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15
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3
,
Sep
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20
26
:
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4
5
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5
2
746
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s
ix
m
o
n
t
h
s
o
f
life
is
wid
ely
r
ec
o
g
n
ized
as
a
f
o
u
n
d
atio
n
al
in
ter
v
en
tio
n
f
o
r
ch
ild
s
u
r
v
iv
al
an
d
o
p
tim
al
g
r
o
wth
.
B
r
ea
s
t
m
ilk
p
r
o
v
id
es
ess
en
tial
n
u
tr
ien
ts
,
b
io
ac
tiv
e
co
m
p
o
u
n
d
s
,
an
d
im
m
u
n
o
lo
g
ical
p
r
o
tectio
n
,
w
h
ile
r
e
d
u
cin
g
in
f
a
n
ts
’
ex
p
o
s
u
r
e
to
co
n
ta
m
in
ated
f
o
o
d
s
an
d
liq
u
id
s
[
7
]
,
[
1
0
]
.
Nu
m
e
r
o
u
s
s
tu
d
ies
in
I
n
d
o
n
esia
an
d
o
t
h
er
lo
w
-
r
eso
u
r
ce
s
ettin
g
s
h
a
v
e
d
em
o
n
s
tr
ated
a
p
r
o
tectiv
e
ass
o
ciatio
n
b
etwe
e
n
ex
clu
s
iv
e
b
r
ea
s
tf
ee
d
in
g
a
n
d
r
ed
u
ce
d
r
is
k
o
f
s
tu
n
tin
g
.
Ho
w
ev
er
,
th
e
m
a
g
n
itu
d
e
an
d
co
n
s
is
ten
cy
o
f
th
is
p
r
o
tectiv
e
ef
f
ec
t
v
ar
y
ac
r
o
s
s
co
n
tex
ts
,
p
ar
ticu
lar
ly
in
en
v
ir
o
n
m
e
n
ts
ch
ar
ac
ter
ized
b
y
h
ig
h
in
f
ec
tio
n
b
u
r
d
e
n
,
p
o
o
r
s
a
n
itatio
n
,
an
d
p
er
s
is
ten
t stru
ctu
r
al
co
n
s
tr
ain
ts
[
1
1
]
-
[
1
3
]
.
Stu
n
tin
g
h
as
co
n
s
eq
u
en
ce
s
th
at
ex
ten
d
f
ar
b
e
y
o
n
d
c
h
ild
h
o
o
d
.
C
h
ild
r
en
wh
o
ex
p
er
ien
ce
s
tu
n
tin
g
ar
e
m
o
r
e
lik
ely
t
o
ex
h
ib
it
im
p
a
ir
ed
co
g
n
itiv
e
d
ev
elo
p
m
e
n
t,
lo
wer
ed
u
ca
tio
n
al
ac
h
iev
e
m
en
t,
an
d
r
ed
u
ce
d
p
r
o
d
u
ctiv
ity
in
ad
u
lth
o
o
d
,
th
e
r
eb
y
p
er
p
et
u
atin
g
i
n
ter
g
en
e
r
at
io
n
al
cy
cles
o
f
p
o
v
e
r
ty
a
n
d
p
o
o
r
h
ea
lth
[
1
]
,
[
1
4
]
,
[
1
5
]
.
T
h
ese
l
o
n
g
-
ter
m
im
p
licatio
n
s
h
ig
h
lig
h
t
th
e
im
p
o
r
tan
ce
o
f
id
en
tif
y
in
g
co
n
tex
t
-
s
p
ec
if
ic
p
r
o
tectiv
e
f
ac
to
r
s
an
d
d
esig
n
in
g
tar
g
ete
d
in
ter
v
e
n
tio
n
s
th
at
ar
e
r
esp
o
n
s
iv
e
to
lo
ca
l c
o
n
d
itio
n
s
.
Ho
wev
er
,
em
p
ir
ical
ev
id
en
c
e
q
u
an
tify
in
g
th
e
m
a
g
n
itu
d
e
o
f
th
e
ass
o
ciatio
n
b
etwe
en
ex
clu
s
iv
e
b
r
ea
s
tf
ee
d
in
g
an
d
s
tu
n
tin
g
in
h
ig
h
-
b
u
r
d
e
n
r
u
r
al
T
im
o
r
ese
co
m
m
u
n
ities
r
em
ain
s
lim
ited
an
d
u
n
d
e
r
r
ep
r
esen
ted
in
th
e
liter
atu
r
e.
Mo
s
t
ex
is
tin
g
s
tu
d
ies
in
I
n
d
o
n
esia
r
ely
o
n
lar
g
e
-
s
ca
le
n
atio
n
al
s
u
r
v
ey
s
o
r
u
r
b
an
-
b
ased
p
o
p
u
latio
n
s
,
wh
ich
m
ay
n
o
t
ad
eq
u
ately
ca
p
t
u
r
e
th
e
co
m
p
l
ex
in
ter
ac
tio
n
o
f
s
tr
u
ctu
r
al,
e
n
v
ir
o
n
m
en
tal,
an
d
h
ea
lth
s
er
v
ice
–
r
elate
d
d
eter
m
i
n
an
ts
in
r
em
o
te
r
u
r
al
s
ettin
g
s
.
I
n
s
u
c
h
co
n
tex
ts
,
ec
o
lo
g
ical
v
u
ln
er
ab
ilit
y
,
f
o
o
d
in
s
ec
u
r
ity
,
an
d
c
o
n
s
tr
ain
ed
a
cc
ess
to
h
ea
lth
s
er
v
ices
m
ay
m
o
d
if
y
b
o
th
th
e
s
tr
en
g
th
a
n
d
d
ir
ec
tio
n
o
f
t
h
e
r
elatio
n
s
h
ip
b
etwe
en
ex
clu
s
i
v
e
b
r
ea
s
tf
ee
d
in
g
a
n
d
ch
ild
g
r
o
wth
o
u
tc
o
m
es.
Mo
r
eo
v
er
,
s
tu
d
ies
ap
p
ly
in
g
an
aly
tical
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
es
ca
p
ab
le
o
f
ad
d
r
ess
in
g
s
m
all
s
am
p
le
s
izes
an
d
c
o
m
p
lete
s
ep
a
r
atio
n
co
m
m
o
n
in
lo
ca
lize
d
d
atasets
—
ar
e
s
ti
ll scar
ce
,
lim
it
in
g
th
e
r
o
b
u
s
tn
ess
o
f
co
n
tex
t
-
s
p
ec
if
ic
in
f
er
en
c
e.
No
v
elty
o
f
th
is
s
tu
d
y
,
u
n
lik
e
p
r
ev
io
u
s
s
tu
n
tin
g
s
tu
d
ies
in
I
n
d
o
n
esia
th
at
lar
g
ely
r
ely
o
n
lar
g
e
-
s
ca
le
n
atio
n
al
s
u
r
v
e
y
s
o
r
u
r
b
an
s
ett
in
g
s
,
th
is
s
tu
d
y
p
r
o
v
id
es
em
p
ir
ical
ev
id
en
ce
f
r
o
m
a
r
em
o
te
,
h
ig
h
-
b
u
r
d
en
r
u
r
al
co
m
m
u
n
ity
i
n
So
u
th
C
en
tr
al
T
im
o
r
a
r
eg
io
n
p
er
s
is
ten
tly
u
n
d
er
r
e
p
r
esen
ted
in
th
e
liter
atu
r
e.
I
t
q
u
a
n
tifie
s
th
e
ass
o
ciatio
n
b
etwe
en
ex
clu
s
iv
e
b
r
ea
s
tf
ee
d
in
g
an
d
s
tu
n
tin
g
u
s
in
g
p
en
alize
d
lo
g
is
tic
r
eg
r
ess
io
n
with
Firth
co
r
r
ec
tio
n
to
a
d
d
r
ess
co
m
p
let
e
s
ep
ar
ati
o
n
,
a
m
eth
o
d
r
ar
ely
ap
p
lied
in
lo
ca
l
s
tu
n
tin
g
r
esea
r
ch
.
Fu
r
th
er
m
o
r
e,
it
in
teg
r
ates
s
tr
u
ctu
r
al,
en
v
ir
o
n
m
en
tal,
an
d
s
er
v
ice
-
g
o
v
er
n
an
ce
d
eter
m
in
an
ts
in
to
th
e
in
te
r
p
r
etatio
n
,
o
f
f
er
i
n
g
ac
tio
n
ab
le
in
s
ig
h
ts
f
o
r
Pu
s
k
esm
as
-
lev
el
in
ter
v
en
tio
n
s
in
ec
o
lo
g
ically
v
u
ln
e
r
ab
le
T
im
o
r
ese
co
m
m
u
n
ities
.
T
h
er
ef
o
r
e,
th
is
s
tu
d
y
aim
ed
to
ex
am
in
e
th
e
ass
o
ciatio
n
b
etwe
en
ex
clu
s
iv
e
b
r
ea
s
tf
ee
d
in
g
an
d
s
tu
n
tin
g
am
o
n
g
t
o
d
d
ler
s
in
a
h
ig
h
-
b
u
r
d
en
r
u
r
al
co
m
m
u
n
ity
o
f
So
u
t
h
C
en
tr
al
T
im
o
r
u
s
in
g
a
co
m
m
u
n
ity
-
b
ased
cr
o
s
s
-
s
ec
tio
n
al
d
esig
n
.
Sp
ec
if
ical
ly
,
th
is
s
tu
d
y
s
o
u
g
h
t
to
:
i
)
d
eter
m
in
e
th
e
p
r
e
v
alen
ce
o
f
s
tu
n
tin
g
an
d
ex
clu
s
iv
e
b
r
ea
s
tf
ee
d
in
g
co
v
er
ag
e
am
o
n
g
to
d
d
ler
s
in
th
e
B
atu
p
u
tih
a
r
ea
;
ii
)
ass
es
s
th
e
as
s
o
ciatio
n
b
etwe
en
ex
clu
s
iv
e
b
r
ea
s
tf
ee
d
in
g
an
d
s
tu
n
tin
g
wh
ile
co
n
tr
o
llin
g
f
o
r
k
ey
c
o
n
f
o
u
n
d
in
g
v
ar
ia
b
les;
an
d
iii
)
ex
p
lo
r
e
th
e
im
p
licatio
n
s
o
f
th
ese
f
in
d
in
g
s
f
o
r
in
te
g
r
ate
d
s
tu
n
tin
g
p
r
ev
e
n
tio
n
s
tr
ateg
ies
at
th
e
p
r
im
ar
y
h
ea
lth
-
ca
r
e
le
v
el
in
s
im
ilar
h
ig
h
-
b
u
r
d
e
n
r
u
r
al
s
ettin
g
s
.
2.
M
E
T
H
O
D
2
.
1
.
S
t
u
d
y
de
s
i
g
n
a
nd
s
e
t
t
i
n
g
A
co
m
m
u
n
ity
-
b
ased
cr
o
s
s
-
s
ec
tio
n
al
s
tu
d
y
was
co
n
d
u
cted
in
J
u
ly
2
0
2
5
in
t
h
e
B
atu
p
u
tih
Hea
lth
C
en
ter
ca
tch
m
en
t
ar
ea
,
So
u
th
C
en
tr
al
T
im
o
r
,
E
ast
Nu
s
a
T
en
g
g
ar
a,
I
n
d
o
n
esia.
T
h
is
r
u
r
al
s
ettin
g
was
s
elec
ted
b
ec
au
s
e
o
f
its
p
er
s
is
ten
tly
h
i
g
h
p
r
ev
ale
n
ce
o
f
s
tu
n
tin
g
an
d
lim
ited
ac
ce
s
s
t
o
m
ater
n
al
an
d
ch
ild
h
ea
lt
h
s
er
v
ices.
A
cr
o
s
s
-
s
ec
tio
n
al
d
esig
n
was
ch
o
s
en
to
p
r
o
v
id
e
a
tim
ely
an
d
co
n
tex
t
-
ap
p
r
o
p
r
iate
ass
es
s
m
en
t
o
f
b
r
ea
s
tf
ee
d
in
g
p
r
ac
tices
an
d
c
h
ild
g
r
o
wth
in
a
h
a
r
d
-
to
-
r
ea
ch
p
o
p
u
latio
n
,
wh
er
e
lo
n
g
itu
d
in
al
f
o
llo
w
-
u
p
is
o
p
er
atio
n
ally
c
h
alle
n
g
in
g
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
t J Pu
b
lic
Hea
lth
Sci
I
SS
N:
2252
-
8
8
0
6
A
s
s
o
cia
tio
n
b
etw
ee
n
ex
clu
s
ive
b
r
ea
s
tfeed
in
g
a
n
d
s
tu
n
tin
g
a
mo
n
g
to
d
d
lers
…
(
R
o
s
lin
E
.
M.
S
o
r
min
)
747
2
.
2
.
P
o
pu
la
t
io
n a
nd
s
a
m
pli
ng
T
h
e
s
tu
d
y
p
o
p
u
latio
n
in
clu
d
e
d
all
to
d
d
ler
s
ag
ed
6
–
5
9
m
o
n
t
h
s
r
esid
in
g
p
er
m
an
e
n
tly
in
th
e
B
atu
p
u
tih
ar
ea
.
T
o
tal
s
am
p
lin
g
was
ap
p
lied
to
in
clu
d
e
all
elig
ib
le
ch
ild
r
en
in
th
e
co
m
m
u
n
ity
(
n
=
5
2
)
,
t
h
er
eb
y
m
ax
im
izin
g
s
tatis
t
ical
p
o
wer
an
d
m
in
im
izin
g
s
elec
tio
n
b
ias
in
a
s
m
all
p
o
p
u
latio
n
s
ettin
g
.
C
h
ild
r
en
with
co
n
g
en
ital c
o
n
d
itio
n
s
k
n
o
wn
t
o
af
f
ec
t g
r
o
wth
wer
e
e
x
clu
d
e
d
.
2
.
3
.
Va
ri
a
bles
a
nd
o
pera
t
io
na
l def
ini
t
io
ns
E
x
clu
s
iv
e
b
r
ea
s
tf
ee
d
i
n
g
was
d
ef
in
ed
as
th
e
p
r
o
v
is
io
n
o
f
b
r
e
ast
m
i
lk
o
n
ly
d
u
r
in
g
th
e
f
ir
s
t
s
ix
m
o
n
t
h
s
o
f
life
,
with
o
u
t
ad
d
itio
n
al
liq
u
id
s
o
r
s
o
lid
f
o
o
d
s
,
in
ac
co
r
d
an
ce
with
W
o
r
ld
Hea
lth
Or
g
an
izatio
n
g
u
id
elin
es
[
1
0
]
.
Stu
n
tin
g
was
d
e
f
in
ed
as
a
h
eig
h
t
-
f
o
r
-
ag
e
z
-
s
co
r
e
(
HA
Z
)
b
elo
w
−
2
s
tan
d
ar
d
d
e
v
iatio
n
s
b
ased
o
n
W
HO
C
h
ild
Gr
o
wth
Stan
d
ar
d
s
.
A
d
d
itio
n
al
v
ar
iab
les
i
n
clu
d
ed
ch
il
d
s
ex
,
b
ir
th
weig
h
t
(
<2
.
5
k
g
v
s
≥
2
.
5
k
g
)
,
h
is
to
r
y
o
f
illn
ess
in
th
e
p
ast th
r
ee
m
o
n
th
s
,
an
d
m
ater
n
al
ed
u
ca
tio
n
le
v
el.
2
.
4
.
Da
t
a
c
o
llect
io
n
Data
wer
e
co
llected
th
r
o
u
g
h
s
tr
u
ctu
r
ed
f
ac
e
-
to
-
f
ac
e
in
ter
v
i
ews
with
m
o
th
er
s
o
r
p
r
im
a
r
y
ca
r
eg
iv
er
s
u
s
in
g
a
s
tan
d
ar
d
ized
q
u
esti
o
n
n
air
e.
T
o
m
in
im
ize
r
ec
all
b
ias
r
elate
d
to
ex
clu
s
iv
e
b
r
ea
s
tf
ee
d
in
g
h
is
to
r
y
,
in
ter
v
iews
em
p
lo
y
ed
p
r
o
b
in
g
q
u
esti
o
n
s
an
d
wer
e
cr
o
s
s
-
ch
ec
k
ed
with
m
ater
n
al
an
d
ch
ild
h
ea
lth
r
ec
o
r
d
s
wh
en
a
v
ailab
le.
An
th
r
o
p
o
m
etr
ic
m
ea
s
u
r
em
en
ts
wer
e
p
er
f
o
r
m
ed
u
s
in
g
ca
lib
r
ated
h
eig
h
t/len
g
t
h
b
o
ar
d
s
f
o
llo
win
g
s
tan
d
ar
d
ized
p
r
o
ce
d
u
r
es.
E
ac
h
m
ea
s
u
r
em
en
t
was
tak
en
tw
ice,
an
d
th
e
m
ea
n
v
alu
e
was
u
s
ed
f
o
r
an
aly
s
is
.
Heig
h
t
-
f
o
r
-
ag
e
z
-
s
co
r
es we
r
e
ca
lcu
lated
u
s
in
g
W
HO
An
th
r
o
s
o
f
twar
e.
2
.
5
.
St
a
t
is
t
ica
l a
na
ly
s
is
Descr
ip
tiv
e
s
tatis
tic
s
wer
e
u
s
ed
to
s
u
m
m
ar
ize
p
ar
ticip
an
t
ch
ar
ac
ter
is
tics
.
Fis
h
er
’
s
ex
ac
t
test
was
ap
p
lied
to
ass
ess
th
e
b
iv
ar
iate
ass
o
ciatio
n
b
etwe
en
ex
clu
s
i
v
e
b
r
ea
s
tf
ee
d
in
g
an
d
s
tu
n
tin
g
.
B
ec
au
s
e
all
n
o
n
-
ex
clu
s
iv
el
y
b
r
ea
s
tf
ed
ch
ild
r
e
n
wer
e
s
tu
n
ted
,
th
e
d
ataset
e
x
h
ib
ited
co
m
p
lete
s
ep
ar
atio
n
.
Pen
alize
d
lo
g
is
tic
r
eg
r
ess
io
n
with
Firth
co
r
r
ec
ti
o
n
was
th
er
ef
o
r
e
em
p
lo
y
e
d
to
o
b
tain
u
n
b
iased
a
d
ju
s
ted
o
d
d
s
r
atio
s
.
Statis
tica
l
s
ig
n
if
ican
ce
was set a
t p
<
0
.
0
5
.
3.
RE
SU
L
T
S AN
D
D
I
SCU
SS
I
O
N
3
.
1
.
Resul
t
s
3
.
1
.
1
.
Cha
ra
ct
er
is
t
ics o
f
s
t
ud
y
pa
rt
icipa
nts
A
to
tal
o
f
5
2
to
d
d
ler
s
wer
e
in
clu
d
ed
i
n
th
e
an
aly
s
is
.
T
h
e
m
ea
n
ag
e
was
2
3
.
8
±
1
1
.
6
m
o
n
t
h
s
,
with
a
n
ea
r
ly
eq
u
al
d
is
tr
ib
u
tio
n
b
etw
ee
n
m
ales
(
5
1
.
9
%)
an
d
f
e
m
ales
(
4
8
.
1
%).
Mo
s
t
ch
ild
r
en
wer
e
b
o
r
n
with
n
o
r
m
al
b
ir
th
weig
h
t
(
8
2
.
7
%),
w
h
ile
1
7
.
3
%
h
ad
lo
w
b
i
r
th
weig
h
t.
E
x
clu
s
iv
e
b
r
ea
s
tf
ee
d
in
g
co
v
er
ag
e
was
h
ig
h
(
8
2
.
7
%);
h
o
wev
er
,
th
e
p
r
ev
al
en
ce
o
f
s
tu
n
tin
g
r
e
m
ain
ed
s
u
b
s
tan
tial
at
5
9
.
6
%
,
as
s
h
o
wn
in
T
ab
le
1
.
Fig
u
r
e
1
illu
s
tr
ates th
at
5
9
.
6
% o
f
to
d
d
l
er
s
wer
e
class
if
ied
as st
u
n
ted
,
wh
ile
4
0
.
4
% h
a
d
n
o
r
m
al
lin
ea
r
g
r
o
wth
.
T
ab
le
1
.
C
h
ar
ac
ter
is
tics
o
f
s
tu
d
y
p
ar
ticip
a
n
ts
(
n
=
5
2
)
V
a
r
i
a
b
l
e
n
%
M
a
l
e
s
e
x
27
5
1
.
9
F
e
mal
e
s
e
x
25
4
8
.
1
Lo
w
b
i
r
t
h
w
e
i
g
h
t
(
<
2
.
5
k
g
)
9
1
7
.
3
N
o
r
mal
b
i
r
t
h
w
e
i
g
h
t
(
≥
2
.
5
k
g
)
43
8
2
.
7
Ex
c
l
u
si
v
e
b
r
e
a
st
f
e
e
d
i
n
g
43
8
2
.
7
N
o
t
e
x
c
l
u
si
v
e
l
y
b
r
e
a
s
t
f
e
d
9
1
7
.
3
S
t
u
n
t
e
d
31
5
9
.
6
N
o
t
s
t
u
n
t
e
d
21
4
0
.
4
3
.
1
.
2
.
Ass
o
cia
t
io
n bet
wee
n e
x
clus
iv
e
brea
s
t
f
ee
din
g
a
nd
s
t
un
t
ing
All
to
d
d
ler
s
wh
o
wer
e
n
o
t
ex
c
lu
s
iv
ely
b
r
ea
s
tf
ed
wer
e
s
tu
n
te
d
.
I
n
co
n
tr
ast,
ap
p
r
o
x
im
ately
h
alf
o
f
th
e
ex
clu
s
iv
ely
b
r
ea
s
tf
ed
ch
ild
r
en
ac
h
iev
ed
n
o
r
m
al
lin
ea
r
g
r
o
wt
h
.
Fis
h
er
’
s
ex
ac
t
test
d
em
o
n
s
tr
ated
a
s
tatis
tically
s
ig
n
if
ican
t
ass
o
ciatio
n
b
etwe
en
ex
clu
s
iv
e
b
r
ea
s
tf
ee
d
in
g
a
n
d
s
tu
n
tin
g
,
as
s
h
o
wn
in
T
ab
le
2
.
Fig
u
r
e
2
v
is
u
ally
d
em
o
n
s
tr
ates
th
at
all
n
o
n
-
ex
clu
s
iv
ely
b
r
ea
s
tf
ed
to
d
d
ler
s
wer
e
s
tu
n
ted
,
wh
er
ea
s
ap
p
r
o
x
im
ately
h
alf
o
f
ex
clu
s
iv
ely
b
r
ea
s
tf
ed
c
h
ild
r
en
a
ch
iev
ed
n
o
r
m
al
lin
ea
r
g
r
o
wth
.
3.
1.
3
.
M
ultiv
a
ria
t
e
a
na
ly
s
is
Af
ter
ad
ju
s
tm
en
t
f
o
r
ch
ild
s
ex
,
b
ir
t
h
weig
h
t,
r
ec
en
t
illn
ess
,
an
d
m
ater
n
al
ed
u
ca
tio
n
,
ex
clu
s
iv
e
b
r
ea
s
tf
ee
d
in
g
r
em
ain
e
d
a
s
tr
o
n
g
p
r
o
tectiv
e
f
ac
to
r
ag
ai
n
s
t
s
tu
n
tin
g
.
L
o
w
b
ir
th
weig
h
t
an
d
r
ec
en
t
illn
ess
wer
e
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
2
5
2
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8
8
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I
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t J Pu
b
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Sci
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l.
15
,
No
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3
,
Sep
tem
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er
20
26
:
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4
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5
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748
ass
o
ciate
d
with
in
cr
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d
d
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f
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g
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Hig
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ater
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en
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y
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s
h
o
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ab
le
3
.
Fig
u
r
e
1
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Dis
tr
ib
u
tio
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o
f
s
tu
n
ti
n
g
am
o
n
g
to
d
d
ler
s
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B
atu
p
u
tih
Hea
lth
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en
ter
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u
th
C
en
tr
al
T
im
o
r
(
n
=
5
2
)
T
ab
le
2
.
Ass
o
ciatio
n
b
etwe
en
ex
clu
s
iv
e
b
r
ea
s
tf
ee
d
in
g
an
d
s
tu
n
tin
g
Ex
c
l
u
si
v
e
b
r
e
a
st
f
e
e
d
i
n
g
S
t
u
n
t
e
d
n
(
%)
N
o
t
s
t
u
n
t
e
d
n
(
%)
To
t
a
l
n
(
%)
O
R
(
9
5
%
C
I
)
p
-
v
a
l
u
e
No
9
(
1
0
0
.
0
0
)
0
(
0
.
0
0
)
9
(
1
0
0
.
0
0
)
R
e
f
e
r
e
n
c
e
–
Y
e
s
2
2
(
5
1
.
2
0
)
2
1
(
4
8
.
8
0
)
4
3
(
1
0
0
.
0
0
)
0
.
0
5
(
0
.
0
0
3
–
0
.
9
2
)
0
.
0
1
2
To
t
a
l
3
1
(
5
9
.
6
0
)
2
1
(
4
0
.
4
0
)
5
2
(
1
0
0
.
0
0
)
–
–
N
o
t
e
:
O
d
d
s
r
a
t
i
o
s wer
e
e
s
t
i
m
a
t
e
d
u
s
i
n
g
p
e
n
a
l
i
z
e
d
l
o
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t
i
c
r
e
g
r
e
ss
i
o
n
(
F
i
r
t
h
c
o
r
r
e
c
t
i
o
n
)
d
u
e
t
o
c
o
mp
l
e
t
e
s
e
p
a
r
a
t
i
o
n
.
Fig
u
r
e
2
.
Stu
n
tin
g
s
tatu
s
s
tr
atif
ied
b
y
e
x
clu
s
iv
e
b
r
ea
s
tf
ee
d
i
n
g
h
is
to
r
y
in
a
h
ig
h
-
b
u
r
d
en
r
u
r
a
l c
o
m
m
u
n
ity
(
n
=
5
2
)
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I
n
t J Pu
b
lic
Hea
lth
Sci
I
SS
N:
2252
-
8
8
0
6
A
s
s
o
cia
tio
n
b
etw
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ex
clu
s
ive
b
r
ea
s
tfeed
in
g
a
n
d
s
tu
n
tin
g
a
mo
n
g
to
d
d
lers
…
(
R
o
s
lin
E
.
M.
S
o
r
min
)
749
T
ab
le
3
.
Ad
ju
s
ted
o
d
d
s
r
atio
s
f
o
r
p
r
ed
icto
r
s
o
f
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n
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V
a
r
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a
b
l
e
A
d
j
u
st
e
d
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R
(
9
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%
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I
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n
t
e
r
p
r
e
t
a
t
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c
l
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e
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o
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5
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0
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t
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h
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I
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r
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se
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H
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l
e
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n
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P
r
o
t
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t
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v
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e
n
d
e
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y
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e
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A
d
j
u
st
e
d
o
d
d
s ra
t
i
o
s w
e
r
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e
st
i
m
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t
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d
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p
e
n
a
l
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d
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t
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c
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ss
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o
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i
t
h
F
i
r
t
h
c
o
r
r
e
c
t
i
o
n
d
u
e
t
o
c
o
m
p
l
e
t
e
se
p
a
r
a
t
i
o
n
.
3
.
2
.
Dis
cus
s
io
n
T
h
is
s
tu
d
y
d
em
o
n
s
tr
ates
a
s
tr
o
n
g
ass
o
ciatio
n
b
etwe
en
ex
cl
u
s
iv
e
b
r
ea
s
tf
ee
d
in
g
an
d
a
r
e
d
u
ce
d
r
is
k
o
f
s
tu
n
tin
g
am
o
n
g
to
d
d
ler
s
in
a
h
ig
h
-
b
u
r
d
e
n
r
u
r
al
co
m
m
u
n
ity
o
f
So
u
th
C
en
tr
al
T
im
o
r
.
T
h
e
f
in
d
in
g
th
at
all
n
o
n
-
ex
clu
s
iv
ely
b
r
ea
s
tf
ed
ch
ild
r
e
n
wer
e
s
tu
n
ted
u
n
d
e
r
s
co
r
es
th
e
im
p
o
r
tan
ce
o
f
ex
clu
s
iv
e
b
r
ea
s
tf
ee
d
in
g
in
p
r
ev
en
tin
g
s
tu
n
tin
g
d
u
r
in
g
ea
r
ly
ch
ild
h
o
o
d
.
I
t
also
h
ig
h
lig
h
t
s
th
e
cr
itical
r
o
le
o
f
e
x
clu
s
iv
e
b
r
ea
s
tf
ee
d
in
g
as
a
n
ea
r
ly
-
life
n
u
tr
itio
n
al
an
d
im
m
u
n
o
lo
g
ical
s
af
eg
u
ar
d
i
n
en
v
ir
o
n
m
en
ts
ch
ar
ac
ter
ize
d
b
y
h
ig
h
in
f
ec
tio
n
b
u
r
d
en
,
f
o
o
d
i
n
s
ec
u
r
ity
,
a
n
d
s
tr
u
ctu
r
al
d
ep
r
iv
atio
n
.
T
h
e
b
io
l
o
g
ical
p
la
u
s
ib
ilit
y
o
f
th
is
ass
o
ciatio
n
is
well
estab
lis
h
ed
.
E
x
clu
s
iv
e
b
r
ea
s
tf
ee
d
i
n
g
s
u
p
p
o
r
ts
o
p
tim
al
g
r
o
wth
th
r
o
u
g
h
a
d
e
q
u
ate
m
ac
r
o
-
an
d
m
icr
o
n
u
tr
i
en
t
in
tak
e,
im
m
u
n
e
m
o
d
u
lati
o
n
,
an
d
p
r
o
tectio
n
ag
ain
s
t
en
ter
ic
in
f
ec
tio
n
s
th
at
co
n
tr
ib
u
te
to
in
test
in
al
in
f
la
m
m
atio
n
,
e
n
v
ir
o
n
m
en
tal
e
n
te
r
ic
d
y
s
f
u
n
ctio
n
,
an
d
im
p
air
ed
n
u
tr
ien
t
ab
s
o
r
p
tio
n
[
7
]
,
[
1
6
]
.
B
r
ea
s
t
m
ilk
also
p
r
o
v
id
es
b
io
ac
tiv
e
co
m
p
o
n
e
n
ts
th
at
en
h
an
ce
g
u
t
in
teg
r
ity
an
d
s
y
s
tem
ic
im
m
u
n
ity
,
th
er
eb
y
r
e
d
u
cin
g
g
r
o
wt
h
-
c
o
m
p
r
o
m
is
in
g
in
f
lam
m
ato
r
y
r
esp
o
n
s
es
d
u
r
in
g
ea
r
ly
life
.
I
n
r
u
r
al
T
im
o
r
ese
c
o
m
m
u
n
ities
,
wh
er
e
ac
ce
s
s
to
clea
n
wate
r
,
s
an
itatio
n
,
an
d
s
af
e
co
m
p
lem
e
n
tar
y
f
o
o
d
s
r
em
ai
n
s
lim
ited
,
th
ese
m
ec
h
an
is
m
s
m
ay
ex
er
t a
n
am
p
lifie
d
p
r
o
tectiv
e
ef
f
ec
t.
R
ec
en
t
s
tu
d
ies
f
r
o
m
I
n
d
o
n
e
s
ia
an
d
o
th
er
Asi
an
s
ettin
g
s
co
n
s
is
ten
tly
in
d
icate
th
at
ex
clu
s
iv
e
b
r
ea
s
tf
ee
d
in
g
r
em
ain
s
a
k
e
y
p
r
o
tectiv
e
f
ac
to
r
ag
ain
s
t
s
tu
n
tin
g
,
p
a
r
ticu
lar
ly
wh
en
co
m
b
in
ed
with
a
d
eq
u
at
e
m
ater
n
al
n
u
tr
itio
n
,
ap
p
r
o
p
r
iate
co
m
p
lem
en
tar
y
f
ee
d
i
n
g
p
r
a
ctice
s
,
an
d
ef
f
ec
tiv
e
in
f
ec
tio
n
co
n
tr
o
l
s
tr
ateg
ies
[
7
]
,
[
1
1
]
,
[
1
3
]
,
[
1
7
]
.
Sy
s
tem
atic
r
ev
iews
an
d
m
eta
-
an
al
y
s
es
f
u
r
th
er
s
u
p
p
o
r
t
th
e
r
o
le
o
f
n
u
t
r
itio
n
-
s
p
ec
if
ic
an
d
n
u
tr
itio
n
-
s
en
s
itiv
e
in
ter
v
e
n
tio
n
s
in
r
ed
u
cin
g
c
h
ild
h
o
o
d
u
n
d
er
n
u
tr
itio
n
,
em
p
h
asizin
g
th
at
b
r
ea
s
tf
ee
d
in
g
p
r
o
m
o
tio
n
is
m
o
s
t
ef
f
ec
tiv
e
w
h
en
in
teg
r
ated
with
in
b
r
o
a
d
er
co
m
m
u
n
ity
-
b
ased
n
u
tr
itio
n
al
p
r
o
g
r
a
m
s
[
18
]
-
[
20
]
.
T
h
e
f
in
d
i
n
g
s
o
f
t
h
e
p
r
esen
t
s
tu
d
y
alig
n
with
t
h
is
b
o
d
y
o
f
e
v
i
d
en
ce
an
d
ex
ten
d
it
b
y
p
r
o
v
id
i
n
g
co
n
tex
t
-
s
p
ec
if
ic
d
ata
f
r
o
m
a
h
i
g
h
-
b
u
r
d
e
n
r
u
r
al
T
im
o
r
ese
s
ettin
g
ch
a
r
ac
ter
ized
b
y
ec
o
lo
g
ical
v
u
ln
e
r
a
b
ilit
y
an
d
ch
r
o
n
ic
s
tr
u
ctu
r
al
co
n
s
tr
ain
ts
.
T
h
e
o
b
s
er
v
e
d
ass
o
ciatio
n
m
u
s
t
also
b
e
in
ter
p
r
eted
with
i
n
th
e
b
r
o
ad
er
f
r
am
ewo
r
k
o
f
ea
r
ly
-
life
d
eter
m
in
an
ts
o
f
lin
ea
r
g
r
o
wth
.
E
n
v
ir
o
n
m
en
tal
en
ter
ic
d
y
s
f
u
n
ctio
n
p
ath
way
s
,
d
r
iv
e
n
b
y
r
ep
ea
ted
p
ath
o
g
en
ex
p
o
s
u
r
e
a
n
d
s
u
b
o
p
tim
al
s
a
n
itatio
n
,
h
a
v
e
b
ee
n
s
tr
o
n
g
ly
im
p
licated
in
g
r
o
wth
f
alter
i
n
g
[
2
1
]
.
Similar
ly
,
r
ec
u
r
r
en
t
d
iar
r
h
ea
l
d
is
ea
s
e
h
a
s
b
ee
n
co
n
s
is
ten
tly
ass
o
ciate
d
with
im
p
air
e
d
lin
ea
r
g
r
o
wt
h
in
p
o
o
led
m
eta
-
an
aly
tic
ev
id
en
ce
[
22
]
.
T
h
ese
m
ec
h
an
is
m
s
ar
e
p
ar
ticu
lar
ly
r
elev
an
t
in
So
u
th
C
en
tr
al
T
im
o
r
,
wh
er
e
wate
r
an
d
s
an
itatio
n
in
f
r
astru
ctu
r
e
r
e
m
a
in
s
u
n
ev
e
n
a
n
d
s
ea
s
o
n
al
f
o
o
d
in
s
ec
u
r
ity
is
co
m
m
o
n
.
C
o
m
p
lem
en
tar
y
f
ee
d
in
g
p
r
ac
tices
d
u
r
in
g
th
e
6
–
2
3
m
o
n
th
win
d
o
w
also
p
lay
a
cr
itic
al
r
o
le.
T
h
e
W
o
r
ld
Hea
lth
Or
g
an
izatio
n
'
s
u
p
d
ated
g
u
id
elin
e
o
n
co
m
p
lem
en
tar
y
f
ee
d
in
g
u
n
d
er
s
co
r
es
th
e
im
p
o
r
tan
ce
o
f
d
ietar
y
d
iv
e
r
s
ity
,
n
u
tr
ien
t
d
en
s
ity
,
an
d
s
af
e
f
o
o
d
p
r
ep
ar
atio
n
d
u
r
in
g
th
is
v
u
l
n
er
ab
le
p
er
io
d
[
23
]
.
I
n
c
o
n
tex
ts
wh
er
e
co
m
p
lem
en
tar
y
d
iets
ar
e
d
o
m
in
ated
b
y
s
tap
le
-
b
ased
f
o
o
d
s
with
lim
ited
an
im
al
-
s
o
u
r
ce
p
r
o
tein
,
th
e
p
r
o
tectiv
e
r
o
le
o
f
ex
clu
s
iv
e
b
r
ea
s
tf
ee
d
in
g
d
u
r
in
g
th
e
f
i
r
s
t six
m
o
n
th
s
m
a
y
b
ec
o
m
e
ev
en
m
o
r
e
co
n
s
eq
u
en
tial.
Alth
o
u
g
h
ex
clu
s
iv
e
b
r
ea
s
tf
ee
d
in
g
co
v
er
ag
e
in
t
h
is
s
tu
d
y
was
r
elativ
ely
h
ig
h
(
8
2
.
7
%),
t
h
e
p
r
ev
alen
ce
o
f
s
tu
n
tin
g
r
em
ai
n
ed
s
u
b
s
tan
tial
(
5
9
.
6
%).
T
h
is
f
in
d
i
n
g
u
n
d
er
s
co
r
es
t
h
e
m
u
ltifa
cto
r
ia
l
n
atu
r
e
o
f
g
r
o
wth
f
alter
in
g
.
Stru
ct
u
r
al
d
eter
m
in
an
ts
s
u
ch
as
h
o
u
s
eh
o
ld
f
o
o
d
in
s
ec
u
r
ity
,
lim
ited
d
ietar
y
d
iv
er
s
ity
,
in
ad
eq
u
ate
s
an
itatio
n
,
r
ec
u
r
r
en
t
in
f
ec
tio
n
s
,
an
d
co
n
s
tr
ain
ed
m
a
ter
n
al
n
u
tr
itio
n
c
o
n
tin
u
e
to
s
h
ap
e
g
r
o
wth
tr
ajec
to
r
ies
b
ey
o
n
d
in
f
a
n
cy
[
2
]
,
[
7
]
,
[
1
9
]
–
[
2
1
]
.
E
v
id
e
n
ce
f
r
o
m
cr
o
s
s
-
s
ec
tio
n
al
an
d
p
o
p
u
latio
n
-
b
ased
s
tu
d
ies
in
o
th
e
r
lo
w
-
r
eso
u
r
ce
s
ettin
g
s
d
em
o
n
s
tr
ates
th
at
am
en
d
ab
le
r
is
k
f
ac
to
r
s
o
p
er
ate
at
in
d
iv
id
u
al,
h
o
u
s
eh
o
ld
,
an
d
co
m
m
u
n
ity
lev
els
s
im
u
ltan
eo
u
s
ly
[
2
3
]
.
T
h
er
ef
o
r
e,
b
r
ea
s
tf
ee
d
in
g
p
r
o
m
o
tio
n
alo
n
e
ca
n
n
o
t
f
u
lly
o
f
f
s
et
en
tr
en
ch
ed
s
o
cio
ec
o
n
o
m
ic
a
n
d
en
v
ir
o
n
m
e
n
tal
co
n
s
tr
ain
ts
.
Sex
-
b
ased
d
if
f
e
r
en
ce
s
in
ch
i
ld
h
ea
lth
o
u
tco
m
es
m
ay
als
o
co
n
tr
ib
u
te
to
v
u
ln
er
a
b
ilit
y
p
atter
n
s
.
Alt
h
o
u
g
h
th
e
p
r
esen
t
s
tu
d
y
d
i
d
n
o
t
f
in
d
s
tatis
tically
s
ig
n
if
ican
t
s
ex
d
if
f
er
en
ce
s
af
ter
ad
ju
s
tm
en
t,
d
em
o
g
r
ap
h
ic
an
aly
s
es
f
r
o
m
s
u
b
-
Sah
ar
a
n
Af
r
ica
an
d
o
th
er
r
e
g
io
n
s
h
a
v
e
s
h
o
wn
th
at
b
io
lo
g
ical
an
d
s
o
cio
cu
ltu
r
al
f
ac
to
r
s
ca
n
in
f
lu
en
ce
d
if
f
e
r
en
tial
ex
p
o
s
u
r
e
an
d
r
es
ilien
ce
to
n
u
tr
itio
n
a
l
s
tr
es
s
o
r
s
[
24
]
.
Su
ch
p
atter
n
s
war
r
an
t
f
u
r
th
er
in
v
esti
g
atio
n
in
r
u
r
al
I
n
d
o
n
esian
co
n
tex
ts
to
b
etter
u
n
d
er
s
tan
d
p
o
ten
tial
g
en
d
er
-
r
elate
d
v
u
l
n
er
ab
ilit
ies
in
ch
ild
g
r
o
wth
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
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:
2
2
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2
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8
0
6
I
n
t J Pu
b
lic
Hea
lth
Sci
,
Vo
l.
15
,
No
.
3
,
Sep
tem
b
er
20
26
:
7
4
5
-
7
5
2
750
I
m
p
o
r
ta
n
tly
,
g
lo
b
al
ex
p
e
r
ien
c
e
d
em
o
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s
tr
ates
th
at
m
ea
n
in
g
f
u
l
an
d
s
u
s
tain
ab
le
r
ed
u
ctio
n
s
in
s
tu
n
tin
g
r
eq
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ir
e
co
o
r
d
in
ate
d
m
u
ltis
ec
to
r
al
ac
tio
n
.
Nu
tr
itio
n
-
s
p
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if
ic
in
ter
v
en
tio
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s
,
s
u
ch
as
b
r
ea
s
t
f
ee
d
in
g
p
r
o
m
o
ti
o
n
an
d
m
icr
o
n
u
tr
ien
t
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u
p
p
lem
en
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u
s
t
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e
co
m
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lem
en
te
d
b
y
n
u
t
r
itio
n
-
s
en
s
itiv
e
s
tr
ateg
ies
ad
d
r
ess
in
g
wate
r
an
d
s
a
n
itatio
n
,
m
ater
n
al
ed
u
ca
tio
n
,
s
o
cial
p
r
o
tectio
n
,
an
d
f
o
o
d
s
y
s
tem
s
s
tr
en
g
th
en
in
g
[
1
2
]
,
[
18
]
,
[
19
]
.
C
o
m
m
u
n
ity
-
b
ased
i
n
ter
v
en
tio
n
s
an
d
lo
ca
lly
tailo
r
ed
n
u
tr
iti
o
n
ed
u
ca
tio
n
p
r
o
g
r
a
m
s
h
av
e
s
h
o
wn
m
ea
s
u
r
ab
le
b
en
ef
its
wh
en
em
b
ed
d
ed
with
in
p
r
im
ar
y
h
ea
lth
-
ca
r
e
p
la
tf
o
r
m
s
[
20
]
.
T
h
ese
in
teg
r
ate
d
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
es
ar
e
co
n
s
is
ten
t
with
in
ter
n
atio
n
al
g
u
id
an
ce
em
p
h
asizin
g
alig
n
m
en
t
b
etwe
en
in
f
an
t
an
d
y
o
u
n
g
ch
ild
f
ee
d
i
n
g
s
tr
ateg
ies an
d
b
r
o
a
d
er
d
e
v
elo
p
m
en
t f
r
am
ewo
r
k
s
[
1
0
]
,
[
23
].
I
n
So
u
th
C
en
tr
al
T
im
o
r
,
s
tr
en
g
th
en
in
g
in
teg
r
ated
s
tu
n
tin
g
p
r
ev
en
tio
n
r
eq
u
ir
es
o
p
er
atio
n
al
co
o
r
d
in
atio
n
at
th
e
Pu
s
k
esm
as
an
d
d
is
tr
ict
lev
els.
C
o
m
m
u
n
ity
-
b
ased
e
d
u
ca
tio
n
d
u
r
in
g
th
e
f
ir
s
t
1
,
0
0
0
d
ay
s
o
f
life
,
im
p
r
o
v
ed
s
er
v
ice
m
an
a
g
em
en
t,
a
n
d
th
e
s
tr
ateg
ic
r
o
le
o
f
m
id
wiv
es
as
f
r
o
n
tlin
e
h
ea
lth
ac
to
r
s
a
r
e
p
ar
ticu
lar
ly
r
elev
an
t
[
25
]
-
[
28
]
.
Su
c
h
g
o
v
e
r
n
an
ce
-
o
r
ien
te
d
an
d
c
o
m
m
u
n
ity
-
em
b
e
d
d
ed
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
es
m
ay
en
h
an
ce
th
e
ef
f
ec
tiv
e
n
ess
o
f
b
r
ea
s
tf
ee
d
in
g
c
o
u
n
s
elin
g
wh
i
le
s
im
u
ltan
eo
u
s
ly
ad
d
r
ess
in
g
m
ater
n
al
n
u
t
r
itio
n
,
co
m
p
lem
en
tar
y
f
ee
d
i
n
g
q
u
ality
,
in
f
ec
tio
n
p
r
e
v
en
tio
n
,
an
d
s
a
n
itatio
n
im
p
r
o
v
em
en
t.
3
.
2
.
1
.
Study
lim
it
a
t
io
ns
T
h
is
s
tu
d
y
h
as
s
ev
er
al
lim
itatio
n
s
.
I
ts
cr
o
s
s
-
s
ec
tio
n
al
d
esi
g
n
p
r
ec
lu
d
es
ca
u
s
al
in
f
er
en
c
e,
an
d
th
e
r
elativ
ely
s
m
all
s
am
p
le
s
ize
m
ay
lim
it
g
en
e
r
aliza
b
ilit
y
b
ey
o
n
d
s
im
ilar
r
u
r
al
co
n
tex
ts
.
E
x
cl
u
s
iv
e
b
r
ea
s
tf
ee
d
in
g
h
is
to
r
y
r
elied
p
ar
tly
o
n
ca
r
eg
iv
er
r
ec
all,
alth
o
u
g
h
p
r
o
b
in
g
tech
n
iq
u
es
an
d
r
ec
o
r
d
v
er
if
ic
atio
n
wer
e
u
s
ed
to
r
ed
u
ce
m
is
class
if
icatio
n
.
Fu
r
th
er
m
o
r
e
,
u
n
m
ea
s
u
r
e
d
co
n
f
o
u
n
d
er
s
s
u
ch
as
d
etailed
h
o
u
s
e
h
o
ld
f
o
o
d
s
ec
u
r
ity
,
d
ietar
y
d
iv
e
r
s
ity
in
d
ices,
en
v
ir
o
n
m
en
tal
co
n
tam
in
a
tio
n
ex
p
o
s
u
r
e,
an
d
s
ea
s
o
n
al
v
ar
iatio
n
m
ay
h
av
e
i
n
f
lu
en
ce
d
th
e
o
b
s
er
v
ed
ass
o
ciatio
n
s
.
Nev
er
th
eless
,
th
e
ap
p
licatio
n
o
f
to
tal
s
am
p
lin
g
an
d
p
en
alize
d
lo
g
is
tic
r
eg
r
ess
io
n
with
Firth
co
r
r
ec
tio
n
s
tr
en
g
th
en
s
th
e
in
ter
n
al
v
alid
ity
o
f
th
e
f
in
d
in
g
s
with
in
th
is
s
p
ec
i
f
ic
h
ig
h
-
b
u
r
d
e
n
r
u
r
al
s
ettin
g
.
4.
CO
NCLU
SI
O
N
Desp
ite
it
s
lim
itat
io
n
s
,
in
clu
d
in
g
th
e
cr
o
s
s
-
s
ec
tio
n
al
d
esig
n
,
s
m
all
s
am
p
le
s
ize,
an
d
r
elian
ce
o
n
ca
r
eg
iv
er
r
ec
all
,
th
is
s
tu
d
y
p
r
o
v
id
es
r
o
b
u
s
t
lo
ca
l
ev
id
en
ce
f
o
r
p
u
b
lic
h
ea
lth
p
r
o
g
r
am
m
in
g
.
E
x
clu
s
iv
e
b
r
ea
s
tf
ee
d
in
g
is
s
tr
o
n
g
ly
ass
o
ciate
d
with
a
r
ed
u
ce
d
r
is
k
o
f
s
tu
n
tin
g
am
o
n
g
to
d
d
ler
s
in
a
h
ig
h
-
b
u
r
d
en
r
u
r
al
co
m
m
u
n
ity
o
f
So
u
th
C
en
tr
al
T
im
o
r
.
T
h
is
p
r
o
tectiv
e
ef
f
ec
t
p
er
s
is
ted
af
ter
ad
ju
s
tm
en
t
f
o
r
k
ey
b
i
o
lo
g
ical
an
d
s
o
cial
co
n
f
o
u
n
d
er
s
.
Ho
wev
er
,
b
r
ea
s
tf
ee
d
in
g
alo
n
e
is
in
s
u
f
f
icien
t
to
elim
in
ate
s
tu
n
tin
g
in
s
ettin
g
s
ch
ar
ac
ter
ized
b
y
s
tr
u
ctu
r
al
d
ep
r
iv
atio
n
.
At
th
e
lo
ca
l
p
o
li
cy
lev
el,
th
ese
f
in
d
in
g
s
s
u
p
p
o
r
t
s
tr
en
g
th
en
in
g
ex
clu
s
iv
e
b
r
ea
s
tf
ee
d
in
g
p
r
o
m
o
tio
n
with
in
in
teg
r
ate
d
s
tu
n
ti
n
g
p
r
e
v
en
tio
n
p
r
o
g
r
am
s
at
t
h
e
Pu
s
k
es
m
as
an
d
d
is
tr
ict
lev
els,
alo
n
g
s
id
e
in
t
er
v
en
tio
n
s
a
d
d
r
ess
in
g
m
ater
n
al
n
u
tr
itio
n
,
co
m
p
lem
en
tar
y
f
ee
d
in
g
,
in
f
ec
tio
n
p
r
ev
en
tio
n
,
an
d
s
an
itatio
n
im
p
r
o
v
em
en
t ta
ilo
r
ed
to
r
u
r
al
T
im
o
r
ese
co
n
tex
ts
.
ACK
NO
WL
E
DG
M
E
N
T
S
T
h
e
au
th
o
r
s
wo
u
ld
lik
e
to
ex
p
r
ess
th
eir
s
in
ce
r
e
ap
p
r
ec
i
atio
n
to
B
elan
d
in
a
Ng
g
ad
as,
Hea
d
o
f
B
atu
p
u
tih
Hea
lth
C
en
ter
,
f
o
r
h
er
ad
m
in
is
tr
ativ
e
s
u
p
p
o
r
t
an
d
f
ac
ilit
atio
n
d
u
r
in
g
t
h
e
f
ield
im
p
lem
en
tatio
n
o
f
th
is
s
tu
d
y
.
T
h
e
au
th
o
r
s
also
a
ck
n
o
wled
g
e
Stev
an
s
o
n
R
.
D.
B
.
Su
p
ar
m
in
a
n
d
Delv
y
Ad
u
f
o
r
t
h
eir
v
al
u
ab
le
ass
is
tan
ce
as
d
ata
c
o
llecto
r
s
,
p
ar
ticu
lar
ly
in
co
o
r
d
in
atin
g
h
o
u
s
eh
o
ld
v
is
its
an
d
e
n
s
u
r
i
n
g
th
e
ac
cu
r
ac
y
o
f
an
th
r
o
p
o
m
etr
ic
an
d
in
ter
v
iew
d
ata.
All in
d
iv
id
u
als ac
k
n
o
wled
g
ed
h
av
e
p
r
o
v
i
d
ed
co
n
s
en
t to
b
e
m
en
tio
n
ed
an
d
d
id
n
o
t
m
ee
t th
e
cr
iter
ia
f
o
r
au
th
o
r
s
h
ip
.
F
UNDING
I
NF
O
R
M
A
T
I
O
N
T
h
is
r
esear
ch
r
ec
eiv
ed
n
o
e
x
te
r
n
al
f
u
n
d
in
g
.
AUTHO
R
CO
NT
RI
B
UT
I
O
NS ST
A
T
E
M
E
N
T
T
h
is
s
tu
d
y
in
v
o
lv
ed
two
au
th
o
r
s
.
E
ac
h
a
u
th
o
r
co
n
t
r
ib
u
ted
s
u
b
s
tan
tially
to
th
e
wo
r
k
an
d
m
ee
ts
th
e
au
th
o
r
s
h
ip
cr
ite
r
ia
d
e
f
in
ed
b
y
th
e
j
o
u
r
n
al
.
T
h
e
r
o
les
wer
e
ass
ig
n
ed
ac
co
r
d
in
g
to
t
h
e
C
o
n
tr
ib
u
to
r
R
o
les
T
ax
o
n
o
m
y
(
C
R
ed
iT)
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
t J Pu
b
lic
Hea
lth
Sci
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N:
2252
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8
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A
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ex
clu
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tfeed
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g
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n
d
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a
mo
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to
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d
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M.
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r
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m
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ald
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ah
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at
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C
:
C
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ter
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P
RO
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th
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ap
p
r
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was o
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f
r
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t
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th
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f
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Kes M
ar
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ath
a
Ku
p
an
g
.
DATA AV
AI
L
AB
I
L
I
T
Y
Data
ar
e
av
ailab
le
f
r
o
m
th
e
c
o
r
r
esp
o
n
d
i
n
g
au
t
h
o
r
u
p
o
n
r
ea
s
o
n
ab
le
r
eq
u
est.
RE
F
E
R
E
NC
E
S
[
1
]
W
o
r
l
d
H
e
a
l
t
h
O
r
g
a
n
i
z
a
t
i
o
n
,
S
t
u
n
t
i
n
g
i
n
a
n
u
t
s
h
e
l
l
:
c
a
u
s
e
s,
c
o
n
s
e
q
u
e
n
c
e
s
a
n
d
g
l
o
b
a
l
e
p
i
d
e
m
i
o
l
o
g
y
.
G
e
n
e
v
a
:
W
o
r
l
d
H
e
a
l
t
h
O
r
g
a
n
i
z
a
t
i
o
n
,
2
0
2
0
.
A
v
a
i
l
a
b
l
e
f
r
o
m:
h
t
t
p
s:
/
/
w
w
w
.
w
h
o
.
i
n
t
.
[
2
]
C
.
G
.
V
i
c
t
o
r
a
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1
4
]
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.
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1
5
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A
.
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.
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.
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1
6
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S
.
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RAP
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AUTH
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Ro
slin
E
.
M.
S
o
r
m
in
is
a
lec
tu
re
r
a
n
d
re
se
a
rc
h
e
r
a
t
S
TIKe
s
M
a
ra
n
a
th
a
Ku
p
a
n
g
,
In
d
o
n
e
sia
.
S
h
e
h
o
l
d
s
a
d
o
c
t
o
ra
l
d
e
g
re
e
(Dr.)
i
n
a
d
m
in
istrati
v
e
sc
ien
c
e
s
with
a
s
p
e
c
ializa
ti
o
n
i
n
p
u
b
li
c
se
rv
ice
g
o
v
e
rn
a
n
c
e
a
n
d
h
e
a
lt
h
sy
ste
m
a
d
m
i
n
istratio
n
.
S
h
e
a
lso
h
o
ld
s
a
M
a
ste
r
o
f
P
u
b
li
c
He
a
lt
h
(
M
.
Ke
s
)
a
n
d
a
p
r
o
fe
ss
io
n
a
l
m
id
wife
ry
q
u
a
li
fica
ti
o
n
(S
S
T).
He
r
re
se
a
rc
h
fo
c
u
se
s
o
n
m
a
tern
a
l
a
n
d
c
h
il
d
h
e
a
lt
h
,
st
u
n
t
i
n
g
m
a
n
a
g
e
m
e
n
t,
e
x
c
lu
si
v
e
b
re
a
st
fe
e
d
in
g
,
c
o
m
m
u
n
it
y
n
u
tri
ti
o
n
,
a
n
d
h
e
a
lt
h
se
rv
ice
g
o
v
e
rn
a
n
c
e
in
ru
ra
l
a
n
d
re
so
u
rc
e
-
li
m
it
e
d
se
tt
in
g
s.
Dr.
S
o
rm
in
h
a
s
p
u
b
li
sh
e
d
p
e
e
r
-
re
v
iew
e
d
a
rti
c
les
o
n
st
u
n
t
in
g
d
e
term
in
a
n
ts
a
n
d
m
a
tern
a
l
–
c
h
i
ld
h
e
a
lt
h
i
n
terv
e
n
ti
o
n
s
a
n
d
is
a
c
ti
v
e
ly
in
v
o
lv
e
d
in
c
o
m
m
u
n
it
y
-
b
a
se
d
p
ro
g
ra
m
s
a
ime
d
a
t
stre
n
g
th
e
n
in
g
p
rima
ry
h
e
a
lt
h
c
a
re
se
rv
ice
s in
Eas
t
Nu
sa
Ten
g
g
a
ra
.
S
h
e
c
a
n
b
e
c
o
n
tac
ted
a
t
e
m
a
il
:
ro
sl
i
n
.
so
rm
in
7
8
@
g
m
a
il
.
c
o
m
.
Em
a
n
u
e
l
G
e
r
a
ld
Ala
n
R
a
h
m
a
t
is
a
n
I
n
d
o
n
e
sia
n
p
h
a
rm
a
c
e
u
ti
c
a
l
re
se
a
rc
h
e
r
a
n
d
a
c
a
d
e
m
ic
a
ffil
iate
d
with
th
e
He
a
lt
h
P
o
ly
tec
h
n
ic
o
f
th
e
M
in
istr
y
o
f
He
a
lt
h
in
Ku
p
a
n
g
.
He
is
a
n
a
lu
m
n
u
s
o
f
th
e
F
a
c
u
lt
y
o
f
P
h
a
rm
a
c
y
,
Un
iv
e
rsitas
Air
lan
g
g
a
,
wh
e
re
h
e
d
e
v
e
lo
p
e
d
a
stro
n
g
fo
u
n
d
a
ti
o
n
i
n
p
h
a
rm
a
c
e
u
ti
c
a
l
re
se
a
rc
h
a
n
d
h
e
a
lt
h
p
o
li
c
y
.
His
s
c
h
o
larly
i
n
tere
sts
e
n
c
o
m
p
a
ss
c
o
m
m
u
n
it
y
p
h
a
rm
a
c
y
p
ra
c
ti
c
e
,
p
u
b
li
c
h
e
a
lt
h
m
a
n
a
g
e
m
e
n
t,
m
e
d
ic
a
ti
o
n
a
d
h
e
re
n
c
e
,
v
a
c
c
in
e
c
o
l
d
c
h
a
in
sy
ste
m
s,
a
n
d
p
h
a
rm
a
c
o
g
n
o
sy
,
wit
h
p
a
rti
c
u
lar
e
m
p
h
a
sis
o
n
in
d
ig
e
n
o
u
s
m
e
d
icin
a
l
p
lan
ts
fro
m
Eas
tern
I
n
d
o
n
e
sia
.
His
w
o
rk
is
c
h
a
ra
c
teriz
e
d
b
y
a
p
p
li
e
d
re
se
a
rc
h
a
n
d
e
v
id
e
n
c
e
-
b
a
se
d
stra
teg
ies
a
ime
d
a
t
stre
n
g
th
e
n
i
n
g
p
h
a
rm
a
c
e
u
ti
c
a
l
se
rv
ice
s
a
n
d
e
n
h
a
n
c
in
g
h
e
a
lt
h
s
y
ste
m
p
e
rfo
rm
a
n
c
e
,
p
a
rti
c
u
larly
in
r
e
so
u
rc
e
-
li
m
it
e
d
se
tt
in
g
s.
He
c
a
n
b
e
c
o
n
tac
ted
a
t
e
m
a
il
:
e
m
a
n
u
e
lj
fd
2
0
1
7
@g
m
a
il
.
c
o
m
.
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