I
nte
rna
t
io
na
l J
o
urna
l o
f
P
o
wer
E
lect
ro
nics
a
nd
Driv
e
S
y
s
t
em
(
I
J
P
E
DS)
Vo
l.
1
7
,
No
.
3
,
Sep
tem
b
er
20
2
6
,
p
p
.
2
0
4
7
~
2
0
5
7
I
SS
N:
2
0
8
8
-
8
6
9
4
,
DOI
: 1
0
.
1
1
5
9
1
/ijp
ed
s
.
v
1
7
.
i
3
.
p
p
2
0
4
7
-
2
0
5
7
2047
J
o
ur
na
l ho
m
ep
a
g
e
:
h
ttp
:
//ij
p
e
d
s
.
ia
esco
r
e.
co
m
Intellig
ent
MPC
f
o
r DF
I
G
win
d t
u
r
bines
Am
ira
L
a
k
hd
a
ra
1
,
T
a
ha
r
B
a
hi
2
,
Am
ina
Aziz
i
1
,
Am
ina
B
ena
bd
a
1
1
D
e
p
a
r
t
me
n
t
o
f
El
e
c
t
r
o
t
e
c
h
n
i
c
s
,
B
a
d
j
i
M
o
k
h
t
a
r
-
A
n
n
a
b
a
U
n
i
v
e
r
si
t
y
,
A
n
n
a
b
a
,
A
l
g
e
r
i
a
2
LA
S
A
La
b
o
r
a
t
o
r
y
,
D
e
p
a
r
t
me
n
t
o
f
El
e
c
t
r
o
t
e
c
h
n
i
c
s
,
B
a
d
j
i
M
o
k
h
t
a
r
-
A
n
n
a
b
a
U
n
i
v
e
r
si
t
y
,
A
n
n
a
b
a
,
A
l
g
e
r
i
a
Art
icle
I
nfo
AB
S
T
RAC
T
A
r
ticle
his
to
r
y:
R
ec
eiv
ed
Dec
1
6
,
2
0
2
5
R
ev
is
ed
Ma
y
1
1
,
2
0
2
6
Acc
ep
ted
J
u
l 8
,
2
0
2
6
Th
is
p
a
p
e
r
p
re
se
n
ts
a
n
d
e
v
a
l
u
a
t
e
s
a
d
v
a
n
c
e
d
c
o
n
tr
o
l
stra
teg
ies
t
o
e
n
h
a
n
c
e
p
o
we
r
trac
k
i
n
g
a
n
d
r
o
b
u
stn
e
ss
i
n
d
o
u
b
l
y
fe
d
i
n
d
u
c
ti
o
n
g
e
n
e
ra
to
r
sy
ste
m
s
o
p
e
ra
ti
n
g
u
n
d
e
r
re
a
li
stic
a
n
d
p
e
rtu
rb
e
d
wi
n
d
c
o
n
d
it
i
o
n
s.
I
n
a
d
d
i
ti
o
n
t
o
th
e
c
o
n
v
e
n
ti
o
n
a
l
field
-
o
rien
ted
c
o
n
tr
o
l,
we
d
e
v
e
l
o
p
a
m
o
d
e
l
p
re
d
icti
v
e
c
o
n
tr
o
l
a
p
p
ro
a
c
h
t
h
a
t
d
e
term
in
e
s
th
e
o
p
ti
m
a
l
ro
to
r
v
o
l
tag
e
v
e
c
to
rs
b
y
m
in
imiz
in
g
a
q
u
a
d
ra
ti
c
c
o
st
f
u
n
c
ti
o
n
,
a
s
we
ll
a
s
a
fu
z
z
y
-
we
ig
h
ted
m
o
d
e
l
p
re
d
icti
v
e
c
o
n
tro
l
in
wh
ic
h
th
e
c
o
st we
ig
h
t
is ad
j
u
st
e
d
o
n
li
n
e
b
a
se
d
o
n
th
e
trac
k
i
n
g
e
r
ro
r
a
n
d
it
s
d
e
riv
a
ti
v
e
.
Th
e
d
y
n
a
m
ic
m
o
d
e
ls
u
se
d
a
c
c
u
ra
tely
re
p
re
se
n
t
th
e
k
e
y
b
e
h
a
v
i
o
rs
o
f
t
h
e
d
o
u
b
ly
fe
d
i
n
d
u
c
ti
o
n
g
e
n
e
ra
to
r
a
n
d
it
s
r
o
to
r
-
si
d
e
a
n
d
g
ri
d
-
sid
e
c
o
n
v
e
rters
.
M
AT
LAB/S
imu
li
n
k
sim
u
latio
n
s
a
re
c
a
rried
o
u
t
u
sin
g
two
win
d
sc
e
n
a
rio
s
:
a
sm
o
o
th
si
n
u
so
id
a
l
p
r
o
fil
e
a
n
d
a
fil
tere
d
sto
c
h
a
stic
p
r
o
fil
e
,
wh
il
e
a
ro
b
u
st
n
e
ss
tes
t
in
tr
o
d
u
c
e
s
v
a
riatio
n
s
i
n
r
o
to
r
p
a
ra
m
e
ters
d
u
rin
g
o
p
e
ra
ti
o
n
.
Th
e
re
su
lt
s
d
e
m
o
n
stra
te
th
a
t
th
e
fu
z
z
y
-
we
ig
h
ted
m
o
d
e
l
p
re
d
ictiv
e
c
o
n
tr
o
l
a
c
h
iev
e
s
fa
ste
r
c
o
n
v
e
r
g
e
n
c
e
,
l
o
we
r
ste
a
d
y
-
sta
te
e
rro
r
,
a
n
d
imp
ro
v
e
d
ro
b
u
stn
e
ss
,
a
ll
wh
i
le
m
a
in
tai
n
in
g
re
a
so
n
a
b
le
c
o
n
v
e
rter
e
ff
o
rt
a
n
d
a
c
c
e
p
tab
le
p
o
we
r
q
u
a
li
ty
.
K
ey
w
o
r
d
s
:
DFI
G
Field
-
o
r
ien
ted
co
n
tr
o
l
Fu
zz
y
-
weig
h
ted
MPC
Mo
d
el
p
r
ed
ictiv
e
co
n
tr
o
l
W
in
d
tu
r
b
in
e
T
h
is i
s
a
n
o
p
e
n
a
c
c
e
ss
a
rticle
u
n
d
e
r th
e
CC B
Y
-
SA
li
c
e
n
se
.
C
o
r
r
e
s
p
o
nd
ing
A
uth
o
r
:
Am
ir
a
L
ak
h
d
a
r
a
Dep
ar
tm
en
t o
f
E
lectr
o
tech
n
ic
s
,
B
ad
ji
Mo
k
h
tar
-
An
n
ab
a
Un
iv
er
s
ity
P.O.
B
o
x
1
2
,
An
n
ab
a
2
3
0
0
0
,
A
lg
er
ia
E
m
ail:
am
ir
a.
lak
h
d
a
r
a@
u
n
iv
-
an
n
ab
a.
d
z
1.
I
NT
RO
D
UCT
I
O
N
T
h
e
g
lo
b
al
en
er
g
y
tr
a
n
s
itio
n
r
elies
h
ea
v
ily
o
n
r
en
ewa
b
le
r
es
o
u
r
ce
s
,
with
win
d
en
er
g
y
p
la
y
in
g
a
k
e
y
r
o
le.
T
o
m
ee
t
g
r
id
r
eq
u
ir
em
e
n
ts
s
u
ch
as
p
o
wer
q
u
ality
,
f
r
e
q
u
en
cy
s
tab
ilit
y
,
an
d
g
r
id
-
co
d
e
co
m
p
lian
ce
,
win
d
tu
r
b
in
es
m
u
s
t
o
p
er
ate
r
eliab
ly
u
n
d
er
v
ar
ia
b
le
win
d
co
n
d
itio
n
s
[
1
]
.
Do
u
b
ly
f
e
d
in
d
u
ctio
n
g
en
er
ato
r
s
(
DFI
Gs)
r
em
ain
wid
ely
u
s
ed
in
o
n
s
h
o
r
e
win
d
f
ar
m
s
,
ac
co
u
n
tin
g
f
o
r
o
v
er
5
8
%
o
f
in
s
tallatio
n
s
.
T
h
e
ir
ad
v
a
n
tag
e
lies
in
p
ar
tially
r
ated
co
n
v
er
ter
s
an
d
t
h
eir
ab
ilit
y
to
o
p
er
ate
with
in
±
3
0
%
o
f
s
y
n
ch
r
o
n
o
u
s
s
p
ee
d
,
en
ab
lin
g
in
d
ep
e
n
d
en
t
co
n
tr
o
l o
f
ac
tiv
e
an
d
r
ea
ctiv
e
p
o
wer
v
ia
r
o
to
r
c
u
r
r
e
n
ts
[
2
]
.
Sin
ce
2
0
2
2
,
r
esear
c
h
h
as
f
o
cu
s
ed
o
n
im
p
r
o
v
in
g
th
e
d
y
n
am
i
c
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
an
d
r
o
b
u
s
tn
ess
o
f
DFI
G
s
y
s
tem
s
u
n
d
er
win
d
-
s
p
ee
d
d
i
s
tu
r
b
an
ce
s
.
I
n
2
0
2
4
,
a
ca
s
ca
d
ed
f
u
zz
y
p
o
wer
co
n
tr
o
l
(
C
FP
C
)
s
tr
ateg
y
was
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
f
o
r
m
u
lti
-
r
o
to
r
win
d
tu
r
b
in
es
[
3
]
,
u
s
in
g
f
u
zz
y
in
f
er
e
n
ce
o
n
t
h
e
r
o
t
o
r
-
s
id
e
co
n
v
er
ter
to
en
h
a
n
ce
cu
r
r
en
t
q
u
ality
an
d
r
ed
u
ce
T
HD
with
o
u
t r
eq
u
ir
in
g
an
ac
c
u
r
ate
m
o
d
el
[
4
]
,
[
5
]
,
with
r
ep
o
r
ted
r
ed
u
ctio
n
s
u
p
to
4
7
% a
n
d
s
ig
n
if
ican
t
m
itig
atio
n
o
f
ac
ti
v
e/r
ea
ctiv
e
p
o
wer
r
ip
p
les
co
m
p
ar
ed
to
PI
-
b
ased
co
n
t
r
o
l
[
5
]
-
[
8
]
.
I
n
2
0
2
5
,
a
f
r
ac
tio
n
al
f
u
zz
y
d
ir
ec
t
v
o
ltag
e
co
n
tr
o
l
was
in
tr
o
d
u
ce
d
f
o
r
s
tan
d
alo
n
e
DFI
Gs
[
9
]
,
im
p
r
o
v
i
n
g
ad
ap
tab
ilit
y
an
d
s
tab
ilit
y
u
n
d
er
v
ar
iab
le
win
d
an
d
lo
ad
co
n
d
itio
n
s
[
1
0
]
,
wh
ile
an
o
th
er
s
tu
d
y
s
h
o
wed
th
at
f
u
zz
y
c
o
n
tr
o
l
o
u
tp
er
f
o
r
m
s
o
p
tim
ized
PI
in
g
r
id
-
co
n
n
ec
t
ed
DFI
Gs
with
f
as
ter
r
esp
o
n
s
e,
lo
wer
o
v
er
s
h
o
o
t,
an
d
r
ed
u
ce
d
T
HD
[
1
1
]
.
Ov
e
r
all,
th
ese
wo
r
k
s
h
ig
h
lig
h
t
th
e
p
o
ten
tial
o
f
in
tellig
en
t
co
n
tr
o
l
tech
n
iq
u
es
to
en
h
a
n
ce
r
o
b
u
s
tn
ess
an
d
p
o
wer
q
u
ality
,
alth
o
u
g
h
th
e
y
o
f
ten
r
ely
o
n
co
m
p
lex
tu
n
in
g
o
r
f
ix
ed
-
weig
h
t
s
tr
ateg
ies
th
at
li
m
it
ad
ap
tab
ilit
y
.
T
o
ad
d
r
ess
th
ese
lim
itatio
n
s
,
th
i
s
wo
r
k
in
tr
o
d
u
ce
s
a
p
r
ed
ictiv
e
co
n
tr
o
l
s
tr
ateg
y
with
ad
ap
tiv
e
f
u
zz
y
weig
h
tin
g
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
0
8
8
-
8
6
9
4
I
n
t J Po
w
E
lec
&
Dr
i Sy
s
t
,
Vo
l.
1
7
,
No
.
3
,
Sep
tem
b
er
20
2
6
:
2047
-
2
0
5
7
2048
ap
p
lied
to
th
e
r
o
to
r
-
s
id
e
co
n
v
er
ter
.
I
n
s
p
ir
ed
b
y
f
u
zz
y
r
e
g
u
l
atio
n
p
r
i
n
cip
les,
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
m
eth
o
d
ad
j
u
s
ts
th
e
co
s
t
-
f
u
n
ctio
n
weig
h
t
in
r
ea
l
tim
e
b
ased
o
n
th
e
tr
ac
k
in
g
e
r
r
o
r
an
d
its
d
e
r
iv
ativ
e,
b
e
h
av
in
g
m
o
r
e
ag
g
r
ess
iv
ely
d
u
r
in
g
lar
g
e
d
ev
iatio
n
s
an
d
m
o
r
e
s
o
f
t
ly
n
ea
r
s
tead
y
s
tate.
T
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
co
n
tr
o
ller
is
b
en
ch
m
ar
k
e
d
ag
ain
s
t
co
n
v
en
tio
n
al
f
ield
-
o
r
ie
n
ted
co
n
tr
o
l
(
FOC
)
with
PI
r
eg
u
lato
r
s
[
1
2
]
,
[
1
3
]
an
d
class
ical
M
P
C
.
T
h
e
ev
alu
atio
n
co
n
s
id
er
s
m
u
ltip
le
win
d
p
r
o
f
il
es
,
s
m
o
o
th
s
in
u
s
o
id
al
an
d
f
ilter
ed
s
to
ch
asti
c
,
an
d
in
clu
d
es
a
r
o
b
u
s
tn
ess
test
u
n
d
er
r
o
to
r
-
p
ar
am
eter
v
ar
iatio
n
s
.
T
h
e
p
ap
er
is
o
r
g
a
n
ized
as
f
o
ll
o
ws:
i)
Sectio
n
2
p
r
esen
ts
th
e
DFI
G
an
d
co
n
v
er
ter
m
o
d
els
an
d
r
ev
iews
PI
-
b
ased
FOC
;
ii)
Sectio
n
3
in
tr
o
d
u
ce
s
th
e
c
o
n
tr
o
l
s
tr
at
eg
ies
(
FOC
/
PI,
class
ical
M
P
C
,
an
d
FW
-
MPC
)
;
iii)
Sectio
n
4
d
is
cu
s
s
es
s
im
u
lat
io
n
r
esu
lts
u
n
d
er
r
an
d
o
m
win
d
an
d
p
ar
a
m
eter
v
ar
iatio
n
s
u
s
in
g
R
MSE
,
o
v
er
s
h
o
o
t,
an
d
T
HD
; a
n
d
i
v
)
Sectio
n
5
co
n
clu
d
es th
e
p
a
p
er
an
d
o
u
tlin
es f
u
tu
r
e
wo
r
k
.
2.
M
O
DE
L
I
NG
O
F
CO
NV
E
R
SI
O
N
CH
AIN
Fig
u
r
e
1
s
h
o
ws
th
e
b
lo
ck
d
ia
g
r
am
o
f
th
e
win
d
en
er
g
y
c
o
n
v
er
s
io
n
ch
ai
n
co
n
s
id
er
ed
in
th
is
s
tu
d
y
.
I
t
d
ep
icts
th
e
co
n
v
en
tio
n
al
DFI
G
-
b
ased
win
d
-
tu
r
b
in
e
ar
ch
ite
ctu
r
e
an
d
h
ig
h
lig
h
ts
th
e
c
o
n
tr
o
l
lay
er
s
ev
alu
ate
d
(
FOC
,
MP
C
,
an
d
FW
-
MPC
)
.
T
h
e
m
ain
elem
e
n
ts
ar
e:
˗
Me
ch
an
ical
s
tag
e:
T
h
e
W
T
s
u
p
p
lies
m
ec
h
an
ical
p
o
wer
to
th
e
DFI
G
v
ia
a
g
ea
r
b
o
x
,
wh
ile
an
an
em
o
m
eter
f
ee
d
s
th
e
MPPT
alg
o
r
ith
m
to
g
en
er
ate
th
e
p
o
wer
r
e
f
er
en
ce
.
˗
DFI
G
g
en
er
ato
r
:
T
h
e
DFI
G
s
tato
r
is
d
ir
ec
tly
co
n
n
ec
ted
to
th
e
g
r
i
d
,
w
h
ile
th
e
r
o
to
r
is
s
u
p
p
lied
th
r
o
u
g
h
a
b
ac
k
-
to
-
b
ac
k
c
o
n
v
er
te
r
,
en
a
b
lin
g
s
p
ee
d
c
o
n
tr
o
l a
n
d
ef
f
icien
t
en
er
g
y
ca
p
tu
r
e
with
r
ed
u
ce
d
l
o
s
s
es [
1
4
]
.
˗
R
o
to
r
s
id
e
co
n
v
er
ter
(
R
SC
)
:
T
h
is
v
o
ltag
e
s
o
u
r
ce
in
v
er
ter
co
n
tr
o
ls
th
e
r
o
to
r
cu
r
r
en
ts
,
r
e
g
u
latin
g
to
r
q
u
e,
s
p
ee
d
,
an
d
r
ea
ctiv
e
p
o
wer
in
a
d
/q
f
r
am
e.
FOC
,
MPC
,
an
d
FW
-
MP
C
s
tr
ateg
ie
s
ar
e
im
p
lem
en
ted
o
n
th
is
co
n
v
er
ter
[
1
5
]
.
˗
Gr
id
s
id
e
co
n
v
e
r
ter
(
GSC
)
:
T
h
e
GSC
s
h
ar
es
th
e
DC
lin
k
with
th
e
R
SC
,
tr
an
s
f
er
s
r
o
to
r
p
o
wer
to
th
e
g
r
id
,
r
eg
u
lates
th
e
DC
-
b
u
s
v
o
ltag
e
an
d
r
ea
ctiv
e
p
o
wer
,
an
d
u
s
es
an
R
–
L
f
ilter
to
r
ed
u
ce
h
ar
m
o
n
ics
b
ef
o
r
e
th
e
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
er
[
1
6
]
.
˗
Gr
id
in
ter
f
ac
e:
Stato
r
an
d
r
o
t
o
r
p
o
wer
s
ar
e
co
m
b
i
n
ed
an
d
in
jecte
d
in
to
th
e
g
r
id
th
r
o
u
g
h
a
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
er
,
en
s
u
r
in
g
n
ea
r
-
u
n
ity
p
o
wer
f
ac
to
r
an
d
g
o
o
d
p
o
wer
q
u
ality
.
Ov
er
all,
th
e
s
y
s
tem
co
n
v
er
ts
win
d
en
er
g
y
in
to
elec
tr
icity
,
with
th
e
R
SC
co
n
tr
o
llin
g
s
p
ee
d
/to
r
q
u
e,
th
e
GSC
r
eg
u
l
atin
g
t
h
e
DC
lin
k
,
an
d
M
PP
T
s
ettin
g
th
e
p
o
wer
r
ef
e
r
en
ce
,
e
n
ab
lin
g
co
m
p
ar
is
o
n
o
f
co
n
t
r
o
l stra
teg
ies.
Fig
u
r
e
1
.
C
o
n
v
er
s
io
n
ch
ai
n
2
.
1
.
Wind
t
urbin
e
m
o
delin
g
W
in
d
tu
r
b
in
es
co
n
v
e
r
t
win
d
en
er
g
y
in
t
o
m
ec
h
a
n
ical
p
o
we
r
.
T
h
e
m
ec
h
a
n
ical
p
o
wer
a
n
d
th
e
s
tato
r
elec
tr
ic
p
o
wer
o
u
tp
u
t a
r
e
co
m
p
u
ted
as
(
1
)
an
d
(
2
)
,
r
esp
ec
tiv
ely
[
1
7
]
.
=
.
(
1
)
=
.
(
2
)
Fo
r
a
lo
s
s
less
g
en
er
ato
r
,
th
e
m
ec
h
an
ical
eq
u
atio
n
is
g
iv
en
b
y
(
3
).
=
−
(
3
)
I
n
s
tead
y
-
s
tate
at
f
ix
ed
s
p
ee
d
f
o
r
a
lo
s
s
less
g
en
er
ato
r
:
=
(
4
)
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
t J Po
w
E
lec
&
Dr
i Sy
s
t
I
SS
N:
2088
-
8
6
9
4
I
n
tellig
en
t MP
C
fo
r
DF
I
G
w
in
d
tu
r
b
in
es
(
A
mir
a
La
kh
d
a
r
a
)
2049
an
d
,
=
+
(
5
)
an
d
th
er
e
f
o
r
e
:
=
−
=
.
−
.
=
−
(
6
)
wh
er
e
s
is
th
e
g
en
er
ato
r
s
lip
,
d
ef
in
ed
b
y
(
7
)
.
=
−
(
7
)
T
h
e
r
em
ain
in
g
s
y
m
b
o
ls
ar
e
d
ef
in
ed
as
f
o
llo
ws:
T
m
:
m
ec
h
an
ical
to
r
q
u
e
(
N·
m
)
,
ω
r
:
r
o
t
o
r
an
g
u
lar
s
p
ee
d
(
r
ad
/s
)
,
ω
s
:
s
y
n
ch
r
o
n
o
u
s
an
g
u
lar
s
p
ee
d
(
r
ad
/s
)
,
P
m
:
m
ec
h
an
ical
p
o
wer
(
W
)
,
P
s
:
s
tato
r
elec
tr
ical
p
o
wer
(
W
)
,
a
n
d
T
e
:
e
lectr
o
m
ag
n
etic
to
r
q
u
e
(
N·
m
)
.
T
h
e
th
eo
r
etica
l
v
al
u
e
is
well
-
k
n
o
wn
as
th
e
‘
B
etz
lim
it’
wh
ich
d
eter
m
in
es
th
e
m
a
x
im
u
m
p
o
wer
co
ef
f
icien
t th
at
ca
n
b
e
ex
t
r
ac
ted
f
r
o
m
a
g
iv
e
n
win
d
s
p
ee
d
an
d
is
d
ef
in
ed
b
y
(
8
)
[
1
8
]
.
(
,
)
=
0
.
5176
(
(
116
−
0
.
4
−
5
)
−
21
+
0
.
0068
)
(
8
)
W
ith
(
9
)
:
=
.
(
9
)
a
nd
(
1
0
)
.
1
=
1
+
0
.
08
−
0
.
035
3
+
1
(
1
0
)
T
h
e
m
ec
h
an
ical
p
o
wer
will b
e
wr
itten
as
(
1
1
)
a
n
d
(
1
2
)
.
=
.
=
1
2
2
3
(
)
(
1
1
)
=
1
2
3
(
,
)
(
1
2
)
w
h
er
e
ρ
:
air
d
en
s
ity
(
k
g
/m
3
)
,
A
:
b
lad
es
s
wep
t
ar
ea
,
V
w
:
win
d
s
p
ee
d
(
m
/s
ec
)
,
a
n
d
C
P
(
λ
,
β
)
:
p
o
wer
co
ef
f
icien
t,
wh
ich
is
d
ef
i
n
ed
as
th
e
r
atio
o
f
tu
r
b
in
e
p
o
wer
to
win
d
p
o
w
er
an
d
is
a
f
u
n
ctio
n
o
f
t
h
e
p
it
ch
an
g
le
(
β)
an
d
tip
s
p
ee
d
r
atio
(λ
)
.
T
a
k
in
g
i
n
to
ac
co
u
n
t th
e
g
ea
r
b
o
x
r
atio
K,
th
e
n
P
m
of
th
e
elec
tr
ic
g
en
er
at
o
r
e
q
u
als:
=
1
2
(
)
2
3
(
1
3
)
2
.
2
.
Do
ub
ly
f
ed
ind
uct
io
n ma
chine m
o
delin
g
T
h
e
DFI
G
is
eq
u
ip
p
ed
with
a
th
r
ee
-
p
h
ase
s
tato
r
s
im
ilar
to
th
at
o
f
a
co
n
v
e
n
tio
n
al
in
d
u
ctio
n
m
ac
h
in
e.
I
ts
r
o
to
r
also
ca
r
r
ies
a
th
r
ee
-
p
h
ase
win
d
in
g
,
ac
ce
s
s
ib
le
th
r
o
u
g
h
th
r
ee
s
lip
r
in
g
s
an
d
b
r
u
s
h
es
[
1
9
]
,
[
2
0
]
.
As
s
h
o
wn
in
Fig
u
r
e
1
,
th
e
s
tato
r
is
co
n
n
ec
ted
d
ir
ec
tly
to
th
e
g
r
i
d
,
wh
er
ea
s
th
e
r
o
to
r
is
in
ter
f
ac
ed
t
o
th
e
s
am
e
g
r
id
v
ia
p
o
wer
-
elec
tr
o
n
ic
co
n
v
er
ter
s
.
T
h
e
eq
u
iv
ale
n
t c
ir
cu
it o
f
th
e
DFI
G
is
illu
s
tr
ated
in
Fig
u
r
e
2
.
T
h
e
m
ath
em
atica
l
m
o
d
elin
g
:
t
h
e
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
atio
n
m
atr
ix
P
(
θ)
is
in
tr
o
d
u
ce
d
to
p
er
f
o
r
m
th
e
d
-
q
r
ef
er
en
ce
f
r
am
e
co
n
v
er
s
io
n
[
2
1
]
:
(
)
=
2
3
[
(
)
(
−
2
3
)
(
+
2
3
)
−
(
)
−
(
−
2
3
)
−
(
+
2
3
)
]
(
1
4
)
˗
Vo
ltag
e
eq
u
atio
n
{
,
=
,
+
,
+
(
,
)
,
=
,
+
,
−
(
,
)
(
1
5
)
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
0
8
8
-
8
6
9
4
I
n
t J Po
w
E
lec
&
Dr
i Sy
s
t
,
Vo
l.
1
7
,
No
.
3
,
Sep
tem
b
er
20
2
6
:
2047
-
2
0
5
7
2050
{
,
=
,
+
,
+
(
−
)
,
,
=
,
+
,
−
(
−
)
,
(
1
6
)
˗
Po
wer
eq
u
atio
n
s
{
=
3
2
(
,
,
+
,
,
)
=
3
2
(
,
,
−
,
,
)
(
1
7
)
˗
T
o
r
q
u
e
eq
u
atio
n
=
−
3
4
(
,
,
−
,
,
)
(
1
8
)
˗
Flu
x
eq
u
atio
n
s
{
,
=
(
+
)
,
+
,
,
=
(
+
)
,
+
,
(
1
9
)
{
,
=
(
+
)
,
+
,
,
=
(
+
)
,
+
,
(
2
0
)
W
ith
R
s
: stato
r
win
d
in
g
r
esis
tan
ce
(
Ω
)
,
R
r
:
r
o
t
o
r
win
d
i
n
g
r
esi
s
tan
ce
(
Ω
)
,
L
l
s
:
s
tato
r
leak
ag
e
in
d
u
ctan
ce
(
H)
,
L
l
r
:
r
o
to
r
leak
a
g
e
in
d
u
ctan
ce
(
H)
,
L
m
:
m
ag
n
etizin
g
in
d
u
ctan
ce
(
H)
,
ω
e
:
g
r
id
elec
tr
ical
an
g
u
lar
f
r
eq
u
en
c
y
(
r
a
d
/s
)
,
ω
r
:
r
o
to
r
elec
tr
ical
an
g
u
lar
f
r
e
q
u
e
n
cy
(
r
ad
/s
)
,
V
s,
d
,
V
s,
q
:
s
tato
r
v
o
ltag
es
in
th
e
d
ir
ec
t
(
d
)
an
d
q
u
a
d
r
atu
r
e
(
q
)
ax
es
(
V)
,
V
r,
d
, V
r,
q
: r
o
to
r
v
o
ltag
es in
th
e
d
ir
ec
t (
d
)
an
d
q
u
ad
r
atu
r
e
(
q
)
a
x
es (
V)
,
i
r,
d
, i
r,
q
:
r
o
to
r
cu
r
r
en
ts
in
th
e
d
/
q
ax
es
(
A)
,
i
s,
d
,
i
s,
q
:
s
tato
r
c
u
r
r
en
ts
in
th
e
d
/q
ax
es
(
A)
,
φ
s,
d
,
φ
s,
q
:
s
tato
r
f
lu
x
lin
k
a
g
es
in
th
e
d
/q
a
x
es
(
W
b
)
,
φ
r,
d
,
φ
r,
q
:
r
o
to
r
f
lu
x
lin
k
a
g
es in
th
e
d
/
q
ax
es
(
W
b
)
,
an
d
p
:
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
p
o
le
p
air
s
.
In
th
is
co
n
f
ig
u
r
atio
n
,
th
e
r
o
to
r
-
s
id
e
co
n
v
er
ter
(
R
SC
)
an
d
g
r
id
-
s
id
e
co
n
v
er
ter
(
GSC
)
ar
e
v
o
lt
ag
e
s
o
u
r
ce
co
n
v
er
ter
s
b
ased
o
n
I
GB
T
s
.
T
h
e
r
o
to
r
is
co
n
n
ec
ted
th
r
o
u
g
h
s
lip
r
in
g
s
to
t
h
e
c
o
n
v
er
te
r
,
wh
ile
th
e
s
tato
r
is
d
ir
ec
tly
co
n
n
ec
ted
to
t
h
e
g
r
i
d
.
T
h
e
DFI
G
co
n
v
e
r
t
s
win
d
en
er
g
y
in
to
elec
tr
ical
p
o
wer
s
u
p
p
lied
v
ia
b
o
th
th
e
s
tato
r
an
d
th
e
r
o
t
o
r
.
T
h
e
i
n
v
er
ter
s
witch
in
g
s
ig
n
als
ar
e
g
en
e
r
ated
u
s
in
g
PW
M
b
y
c
o
m
p
a
r
in
g
a
s
in
u
s
o
id
al
r
ef
e
r
en
ce
with
a
h
ig
h
-
f
r
eq
u
e
n
cy
tr
ia
n
g
u
l
ar
ca
r
r
ier
.
Fig
u
r
e
2
.
DFI
G
elec
tr
ical
m
o
d
el
2
.
3
.
Ro
t
o
r
s
ide c
o
nv
er
t
er
,
g
r
id s
ide c
o
nv
er
t
er
a
nd
DC
bu
s
T
h
e
m
o
d
u
latio
n
s
tr
ateg
y
(
SVPW
M/P
W
M)
d
ictates
V
r,
dq
is
b
o
u
n
d
ed
b
y
∥
V
r
∥
≤V
max
[
2
2
]
,
[
2
3
]
.
=
.
1
0
3
(
2
1
)
=
−
(2
2
)
W
h
er
e
V
max
: m
ax
im
u
m
v
o
ltag
e
ap
p
lied
to
t
h
e
r
o
to
r
an
d
V
dc
:
DC
b
u
s
v
o
ltag
e
o
f
t
h
e
co
n
v
er
t
er
.
3.
CO
NT
RO
L
SYS
T
E
M
3
.
1
.
F
ield
-
o
rient
ed
co
ntr
o
l
By
d
ec
o
u
p
lin
g
ac
tiv
e
p
o
wer
(
P
)
with
i
r,
q
an
d
r
ea
ctiv
e
p
o
wer
(
Q)
with
i
r,
d
,
th
e
s
y
s
tem
en
ab
les
th
e
d
esig
n
o
f
two
in
d
e
p
en
d
e
n
t PI
co
n
t
r
o
ll
er
s
[
2
4
]
-
[
2
6
]
:
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
t J Po
w
E
lec
&
Dr
i Sy
s
t
I
SS
N:
2088
-
8
6
9
4
I
n
tellig
en
t MP
C
fo
r
DF
I
G
w
in
d
tu
r
b
in
es
(
A
mir
a
La
kh
d
a
r
a
)
2051
{
=
,
−
,
=
,
−
,
(
2
3
)
{
,
=
,
=
=
0
(
2
4
)
{
,
=
,
.
+
,
∫
,
=
,
.
+
,
∫
(
2
5
)
W
h
er
e
k
P
,
k
Q
:
g
ain
s
lin
k
in
g
th
e
r
o
to
r
cu
r
r
en
t
co
m
p
o
n
e
n
ts
to
P
an
d
Q
p
o
wer
s
,
P
ref
,
Q
ref
:
ac
tiv
e
an
d
r
ea
ctiv
e
p
o
wer
r
ef
er
e
n
ce
s
,
i
r,
q,
ref
,
i
r
,
d,
ref
:
r
ef
er
en
ce
r
o
to
r
cu
r
r
en
ts
,
K
p,
q
,
K
p,
q
,
K
i,
d
,
K
i,
q
:
p
r
o
p
o
r
tio
n
al
an
d
in
teg
r
al
g
ain
s
o
f
th
e
PI
co
n
tr
o
ller
s
in
th
e
f
ield
-
o
r
ien
ted
co
n
tr
o
l
,
a
n
d
e:
tr
ac
k
i
n
g
er
r
o
r
.
3
.
2
.
Cla
s
s
ica
l
mo
del
predict
i
v
e
co
ntr
o
l
T
h
e
d
is
cr
ete
-
tim
e
m
o
d
el
with
s
am
p
lin
g
p
er
io
d
dt
[
2
7
]
is
ex
p
r
ess
ed
as f
o
llo
ws,
s
tar
tin
g
f
r
o
m
:
=
1
(
−
)
(
2
6
)
W
e
h
av
e:
(
+
1
)
=
(
)
+
(
(
)
−
(
)
)
(
2
7
)
W
ith
,
=
/
(
2
8
)
Qu
ad
r
atic
cr
iter
io
n
,
=
(
(
+
1
)
−
(
)
)
2
+
(
(
)
−
(
−
1
)
)
2
(
2
9
)
(
)
=
(
−
1
)
−
(
)
+
2
(
)
2
+
(
3
0
)
W
h
er
e
J
:
co
s
t
f
u
n
ctio
n
,
λ
:
wei
g
h
tin
g
f
ac
to
r
th
at
r
e
g
u
lates
th
e
tr
ad
e
-
o
f
f
b
etwe
en
tr
ac
k
in
g
a
cc
u
r
ac
y
a
n
d
co
n
tr
o
l
s
m
o
o
th
n
ess
,
α
: r
atio
b
etwe
en
t
h
e
co
n
tr
o
l sam
p
lin
g
s
tep
an
d
t
h
e
r
o
to
r
in
d
u
ctan
ce
,
an
d
k
: sa
m
p
lin
g
in
d
ex
.
3
.
3
.
Ada
ptiv
e
f
uzzy
-
weig
hte
d pre
dict
iv
e
co
ntr
o
l
I
n
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
FW
‑
MPC
,
th
e
weig
h
tin
g
f
ac
to
r
λ
in
th
e
co
s
t
f
u
n
ctio
n
is
u
p
d
ated
o
n
lin
e
b
a
s
ed
o
n
t
h
e
tr
ac
k
in
g
e
r
r
o
r
e
(
k
)
an
d
its
d
er
iv
ativ
e
d
e
(
k
)
.
B
o
th
v
ar
iab
les ar
e
f
ir
s
t
n
o
r
m
alize
d
to
th
e
r
a
n
g
e
[
–
1
,
1
]
a
cc
o
r
d
i
n
g
to
th
eir
m
a
x
im
u
m
e
x
p
ec
ted
m
ag
n
itu
d
es.
Fiv
e
tr
ia
n
g
u
lar
m
em
b
er
s
h
ip
f
u
n
ctio
n
s
ar
e
d
e
f
in
ed
f
o
r
ea
c
h
in
p
u
t
(
n
eg
ativ
e
lar
g
e,
n
e
g
ativ
e
s
m
all,
ze
r
o
,
p
o
s
itiv
e
s
m
all,
an
d
p
o
s
itiv
e
lar
g
e
).
T
h
e
p
r
ev
io
u
s
MPC
law
is
r
etain
ed
,
b
u
t
th
e
weig
h
tin
g
f
ac
to
r
λ
is
d
y
n
am
ically
a
d
ap
ted
ac
co
r
d
in
g
t
o
th
e
er
r
o
r
a
n
d
its
d
er
iv
ativ
e.
.
m
i
n
m
a
x
m
i
n
(
,
)
(
)
e
x
p
(
)
ed
e
e
k
e
k
e
••
=
+
−
−
−
(
3
1
)
W
ith
,
0
<λ
min
<λ
max
an
d
k
e
, k
d
>
0
.
T
h
e
r
esu
ltin
g
co
n
t
r
o
l la
w
is
:
(
)
=
(
,
.
)
(
−
1
)
−
(
)
+
2
(
)
2
+
(
,
.
)
(
3
2
)
T
h
is
law
is
ap
p
lied
s
ep
ar
ately
to
th
e
d
a
n
d
q
ax
es u
s
in
g
λ
d
an
d
λ
q
,
r
esp
ec
tiv
ely
.
4.
SI
M
UL
A
T
I
O
N
R
E
S
UL
T
S
I
n
th
is
s
ec
tio
n
,
s
im
u
latio
n
r
esu
lts
ar
e
p
r
esen
ted
f
o
r
a
r
a
n
d
o
m
win
d
s
p
ee
d
p
r
o
f
ile
s
ce
n
ar
io
,
f
o
llo
wed
b
y
an
ev
alu
atio
n
o
f
th
e
s
y
s
tem
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
u
s
in
g
s
tan
d
ar
d
p
e
r
f
o
r
m
an
ce
m
etr
ics
[
2
8
-
3
0
]
.
T
h
e
d
etailed
s
p
ec
if
icatio
n
s
o
f
t
h
e
s
y
s
tem
c
o
m
p
o
n
en
ts
an
d
co
n
tr
o
l
p
ar
am
eter
s
u
s
ed
in
t
h
e
s
im
u
latio
n
s
ar
e
s
u
m
m
ar
ized
in
T
ab
les
1
–
3
.
Sp
ec
if
ically
,
T
a
b
le
1
p
r
esen
ts
th
e
m
ain
p
ar
a
m
eter
s
o
f
th
e
elec
tr
o
m
ec
h
a
n
ical
co
m
p
o
n
e
n
ts
,
in
clu
d
in
g
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
0
8
8
-
8
6
9
4
I
n
t J Po
w
E
lec
&
Dr
i Sy
s
t
,
Vo
l.
1
7
,
No
.
3
,
Sep
tem
b
er
20
2
6
:
2047
-
2
0
5
7
2052
th
e
win
d
tu
r
b
in
e,
g
e
ar
b
o
x
,
an
d
DFI
G.
T
ab
le
2
s
u
m
m
ar
izes
th
e
s
p
ec
if
icatio
n
s
o
f
th
e
p
o
wer
c
o
n
v
er
ter
s
,
DC
b
u
s
,
f
ilter
,
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
er
,
g
r
id
,
an
d
lo
ad
.
Fin
ally
,
T
ab
le
3
lis
ts
th
e
m
ain
co
n
tr
o
l
p
ar
am
ete
r
s
u
s
ed
in
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
co
n
tr
o
l
s
tr
ateg
y
,
in
clu
d
in
g
th
e
FOC
-
PI
an
d
FW
-
MPC
p
ar
am
eter
s
.
T
h
ese
p
ar
am
eter
s
ar
e
u
s
ed
th
r
o
u
g
h
o
u
t
th
e
s
im
u
latio
n
s
to
ev
alu
ate
th
e
d
y
n
am
ic
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
an
d
r
o
b
u
s
tn
ess
o
f
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
c
o
n
tr
o
l a
p
p
r
o
ac
h
.
T
ab
le
1
.
E
lectr
o
m
ec
h
an
ical
c
o
m
p
o
n
e
n
ts
B
l
o
c
k
P
a
r
a
me
t
e
r
S
y
mb
o
l
e
V
a
l
u
e
U
n
i
t
Tu
r
b
i
n
e
A
i
r
d
e
n
s
i
t
y
ρ
1
.
2
2
5
K
g
·
m⁻
³
Tu
r
b
i
n
e
R
o
t
o
r
r
a
d
i
u
s
R
40
m
Tu
r
b
i
n
e
O
p
t
i
mal
p
o
w
e
r
c
o
e
f
f
i
c
i
e
n
t
C
p,
o
pt
0
.
4
6
–
Tu
r
b
i
n
e
O
p
t
i
mal
t
i
p
sp
e
e
d
r
a
t
i
o
λ
opt
8
.
0
–
R
e
d
u
c
e
r
R
a
t
i
o
G
90
–
D
F
I
G
R
a
t
e
d
p
o
w
e
r
P
ra
t
e
d
6
KW
D
F
I
G
P
o
l
e
p
a
i
r
s
p
2
–
D
F
I
G
S
t
a
t
o
r
r
e
s
i
st
a
n
c
e
R
s
0
.
4
0
Ω
D
F
I
G
R
o
t
o
r
r
e
si
s
t
a
n
c
e
R
r
0
.
3
8
Ω
D
F
I
G
S
t
a
t
o
r
l
e
a
k
a
g
e
i
n
d
u
c
t
a
n
c
e
L
ℓs
3
.
0
e
-
3
H
D
F
I
G
R
o
t
o
r
l
e
a
k
a
g
e
i
n
d
u
c
t
a
n
c
e
L
ℓr
3
.
0
e
-
3
H
D
F
I
G
M
a
g
n
e
t
i
z
i
n
g
i
n
d
u
c
t
a
n
c
e
L
m
8
0
e
-
3
H
T
ab
le
2
.
C
o
n
v
er
ter
s
,
DC
b
u
s
,
f
ilter
,
g
r
id
an
d
lo
ad
B
l
o
c
k
P
a
r
a
me
t
e
r
S
y
mb
o
l
e
V
a
l
u
e
U
n
i
t
D
C
b
u
s
V
o
l
t
a
g
e
V
dc
6
0
0
V
D
C
b
u
s
C
a
p
a
c
i
t
a
n
c
e
C
dc
4e
-
3
F
R
S
C
S
w
i
t
c
h
i
n
g
f
r
e
q
u
e
n
c
y
f
s
w
,
R
5e
3
Hz
R
S
C
S
a
mp
l
i
n
g
p
e
r
i
o
d
T
s
,
R
1
0
0
e
-
6
s
G
S
C
S
w
i
t
c
h
i
n
g
f
r
e
q
u
e
n
c
y
f
s
w
,
G
5e
3
Hz
G
S
C
S
a
mp
l
i
n
g
p
e
r
i
o
d
T
s
,
G
1
0
0
e
-
6
s
F
i
l
t
e
r
S
e
r
i
e
s
i
n
d
u
c
t
a
n
c
e
L
f
2
.
0
e
-
3
H
F
i
l
t
e
r
S
e
r
i
e
s r
e
si
s
t
a
n
c
e
R
f
0
.
2
0
Ω
Tr
a
n
sf
o
r
mer
LV
si
d
e
v
o
l
t
a
g
e
(
LL)
V
LV
0
.
4
KV
Tr
a
n
sf
o
r
mer
Tu
r
n
s
r
a
t
i
o
(
LV
/
H
V
)
n
0
.
4
/
1
1
–
G
r
i
d
V
o
l
t
a
g
e
(
L
L)
V
G
4
0
0
V
G
r
i
d
F
r
e
q
u
e
n
c
y
f
0
50
Hz
D
C
b
u
s
V
o
l
t
a
g
e
V
dc
6
0
0
V
D
C
b
u
s
C
a
p
a
c
i
t
a
n
c
e
C
dc
4e
-
3
F
T
ab
le
3
.
C
o
n
tr
o
l p
ar
am
ete
r
s
B
l
o
c
k
P
a
r
a
me
t
e
r
S
y
mb
o
l
e
V
a
l
u
e
U
n
i
t
F
O
C
P
I
g
a
i
n
K
p
(i
_d
)
K
p
,
i
d
5
.
0
–
F
O
C
P
I
g
a
i
n
K
i
(i
_d)
K
i
,
i
d
5
0
.
0
s⁻
¹
F
O
C
P
I
g
a
i
n
K
p
(i
_q
)
K
p
,
i
q
5
.
0
–
F
O
C
P
I
g
a
i
n
K
i
(i
_q)
K
i
,
i
q
5
0
.
0
s⁻
¹
M
P
C
C
o
s
t
w
e
i
g
h
t
i
n
g
f
a
c
t
o
r
λ
m
p
c
1e
-
3
–
FW
-
M
P
C
λ
m
i
n
λ
m
i
n
5e
-
5
–
FW
-
M
P
C
λ
m
a
x
λ
m
a
x
5e
-
3
–
FW
-
M
P
C
A
d
a
p
t
a
t
i
o
n
g
a
i
n
k
λ
3
.
0
–
4
.
1
.
Co
nv
er
s
io
n c
ha
in pa
ra
m
et
er
s
T
h
e
win
d
s
p
ee
d
p
r
o
f
ile
is
s
h
o
wn
in
Fig
u
r
e
3
.
T
h
e
win
d
o
s
cillates
ar
o
u
n
d
an
alm
o
s
t
co
n
s
tan
t
m
ea
n
v
alu
e,
with
f
ast
v
ar
iatio
n
s
r
esem
b
lin
g
f
ilter
ed
n
o
is
e.
T
h
is
r
ich
f
r
eq
u
e
n
cy
co
n
te
n
t
ex
cites
th
e
DFI
G
d
y
n
am
ics
an
d
h
ig
h
lig
h
ts
th
e
co
n
tr
o
ller
s
’
ab
ilit
y
to
atten
u
ate
h
ig
h
-
f
r
eq
u
en
cy
d
is
tu
r
b
a
n
ce
s
.
I
n
Fig
u
r
e
4
,
all
t
h
r
ee
c
o
n
tr
o
ll
er
s
(
FOC
/PI,
class
ical
MP
C
,
an
d
f
u
zz
y
ad
ap
tiv
e
-
weig
h
ted
FW
-
MP
C
)
s
u
cc
ess
f
u
lly
tr
ac
k
t
h
e
ac
tiv
e
p
o
wer
r
e
f
er
en
ce
P
ref
with
o
u
t
d
r
i
f
t.
R
eg
ar
d
in
g
p
o
wer
er
r
o
r
,
d
is
p
er
s
io
n
is
t
h
e
lar
g
est
with
FOC
/PI,
in
ter
m
ed
iate
wit
h
class
ical
M
PC
,
an
d
s
m
alle
s
t
with
F
W
-
MPC
(
th
e
er
r
o
r
clo
u
d
b
ein
g
n
o
ticea
b
ly
tig
h
ter
)
.
R
ea
ctiv
e
p
o
wer
r
em
ai
n
s
clo
s
e
to
ze
r
o
(
Q
≈
0
)
th
r
o
u
g
h
o
u
t
th
e
test
,
co
n
f
ir
m
in
g
ef
f
ec
tiv
e
ac
tiv
e/r
ea
ctiv
e
d
ec
o
u
p
lin
g
d
esp
ite
r
ap
id
f
lu
ct
u
atio
n
s
.
T
h
e
ad
ap
tiv
e
weig
h
ti
n
g
f
u
n
ctio
n
w(
e,
ė)
in
FW
-
MPC
f
ilter
s
f
ast
er
r
o
r
co
m
p
o
n
en
ts
m
o
r
e
e
f
f
ec
tiv
ely
,
wh
ile
s
till
m
ain
tain
in
g
ac
cu
r
at
e
r
ef
er
en
ce
t
r
ac
k
in
g
.
T
ab
le
4
co
m
p
ar
es
th
e
p
o
wer
tr
ac
k
in
g
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
o
f
th
e
th
r
ee
co
n
tr
o
ller
s
u
n
d
e
r
a
r
an
d
o
m
win
d
p
r
o
f
ile.
T
h
e
PI
-
b
ased
FOC
s
h
o
ws
th
e
s
lo
west
r
esp
o
n
s
e,
th
e
h
ig
h
est
o
v
er
s
h
o
o
t
(
4
.
0
%),
an
d
th
e
lar
g
est
er
r
o
r
v
alu
es,
co
n
f
ir
m
i
n
g
its
lim
ited
r
o
b
u
s
tn
ess
.
T
h
e
class
ical
MP
C
im
p
r
o
v
es
b
o
t
h
r
is
e
tim
e
an
d
er
r
o
r
in
d
ices,
cu
ttin
g
th
e
I
AE
b
y
n
ea
r
ly
o
n
e
t
h
ir
d
c
o
m
p
ar
ed
t
o
PI.
T
h
e
FW
-
MPC
p
r
o
v
id
es
th
e
b
est
o
v
er
all
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
,
with
th
e
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
t J Po
w
E
lec
&
Dr
i Sy
s
t
I
SS
N:
2088
-
8
6
9
4
I
n
tellig
en
t MP
C
fo
r
DF
I
G
w
in
d
tu
r
b
in
es
(
A
mir
a
La
kh
d
a
r
a
)
2053
f
astes
t
r
esp
o
n
s
e
(
0
.
1
5
s
)
,
m
i
n
im
al
o
v
er
s
h
o
o
t
(
0
.
8
%),
an
d
th
e
lo
west
R
MS
(
0
.
0
7
)
an
d
I
AE
(
0
.
6
8
)
v
alu
es,
d
em
o
n
s
tr
atin
g
its
s
u
p
er
io
r
ca
p
ab
ilit
y
to
h
an
d
le
r
ap
id
f
lu
ctu
at
io
n
s
.
Fig
u
r
es
5
an
d
6
s
h
o
w
th
at
th
e
r
o
to
r
cu
r
r
en
t
i
rq
f
o
llo
ws
th
e
to
r
q
u
e
d
em
a
n
d
with
s
m
all
o
s
cillatio
n
s
d
u
e
to
win
d
v
ar
iatio
n
s
,
wh
ile
i
rd
r
em
ain
s
clo
s
e
to
ze
r
o
,
co
n
f
ir
m
i
n
g
p
r
o
p
e
r
m
ag
n
etiza
tio
n
co
n
tr
o
l.
At
th
e
s
am
e
tim
e,
v
rq
r
ef
lects
ac
tiv
e
p
o
wer
f
l
u
ctu
atio
n
s
with
o
u
t
s
atu
r
atio
n
.
Alth
o
u
g
h
all
co
n
tr
o
ller
s
ex
h
i
b
it
s
im
ilar
b
eh
av
i
o
r
,
FW
-
MPC
s
lig
h
tly
r
ed
u
ce
s
cu
r
r
en
t
p
ea
k
s
an
d
v
ar
iab
ilit
y
,
lead
i
n
g
to
lo
wer
s
tr
ess
,
wh
ile
al
s
o
en
s
u
r
in
g
s
m
o
o
th
e
r
v
o
ltag
e
with
r
ed
u
ce
d
v
ar
ian
ce
an
d
n
o
h
ig
h
-
f
r
e
q
u
en
c
y
ar
tifa
ct
s
,
th
u
s
p
r
eser
v
in
g
co
n
v
er
ter
m
ar
g
in
s
.
Fig
u
r
e
3
.
R
an
d
o
m
win
d
s
p
ee
d
p
r
o
f
ile
Fig
u
r
e
4
.
Activ
e
a
n
d
r
ea
ctiv
e
p
o
wer
s
T
ab
le
4
.
Po
wer
tr
ac
k
in
g
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
(
q
u
alitativ
e)
C
o
n
t
r
o
l
l
e
r
R
i
se
t
i
me
(
s)
O
v
e
r
sh
o
o
t
(
%)
R
M
S
e
r
r
o
r
a
t
p
e
a
k
s
(
K
W
)
R
M
S
E
(
K
W
)
I
A
E
(
K
W
·
s)
F
O
C
/
P
I
0
.
2
2
4
.
0
0
.
1
8
0
.
2
0
1
.
3
5
C
l
a
s
si
c
a
l
M
P
C
0
.
1
8
2
.
2
0
.
1
1
0
.
1
3
0
.
9
2
FW
-
M
P
C
0
.
1
5
0
.
8
0
.
0
7
0
.
0
9
0
.
6
8
T
ab
le
5
co
m
p
ar
es
co
n
tr
o
l
ef
f
o
r
t
u
n
d
er
d
is
tu
r
b
ed
win
d
co
n
d
iti
o
n
s
.
T
h
e
PI
c
o
n
tr
o
ller
ex
h
ib
its
th
e
h
ig
h
est
ef
f
o
r
t
with
lar
g
e
v
o
ltag
e
v
a
r
ia
n
ce
an
d
cu
r
r
en
t
s
tr
ess
.
C
lass
ic
al
MPC
r
ed
u
ce
s
th
ese
p
ea
k
s
an
d
s
lig
h
tly
im
p
r
o
v
es
th
e
p
o
wer
f
ac
t
o
r
.
FW
-
MPC
ac
h
iev
es
th
e
s
m
o
o
th
est
co
n
tr
o
l,
with
th
e
lo
west
R
MSE
,
r
ed
u
ce
d
v
ar
ian
ce
,
m
in
im
al
cu
r
r
en
t
p
ea
k
s
,
an
d
u
n
ity
p
o
we
r
f
ac
to
r
,
c
o
n
f
ir
m
in
g
its
s
u
p
er
io
r
ef
f
icien
cy
a
n
d
r
o
b
u
s
tn
es
s.
Fig
u
r
e
7
s
h
o
ws
a
p
ar
am
etr
ic
v
ar
iatio
n
at
≈
5
s
(
ch
a
n
g
es
in
R
r
an
d
L
r
)
,
w
h
er
e
all
co
n
tr
o
lle
r
s
m
ain
tain
ac
tiv
e
p
o
wer
tr
ac
k
in
g
.
Ho
wev
er
,
th
e
er
r
o
r
r
esp
o
n
s
e
d
if
f
er
s
:
FOC
/
PI
ex
h
ib
its
th
e
lar
g
est
p
ea
k
s
an
d
o
s
cillatio
n
s
,
class
ical
MP
C
im
p
r
o
v
es
d
am
p
in
g
,
wh
ile
FW
-
MP
C
ac
h
iev
es
th
e
s
m
allest
er
r
o
r
an
d
f
astes
t
r
ec
o
v
er
y
.
T
h
is
is
d
u
e
to
its
ad
ap
tiv
e
weig
h
tin
g
w
(
e
,
e˙
)
,
wh
ich
p
r
o
v
id
es
ef
f
ec
tiv
e
d
am
p
in
g
,
ag
g
r
ess
iv
e
d
u
r
in
g
er
r
o
r
g
r
o
wth
an
d
co
n
s
er
v
ativ
e
d
u
r
in
g
d
ec
ay
,
th
u
s
r
ed
u
cin
g
o
v
er
s
h
o
o
t a
n
d
en
s
u
r
in
g
s
m
o
o
th
er
co
n
v
er
g
en
ce
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
0
8
8
-
8
6
9
4
I
n
t J Po
w
E
lec
&
Dr
i Sy
s
t
,
Vo
l.
1
7
,
No
.
3
,
Sep
tem
b
er
20
2
6
:
2047
-
2
0
5
7
2054
Fig
u
r
e
5
.
R
o
to
r
d
-
a
n
d
q
-
ax
is
cu
r
r
en
ts
Fig
u
r
e
6
.
R
o
to
r
d
-
a
n
d
q
-
ax
is
v
o
ltag
es
T
ab
le
5
.
C
o
n
tr
o
l e
f
f
o
r
t a
n
d
co
n
s
tr
ain
ts
(
q
u
alitativ
e)
C
o
n
t
r
o
l
l
e
r
R
M
S
E
fa
s
t
(
K
W
)
V
a
r
(
v
rq
)
(
V
²)
P
e
a
k
v
rq
(V)
P
e
a
k
i
rq
(A)
M
e
a
n
|
i
rd
|
(
A
)
P
F
mea
n
F
O
C
/
P
I
0
.
2
4
1
.
1
0
e
5
9
0
0
1
2
.
2
0
.
0
3
5
0
.
9
9
8
C
l
a
s
si
c
a
l
M
P
C
0
.
1
6
0
.
9
5
e
5
8
5
0
1
1
.
9
0
.
0
3
0
0
.
9
9
9
FW
-
M
P
C
0
.
1
2
0
.
8
5
e
5
8
2
0
1
1
.
7
0
.
0
2
5
0
.
9
9
9
Fig
u
r
e
7
.
Activ
e
p
o
wer
with
R
r
in
cr
ea
s
e
an
d
L
r
d
ec
r
ea
s
e
Fig
u
r
e
8
p
r
esen
ts
th
e
g
r
id
-
s
i
d
e
v
o
ltag
e
an
d
c
u
r
r
en
t.
T
h
e
g
r
id
v
o
ltag
e
r
e
m
ain
s
s
in
u
s
o
id
al,
s
tab
le
(
5
0
Hz)
,
a
n
d
u
n
af
f
ec
ted
b
y
t
h
e
ch
o
ice
o
f
co
n
tr
o
ller
.
T
h
e
g
r
id
cu
r
r
en
t
f
o
llo
ws
th
e
ac
tiv
e
p
o
wer
r
ef
e
r
en
ce
,
m
ain
tain
in
g
p
h
ase
alig
n
m
en
t
with
n
o
l
o
w
-
f
r
eq
u
en
cy
d
is
to
r
t
io
n
s
d
u
r
i
n
g
t
h
e
p
a
r
am
eter
j
u
m
p
.
Z
o
o
m
ed
v
iews
(
th
r
ee
cy
cles)
co
n
f
ir
m
n
ea
r
ly
p
er
f
ec
t su
p
er
p
o
s
itio
n
in
b
o
th
a
m
p
litu
d
e
an
d
p
h
ase
ac
r
o
s
s
all
th
r
ee
co
n
tr
o
ller
s
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
t J Po
w
E
lec
&
Dr
i Sy
s
t
I
SS
N:
2088
-
8
6
9
4
I
n
tellig
en
t MP
C
fo
r
DF
I
G
w
in
d
tu
r
b
in
es
(
A
mir
a
La
kh
d
a
r
a
)
2055
T
ab
les
6
an
d
7
s
h
o
w
th
at
all
co
n
tr
o
ller
s
m
ain
tain
th
e
s
am
e
g
r
id
v
o
ltag
e
(
3
2
5
V)
,
wh
ile
FW
-
MP
C
d
eliv
er
s
s
lig
h
tly
h
ig
h
er
cu
r
r
en
t,
in
d
icatin
g
im
p
r
o
v
ed
p
o
wer
tr
an
s
f
er
.
I
t
also
ac
h
iev
es
th
e
b
est
cu
r
r
en
t
q
u
ality
,
with
th
e
lo
west
T
H
D
(
1
.
5
%)
an
d
r
ed
u
ce
d
n
o
is
e,
wh
i
le
p
r
eser
v
in
g
th
e
5
0
Hz
f
u
n
d
am
en
tal.
T
h
ese
r
esu
lts
co
n
f
ir
m
th
e
s
u
p
er
io
r
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
o
f
F
W
-
MPC
f
o
r
ef
f
icien
t a
n
d
h
i
g
h
-
q
u
ality
g
r
id
in
ter
ac
tio
n
.
Fig
u
r
e
8
.
Gr
id
-
s
id
e
v
o
ltag
e
an
d
cu
r
r
e
n
t (
GSC
)
T
ab
le
6
.
Gr
id
q
u
a
n
titi
es
C
o
n
t
r
o
l
l
e
r
V
a
,
pk
(V)
I
a
,
pk
(A)
I
a
,
rm
s
(A)
F
O
C
/
P
I
3
2
5
0
.
2
8
0
.
1
9
8
C
l
a
s
si
c
a
l
M
P
C
3
2
5
0
.
2
8
0
.
1
9
8
FW
-
M
P
C
3
2
5
0
.
3
0
0
.
2
1
2
T
ab
le
7
.
C
u
r
r
e
n
t q
u
ality
C
o
n
t
r
ô
l
e
u
r
TH
D
i
(
%)
B
a
c
k
g
r
o
u
n
d
n
o
i
s
e
σ(
i
a
)
o
v
e
r
1
s (A
)
F
O
C
/
P
I
2
.
2
0
.
0
0
6
0
0
.
0
3
0
C
l
a
s
si
c
a
l
M
P
C
1
.
8
0
.
0
0
4
5
0
.
0
2
4
FW
-
M
P
C
1
.
5
0
.
0
0
4
0
0
.
0
2
1
5.
CO
NCLU
SI
O
N
T
h
is
s
tu
d
y
d
em
o
n
s
tr
ates
th
e
e
f
f
ec
tiv
en
ess
o
f
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
FW
-
MPC
s
tr
ateg
y
.
Un
d
er
b
o
th
s
in
u
s
o
id
al
an
d
n
o
is
y
win
d
c
o
n
d
itio
n
s
,
it
r
ed
u
ce
s
R
MSE
,
o
v
er
s
h
o
o
t,
an
d
co
n
v
er
g
en
ce
tim
e
c
o
m
p
a
r
ed
to
FOC
an
d
class
ical
MPC
.
I
t
also
en
s
u
r
es
s
m
o
o
th
er
r
o
t
o
r
cu
r
r
e
n
ts
an
d
v
o
lt
ag
es,
lo
wer
in
g
lo
s
s
es
an
d
th
e
r
m
al
s
tr
ess
.
T
h
e
DFI
G
m
ain
tain
s
n
ea
r
-
u
n
ity
p
o
wer
f
a
cto
r
an
d
ac
ce
p
tab
le
T
HD
.
R
o
b
u
s
tn
ess
is
co
n
f
ir
m
ed
u
n
d
er
p
ar
am
eter
v
ar
iatio
n
s
an
d
s
to
ch
asti
c
win
d
,
with
r
e
d
u
ce
d
p
ea
k
er
r
o
r
s
an
d
f
aster
r
ec
o
v
er
y
.
T
h
ese
r
esu
lts
alig
n
with
r
ec
en
t
s
tu
d
ies
h
ig
h
lig
h
tin
g
th
e
b
e
n
ef
its
o
f
ad
ap
tiv
e
MPC
f
o
r
im
p
r
o
v
in
g
p
er
f
o
r
m
an
ce
an
d
r
o
b
u
s
tn
ess
in
DFI
G
s
y
s
tem
s
.
F
UNDING
I
NF
O
R
M
A
T
I
O
N
Au
th
o
r
s
s
tate
n
o
f
u
n
d
in
g
in
v
o
lv
ed
.
AUTHO
R
CO
NT
RI
B
UT
I
O
NS ST
A
T
E
M
E
N
T
T
h
is
jo
u
r
n
al
u
s
es
th
e
C
o
n
tr
ib
u
to
r
R
o
les
T
ax
o
n
o
m
y
(
C
R
ed
iT)
to
r
ec
o
g
n
ize
in
d
iv
id
u
al
au
th
o
r
co
n
tr
ib
u
tio
n
s
,
r
ed
u
ce
au
th
o
r
s
h
ip
d
is
p
u
tes,
an
d
f
ac
ilit
ate
co
llab
o
r
atio
n
.
Na
m
e
o
f
Aut
ho
r
C
M
So
Va
Fo
I
R
D
O
E
Vi
Su
P
Fu
Am
ir
a
L
ak
h
d
a
r
a
✓
✓
✓
✓
✓
✓
✓
✓
✓
✓
T
ah
ar
B
ah
i
✓
✓
✓
✓
✓
✓
✓
✓
Am
in
a
Aziz
i
✓
✓
✓
✓
✓
✓
✓
✓
Am
in
a
B
en
ab
d
a
✓
✓
✓
✓
✓
C
:
C
o
n
c
e
p
t
u
a
l
i
z
a
t
i
o
n
M
:
M
e
t
h
o
d
o
l
o
g
y
So
:
So
f
t
w
a
r
e
Va
:
Va
l
i
d
a
t
i
o
n
Fo
:
Fo
r
mal
a
n
a
l
y
s
i
s
I
:
I
n
v
e
s
t
i
g
a
t
i
o
n
R
:
R
e
so
u
r
c
e
s
D
:
D
a
t
a
C
u
r
a
t
i
o
n
O
:
W
r
i
t
i
n
g
-
O
r
i
g
i
n
a
l
D
r
a
f
t
E
:
W
r
i
t
i
n
g
-
R
e
v
i
e
w
&
E
d
i
t
i
n
g
Vi
:
Vi
su
a
l
i
z
a
t
i
o
n
Su
:
Su
p
e
r
v
i
s
i
o
n
P
:
P
r
o
j
e
c
t
a
d
mi
n
i
st
r
a
t
i
o
n
Fu
:
Fu
n
d
i
n
g
a
c
q
u
i
si
t
i
o
n
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
2
0
8
8
-
8
6
9
4
I
n
t J Po
w
E
lec
&
Dr
i Sy
s
t
,
Vo
l.
1
7
,
No
.
3
,
Sep
tem
b
er
20
2
6
:
2047
-
2
0
5
7
2056
CO
NF
L
I
C
T
O
F
I
N
T
E
R
E
S
T
ST
A
T
E
M
E
NT
Au
th
o
r
s
s
tate
n
o
co
n
f
lict o
f
in
t
er
est.
DATA AV
AI
L
AB
I
L
I
T
Y
T
h
e
d
ata
th
at
s
u
p
p
o
r
t
th
e
f
i
n
d
in
g
s
o
f
th
is
s
tu
d
y
ar
e
av
aila
b
le
f
r
o
m
th
e
co
r
r
esp
o
n
d
in
g
a
u
th
o
r
,
u
p
o
n
r
ea
s
o
n
ab
le
r
eq
u
est
.
RE
F
E
R
E
NC
E
S
[
1
]
H
.
B
a
d
i
h
i
,
Y
.
Zh
a
n
g
,
B
.
Ji
a
n
g
,
P
.
P
i
l
l
a
y
,
a
n
d
S
.
R
a
k
h
e
j
a
,
“
A
c
o
m
p
r
e
h
e
n
si
v
e
r
e
v
i
e
w
o
n
si
g
n
a
l
-
b
a
s
e
d
a
n
d
mo
d
e
l
-
b
a
se
d
c
o
n
d
i
t
i
o
n
mo
n
i
t
o
r
i
n
g
o
f
w
i
n
d
t
u
r
b
i
n
e
s
:
f
a
u
l
t
d
i
a
g
n
o
s
i
s
a
n
d
l
i
f
e
t
i
me
p
r
o
g
n
o
s
i
s,”
Pro
c
e
e
d
i
n
g
s
o
f
t
h
e
I
EEE
,
v
o
l
.
1
1
0
,
n
o
.
6
,
p
p
.
7
5
4
–
8
0
6
,
J
u
n
.
2
0
2
2
,
d
o
i
:
1
0
.
1
1
0
9
/
JP
R
O
C
.
2
0
2
2
.
3
1
7
1
6
9
1
.
[
2
]
H
.
S
o
l
e
i
m
a
n
i
,
D
.
H
a
b
i
b
i
,
M
.
G
h
a
h
r
a
ma
n
i
,
a
n
d
A
.
A
z
i
z
,
“
S
t
r
e
n
g
t
h
e
n
i
n
g
p
o
w
e
r
s
y
st
e
ms
f
o
r
n
e
t
z
e
r
o
:
a
r
e
v
i
e
w
o
f
t
h
e
r
o
l
e
o
f
sy
n
c
h
r
o
n
o
u
s
c
o
n
d
e
n
sers
a
n
d
e
mer
g
i
n
g
c
h
a
l
l
e
n
g
e
s,”
E
n
e
r
g
i
e
s
,
v
o
l
.
1
7
,
n
o
.
1
3
,
2
0
2
4
,
d
o
i
:
1
0
.
3
3
9
0
/
e
n
1
7
1
3
3
2
9
1
.
[
3
]
H
.
B
e
n
b
o
u
h
e
n
n
i
,
N
.
B
i
z
o
n
,
M
.
I
.
M
o
s
a
a
d
,
I
.
C
o
l
a
k
,
A
.
B
.
D
j
i
l
a
l
i
,
a
n
d
H
.
G
a
smi,
“
E
n
h
a
n
c
e
me
n
t
o
f
t
h
e
p
o
w
e
r
q
u
a
l
i
t
y
o
f
d
f
i
g
-
b
a
se
d
d
u
a
l
-
r
o
t
o
r
w
i
n
d
t
u
r
b
i
n
e
s
y
st
e
ms
u
si
n
g
f
r
a
c
t
i
o
n
a
l
o
r
d
e
r
f
u
z
z
y
c
o
n
t
r
o
l
l
e
r
,
”
Ex
p
e
rt
S
y
st
e
m
s
w
i
t
h
A
p
p
l
i
c
a
t
i
o
n
s
,
v
o
l
.
2
3
8
,
p
.
1
2
1
6
9
5
,
M
a
r
.
2
0
2
4
,
d
o
i
:
1
0
.
1
0
1
6
/
j
.
e
sw
a
.
2
0
2
3
.
1
2
1
6
9
5
.
[
4
]
K
.
F
.
S
a
y
e
h
,
S
.
T
a
ma
l
o
u
z
t
,
D
.
Zi
a
n
e
,
A
.
B
e
k
h
i
t
i
,
a
n
d
Y
.
B
e
l
k
h
i
e
r
,
“
U
t
i
l
i
z
i
n
g
f
u
z
z
y
l
o
g
i
c
c
o
n
t
r
o
l
a
n
d
n
e
u
r
a
l
n
e
t
w
o
r
k
s
b
a
se
d
o
n
a
r
t
i
f
i
c
i
a
l
i
n
t
e
l
l
i
g
e
n
c
e
t
e
c
h
n
i
q
u
e
s
t
o
i
mp
r
o
v
e
p
o
w
e
r
q
u
a
l
i
t
y
i
n
d
o
u
b
l
y
f
e
d
i
n
d
u
c
t
i
o
n
g
e
n
e
r
a
t
o
r
-
b
a
s
e
d
w
i
n
d
t
u
r
b
i
n
e
sy
s
t
e
m
,
”
I
n
t
e
r
n
a
t
i
o
n
a
l
J
o
u
r
n
a
l
o
f
E
n
e
r
g
y
Re
s
e
a
rc
h
,
v
o
l
.
2
0
2
5
,
n
o
.
1
,
2
0
2
5
,
d
o
i
:
1
0
.
1
1
5
5
/
e
r
/
5
9
8
5
9
0
4
.
[
5
]
K
.
F
.
S
a
y
e
h
,
S
.
Ta
m
a
l
o
u
z
t
,
D
.
Z
i
a
n
e
,
N
.
B
e
n
y
a
h
i
a
,
a
n
d
S
.
L
.
B
e
l
a
i
d
,
“
A
n
o
v
e
l
f
u
z
z
y
-
l
o
g
i
c
-
i
m
p
r
o
v
e
d
d
i
r
e
c
t
p
o
w
e
r
c
o
n
t
r
o
l
s
t
r
a
t
e
g
y
f
o
r
D
F
I
G
-
b
a
sed
w
i
n
d
t
u
r
b
i
n
e
t
h
r
o
u
g
h
r
e
a
l
-
t
i
m
e
O
P
A
L
-
R
T
v
a
l
i
d
a
t
i
o
n
,
”
I
n
t
e
r
n
a
t
i
o
n
a
l
J
o
u
r
n
a
l
o
f
El
e
c
t
r
i
c
a
l
P
o
w
e
r
&
En
e
r
g
y
S
y
st
e
m
s
,
v
o
l
.
1
7
2
,
p
.
1
1
1
3
1
7
,
N
o
v
.
2
0
2
5
,
d
o
i
:
1
0
.
1
0
1
6
/
j
.
i
j
e
p
e
s
.
2
0
2
5
.
1
1
1
3
1
7
.
[
6
]
H
.
B
e
n
b
o
u
h
e
n
n
i
,
I
.
C
o
l
a
k
,
N
.
B
i
z
o
n
,
M
.
I
.
M
o
s
a
a
d
,
a
n
d
T.
G
.
T
e
l
l
a
,
“
P
o
w
e
r
r
e
g
u
l
a
t
i
o
n
o
f
v
a
r
i
a
b
l
e
sp
e
e
d
m
u
l
t
i
r
o
t
o
r
w
i
n
d
s
y
s
t
e
ms
u
si
n
g
f
u
z
z
y
c
a
sc
a
d
e
d
c
o
n
t
r
o
l
,
”
S
c
i
e
n
t
i
f
i
c
Re
p
o
rt
s
,
v
o
l
.
1
4
,
n
o
.
1
,
2
0
2
4
,
d
o
i
:
1
0
.
1
0
3
8
/
s
4
1
5
9
8
-
0
2
4
-
6
7
1
9
4
-
4.
[
7
]
H
.
B
e
n
b
o
u
h
e
n
n
i
,
D
.
Ze
l
l
o
u
ma,
N
.
B
i
z
o
n
,
a
n
d
I
.
C
o
l
a
k
,
“
A
n
e
w
P
I
(
1
+
P
I
)
c
o
n
t
r
o
l
l
e
r
t
o
mi
t
i
g
a
t
e
p
o
w
e
r
r
i
p
p
l
e
s
o
f
a
v
a
r
i
a
b
l
e
-
s
p
e
e
d
d
u
a
l
-
r
o
t
o
r
w
i
n
d
p
o
w
e
r
s
y
st
e
m
u
s
i
n
g
d
i
r
e
c
t
p
o
w
e
r
c
o
n
t
r
o
l
,
”
E
n
e
r
g
y
Re
p
o
r
t
s
,
v
o
l
.
1
0
,
p
p
.
3
5
8
0
–
3
5
9
8
,
N
o
v
.
2
0
2
3
,
d
o
i
:
1
0
.
1
0
1
6
/
j
.
e
g
y
r
.
2
0
2
3
.
1
0
.
0
0
7
.
[
8
]
M
.
H
i
c
h
e
m
a
n
d
B
.
Ta
h
a
r
,
“
F
u
z
z
y
m
o
n
i
t
o
r
i
n
g
o
f
st
a
t
o
r
a
n
d
r
o
t
o
r
w
i
n
d
i
n
g
f
a
u
l
t
s fo
r
D
F
I
G
u
se
d
i
n
w
i
n
d
e
n
e
r
g
y
c
o
n
v
e
r
si
o
n
sy
s
t
e
m
,
”
I
n
t
e
r
n
a
t
i
o
n
a
l
J
o
u
r
n
a
l
o
f
M
o
d
e
l
l
i
n
g
,
I
d
e
n
t
i
f
i
c
a
t
i
o
n
a
n
d
C
o
n
t
r
o
l
,
v
o
l
.
2
7
,
n
o
.
1
,
p
p
.
4
9
–
5
7
,
2
0
1
7
,
d
o
i
:
1
0
.
1
5
0
4
/
I
JM
I
C
.
2
0
1
7
.
0
8
2
4
8
5
.
[
9
]
F
.
B
o
u
c
e
t
t
a
e
t
a
l
.
,
“
R
o
b
u
s
t
d
i
r
e
c
t
v
o
l
t
a
g
e
c
o
n
t
r
o
l
o
f
s
t
a
n
d
-
a
l
o
n
e
D
F
I
G
w
i
n
d
s
y
st
e
ms
u
s
i
n
g
a
f
r
a
c
t
i
o
n
a
l
-
o
r
d
e
r
f
u
z
z
y
l
o
g
i
c
a
p
p
r
o
a
c
h
,
”
S
c
i
e
n
t
i
f
i
c
Re
p
o
r
t
s
,
v
o
l
.
1
5
,
n
o
.
1
,
p
.
2
8
7
6
2
,
A
u
g
.
2
0
2
5
,
d
o
i
:
1
0
.
1
0
3
8
/
s
4
1
5
9
8
-
0
2
5
-
1
1
9
1
0
-
1.
[
1
0
]
K
.
U
l
l
a
h
e
t
a
l
.
,
“
W
i
n
d
f
a
r
ms
a
n
d
f
l
e
x
i
b
l
e
l
o
a
d
s c
o
n
t
r
i
b
u
t
i
o
n
i
n
a
u
t
o
ma
t
i
c
g
e
n
e
r
a
t
i
o
n
c
o
n
t
r
o
l
:
a
n
e
x
t
e
n
si
v
e
r
e
v
i
e
w
a
n
d
s
i
mu
l
a
t
i
o
n
,
”
En
e
r
g
i
e
s
,
v
o
l
.
1
6
,
n
o
.
1
4
,
2
0
2
3
,
d
o
i
:
1
0
.
3
3
9
0
/
e
n
1
6
1
4
5
4
9
8
.
[
1
1
]
M
.
B
a
h
g
a
t
,
M
.
E
z
z
a
t
,
M
.
A
.
A
t
t
i
a
,
S
.
F
.
M
e
k
h
a
mer
,
a
n
d
N
.
M
.
El
b
e
h
a
i
r
y
,
“
C
o
m
p
a
r
a
t
i
v
e
a
n
a
l
y
s
i
s
o
f
p
i
a
n
d
f
u
z
z
y
l
o
g
i
c
c
o
n
t
r
o
l
l
e
r
f
o
r
g
r
i
d
c
o
n
n
e
c
t
e
d
w
i
n
d
t
u
r
b
i
n
e
u
n
d
e
r
n
o
r
m
a
l
a
n
d
f
a
u
l
t
c
o
n
d
i
t
i
o
n
s,
”
S
c
i
e
n
t
i
f
i
c
Re
p
o
rt
s
,
v
o
l
.
1
5
,
n
o
.
1
,
p
.
1
9
5
4
,
Jan
.
2
0
2
5
,
d
o
i
:
1
0
.
1
0
3
8
/
s
4
1
5
9
8
-
0
2
4
-
8
5
0
7
3
-
w.
[
1
2
]
B
.
W
a
d
a
w
a
,
Y
.
Er
r
a
m
i
,
A
.
O
b
b
a
d
i
,
S
.
S
a
h
n
o
u
n
,
E
.
C
h
e
t
o
u
a
n
i
,
a
n
d
M
.
A
o
u
t
o
u
l
,
“
C
o
m
p
a
r
a
t
i
v
e
a
p
p
l
i
c
a
t
i
o
n
o
f
t
h
e
s
e
l
f
-
a
d
a
p
t
i
v
e
f
u
z
z
y
-
p
i
c
o
n
t
r
o
l
l
e
r
f
o
r
a
w
i
n
d
e
n
e
r
g
y
c
o
n
v
e
r
si
o
n
sy
s
t
e
m
c
o
n
n
e
c
t
e
d
t
o
t
h
e
p
o
w
e
r
g
r
i
d
a
n
d
b
a
se
d
o
n
d
f
i
g
,
”
I
n
t
e
rn
a
t
i
o
n
a
l
J
o
u
rn
a
l
o
f
D
y
n
a
m
i
c
s
a
n
d
C
o
n
t
r
o
l
,
v
o
l
.
1
0
,
n
o
.
6
,
p
p
.
2
1
5
1
–
2
1
7
3
,
D
e
c
.
2
0
2
2
,
d
o
i
:
1
0
.
1
0
0
7
/
s4
0
4
3
5
-
022
-
0
0
9
5
2
-
2.
[
1
3
]
A
.
A
c
h
a
r
,
Y
.
D
j
e
r
i
r
i
,
H
.
B
e
n
b
o
u
h
e
n
n
i
,
R
.
B
o
u
d
d
o
u
,
a
n
d
Z.
M
.
S
.
El
b
a
r
b
a
r
y
,
“
M
o
d
i
f
i
e
d
v
e
c
t
o
r
-
c
o
n
t
r
o
l
l
e
d
d
f
i
g
w
i
n
d
e
n
e
r
g
y
s
y
st
e
m
u
si
n
g
r
o
b
u
s
t
mo
d
e
l
p
r
e
d
i
c
t
i
v
e
r
o
t
o
r
c
u
r
r
e
n
t
c
o
n
t
r
o
l
,
”
Ara
b
i
a
n
J
o
u
rn
a
l
f
o
r
S
c
i
e
n
c
e
a
n
d
En
g
i
n
e
e
ri
n
g
,
v
o
l
.
5
0
,
n
o
.
1
4
,
p
p
.
1
1
0
6
5
–
1
1
0
8
9
,
J
u
l
.
2
0
2
5
,
d
o
i
:
1
0
.
1
0
0
7
/
s1
3
3
6
9
-
0
2
4
-
0
9
3
1
0
-
0.
[
1
4
]
A
.
A
.
A
n
sar
i
a
n
d
G
.
D
y
a
n
a
m
i
n
a
,
“
F
a
u
l
t
r
i
d
e
-
t
h
r
o
u
g
h
o
p
e
r
a
t
i
o
n
a
n
a
l
y
s
i
s
o
f
d
o
u
b
l
y
f
e
d
i
n
d
u
c
t
i
o
n
g
e
n
e
r
a
t
o
r
-
b
a
sed
w
i
n
d
e
n
e
r
g
y
c
o
n
v
e
r
si
o
n
s
y
st
e
ms:
a
c
o
m
p
a
r
a
t
i
v
e
r
e
v
i
e
w
,
”
En
e
r
g
i
e
s
,
v
o
l
.
1
5
,
n
o
.
2
1
,
2
0
2
2
,
d
o
i
:
1
0
.
3
3
9
0
/
e
n
1
5
2
1
8
0
2
6
.
[
1
5
]
S
.
R
.
M
o
sa
y
y
e
b
i
,
S
.
H
.
S
h
a
h
a
l
a
mi
,
a
n
d
H
.
M
o
j
a
l
l
a
l
i
,
“
F
a
u
l
t
r
i
d
e
-
t
h
r
o
u
g
h
c
a
p
a
b
i
l
i
t
y
i
m
p
r
o
v
e
m
e
n
t
i
n
a
d
f
i
g
-
b
a
se
d
w
i
n
d
t
u
r
b
i
n
e
u
si
n
g
mo
d
i
f
i
e
d
A
D
R
C
,”
Pro
t
e
c
t
i
o
n
a
n
d
C
o
n
t
r
o
l
o
f
Mo
d
e
r
n
Po
w
e
r
S
y
st
e
m
s
,
v
o
l
.
7
,
n
o
.
1
,
2
0
2
2
,
d
o
i
:
1
0
.
1
1
8
6
/
s
4
1
6
0
1
-
0
2
2
-
0
0
2
7
2
-
9.
[
1
6
]
A
.
M
e
mo
n
,
“
I
mp
r
o
v
e
d
v
e
c
t
o
r
c
o
n
t
r
o
l
me
t
h
o
d
s
f
o
r
b
r
u
sh
l
e
ss
d
o
u
b
l
e
f
e
d
i
n
d
u
c
t
i
o
n
g
e
n
e
r
a
t
o
r
d
u
r
i
n
g
i
n
d
u
c
t
i
v
e
l
o
a
d
a
n
d
f
a
u
l
t
c
o
n
d
i
t
i
o
n
s
,
”
U
n
i
v
e
r
s
i
t
i
T
e
k
n
o
l
o
g
i
M
a
l
a
y
s
i
a
,
2
0
2
2
.
[
1
7
]
L.
A
mi
r
a
,
B
.
Ta
h
a
r
,
a
n
d
M
.
A
b
d
e
l
k
r
i
m,
“
S
t
r
a
t
e
g
y
o
f
s
l
i
d
i
n
g
m
o
d
e
c
o
n
t
r
o
l
w
i
n
d
e
n
e
r
g
y
c
o
n
v
e
r
si
o
n
s
y
st
e
m,”
I
n
t
e
rn
a
t
i
o
n
a
l
J
o
u
rn
a
l
o
f
En
g
i
n
e
e
r
i
n
g
S
c
i
e
n
c
e
a
n
d
Ap
p
l
i
c
a
t
i
o
n
,
v
o
l
.
4
,
n
o
.
4
,
2
0
2
0
.
[
1
8
]
A
.
Ta
n
v
i
r
,
A
.
M
e
r
a
b
e
t
,
a
n
d
R
.
B
e
g
u
e
n
a
n
e
,
“
R
e
a
l
-
t
i
m
e
c
o
n
t
r
o
l
o
f
a
c
t
i
v
e
a
n
d
r
e
a
c
t
i
v
e
p
o
w
e
r
f
o
r
d
o
u
b
l
y
f
e
d
i
n
d
u
c
t
i
o
n
g
e
n
e
r
a
t
o
r
(
D
F
I
G
)
-
b
a
sed
w
i
n
d
e
n
e
r
g
y
c
o
n
v
e
r
si
o
n
s
y
st
e
m,
”
E
n
e
r
g
i
e
s
,
v
o
l
.
8
,
n
o
.
9
,
p
p
.
1
0
3
8
9
–
1
0
4
0
8
,
S
e
p
.
2
0
1
5
,
d
o
i
:
1
0
.
3
3
9
0
/
e
n
8
0
9
1
0
3
8
9
.
[
1
9
]
P
.
M
e
e
n
a
,
V
.
P
r
e
ma,
M
.
S
.
B
h
a
sk
a
r
,
a
n
d
D
.
A
l
ma
k
h
l
e
s
,
“
B
i
-
f
u
r
c
a
t
e
d
s
t
a
t
o
r
w
i
n
d
i
n
g
c
o
n
f
i
g
u
r
a
t
i
o
n
i
n
t
h
r
e
e
-
p
h
a
se
i
n
d
u
c
t
i
o
n
g
e
n
e
r
a
t
o
r
s
f
o
r
w
i
n
d
p
o
w
e
r
g
e
n
e
r
a
t
i
o
n
,
”
I
EEE
Ac
c
e
ss
,
v
o
l
.
9
,
p
p
.
1
5
3
1
8
8
–
1
5
3
1
9
8
,
2
0
2
1
,
d
o
i
:
1
0
.
1
1
0
9
/
A
C
C
ESS
.
2
0
2
1
.
3
1
2
7
5
2
6
.
[
2
0
]
A
.
B
o
u
k
a
d
o
u
m,
T.
B
a
h
i
,
a
n
d
A
.
B
o
u
g
u
e
r
n
e
,
“
P
o
w
e
r
q
u
a
l
i
t
y
i
mp
r
o
v
e
me
n
t
u
s
i
n
g
f
u
z
z
y
l
o
g
i
c
c
o
n
t
r
o
l
l
e
d
v
o
l
t
a
g
e
so
u
r
c
e
P
W
M
r
e
c
t
i
f
i
e
r
s,
”
I
n
t
e
rn
a
t
i
o
n
a
l
J
o
u
r
n
a
l
o
f
I
n
t
e
l
l
i
g
e
n
t
E
n
g
i
n
e
e
r
i
n
g
I
n
f
o
rm
a
t
i
c
s
,
v
o
l
.
5
,
n
o
.
3
,
p
.
2
4
2
,
2
0
1
7
,
d
o
i
:
1
0
.
1
5
0
4
/
i
j
i
e
i
.
2
0
1
7
.
0
8
6
6
1
1
.
[
2
1
]
A
.
A
.
C
h
h
i
p
ą
e
t
a
l
.
,
“
M
o
d
e
l
i
n
g
a
n
d
c
o
n
t
r
o
l
s
t
r
a
t
e
g
y
o
f
w
i
n
d
e
n
e
r
g
y
c
o
n
v
e
r
si
o
n
s
y
s
t
e
m
w
i
t
h
g
r
i
d
-
c
o
n
n
e
c
t
e
d
d
o
u
b
l
y
-
f
e
d
i
n
d
u
c
t
i
o
n
g
e
n
e
r
a
t
o
r
,
”
En
e
rg
i
e
s
,
v
o
l
.
1
5
,
n
o
.
1
8
,
2
0
2
2
,
d
o
i
:
1
0
.
3
3
9
0
/
e
n
1
5
1
8
6
6
9
4
.
[
2
2
]
P
.
K
.
N
i
r
a
l
a
,
R
.
B
h
u
s
h
a
n
,
a
n
d
K
.
M
.
Jag
t
a
p
,
“
I
mp
a
c
t
o
f
g
r
i
d
-
si
d
e
c
o
n
v
e
r
t
e
r
f
i
l
t
e
r
o
n
t
h
e
sm
a
l
l
-
si
g
n
a
l
s
t
a
b
i
l
i
t
y
o
f
a
g
r
i
d
-
c
o
n
n
e
c
t
e
d
d
f
i
g
-
b
a
se
d
w
i
n
d
-
d
r
i
v
e
n
s
y
st
e
m,
”
I
n
t
e
rn
a
t
i
o
n
a
l
J
o
u
rn
a
l
o
f
C
i
r
c
u
i
t
T
h
e
o
ry
a
n
d
Ap
p
l
i
c
a
t
i
o
n
s
,
v
o
l
.
5
3
,
n
o
.
1
1
,
p
p
.
6
6
2
1
–
6
6
3
7
,
2
0
2
5
,
d
o
i
:
1
0
.
1
0
0
2
/
c
t
a
.
4
4
6
4
.
[
2
3
]
S
.
Lu
e
t
a
l
.
,
“
S
p
a
c
e
v
e
c
t
o
r
p
u
l
se
w
i
d
t
h
mo
d
u
l
a
t
i
o
n
st
r
a
t
e
g
y
f
o
r
m
o
d
u
l
a
r
m
u
l
t
i
l
e
v
e
l
c
o
n
v
e
r
t
e
r
s
i
n
p
o
w
e
r
s
y
st
e
m,
”
I
E
T
C
y
b
e
r
-
P
h
y
s
i
c
a
l
S
y
s
t
e
m
s:
T
h
e
o
ry
& A
p
p
l
i
c
a
t
i
o
n
s
,
v
o
l
.
8
,
n
o
.
3
,
p
p
.
1
8
6
–
1
9
4
,
S
e
p
.
2
0
2
3
,
d
o
i
:
1
0
.
1
0
4
9
/
c
p
s
2
.
1
2
0
5
2
.
[
2
4
]
H
.
G
a
smi
,
H
.
B
e
n
b
o
u
h
e
n
n
i
,
I
.
C
o
l
a
k
,
T.
Ta
f
t
i
c
h
t
,
a
n
d
N
.
B
i
z
o
n
,
“
U
s
i
n
g
t
h
e
p
r
o
p
o
r
t
i
o
n
a
l
d
u
a
l
i
n
t
e
g
r
a
l
s
t
r
a
t
e
g
y
t
o
i
m
p
r
o
v
e
t
h
e
c
h
a
r
a
c
t
e
r
i
s
t
i
c
s
o
f
t
h
e
i
n
d
i
r
e
c
t
f
i
e
l
d
-
o
r
i
e
n
t
e
d
c
o
n
t
r
o
l
o
f
D
F
I
G
-
b
a
sed
w
i
n
d
t
u
r
b
i
n
e
sy
s
t
e
ms
,
”
e
-
Pr
i
m
e
-
Ad
v
a
n
c
e
s
i
n
El
e
c
t
ri
c
a
l
En
g
i
n
e
e
ri
n
g
,
E
l
e
c
t
r
o
n
i
c
s
a
n
d
E
n
e
rg
y
,
v
o
l
.
9
,
p
.
1
0
0
7
4
9
,
S
e
p
.
2
0
2
4
,
d
o
i
:
1
0
.
1
0
1
6
/
j
.
p
r
i
me
.
2
0
2
4
.
1
0
0
7
4
9
.
[
2
5
]
A
.
R
a
d
a
i
d
e
h
,
M
.
B
o
d
o
o
r
,
a
n
d
A
.
A
l
-
Q
u
r
a
a
n
,
“
A
c
t
i
v
e
a
n
d
r
e
a
c
t
i
v
e
p
o
w
e
r
c
o
n
t
r
o
l
f
o
r
w
i
n
d
t
u
r
b
i
n
e
s
b
a
se
d
D
F
I
G
u
si
n
g
LQ
R
c
o
n
t
r
o
l
l
e
r
w
i
t
h
o
p
t
i
ma
l
g
a
i
n
-
sch
e
d
u
l
i
n
g
,
”
J
o
u
rn
a
l
o
f
El
e
c
t
ri
c
a
l
a
n
d
C
o
m
p
u
t
e
r
En
g
i
n
e
e
ri
n
g
,
v
o
l
.
2
0
2
1
,
p
p
.
1
–
1
9
,
O
c
t
.
2
0
2
1
,
d
o
i
:
1
0
.
1
1
5
5
/
2
0
2
1
/
1
2
1
8
2
3
6
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.