
u
s
tr
ial
p
r
ac
tice.
Mo
r
eo
v
er
,
s
tu
d
ies
in
en
g
in
ee
r
in
g
ed
u
ca
tio
n
s
tr
o
n
g
ly
s
u
p
p
o
r
t
th
e
p
r
em
is
e
th
at
v
ir
tu
al
lab
o
r
ato
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ies
ar
e
m
o
s
t
e
f
f
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wh
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s
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t
o
co
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p
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t,
b
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c
o
m
p
letely
r
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,
p
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s
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h
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s
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A
b
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wh
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v
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tu
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u
latio
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p
r
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p
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s
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p
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to
teac
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co
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p
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d
p
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d
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r
es,
h
as b
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s
h
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wn
t
o
p
r
o
d
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ce
t
h
e
h
ig
h
est lea
r
n
in
g
o
u
tco
m
es a
n
d
p
e
r
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
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2
0
8
8
-
8
7
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I
n
t J E
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&
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p
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n
g
,
Vo
l.
1
6
,
No
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4
,
Au
g
u
s
t
20
2
6
:
1
6
7
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-
1687
1682
2
.
4
.
Sim
ula
t
i
o
n m
o
del f
o
r
SSR
s
t
ud
ie
s
T
h
e
ch
ar
ac
ter
is
tics
o
f
th
e
s
y
s
tem
f
o
r
s
tu
d
y
in
g
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R
in
th
er
m
al
p
o
wer
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y
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tem
s
co
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is
t
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o
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s
y
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tem
d
r
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g
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ce
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ter
ac
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n
d
g
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at
o
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d
y
n
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ics
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h
e
g
en
er
at
o
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d
r
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v
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a
an
i
n
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u
t
to
r
q
u
e
d
is
tu
r
b
an
ce
,
wh
ich
is
co
n
s
id
er
ed
to
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aly
ze
h
o
w
o
s
cillatio
n
s
ar
e
in
d
u
ce
d
i
n
th
e
s
y
s
tem
.
W
h
ile,
th
e
m
o
d
el
as
r
ep
r
esen
ted
in
Fig
u
r
e
5
f
o
cu
s
es
o
n
th
e
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tr
o
m
ec
h
a
n
ical
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ter
ac
tio
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r
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en
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ated
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s
m
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io
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.
T
h
e
d
etailed
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iew
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u
r
e
6
,
wh
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h
e
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r
e
5
.
s
im
u
latio
n
m
o
d
el
f
o
r
r
esp
o
n
s
e
o
f
b
en
ch
m
ar
k
s
y
s
te
m
with
s
er
ies ca
p
ac
ito
r
co
m
p
e
n
s
ato
r
[
2
8
]
Fig
u
r
e
6
.
T
h
e
i
n
s
id
e
o
f
s
er
ies
RL
b
lo
ck
Fig
u
r
e
7
.
T
h
e
in
s
id
e
o
f
g
en
e
r
a
to
r
b
lo
ck
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
t J E
lec
&
C
o
m
p
E
n
g
I
SS
N:
2088
-
8
7
0
8
Tea
ch
in
g
a
n
a
lysi
s
o
f su
b
-
s
yn
c
h
r
o
n
o
u
s
r
eso
n
a
n
ce
o
f th
erma
l
p
o
w
er p
la
n
ts
…
(
S
u
g
ia
r
to
K
a
d
ima
n
)
1683
T
h
is
ed
u
ca
tio
n
al
MA
T
L
AB
GUI
-
b
ased
s
im
u
latio
n
to
o
l
p
r
o
v
id
es
a
co
m
p
r
e
h
en
s
iv
e
p
la
tf
o
r
m
f
o
r
s
tu
d
y
in
g
SS
R
in
th
er
m
al
p
o
wer
p
lan
ts
,
s
p
ec
if
ically
f
o
cu
s
in
g
o
n
th
e
in
ter
ac
tio
n
s
b
etwe
en
th
e
elec
tr
ical
n
etwo
r
k
an
d
th
e
m
ec
h
an
ical
s
h
af
t
s
y
s
tem
u
n
d
er
to
r
q
u
e
d
is
tu
r
b
an
ce
.
Key
f
ea
tu
r
es
o
f
th
e
s
im
u
latio
n
to
o
l
in
clu
d
e
s
y
s
tem
m
o
d
elin
g
,
t
o
r
q
u
e
d
is
tu
r
b
an
ce
test
in
g
,
i
n
ter
ac
tiv
e
GUI
i
n
ter
f
ac
e
,
e
d
u
ca
tio
n
a
l
u
tility
,
an
d
r
esu
lt
an
aly
s
is
,
s
h
o
wn
in
Fig
u
r
e
8
.
T
h
e
m
o
d
el
ce
r
tain
ly
s
im
u
late
s
th
e
I
E
E
E
f
ir
s
t
b
en
ch
m
ar
k
m
o
d
el,
in
v
o
lv
in
g
a
s
team
tu
r
b
in
e
-
g
en
er
ato
r
co
n
n
ec
ted
to
a
s
er
ies
-
co
m
p
en
s
ate
d
tr
an
s
m
is
s
io
n
lin
e.
Me
an
w
h
ile,
t
h
e
s
im
u
latio
n
allo
ws
f
o
r
test
in
g
th
e
s
y
s
tem
r
esp
o
n
s
e
to
d
is
tu
r
b
a
n
ce
s
(
e.
g
.
,
th
r
ee
-
p
h
ase
f
au
lts
,
s
witch
in
g
ev
en
ts
)
,
wh
ich
ca
n
ex
cite
to
r
s
io
n
al
o
s
cillatio
n
s
o
n
th
e
s
h
af
t.
T
h
e
n
,
a
s
s
h
o
wn
i
n
Fig
u
r
e
9
a
n
d
Fig
u
r
e
10
(
r
e
p
r
esen
tin
g
th
e
m
ai
n
m
en
u
)
,
th
e
in
te
r
f
ac
e
en
ab
les u
s
er
s
to
c
h
an
g
e
o
p
er
atin
g
co
n
d
itio
n
s
(
e.
g
.
,
co
m
p
en
s
atio
n
lev
el
s
,
lo
ad
in
g
)
, i
n
itiate
tr
an
s
ien
t
s
im
u
latio
n
s
,
an
d
o
b
s
er
v
e
r
esu
lts
,
s
u
ch
as
r
o
to
r
s
p
ee
d
,
ca
p
ac
ito
r
v
o
ltag
e,
a
n
d
to
r
q
u
e
am
p
lific
atio
n
s
b
etwe
en
tu
r
b
in
e
g
en
e
r
ato
r
s
h
af
ts
.
Fin
ally
,
r
eg
ar
d
i
n
g
e
d
u
ca
tio
n
al
u
tili
ty
,
t
h
is
to
o
l
is
u
s
ed
f
o
r
teac
h
i
n
g
SS
R
,
in
clu
d
in
g
i
n
d
u
ctio
n
g
e
n
er
ato
r
e
f
f
ec
t
,
t
o
r
s
io
n
al
i
n
ter
ac
tio
n
,
an
d
t
o
r
q
u
e
a
m
p
lific
atio
n
.
B
y
en
ab
lin
g
i
n
ter
ac
tiv
e
p
ar
am
eter
ad
j
u
s
tm
en
ts
,
t
h
e
GUI
is
d
esig
n
ed
to
s
im
p
lify
th
e
an
aly
s
is
o
f
co
m
p
le
x
SS
R
p
h
en
o
m
en
a,
p
r
o
v
id
in
g
v
is
u
al
f
ee
d
b
ac
k
an
d
allo
win
g
in
ter
ac
tiv
e
p
ar
am
eter
ad
ju
s
tm
en
ts
to
s
tu
d
y
h
o
w
SS
R
af
f
ec
ts
th
e
s
h
af
t
ass
em
b
ly
[
2
9
]
–
[
3
1
]
.
T
h
e
f
au
lt
im
p
ed
an
ce
is
0
.
0
4
p
.
u
.
to
m
ak
e
a
ca
p
ac
ito
r
tr
an
s
i
en
t
v
o
ltag
e
co
m
in
g
clo
s
e
to
t
h
e
lo
wer
g
ap
cir
c
u
m
s
tan
ce
s
f
o
r
th
e
d
u
r
atio
n
o
f
th
e
f
a
u
lt.
T
h
e
p
h
ase
t
o
g
r
o
u
n
d
f
au
lt
h
as
b
ee
n
in
s
tep
at
b
u
s
B
f
o
r
p
er
io
d
o
f
0
.
0
7
5
s
ec
(
f
o
u
r
an
d
o
n
e
-
h
al
f
cy
cles
at
6
0
Hz)
,
f
r
o
m
0
.
1
s
ec
o
n
d
s
to
0
.
1
7
5
s
ec
o
n
d
s
an
d
r
etu
r
n
in
g
to
its
p
r
e
-
d
is
tu
r
b
an
ce
v
alu
e
a
f
ter
th
at
.
T
h
e
v
alu
e
o
f
an
d
ℎ
ar
e
to
co
n
tin
u
e
co
n
s
tan
t
at
th
eir
p
r
e
-
d
is
tu
r
b
an
ce
lev
el.
Pre
v
io
u
s
to
d
is
tu
r
b
an
ce
,
th
e
s
y
s
tem
is
in
itialized
with
th
e
p
r
o
ce
s
s
co
n
d
itio
n
wh
er
e
g
en
er
ato
r
d
eliv
er
0
.
9
p
.
u
.
p
o
wer
at
a
p
o
wer
f
ac
to
r
o
f
0
.
9
lag
g
in
g
to
its
ter
m
in
al,
an
d
th
e
m
ag
n
itu
d
e
o
f
its
ter
m
in
al
v
o
ltag
e
is
1
p
.
u
.
W
ith
th
e
s
y
s
tem
in
itialized
,
th
e
u
n
s
tab
le
o
s
cillatio
n
s
ar
e
s
m
all.
T
h
e
d
is
tu
r
b
an
ce
f
o
r
m
ed
b
y
a
s
u
d
d
en
d
r
o
p
in
b
u
s
4
v
o
ltag
e
p
u
r
ely
ac
ce
ler
ate
th
e
g
r
o
wth
o
f
t
h
e
u
n
s
tab
le
o
s
cillati
o
n
.
Fig
u
r
e
8
.
T
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
s
im
u
la
to
r
with
GUI
Fig
u
r
e
9
.
T
h
e
m
ain
win
d
o
w
o
f
th
e
b
u
ild
o
n
to
o
l
Fig
u
r
e
1
0
.
T
h
e
win
d
o
w
o
f
co
m
p
en
s
atin
g
tak
in
g
3.
SI
M
UL
A
T
I
O
N
S AN
D
R
E
S
UL
T
S
T
h
e
MA
T
L
AB
/Si
m
u
lin
k
s
im
u
latio
n
en
v
ir
o
n
m
en
t
is
u
s
ed
to
m
o
d
el
a
p
o
wer
s
y
s
tem
th
at
en
co
m
p
ass
es
a
m
u
lti
-
m
ass
m
o
d
el,
a
s
y
n
c
h
r
o
n
o
u
s
g
en
er
ato
r
,
a
tu
r
b
in
e,
an
ex
citer
,
a
tr
a
n
s
m
is
s
io
n
lin
e,
an
d
a
n
in
f
i
n
ite
s
o
u
r
ce
,
co
n
s
is
ten
t
with
th
e
s
et
u
p
d
escr
ib
ed
in
[
2
5
]
.
T
h
e
s
y
s
tem
is
in
itialized
to
a
s
p
ec
if
ic,
p
o
ten
tially
wea
k
,
o
p
er
atin
g
p
o
in
t
wh
e
r
e
s
m
all,
in
itially
m
in
o
r
,
u
n
s
tab
le
o
s
cillatio
n
s
ex
is
t.
A
m
u
lti
-
m
ass
m
o
d
el
is
u
tili
ze
d
to
r
ep
r
esen
t
th
e
tu
r
b
in
e
-
g
e
n
er
ato
r
m
ec
h
an
ical
d
r
iv
etr
ain
,
o
f
ten
n
ec
ess
itated
to
an
aly
ze
SS
R
o
r
to
r
s
io
n
al
m
o
d
es.
T
h
e
m
o
d
e
l
,
as
d
es
c
r
i
b
e
d
i
n
F
ig
u
r
e
1
o
f
t
y
p
i
c
a
l
s
t
u
d
i
e
s
,
f
e
a
t
u
r
e
s
a
s
y
n
c
h
r
o
n
o
u
s
m
a
c
h
i
n
e
(
wi
t
h
g
o
v
e
r
n
o
r
/
t
u
r
b
i
n
e
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
0
8
8
-
8
7
0
8
I
n
t J E
lec
&
C
o
m
p
E
n
g
,
Vo
l.
1
6
,
No
.
4
,
Au
g
u
s
t
20
2
6
:
1
6
7
7
-
1687
1684
a
n
d
e
x
c
i
t
e
r
b
l
o
c
k
s
)
co
n
n
ec
ted
to
a
g
r
i
d
,
o
f
ten
r
e
p
r
esen
ted
b
y
an
in
f
in
ite
b
u
s
.
T
h
e
s
y
s
tem
is
s
et
u
p
to
ex
h
ib
it
lo
w
-
f
r
eq
u
e
n
cy
o
r
to
r
s
io
n
al
o
s
cillatio
n
s
th
at
ar
e
in
itially
p
r
e
s
en
t
(
u
n
s
tab
le
b
u
t
s
m
all)
.
A
s
u
d
d
en
v
o
ltag
e
d
r
o
p
s
(
e.
g
.
,
at
b
u
s
4
)
r
e
d
u
ce
s
th
e
p
o
wer
tr
an
s
f
er
ca
p
ab
ilit
y
,
ac
tin
g
as
a
d
is
tu
r
b
an
ce
th
at
tr
ig
g
er
s
o
r
ex
ac
er
b
ates
th
ese
s
m
all
o
s
cillatio
n
s
,
ca
u
s
in
g
th
em
to
g
r
o
w
r
ap
id
l
y
.
B
ased
o
n
th
e
d
escr
ip
tio
n
p
r
o
v
id
ed
,
h
er
e
is
a
s
u
m
m
ar
y
o
f
th
e
b
en
ch
m
ar
k
s
y
s
tem
r
esp
o
n
s
es
to
a
d
r
o
p
in
4
as
s
h
o
wn
in
Fig
u
r
es
1
1
to
1
5
)
.
Fig
u
r
e
1
1
d
is
p
lay
s
t
h
e
v
o
ltag
e
ac
r
o
s
s
th
e
ca
p
ac
ito
r
ex
p
e
r
ien
ce
s
s
ig
n
if
ican
t
tr
an
s
ien
t
v
ar
iatio
n
s
,
r
ea
ch
in
g
u
p
to
2
p
.
u
.
,
b
u
t
s
tab
ilizes
to
a
co
n
s
tan
t
v
alu
e
w
ith
in
0
.
6
5
s
ec
o
n
d
s
.
Fig
u
r
e
1
2
s
h
o
ws
t
h
e
m
ac
h
in
e
p
h
ase
v
o
ltag
e
d
is
p
lay
s
th
e
v
ar
iatio
n
o
f
th
e
m
ac
h
in
e
c
u
r
r
e
n
t
in
p
e
r
u
n
it
.
Fro
m
th
e
g
r
a
p
h
,
it
is
r
ea
lized
th
at
th
e
m
ac
h
in
e
p
h
ase
cu
r
r
e
n
t
is
o
s
cillato
r
y
.
Fig
u
r
e
1
3
d
e
m
o
n
s
tr
ates
th
e
SS
R
o
s
cillatio
n
s
b
etwe
en
th
e
tu
r
b
i
n
e
an
d
g
en
er
ato
r
ca
u
s
e
th
e
to
r
q
u
e
to
s
u
r
g
e
u
p
t
o
2
p
.
u
.
s
ettlin
g
to
a
lo
wer
lev
el
af
ter
0
.
1
s
ec
o
n
d
s
.
Fig
u
r
e
1
1
.
Var
iatio
n
o
f
v
o
ltag
e
ac
r
o
s
s
ca
p
ac
ito
r
Fig
u
r
e
1
2
.
Var
iatio
n
o
f
m
ac
h
i
n
e
cu
r
r
en
t in
p
h
ase
a
Fig
u
r
e
1
3
.
Gen
er
ato
r
elec
tr
ical
to
r
q
u
e
Fig
u
r
e
1
4
d
is
p
lay
s
t
h
e
s
h
af
t
to
r
q
u
e
b
etwe
en
th
e
lo
w
-
p
r
ess
u
r
e
tu
r
b
in
es
(
L
PA
an
d
L
PB
)
o
s
cillates
d
u
e
to
SS
R
p
h
en
o
m
en
a.
Fig
u
r
e
1
5
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Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
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I
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DATA AV
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RE
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NC
E
S
[
1
]
P
.
M
.
A
n
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so
n
,
B
.
L.
A
g
r
a
w
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l
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n
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Sub
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Y
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S
A
:
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e
ss,
1
9
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0
.
[
2
]
R
.
N
.
D
a
m
a
s,
Y
.
S
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n
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M
.
Y
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n
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S
.
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K
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n
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