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C
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[
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e
co
m
p
ar
ed
with
in
th
e
s
am
e
elec
tr
ical
d
o
m
ain
.
Pre
v
io
u
s
s
tu
d
ies
h
av
e
r
e
p
o
r
ted
s
m
ar
t
-
m
eter
in
g
an
d
I
o
T
-
b
ased
p
latf
o
r
m
s
f
o
r
elec
tr
ical
en
er
g
y
m
o
n
ito
r
in
g
,
in
clu
d
in
g
clo
u
d
-
c
o
n
n
ec
ted
ar
ch
itectu
r
es,
r
ea
l
-
tim
e
d
ata
lo
g
g
in
g
,
m
o
n
ito
r
in
g
an
aly
tics
,
an
d
lo
w
-
co
s
t
im
p
lem
en
tatio
n
s
u
s
in
g
m
icr
o
co
n
tr
o
ller
s
an
d
AC
en
e
r
g
y
s
en
s
o
r
s
[
2
0
]
-
[
2
4
]
.
T
h
ese
s
tu
d
ies
d
em
o
n
s
tr
ate
th
at
I
o
T
ca
n
p
r
o
v
i
d
e
p
r
ac
tical
an
d
ac
c
ess
ib
le
s
o
lu
tio
n
s
f
o
r
r
ea
l
-
tim
e
m
o
n
ito
r
i
n
g
o
f
elec
tr
i
ca
l
an
d
PV
s
y
s
tem
p
ar
am
eter
s
.
Ho
we
v
er
,
m
an
y
ex
is
tin
g
m
o
n
ito
r
in
g
s
tu
d
ies
m
ain
ly
em
p
h
asize
m
ea
s
u
r
e
m
en
t,
v
is
u
aliza
tio
n
,
o
r
r
em
o
te
s
u
p
er
v
is
io
n
,
wh
ile
f
e
wer
s
tu
d
ies
ex
ten
d
th
e
m
o
n
it
o
r
in
g
f
u
n
ctio
n
t
o
war
d
d
ir
ec
t
ev
alu
atio
n
o
f
r
o
o
f
to
p
PV u
tili
za
tio
n
u
n
d
er
ac
tu
al
r
esid
en
tial im
p
o
r
t
–
e
x
p
o
r
t o
p
e
r
atio
n
.
At
th
e
s
am
e
t
im
e,
S
C
R
-
an
d
S
SR
-
o
r
ien
ted
s
tu
d
ies h
av
e
wid
ely
d
is
cu
s
s
ed
s
elf
-
co
n
s
u
m
p
tio
n
b
eh
av
io
r
,
en
er
g
y
a
u
to
n
o
m
y
,
an
d
th
e
in
f
lu
en
ce
o
f
s
to
r
ag
e
o
r
g
r
id
lim
i
tatio
n
o
n
p
r
o
s
u
m
er
p
e
r
f
o
r
m
an
ce
[
1
1
]
-
[
1
3
]
,
[
1
9
]
.
E
v
en
s
o
,
th
o
s
e
s
tu
d
ies
o
f
te
n
f
o
cu
s
o
n
in
d
icato
r
in
ter
p
r
etatio
n
an
d
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
ass
ess
m
en
t
with
o
u
t
p
r
esen
tin
g
a
p
r
ac
tical
lo
w
-
co
s
t
m
o
n
ito
r
in
g
f
r
am
ew
o
r
k
ca
p
ab
le
o
f
ca
p
tu
r
in
g
b
i
d
ir
ec
tio
n
al
AC
-
s
id
e
p
o
wer
ex
c
h
an
g
e
a
t
m
u
ltip
le
p
o
in
ts
in
a
r
ea
l
r
esid
en
tial
r
o
o
f
to
p
PV
-
g
r
id
co
n
n
ec
tio
n
.
L
im
ited
atten
tio
n
h
as
th
er
ef
o
r
e
b
ee
n
g
iv
en
t
o
co
m
b
in
in
g
lo
w
-
co
s
t
I
o
T
m
o
n
i
to
r
in
g
,
ex
p
o
r
t
–
im
p
o
r
t
class
if
icatio
n
,
an
d
h
is
to
r
ical
SC
R
/SS
R
ev
alu
atio
n
with
in
a
s
in
g
le
AC
-
s
id
e
m
o
n
ito
r
in
g
a
r
ch
itectu
r
e
u
n
d
er
r
ea
l h
o
u
s
eh
o
ld
o
p
er
atin
g
co
n
d
itio
n
s
.
B
ased
o
n
th
is
g
ap
,
th
is
s
tu
d
y
p
r
o
p
o
s
es
an
d
ev
alu
ates
a
l
o
w
-
co
s
t
I
o
T
-
b
ased
AC
-
s
id
e
m
o
n
ito
r
in
g
s
y
s
tem
f
o
r
r
o
o
f
to
p
PV
in
teg
r
atio
n
with
th
e
PLN
g
r
id
.
T
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
s
y
s
tem
u
s
es
an
E
S
P3
2
m
icr
o
co
n
tr
o
ller
an
d
PZE
M
-
0
0
4
T
AC
en
er
g
y
s
en
s
o
r
s
to
m
o
n
ito
r
th
r
ee
k
e
y
m
ea
s
u
r
em
en
t
p
o
in
ts
,
n
am
ely
P
V
o
u
tp
u
t,
g
r
id
lin
e,
an
d
h
o
u
s
eh
o
ld
lo
ad
,
an
d
to
class
if
y
th
e
o
p
er
atin
g
s
tate
in
t
o
ex
p
o
r
t
an
d
im
p
o
r
t
co
n
d
itio
n
s
.
Usi
n
g
m
ea
s
u
r
ed
h
is
to
r
ical
f
ield
d
ata,
th
e
s
tu
d
y
ap
p
lies
SC
R
an
d
SS
R
to
a
s
s
e
s
s
h
o
w
ef
f
ec
tiv
ely
r
o
o
f
t
o
p
PV
en
er
g
y
is
u
tili
ze
d
lo
ca
lly
an
d
to
wh
at
ex
ten
t
th
e
h
o
u
s
eh
o
ld
lo
ad
ca
n
b
e
s
u
p
p
lied
b
y
PV
g
en
er
atio
n
.
I
n
t
h
is
way
,
th
e
wo
r
k
co
n
tr
ib
u
tes
a
p
r
ac
tical
m
o
n
ito
r
in
g
f
r
am
ewo
r
k
f
o
r
ass
ess
in
g
r
o
o
f
to
p
PV
in
teg
r
atio
n
u
n
d
er
ac
tu
al
h
o
u
s
eh
o
ld
o
p
er
atin
g
c
o
n
d
itio
n
s
.
T
h
e
r
e
s
t
o
f
th
is
p
ap
er
is
o
r
g
an
ize
d
as
f
o
llo
ws.
Sectio
n
2
p
r
e
s
en
ts
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
m
eth
o
d
/p
r
o
ce
d
u
r
e,
Sectio
n
3
ex
p
lain
s
th
e
m
eth
o
d
,
Sectio
n
4
p
r
o
v
id
es
th
e
r
esu
lts
an
d
d
is
cu
s
s
io
n
,
an
d
Sectio
n
5
co
n
clu
d
es th
e
p
ap
e
r
.
2.
T
H
E
P
RO
P
O
SE
D
M
E
T
H
O
D/P
RO
CE
DU
RE
2
.
1
.
Sy
s
t
e
m
co
nfig
ura
t
io
n a
nd
s
t
ud
y
s
it
e
T
h
is
s
tu
d
y
was
co
n
d
u
cted
at
th
e
Dep
ar
tm
en
t
o
f
E
lectr
ica
l
E
n
g
in
ee
r
in
g
,
Facu
lty
o
f
E
n
g
in
ee
r
in
g
,
Un
iv
er
s
itas
An
d
alas,
u
s
in
g
a
g
r
id
-
co
n
n
ec
ted
r
o
o
f
t
o
p
p
h
o
to
v
o
ltaic
(
PV)
s
y
s
tem
.
T
h
e
m
o
n
ito
r
e
d
PV
in
s
tallatio
n
co
n
s
is
ted
o
f
f
iv
e
PV
m
o
d
u
les
r
ated
at
2
5
0
W
p
ea
ch
,
r
esu
ltin
g
i
n
a
to
tal
in
s
talled
ca
p
ac
ity
o
f
1
.
2
5
k
W
p
.
T
h
e
PV
ar
r
ay
was
co
n
n
ec
ted
to
th
e
PLN
g
r
id
th
r
o
u
g
h
a
2
K
-
SM
g
r
id
-
tie
in
v
e
r
ter
r
ated
at
2
2
0
0
W
,
with
a
n
o
m
in
al
AC
o
u
tp
u
t
v
o
ltag
e
o
f
2
3
0
Vac
an
d
a
n
o
m
i
n
al
f
r
eq
u
e
n
cy
o
f
5
0
Hz.
I
n
th
is
co
n
f
i
g
u
r
atio
n
,
th
e
in
v
er
ter
r
atin
g
e
x
ce
ed
ed
th
e
in
s
talled
PV
ca
p
ac
ity
,
in
d
icatin
g
th
at
in
v
er
ter
o
v
er
lo
ad
in
g
was
n
o
t
e
x
p
ec
ted
d
u
r
in
g
th
e
m
ea
s
u
r
em
e
n
ts
an
d
th
at
th
e
o
b
s
er
v
e
d
o
p
e
r
atin
g
p
e
r
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
was
p
r
im
ar
ily
lim
it
ed
b
y
th
e
av
ailab
le
PV
g
en
er
atio
n
.
T
h
e
m
o
n
ito
r
e
d
d
em
an
d
r
e
p
r
esen
ted
ty
p
ical
r
esid
en
tial
elec
tr
ical
u
s
ag
e
a
n
d
co
n
s
is
ted
o
f
a
lap
to
p
ch
a
r
g
er
(
4
5
W
)
,
an
elec
tr
ic
ir
o
n
(
3
0
0
W
)
,
a
h
air
d
r
y
e
r
(
3
5
0
W
)
,
a
n
elec
tr
ic
d
r
ill
(
1
1
0
0
W
)
,
an
d
a
la
m
p
(
2
5
W
)
.
T
h
ese
ap
p
lian
ce
s
wer
e
s
elec
ted
to
r
ep
r
esen
t
d
ay
-
to
-
d
ay
v
a
r
iatio
n
s
in
r
esid
en
tial
l
o
ad
d
em
a
n
d
d
u
r
i
n
g
th
e
o
b
s
er
v
atio
n
p
er
io
d
.
2
.
2
.
M
o
nito
ring
a
rc
hite
ct
ur
e
a
nd
m
ea
s
urem
ent
po
ints
Fig
u
r
e
1
s
h
o
ws
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
m
o
n
ito
r
in
g
ar
ch
itectu
r
e
f
o
r
r
o
o
f
t
o
p
PV
-
g
r
id
in
teg
r
a
tio
n
.
T
h
e
m
o
n
ito
r
in
g
s
y
s
tem
em
p
lo
y
ed
an
E
SP
3
2
m
icr
o
co
n
tr
o
ller
as
th
e
m
ain
d
ata
-
ac
q
u
is
itio
n
u
n
it
an
d
th
r
ee
PZE
M
-
0
0
4
T
AC
en
er
g
y
s
en
s
o
r
s
in
s
talled
at
th
e
PV
in
v
er
ter
o
u
tp
u
t,
th
e
PLN
g
r
id
lin
e,
an
d
th
e
h
o
u
s
eh
o
ld
lo
a
d
b
u
s
.
T
h
ese
th
r
ee
AC
-
s
id
e
m
ea
s
u
r
em
en
t
p
o
in
ts
wer
e
s
elec
ted
to
c
ap
tu
r
e
th
e
m
ain
e
n
er
g
y
-
f
lo
w
p
ath
s
in
th
e
s
y
s
tem
,
n
am
ely
PV
-
to
-
lo
a
d
,
PV
-
to
-
g
r
id
(
ex
p
o
r
t)
,
a
n
d
g
r
id
-
to
-
lo
ad
(
im
p
o
r
t)
.
T
h
e
m
o
n
ito
r
e
d
elec
tr
ical
v
ar
iab
les
in
clu
d
ed
v
o
ltag
e,
c
u
r
r
en
t,
ac
tiv
e
p
o
wer
,
f
r
e
q
u
en
cy
,
an
d
cu
m
u
lativ
e
en
er
g
y
.
All m
ea
s
u
r
ed
d
ata
wer
e
tr
an
s
m
itted
v
ia
W
i
-
Fi to
th
e
Ar
d
u
in
o
I
o
T
C
lo
u
d
p
latf
o
r
m
f
o
r
r
ea
l
-
tim
e
v
is
u
aliza
tio
n
an
d
h
is
to
r
ical
s
to
r
ag
e.
T
h
is
ar
r
an
g
em
en
t
e
n
ab
led
co
n
tin
u
o
u
s
o
b
s
er
v
atio
n
o
f
th
e
in
ter
ac
tio
n
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
t J Ap
p
l Po
wer
E
n
g
I
SS
N:
2252
-
8
7
9
2
P
erfo
r
ma
n
ce
ev
a
lu
a
tio
n
o
f ro
o
fto
p
p
h
o
to
vo
lta
ic
i
n
teg
r
a
tio
n
u
s
in
g
s
elf
-
co
n
s
u
mp
tio
n
…
(
S
y
u
kro
n
A
l
-
F
a
jr
i)
1401
b
etwe
en
r
o
o
f
to
p
PV
g
en
er
atio
n
,
h
o
u
s
eh
o
ld
d
em
an
d
,
a
n
d
g
r
i
d
ex
ch
a
n
g
e
u
n
d
e
r
ac
tu
al
g
r
id
-
co
n
n
ec
ted
o
p
er
atin
g
co
n
d
itio
n
s
.
2
.
3
.
Sy
s
t
e
m
wo
r
k
f
lo
w
a
nd
e
x
po
rt
-
im
po
rt
identif
ica
t
io
n
T
h
e
o
p
er
atio
n
al
wo
r
k
f
lo
w
o
f
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
m
o
n
ito
r
in
g
f
r
a
m
ewo
r
k
is
s
h
o
wn
in
Fig
u
r
e
2
.
At
th
e
b
eg
in
n
in
g
o
f
o
p
er
atio
n
,
th
e
E
S
P3
2
in
itialized
th
e
s
en
s
o
r
s
,
estab
lis
h
ed
th
e
W
i
-
Fi co
n
n
ec
tio
n
,
an
d
s
y
n
c
h
r
o
n
ized
th
e
s
y
s
tem
tim
e
to
en
s
u
r
e
a
cc
u
r
ate
tim
e
-
s
tam
p
ed
m
ea
s
u
r
em
en
ts
.
T
h
e
s
y
s
tem
th
en
e
n
t
er
ed
a
co
n
tin
u
o
u
s
m
o
n
ito
r
in
g
cy
cle
in
wh
ich
ele
ctr
ical
v
ar
iab
les
f
r
o
m
th
e
PV
s
id
e,
g
r
id
s
id
e,
an
d
lo
a
d
s
id
e
wer
e
ac
q
u
ir
ed
a
n
d
p
r
o
ce
s
s
ed
in
r
ea
l
tim
e.
T
h
e
o
p
er
atin
g
c
o
n
d
itio
n
was
id
en
tif
ied
f
r
o
m
th
e
r
elatio
n
s
h
ip
b
etwe
en
PV
g
en
er
atio
n
an
d
lo
ad
d
em
a
n
d
.
W
h
en
PV
g
en
er
atio
n
ex
ce
ed
e
d
th
e
in
s
tan
tan
eo
u
s
lo
ad
r
eq
u
ir
em
en
t,
th
e
o
p
er
atin
g
s
tate
was
class
if
ied
as
ex
p
o
r
t.
C
o
n
v
er
s
e
ly
,
wh
en
PV
g
en
e
r
atio
n
was
lo
wer
th
an
th
e
l
o
ad
d
em
an
d
,
th
e
o
p
e
r
atin
g
s
tate
was
clas
s
if
ied
as
im
p
o
r
t,
in
d
icatin
g
th
at
ad
d
itio
n
al
en
e
r
g
y
w
as
s
u
p
p
lied
b
y
th
e
PLN
g
r
id
.
T
h
e
m
ea
s
u
r
ed
d
ata,
to
g
eth
er
with
th
e
id
en
tifie
d
o
p
er
atin
g
-
s
tate
lab
els,
wer
e
t
h
en
u
p
lo
a
d
ed
to
th
e
clo
u
d
d
atab
ase
f
o
r
f
u
r
th
er
an
aly
s
is
.
Fig
u
r
e
1
.
E
x
p
er
im
e
n
tal
m
o
n
it
o
r
in
g
a
r
ch
itectu
r
e
o
f
r
o
o
f
to
p
PV
-
g
r
id
in
teg
r
atio
n
Fig
u
r
e
2
.
Sy
s
tem
o
p
er
atio
n
f
lo
wch
ar
t o
f
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
m
o
n
ito
r
in
g
f
r
a
m
ewo
r
k
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
2
5
2
-
8
7
9
2
I
n
t J Ap
p
l Po
wer
E
n
g
,
Vo
l.
1
5
,
No
.
3
,
Sep
tem
b
er
20
2
6
:
1
3
9
9
-
1
4
0
8
1402
3.
M
E
T
H
O
D
3
.1
.
Da
t
a
a
cquis
it
io
n pro
ce
d
ure
T
h
is
s
tu
d
y
e
m
p
lo
y
ed
a
n
e
x
p
e
r
im
en
tal
m
eth
o
d
to
im
p
lem
en
t
an
d
ev
alu
ate
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
I
o
T
-
b
ased
m
o
n
ito
r
in
g
f
r
am
ewo
r
k
u
n
d
e
r
ac
tu
al
o
p
er
atin
g
co
n
d
itio
n
s
.
Prio
r
to
in
s
tallatio
n
,
f
ield
o
b
s
er
v
atio
n
was
co
n
d
u
cte
d
at
th
e
r
o
o
f
to
p
PV
s
y
s
tem
,
th
e
g
r
id
-
tied
in
v
er
ter
,
an
d
th
e
p
o
in
t
o
f
co
m
m
o
n
co
u
p
lin
g
to
id
en
tify
th
e
s
en
s
in
g
lo
ca
tio
n
s
an
d
th
e
p
r
ac
tical
co
n
d
itio
n
s
o
f
b
id
ir
ec
tio
n
al
p
o
wer
e
x
ch
an
g
e.
I
n
p
ar
allel
,
a
liter
atu
r
e
r
ev
iew
was c
ar
r
ied
o
u
t to
r
ef
in
e
th
e
co
m
m
u
n
icatio
n
s
ch
em
e,
s
y
s
tem
co
n
f
ig
u
r
atio
n
,
an
d
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
in
d
icato
r
s
.
Af
ter
in
s
tallatio
n
,
th
e
m
o
n
ito
r
in
g
s
y
s
tem
r
ec
o
r
d
ed
th
e
AC
-
s
id
e
elec
tr
ical
v
ar
iab
les
co
n
tin
u
o
u
s
ly
an
d
s
to
r
ed
th
e
m
ea
s
u
r
ed
d
ata
in
th
e
clo
u
d
p
la
tf
o
r
m
as h
is
to
r
ical
o
p
e
r
atin
g
r
ec
o
r
d
s
.
Dif
f
er
en
t
co
m
b
in
atio
n
s
o
f
h
o
u
s
eh
o
ld
ap
p
lian
ce
s
wer
e
o
p
e
r
ated
d
u
r
in
g
th
e
o
b
s
er
v
atio
n
p
er
io
d
to
s
im
u
late
d
ay
-
to
-
d
ay
v
a
r
iatio
n
s
in
r
esid
en
tial
elec
tr
icity
d
e
m
an
d
.
On
Sep
tem
b
er
1
8
,
2
0
2
5
,
t
h
e
ac
tiv
e
lo
a
d
s
wer
e
a
lap
to
p
ch
a
r
g
er
an
d
a
l
am
p
;
o
n
Sep
tem
b
er
1
9
,
2
0
2
5
,
a
h
air
d
r
y
er
an
d
a
lap
to
p
ch
a
r
g
er
;
o
n
Sep
tem
b
e
r
2
0
,
2
0
2
5
,
an
elec
tr
ic
ir
o
n
a
n
d
a
h
air
d
r
y
e
r
;
o
n
Sep
tem
b
er
2
1
,
2
0
2
5
,
a
n
elec
tr
ic
d
r
ill
a
n
d
an
elec
tr
ic
i
r
o
n
;
o
n
Sep
tem
b
er
2
2
,
2
0
2
5
,
an
elec
tr
i
c
ir
o
n
an
d
a
lam
p
;
an
d
o
n
Sep
t
em
b
er
2
3
,
2
0
2
5
,
a
h
air
d
r
y
e
r
,
an
elec
tr
ic
ir
o
n
,
an
elec
tr
ic
d
r
ill,
an
d
a
lam
p
.
T
h
e
p
r
ac
tical
im
p
lem
en
tatio
n
o
f
th
e
m
o
n
ito
r
in
g
an
d
m
ea
s
u
r
em
en
t
s
etu
p
u
s
ed
in
th
is
s
tu
d
y
is
s
h
o
wn
in
Fig
u
r
e
3
.
T
h
e
f
ig
u
r
e
p
r
esen
ts
th
e
ex
p
er
i
m
en
tal
ar
r
an
g
em
e
n
t
u
s
ed
to
o
b
s
er
v
e
th
e
AC
-
s
id
e
v
o
ltag
e
o
f
th
e
r
o
o
f
to
p
PV sy
s
tem
d
u
r
in
g
o
p
er
atio
n
.
Fig
u
r
e
3
.
E
x
p
er
im
e
n
tal
s
etu
p
f
o
r
AC
-
s
id
e
v
o
ltag
e
m
ea
s
u
r
e
m
en
t o
f
th
e
r
o
o
f
to
p
PV sy
s
tem
3
.2
.
Da
t
a
pro
ce
s
s
ing
a
nd
perf
o
rma
nce
ind
ices
T
h
e
r
aw
m
ea
s
u
r
em
en
ts
wer
e
f
ilter
ed
,
v
alid
ated
,
an
d
ag
g
r
eg
ated
in
to
f
ix
ed
tim
e
in
ter
v
als
p
r
io
r
to
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
an
aly
s
is
.
On
e
-
m
in
u
te
in
ter
v
al
d
ata
co
llected
o
v
er
s
ix
co
n
s
ec
u
tiv
e
d
ay
s
,
f
r
o
m
Sep
tem
b
er
1
8
to
23,
2
0
2
5
,
b
etwe
en
1
0
:0
0
an
d
2
0
:0
0
,
wer
e
u
s
ed
f
o
r
ev
alu
atio
n
.
T
h
e
o
p
er
atio
n
al
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
c
e
o
f
th
e
r
o
o
f
to
p
PV
s
y
s
tem
was
a
s
s
e
s
s
ed
u
s
in
g
th
e
SC
R
an
d
th
e
SS
R
,
wh
ich
ar
e
wid
ely
u
s
ed
in
d
icato
r
s
f
o
r
e
v
alu
atin
g
lo
ca
l
PV
u
tili
za
tio
n
an
d
en
er
g
y
s
elf
-
s
u
f
f
icien
cy
in
g
r
id
-
co
n
n
ec
ted
p
r
o
s
u
m
er
s
y
s
tem
s
.
SC
R
ex
p
r
ess
es
th
e
f
r
ac
tio
n
o
f
r
en
ewa
b
le
elec
tr
ical
en
er
g
y
th
at
is
u
tili
ze
d
lo
ca
lly
r
ath
er
th
a
n
ex
p
o
r
ted
to
t
h
e
g
r
i
d
an
d
is
d
ef
in
ed
as
(
1
)
[
1
9
]
.
=
,
,
(
1
)
W
h
er
e
,
is
th
e
lo
ca
lly
g
en
er
ated
an
d
co
n
s
u
m
e
d
en
er
g
y
,
,
is
th
e
to
tal
g
en
er
ated
PV
en
er
g
y
,
an
d
d
en
o
tes
th
e
o
b
s
er
v
atio
n
in
ter
v
al,
s
u
ch
as
d
aily
o
r
th
e
to
tal
s
tu
d
y
p
er
io
d
.
I
n
th
e
p
r
esen
t
s
tu
d
y
,
b
ec
au
s
e
th
e
m
ea
s
u
r
em
en
ts
wer
e
p
er
f
o
r
m
e
d
o
n
t
h
e
AC
s
id
e
u
n
d
er
g
r
id
-
co
n
n
ec
ted
o
p
er
atio
n
with
o
u
t
b
atter
y
s
to
r
ag
e,
th
e
lo
ca
lly
g
en
e
r
ated
a
n
d
c
o
n
s
u
m
ed
en
er
g
y
co
r
r
esp
o
n
d
s
to
th
e
p
o
r
tio
n
o
f
PV
en
er
g
y
t
h
at
is
n
o
t
ex
p
o
r
ted
to
t
h
e
g
r
id
,
s
o
th
at
(
2
)
:
,
=
,
−
,
(
2
)
wh
er
e
,
is
th
e
to
tal
ex
p
o
r
ted
PV
en
er
g
y
d
u
r
i
n
g
th
e
s
am
e
in
ter
v
al.
Similar
ly
,
SS
R
is
d
ef
in
ed
as
th
e
r
atio
b
etwe
en
lo
ca
lly
g
en
er
ate
d
an
d
c
o
n
s
u
m
ed
en
er
g
y
an
d
th
e
to
tal
lo
ad
d
em
a
n
d
,
e
x
p
r
ess
ed
as
[
1
9
]
:
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
t J Ap
p
l Po
wer
E
n
g
I
SS
N:
2252
-
8
7
9
2
P
erfo
r
ma
n
ce
ev
a
lu
a
tio
n
o
f ro
o
fto
p
p
h
o
to
vo
lta
ic
i
n
teg
r
a
tio
n
u
s
in
g
s
elf
-
co
n
s
u
mp
tio
n
…
(
S
y
u
kro
n
A
l
-
F
a
jr
i)
1403
=
,
,
(
3
)
wh
er
e
,
is
th
e
to
tal
elec
tr
icity
d
em
an
d
d
u
r
in
g
th
e
s
am
e
o
b
s
er
v
atio
n
in
ter
v
al.
T
h
is
f
o
r
m
u
latio
n
r
ep
r
esen
ts
th
e
d
eg
r
ee
o
f
en
e
r
g
y
in
d
e
p
en
d
en
ce
f
r
o
m
th
e
PLN
g
r
i
d
b
y
co
m
p
ar
in
g
th
e
p
o
r
tio
n
o
f
PV
en
e
r
g
y
u
tili
ze
d
lo
ca
ll
y
with
th
e
to
tal
lo
ad
d
e
m
an
d
.
3
.3
.
Sens
o
r
co
ns
is
t
ency
v
er
if
ica
t
io
n
Sin
ce
th
e
SC
R
an
d
SS
R
v
al
u
es
wer
e
d
er
iv
ed
d
ir
ec
tly
f
r
o
m
th
e
PZE
M
-
0
0
4
T
m
ea
s
u
r
e
m
en
ts
,
th
e
co
n
s
is
ten
cy
o
f
th
e
r
ec
o
r
d
e
d
el
ec
tr
ical
q
u
an
titi
es
was
ex
am
in
ed
b
ef
o
r
e
th
e
p
e
r
f
o
r
m
an
ce
an
a
ly
s
is
.
I
n
th
is
s
tag
e,
th
e
v
er
if
icatio
n
f
o
cu
s
ed
o
n
th
e
r
elatio
n
s
h
ip
b
etwe
en
m
ea
s
u
r
ed
ac
tiv
e
p
o
wer
an
d
c
u
m
u
lati
v
e
en
e
r
g
y
.
Fo
r
ea
ch
m
eter
,
in
cr
em
en
tal
ac
tiv
e
e
n
e
r
g
y
was
o
b
tain
ed
b
y
in
te
g
r
ati
n
g
th
e
m
ea
s
u
r
e
d
ac
tiv
e
p
o
wer
o
v
er
tim
e,
a
n
d
th
e
r
esu
lt
was
th
en
c
o
m
p
a
r
ed
with
th
e
in
c
r
em
en
tal
en
er
g
y
r
ec
o
n
s
tr
u
cted
f
r
o
m
two
co
n
s
ec
u
tiv
e
cu
m
u
lativ
e
en
er
g
y
r
ea
d
in
g
s
.
T
h
is
p
r
o
ce
d
u
r
e
was
ap
p
lied
s
ep
ar
ately
to
th
e
PV
-
s
id
e
m
eter
an
d
th
e
g
r
i
d
-
s
id
e
m
eter
u
s
in
g
o
n
e
-
m
in
u
te
o
p
e
r
atio
n
al
d
ata.
T
o
r
ed
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ce
th
e
i
n
f
lu
en
ce
o
f
u
n
s
tab
le
r
elativ
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-
er
r
o
r
v
al
u
es
at
v
er
y
l
o
w
p
o
wer
lev
els,
o
n
l
y
in
ter
v
als
with
ac
tiv
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p
o
wer
g
r
ea
ter
th
a
n
5
0
W
wer
e
in
clu
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ed
in
th
e
ev
alu
atio
n
.
T
h
e
r
elativ
e
er
r
o
r
o
b
tain
ed
f
o
r
ea
c
h
v
alid
in
ter
v
al
was th
en
s
u
m
m
ar
ized
u
s
in
g
th
e
m
ea
n
r
elativ
e
e
r
r
o
r
an
d
th
e
m
ax
im
u
m
a
b
s
o
lu
te
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elativ
e
er
r
o
r
f
o
r
ea
ch
o
b
s
er
v
atio
n
d
ay
.
I
n
ad
d
itio
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s
u
p
p
o
r
tin
g
f
ield
c
h
ec
k
s
wer
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ca
r
r
ied
o
u
t
u
s
in
g
a
h
an
d
h
el
d
d
ig
ital
m
u
ltime
ter
an
d
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p
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et
er
to
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th
e
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r
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en
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d
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y
s
tem
o
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er
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.
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ese
o
b
s
er
v
atio
n
s
p
r
o
v
id
ed
p
r
ac
tical
co
n
f
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m
atio
n
o
f
t
h
e
m
o
n
ito
r
e
d
elec
tr
ical
q
u
a
n
titi
es
u
n
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er
ac
tu
al
o
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atin
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n
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itio
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s
.
Ho
wev
e
r
,
th
e
y
wer
e
u
s
ed
o
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ly
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s
u
p
p
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tin
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ch
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k
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i
n
ten
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a
f
o
r
m
al
ca
lib
r
atio
n
ag
ain
s
t a
ce
r
tifie
d
r
ef
er
en
ce
in
s
tr
u
m
e
n
t.
3
.4
.
Sco
pe
a
nd
lim
it
a
t
io
ns
T
h
e
s
tu
d
y
f
o
cu
s
ed
o
n
s
h
o
r
t
-
te
r
m
o
p
er
atio
n
al
m
o
n
ito
r
in
g
o
f
a
r
esid
en
tial
r
o
o
f
to
p
PV
s
y
s
tem
o
v
er
a
s
ix
-
d
ay
o
b
s
er
v
atio
n
p
er
io
d
.
T
h
er
ef
o
r
e,
th
e
r
ep
o
r
te
d
r
esu
lts
r
ef
lect
s
y
s
tem
b
eh
av
io
r
u
n
d
er
th
e
o
b
s
er
v
e
d
h
o
u
s
eh
o
ld
lo
ad
c
o
m
b
in
atio
n
s
an
d
o
p
er
atin
g
co
n
d
itio
n
s
,
an
d
th
ey
d
o
n
o
t
y
et
r
ep
r
esen
t
l
o
n
g
er
-
te
r
m
s
ea
s
o
n
al
v
ar
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n
.
I
n
ad
d
itio
n
,
th
e
ev
alu
atio
n
o
f
th
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s
en
s
in
g
d
ev
ic
es
was
lim
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to
i
n
ter
n
al
c
o
n
s
is
ten
cy
b
etwe
en
m
ea
s
u
r
ed
ac
tiv
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p
o
wer
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d
c
u
m
u
lativ
e
e
n
er
g
y
.
Alth
o
u
g
h
s
u
p
p
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tin
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p
er
f
o
r
m
ed
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s
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g
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h
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h
el
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ig
ital
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u
ltime
ter
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a
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eter
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o
co
m
p
ar
is
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with
a
ca
lib
r
ated
r
ef
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eter
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co
n
d
u
cte
d
.
Fo
r
th
is
r
ea
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o
n
,
th
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p
r
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p
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m
o
n
ito
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y
s
tem
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m
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r
e
ap
p
r
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p
r
iately
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ter
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r
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as
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to
o
l
f
o
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p
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m
a
n
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ass
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m
en
t
o
f
r
o
o
f
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PV
in
t
eg
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r
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as
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f
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r
m
ally
ca
lib
r
ated
m
etr
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lo
g
ical
in
s
tr
u
m
e
n
t.
4.
RE
SU
L
T
S AN
D
D
I
SCU
SS
I
O
N
4
.
1
.
Sens
o
r
cha
ra
ct
er
iza
t
io
n
a
nd
perf
o
rm
a
nce
v
er
if
ic
a
t
io
n
B
ec
au
s
e
th
e
S
C
R
an
d
SS
R
v
alu
es
wer
e
d
er
iv
ed
d
ir
ec
tly
f
r
o
m
th
e
AC
-
s
id
e
m
ea
s
u
r
em
en
ts
,
th
e
co
n
s
is
ten
cy
o
f
th
e
PZE
M
-
0
0
4
T
r
ea
d
in
g
s
was
e
v
alu
ated
f
ir
s
t.
Fo
r
ea
ch
m
eter
,
t
h
e
i
n
ter
n
al
co
n
s
is
ten
cy
b
etwe
en
ac
tiv
e
p
o
wer
a
n
d
c
u
m
u
lativ
e
en
er
g
y
was
ex
am
in
e
d
u
s
in
g
o
n
e
-
m
in
u
te
in
ter
v
al
d
a
ta
co
llected
o
v
er
s
ix
co
n
s
ec
u
tiv
e
d
a
y
s
.
On
ly
in
ter
v
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with
ac
tiv
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p
o
wer
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o
v
e
5
0
W
wer
e
in
clu
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ed
in
th
e
ca
l
cu
latio
n
in
o
r
d
er
to
av
o
id
in
f
lated
r
elativ
e
e
r
r
o
r
at
v
er
y
lo
w
lo
ad
lev
els.
T
h
e
r
es
u
ltin
g
m
ea
n
r
elativ
e
er
r
o
r
an
d
m
ax
im
u
m
ab
s
o
lu
te
r
elativ
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r
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r
f
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r
ea
ch
d
a
y
ar
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u
m
m
ar
ized
in
T
a
b
le
1
.
T
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1
.
R
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V
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)
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(
%)
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x
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b
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l
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r
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r
(
%)
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r
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,
2
0
2
5
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0
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4
6
9
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PV
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6
7
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3
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Sep
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[
2
5
]
r
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[
2
6
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r
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4
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2
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T
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4
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Sep
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id
cu
r
r
en
t.
T
h
is
co
n
d
itio
n
i
n
d
ica
tes
th
at
r
o
o
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to
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er
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es
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e
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ain
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o
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ce
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o
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o
u
s
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l
o
ad
a
n
d
,
wh
en
g
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ce
e
d
s
co
n
s
u
m
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io
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,
allo
ws
s
u
r
p
l
u
s
en
er
g
y
to
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e
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p
o
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e
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n
etwo
r
k
.
Af
ter
th
e
tr
an
s
i
tio
n
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o
in
t,
th
e
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atter
n
r
ev
e
r
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es
,
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d
th
e
g
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id
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r
r
en
t
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ec
o
m
es
d
o
m
in
an
t,
wh
ich
m
ea
n
s
th
at
PV
o
u
tp
u
t
is
n
o
lo
n
g
er
s
u
f
f
icien
t
t
o
s
u
p
p
o
r
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e
lo
ad
o
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its
o
wn
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Alth
o
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e
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ag
n
itu
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e
o
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r
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i
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e
d
o
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in
a
n
ce
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atter
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ain
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o
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all
o
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er
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atio
n
d
a
y
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.
Fig
u
r
e
4
.
C
o
m
p
a
r
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o
n
o
f
PV a
n
d
g
r
i
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r
r
en
t d
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ics u
n
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e
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t c
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er
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ly
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ted
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u
p
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th
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tili
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o
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lin
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o
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tr
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tim
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an
d
cu
r
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en
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ain
en
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as
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ea
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r
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r
o
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ile
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r
e
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s
ed
o
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ly
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m
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ar
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o
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er
atin
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atter
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o
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r
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er
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r
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n
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g
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r
r
en
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x
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r
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Δ
=
−
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e
r
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s
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o
wn
in
Fig
u
r
e
5
.
Fig
u
r
e
5
s
h
o
ws
th
at
Δ
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em
ain
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o
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itiv
e
d
u
r
in
g
th
e
d
ay
ti
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e
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er
io
d
,
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ich
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n
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ir
m
s
th
at
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g
en
er
atio
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d
o
m
in
ates
th
e
s
u
p
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ly
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n
d
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r
r
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o
n
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s
t
o
e
x
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o
r
t
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n
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itio
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On
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itio
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o
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r
s
,
Δ
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ec
o
m
es
n
eg
ativ
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d
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ai
n
s
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o
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n
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e
en
d
o
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th
e
o
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s
er
v
atio
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io
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,
in
d
icatin
g
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at
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b
ec
o
m
es
th
e
m
ain
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u
p
p
o
r
t
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o
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lo
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d
th
e
s
y
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tem
o
p
er
ates
u
n
d
er
im
p
o
r
t
co
n
d
itio
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s
.
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h
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s
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elta
-
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r
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en
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r
o
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o
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ly
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o
n
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ir
m
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o
s
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o
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er
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er
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o
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atin
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3
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r
Fig
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6
s
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iatio
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n
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er
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im
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itio
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s
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r
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g
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e
o
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er
v
atio
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er
io
d
f
r
o
m
Sep
tem
b
er
1
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o
2
3
,
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0
2
5
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F
ig
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r
e
6
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n
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,
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co
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e
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en
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5
.
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g
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er
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im
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o
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o
n
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itio
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s
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0
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5
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6
.
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er
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7
.
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iles
(
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tem
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0
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5
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ely
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aily
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ir
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o
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atin
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aily
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an
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ich
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n
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e
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ito
r
e
d
s
y
s
tem
p
er
f
o
r
m
s
well
as
a
d
ay
tim
e
s
u
p
p
o
r
t so
u
r
ce
,
b
u
t its
o
v
er
all
s
elf
-
co
n
s
u
m
p
tio
n
r
em
ain
s
lim
i
ted
wh
en
ass
ess
ed
ac
r
o
s
s
th
e
f
u
ll d
aily
cy
cle.
T
h
is
co
m
b
in
atio
n
o
f
lo
w
SC
R
an
d
r
elativ
ely
h
i
g
h
d
a
y
tim
e
SS
R
s
u
g
g
ests
th
at
th
e
m
ain
lim
i
tatio
n
lies
in
th
e
m
is
m
atch
b
etwe
en
th
e
tim
in
g
o
f
PV
p
r
o
d
u
ctio
n
an
d
th
e
tim
in
g
o
f
h
o
u
s
eh
o
l
d
d
em
an
d
.
A
d
i
r
ec
t
n
u
m
er
ical
co
m
p
a
r
is
o
n
with
p
r
ev
io
u
s
SC
R
/
SS
R
s
tu
d
ies
s
h
o
u
ld
b
e
m
ad
e
ca
r
ef
u
lly
b
ec
au
s
e
th
ese
in
d
icato
r
s
ar
e
s
tr
o
n
g
ly
af
f
ec
ted
b
y
PV
ca
p
ac
ity
,
lo
ad
p
r
o
f
ile,
s
to
r
ag
e
i
n
s
tallatio
n
,
an
d
g
r
id
-
ex
p
o
r
t
lim
itatio
n
.
E
v
en
s
o
,
C
io
cia
et
a
l.
[
1
9
]
lik
ewise
s
h
o
wed
th
at
s
elf
-
co
n
s
u
m
p
tio
n
a
n
d
s
elf
-
s
u
f
f
icien
cy
c
h
an
g
e
s
ig
n
if
ican
tly
d
ep
e
n
d
in
g
o
n
g
r
id
lim
itatio
n
a
n
d
s
to
r
a
g
e
co
n
f
ig
u
r
atio
n
.
T
h
er
ef
o
r
e,
th
e
lo
w
SC
R
b
u
t
r
elativ
ely
h
ig
h
d
a
y
tim
e
SS
R
o
b
s
er
v
ed
h
e
r
e
ca
n
r
ea
s
o
n
a
b
ly
b
e
in
ter
p
r
eted
as
ev
id
e
n
ce
th
a
t
th
e
s
y
s
tem
s
u
p
p
o
r
ts
th
e
lo
ad
ef
f
ec
tiv
ely
d
u
r
in
g
s
o
lar
h
o
u
r
s
,
y
et
s
till
ex
h
ib
its
lim
ited
d
aily
s
elf
-
co
n
s
u
m
p
tio
n
b
ec
au
s
e
th
e
d
em
an
d
p
r
o
f
ile
is
n
o
t
f
u
lly
alig
n
ed
with
PV
p
r
o
d
u
ctio
n
.
Fro
m
an
o
p
er
atio
n
al
p
er
s
p
ec
tiv
e,
t
h
is
r
esu
lt
im
p
lies
th
at
im
p
r
o
v
in
g
lo
ca
l
PV
u
tili
za
tio
n
wo
u
ld
lik
ely
r
eq
u
ir
e
b
etter
alig
n
m
en
t
b
etwe
en
ap
p
lian
ce
u
s
e
an
d
PV
g
en
er
atio
n
,
f
o
r
ex
am
p
le
th
r
o
u
g
h
d
ay
tim
e
lo
ad
s
h
if
tin
g
.
I
n
ad
d
itio
n
,
if
th
e
o
b
jectiv
e
is
to
im
p
r
o
v
e
en
er
g
y
in
d
e
p
en
d
e
n
ce
b
ey
o
n
d
d
a
y
lig
h
t
h
o
u
r
s
,
s
to
r
ag
e
o
r
m
o
r
e
ad
v
a
n
ce
d
d
e
m
an
d
m
an
a
g
em
en
t
wo
u
ld
b
e
n
ec
ess
ar
y
.
W
ith
o
u
t
s
u
ch
m
e
asu
r
es,
th
e
s
y
s
tem
r
em
ain
s
ef
f
ec
tiv
e
d
u
r
in
g
th
e
d
ay
b
u
t stru
ctu
r
ally
d
ep
e
n
d
en
t
o
n
th
e
g
r
id
at
n
i
g
h
t.
4
.
5
.
Dis
cus
s
io
n a
nd
im
pli
ca
t
io
ns
T
ak
en
to
g
et
h
er
,
th
e
r
esu
lts
s
h
o
w
th
at
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
lo
w
-
c
o
s
t
AC
-
s
id
e
m
o
n
ito
r
in
g
f
r
a
m
ewo
r
k
is
ab
le
to
ca
p
tu
r
e
th
e
ess
en
tial
o
p
er
at
in
g
b
eh
a
v
io
r
o
f
r
o
o
f
to
p
PV
in
teg
r
atio
n
,
in
cl
u
d
in
g
th
e
tr
a
n
s
itio
n
b
etwe
en
e
x
p
o
r
t
an
d
im
p
o
r
t,
t
h
e
r
elativ
e
co
n
tr
ib
u
tio
n
o
f
PV
an
d
g
r
id
p
o
wer
,
an
d
th
e
r
esu
ltin
g
en
er
g
y
-
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
im
p
licatio
n
s
ex
p
r
ess
ed
th
r
o
u
g
h
SC
R
an
d
SS
R
.
I
n
th
is
s
en
s
e,
th
e
s
y
s
tem
d
o
es
n
o
t
m
er
el
y
p
r
o
v
id
e
r
ea
l
-
tim
e
elec
tr
ical
m
ea
s
u
r
em
en
ts
,
b
u
t
also
s
u
p
p
o
r
ts
a
m
o
r
e
in
ter
p
r
et
ab
le
ass
es
s
m
en
t
o
f
lo
ca
l
PV
u
tili
za
tio
n
an
d
g
r
i
d
d
ep
en
d
e
n
ce
at
th
e
h
o
u
s
eh
o
ld
lev
el.
All
o
f
th
ese
co
n
clu
s
io
n
s
r
em
ain
g
r
o
u
n
d
ed
in
th
e
p
r
esen
t
ex
p
er
im
en
tal
o
b
s
er
v
atio
n
s
.
Fro
m
an
ap
p
licatio
n
s
tan
d
p
o
in
t,
th
e
m
ain
o
p
p
o
r
tu
n
ity
f
o
r
i
m
p
r
o
v
i
n
g
r
o
o
f
to
p
PV
u
tili
za
tio
n
ap
p
ea
r
s
to
lie
in
d
em
an
d
-
s
id
e
ad
ju
s
tm
en
t
r
ath
er
th
an
in
ad
d
itio
n
a
l
PV
g
en
er
atio
n
alo
n
e.
Du
r
in
g
th
e
d
ay
tim
e,
PV
alr
ea
d
y
d
o
m
in
ates
th
e
s
u
p
p
ly
p
r
o
f
ile,
s
o
in
c
r
ea
s
in
g
th
e
o
p
er
atio
n
o
f
f
lex
i
b
le
h
o
u
s
eh
o
ld
lo
ad
s
in
th
at
p
er
io
d
wo
u
ld
b
e
e
x
p
ec
ted
t
o
im
p
r
o
v
e
s
elf
-
co
n
s
u
m
p
tio
n
d
ir
ec
tly
.
At
th
e
s
am
e
tim
e,
th
e
s
tr
o
n
g
ev
en
in
g
d
ep
en
d
en
ce
o
n
PLN
s
h
o
ws
th
at
en
er
g
y
in
d
ep
en
d
e
n
ce
r
em
ain
s
lim
ited
i
n
th
e
ab
s
en
ce
o
f
s
to
r
a
g
e.
T
h
e
r
ef
o
r
e,
th
e
p
r
esen
t
r
esu
lts
ca
n
s
er
v
e
as
a
p
r
ac
ti
ca
l
b
asis
f
o
r
lo
ad
s
ch
ed
u
lin
g
,
p
r
o
s
u
m
er
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
ev
al
u
atio
n
,
an
d
f
u
tu
r
e
p
lan
n
in
g
o
f
r
esid
e
n
tial
r
o
o
f
t
o
p
PV
s
y
s
tem
s
.
I
n
a
d
d
itio
n
,
th
ese
f
i
n
d
in
g
s
s
u
g
g
est
th
a
t
p
o
licy
m
ea
s
u
r
es
en
co
u
r
a
g
in
g
d
ay
tim
e
en
e
r
g
y
u
s
e
o
r
p
r
o
s
u
m
er
-
o
r
ien
ted
in
c
en
tiv
es
co
u
ld
im
p
r
o
v
e
th
e
ef
f
ec
tiv
e
u
tili
za
tio
n
o
f
r
o
o
f
to
p
PV
s
y
s
tem
s
.
Su
ch
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
es
m
ay
h
elp
r
e
d
u
ce
ex
ce
s
s
en
er
g
y
ex
p
o
r
t
wh
ile
in
cr
ea
s
in
g
lo
ca
l
s
elf
-
co
n
s
u
m
p
tio
n
u
n
d
er
g
r
id
-
co
n
n
e
cted
o
p
er
atio
n
.
5.
CO
NCLU
SI
O
N
T
h
is
s
tu
d
y
ev
alu
ate
d
th
e
o
p
er
atio
n
al
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
o
f
a
g
r
id
-
co
n
n
ec
ted
r
esid
en
tial
r
o
o
f
to
p
PV
s
y
s
tem
u
s
in
g
a
lo
w
-
co
s
t
I
o
T
-
b
ased
A
C
-
s
id
e
m
o
n
ito
r
in
g
f
r
am
ewo
r
k
to
g
eth
er
with
th
e
SC
R
an
d
SS
R
in
d
icato
r
s
.
T
h
e
r
esu
lts
s
h
o
w
th
at
th
e
m
o
n
ito
r
ed
s
y
s
tem
o
p
er
ated
u
n
d
e
r
ex
p
o
r
t
co
n
d
itio
n
s
f
r
o
m
1
0
:0
0
u
n
til
ap
p
r
o
x
im
ately
1
7
:4
0
to
1
7
:4
6
,
wh
en
PV
g
en
e
r
atio
n
ex
ce
e
d
ed
g
r
id
co
n
tr
i
b
u
t
io
n
,
an
d
th
e
n
s
h
if
ted
to
im
p
o
r
t
o
p
er
atio
n
as
s
o
lar
o
u
tp
u
t d
ec
lin
e
d
an
d
r
elian
ce
o
n
th
e
PLN
g
r
id
in
cr
ea
s
ed
.
T
h
is
b
eh
av
io
r
was a
ls
o
r
ef
lecte
d
in
th
e
p
o
wer
p
r
o
f
ile
,
wh
er
e
th
e
av
er
ag
e
PV p
o
wer
d
u
r
in
g
th
e
e
x
p
o
r
t p
e
r
io
d
r
ea
c
h
ed
4
2
1
.
3
5
W
,
wh
ile
th
e
av
er
ag
e
PLN
co
n
tr
ib
u
tio
n
d
u
r
in
g
t
h
e
im
p
o
r
t
p
er
io
d
i
n
c
r
ea
s
ed
to
4
2
3
.
8
2
W
.
I
n
ter
m
s
o
f
cu
m
u
lativ
e
en
e
r
g
y
,
P
V
co
n
tr
ib
u
ted
m
o
r
e
s
tr
o
n
g
ly
d
u
r
in
g
th
e
d
a
y
tim
e,
wh
er
ea
s
g
r
id
en
e
r
g
y
b
ec
am
e
d
o
m
in
an
t a
g
ai
n
f
r
o
m
late
af
ter
n
o
o
n
to
n
ig
h
t.
T
h
e
ca
lcu
lated
SC
R
an
d
SS
R
v
alu
es
f
u
r
th
er
in
d
icate
th
at
t
h
e
r
o
o
f
to
p
PV
s
y
s
tem
was
ef
f
ec
tiv
e
in
s
u
p
p
o
r
tin
g
h
o
u
s
eh
o
l
d
d
em
an
d
d
u
r
in
g
d
ay
tim
e
o
p
er
atio
n
,
y
et
its
o
v
er
all
d
aily
s
elf
-
co
n
s
u
m
p
tio
n
r
em
ain
ed
lim
ited
.
Daily
SC
R
r
an
g
ed
f
r
o
m
1
.
0
8
%
to
6
.
8
6
%,
wh
ile
S
SR
r
an
g
ed
f
r
o
m
3
.
0
7
%
to
7
4
.
6
1
%.
T
h
ese
r
esu
lts
s
u
g
g
est
th
at
th
e
m
ain
lim
itatio
n
was
n
o
t
s
im
p
ly
th
e
a
v
ailab
ilit
y
o
f
PV
g
en
er
atio
n
d
u
r
in
g
s
o
lar
h
o
u
r
s
,
b
u
t
th
e
m
is
m
atch
b
etwe
en
th
e
tim
in
g
o
f
PV
p
r
o
d
u
ctio
n
an
d
th
e
h
o
u
s
eh
o
ld
l
o
ad
p
r
o
f
ile.
As
a
r
esu
lt,
alth
o
u
g
h
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
m
o
n
ito
r
in
g
f
r
am
e
wo
r
k
s
u
cc
ess
f
u
lly
ca
p
tu
r
ed
th
e
k
ey
o
p
er
atin
g
b
eh
av
io
r
o
f
r
o
o
f
to
p
PV
-
g
r
i
d
in
ter
ac
tio
n
u
n
d
e
r
ac
tu
al
h
o
u
s
eh
o
ld
co
n
d
itio
n
s
,
th
e
s
y
s
tem
s
till
d
ep
en
d
ed
s
tr
o
n
g
ly
o
n
t
h
e
g
r
id
o
u
ts
id
e
th
e
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
t J Ap
p
l Po
wer
E
n
g
I
SS
N:
2252
-
8
7
9
2
P
erfo
r
ma
n
ce
ev
a
lu
a
tio
n
o
f ro
o
fto
p
p
h
o
to
vo
lta
ic
i
n
teg
r
a
tio
n
u
s
in
g
s
elf
-
co
n
s
u
mp
tio
n
…
(
S
y
u
kro
n
A
l
-
F
a
jr
i)
1407
p
r
o
d
u
ctiv
e
s
o
lar
p
er
io
d
.
Ov
e
r
all,
th
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ay
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.
AUTHO
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ax
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ip
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:
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f
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w
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n
v
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est.
DATA AV
AI
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AB
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h
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ata
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,
[
S],
u
p
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n
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ea
s
o
n
ab
le
r
eq
u
est.
RE
F
E
R
E
NC
E
S
[
1
]
R
.
S
.
S
a
r
i
,
S
a
r
j
i
y
a
,
a
n
d
L.
M
.
P
u
t
r
a
n
t
o
,
“
R
e
a
l
i
z
i
n
g
n
a
t
i
o
n
a
l
t
a
r
g
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t
s
t
h
r
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g
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g
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e
r
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t
i
o
n
e
x
p
a
n
s
i
o
n
p
l
a
n
n
i
n
g
:
a
t
r
a
n
si
t
i
o
n
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y
c
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s
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st
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d
y
o
f
Ja
v
a
-
B
a
l
i
p
o
w
e
r
s
y
st
e
m,
I
n
d
o
n
e
s
i
a
,
”
i
n
Pr
o
c
e
e
d
i
n
g
s
o
f
t
h
e
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n
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t
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e
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g
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s
,
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6
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4
1
4
.
2
0
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4
.
1
0
7
4
7
9
9
9
.
[
2
]
A
.
H
.
I
k
e
v
u
j
e
,
J
.
M
.
K
w
a
k
y
e
,
D
.
E
.
Ek
e
c
h
u
k
w
u
,
O
.
B
.
O
g
u
n
d
i
p
e
,
a
n
d
A
.
E
.
Es
i
r
i
,
“
O
p
t
i
mi
z
i
n
g
t
h
e
e
n
e
r
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y
mi
x
:
st
r
a
t
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g
i
e
s
f
o
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u
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y
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p
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n
d
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n
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p
e
n
Ac
c
e
ss
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e
se
a
rc
h
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o
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r
n
a
l
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f
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u
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t
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.
8
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1
.
0
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5
1
.
[
3
]
D
.
E
.
H
.
J
.
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e
r
n
a
a
t
,
H
.
S
.
d
e
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,
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C
.
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a
mm
e
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r
,
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n
d
D
.
P
.
v
a
n
V
u
u
r
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n
,
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h
e
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l
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f
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si
d
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n
t
i
a
l
r
o
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t
o
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p
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t
o
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n
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o
ng
-
t
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m
e
n
e
r
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y
a
n
d
c
l
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ma
t
e
s
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n
a
r
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o
s
,
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p
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v
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0
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1
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5
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0
5
.
[
4
]
Q
.
Y
i
n
,
A
.
Li
,
a
n
d
C
.
H
a
n
,
“
Th
e
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o
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s
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a
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v
o
l
t
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s
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n
e
n
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y
-
sa
v
i
n
g
b
u
i
l
d
i
n
g
s:
r
e
se
a
r
c
h
p
r
o
g
r
e
ss
a
n
d
f
u
t
u
r
e
d
e
v
e
l
o
p
me
n
t
t
r
e
n
d
s,
”
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u
i
l
d
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n
g
s
,
v
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l
.
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u
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d
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s
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1
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3
0
9
1
.
[
5
]
N
.
M
a
n
s
o
u
r
i
,
A
.
La
s
h
a
b
,
D
.
S
e
r
a
,
J
.
M
.
G
u
e
r
r
e
r
o
,
a
n
d
A
.
C
h
e
r
i
f
,
“
La
r
g
e
p
h
o
t
o
v
o
l
t
a
i
c
p
o
w
e
r
p
l
a
n
t
s
i
n
t
e
g
r
a
t
i
o
n
:
a
r
e
v
i
e
w
o
f
c
h
a
l
l
e
n
g
e
s a
n
d
s
o
l
u
t
i
o
n
s
,
”
En
e
rg
i
e
s
,
v
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l
.
1
2
,
n
o
.
1
9
,
p
.
3
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9
8
,
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,
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o
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:
1
0
.
3
3
9
0
/
e
n
1
2
1
9
3
7
9
8
.
[
6
]
Z.
S
a
n
d
i
,
“
Ex
a
mi
n
i
n
g
p
o
w
e
r
q
u
a
l
i
t
y
c
h
a
l
l
e
n
g
e
s
i
n
p
h
o
t
o
v
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l
t
a
i
c
-
g
r
i
d
i
n
t
e
g
r
a
t
i
o
n
:
a
c
r
i
t
i
c
a
l
r
e
v
i
e
w
,
”
J
o
u
r
n
a
l
o
f
P
o
w
e
r,
E
n
e
r
g
y
,
a
n
d
C
o
n
t
r
o
l
,
v
o
l
.
1
,
n
o
.
1
,
p
p
.
1
2
–
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3
,
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p
r
.
2
0
2
4
,
d
o
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:
1
0
.
6
2
7
7
7
/
p
e
c
.
v
1
i
1
.
4
.
[
7
]
M
.
M
o
r
e
y
,
N
.
G
u
p
t
a
,
M
.
M
.
G
a
r
g
,
a
n
d
A
.
K
u
mar,
“
A
c
o
mp
r
e
h
e
n
s
i
v
e
r
e
v
i
e
w
o
f
g
r
i
d
-
c
o
n
n
e
c
t
e
d
s
o
l
a
r
p
h
o
t
o
v
o
l
t
a
i
c
s
y
st
e
m:
a
r
c
h
i
t
e
c
t
u
r
e
,
c
o
n
t
r
o
l
,
a
n
d
a
n
c
i
l
l
a
r
y
ser
v
i
c
e
s,
”
R
e
n
e
w
a
b
l
e
E
n
e
r
g
y
Fo
c
u
s
,
v
o
l
.
4
5
,
p
p
.
3
0
7
–
3
3
0
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2
0
2
3
,
d
o
i
:
1
0
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1
0
1
6
/
j
.
r
e
f
.
2
0
2
3
.
0
4
.
0
0
9
.
[
8
]
B
.
U
z
u
m,
A
.
O
n
e
n
,
H
.
M
.
H
a
sa
n
i
e
n
,
a
n
d
S
.
M
.
M
u
y
e
e
n
,
“
R
o
o
f
t
o
p
so
l
a
r
PV
p
e
n
e
t
r
a
t
i
o
n
i
mp
a
c
t
s
o
n
d
i
st
r
i
b
u
t
i
o
n
n
e
t
w
o
r
k
a
n
d
f
u
r
t
h
e
r
g
r
o
w
t
h
f
a
c
t
o
r
s
—
a
c
o
m
p
r
e
h
e
n
s
i
v
e
r
e
v
i
e
w
,
”
El
e
c
t
ro
n
i
c
s
(
S
w
i
t
z
e
rl
a
n
d
)
,
v
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l
.
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0
,
n
o
.
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p
.
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,
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:
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3
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9
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/
e
l
e
c
t
r
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n
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c
s
1
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0
1
0
0
5
5
.
[
9
]
J.
R
e
e
d
,
S
.
M
a
h
l
e
n
,
L.
Z
h
a
o
,
M
.
L
i
n
d
e
ma
n
n
,
M
.
H
.
K
a
p
o
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h
a
l
i
,
a
n
d
M
.
H
.
K
a
p
o
u
r
c
h
a
l
i
,
“
I
n
d
u
st
r
i
a
l
I
o
T
-
b
a
s
e
d
mo
n
i
t
o
r
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g
a
p
p
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c
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t
i
o
n
f
o
r
g
r
i
d
-
t
i
e
d
p
h
o
t
o
v
o
l
t
a
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c
sy
s
t
e
ms,”
i
n
Pr
o
c
e
e
d
i
n
g
s
o
f
t
h
e
I
EEE
P
o
w
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r
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n
g
i
n
e
e
ri
n
g
S
o
c
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e
t
y
T
ra
n
sm
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