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[
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.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
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2088
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6
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A
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(
S
u
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b
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my
R
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mu
r
th
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p
lex
ity
,
c
o
n
v
e
r
ter
v
o
lu
m
e,
leak
ag
e
-
in
d
u
ctan
ce
ef
f
ec
ts
,
an
d
d
esig
n
c
o
s
t.
Qu
ad
r
atic
b
o
o
s
t
co
n
v
er
ter
s
o
f
f
er
an
attr
ac
tiv
e
s
o
lu
tio
n
b
ec
a
u
s
e
th
ey
p
r
o
v
id
e
a
h
ig
h
c
o
n
v
e
r
s
io
n
r
atio
with
o
u
t
r
eq
u
i
r
in
g
a
n
ex
tr
em
ely
lar
g
e
d
u
ty
cy
cle.
R
ed
u
ce
d
s
em
ico
n
d
u
ct
o
r
v
o
ltag
e
s
tr
e
s
s
,
lo
wer
in
d
u
cto
r
cu
r
r
en
ts
,
a
n
d
d
if
f
e
r
en
t
in
d
u
cto
r
-
co
n
d
u
ctio
n
m
o
d
es
wer
e
in
v
esti
g
ated
in
[
6
]
-
[
8
]
.
H
o
wev
er
,
q
u
a
d
r
atic
co
n
v
er
ter
s
e
x
h
ib
it
h
i
g
h
er
-
o
r
d
e
r
d
y
n
am
ic
b
e
h
av
io
r
,
wh
ich
m
ak
es
th
eir
r
eg
u
latio
n
m
o
r
e
c
h
allen
g
in
g
th
a
n
th
at
o
f
co
n
v
en
tio
n
al
b
o
o
s
t
co
n
v
e
r
ter
s
.
Fix
ed
-
f
r
e
q
u
en
cy
s
lid
in
g
-
m
o
d
e
,
im
p
r
o
v
e
d
v
o
ltag
e
-
m
o
d
e,
a
n
d
m
o
d
if
ie
d
cu
r
r
en
t
-
m
o
d
e
c
o
n
tr
o
l te
ch
n
iq
u
es we
r
e
d
ev
elo
p
ed
i
n
[
9
]
-
[
1
1
]
.
A
d
etailed
m
ath
em
atica
l m
o
d
el
o
f
a
lo
w
-
en
e
r
g
y
-
s
to
r
ag
e
q
u
ad
r
atic
co
n
v
er
te
r
was
p
r
esen
ted
in
[
1
2
]
to
a
n
aly
ze
its
in
ter
n
al
en
er
g
y
tr
a
n
s
f
er
an
d
p
ass
iv
e
-
co
m
p
o
n
en
t
b
e
h
av
io
r
.
R
ec
en
t
s
tu
d
ies
h
av
e
f
o
c
u
s
ed
o
n
im
p
r
o
v
in
g
v
o
ltag
e
g
ain
,
in
p
u
t
-
c
u
r
r
en
t
q
u
ality
,
an
d
c
o
m
p
o
n
en
t
u
tili
za
tio
n
.
Qu
ad
r
atic
ex
ten
d
ed
-
d
u
ty
-
r
atio
c
o
n
v
e
r
ter
s
,
r
ed
u
ce
d
-
r
ip
p
le
to
p
o
lo
g
ies,
a
n
d
co
n
v
er
ter
s
with
co
n
tin
u
o
u
s
in
p
u
t
a
n
d
o
u
tp
u
t
c
u
r
r
en
ts
wer
e
r
e
p
o
r
ted
in
[
1
3
]
-
[
1
5
]
.
Sin
g
le
-
s
witch
s
witch
ed
-
ca
p
ac
ito
r
,
in
teg
r
ated
co
u
p
led
-
i
n
d
u
cto
r
,
an
d
s
ilico
n
-
ca
r
b
id
e
-
b
ased
q
u
ad
r
atic
co
n
v
er
ter
s
wer
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
in
[
1
6
]
-
[
1
8
]
.
A
n
o
n
-
s
er
ies
en
er
g
y
-
tr
an
s
f
er
s
witch
in
g
s
tr
ateg
y
was
in
v
esti
g
ated
in
[
1
9
]
to
m
o
d
i
f
y
th
e
p
o
wer
-
tr
a
n
s
f
er
p
r
o
ce
s
s
o
f
a
co
n
v
en
tio
n
al
q
u
ad
r
atic
co
n
v
e
r
ter
.
Desp
ite
th
ese
d
ev
elo
p
m
en
ts
,
m
an
y
r
ep
o
r
ted
co
n
f
ig
u
r
atio
n
s
s
till
r
eq
u
ir
e
co
u
p
led
in
d
u
cto
r
s
,
ad
d
itio
n
al
s
witch
in
g
ce
lls
,
s
p
ec
ialized
s
em
ico
n
d
u
ct
o
r
d
ev
ices,
o
r
co
m
p
licated
o
p
er
atin
g
s
tr
ateg
ies.
Self
-
lift
cir
cu
its
p
r
o
v
id
e
a
n
o
th
er
m
eth
o
d
f
o
r
i
m
p
r
o
v
i
n
g
co
n
v
er
ter
g
ain
th
r
o
u
g
h
t
h
e
co
n
tr
o
lled
ch
ar
g
in
g
an
d
d
is
ch
ar
g
in
g
o
f
lift
ca
p
ac
ito
r
s
.
T
h
e
tim
e
-
d
o
m
ain
b
e
h
av
io
r
o
f
a
q
u
a
d
r
ati
c
b
o
o
s
t
co
n
v
er
ter
in
co
r
p
o
r
atin
g
a
s
elf
-
lift
cir
cu
it
was
ex
am
in
e
d
in
[
2
0
]
,
wh
er
e
as
th
e
p
r
esen
t
wo
r
k
e
x
ten
d
s
it
b
y
in
teg
r
atin
g
th
e
co
n
v
er
ter
with
a
th
r
e
e
-
lev
el
N
PC
in
v
er
ter
f
o
r
a
co
m
p
lete
m
a
r
in
e
in
d
u
ctio
n
-
m
o
t
o
r
p
r
o
p
u
ls
i
o
n
d
r
iv
e
.
A
d
o
u
b
le
-
s
elf
-
lift
ce
ll
was
s
u
b
s
eq
u
en
tly
in
teg
r
ated
in
to
a
m
o
d
if
ied
q
u
a
d
r
atic
co
n
v
er
ter
f
o
r
f
u
el
-
ce
ll
a
p
p
licatio
n
s
in
[
2
1
]
.
T
h
ese
s
tu
d
ies d
em
o
n
s
tr
ated
th
at
s
elf
-
lift
tech
n
iq
u
es c
an
im
p
r
o
v
e
v
o
ltag
e
g
ain
with
o
u
t f
o
r
ci
n
g
th
e
co
n
v
e
r
ter
to
o
p
er
ate
at
an
ex
ce
s
s
iv
ely
h
ig
h
d
u
ty
cy
cle.
Ho
wev
er
,
th
eir
a
p
p
licatio
n
as th
e
f
r
o
n
t
-
en
d
p
o
w
er
-
co
n
v
er
s
io
n
s
tag
e
o
f
a
co
m
p
lete
m
ar
in
e
p
r
o
p
u
ls
io
n
d
r
i
v
e
h
as r
ec
eiv
e
d
lim
ited
atten
tio
n
.
C
o
n
v
er
ter
r
eg
u
latio
n
u
n
d
e
r
v
ar
iatio
n
s
in
s
o
u
r
ce
v
o
ltag
e
an
d
p
r
o
p
u
ls
io
n
lo
ad
is
als
o
ess
en
tial.
Sli
d
in
g
-
m
o
d
e
co
n
tr
o
l,
o
p
tim
izatio
n
-
ass
is
ted
PID
co
n
tr
o
l,
an
d
p
r
ed
ictiv
e
co
n
tr
o
l
tech
n
iq
u
e
s
wer
e
in
v
esti
g
ated
f
o
r
r
en
ewa
b
le
-
en
er
g
y
an
d
m
u
ltil
ev
el
co
n
v
er
ter
s
y
s
tem
s
in
[
2
2
]
-
[
2
4
]
.
At
th
e
in
v
er
ter
s
tag
e,
m
u
ltil
ev
el
s
tr
u
ctu
r
es
p
r
o
v
id
e
lo
wer
h
ar
m
o
n
ic
d
is
to
r
tio
n
a
n
d
r
ed
u
ce
d
s
em
ico
n
d
u
cto
r
v
o
ltag
e
s
tr
ess
co
m
p
ar
ed
with
co
n
v
en
tio
n
al
two
-
lev
el
in
v
e
r
ter
s
.
R
ed
u
ce
d
-
s
witch
m
u
ltil
ev
el
in
v
er
ter
to
p
o
lo
g
ies
f
o
r
r
en
ewa
b
le
-
e
n
er
g
y
in
teg
r
atio
n
an
d
m
o
to
r
-
d
r
iv
e
ap
p
licatio
n
s
wer
e
r
ev
iewe
d
i
n
[
2
5
]
.
I
n
th
is
wo
r
k
,
a
s
elf
-
l
if
t
q
u
ad
r
atic
b
o
o
s
t
co
n
v
er
ter
is
in
teg
r
ated
with
a
th
r
ee
-
p
h
ase,
th
r
ee
-
le
v
el
n
e
u
tr
a
l
-
p
o
in
t
-
clam
p
e
d
i
n
v
er
ter
f
o
r
a
m
ar
in
e
in
d
u
ctio
n
-
m
o
to
r
p
r
o
p
u
ls
io
n
s
y
s
tem
.
T
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
SLQBC
co
m
b
in
e
s
q
u
ad
r
atic
v
o
ltag
e
am
p
lific
atio
n
with
a
s
elf
-
lift
n
etwo
r
k
to
g
e
n
er
ate
th
e
r
e
q
u
ir
ed
DC
-
lin
k
v
o
ltag
e
with
o
u
t
a
n
ex
ce
s
s
iv
e
d
u
ty
c
y
c
le.
T
h
e
s
ch
em
atic
r
ep
r
esen
tatio
n
o
f
a
m
ar
i
n
e
p
r
o
p
u
ls
io
n
s
y
s
tem
u
s
in
g
SL
-
QB
C
an
d
NPC
in
v
er
ter
is
s
h
o
wn
in
Fig
u
r
e
1
.
Fi
g
u
r
e
1
.
Ma
r
i
n
e
p
r
o
p
u
ls
io
n
s
y
s
tem
u
s
in
g
SL
-
QB
C
an
d
NPC
i
n
v
er
ter
2.
P
RO
P
O
SE
D
S
E
L
F
-
L
I
F
T
Q
UADR
A
T
I
C
B
O
O
ST
CO
NV
E
RT
E
R
T
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
s
elf
-
lift
q
u
a
d
r
atic
b
o
o
s
t
co
n
v
er
te
r
(
SL
-
Q
B
C
)
is
a
h
ig
h
-
g
ain
DC
-
DC
co
n
v
er
ter
to
p
o
lo
g
y
d
esig
n
ed
to
in
ter
f
ac
e
lo
w
-
v
o
ltag
e
s
o
u
r
ce
s
with
h
ig
h
-
v
o
ltag
e
m
ar
in
e
p
r
o
p
u
ls
io
n
s
y
s
tem
s
.
Fig
u
r
e
2
d
ep
icts
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
s
elf
-
lift
q
u
ad
r
atic
b
o
o
s
t
c
o
n
v
e
r
ter
wit
h
NPC
.
T
h
is
co
n
v
er
ter
co
m
b
i
n
es
th
e
b
e
n
ef
its
o
f
a
co
n
v
en
tio
n
al
q
u
ad
r
atic
b
o
o
s
t
co
n
v
er
ter
with
a
s
elf
-
lift
cir
cu
it
to
s
ig
n
if
ican
tly
in
cr
ea
s
e
th
e
v
o
ltag
e
co
n
v
er
s
io
n
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
0
8
8
-
8
6
9
4
I
n
t J Po
w
E
lec
&
Dr
i Sy
s
t
,
Vo
l.
1
7
,
No
.
3
,
Sep
tem
b
er
20
2
6
:
1852
-
1
8
5
8
1854
r
atio
wh
ile
m
ain
tain
in
g
h
ig
h
ef
f
icien
cy
an
d
r
ed
u
ce
d
co
m
p
o
n
en
t
s
tr
ess
.
T
h
e
cir
cu
it
co
n
s
is
ts
o
f
a
p
r
im
ar
y
in
d
u
cto
r
L
₁
,
au
x
iliar
y
in
d
u
cto
r
s
L
₂
an
d
L
₃,
an
d
s
ev
er
al
p
ass
iv
e
an
d
ac
tiv
e
c
o
m
p
o
n
en
ts
in
cl
u
d
in
g
d
io
d
es
D₀
to
D₇,
ca
p
ac
ito
r
s
C
₀
t
o
C
₄,
a
n
d
a
p
o
wer
s
witch
S.
T
h
e
in
p
u
t
s
o
u
r
ce
V
in
,
ty
p
ically
a
b
atter
y
o
r
a
f
u
el
ce
ll
s
tack
,
is
co
n
n
ec
ted
t
o
L
₁,
wh
ich
p
lay
s
a
cr
u
cial
r
o
le
in
th
e
en
e
r
g
y
s
to
r
ag
e
p
r
o
ce
s
s
.
T
h
e
co
n
v
er
ter
'
s
s
tr
u
ctu
r
e
ca
n
b
e
b
r
o
k
en
d
o
wn
in
to
th
r
ee
f
u
n
ctio
n
al
p
ar
ts
: th
e
p
r
im
a
r
y
b
o
o
s
t stag
e,
th
e
q
u
ad
r
atic
e
x
ten
s
io
n
,
an
d
th
e
s
elf
-
lift
u
n
it.
T
h
e
p
r
im
ar
y
b
o
o
s
t
s
tag
e
in
clu
d
es
L
₁,
d
io
d
e
D₁
,
an
d
ca
p
ac
ito
r
C
₄,
wh
ich
in
itially
s
tep
u
p
th
e
in
p
u
t
v
o
ltag
e.
T
h
e
q
u
a
d
r
atic
s
tag
e,
f
o
r
m
e
d
th
r
o
u
g
h
d
io
d
e
D
₆
an
d
ca
p
ac
ito
r
C
₁,
f
u
r
th
er
in
c
r
ea
s
es
th
e
v
o
ltag
e
b
y
u
s
in
g
a
v
o
ltag
e
s
tack
in
g
p
r
in
cip
le.
T
h
e
m
o
s
t
cr
itical
s
e
ctio
n
is
th
e
s
elf
-
lift
cir
cu
it,
co
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