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[
1
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–
[
3
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.
T
h
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p
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[
4]
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ab
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co
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[
5
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,
[
6
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.
Un
lik
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s
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eq
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414
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ca
p
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with
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ate
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leak
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[
8
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.
As
C
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tech
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u
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to
s
ca
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in
to
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leak
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cu
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en
t,
p
r
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p
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d
elay
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an
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m
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cr
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ch
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at
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p
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icien
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o
f
co
n
v
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ti
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DR
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ar
ch
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r
es
[
9
]
,
[
1
0
]
.
Sev
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[
1
1
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[
1
3
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.
T
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p
tio
n
with
o
u
t
r
eq
u
ir
in
g
m
ajo
r
m
o
d
if
icatio
n
s
to
th
e
m
em
o
r
y
ar
ch
itectu
r
e.
Nev
e
r
th
eless
,
leak
ag
e
r
e
d
u
ctio
n
tech
n
iq
u
es
alo
n
e
ar
e
i
n
s
u
f
f
icien
t
to
o
v
e
r
co
m
e
th
e
p
e
r
f
o
r
m
an
ce
d
eg
r
ad
atio
n
ass
o
ciate
d
with
ag
g
r
es
s
iv
e
co
m
p
lem
en
tar
y
m
etal
-
o
x
id
e
-
s
em
ico
n
d
u
cto
r
(
C
MO
S
)
tech
n
o
lo
g
y
s
ca
lin
g
.
T
o
ad
d
r
ess
th
ese
li
m
itatio
n
s
,
f
in
f
ield
-
ef
f
ec
t
tr
a
n
s
is
to
r
(
Fin
FET
)
tech
n
o
lo
g
y
h
as
em
er
g
ed
as
an
attr
ac
tiv
e
alter
n
ativ
e
to
c
o
n
v
en
tio
n
al
p
la
n
ar
MO
SF
E
T
s
f
o
r
ad
v
a
n
ce
d
tec
h
n
o
l
o
g
y
n
o
d
es
b
elo
w
2
2
n
m
[
1
4
]
–
[
1
7
]
.
Owin
g
to
its
th
r
ee
-
d
im
e
n
s
io
n
al
g
ate
s
tr
u
ctu
r
e,
Fin
FET
p
r
o
v
id
es
s
u
p
e
r
io
r
elec
tr
o
s
tatic
co
n
tr
o
l
o
v
er
th
e
c
h
an
n
el,
ef
f
ec
tiv
ely
s
u
p
p
r
ess
in
g
s
h
o
r
t
-
c
h
an
n
el
ef
f
e
cts,
r
ed
u
cin
g
lea
k
ag
e
cu
r
r
en
t,
an
d
im
p
r
o
v
in
g
p
r
o
ce
s
s
v
a
r
iatio
n
to
ler
an
ce
[
1
8
]
.
I
n
ad
d
itio
n
,
Fi
n
FET
d
ev
ices
ex
h
ib
it
h
ig
h
er
d
r
iv
e
c
u
r
r
e
n
t,
lo
wer
p
r
o
p
a
g
atio
n
d
elay
,
im
p
r
o
v
e
d
wr
ite/r
ea
d
s
tab
ilit
y
,
an
d
r
ed
u
ce
d
p
o
wer
-
d
elay
p
r
o
d
u
ct
co
m
p
a
r
ed
with
co
n
v
en
tio
n
al
C
MO
S
tech
n
o
lo
g
y
[
1
9
]
–
[
2
1
]
.
T
h
ese
ch
ar
ac
ter
is
tics
m
ak
e
Fin
FET
tech
n
o
lo
g
y
p
a
r
ticu
lar
ly
s
u
itab
le
f
o
r
im
p
le
m
en
tin
g
n
e
x
t
-
g
en
er
atio
n
lo
w
-
p
o
wer
a
n
d
h
ig
h
-
s
p
ee
d
m
em
o
r
y
cir
c
u
its
[2
2]
.
R
ec
en
t
s
tu
d
ies
h
av
e
in
v
esti
g
ated
v
ar
io
u
s
DR
AM
ar
ch
itectu
r
es
b
ased
o
n
Fin
FET
d
ev
ices,
lo
w
-
tr
a
n
s
is
to
r
-
co
u
n
t
m
em
o
r
y
ce
lls
,
an
d
leak
ag
e
r
ed
u
ctio
n
tech
n
iq
u
es
[
2
3
]
–
[
2
7
]
.
Alth
o
u
g
h
th
ese
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
es
h
av
e
d
e
m
o
n
s
tr
ate
d
im
p
r
o
v
em
en
ts
in
eith
er
p
o
wer
e
f
f
icien
cy
o
r
o
p
er
atin
g
s
p
ee
d
,
m
o
s
t
s
tu
d
ies
f
o
c
u
s
o
n
a
s
in
g
le
o
p
tim
iza
tio
n
s
tr
ateg
y
.
T
h
e
co
m
b
in
ed
ad
v
a
n
tag
es
o
f
Fin
FET
tech
n
o
lo
g
y
a
n
d
s
leep
tr
an
s
is
to
r
-
b
ased
p
o
wer
g
atin
g
h
av
e
n
o
t
b
ee
n
f
u
lly
ex
p
lo
r
ed
f
o
r
lo
w
-
tr
a
n
s
is
to
r
-
co
u
n
t
DR
AM
ce
lls
[
2
8
]
.
Fu
r
t
h
er
m
o
r
e
,
co
m
p
r
eh
e
n
s
iv
e
ev
al
u
atio
n
s
o
f
m
u
ltip
le
Fin
FET
DR
AM
co
n
f
ig
u
r
atio
n
s
u
n
d
er
id
e
n
tical
d
esig
n
co
n
d
it
io
n
s
r
em
ain
lim
ited
[
2
9
]
,
[
3
0
]
.
T
o
ad
d
r
ess
th
ese
r
esear
ch
g
ap
s
,
th
is
p
ap
er
p
r
o
p
o
s
es
th
r
ee
n
o
v
el
Fin
FET
-
b
ased
DR
AM
ar
ch
itectu
r
es
in
co
r
p
o
r
atin
g
s
leep
tr
an
s
is
to
r
tech
n
iq
u
es,
n
am
ely
a
2
T
-
D
R
AM
w
ith
s
leep
tr
an
s
i
s
to
r
s
an
d
two
d
if
f
er
en
t
co
n
f
ig
u
r
atio
n
s
o
f
3
T
-
DR
AM
with
s
leep
tr
an
s
is
to
r
s
.
T
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
d
esig
n
s
co
m
b
in
e
th
e
s
u
p
er
io
r
s
witch
in
g
ch
ar
ac
ter
is
tics
o
f
Fin
FET
d
e
v
ices
with
p
o
wer
-
g
atin
g
m
ec
h
an
is
m
s
to
r
ed
u
ce
leak
ag
e,
d
y
n
am
ic,
an
d
s
h
o
r
t
-
cir
cu
it
p
o
wer
wh
ile
im
p
r
o
v
in
g
r
ea
d
an
d
wr
i
te
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
c
e.
T
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
m
e
m
o
r
y
ce
ll
s
ar
e
d
esig
n
ed
an
d
an
aly
ze
d
u
s
in
g
t
h
e
ca
d
e
n
ce
v
ir
tu
o
s
o
an
al
o
g
d
esig
n
e
n
v
ir
o
n
m
en
t
.
Simu
latio
n
r
esu
lts
d
em
o
n
s
tr
ate
s
u
b
s
tan
tial
r
ed
u
ctio
n
s
in
p
r
o
p
ag
atio
n
d
el
ay
an
d
p
o
wer
c
o
n
s
u
m
p
tio
n
,
i
n
d
icatin
g
th
at
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
a
r
ch
ite
ctu
r
es
p
r
o
v
i
d
e
an
ef
f
ec
tiv
e
s
o
lu
tio
n
f
o
r
f
u
t
u
r
e
h
ig
h
-
s
p
ee
d
,
lo
w
-
p
o
wer
em
b
e
d
d
ed
m
e
m
o
r
y
an
d
VL
SI
a
p
p
li
ca
tio
n
s
.
2.
O
P
E
RAT
I
NG
P
RINC
I
P
L
E
O
F
F
I
NF
E
T
DR
AM
C
E
L
L
S
2
.
1
.
O
pera
t
ing
princip
le
o
f
co
nv
ent
io
na
l
2
T
F
inFE
T
DR
AM
ce
ll
T
h
e
co
n
v
en
tio
n
al
2
T
Fin
FE
T
DR
AM
ce
ll
is
illu
s
tr
ated
in
Fig
u
r
e
1
.
I
t
c
o
n
s
is
ts
o
f
t
wo
Fin
FET
tr
an
s
is
to
r
s
an
d
o
n
e
s
to
r
a
g
e
ca
p
ac
ito
r
f
o
r
s
to
r
in
g
a
s
in
g
le
b
it
o
f
in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
.
T
h
e
ce
ll
o
p
er
ates
in
two
m
o
d
es:
wr
ite
an
d
r
ea
d
.
Du
r
in
g
th
e
wr
ite
o
p
er
atio
n
,
th
e
wr
ite
wo
r
d
l
in
e
(
W
W
L
)
is
ac
tiv
at
ed
,
allo
win
g
th
e
d
ata
o
n
th
e
wr
ite
b
it
lin
e
(
W
B
L
)
to
c
h
a
r
g
e
o
r
d
is
ch
ar
g
e
th
e
s
to
r
ag
e
ca
p
ac
ito
r
ac
c
o
r
d
i
n
g
to
th
e
in
p
u
t
lo
g
ic
lev
el.
A
ch
ar
g
e
d
ca
p
ac
ito
r
r
ep
r
esen
t
s
lo
g
ic
'
1
'
,
wh
er
ea
s
a
d
is
ch
ar
g
ed
ca
p
ac
ito
r
r
e
p
r
esen
ts
lo
g
ic
'
0
'
.
Du
r
in
g
th
e
r
ea
d
o
p
er
atio
n
,
th
e
wr
ite
p
ath
is
d
is
ab
led
an
d
th
e
r
ea
d
wo
r
d
lin
e
(
R
W
L
)
is
en
ab
led
.
T
h
e
s
to
r
ed
ch
ar
g
e
co
n
tr
o
ls
th
e
co
n
d
u
ctio
n
s
tate
o
f
th
e
r
ea
d
t
r
an
s
is
to
r
,
th
er
eb
y
p
r
o
d
u
cin
g
t
h
e
co
r
r
esp
o
n
d
in
g
lo
g
ic
lev
el
at
th
e
r
ea
d
b
it
lin
e
(
R
B
L
)
.
Sin
ce
th
e
s
to
r
ed
ch
ar
g
e
g
r
ad
u
ally
leak
s
th
r
o
u
g
h
p
a
r
a
s
itic
leak
ag
e
cu
r
r
en
ts
,
p
er
io
d
ic
r
ef
r
esh
o
p
er
atio
n
s
ar
e
r
eq
u
ir
e
d
to
p
r
eser
v
e
th
e
s
to
r
ed
d
ata.
2
.
2
.
O
pera
t
ing
princip
le
o
f
co
nv
ent
io
na
l
3
T
F
inFE
T
DR
AM
ce
ll
T
h
e
co
n
v
en
tio
n
al
3
T
Fin
FET
DR
AM
ce
ll
is
s
h
o
wn
in
Fig
u
r
e
2
.
T
h
e
ci
r
cu
it
co
n
s
is
ts
o
f
th
r
ee
Fin
FET
tr
an
s
is
to
r
s
an
d
o
n
e
s
to
r
a
g
e
ca
p
ac
ito
r
.
C
o
m
p
ar
ed
with
th
e
2
T
s
tr
u
ctu
r
e,
th
e
a
d
d
itio
n
al
tr
a
n
s
is
to
r
p
r
o
v
i
d
es
an
in
d
ep
en
d
en
t
r
ea
d
p
ath
,
th
e
r
e
b
y
im
p
r
o
v
in
g
r
ea
d
s
tab
ilit
y
an
d
m
in
im
izin
g
d
is
tu
r
b
an
ce
to
th
e
s
to
r
ed
d
ata.
Du
r
in
g
th
e
wr
ite
o
p
er
atio
n
,
th
e
W
W
L
is
as
s
er
ted
wh
ile
th
e
R
W
L
r
em
ain
s
in
ac
tiv
e.
T
h
e
in
p
u
t
d
ata
ap
p
lied
to
th
e
W
B
L
ch
ar
g
es
o
r
d
is
ch
ar
g
es
th
e
s
to
r
ag
e
ca
p
ac
ito
r
,
r
ep
r
e
s
en
tin
g
lo
g
ic
'
1
'
o
r
lo
g
ic
'
0
'
,
r
esp
ec
tiv
ely
.
Du
r
in
g
th
e
r
ea
d
o
p
er
atio
n
,
W
W
L
is
d
ea
ctiv
ated
an
d
R
W
L
is
en
ab
le
d
.
T
h
e
v
o
ltag
e
s
to
r
e
d
in
th
e
ca
p
ac
ito
r
co
n
tr
o
ls
th
e
r
ea
d
tr
an
s
is
to
r
,
allo
win
g
th
e
s
to
r
ed
d
ata
t
o
b
e
s
en
s
ed
at
th
e
R
B
L
.
T
h
e
s
ep
ar
ated
r
ea
d
a
n
d
wr
ite
p
ath
s
r
ed
u
ce
r
ea
d
d
is
tu
r
b
a
n
ce
an
d
im
p
r
o
v
e
ac
ce
s
s
r
eliab
ilit
y
co
m
p
ar
ed
with
th
e
co
n
v
en
tio
n
al
2
T
DR
AM
ce
ll.
Nev
er
th
eless
,
as
a
d
y
n
am
ic
m
em
o
r
y
s
tr
u
ctu
r
e
,
th
e
s
to
r
ed
ch
ar
g
e
g
r
ad
u
ally
d
ec
ay
s
o
v
e
r
tim
e
d
u
e
to
leak
ag
e
cu
r
r
en
ts
,
m
ak
i
n
g
p
e
r
io
d
ic
r
e
f
r
esh
o
p
er
atio
n
s
n
ec
ess
ar
y
t
o
m
ain
tain
d
ata
in
teg
r
ity
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
d
o
n
esian
J
E
lec
E
n
g
&
C
o
m
p
Sci
I
SS
N:
2502
-
4
7
5
2
Lo
w
-
p
o
w
er h
ig
h
-
s
p
ee
d
F
in
F
E
T DR
A
M a
r
r
a
y
u
s
in
g
s
leep
tr
a
n
s
is
to
r
s
(
N
P
r
a
ve
en
a
)
415
Fig
u
r
e
1
.
C
o
n
v
en
tio
n
al
2T
-
D
R
AM
Fig
u
r
e
2
.
C
o
n
v
en
tio
n
al
3T
-
D
R
AM
3.
M
E
T
H
O
D
3
.
1
.
P
r
o
po
s
ed
des
ig
n a
nd
im
plem
ent
a
t
io
n
T
h
e
o
v
er
all
d
esig
n
m
eth
o
d
o
l
o
g
y
ad
o
p
ted
in
th
is
s
tu
d
y
is
illu
s
tr
ated
in
Fig
u
r
e
3
.
T
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
wo
r
k
f
lo
w
b
e
g
in
s
with
th
e
s
elec
tio
n
o
f
co
n
v
en
tio
n
al
2
T
an
d
3
T
DR
AM
ce
lls
im
p
lem
e
n
ted
u
s
in
g
F
in
FET
tech
n
o
lo
g
y
as
th
e
b
aselin
e
ar
ch
itectu
r
es.
Su
b
s
eq
u
en
tly
,
th
e
s
leep
tr
an
s
is
to
r
tech
n
iq
u
e
is
in
co
r
p
o
r
ated
in
to
th
e
co
n
v
en
tio
n
al
ce
lls
to
r
ed
u
ce
leak
ag
e
p
o
wer
wh
ile
p
r
eser
v
in
g
th
eir
o
p
e
r
atin
g
ch
a
r
ac
ter
is
tics
.
T
h
e
m
o
d
if
ied
m
em
o
r
y
ce
lls
ar
e
t
h
en
d
es
ig
n
ed
a
n
d
s
im
u
lated
u
s
in
g
ca
d
en
ce
v
i
r
tu
o
s
o
[
3
1
]
.
Fin
ally
,
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
ar
ch
itectu
r
es
ar
e
ev
alu
ate
d
in
ter
m
s
o
f
wr
ite
d
ela
y
,
r
e
ad
d
elay
,
a
n
d
p
o
wer
co
n
s
u
m
p
tio
n
,
a
n
d
th
eir
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
is
c
o
m
p
ar
e
d
wi
th
th
e
c
o
n
v
e
n
tio
n
al
d
esig
n
s
to
d
eter
m
in
e
th
e
e
f
f
ec
tiv
en
es
s
o
f
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
.
Fig
u
r
e
3
.
Flo
wch
ar
t
o
f
th
e
m
et
h
o
d
o
lo
g
y
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
5
0
2
-
4
7
5
2
I
n
d
o
n
esian
J
E
lec
E
n
g
&
C
o
m
p
Sci
,
Vo
l.
4
3
,
No
.
2
,
Au
g
u
s
t
20
2
6
:
4
1
3
-
4
2
4
416
Fig
u
r
e
3
p
r
esen
ts
th
e
co
m
p
lete
m
eth
o
d
o
lo
g
y
ad
o
p
te
d
in
th
is
wo
r
k
.
T
h
e
p
r
im
ar
y
o
b
jectiv
e
is
to
o
p
tim
ize
th
e
PP
A
ch
ar
ac
ter
is
tics
o
f
D
R
AM
ce
ll
s
.
Sin
ce
D
R
AM
in
h
er
en
tly
o
cc
u
p
ies
a
s
m
aller
s
ilico
n
ar
ea
th
an
SR
AM
,
an
d
tech
n
o
lo
g
y
s
ca
lin
g
h
as
alr
ea
d
y
m
in
im
iz
ed
th
e
c
ell
ar
ea
,
th
is
wo
r
k
p
r
im
ar
ily
f
o
c
u
s
es
o
n
r
ed
u
cin
g
p
o
wer
c
o
n
s
u
m
p
tio
n
an
d
im
p
r
o
v
in
g
o
p
e
r
atin
g
s
p
ee
d
.
T
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
m
eth
o
d
o
lo
g
y
co
m
b
in
es
Fin
FET
tech
n
o
lo
g
y
with
th
e
s
leep
tr
a
n
s
is
to
r
tech
n
iq
u
e.
Fin
FET
d
e
v
ices
p
r
o
v
id
e
s
u
p
e
r
io
r
elec
tr
o
s
tatic
co
n
tr
o
l
an
d
lo
wer
p
r
o
p
ag
atio
n
d
elay
t
h
an
co
n
v
e
n
tio
n
al
C
MO
S
tr
an
s
is
t
o
r
s
,
wh
ile
s
leep
tr
an
s
is
to
r
s
s
ig
n
if
ican
tly
r
e
d
u
ce
leak
ag
e
cu
r
r
e
n
t
d
u
r
in
g
s
tan
d
b
y
o
p
er
atio
n
.
T
h
e
ef
f
ec
tiv
e
n
ess
o
f
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
d
esig
n
s
is
ev
alu
ated
b
y
m
ea
s
u
r
in
g
th
e
r
ea
d
d
elay
,
wr
ite
d
elay
,
an
d
av
e
r
ag
e
p
o
wer
c
o
n
s
u
m
p
tio
n
,
f
o
llo
we
d
b
y
a
c
o
m
p
ar
ativ
e
an
al
y
s
is
with
th
e
co
n
v
e
n
tio
n
al
DR
AM
ar
ch
itectu
r
es.
T
h
e
s
leep
tr
an
s
is
to
r
tech
n
iq
u
e
em
p
lo
y
ed
i
n
th
is
wo
r
k
is
illu
s
tr
ated
in
Fig
u
r
e
4
.
A
s
leep
tr
an
s
is
to
r
is
a
h
ig
h
-
th
r
esh
o
ld
-
v
o
ltag
e
(
h
ig
h
-
(
V_
T
)
)
MO
SF
E
T
th
at
d
is
co
n
n
ec
ts
th
e
l
o
g
ic
cir
c
u
it
f
r
o
m
th
e
p
o
wer
s
u
p
p
ly
d
u
r
in
g
s
tan
d
b
y
m
o
d
e,
th
e
r
eb
y
m
in
im
izin
g
lea
k
ag
e
c
u
r
r
en
t.
Dep
en
d
in
g
o
n
its
lo
ca
tio
n
,
th
e
s
leep
tr
an
s
is
to
r
ca
n
b
e
im
p
lem
en
ted
eith
e
r
as
a
h
ea
d
er
s
witch
,
u
s
in
g
a
p
-
ty
p
e
MO
SF
E
T
co
n
n
ec
ted
b
etwe
en
th
e
cir
cu
it
an
d
th
e
(
V_
{DD
})
s
u
p
p
ly
,
o
r
as a
f
o
o
t
er
s
witch
,
u
s
in
g
an
n
-
ty
p
e
MO
SF
E
T
co
n
n
ec
ted
b
etwe
en
th
e
cir
cu
it a
n
d
g
r
o
u
n
d
.
As
s
h
o
wn
in
Fig
u
r
e
4
,
t
h
e
f
o
o
ter
-
s
witch
co
n
f
i
g
u
r
atio
n
is
ad
o
p
ted
b
ec
au
s
e
o
f
its
lo
wer
ar
ea
o
v
er
h
ea
d
a
n
d
ef
f
ec
tiv
e
leak
ag
e
r
e
d
u
ctio
n
.
D
u
r
in
g
ac
tiv
e
o
p
er
atio
n
,
th
e
s
leep
tr
an
s
is
to
r
r
em
ain
s
ON,
allo
win
g
th
e
cir
cu
it
to
f
u
n
ctio
n
n
o
r
m
ally
.
Du
r
in
g
s
tan
d
b
y
m
o
d
e,
it
is
tu
r
n
e
d
OFF,
ef
f
ec
tiv
ely
is
o
latin
g
th
e
cir
c
u
it
f
r
o
m
th
e
p
o
wer
s
u
p
p
ly
an
d
s
ig
n
if
ican
tly
r
ed
u
c
in
g
s
tatic
p
o
wer
d
is
s
ip
atio
n
wi
th
o
u
t a
f
f
ec
tin
g
n
o
r
m
al
r
ea
d
an
d
wr
ite
o
p
er
atio
n
s
.
Fig
u
r
e
4
.
B
lo
ck
d
iag
r
am
d
ep
ic
tin
g
s
leep
tr
an
s
is
to
r
tech
n
iq
u
e
As illu
s
tr
ated
in
F
ig
u
r
e
4
,
th
e
s
leep
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
d
ec
r
ea
s
es su
b
th
r
esh
o
ld
leak
a
g
e
b
y
s
ep
a
r
atin
g
th
e
g
ates
f
r
o
m
th
e
p
o
wer
s
o
u
r
ce
an
d
g
r
o
u
n
d
.
T
h
e
s
leep
tr
a
n
s
is
to
r
is
u
s
ed
b
etwe
en
VDD
an
d
th
e
p
u
ll
-
u
p
n
etwo
r
k
,
as
well
as
b
etwe
en
GND
an
d
th
e
p
u
ll
-
d
o
wn
n
etwo
r
k
,
i
n
th
is
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
.
I
n
id
le
m
o
d
e
,
t
h
e
s
leep
tr
an
s
is
to
r
s
witch
es
o
f
f
th
e
cir
c
u
it
b
y
s
h
u
ttin
g
o
f
f
th
e
p
o
wer
r
ails
,
th
u
s
r
ed
u
cin
g
leak
ag
e
p
o
wer
.
T
h
e
s
leep
tr
an
s
is
to
r
f
o
r
th
e
p
u
ll
u
p
n
etwo
r
k
is
M1
,
wh
er
ea
s
th
e
s
leep
tr
an
s
is
to
r
f
o
r
th
e
p
u
ll
-
d
o
wn
n
etwo
r
k
is
M2
.
T
h
ese
two
tr
an
s
is
to
r
s
s
af
eg
u
ar
d
th
e
lo
g
ic
g
ate.
3
.
1
.
1
.
2T
-
DRAM wit
h
s
lee
p
t
ra
ns
is
t
o
r
T
h
e
n
o
v
el
Fin
FET
2T
-
DR
AM
is
d
esig
n
ed
u
s
in
g
two
s
leep
tr
an
s
is
to
r
s
as
s
h
o
wn
in
th
e
Fig
u
r
e
5
.
T
h
e
two
s
leep
tr
an
s
is
to
r
s
–
o
n
e
P
MO
S
an
d
an
o
th
e
r
NM
OS
r
ec
eiv
e
in
v
er
ted
in
p
u
ts
s
o
th
at
it
h
elp
s
to
en
a
b
le
th
e
e
n
tire
cir
cu
itry
f
o
r
th
e
o
p
er
ati
o
n
s
to
b
e
co
n
d
u
cted
.
T
h
e
wr
it
e
tr
an
s
is
to
r
an
d
t
h
e
ca
p
ac
ito
r
wh
ich
is
g
r
o
u
n
d
e
d
is
p
lace
d
b
etwe
en
th
e
s
leep
tr
an
s
is
to
r
s
.
T
h
e
r
ea
d
tr
an
s
is
to
r
is
in
co
r
p
o
r
ated
t
o
war
d
s
th
e
r
ea
d
o
u
tp
u
t.
T
h
e
wr
it
e
an
d
r
ea
d
in
p
u
ts
ar
e
g
iv
en
to
t
h
e
wr
ite
an
d
r
ea
d
tr
an
s
is
to
r
s
r
esp
ec
tiv
ely
.
T
h
e
c
ir
cu
it
d
iag
r
am
o
f
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
2
T
-
DR
AM
with
s
leep
tr
an
s
is
t
o
r
s
is
as
s
h
o
wn
in
th
e
cir
c
u
it
d
iag
r
am
Fig
u
r
e
5
.
T
h
e
in
v
er
te
d
in
p
u
t
f
o
r
t
h
e
s
leep
tr
an
s
is
to
r
s
is
g
iv
en
v
ia
a
NOT
g
ate
as
s
h
o
wn
.
T
h
e
wr
ite
a
n
d
r
ea
d
o
p
er
ati
o
n
s
wav
ef
o
r
m
o
f
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
2
T
-
DR
AM
is
s
h
o
wn
in
Fig
u
r
e
6
.
an
d
Fig
u
r
e
7
r
esp
ec
tiv
ely
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
d
o
n
esian
J
E
lec
E
n
g
&
C
o
m
p
Sci
I
SS
N:
2502
-
4
7
5
2
Lo
w
-
p
o
w
er h
ig
h
-
s
p
ee
d
F
in
F
E
T DR
A
M a
r
r
a
y
u
s
in
g
s
leep
tr
a
n
s
is
to
r
s
(
N
P
r
a
ve
en
a
)
417
Fig
u
r
e
5
.
Pro
p
o
s
ed
2
T
-
DR
AM
with
s
leep
tr
an
s
is
to
r
s
T
h
e
wav
ef
o
r
m
s
s
h
o
w
th
at
th
e
wr
ite
an
d
r
ea
d
o
p
er
atio
n
s
o
cc
u
r
d
u
r
in
g
th
e
r
ea
d
an
d
wr
it
e
en
ab
led
p
er
io
d
s
.
I
n
Fig
u
r
e
6
i
t
ca
n
b
e
s
ee
n
th
at
w
r
ite
o
p
e
r
atio
n
h
ap
p
en
s
o
n
l
y
wh
e
n
s
leep
is
lo
g
ic
h
ig
h
.
W
h
en
W
is
h
ig
h
W
B
is
s
to
r
ed
to
th
e
ca
p
ac
ito
r
.
I
n
Fig
u
r
e
7
s
h
o
ws
r
e
ad
o
p
er
atio
n
o
f
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
2T
-
DR
AM
with
s
leep
tr
an
s
is
to
r
s
.
W
h
en
s
leep
an
d
R
is
h
ig
h
an
d
W
is
lo
w
th
e
ch
a
r
g
e
s
to
r
ed
in
ca
p
ac
ito
r
is
r
ead
.
Fig
u
r
e
8
s
h
o
w
s
ch
em
atics
o
f
t
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
2T
-
DR
AM
ar
r
a
y
.
T
h
e
s
ch
em
atic
was
b
u
ilt
in
ca
d
en
ce
an
d
th
e
r
ea
d
,
wr
ite
an
d
p
o
wer
p
lo
t
s
wer
e
o
b
tain
ed
f
o
r
th
e
s
am
e.
T
h
is
2
T
-
DR
AM
i
s
d
esig
n
ed
with
s
leep
tr
an
s
is
to
r
in
a
s
im
p
le
m
an
n
er
wh
e
r
e
th
er
e
is
th
e
ac
tu
al
cir
c
u
itry
o
f
t
h
e
ac
ce
s
s
tr
an
s
is
to
r
alter
n
ativ
e
to
th
e
two
s
leep
tr
an
s
is
to
r
s
.
Fig
u
r
e
6
.
W
r
ite
an
d
r
ea
d
o
p
er
a
tio
n
o
f
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
2T
-
DR
AM
with
s
leep
tr
an
s
i
s
to
r
s
Fig
u
r
e
7
.
R
ea
d
o
p
er
atio
n
o
f
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
2T
-
DR
AM
with
s
leep
tr
an
s
is
to
r
s
Fig
u
r
e
8
.
Sch
em
atic
o
f
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
2
T
-
D
R
AM
ar
r
ay
with
s
leep
tr
an
s
is
to
r
s
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
5
0
2
-
4
7
5
2
I
n
d
o
n
esian
J
E
lec
E
n
g
&
C
o
m
p
Sci
,
Vo
l.
4
3
,
No
.
2
,
Au
g
u
s
t
20
2
6
:
4
1
3
-
4
2
4
418
T
h
e
f
ir
s
t
s
tep
as
d
is
cu
s
s
ed
ea
r
lier
is
to
en
ab
le
th
e
s
leep
tr
a
n
s
is
to
r
s
.
On
ce
th
e
s
leep
tr
an
s
is
to
r
s
ar
e
en
ab
led
,
th
e
m
ai
n
cir
cu
itr
y
is
n
o
w
en
a
b
led
f
o
r
th
e
r
ea
d
a
n
d
wr
ite
o
p
er
atio
n
s
.
No
w,
th
e
ac
c
ess
tr
an
s
is
to
r
h
as
to
b
e
en
ab
le
d
f
o
r
o
p
er
atio
n
s
.
W
h
en
th
e
cir
cu
it
is
n
o
t
in
u
s
e
th
e
s
leep
tr
an
s
is
to
r
s
ar
e
o
f
f
wh
ich
p
r
e
v
en
ts
th
e
leak
ag
e
p
o
wer
.
T
o
wr
ite
lo
g
ic
‘
1
’
,
o
r
‘
0
’
,
W
h
as
to
b
e
d
r
i
v
e
n
h
ig
h
an
d
R
m
u
s
t
b
e
d
r
iv
en
t
o
lo
w
wh
ile
th
e
W
B
v
alu
e
is
‘
1
’
o
r
‘
0
’
r
esp
ec
tiv
ely
an
d
th
e
s
am
e
v
alu
e
will
b
e
wr
itten
in
th
e
s
to
r
ag
e
ca
p
ac
ito
r
.
Fo
r
r
ea
d
o
p
er
atio
n
,
th
e
R
is
d
r
iv
en
to
h
i
g
h
wh
ile
W
is
d
r
iv
en
to
lo
w,
th
e
v
alu
e
s
to
r
ed
in
ca
p
ac
ito
r
is
r
ea
d
f
r
o
m
th
e
o
u
tp
u
t
r
ea
d
.
3
.
1
.
2
.
3T
-
DRAM (
B
)
w
it
h
s
le
ep
t
ra
ns
is
t
o
r
T
h
e
n
o
v
el
Fin
FET
3T
-
DR
AM
d
esig
n
is
im
p
lem
en
ted
with
two
s
leep
tr
an
s
is
to
r
s
.
All
th
e
tr
an
s
is
to
r
s
u
s
ed
ar
e
n
MO
S
tr
an
s
is
to
r
s
.
T
wo
ca
p
ac
ito
r
s
ar
e
u
s
ed
to
s
to
r
e
th
e
wr
ite
v
alu
e
m
ak
i
n
g
th
e
cu
r
r
en
t
s
tead
y
a
n
d
th
e
o
u
t
p
u
t
r
ea
d
in
g
m
o
r
e
ac
cu
r
ate.
A
tr
an
s
is
to
r
is
p
lace
d
b
etwe
en
th
e
ca
p
ac
ito
r
s
th
at
ar
e
g
r
o
u
n
d
e
d
.
T
h
e
ce
n
tr
e
-
m
o
s
t
tr
an
s
is
to
r
is
d
r
iv
en
h
ig
h
d
u
r
in
g
b
o
t
h
th
e
wr
ite
an
d
r
ea
d
o
p
er
atio
n
.
W
h
ile
it
is
tu
r
n
ed
OFF
wh
en
th
e
cir
cu
itry
is
n
o
t
u
n
d
er
o
p
er
atio
n
.
T
h
e
wr
ite
tr
an
s
is
to
r
is
b
etw
ee
n
th
e
s
leep
tr
an
s
is
to
r
s
an
d
t
h
e
r
ea
d
tr
an
s
is
to
r
is
co
n
n
ec
ted
t
o
th
e
r
ea
d
lin
e.
T
h
e
cir
cu
it
d
ia
g
r
am
o
f
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
3
T
-
DR
AM
(
B
)
with
s
le
ep
tr
a
n
s
is
to
r
s
is
as
s
h
o
wn
in
th
e
cir
c
u
it d
iag
r
am
Fig
u
r
e
9
.
Fig
u
r
e
9
.
Pro
p
o
s
ed
3
T
-
DR
AM
(
B
)
with
s
leep
t
r
an
s
is
to
r
s
Fig
u
r
e
1
0
s
h
o
ws b
o
th
r
ea
d
an
d
wr
ite
o
p
er
atio
n
o
f
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
3T
-
DR
AM
(
B
)
with
s
leep
tr
an
s
is
to
r
s
.
Fo
r
wr
ite
o
p
er
atio
n
th
e
s
leep
an
d
t
h
e
W
m
u
s
t
b
e
lo
g
ic
h
ig
h
.
Fo
r
th
e
r
ea
d
o
p
e
r
atio
n
th
e
s
leep
a
n
d
R
m
u
s
t
b
e
lo
g
ic
h
ig
h
an
d
th
e
s
to
r
e
d
v
alu
e
i
n
ca
p
ac
ito
r
is
r
ea
d
.
Fig
u
r
e
1
0
.
W
r
ite
an
d
r
ea
d
o
p
e
r
atio
n
o
f
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
3T
-
DR
AM
(
B
)
with
s
leep
tr
an
s
is
to
r
s
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
d
o
n
esian
J
E
lec
E
n
g
&
C
o
m
p
Sci
I
SS
N:
2502
-
4
7
5
2
Lo
w
-
p
o
w
er h
ig
h
-
s
p
ee
d
F
in
F
E
T DR
A
M a
r
r
a
y
u
s
in
g
s
leep
tr
a
n
s
is
to
r
s
(
N
P
r
a
ve
en
a
)
419
T
h
e
Fig
u
r
e
1
1
s
h
o
w
th
e
s
ch
e
m
atic
o
f
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
3T
-
DR
AM
(
B
)
ar
r
ay
.
T
h
is
3
T
-
DR
AM
with
s
leep
tr
an
s
is
to
r
is
d
esig
n
ed
with
tw
o
s
leep
tr
an
s
is
to
r
s
h
av
in
g
th
e
s
am
e
in
p
u
t.
T
h
e
s
leep
tr
an
s
is
t
o
r
s
ar
e
en
ab
led
f
o
r
th
e
m
ain
cir
cu
itr
y
to
b
e
en
a
b
led
f
o
r
th
e
r
ea
d
an
d
wr
ite
o
p
er
atio
n
s
.
No
w,
th
e
ac
ce
s
s
tr
an
s
is
to
r
h
as
to
b
e
en
ab
led
f
o
r
o
p
er
atio
n
s
.
W
h
en
th
e
cir
cu
it
is
n
o
t
in
u
s
e
th
e
s
leep
tr
an
s
is
to
r
s
ar
e
o
f
f
w
h
ich
p
r
ev
en
ts
th
e
leak
ag
e
p
o
wer
.
T
h
e
ce
n
tr
e
-
m
o
s
t tr
an
s
is
to
r
is
also
en
ab
led
b
y
en
ab
lin
g
N
th
r
o
u
g
h
o
u
t th
e
o
p
er
atio
n
s
.
T
o
wr
ite
lo
g
ic
‘
1
’
,
o
r
‘
0
’
,
W
h
as
to
b
e
d
r
iv
en
h
ig
h
an
d
R
m
u
s
t b
e
d
r
iv
en
to
lo
w
wh
ile
th
e
W
B
v
alu
e
is
‘
1
’
o
r
‘
0
’
r
esp
ec
tiv
ely
an
d
th
e
s
am
e
v
alu
e
will b
e
wr
itten
in
th
e
s
to
r
ag
e
ca
p
ac
ito
r
s
.
Fo
r
r
ea
d
o
p
er
atio
n
,
th
e
R
is
d
r
iv
en
to
h
ig
h
wh
ile
W
is
d
r
iv
en
to
lo
w,
t
h
e
v
alu
e
s
to
r
e
d
in
t
h
e
ca
p
ac
ito
r
s
d
is
ch
ar
g
e
th
r
o
u
g
h
th
e
r
ea
d
ca
p
ac
ito
r
an
d
i
s
r
ea
d
at
th
e
o
u
t
p
u
t
ter
m
in
al.
Fig
u
r
e
11
.
Sch
em
atic
o
f
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
3T
-
DR
AM
(
B
)
ar
r
ay
with
s
leep
tr
an
s
is
to
r
s
3
.
1
.
3
.
3T
-
DRAM (
C)
wit
h sl
e
ep
t
ra
ns
is
t
o
rs
T
h
is
n
o
v
el
3T
-
DR
AM
is
im
p
lem
en
ted
with
th
r
ee
s
leep
tr
an
s
is
to
r
s
.
W
ith
o
n
e
p
MO
S
tr
an
s
is
to
r
at
th
e
wr
ite
lin
e
an
d
f
i
v
e
n
MO
S
tr
a
n
s
is
to
r
s
.
On
e
ca
p
ac
ito
r
is
u
s
e
d
to
s
to
r
e
th
e
wr
ite
v
alu
e
a
n
d
is
co
n
n
ec
ted
at
th
e
ce
n
tr
e
o
f
th
e
cir
cu
it.
T
h
e
g
r
o
u
n
d
o
f
th
e
ca
p
ac
ito
r
is
th
r
o
u
g
h
th
e
n
MO
S
tr
an
s
is
to
r
s
.
Un
lik
e
th
e
p
r
ev
io
u
s
cir
cu
its
th
e
s
leep
tr
a
n
s
is
to
r
is
g
iv
en
’
0
’
f
o
r
wr
ite
o
p
er
atio
n
an
d
is
g
i
v
en
‘
1
’
f
o
r
r
ea
d
o
p
e
r
atio
n
.
T
h
e
c
ir
c
u
it
d
iag
r
am
o
f
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
3
T
-
DR
AM
(
C
)
with
s
leep
tr
an
s
i
s
t
o
r
s
is
as
s
h
o
wn
in
th
e
cir
cu
it
d
iag
r
am
Fig
u
r
e
1
2
.
T
h
e
Fig
u
r
e.
1
3
s
h
o
ws
W
r
ite
Op
er
atio
n
o
f
Pro
p
o
s
ed
3
T
-
DR
AM
(
C
)
with
s
leep
tr
an
s
is
to
r
s
.
Fo
r
wr
ite
o
p
er
atio
n
th
e
s
leep
an
d
W
is
lo
g
ic
h
ig
h
an
d
th
e
v
alu
e
o
n
W
B
is
s
to
r
ed
in
to
th
e
ca
p
ac
ito
r
.
T
h
e
Fi
g
u
r
e1
4
s
h
o
ws
r
ea
d
o
p
er
atio
n
o
f
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
3T
-
DR
AM
(
C
)
with
s
leep
tr
an
s
is
to
r
s
.
Fo
r
r
ea
d
o
p
er
atio
n
th
e
s
leep
a
n
d
R
m
u
s
t
b
e
lo
g
ic
h
ig
h
an
d
W
m
u
s
t
b
e
lo
g
ic
lo
w
an
d
th
en
th
e
v
alu
e
s
to
r
ed
in
th
e
ca
p
ac
ito
r
is
r
ea
d
th
r
o
u
g
h
th
e
o
u
t
p
u
t
p
i
n
.
T
h
e
Fi
g
u
r
es
1
5
s
h
o
w
t
h
e
s
ch
em
atic
o
f
th
e
Pro
p
o
s
ed
3
T
-
DR
AM
(
C
)
ar
r
ay
.
T
h
e
d
esig
n
o
f
th
is
3
T
-
DR
AM
with
s
leep
tr
an
s
is
to
r
is
d
o
n
e
u
s
in
g
th
r
ee
s
leep
tr
an
s
is
to
r
s
h
av
in
g
t
h
e
s
am
e
in
p
u
t.
Fo
r
wr
ite
o
p
er
atio
n
,
t
h
e
p
M
OS
s
leep
tr
an
s
is
to
r
is
en
ab
le
d
an
d
th
e
n
MO
S
s
leep
tr
an
s
is
to
r
s
ar
e
d
is
ab
led
wh
en
th
e
s
leep
tr
an
s
i
s
to
r
s
’
g
ate
is
d
r
iv
en
to
‘
0
’
.
W
is
m
ad
e
h
ig
h
an
d
R
is
m
ad
e
lo
w.
T
h
e
v
alu
e
o
f
th
e
W
B
i
s
s
to
r
ed
in
th
e
s
to
r
ag
e
ca
p
ac
ito
r
.
Fo
r
r
ea
d
o
p
er
atio
n
,
t
h
e
p
MO
S
s
leep
tr
an
s
is
to
r
i
s
d
is
ab
led
an
d
th
e
n
MO
S
s
leep
tr
an
s
is
to
r
s
ar
e
en
ab
led
wh
en
th
e
s
leep
tr
an
s
is
t
o
r
s
’
g
ate
is
d
r
iv
en
to
‘
1
’
.
W
is
m
ad
e
lo
w
an
d
R
is
m
ad
e
h
ig
h
.
T
h
e
v
alu
e
o
f
th
e
W
B
wh
ich
is
s
to
r
ed
in
th
e
s
to
r
ag
e
ca
p
ac
ito
r
,
d
is
ch
ar
g
e
s
th
r
o
u
g
h
th
e
r
ea
d
tr
an
s
is
to
r
an
d
r
ea
d
at
th
e
o
u
tp
u
t te
r
m
in
al.
DR
AM
s
o
f
4
T
an
d
a
b
o
v
e
wer
e
n
o
t
g
i
v
en
m
u
ch
atten
tio
n
d
u
r
in
g
th
e
s
elec
tio
n
o
f
DR
AM
ce
lls
to
b
e
d
esig
n
ed
as
SR
AM
s
o
f
4
T
an
d
ab
o
v
e
ar
e
av
ailab
le
an
d
p
r
e
f
er
r
ed
.
3
T
DR
AM
s
h
av
e
b
ee
n
co
n
ce
n
tr
ated
o
n
as
we
ca
n
h
av
e
a
s
in
g
le
cir
cu
it
f
o
r
b
o
th
wr
ite
an
d
r
ea
d
with
o
u
t
in
ter
r
u
p
tio
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.
C
er
tain
cir
c
u
its
o
f
4
T
-
DR
AM
an
d
ab
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v
e
alr
ea
d
y
ex
is
t
[
1
1
]
,
[
1
5
]
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
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5
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I
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d
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J
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&
C
o
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3
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.
2
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g
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s
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Fig
u
r
e
1
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.
Pro
p
o
s
ed
3
T
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AM
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)
with
s
leep
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Fig
u
r
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1
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r
ite
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leep
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u
r
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1
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atio
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o
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ed
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-
DR
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C
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with
s
l
ee
p
tr
an
s
is
to
r
s
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
d
o
n
esian
J
E
lec
E
n
g
&
C
o
m
p
Sci
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N:
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-
4
7
5
2
Lo
w
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p
o
w
er h
ig
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-
s
p
ee
d
F
in
F
E
T DR
A
M a
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a
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s
in
g
s
leep
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a
n
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is
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u
r
e
1
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.
Sch
em
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o
f
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
3T
-
DR
AM
(
C
)
ar
r
ay
with
s
leep
tr
an
s
is
to
r
s
4.
RE
SU
L
T
S AN
D
D
I
SCU
SS
I
O
N
Dif
f
er
en
t
DR
AM
d
esig
n
s
–
co
n
v
en
tio
n
al
an
d
P
r
o
p
o
s
ed
ar
ch
itectu
r
es
with
s
leep
tr
an
s
is
to
r
s
co
n
f
ig
u
r
atio
n
ar
e
all
im
p
lem
e
n
ted
.
T
h
ese
s
tr
u
ctu
r
es
wer
e
i
m
p
lem
en
ted
in
ca
d
en
ce
v
ir
tu
o
s
o
u
s
in
g
th
e
Fin
FET
tech
n
o
lo
g
y
lib
r
ar
y
f
o
r
1
8
n
m
.
Als
o
,
th
e
s
im
u
latio
n
an
d
v
er
i
f
icatio
n
o
f
th
e
DR
AM
d
esig
n
s
wer
e
d
o
n
e
in
th
e
ADE
en
v
ir
o
n
m
e
n
t o
f
f
er
ed
b
y
t
h
e
ca
d
en
ce
v
ir
tu
o
s
o
t
o
o
l f
r
o
m
ca
d
en
ce
.
T
h
e
T
ab
le
1
co
n
tain
s
d
elay
an
d
th
e
p
er
ce
n
tag
es
o
f
im
p
r
o
v
em
en
t
f
r
o
m
th
e
ex
is
tin
g
c
o
n
v
en
tio
n
al
ar
ch
itectu
r
es
to
th
e
n
ew
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
ar
ch
itectu
r
es
o
f
t
h
e
ce
lls
an
d
a
r
r
a
y
s
.
T
h
e
T
a
b
le
2
g
iv
es
awa
y
th
e
p
o
wer
d
etails
with
r
esp
ec
t
to
s
in
g
le
C
el
l
DR
AM
s
–
ex
is
tin
g
an
d
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
a
r
ch
itectu
r
es.
W
h
er
ea
s
th
e
T
ab
le
3
g
iv
es
th
e
p
o
wer
r
esu
lts
o
b
tain
ed
f
o
r
th
e
ar
r
ay
s
.
T
h
e
ta
b
les
g
iv
e
th
e
d
ata
r
eg
ar
d
in
g
wh
ich
d
if
f
er
en
t
ar
ch
itectu
r
es
h
av
e
o
p
tim
is
ed
d
elay
an
d
co
n
s
u
m
ed
h
o
w
m
u
ch
o
f
p
o
we
r
in
b
o
th
r
ea
d
an
d
wr
ite
o
p
e
r
atio
n
s
o
f
th
e
cir
cu
it.
I
n
alm
o
s
t
all
th
e
p
o
wer
r
ep
o
r
ts
t
h
at
ar
e
co
n
ce
r
n
ed
with
th
e
s
l
ee
p
tr
an
s
is
to
r
c
o
n
f
ig
u
r
atio
n
,
t
h
e
s
leep
s
ig
n
als
a
r
e
s
u
ch
th
at
th
e
y
let
th
e
cir
cu
its
t
o
b
e
ac
t
iv
e
o
n
ly
f
o
r
th
e
h
alf
o
f
th
e
e
n
tire
tim
e
p
e
r
io
d
f
o
r
wh
ich
th
e
cir
c
u
its
ar
e
s
im
u
lated
.
T
h
e
tab
les
also
h
av
e
th
e
p
er
ce
n
tag
e
d
ec
r
ea
s
e
o
f
p
o
wer
co
n
s
u
m
p
tio
n
wh
i
le
u
s
in
g
th
e
n
o
v
el
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
ar
c
h
itectu
r
es
co
m
p
a
r
ed
to
th
at
o
f
th
e
co
n
v
en
tio
n
al
cir
cu
its
.
T
h
e
d
elay
a
n
d
p
o
wer
r
ep
o
r
ts
o
f
th
e
ex
is
tin
g
DR
AM
cir
cu
it
s
an
d
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
n
o
v
el
cir
cu
its
h
av
e
b
ee
n
s
im
u
lated
an
d
th
e
v
alu
es
n
o
ted
.
As
v
er
if
ied
,
T
h
e
Dela
y
is
im
p
r
o
v
ed
b
y
6
6
%
f
o
r
wr
ite
o
p
e
r
atio
n
in
2
T
-
DR
AM
an
d
9
8
%
f
o
r
r
e
ad
o
p
er
atio
n
in
3
T
-
DR
AM
(
C
)
.
T
h
e
n
o
v
el
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
d
esig
n
s
co
m
p
ar
ed
to
its
co
n
v
en
tio
n
al
co
u
n
ter
p
ar
t
.
T
h
e
n
o
v
el
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
2T
-
DR
AM
with
s
leep
tr
an
s
is
to
r
s
cir
cu
it
o
f
f
er
s
p
o
wer
r
ed
u
cti
o
n
o
f
5
6
.
8
%
d
u
r
in
g
th
e
wr
it
e
an
d
u
p
-
to
9
9
.
8
%
d
u
r
in
g
th
e
r
ea
d
o
p
er
atio
n
c
o
m
p
ar
ed
t
o
its
co
n
v
e
n
tio
n
al
co
u
n
ter
p
ar
t.
Simil
ar
ly
,
th
e
3
T
-
D
R
AM
(
B
)
with
s
leep
tr
an
s
is
to
r
s
th
at
is
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
,
o
f
f
er
s
a
p
o
we
r
r
e
d
u
ctio
n
o
f
6
3
.
0
2
%
d
u
r
in
g
th
e
wr
ite
o
p
e
r
atio
n
,
an
d
u
p
-
t
o
9
9
.
5
%
d
u
r
in
g
th
e
r
ea
d
o
p
e
r
atio
n
,
co
m
p
ar
ed
to
its
co
n
v
e
n
tio
n
al
co
u
n
ter
p
ar
t.
T
h
e
3
T
-
DR
AM
(
C
)
with
s
leep
tr
an
s
is
to
r
s
,
also
a
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
n
o
v
el
3
T
-
DR
AM
(
C
)
ce
ll,
o
f
f
er
s
u
p
-
to
9
9
.
6
%
o
f
p
o
wer
r
e
d
u
cti
o
n
d
u
r
in
g
th
e
w
r
ite
o
p
er
atio
n
,
a
n
d
u
p
-
to
9
9
.
8
%
o
f
p
o
wer
r
ed
u
ctio
n
d
u
r
in
g
t
h
e
r
ea
d
o
p
er
atio
n
,
co
m
p
a
r
ed
to
its
co
n
v
en
tio
n
al
co
u
n
ter
p
a
r
t.
T
h
u
s
,
th
e
n
o
v
el
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
3T
-
DR
AM
(
C
)
is
p
r
o
v
en
to
b
e
p
r
o
v
id
in
g
th
e
im
p
r
o
v
ed
d
ela
y
f
o
r
r
ea
d
o
p
er
atio
n
an
d
th
e
m
a
x
im
u
m
p
o
wer
s
av
in
g
c
o
m
p
a
r
ed
to
o
th
e
r
s
.
Nex
t
ar
e
2
T
-
DR
AM
an
d
3T
-
DR
AM
(
B
)
wh
ich
ar
e
b
etter
th
an
th
e
co
n
v
en
tio
n
al
3
T
-
DR
AM
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
5
0
2
-
4
7
5
2
I
n
d
o
n
esian
J
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E
n
g
&
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m
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,
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l.
4
3
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No
.
2
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g
u
s
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1
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6
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6
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p
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2
1
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5
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1
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p
r
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p
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e
e
p
t
r
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s
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1
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6
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C
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n
v
e
n
t
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l
1
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1
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4
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4
P
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t
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s
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o
r
s
1
1
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4
7
2
2
0
.
1
6
P
r
o
p
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se
d
(
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)
w
i
t
h
s
l
e
e
p
t
r
a
n
si
s
t
o
r
s
3
3
.
2
1
1
2
.
7
9
1
9
1
.
0
6
-
3
1
.
4
6
T
ab
le
2
.
C
o
m
p
a
r
is
o
n
o
f
p
o
wer
co
n
s
u
m
p
tio
n
in
ce
lls
D
R
A
M
c
e
l
l
s
P
o
w
e
r
c
o
n
su
mp
t
i
o
n
(
i
n
n
W
)
P
e
r
c
e
n
t
a
g
e
o
f
i
m
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r
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v
e
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n
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(
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.
r
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t
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e
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l
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R
e
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d
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r
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o
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e
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l
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s
6
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l
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3
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0
2
%
-
9
9
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5
%
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d
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h
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t
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s
6
4
3
7
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1
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4
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P
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d
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s
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r
s
6
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7
4
1
1
.
1
1
-
9
9
.
6
%
-
9
9
.
8
%
T
ab
le
3
.
C
o
m
p
a
r
is
o
n
o
f
p
o
wer
co
n
s
u
m
p
tio
n
in
ar
r
ay
s
D
R
A
M
a
r
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P
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n
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)
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g
e
o
f
i
m
p
r
o
v
e
me
n
t
(
%)
(
w
.
r
.
t
.
c
o
n
v
e
n
t
i
o
n
a
l
)
W
r
i
t
e
R
e
a
d
W
r
i
t
e
R
e
a
d
2T
C
o
n
v
e
n
t
i
o
n
a
l
5
.
5
9
1
m
7
5
2
.
6
m
-
9
9
.
9
9
-
1
5
.
5
7
P
r
o
p
o
se
d
w
i
t
h
sl
e
e
p
t
r
a
n
si
s
t
o
r
s
1
0
.
6
6
n
6
3
5
.
4
m
3T
C
o
n
v
e
n
t
i
o
n
a
l
6
7
2
m
2
1
.
1
6
4
m
-
5
4
.
2
%
-
9
8
.
6
%
P
r
o
p
o
se
d
(
B
)
w
i
t
h
s
l
e
e
p
t
r
a
n
si
s
t
o
r
s
3
0
7
.
9
m
2
9
6
.
3
m
P
r
o
p
o
se
d
(
C
)
w
i
t
h
s
l
e
e
p
t
r
a
n
si
s
t
o
r
s
2
1
6
.
4
m
9
5
.
3
6
m
-
6
7
.
7
8
-
9
9
.
5
5
%
5.
CO
NCLU
SI
O
N
T
h
is
p
ap
er
p
r
esen
ted
lo
w
-
p
o
wer
,
h
ig
h
-
s
p
ee
d
Fin
FET
-
b
ased
2
T
an
d
3
T
DR
AM
ce
lls
em
p
lo
y
in
g
th
e
s
leep
tr
an
s
is
to
r
tech
n
iq
u
e
to
i
m
p
r
o
v
e
m
em
o
r
y
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
wh
ile
r
ed
u
cin
g
p
o
wer
c
o
n
s
u
m
p
tio
n
.
C
o
n
v
e
n
tio
n
al
an
d
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
DR
AM
ar
ch
itec
tu
r
es
wer
e
d
esig
n
ed
a
n
d
s
im
u
lated
u
s
in
g
th
e
C
ad
en
ce
Vir
tu
o
s
o
an
alo
g
d
esig
n
en
v
ir
o
n
m
en
t
,
an
d
th
eir
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
was
ev
alu
ate
d
in
ter
m
s
o
f
wr
ite
d
elay
,
r
ea
d
d
elay
,
an
d
p
o
wer
co
n
s
u
m
p
tio
n
.
T
h
e
s
im
u
latio
n
r
esu
lts
d
em
o
n
s
tr
ate
th
at
in
teg
r
atin
g
s
leep
tr
an
s
is
to
r
s
with
F
in
FET
tech
n
o
lo
g
y
s
ig
n
if
i
ca
n
tly
im
p
r
o
v
es
th
e
p
o
wer
-
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
ch
ar
ac
ter
is
tics
o
f
DR
AM
ce
ll
s
.
T
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
2
T
DR
AM
ac
h
iev
ed
ap
p
r
o
x
im
ately
6
6
%
r
ed
u
ctio
n
in
wr
ite
d
elay
,
wh
ile
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
3
T
DR
AM
(
co
n
f
ig
u
r
atio
n
C
)
ac
h
iev
ed
an
ap
p
r
o
x
im
ately
9
8
%
r
ed
u
ctio
n
in
r
ea
d
d
elay
c
o
m
p
ar
ed
with
th
eir
co
n
v
en
tio
n
al
co
u
n
ter
p
ar
ts
.
I
n
ter
m
s
o
f
p
o
wer
co
n
s
u
m
p
tio
n
,
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
ar
ch
itectu
r
e
s
ex
h
ib
ited
s
u
b
s
tan
tial
im
p
r
o
v
em
en
ts
,
with
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
3
T
DR
AM
(
co
n
f
ig
u
r
atio
n
C
)
p
r
o
v
id
i
n
g
t
h
e
h
ig
h
e
s
t
p
o
wer
s
av
in
g
s
,
f
o
llo
wed
b
y
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
3
T
DR
AM
(
co
n
f
ig
u
r
atio
n
B
)
an
d
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
2
T
DR
AM
.
Alth
o
u
g
h
s
ev
er
al
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
c
o
n
f
ig
u
r
atio
n
s
ex
h
ib
it
s
lig
h
tly
h
ig
h
e
r
d
ela
y
d
u
r
in
g
s
p
ec
if
ic
o
p
er
atio
n
s
,
th
is
tr
ad
e
-
o
f
f
m
ay
b
e
ac
ce
p
tab
le
d
ep
en
d
i
n
g
o
n
th
e
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
an
d
e
n
er
g
y
r
eq
u
ir
em
en
ts
o
f
th
e
tar
g
et
ap
p
licatio
n
.
Ov
er
all,
th
e
r
e
s
u
lts
co
n
f
ir
m
th
at
th
e
co
m
b
in
atio
n
o
f
Fin
FET
tech
n
o
lo
g
y
a
n
d
th
e
s
leep
tr
an
s
is
to
r
tech
n
iq
u
e
p
r
o
v
id
es
an
ef
f
ec
tiv
e
s
o
lu
tio
n
f
o
r
d
esig
n
in
g
e
n
er
g
y
-
ef
f
icien
t
DR
AM
ce
lls
with
o
u
t
co
m
p
r
o
m
is
in
g
o
p
er
atio
n
al
f
u
n
ctio
n
a
lity
.
T
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
e
d
ar
ch
itectu
r
es
ar
e
th
er
ef
o
r
e
s
u
i
tab
le
f
o
r
lo
w
-
p
o
wer
,
h
i
g
h
-
d
en
s
ity
m
em
o
r
y
ap
p
licatio
n
s
wh
er
e
leak
ag
e
r
ed
u
ctio
n
is
a
cr
itical
d
esig
n
o
b
jectiv
e.
Fu
tu
r
e
wo
r
k
will
in
v
esti
g
ate
th
e
s
ca
lab
ilit
y
o
f
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
e
d
DR
AM
ce
ll
s
b
y
im
p
lem
en
tin
g
lar
g
er
m
em
o
r
y
ar
r
ay
s
(
e.
g
.
,
8
×8
,
1
6
×1
6
,
an
d
lar
g
er
co
n
f
ig
u
r
atio
n
s
)
an
d
ev
alu
atin
g
th
eir
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
u
n
d
er
p
r
o
ce
s
s
,
v
o
ltag
e,
an
d
tem
p
er
at
u
r
e
(
PV
T
)
v
ar
iatio
n
s
.
Fu
r
th
e
r
s
tu
d
ies
m
ay
also
ex
p
lo
r
e
ad
ap
tiv
e
s
le
ep
tr
an
s
is
to
r
co
n
tr
o
l
tech
n
iq
u
es,
a
d
v
an
ce
d
Fin
FET
tech
n
o
l
o
g
y
n
o
d
es,
an
d
c
o
m
p
ar
is
o
n
s
with
em
er
g
in
g
m
em
o
r
y
tech
n
o
lo
g
ies
t
o
f
u
r
th
er
e
n
h
an
ce
m
em
o
r
y
r
elia
b
ilit
y
,
s
p
ee
d
,
an
d
en
er
g
y
ef
f
icien
cy
.
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