I
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t
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l J
o
urna
l o
f
Adv
a
nces in Applie
d Science
s
(
I
J
AAS)
Vo
l.
1
5
,
No
.
3
,
Sep
tem
b
er
20
2
6
,
p
p
.
9
6
4
~
9
7
4
I
SS
N:
2252
-
8
8
1
4
,
DOI
:
1
0
.
1
1
5
9
1
/ijaas
.
v
1
5
.
i
3
.
pp
964
-
9
7
4
964
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Dep
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[
1
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.
T
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e
b
r
an
,
r
esu
lted
in
a
h
ig
h
er
s
q
u
alen
e
y
ield
o
f
1
4
%
[
5
]
.
Fig
u
r
e
1
.
A
ma
r
a
n
th
u
s
d
u
b
iu
s
Sq
u
alen
e
i
s
a
h
ig
h
-
v
alu
e
n
atu
r
al
co
m
p
o
u
n
d
with
s
ig
n
if
ican
t
ap
p
licatio
n
s
in
co
s
m
etics,
n
u
tr
ac
eu
ticals,
an
d
p
h
ar
m
ac
e
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ticals
d
u
e
to
its
an
tio
x
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a
n
t
an
d
s
k
in
-
p
r
o
tectiv
e
p
r
o
p
er
ties
[
6
]
.
W
h
ile
s
ev
er
al
o
ils
ee
d
s
ar
e
k
n
o
wn
f
o
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s
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A
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a
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th
u
s
d
u
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iu
s
s
tan
d
s
o
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t
as
a
p
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m
is
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g
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n
d
er
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tili
ze
d
s
o
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r
ce
,
esp
ec
ially
g
iv
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its
h
i
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s
q
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y
ield
r
elativ
e
to
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o
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a
n
d
its
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ap
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b
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to
tr
o
p
ical
clim
ates,
m
ak
in
g
i
t
a
s
u
s
tain
ab
le
ca
n
d
id
ate
f
o
r
lo
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l
-
s
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le
cu
ltiv
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n
in
So
u
th
ea
s
t
Asi
a.
T
r
ad
itio
n
ally
,
o
il
e
x
tr
ac
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n
h
as
b
ee
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p
er
f
o
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m
ed
m
ec
h
an
ically
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b
u
t
c
h
em
ical
ex
tr
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n
m
eth
o
d
s
o
f
f
er
s
ig
n
i
f
ican
tly
h
ig
h
er
ef
f
icien
cy
[
7
]
.
I
n
ch
em
ical
ex
tr
ac
tio
n
,
th
e
ch
o
ic
e
o
f
s
o
lv
en
t
an
d
ex
tr
ac
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n
m
e
th
o
d
p
lay
s
a
p
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o
tal
r
o
le
in
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eter
m
in
in
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y
ield
.
At
th
e
b
eg
in
n
in
g
o
f
t
h
e
d
ev
elo
p
m
en
t
o
f
ch
em
ical
ex
tr
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o
f
o
il,
th
e
s
o
lv
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t
s
co
m
m
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ly
u
s
ed
wer
e
ch
lo
r
o
f
o
r
m
an
d
m
et
h
an
o
l
[
8
]
.
Ho
wev
er
,
n
-
h
ex
a
n
e
h
as
b
ec
o
m
e
th
e
p
r
ed
o
m
in
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n
t
s
o
lv
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t
d
u
e
to
its
h
ig
h
y
ield
an
d
p
u
r
if
icatio
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ca
p
a
b
ilit
ies.
Un
f
o
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tu
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atel
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,
n
-
h
ex
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n
e
is
cl
ass
if
ied
as
a
p
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llu
tan
t
b
y
th
e
U.
S.
E
n
v
ir
o
n
m
en
tal
Pro
tectio
n
Ag
en
c
y
[
9
]
,
n
ec
e
s
s
itatin
g
th
e
ex
p
lo
r
atio
n
o
f
alter
n
ativ
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en
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m
en
tally
f
r
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ly
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.
Mo
d
er
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ex
tr
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tech
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iq
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es,
s
u
ch
as
u
ltra
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o
u
n
d
-
as
s
is
ted
ex
tr
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(
UAE
)
[
1
0
]
,
p
r
ess
u
r
ized
liq
u
id
ex
tr
ac
tio
n
[
1
1
]
,
s
u
p
er
cr
itical
f
l
u
id
ex
tr
ac
tio
n
[
1
2
]
,
an
d
m
icr
o
wav
e
-
ass
is
ted
ex
tr
ac
tio
n
[
1
3
]
,
h
av
e
d
em
o
n
s
tr
ated
s
u
p
er
io
r
r
esu
lts
co
m
p
ar
ed
to
c
o
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v
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tio
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al
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eth
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s
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R
ec
en
t a
d
v
an
ce
m
en
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h
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le
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to
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ad
o
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“
g
r
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v
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”
as a
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ex
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e.
T
h
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s
o
lv
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n
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teg
o
r
ized
in
to
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io
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ased
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u
p
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cr
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,
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tectic
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an
d
en
z
y
m
atic
ex
tr
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n
m
et
h
o
d
s
[
1
4
]
.
T
h
e
ex
tr
ac
tio
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p
r
o
c
ess
is
in
f
lu
en
ce
d
b
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ev
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p
a
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am
eter
s
,
in
clu
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in
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th
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lv
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t
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to
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s
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tem
p
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all
o
f
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m
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s
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tim
iz
ed
to
m
ax
im
ize
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il
y
ield
[
1
5
]
.
Gr
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n
s
o
lv
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ar
e
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f
r
o
m
r
e
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le
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r
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izin
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waste
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m
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.
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h
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ch
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r
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ter
ized
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w
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x
icity
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io
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eg
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a
d
ab
ilit
y
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an
d
th
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ab
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to
b
e
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cled
[
1
6
]
.
Am
o
n
g
th
ese,
ter
p
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h
av
e
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m
er
g
ed
as
a
p
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is
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f
g
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s
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T
er
p
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wh
ich
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ally
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r
r
in
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o
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n
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s
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n
d
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n
p
lan
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,
o
f
f
er
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ev
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v
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ta
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es,
in
clu
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in
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a
h
ig
h
s
o
lv
e
n
cy
p
o
wer
s
im
ilar
to
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h
e
x
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e,
a
h
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g
h
er
f
lash
p
o
in
t,
an
d
a
l
o
wer
en
v
ir
o
n
m
en
tal
f
o
o
tp
r
i
n
t,
alig
n
in
g
well
with
g
r
ee
n
c
h
em
is
tr
y
p
r
in
cip
les
[
1
7
]
.
T
er
p
en
o
id
s
d
er
iv
ed
f
r
o
m
n
atu
r
al
s
o
u
r
ce
s
,
s
u
ch
as
p
-
cy
m
en
e
an
d
α
-
p
i
n
en
e
,
wh
ic
h
ar
e
c
o
n
tain
ed
in
ter
p
e
n
es f
r
o
m
p
in
e
tr
ee
s
[
1
8
]
,
[
1
9
]
.
Mo
s
t
s
tu
d
ies
o
n
ter
p
en
es
as
g
r
ee
n
s
o
l
v
en
ts
f
o
cu
s
o
n
ter
p
e
n
es
ex
tr
ac
ted
f
r
o
m
ess
en
tial
o
il
s
,
b
u
t
th
eir
ap
p
licatio
n
in
th
e
UAE
o
f
o
il f
r
o
m
A
ma
r
a
n
th
u
s
d
u
b
iu
s
r
em
ai
n
s
u
n
ex
p
lo
r
ed
.
Fu
r
th
e
r
m
o
r
e
,
wh
ile
s
q
u
alen
e
-
r
ich
o
ils
f
r
o
m
o
th
e
r
s
o
u
r
ce
s
(
e.
g
.
,
s
h
ar
k
liv
er
an
d
o
liv
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h
a
v
e
b
ee
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s
tu
d
ied
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te
n
s
iv
ely
,
th
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u
s
e
o
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ter
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to
s
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u
ltan
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ly
o
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tim
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d
s
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ale
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e
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A
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s
s
p
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u
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r
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e
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f
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(
R
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o
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I
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d
o
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a
h
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f
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,
m
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it
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af
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to
u
s
e
th
an
o
th
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s
o
lv
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th
at
ar
e
wid
ely
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b
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b
ased
s
o
lv
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s
ar
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clo
p
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ty
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m
eth
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ester
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2
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m
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ltetr
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o
f
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r
a
n
(
2
-
Me
T
HF)
,
an
d
eth
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l
ac
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[
1
2
]
.
Oth
er
g
r
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n
s
o
lv
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ts
,
s
u
ch
as
io
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liq
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d
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,
ar
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o
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-
a
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s
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alts
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at
m
elt
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n
d
er
100
°
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co
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a
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o
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h
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o
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A
d
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e
u
tectic
s
o
lv
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q
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ir
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y
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d
d
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n
o
m
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al
to
p
r
ep
ar
e
th
an
io
n
ic
liq
u
id
s
[
2
0
]
–
[
2
2
]
.
T
h
e
i
n
teg
r
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n
o
f
a
lo
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t
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
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tr
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ased
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p
en
es,
th
r
o
u
g
h
th
e
R
SM.
B
y
f
o
cu
s
in
g
o
n
th
e
o
p
tim
izatio
n
o
f
e
x
tr
ac
tio
n
p
ar
am
eter
s
an
d
th
e
c
h
ar
a
cter
i
za
tio
n
o
f
th
e
o
il
p
r
o
d
u
c
ed
,
th
is
s
tu
d
y
s
ee
k
s
to
co
n
tr
ib
u
te
to
th
e
d
e
v
elo
p
m
e
n
t
o
f
in
n
o
v
ativ
e
a
n
d
s
u
s
tain
ab
le
f
o
o
d
a
n
d
c
o
s
m
etic
p
r
o
d
u
cts
d
er
iv
ed
f
r
o
m
lo
ca
l
r
eso
u
r
ce
s
.
T
h
e
f
in
d
in
g
s
ar
e
an
ticip
ated
to
p
r
o
v
id
e
a
s
u
s
tain
ab
le
alter
n
ativ
e
to
co
n
v
en
tio
n
al
s
o
lv
en
ts
,
p
r
o
m
o
tin
g
en
v
ir
o
n
m
en
tal
s
u
s
tain
ab
ilit
y
an
d
ec
o
n
o
m
ic
g
r
o
wt
h
.
2.
RE
S
E
ARCH
M
E
T
H
O
D
2
.
1
.
Ra
w
m
a
t
er
ia
ls
Flo
wer
s
an
d
s
ee
d
s
o
f
A
ma
r
a
n
th
u
s
d
u
b
iu
s
wer
e
h
a
n
d
p
i
ck
ed
f
r
o
m
Yo
g
y
ak
ar
ta
Pro
v
in
ce
.
T
h
e
co
llected
f
lo
wer
s
an
d
s
ee
d
s
w
er
e
air
-
d
r
ied
u
n
d
er
n
atu
r
al
s
u
n
lig
h
t,
an
d
th
e
s
ee
d
s
wer
e
s
u
b
s
eq
u
en
tly
h
ar
v
ested
.
T
h
e
d
r
ied
s
ee
d
s
wer
e
th
en
g
r
o
u
n
d
with
a
m
o
r
tar
an
d
p
estl
e
to
p
r
o
d
u
ce
a
f
in
e
p
o
wd
er
with
a
co
n
s
is
ten
t p
ar
ticle
s
ize
o
f
2
0
0
m
esh
.
T
h
is
p
o
wd
er
was
s
to
r
ed
at
−5
°
C
f
o
r
p
r
eser
v
atio
n
.
T
h
e
ter
p
en
e
as
s
o
lv
en
t
was
p
u
r
ch
ased
f
r
o
m
PT
PP
C
I
Pem
alan
g
,
I
n
d
o
n
esia.
2
.
2
.
Det
er
m
ina
t
io
n o
f
s
o
lv
en
t
co
m
po
s
it
io
n
T
h
e
m
eth
o
d
o
lo
g
y
f
o
r
d
eter
m
i
n
in
g
th
e
c
o
m
p
o
s
itio
n
o
f
ter
p
e
n
es
u
s
ed
as
a
s
o
lv
en
t
was
u
s
in
g
F
o
u
r
ier
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
in
f
r
ar
ed
s
p
ec
tr
o
s
co
p
y
(
FTI
R
)
.
T
er
p
en
es
as
a
g
r
ee
n
s
o
lv
en
t
w
er
e
s
u
b
jecte
d
t
o
FTI
R
an
aly
s
is
to
id
en
tify
f
u
n
ctio
n
al
g
r
o
u
p
s
an
d
ch
ar
ac
ter
ize
th
e
m
o
lecu
lar
s
tr
u
ctu
r
e.
T
h
is
tech
n
iq
u
e
p
r
o
v
id
ed
in
s
ig
h
ts
in
to
th
e
p
r
esen
ce
o
f
s
p
ec
if
ic
ch
em
ic
al
b
o
n
d
s
an
d
f
u
n
ctio
n
al
g
r
o
u
p
s
with
in
th
e
o
il,
allo
win
g
f
o
r
a
p
r
elim
in
ar
y
ass
es
s
m
en
t
o
f
its
co
m
p
o
s
itio
n
.
T
h
e
r
esu
ltin
g
c
h
r
o
m
ato
g
r
a
m
s
wer
e
an
aly
ze
d
to
i
d
en
tif
y
an
d
q
u
a
n
tify
t
h
e
in
d
iv
id
u
al
b
io
ac
tiv
e
co
m
p
o
u
n
d
s
p
r
esen
t
in
th
e
ter
p
en
es,
th
er
e
b
y
p
r
o
v
id
in
g
a
co
m
p
r
eh
e
n
s
iv
e
p
r
o
f
ile
o
f
th
e
s
o
lv
en
t
’
s
co
m
p
o
s
itio
n
.
2
.
3
.
Ult
r
a
s
o
un
d
-
a
s
s
is
t
e
d o
il e
x
t
ra
ct
io
n
T
h
e
A
ma
r
a
n
th
u
s
d
u
b
iu
s
s
ee
d
o
il wa
s
ex
tr
ac
ted
u
s
in
g
a
s
o
n
ic
ato
r
o
p
er
atin
g
at
5
0
0
W
an
d
a
f
r
eq
u
e
n
cy
o
f
5
0
k
Hz
in
an
u
ltra
s
o
u
n
d
b
a
th
.
Du
r
in
g
f
iltra
tio
n
,
a
f
ilter
p
ap
er
was
u
s
ed
to
r
em
o
v
e
s
o
li
d
s
f
r
o
m
th
e
s
am
p
le.
A
r
o
tar
y
v
ac
u
u
m
e
v
ap
o
r
ato
r
was
u
s
ed
to
r
em
o
v
e
an
y
s
o
lv
en
t
lef
t
at
9
0
°
C
.
T
h
e
y
ield
o
f
th
e
A
ma
r
a
n
th
u
s
d
u
b
iu
s
s
ee
d
o
il
was
ca
lcu
lated
u
s
in
g
(
1
)
,
w
h
er
e
1
is
th
e
m
ass
o
f
o
il
o
b
tain
e
d
f
r
o
m
th
e
ex
tr
a
cted
s
am
p
le
an
d
2
is
th
e
m
ass
o
f
th
e
s
ee
d
s
am
p
l
e.
%
=
1
/
2
(
1
)
2
.
4
.
Respo
ns
e
s
urf
a
ce
m
et
ho
do
lo
g
y
o
pti
m
iza
t
io
n desi
g
n
R
SM
wa
s
u
tili
ze
d
to
id
en
tify
th
e
id
ea
l
co
n
d
itio
n
s
f
o
r
o
il
ex
tr
ac
tio
n
.
B
u
ild
in
g
o
n
th
e
f
in
d
i
n
g
s
f
r
o
m
s
in
g
le
-
f
ac
to
r
ex
p
e
r
im
en
ts
,
a
B
o
x
-
B
eh
n
k
en
d
esig
n
(
B
B
D)
was
co
n
d
u
cted
,
in
co
r
p
o
r
atin
g
th
r
ee
in
d
ep
en
d
e
n
t
v
ar
iab
les:
A
(
s
o
lv
en
t
–
s
o
lid
r
atio
)
,
B
(
ex
tr
ac
tio
n
tem
p
er
at
u
r
e)
,
an
d
C
(
ex
tr
ac
tio
n
tim
e)
,
ea
c
h
ev
alu
ated
at
th
r
ee
d
if
f
er
en
t
lev
els
o
n
2
r
e
p
licatio
n
s
.
T
h
e
d
a
ta
g
ath
er
ed
f
r
o
m
th
ese
ex
p
er
im
en
ts
wer
e
an
aly
ze
d
u
s
in
g
a
s
ec
o
n
d
-
o
r
d
er
p
o
ly
n
o
m
ial
eq
u
atio
n
.
T
h
e
r
esp
o
n
s
e
r
eg
r
ess
io
n
eq
u
atio
n
was
d
ev
elo
p
e
d
b
as
ed
o
n
t
h
is
an
aly
s
is
.
T
h
e
d
ata
o
b
tain
ed
f
r
o
m
th
ese
ex
p
er
im
e
n
ts
wer
e
an
aly
ze
d
u
s
in
g
a
s
ec
o
n
d
-
o
r
d
er
p
o
ly
n
o
m
ial
eq
u
ati
o
n
.
T
h
e
r
esp
o
n
s
e
r
eg
r
ess
io
n
e
q
u
atio
n
was f
o
r
m
u
lated
ac
co
r
d
in
g
to
(
2
)
.
=
0
+
∑
=
1
+
∑
2
=
1
+
∑
∑
<
=
2
+
(
2
)
All
ex
p
er
im
en
ts
wer
e
co
n
d
u
c
ted
r
an
d
o
m
l
y
to
m
in
im
ize
th
e
in
f
lu
en
ce
o
f
s
y
s
tem
atic
er
r
o
r
s
o
n
th
e
o
u
tco
m
es.
A
n
aly
s
is
o
f
v
ar
ian
c
e
(
ANOV
A)
was
u
tili
ze
d
to
a
s
s
es
s
th
e
s
tatis
tical
s
ig
n
if
ican
ce
o
f
th
e
r
eg
r
ess
io
n
m
o
d
el,
wh
ile
th
e
in
ter
ac
tio
n
ef
f
ec
ts
o
f
ea
ch
v
ar
iab
le
wer
e
ev
alu
ated
u
s
in
g
th
e
P
v
alu
e.
A
s
y
s
tem
atic
ex
p
lo
r
atio
n
o
f
th
ese
p
a
r
am
et
er
s
was
co
n
d
u
cte
d
u
s
in
g
a
3
-
f
ac
to
r
s
o
lv
en
t
-
to
-
s
o
lid
r
atio
,
tem
p
er
atu
r
e,
a
n
d
ex
tr
ac
tio
n
tim
e
at
a
3
-
lev
el
a
p
p
r
o
ac
h
,
y
ield
in
g
a
to
tal
o
f
6
d
eg
r
ee
s
o
f
f
r
ee
d
o
m
.
T
h
ese
f
a
cto
r
s
wer
e
f
o
u
n
d
to
s
ig
n
if
ican
tly
in
f
lu
e
n
ce
th
e
y
ie
ld
,
with
co
m
p
r
eh
e
n
s
iv
e
d
etail
s
p
r
o
v
id
e
d
f
o
r
ea
c
h
f
ac
to
r
an
d
its
co
r
r
esp
o
n
d
in
g
lev
els,
as p
r
esen
ted
in
T
ab
le
1
.
T
h
e
r
esu
lts
wer
e
ev
alu
ated
u
s
in
g
Min
itab
s
o
f
twar
e.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
n
t J Ad
v
Ap
p
l Sci
I
SS
N:
2252
-
8
8
1
4
Op
timiz
in
g
o
il e
xtra
ctio
n
fr
o
m
a
ma
r
a
n
th
u
s
d
u
b
iu
s
s
ee
d
s
u
s
in
g
r
esp
o
n
s
e
s
u
r
fa
ce
…
(
R
a
ch
m
a
Tia
E
vita
s
a
r
i
)
967
T
ab
le
1
.
Pro
ce
s
s
p
ar
am
ete
r
o
p
tim
izatio
n
d
esig
n
V
a
r
i
a
b
l
e
C
o
d
e
Le
v
e
l
1
Le
v
e
l
2
Le
v
e
l
3
S
o
l
v
e
n
t
t
o
s
o
l
i
d
r
a
t
i
o
(
mL
/
0
.
1
g
)
A
4
6
8
Te
mp
e
r
a
t
u
r
e
(
°
C)
B
30
45
60
Ex
t
r
a
c
t
i
o
n
t
i
me
(
m
i
n
)
C
30
60
90
3.
RE
SU
L
T
S AN
D
D
I
SCU
SS
I
O
N
3
.
1
.
Det
er
m
ina
t
io
n o
f
t
er
pe
nes
s
o
lv
ent
co
m
po
s
it
io
n
T
h
e
ter
p
en
es
co
m
p
o
s
itio
n
o
f
th
e
s
o
lv
en
t
was
d
eter
m
in
ed
t
h
r
o
u
g
h
FTI
R
an
aly
s
is
,
as
illu
s
tr
ated
in
Fig
u
r
e
2
.
T
h
is
an
aly
s
is
p
r
o
v
id
es
in
s
ig
h
ts
in
to
th
e
c
o
m
p
o
s
iti
o
n
o
f
ter
p
e
n
o
id
s
p
r
esen
t
in
t
h
e
ter
p
en
e’
s
s
o
lv
e
n
t.
FTI
R
r
esu
lt
in
d
icate
s
th
at
th
e
ter
p
en
es
s
o
lv
en
t
c
o
n
tain
s
v
a
r
io
u
s
ter
p
e
n
o
id
s
s
u
c
h
as
α
-
p
in
en
e,
-
p
in
en
e
a
n
d
ca
m
p
h
en
e.
T
h
e
FTI
R
s
p
ec
tr
u
m
o
f
th
e
ter
p
en
es
’
s
o
lv
en
t
d
is
p
lay
s
ab
s
o
r
p
tio
n
b
an
d
s
th
at
ar
e
ch
ar
ac
ter
is
tic
o
f
ca
m
p
h
en
e,
a
m
o
n
o
ter
p
en
o
id
co
m
p
o
u
n
d
.
Pr
o
m
in
en
t
alip
h
atic
C
–
H
s
tr
etch
in
g
v
ib
r
atio
n
s
o
f
–
CH
2
–
an
d
–
CH
3
g
r
o
u
p
s
ap
p
ea
r
n
ea
r
2
,
9
1
6
cm
-
1
,
in
d
icatin
g
th
e
p
r
esen
ce
o
f
alk
y
l
ch
ain
s
ty
p
ical
o
f
ter
p
e
n
e
h
y
d
r
o
ca
r
b
o
n
s
.
A
s
y
m
m
etr
ic
C
H
3
d
ef
o
r
m
atio
n
b
an
d
ar
o
u
n
d
1
3
6
5
cm
-
1
s
u
p
p
o
r
ts
a
b
r
an
ch
ed
-
h
y
d
r
o
ca
r
b
o
n
s
tr
u
ctu
r
e,
wh
ile
an
ar
o
m
atic/cy
clic
C
–
H
b
en
d
in
g
b
an
d
at
≈
7
8
6
cm
-
1
r
ef
lects
r
in
g
-
ty
p
e
m
o
tifs,
s
u
g
g
esti
n
g
a
cy
clic
f
r
am
ewo
r
k
.
I
n
ad
d
itio
n
,
t
h
e
in
f
r
ar
ed
s
p
ec
tr
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u
r
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I
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Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
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v
Ap
p
l Sci
I
SS
N:
2252
-
8
8
1
4
Op
timiz
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I
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Ap
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2252
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Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.