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I
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Sep
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1352
Ag
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n
g
I
n
d
ia’
s
n
et
-
ze
r
o
em
is
s
io
n
tar
g
ets
b
y
2
0
7
0
[
3
]
.
I
n
th
is
co
n
tex
t,
ad
o
p
tin
g
r
en
ewa
b
le
-
en
er
g
y
-
d
r
iv
en
f
ar
m
m
ac
h
i
n
er
y
is
ess
en
tial.
C
h
ick
p
ea
is
a
m
aj
o
r
p
u
ls
e
cr
o
p
cu
ltiv
ated
ex
ten
s
iv
ely
in
s
em
i
-
ar
id
r
eg
io
n
s
s
u
ch
as
No
r
th
Kar
n
atak
a.
C
h
ick
p
ea
leaf
n
ip
p
in
g
is
a
cr
itical
ag
r
o
n
o
m
ic
p
r
ac
tice
in
ch
ick
p
ea
c
u
ltiv
ati
o
n
,
ty
p
ically
p
er
f
o
r
m
ed
at
3
0
t
o
4
0
d
ay
s
af
ter
s
o
win
g
(
DAS)
,
wh
er
e
th
e
a
p
ical
b
u
d
o
f
th
e
p
l
an
t
is
r
em
o
v
e
d
to
s
u
p
p
r
ess
v
er
tical
g
r
o
wth
an
d
p
r
o
m
o
te
late
r
al
b
r
an
c
h
in
g
.
T
h
is
p
h
y
s
io
lo
g
ical
r
esp
o
n
s
e
in
c
r
ea
s
es
th
e
n
u
m
b
e
r
o
f
p
r
o
d
u
ctiv
e
b
r
an
ch
es,
e
n
h
an
c
es
p
o
d
f
o
r
m
a
tio
n
,
an
d
im
p
r
o
v
es
o
v
er
all
cr
o
p
y
ield
.
Pre
v
io
u
s
s
tu
d
ies
h
av
e
r
ep
o
r
ted
y
ield
im
p
r
o
v
em
en
ts
o
f
ap
p
r
o
x
im
ately
2
0
–
3
0
%
d
u
e
to
tim
ely
n
ip
p
in
g
.
Ho
wev
er
,
th
is
o
p
er
atio
n
is
p
r
ed
o
m
in
an
tly
p
er
f
o
r
m
ed
m
a
n
u
ally
,
m
ak
in
g
it
la
b
o
u
r
-
i
n
ten
s
iv
e
an
d
in
ef
f
icien
t,
p
a
r
ticu
lar
ly
o
n
lar
g
e
-
s
ca
le
f
ar
m
s
.
T
h
e
r
ef
o
r
e,
th
e
r
e
is
a
n
ee
d
f
o
r
a
s
u
s
tain
ab
le,
co
s
t
-
ef
f
ec
tiv
e,
a
n
d
cr
o
p
-
s
p
ec
if
ic
m
ec
h
a
n
ized
s
o
lu
tio
n
.
T
h
e
in
teg
r
atio
n
o
f
s
o
la
r
-
p
o
wer
e
d
ag
r
icu
ltu
r
al
m
ac
h
in
er
y
o
f
f
er
s
a
v
iab
le
s
tr
ateg
y
to
im
p
r
o
v
e
o
p
er
atio
n
al
ef
f
icien
cy
,
d
ec
r
ea
s
e
r
elian
c
e
o
n
f
o
s
s
il
f
u
els,
an
d
i
n
cr
ea
s
e
f
ar
m
in
co
m
e
[
4
]
.
A
r
ec
en
t
s
tu
d
y
d
em
o
n
s
tr
ates
th
at
co
m
b
in
in
g
ar
tific
ial
in
tellig
en
ce
(
AI
)
with
s
o
lar
-
p
o
wer
e
d
s
y
s
tem
s
ca
n
f
u
r
th
er
en
h
an
ce
e
n
er
g
y
ef
f
icien
c
y
an
d
d
ec
is
io
n
-
m
a
k
in
g
in
p
r
ec
is
io
n
f
ar
m
in
g
.
AI
-
b
ased
o
p
tim
izat
io
n
h
as
b
ee
n
s
h
o
wn
to
in
cr
ea
s
e
s
o
lar
e
n
er
g
y
u
tili
za
tio
n
b
y
u
p
to
2
5
%
an
d
r
ed
u
ce
c
ar
b
o
n
em
is
s
io
n
s
b
y
n
ea
r
ly
3
0
%
[
5
]
.
T
o
en
c
o
u
r
a
g
e
f
ar
m
er
s
to
a
d
o
p
t
elec
tr
ic
a
g
r
ic
u
ltu
r
al
m
ac
h
in
e
r
y
,
t
h
er
e
is
a
n
ee
d
f
o
r
th
e
C
o
m
m
o
n
Ag
r
icu
ltu
r
al
Po
licy
(
C
AP)
,
wh
ich
p
r
o
v
id
es in
ce
n
tiv
es f
o
r
f
ar
m
er
s
[
6
]
.
2.
L
I
T
E
R
AT
U
RE
SU
RVE
Y
T
h
is
s
ec
tio
n
ex
p
lo
r
es
th
e
f
in
d
in
g
s
f
r
o
m
th
e
liter
atu
r
e
s
u
r
v
ey
i
n
th
e
f
ield
o
f
f
ar
m
m
ac
h
in
er
y
.
R
en
ewa
b
le
en
er
g
y
s
o
u
r
ce
s
ca
n
b
e
h
ar
n
ess
ed
to
p
o
wer
d
if
f
er
en
t
ag
r
icu
l
tu
r
al
m
ac
h
in
es.
T
h
ese
m
ac
h
in
es
ca
n
b
e
u
s
ed
f
o
r
task
s
s
u
ch
as ir
r
ig
atio
n
,
p
lan
ti
n
g
,
an
d
h
ar
v
est
in
g
u
s
in
g
m
o
d
e
r
n
r
en
ewa
b
le
tech
n
o
l
o
g
ies [
7
]
.
L
a
n
j
e
k
a
r
e
t
a
l
.
[
8
]
d
e
v
e
l
o
p
e
d
a
t
e
c
h
n
o
-
e
c
o
n
o
m
i
c
a
n
al
y
s
is
a
n
d
l
i
f
e
c
y
c
l
e
a
s
s
es
s
m
e
n
t
o
f
a
s
o
l
ar
-
p
o
w
e
r
e
d
f
a
r
m
r
i
c
k
s
h
aw
d
es
i
g
n
e
d
f
o
r
I
n
d
i
a
n
r
o
a
d
c
o
n
d
i
t
i
o
n
s
.
T
h
e
i
n
c
r
e
a
s
i
n
g
r
o
le
o
f
a
u
t
o
n
o
m
o
u
s
,
r
e
n
e
w
a
b
l
e
e
n
e
r
g
y
-
p
o
w
e
r
e
d
e
l
e
c
t
r
i
c
v
e
h
i
cl
e
s
(
E
V
s
)
i
n
a
g
r
i
c
u
l
t
u
r
e
i
s
n
o
t
ew
o
r
th
y
.
T
h
e
s
e
v
e
h
i
c
le
s
h
a
v
e
t
h
e
p
o
t
e
n
t
i
a
l
t
o
e
n
h
a
n
c
e
a
u
t
o
m
a
t
i
o
n
,
i
m
p
r
o
v
e
e
n
e
r
g
y
e
f
f
i
c
i
e
n
c
y
,
a
n
d
p
r
o
m
o
t
e
s
u
s
t
a
i
n
ab
i
l
i
t
y
t
h
r
o
u
g
h
o
n
-
s
i
t
e
g
r
e
e
n
e
n
er
g
y
g
e
n
e
r
a
t
i
o
n
[
9
]
.
T
h
e
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
an
aly
s
is
o
f
g
r
id
-
co
n
n
ec
ted
s
o
lar
PV
s
y
s
tem
s
f
o
r
f
am
ily
f
ar
m
lo
ad
s
in
d
icate
s
th
at
th
e
s
y
s
tem
g
en
er
ates
1
1
7
.
0
6
MWh
p
er
y
ea
r
.
T
h
is
o
u
t
p
u
t
c
o
v
er
s
4
0
%
o
f
t
h
e
f
ar
m
'
s
en
er
g
y
n
ee
d
s
an
d
ac
h
iev
es
a
r
en
ewa
b
le
f
r
ac
tio
n
(
R
F)
o
f
4
9
%.
Fu
r
th
er
m
o
r
e,
th
e
s
y
s
tem
s
ig
n
if
ican
tly
r
ed
u
ce
s
e
n
v
ir
o
n
m
en
tal
im
p
ac
t
b
y
cu
ttin
g
em
is
s
io
n
s
o
f
C
O₂
b
y
5
6
.
3
4
%,
SO₂
b
y
5
6
.
5
2
%,
an
d
NOₓ
b
y
5
6
.
4
5
%,
th
er
e
b
y
p
r
o
m
o
tin
g
s
u
s
tain
ab
le
en
er
g
y
u
s
e
in
Alg
er
ian
f
ar
m
s
[
1
0
]
.
Das
et
a
l.
[
1
1
]
d
ev
elo
p
ed
an
elec
tr
ic
m
in
i
tr
ac
to
r
f
ea
tu
r
es
a
3
k
W
B
L
DC
m
o
to
r
d
esig
n
ed
f
o
r
m
ild
p
lo
u
g
h
i
n
g
o
p
er
ati
o
n
s
.
I
t
h
as
b
ee
n
d
e
v
elo
p
ed
an
d
test
ed
u
n
d
er
v
ar
i
o
u
s
co
n
d
itio
n
s
a
n
d
is
p
o
wer
ed
b
y
a
6
0
V,
1
0
0
Ah
lea
d
-
ac
id
b
atter
y
p
ac
k
,
allo
win
g
f
o
r
o
p
er
atio
n
last
in
g
5
to
6
h
o
u
r
s
.
A
1
.
2
k
W
p
o
r
t
ab
le
s
o
lar
ch
ar
g
i
n
g
s
tatio
n
h
as
b
ee
n
d
ev
elo
p
ed
f
o
r
ch
ar
g
in
g
an
elec
tr
ic
p
o
wer
ti
ller
,
p
r
im
ar
ily
u
s
ed
f
o
r
lan
d
c
u
ltiv
atio
n
.
T
h
e
k
ey
f
in
d
in
g
s
f
r
o
m
r
esear
c
h
p
u
b
licatio
n
s
ar
e
s
h
o
wn
in
T
a
b
le
1
.
B
ased
o
n
th
e
liter
atu
r
e
a
n
d
f
ie
ld
s
u
r
v
ey
s
co
n
d
u
cte
d
in
th
ese
r
eg
io
n
s
,
lar
g
e
-
s
ca
le
f
ar
m
er
s
u
s
e
in
ter
n
al
co
m
b
u
s
tio
n
en
g
i
n
e
(
I
C
E
)
ag
r
i
cu
ltu
r
al
m
ac
h
in
er
y
f
o
r
v
ar
io
u
s
o
p
er
atio
n
s
.
T
h
e
in
teg
r
atio
n
o
f
s
o
lar
p
o
wer
in
to
ag
r
icu
ltu
r
al
m
ac
h
in
er
y
r
em
ai
n
s
in
its
ea
r
ly
s
t
ag
es.
Sig
n
if
ican
t
r
esear
ch
is
n
ee
d
e
d
to
en
a
b
le
th
e
ad
o
p
tio
n
o
f
elec
tr
ic
v
eh
icles in
th
e
ag
r
ic
u
ltu
r
al
s
ec
to
r
.
2
.
1
.
No
v
elt
y
in t
he
re
s
ea
rc
h
T
h
e
liter
atu
r
e
s
u
r
v
e
y
,
s
u
p
p
o
r
ted
b
y
f
iel
d
v
is
its
in
No
r
th
Kar
n
atak
a,
I
n
d
ia,
h
ig
h
lig
h
ts
cr
itic
al
r
esear
ch
an
d
d
e
v
elo
p
m
e
n
t
g
a
p
s
in
ag
r
icu
ltu
r
al
m
ec
h
a
n
izatio
n
a
n
d
r
en
ewa
b
le
e
n
er
g
y
in
teg
r
atio
n
.
T
h
ese
f
i
n
d
in
g
s
em
p
h
asize
th
e
im
p
o
r
ta
n
ce
o
f
a
d
d
r
ess
in
g
tech
n
o
l
o
g
ica
l
lim
itatio
n
s
in
th
e
s
ec
to
r
.
T
h
er
e
is
a
n
e
ed
f
o
r
cr
o
p
-
s
p
ec
if
i
c
ag
r
icu
ltu
r
al
m
ac
h
in
es
o
r
e
-
a
g
r
i
v
eh
icles
f
o
r
o
p
er
atio
n
s
s
u
ch
as
n
ip
p
in
g
in
ch
ick
p
ea
an
d
p
ig
e
o
n
p
ea
cu
ltiv
atio
n
.
C
h
ick
p
ea
is
a
s
h
o
r
t
-
h
eig
h
t
cr
o
p
,
m
ak
in
g
m
an
u
al
n
i
p
p
in
g
o
f
leav
es
d
if
f
icu
lt
an
d
lab
o
r
-
in
ten
s
iv
e,
lead
in
g
to
s
ig
n
if
ican
t
d
r
u
d
g
er
y
f
o
r
f
ar
m
er
s
.
T
h
is
s
tu
d
y
p
r
es
en
ts
a
s
o
lar
-
p
o
wer
ed
t
h
r
ee
-
r
o
w
ch
ick
p
ea
n
ip
p
in
g
m
ac
h
in
e
th
at
s
im
u
ltan
eo
u
s
ly
n
ip
s
th
r
ee
r
o
ws
o
f
ch
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p
ea
w
h
ile
r
ed
u
cin
g
en
er
g
y
c
o
n
s
u
m
p
tio
n
.
T
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
m
ac
h
in
e
also
in
teg
r
ates
a
le
af
-
co
llectio
n
m
ec
h
an
is
m
,
en
a
b
lin
g
f
ar
m
er
s
to
c
o
llect
ch
ic
k
p
ea
leav
es
d
u
r
in
g
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
t J Ap
p
l Po
wer
E
n
g
I
SS
N:
2252
-
8
7
9
2
Desig
n
d
ev
elo
p
men
t a
n
d
tech
n
o
-
ec
o
n
o
mic
a
s
s
ess
men
t o
f a
s
o
la
r
-
p
o
w
ered
th
r
ee
-
r
o
w
…
(
P
r
a
s
h
a
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4
.
Cut
t
ing
f
o
rc
e,
t
o
rque,
a
nd
ba
t
t
er
y
s
izing
f
o
r
a
chickpea
nip
pi
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m
ec
ha
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m
T
h
e
m
ec
h
an
ical
d
esig
n
o
f
th
e
n
ip
p
in
g
m
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h
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is
m
is
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ased
o
n
th
e
cr
o
p
'
s
p
h
y
s
ical
ch
ar
ac
ter
is
tics
.
I
t
also
co
n
s
id
er
s
th
e
s
y
s
tem
's
p
o
wer
tr
ain
r
eq
u
ir
em
e
n
ts
.
C
u
ttin
g
f
o
r
ce
f
o
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th
e
n
i
p
p
in
g
o
p
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o
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o
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s
tem
g
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m
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m
ater
ial
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r
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p
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ties
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cu
ttin
g
s
p
ee
d
,
a
n
d
c
u
ttin
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d
e
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th
.
3
.
4
.
1
.
Cut
t
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f
o
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esti
m
a
t
i
o
n
T
h
e
av
e
r
ag
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s
tem
d
iam
eter
o
f
ch
ick
p
ea
p
lan
ts
r
an
g
es
b
etwe
e
n
3
m
m
to
6
m
m
[
2
2
]
.
T
h
e
cu
t
tin
g
f
o
r
ce
r
eq
u
ir
ed
f
o
r
g
r
ee
n
g
r
a
m
cr
o
p
s
r
an
g
es
f
r
o
m
4
to
8
N,
with
s
ig
n
if
ican
t
v
ar
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n
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ep
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n
d
in
g
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n
s
tem
m
o
is
tu
r
e
co
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t
a
n
d
d
iam
eter
[
2
3
]
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T
h
e
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ttin
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o
r
ce
F
C
r
eq
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i
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o
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=
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c
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g
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o
m
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5
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(
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2
4
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A
C
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r
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ical
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ty
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5
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.
Fo
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ically
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latio
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m
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3
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.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
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2
2
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er
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o
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eliab
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en
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n
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er
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ar
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cr
o
p
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en
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ities
.
3
.
4
.
3
.
B
a
t
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er
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izing
f
o
r
f
ield o
pera
t
io
n
T
h
e
en
e
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y
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im
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ical
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ip
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last
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3
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h
o
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r
s
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e
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eq
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r
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b
atter
y
ca
p
ac
ity
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ca
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lated
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s
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g
(
4
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[
2
6
]
.
ℎ
(
ℎ
)
=
×
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×
×
(
)
(
4
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V
is
th
e
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atter
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a
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.
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atin
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atter
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atter
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s
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(
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e
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C
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h
e
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atter
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p
ac
ity
in
Ah
,
I
(
t)
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th
e
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r
r
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n
t d
r
aw
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er
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e
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d
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h
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ar
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tial
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m
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ito
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en
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o
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y
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o
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g
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id
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p
licatio
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s
.
Fig
u
r
e
5
s
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o
ws
th
e
ty
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ical
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ltag
e
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o
f
ile
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a
1
2
V
lith
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m
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io
n
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atter
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h
e
p
r
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f
ile
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s
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ates h
o
w
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e
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atter
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is
ch
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r
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lly
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h
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lly
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e
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leted
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tate.
3
.
4
.
4
.
So
la
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o
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ic
(
P
V)
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izing
T
h
e
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o
lar
PV
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y
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tem
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o
r
ch
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g
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atter
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wer
ed
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h
ick
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ea
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ip
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ized
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ased
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n
th
e
m
ac
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e'
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er
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n
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m
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ile,
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o
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ata
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d
s
y
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tem
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icien
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ar
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s
.
T
h
e
to
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en
er
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y
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n
s
u
m
p
tio
n
f
o
r
th
e
n
ip
p
in
g
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p
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atio
n
o
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er
a
6
to
7
h
o
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r
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ield
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io
n
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e
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ated
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e
in
th
e
r
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g
e
o
f
6
0
0
to
6
5
0
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h
.
Fo
r
c
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n
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u
r
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o
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e
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aily
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er
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L
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eter
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i
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=
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t
on
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e
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aily
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o
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s
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atter
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en
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m
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e
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s
y
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,
E
PV
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d
eter
m
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7
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.
=
(
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(
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η
bc
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atter
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n
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ller
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eter
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(
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.
(
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η
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(
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T
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all
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o
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tem
d
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to
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%.
T
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n
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f
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r
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ld
lo
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ts
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u
s
t,
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n
e
l
m
is
m
atch
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d
wir
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a
d
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g
f
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to
r
(
s
af
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in
)
o
f
2
5
%
is
ap
p
lied
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T
h
e
r
e
q
u
ir
e
d
s
p
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if
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p
o
wer
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u
tp
u
t f
r
o
m
th
e
PV p
an
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P
sp
is
d
eter
m
in
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s
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(
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)
.
=
×
(
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+
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ℎ
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(
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(
9
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S
f
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atin
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to
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s
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e
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I
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c
t
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g
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V
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r
y
l
o
w
(
e
c
o
-
f
r
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e
n
d
l
y
)
T
ab
le
7
.
Statis
tical
an
aly
s
is
o
f
th
e
s
o
lar
n
ip
p
i
n
g
m
ac
h
in
e
ac
r
o
s
s
d
if
f
er
en
t lo
ca
tio
n
s
P
a
r
a
me
t
e
r
V
i
j
a
y
a
p
u
r
a
(
M
e
a
n
±
S
D
)
B
a
g
a
l
k
o
t
e
(
M
e
a
n
±
S
D
)
K
a
l
a
b
u
r
a
g
i
(
M
e
a
n
±
S
D
)
O
v
e
r
a
l
l
mea
n
±
S
D
C
V
(
%)
S
o
i
l
t
y
p
e
B
l
a
c
k
c
o
t
t
o
n
so
i
l
R
e
d
l
o
a
my
so
i
l
M
i
x
e
d
d
r
y
l
a
n
d
s
o
i
l
--
---
C
r
o
p
s
t
a
g
e
(
D
A
S
)
3
5
±
1
3
6
±
1
3
4
±
1
3
5
±
1
2
.
8
5
S
o
l
a
r
i
r
r
a
d
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a
n
c
e
(
W
/
m²
)
8
2
0
±
1
5
7
9
0
±
2
0
8
5
0
±
1
8
8
2
0
±
2
5
3
.
0
5
O
p
e
r
a
t
i
n
g
t
i
me
(
h
/
a
c
r
e
)
1
.
0
0
±
0
.
0
5
1
.
1
0
±
0
.
0
6
1
.
0
5
±
0
.
0
4
1
.
0
5
±
0
.
0
5
4
.
7
6
A
r
e
a
c
o
v
e
r
e
d
(
a
c
r
e
s/
h
)
1
.
0
0
±
0
.
0
4
0
.
9
1
±
0
.
0
5
0
.
9
5
±
0
.
0
3
0
.
9
5
±
0
.
0
4
4
.
2
1
Le
a
v
e
s
c
o
l
l
e
c
t
e
d
(
k
g
/
a
c
r
e
)
4
5
±
2
4
2
±
2
4
4
±
1
.
5
4
3
.
7
±
2
.
0
4
.
5
7
5.
CASH
F
L
O
W
ANA
L
Y
SI
S
O
F
T
H
E
M
ACH
I
NE
C
ash
f
lo
w
an
aly
s
is
f
o
r
a
m
ac
h
in
e
is
a
f
in
an
cial
to
o
l
u
s
ed
to
ass
ess
i
ts
v
iab
ilit
y
,
p
r
o
f
itab
ilit
y
,
an
d
r
etu
r
n
o
n
in
v
estme
n
t
th
r
o
u
g
h
o
u
t
its
o
p
er
atio
n
al
life
.
T
h
is
an
aly
s
is
tr
ac
k
s
all
in
f
lo
ws,
s
u
ch
as
s
av
in
g
s
an
d
r
e
v
en
u
es,
an
d
o
u
tf
lo
ws,
in
clu
d
in
g
co
s
ts
an
d
ex
p
en
s
es,
o
n
an
an
n
u
al
b
a
s
is
.
B
y
d
o
in
g
s
o
,
it
allo
ws
f
o
r
a
cc
u
r
ate
ca
lcu
latio
n
s
o
f
n
et
ca
s
h
f
lo
w,
p
ay
b
ac
k
p
e
r
i
o
d
,
a
n
d
o
v
er
all
p
r
o
f
itab
ilit
y
.
T
h
is
an
aly
s
is
is
esp
ec
ially
im
p
o
r
tan
t
f
o
r
s
m
all
an
d
m
ed
iu
m
-
s
ca
le
f
ar
m
er
s
as
it
h
elp
s
th
em
d
eter
m
in
e
h
o
w
q
u
ick
l
y
th
ey
ca
n
r
ec
o
v
er
th
eir
in
v
estme
n
t
in
th
e
m
ac
h
in
e.
5
.
1
.
Net
ca
s
h f
lo
w
(
NCF
)
Net
ca
s
h
f
lo
w
is
th
e
d
if
f
er
en
c
e
b
etwe
en
to
tal
in
co
m
e
(
b
en
ef
its
)
g
en
er
ated
f
r
o
m
th
e
m
ac
h
in
e
an
d
th
e
to
tal
o
p
er
atio
n
al
an
d
m
ain
ten
a
n
ce
co
s
ts
(
in
clu
d
in
g
d
ep
r
ec
iatio
n
,
r
ep
air
,
an
d
in
ter
est)
i
n
a
y
ea
r
.
I
t
is
ca
lcu
lated
by
(
14
)
.
=
To
ta
l
R
e
ve
n
ue
or
Sa
vings
−
To
ta
l
E
xpe
n
s
e
s
(
1
4
)
5
.
2
.
P
re
s
ent
v
a
lue o
f
ca
s
h f
l
o
w
(
P
V)
T
h
e
p
r
esen
t
v
alu
e
o
f
f
u
t
u
r
e
n
et
ca
s
h
f
lo
ws
is
th
e
v
alu
e
to
d
ay
o
f
an
am
o
u
n
t
o
f
m
o
n
e
y
to
b
e
r
ec
eiv
ed
in
th
e
f
u
tu
r
e
,
d
is
co
u
n
te
d
u
s
in
g
a
g
iv
en
in
ter
est r
ate
(
r
)
ca
lcu
late
d
b
y
(
15
)
[
2
8
]
.
=
(
1
+
)
(
1
5
)
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