T
E
L
K
O
M
NIKA
T
elec
o
mm
un
ica
t
io
n Co
m
pu
t
i
ng
E
lect
ro
nics
a
nd
Co
ntr
o
l
Vo
l.
24
,
No
.
5
,
Octo
b
er
20
26
,
p
p
.
1
5
2
6
~
1
5
3
4
I
SS
N:
1
6
9
3
-
6
9
3
0
,
DOI
:
1
0
.
1
2
9
2
8
/
T
E
L
KOM
NI
K
A
.
v
24
i
5
.
26692
1526
J
o
ur
na
l ho
m
ep
a
g
e
:
h
ttp
:
//telko
mn
ika
.
u
a
d
.
a
c.
i
d
O
pti
m
i
z
a
tion o
f
M
SM
Es
pro
m
o
ti
o
n strategy
using
G
IS w
ith
ra
ndo
m
forest alg
o
rith
m
and
A
-
sta
r alg
o
rith
m
Su
ly
o
no
1
,
Su
ci
M
utia
ra
1
,
Ag
us
Ra
ha
rdi
2
,
Sri
L
esta
ri
1
,
Yu
l
m
a
i
ni
1
,
Ru
ki Riza
l N
ul F
i
k
r
i
3
,
Ali
Sy
a
rif
ud
din
1
1
D
e
p
a
r
t
me
n
t
of
I
n
f
o
r
mat
i
c
s
E
n
g
i
n
e
e
r
i
n
g
,
F
a
c
u
l
t
y
o
f
C
o
mp
u
t
e
r
S
c
i
e
n
c
e
,
D
a
r
maj
a
y
a
I
n
st
i
t
u
t
e
o
f
I
n
f
o
r
mat
i
c
s
a
n
d
B
u
si
n
e
ss
,
B
a
n
d
a
r
L
a
mp
u
n
g
,
L
a
mp
u
n
g
,
I
n
d
o
n
e
si
a
2
D
e
p
a
r
t
me
n
t
o
f
I
n
f
o
r
mat
i
o
n
S
y
st
e
m,
F
a
c
u
l
t
y
o
f
C
o
mp
u
t
e
r
S
c
i
e
n
c
e
,
D
a
r
m
a
j
a
y
a
I
n
st
i
t
u
t
e
o
f
I
n
f
o
r
mat
i
c
s
a
n
d
B
u
si
n
e
ss
,
B
a
n
d
a
r
L
a
mp
u
n
g
,
L
a
mp
u
n
g
,
I
n
d
o
n
e
si
a
3
D
e
p
a
r
t
me
n
t
o
f
D
a
t
a
S
c
i
e
n
c
e
,
F
a
c
u
l
t
y
o
f
C
o
mp
u
t
e
r
S
c
i
e
n
c
e
,
D
a
r
m
a
j
a
y
a
I
n
st
i
t
u
t
e
o
f
I
n
f
o
r
mat
i
c
s
a
n
d
B
u
si
n
e
ss
,
B
a
n
d
a
r
L
a
mp
u
n
g
,
L
a
mp
u
n
g
,
I
n
d
o
n
e
si
a
Art
icle
I
nfo
AB
ST
RAC
T
A
r
ticle
his
to
r
y:
R
ec
eiv
ed
Sep
23
,
2
0
2
4
R
ev
i
s
ed
J
u
n
29
,
2026
A
cc
ep
ted
A
u
g
28
,
2026
M
icro
,
sm
a
ll
,
a
n
d
m
e
d
iu
m
e
n
ter
p
rise
s
(M
S
M
Es)
m
a
k
e
a
m
a
in
c
o
n
tri
b
u
t
io
n
to
im
p
ro
v
in
g
a
c
o
u
n
try
’
s
e
c
o
n
o
m
y
,
b
u
t
it
stil
l
f
a
c
e
s
v
a
rio
u
s
p
ro
b
lem
s
in
c
lu
d
in
g
li
m
it
e
d
m
a
r
k
e
t
a
c
c
e
ss
,
in
e
ff
e
c
ti
v
e
p
ro
m
o
ti
o
n
,
a
n
d
lac
k
o
f
u
n
d
e
rsta
n
d
i
n
g
in
b
u
sin
e
ss
p
r
o
f
il
e
s.
T
h
e
p
u
r
p
o
se
o
f
th
is
st
u
d
y
is
to
d
e
sig
n
a
g
e
o
g
ra
p
h
ic
in
f
o
rm
a
ti
o
n
sy
ste
m
(
G
IS
)
c
o
m
b
in
e
d
w
it
h
th
e
ra
n
d
o
m
f
or
e
st
(RF
)
a
lg
o
rit
h
m
a
n
d
th
e
A
-
sta
r
a
lg
o
rit
h
m
.
T
h
e
RF
a
lg
o
rit
h
m
f
u
n
c
ti
o
n
s
a
re
to
c
las
si
fy
M
S
M
Es.
M
e
a
n
w
h
il
e
,
t
h
e
A
-
sta
r
a
lg
o
rit
h
m
is
to
re
c
o
m
m
e
n
d
th
e
sh
o
rtes
t
ro
u
te
to
su
p
p
o
rt
a
c
c
e
ss
ib
il
it
y
.
In
a
d
d
i
ti
o
n
,
it
is
e
q
u
i
p
p
e
d
w
it
h
a
d
a
sh
b
o
a
rd
a
n
d
M
S
M
Es
p
ro
f
il
e
a
s
a
re
f
e
r
e
n
c
e
f
o
r
sta
k
e
h
o
ld
e
rs
in
m
a
k
in
g
M
S
M
Es
d
e
v
e
lo
p
m
e
n
t
p
o
li
c
ies
a
n
d
a
s
in
f
o
rm
a
ti
o
n
to
th
e
p
u
b
li
c
i
n
o
rd
e
r
t
o
e
x
p
a
n
d
t
h
e
re
a
c
h
o
f
p
r
o
m
o
ti
o
n
i
n
in
tr
o
d
u
c
in
g
M
S
M
Es
a
n
d
a
tt
ra
c
ti
n
g
in
v
e
sto
rs,
th
u
s
o
p
ti
m
izin
g
M
S
M
Es
p
r
o
m
o
ti
o
n
stra
teg
ies
.
In
a
d
d
it
i
o
n
,
t
h
e
e
v
a
lu
a
ti
o
n
re
su
lt
s
o
f
th
e
c
las
sif
i
c
a
ti
o
n
m
o
d
e
l
sh
o
w
a
n
a
c
c
u
ra
c
y
v
a
lu
e
o
f
9
9
.
6
%
,
i
n
d
ica
ti
n
g
t
h
a
t
t
h
e
m
o
d
e
l
is
a
b
le
t
o
p
re
d
ict
v
e
ry
w
e
ll
,
m
a
k
in
g
it
h
ig
h
ly
re
c
o
m
m
e
n
d
e
d
f
o
r
M
S
M
E
c
las
si
f
ica
ti
o
n
.
K
ey
w
o
r
d
s
:
A
-
s
tar
Geo
g
r
ap
h
ic
in
f
o
r
m
a
tio
n
s
y
s
te
m
Mic
r
o
,
s
m
all,
an
d
m
ed
iu
m
e
n
ter
p
r
is
es
P
r
o
m
o
tio
n
s
tr
ate
g
y
R
an
d
o
m
f
o
r
est
T
h
is i
s
a
n
o
p
e
n
a
c
c
e
ss
a
rticle
u
n
d
e
r th
e
CC B
Y
-
SA
li
c
e
n
se
.
C
o
r
r
e
s
p
o
nd
ing
A
uth
o
r
:
Sri
L
es
tar
i
Dep
ar
t
m
en
t o
f
I
n
f
o
r
m
atic
s
E
n
g
in
ee
r
i
n
g
,
Facu
lt
y
o
f
C
o
m
p
u
te
r
Scien
ce
I
n
s
tit
u
t I
n
f
o
r
m
a
tik
a
d
a
n
B
is
n
i
s
Dar
m
aj
ay
a
Z
A
.
P
ag
ar
A
la
m
St.,
No
.
9
3
G
ed
o
n
g
Me
n
e
n
g
,
B
an
d
ar
L
a
m
p
u
n
g
,
L
a
m
p
u
n
g
,
I
n
d
o
n
e
s
ia
E
m
ail:
s
r
i
lest
ar
i
@
d
ar
m
aj
a
y
a.
a
c.
id
1.
I
NT
RO
D
UCT
I
O
N
Mic
r
o
,
s
m
al
l,
an
d
m
ed
iu
m
en
t
er
p
r
is
es
(
MSM
E
s
)
p
lay
a
v
er
y
i
m
p
o
r
tan
t
r
o
le
in
a
co
u
n
tr
y
’
s
ec
o
n
o
m
y
b
ec
au
s
e
t
h
e
y
ar
e
ab
le
to
cr
ea
te
j
o
b
s
,
in
cr
ea
s
e
in
co
m
e,
a
n
d
s
u
p
p
o
r
t
in
cl
u
s
iv
e
ec
o
n
o
m
ic
g
r
o
w
t
h
.
T
h
e
s
a
m
e
ap
p
lies
to
I
n
d
o
n
esia,
w
h
er
e
MSM
E
s
ar
e
th
e
b
ac
k
b
o
n
e
o
f
th
e
ec
o
n
o
m
y
,
m
ak
in
g
a
s
i
g
n
if
ican
t
co
n
tr
ib
u
tio
n
to
th
e
g
r
o
s
s
d
o
m
e
s
tic
p
r
o
d
u
ct
(
GDP
)
.
Mo
r
eo
v
er
,
MSM
E
s
ab
s
o
r
b
a
lar
g
e
p
o
r
tio
n
o
f
t
h
e
w
o
r
k
f
o
r
ce
[
1
]
-
[
3
]
.
A
lt
h
o
u
g
h
MSM
E
s
h
av
e
g
r
ea
t
p
o
ten
tial,
th
e
y
f
ac
e
v
ar
io
u
s
ch
alle
n
g
e
s
i
n
th
e
ir
ef
f
o
r
ts
to
s
u
r
v
iv
e
a
n
d
g
r
o
w
.
So
m
e
o
f
th
e
c
h
alle
n
g
e
s
f
ac
ed
b
y
MSM
E
s
i
n
cl
u
d
e
li
m
ited
ac
ce
s
s
to
m
ar
k
et
s
.
I
n
ad
d
itio
n
,
th
er
e
is
a
lack
o
f
ef
f
ec
tiv
e
p
r
o
m
o
tio
n
an
d
a
lack
o
f
u
n
d
er
s
ta
n
d
i
n
g
o
f
th
e
tar
g
et
m
ar
k
et
’
s
p
r
o
f
ile
a
n
d
ch
ar
ac
ter
is
tics
[
4
]
,
[
5
]
.
MSM
E
s
i
n
P
esa
w
ar
a
n
R
e
g
en
c
y
also
f
ac
e
s
i
m
ilar
p
r
o
b
lem
s
,
in
clu
d
i
n
g
li
m
ited
m
ar
k
et
ac
c
ess
,
as
t
h
e
m
aj
o
r
ity
o
f
MSM
E
s
s
till
m
ar
k
et
th
eir
p
r
o
d
u
cts
lo
ca
ll
y
an
d
n
o
t
m
a
n
y
h
av
e
en
g
a
g
ed
in
o
n
li
n
e
m
ar
k
et
in
g
to
ex
p
an
d
th
e
ir
m
ar
k
e
t
r
ea
ch
.
I
n
ad
d
itio
n
,
s
o
m
e
MSM
E
s
s
ell
t
h
eir
p
r
o
d
u
cts
in
b
u
lk
to
m
id
d
l
e
m
en
.
T
h
is
is
d
o
n
e
f
o
r
f
aster
f
i
n
an
cia
l
tu
r
n
o
v
er
,
alb
eit
w
it
h
v
er
y
m
in
i
m
al
p
r
o
f
it.
So
m
e
MSM
E
s
ac
to
r
s
f
o
cu
s
m
o
r
e
o
n
p
r
o
d
u
ctio
n
,
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
T
E
L
KOM
NI
K
A
T
elec
o
m
m
u
n
C
o
m
p
u
t E
l
C
o
n
tr
o
l
Op
timiz
a
tio
n
o
f MS
MEs p
r
o
mo
tio
n
s
tr
a
teg
y
u
s
in
g
GI
S
w
ith
r
a
n
d
o
m
fo
r
est a
lg
o
r
ith
m
a
n
d
A
-
s
ta
r
…
(
S
u
lyo
n
o
)
1527
m
ak
in
g
m
ar
k
et
in
g
s
tr
ateg
ie
s
l
ess
o
f
a
p
r
io
r
it
y
.
F
u
r
th
er
m
o
r
e,
th
e
h
u
m
a
n
r
eso
u
r
ce
s
’
ab
ili
t
y
to
u
tili
ze
d
i
g
ita
l
tech
n
o
lo
g
y
r
e
m
ai
n
s
lo
w
.
P
a
ck
ag
i
n
g
h
as
n
o
t
b
ee
n
a
m
aj
o
r
f
o
cu
s
,
w
it
h
m
a
n
y
p
r
o
d
u
cts
b
ein
g
p
ac
k
ag
e
d
m
o
d
e
s
tl
y
,
an
d
t
h
i
s
e
x
ten
d
s
to
t
h
e
lab
eli
n
g
an
d
lo
g
o
s
o
f
MSM
E
s
.
Me
an
w
h
ile,
p
ac
k
ag
in
g
i
s
c
r
u
cial
f
o
r
MSM
E
s
p
r
o
d
u
cts
to
b
e
co
m
p
etiti
v
e
i
n
l
o
ca
l,
n
atio
n
al,
a
n
d
ev
e
n
i
n
ter
n
at
io
n
al
m
ar
k
et
s
.
A
d
d
itio
n
all
y
,
th
er
e
is
s
till
a
lac
k
o
f
u
n
d
er
s
tan
d
i
n
g
r
eg
ar
d
in
g
M
SME
s
p
r
o
f
iles
,
w
h
ic
h
s
er
v
e
a
s
a
w
in
d
o
w
to
s
h
o
w
ca
s
e
t
h
e
v
ar
iet
y
o
f
p
r
o
d
u
cts
an
d
p
o
ten
tial a
v
ai
lab
le
.
T
h
e
g
eo
g
r
ap
h
ic
i
n
f
o
r
m
atio
n
s
y
s
te
m
(
GI
S)
is
a
r
elev
a
n
t
tech
n
o
lo
g
y
to
ad
d
r
ess
s
o
m
e
o
f
th
e
s
e
p
r
o
b
lem
s
.
GI
S
i
s
a
tech
n
o
lo
g
y
f
o
r
co
llecti
n
g
,
p
r
o
ce
s
s
i
n
g
,
a
n
al
y
z
in
g
,
an
d
v
is
u
alizi
n
g
s
p
at
ial
d
ata.
GI
S
ca
n
b
e
u
s
ed
f
o
r
m
ap
p
in
g
an
d
an
al
y
z
in
g
MS
ME
s
clu
s
ter
s
w
it
h
m
o
r
e
ac
cu
r
ate
an
d
c
o
m
p
r
eh
e
n
s
iv
e
r
esu
lt
s
[
6
]
-
[
8
]
.
Sp
atial
i
n
f
o
r
m
atio
n
ab
o
u
t
M
SME
s
lo
ca
tio
n
s
,
s
u
p
p
o
r
tin
g
i
n
f
r
as
tr
u
ct
u
r
e,
m
ar
k
et
ac
ce
s
s
ib
ili
t
y
,
a
n
d
en
v
ir
o
n
m
e
n
tal
f
ac
to
r
s
s
u
c
h
as
g
eo
lo
g
y
,
to
p
o
g
r
ap
h
y
,
an
d
d
e
m
o
g
r
ap
h
ic
s
ca
n
b
e
in
teg
r
ated
in
to
o
n
e
in
teg
r
ated
p
latf
o
r
m
.
Sev
er
al
s
tu
d
ies
h
a
v
e
b
ee
n
co
n
d
u
cted
r
elate
d
to
GI
S
f
o
r
MSM
E
s
,
s
u
c
h
as
t
h
e
r
esear
c
h
b
y
P
tak
-
C
h
m
iele
w
s
k
a
an
d
C
h
ło
ń
-
Do
m
i
ń
cz
ak
[
9
]
,
w
h
o
u
s
ed
th
e
GI
S
to
u
n
d
er
s
ta
n
d
s
p
atial
co
n
d
itio
n
s
th
at
s
u
p
p
o
r
t
MSM
E
s
g
r
o
w
t
h
.
T
h
e
co
n
tr
ib
u
tio
n
o
f
th
is
r
esear
ch
lies
i
n
u
n
d
er
s
ta
n
d
in
g
t
h
e
s
p
atial
f
a
cto
r
s
th
at
i
n
f
lu
e
n
ce
MSM
E
s
d
ev
elo
p
m
en
t
at
th
e
lo
ca
l
lev
el,
as
w
el
l
as
s
u
p
p
o
r
tin
g
d
ec
is
io
n
-
m
a
k
i
n
g
i
n
lo
ca
l
ec
o
n
o
m
ic
d
ev
elo
p
m
en
t
.
F
u
r
th
er
m
o
r
e,
L
eh
an
a
n
d
Ka
m
ar
u
d
i
n
[
1
0
]
u
s
ed
a
g
eo
s
p
atial
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
to
d
ev
elo
p
a
b
u
s
in
ess
co
n
tin
u
it
y
p
la
n
(
B
C
P
)
f
o
r
s
m
all
an
d
m
ed
i
u
m
e
n
ter
p
r
is
es
(
S
ME
s
)
in
Ma
la
y
s
ia
i
n
th
e
p
o
s
t
-
p
an
d
e
m
ic
er
a.
T
h
e
in
te
g
r
atio
n
o
f
s
p
atial
d
ata
in
th
e
B
C
P
p
lan
n
in
g
p
r
o
ce
s
s
is
cr
u
cial,
in
clu
d
i
n
g
r
is
k
m
ap
p
in
g
,
d
is
tan
ce
an
d
ac
ce
s
s
ib
ilit
y
an
al
y
s
is
,
an
d
id
e
n
ti
f
icatio
n
o
f
r
eso
u
r
ce
s
an
d
i
n
f
r
astr
u
ctu
r
e.
SME
s
ca
n
id
en
ti
f
y
ar
ea
s
v
u
ln
er
ab
le
to
p
o
s
t
-
p
an
d
e
m
ic
r
is
k
s
,
o
p
ti
m
i
ze
b
u
s
in
e
s
s
lo
ca
tio
n
s
,
an
d
f
o
r
m
u
late
ef
f
ec
ti
v
e
B
C
P
s
tr
ateg
ie
s
.
Mu
’
ta
m
ar
e
t
a
l
.
[
1
1
]
ex
p
lo
r
e
d
m
ar
k
eti
n
g
u
s
i
n
g
s
o
cial
m
ed
ia
d
u
r
in
g
t
h
e
C
o
r
o
n
av
ir
u
s
Di
s
ea
s
e
2
0
1
9
(
C
OVI
D
-
19)
p
an
d
e
m
ic.
T
h
e
s
tu
d
y
r
es
u
lts
s
h
o
w
ed
t
h
at
t
h
e
u
s
e
o
f
v
ar
io
u
s
s
o
cial
m
ed
ia
p
latf
o
r
m
s
s
u
ch
as
I
n
s
ta
g
r
a
m
,
Face
b
o
o
k
,
an
d
W
h
ats
A
p
p
to
p
r
o
m
o
te
MS
ME
s
p
r
o
d
u
cts
ca
n
m
ai
n
tai
n
cu
s
to
m
er
in
ter
ac
tio
n
,
in
cr
ea
s
e
b
r
an
d
a
w
ar
en
es
s
,
an
d
r
etain
th
eir
m
ar
k
et
s
h
ar
e
.
Ku
m
ar
et
a
l.
[
1
2
]
co
n
d
u
cted
r
esear
ch
o
n
th
e
f
ac
to
r
s
in
f
lu
e
n
ci
n
g
MSM
E
s
to
ad
o
p
t
in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
an
d
co
m
m
u
n
icati
o
n
tech
n
o
lo
g
y
(
I
C
T
)
.
T
h
is
u
n
d
er
s
tan
d
in
g
ca
n
b
e
u
tili
ze
d
b
y
p
o
lic
y
m
ak
er
s
,
in
clu
d
in
g
t
h
e
g
o
v
er
n
m
e
n
t,
i
n
d
u
s
tr
y
,
an
d
ac
ad
e
m
ia,
in
d
e
s
i
g
n
i
n
g
p
o
licies
a
n
d
s
tr
ateg
ie
s
to
s
u
p
p
o
r
t th
e
d
ev
el
o
p
m
e
n
t o
f
tec
h
n
o
lo
g
y
i
n
t
h
e
MSM
E
s
s
ec
to
r
.
Var
io
u
s
ef
f
o
r
ts
h
av
e
b
ee
n
m
ad
e
to
s
u
p
p
o
r
t
MSM
E
s
d
ev
elo
p
m
e
n
t,
in
cl
u
d
i
n
g
t
h
e
r
esear
ch
w
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
e,
w
h
ich
i
n
te
g
r
ates
t
h
e
r
an
d
o
m
f
o
r
est
(
R
F)
alg
o
r
it
h
m
an
d
th
e
A
-
s
tar
al
g
o
r
ith
m
i
n
to
th
e
MSM
E
s
GI
S.
T
h
is
is
d
o
n
e
to
o
p
tim
ize
MS
ME
s
p
r
o
m
o
tio
n
s
tr
ate
g
ie
s
in
ac
h
iev
in
g
s
u
s
tai
n
ab
le
ec
o
n
o
m
ic
g
r
o
w
t
h
.
T
h
e
RF
alg
o
r
ith
m
is
u
s
ed
f
o
r
MSM
E
s
class
i
f
icatio
n
as
th
e
b
asi
s
f
o
r
m
ap
p
i
n
g
MS
ME
s
s
p
r
ea
d
ac
r
o
s
s
P
esaw
ar
a
n
R
eg
e
n
c
y
u
s
i
n
g
GI
S.
A
d
d
itio
n
all
y
,
it
is
eq
u
ip
p
ed
w
it
h
M
S
ME
s
p
r
o
f
ile
i
n
f
o
r
m
atio
n
as
a
n
i
n
itial
w
in
d
o
w
to
attr
ac
t
co
n
s
u
m
er
s
a
n
d
in
v
es
to
r
s
.
Mo
r
eo
v
er
,
it
p
r
o
v
id
es
in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
o
n
th
e
s
h
o
r
test
r
o
u
te
t
o
MSM
E
s
lo
ca
tio
n
s
b
y
u
tili
z
in
g
t
h
e
A
-
s
tar
alg
o
r
it
h
m
,
o
f
f
er
in
g
a
s
er
v
ice
th
at
f
ac
il
itates ac
ce
s
s
.
2.
M
E
T
H
O
D
T
h
e
m
et
h
o
d
o
f
th
is
s
t
u
d
y
co
n
s
is
ts
o
f
s
e
v
er
al
s
tag
e
s
,
in
cl
u
d
in
g
a
liter
atu
r
e
s
tu
d
y
,
d
ata
co
llectio
n
,
d
ata
p
r
ep
r
o
ce
s
s
in
g
,
th
e
ap
p
licatio
n
o
f
th
e
RF
an
d
A
-
s
tar
alg
o
r
ith
m
s
,
an
d
t
h
e
i
m
p
le
m
e
n
tatio
n
o
f
a
GI
S,
as
s
h
o
w
n
i
n
Fig
u
r
e
1
.
T
h
e
liter
atu
r
e
s
t
u
d
y
an
d
d
ata
co
llectio
n
s
ta
g
es
ar
e
co
n
d
u
cted
to
o
b
tain
r
elev
a
n
t
i
n
f
o
r
m
atio
n
a
n
d
s
u
p
p
o
r
tin
g
d
ata,
w
h
ich
ar
e
s
u
b
s
eq
u
en
tl
y
p
r
o
ce
s
s
ed
d
u
r
i
n
g
t
h
e
d
ata
p
r
ep
r
o
ce
s
s
in
g
s
ta
g
e.
T
h
e
p
r
o
ce
s
s
ed
d
ata
ar
e
th
en
an
al
y
ze
d
u
s
i
n
g
th
e
RF
an
d
A
-
s
tar
alg
o
r
it
h
m
s
b
ef
o
r
e
b
ein
g
in
teg
r
ated
in
to
th
e
GI
S
to
s
u
p
p
o
r
t
th
e
m
ap
p
in
g
o
f
MSM
E
s
an
d
th
e
d
eter
m
i
n
atio
n
o
f
o
p
ti
m
al
r
o
u
tes
.
2
.
1
.
L
it
er
a
t
ure
re
v
iew
T
h
e
liter
atu
r
e
r
ev
ie
w
in
v
o
lv
e
s
g
ath
er
i
n
g
r
ef
er
en
ce
s
f
r
o
m
v
ar
io
u
s
s
o
u
r
ce
s
s
u
c
h
as
j
o
u
r
n
al
ar
ticles,
p
r
o
ce
ed
in
g
s
,
an
d
o
th
er
s
.
R
e
f
er
en
ce
s
in
cl
u
d
e
d
is
cu
s
s
io
n
s
o
n
MSM
E
s
,
s
u
c
h
as
p
r
o
m
o
t
io
n
s
tr
ateg
ie
s
an
d
tech
n
o
lo
g
ies
u
s
ed
.
A
d
d
itio
n
al
l
y
,
r
ef
er
en
ce
s
r
elate
d
to
GI
S,
th
e
R
F
al
g
o
r
ith
m
,
an
d
t
h
e
A
-
s
tar
al
g
o
r
ith
m
ar
e
co
llected
.
2
.
2
.
Da
t
a
c
o
llect
io
n
T
h
e
d
ata
in
th
is
s
t
u
d
y
in
c
lu
d
es
MSM
E
s
d
ata
s
u
ch
as
n
a
m
es,
p
r
o
d
u
ct
ty
p
e
s
,
ass
ets,
t
u
r
n
o
v
er
,
an
d
o
th
er
s
.
I
t
also
in
clu
d
e
s
co
o
r
d
in
ate
p
o
in
t
d
ata
o
f
MSM
E
s
lo
ca
tio
n
s
f
o
r
m
ap
p
in
g
p
u
r
p
o
s
es.
A
d
d
itio
n
a
ll
y
,
MSM
E
s
p
r
o
f
ile
d
ata
i
n
cl
u
d
es
b
u
s
i
n
es
s
i
n
f
o
r
m
atio
n
s
u
c
h
a
s
n
a
m
e,
t
y
p
e
o
f
b
u
s
in
e
s
s
,
ad
d
r
ess
,
p
h
o
n
e
n
u
m
b
er
,
e
m
ail,
an
d
b
u
s
i
n
es
s
leg
al
it
y
in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
.
F
u
r
th
er
m
o
r
e,
p
h
o
to
s
o
f
lo
g
o
s
,
b
u
s
in
es
s
b
u
ild
in
g
s
o
r
lo
ca
tio
n
s
,
p
r
o
d
u
cts,
p
r
o
m
o
tio
n
al
e
v
en
t
s
o
r
ac
tiv
ities
,
an
d
o
th
er
s
ar
e
co
llected
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
1
6
9
3
-
6930
T
E
L
KOM
NI
K
A
T
elec
o
m
m
u
n
C
o
m
p
u
t E
l
C
o
n
tr
o
l
,
Vo
l.
24
,
No
.
5
,
Octo
b
e
r
20
26
:
1
5
2
6
-
1534
1528
Fig
u
r
e
1
.
T
h
e
s
tag
es o
f
MSM
E
s
m
ap
p
in
g
r
esear
ch
2
.
3
.
Da
t
a
p
re
pro
ce
s
s
ing
T
h
e
d
ata
u
s
ed
in
th
is
s
tu
d
y
is
o
b
tain
ed
f
r
o
m
th
e
Dep
a
r
t
m
en
t
o
f
C
o
o
p
er
ativ
es,
MS
ME
s
,
an
d
Ma
n
p
o
w
er
o
f
P
esa
w
ar
an
R
e
g
en
c
y
i
n
2
0
2
0
,
w
h
ich
i
n
cl
u
d
es
3
,
0
8
4
MSM
E
s
s
p
r
ea
d
ac
r
o
s
s
1
1
s
u
b
-
d
is
tr
icts
.
T
h
e
MSM
E
s
d
ata
co
n
s
is
t
s
o
f
1
6
attr
ib
u
tes:
n
a
m
e,
I
D
n
u
m
b
er
,
h
o
m
e
ad
d
r
ess
,
b
u
s
in
e
s
s
ad
d
r
ess
,
p
h
o
n
e
n
u
m
b
er
,
b
u
s
i
n
ess
n
a
m
e,
b
u
s
i
n
es
s
t
y
p
e,
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
e
m
p
lo
y
ee
s
,
p
r
o
d
u
ct
n
a
m
e,
b
u
s
in
e
s
s
s
ec
to
r
,
b
u
s
i
n
es
s
f
ield
,
b
u
s
i
n
es
s
p
er
m
i
ts
,
as
s
ets,
ca
p
ital,
a
n
n
u
a
l
tu
r
n
o
v
er
,
an
d
b
u
s
in
e
s
s
cr
iter
ia
u
s
ed
as
cla
s
s
at
tr
ib
u
tes,
n
a
m
el
y
m
icr
o
,
s
m
all,
an
d
m
ed
iu
m
.
Af
ter
d
ata
clea
n
s
in
g
an
d
tr
an
s
f
o
r
m
atio
n
,
t
h
e
a
ttrib
u
tes
ar
e
r
ed
u
ce
d
to
8
s
u
ch
as
b
u
s
i
n
ess
n
a
m
e,
o
w
n
er
’
s
n
a
m
e,
b
u
s
i
n
es
s
t
y
p
e,
p
r
o
d
u
ct
n
a
m
e,
p
er
m
it
s
h
eld
,
ass
ets,
tu
r
n
o
v
er
,
an
d
cr
iter
ia.
T
h
is
r
ef
er
s
to
th
e
R
ep
u
b
lic
o
f
I
n
d
o
n
esia
la
w
n
u
m
b
er
2
8
o
f
2
0
0
8
o
n
MSM
E
.
I
n
c
h
ap
ter
I
V,
th
e
cr
iter
i
a
f
o
r
MSM
E
s
ar
e
d
is
cu
s
s
ed
[
1
3
]
.
2
.
4
.
RF
a
lg
o
rit
hm
R
F
i
s
a
f
le
x
ib
le
a
n
d
ea
s
y
-
to
-
u
s
e
al
g
o
r
ith
m
.
I
t
ca
n
b
e
u
s
ed
to
s
o
lv
e
v
ar
io
u
s
p
r
o
b
lem
s
,
m
ak
in
g
t
h
i
s
alg
o
r
ith
m
p
o
p
u
lar
[
1
4
]
,
[
1
5
]
.
T
h
e
R
F
alg
o
r
ith
m
w
o
r
k
s
b
y
d
esi
g
n
in
g
m
u
ltip
le
d
ec
is
io
n
tr
ee
s
d
u
r
in
g
th
e
tr
ain
i
n
g
p
r
o
ce
s
s
.
E
ac
h
tr
ee
is
d
esig
n
ed
u
s
in
g
a
r
an
d
o
m
s
u
b
s
et
o
f
th
e
tr
ain
i
n
g
d
ata,
an
d
b
etter
r
esu
lts
ar
e
o
b
tain
ed
b
y
co
m
b
in
i
n
g
th
e
m
[
1
6
]
.
T
h
e
R
F
alg
o
r
ith
m
h
as
b
etter
p
er
f
o
r
m
a
n
ce
co
m
p
ar
ed
t
o
alg
o
r
ith
m
s
w
i
th
s
in
g
le
d
ec
i
s
io
n
tr
ee
s
[
1
7
]
-
[
1
9
]
.
In
d
esig
n
i
n
g
a
d
ec
is
io
n
tr
e
e
,
it
u
s
es
th
e
c
lass
if
ica
tio
n
a
n
d
r
eg
r
es
s
io
n
tr
ee
(
C
A
R
T
)
m
e
th
o
d
[
2
0
]
-
[
2
2
]
,
M
ea
n
w
h
ile,
th
i
s
s
t
u
d
y
u
s
e
s
th
e
(
1
)
to
f
in
d
th
e
i
m
p
u
r
it
y
v
al
u
e
.
(
)
=
1
−
∑
2
=
1
(
1
)
I
t
s
t
a
t
e
d
th
a
t
p
i
s
h
o
w
s
th
e
p
r
o
b
a
b
i
l
i
ty
v
a
lu
e
o
f
a
n
o
d
e
v
a
lu
e
in
a
c
l
ass
.
Me
an
w
h
i
le
,
i
s
th
e
cl
a
s
s
la
b
e
l
.
T
h
e
n
ex
t
s
t
e
p
is
t
o
c
al
cu
l
at
e
th
e
w
eig
h
t
o
f
th
e
im
p
u
r
ity
o
f
ea
c
h
p
a
r
ti
t
i
o
n
o
b
t
a
in
e
d
,
th
e
G
in
i
in
d
ex
v
a
l
u
e
u
s
es
th
e
(
2
)
.
(
)
=
|
1
|
|
|
(
1
)
+
|
2
|
|
|
(
2
)
(
2
)
Fo
r
i
m
p
u
r
it
y
r
ed
u
ctio
n
ca
u
s
ed
b
y
b
i
n
ar
y
s
p
litt
i
n
g
o
n
attr
ib
u
tes
w
it
h
d
is
cr
ete
o
r
co
n
ti
n
u
o
u
s
v
al
u
es,
is
u
s
ed
in
(
3
)
.
∆
(
)
=
(
)
−
(
)
(
3
)
T
h
e
R
F
is
an
e
n
s
e
m
b
le
m
et
h
o
d
o
f
d
ec
is
io
n
tr
ee
s
t
h
at
u
s
es
th
e
B
o
o
ts
tr
ap
a
g
g
r
eg
a
tin
g
(
B
ag
g
in
g
)
tech
n
iq
u
e.
I
t
i
n
v
o
l
v
es
cr
ea
ti
n
g
b
o
o
ts
tr
ap
p
ed
d
atasets
to
r
ed
u
ce
v
ar
ian
ce
i
n
n
o
is
y
d
ata
an
d
ag
g
r
e
g
ati
n
g
r
e
s
u
l
ts
b
y
v
o
ti
n
g
f
o
r
t
h
e
m
o
s
t
f
r
eq
u
e
n
t
o
u
tco
m
e.
B
o
o
ts
tr
ap
p
ed
d
at
as
ets
ar
e
u
s
ed
to
tr
ai
n
ea
ch
d
ec
is
io
n
tr
ee
m
o
d
el
i
n
p
ar
allel.
Su
b
s
eq
u
e
n
tl
y
,
t
h
e
v
a
r
ied
r
esu
lts
f
r
o
m
ea
c
h
d
ec
is
io
n
tr
ee
m
o
d
el
ar
e
ag
g
r
eg
a
ted
b
y
v
o
tin
g
,
an
d
t
h
e
m
o
s
t
f
r
eq
u
en
t r
esu
l
t b
ec
o
m
es t
h
e
f
i
n
al
v
al
u
e.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
T
E
L
KOM
NI
K
A
T
elec
o
m
m
u
n
C
o
m
p
u
t E
l
C
o
n
tr
o
l
Op
timiz
a
tio
n
o
f MS
MEs p
r
o
mo
tio
n
s
tr
a
teg
y
u
s
in
g
GI
S
w
ith
r
a
n
d
o
m
fo
r
est a
lg
o
r
ith
m
a
n
d
A
-
s
ta
r
…
(
S
u
lyo
n
o
)
1529
2
.
5
.
A
-
s
t
a
r
a
lg
o
rit
h
m
T
h
is
s
tu
d
y
u
s
es
t
h
e
A
-
s
tar
al
g
o
r
ith
m
to
d
eter
m
i
n
e
t
h
e
s
h
o
r
test
r
o
u
te
f
r
o
m
th
e
s
tar
t
in
g
p
o
in
t
to
th
e
d
esti
n
atio
n
p
o
in
t
in
t
h
e
f
o
r
m
o
f
a
g
r
ap
h
.
I
t
is
s
p
ec
if
icall
y
f
r
o
m
th
e
s
tar
tin
g
p
o
in
t
to
th
e
tar
g
et
MSM
E
lo
ca
tio
n
.
T
h
e
A
-
s
tar
al
g
o
r
ith
m
is
a
n
e
f
f
ec
ti
v
e
to
o
l
th
a
t
en
h
a
n
ce
s
e
f
f
i
cien
c
y
in
v
ar
io
u
s
s
it
u
atio
n
s
r
eq
u
ir
in
g
s
eq
u
en
t
ial
p
lan
n
i
n
g
in
a
u
to
m
a
tio
n
s
y
s
t
e
m
s
[
2
3
]
.
T
h
e
A
-
s
tar
alg
o
r
ith
m
is
a
s
y
s
te
m
at
ic
an
d
ef
f
icien
t
m
et
h
o
d
f
o
r
d
eter
m
in
i
n
g
th
e
o
p
ti
m
al
p
ath
in
a
p
ar
am
eter
s
p
ac
e
[
2
4
]
.
A
d
d
itio
n
al
l
y
,
th
e
A
-
s
tar
alg
o
r
ith
m
e
n
h
a
n
ce
s
t
h
e
ef
f
icien
c
y
a
n
d
ef
f
ec
ti
v
e
n
es
s
o
f
p
ath
p
lan
n
i
n
g
b
y
co
n
s
id
er
in
g
v
ar
io
u
s
o
b
j
ec
tiv
es o
r
cr
iter
ia
[
2
5
]
.
T
h
e
u
s
e
o
f
t
h
e
A
-
s
tar
alg
o
r
ith
m
i
s
to
d
eter
m
i
n
e
th
e
b
est
r
o
u
te
co
n
n
ec
ti
n
g
m
u
ltip
le
to
u
r
is
t
d
esti
n
atio
n
s
b
ased
o
n
estab
lis
h
ed
cr
iter
ia
[
2
6
]
.
I
n
th
is
s
t
u
d
y
,
g
eo
s
p
atial
d
ata
w
ill
b
e
u
s
ed
to
d
eter
m
i
n
e
th
e
b
est
r
o
u
te
c
o
n
n
ec
ti
n
g
MSM
E
s
lo
ca
tio
n
s
,
allo
w
in
g
cu
s
to
m
er
s
,
to
u
r
is
ts
,
an
d
p
o
ten
tial
in
v
es
to
r
s
to
v
is
it
m
o
r
e
MSM
E
s
in
a
s
h
o
r
ter
ti
m
e
w
ith
a
n
o
p
tim
ized
r
o
u
te.
T
h
e
A
-
s
tar
alg
o
r
ith
m
u
s
es
a
h
e
u
r
is
tic
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
to
esti
m
a
te
th
e
co
s
t
f
r
o
m
a
p
ar
ticu
lar
p
o
in
t
to
th
e
d
esti
n
atio
n
in
(
4
)
.
(
)
=
(
)
+
ℎ
(
)
(
4
)
T
h
e
f
u
n
ctio
n
(
)
is
u
s
ed
to
d
eter
m
in
e
th
e
o
r
d
er
o
f
n
o
d
es
t
o
b
e
ch
ec
k
ed
,
w
h
er
e
th
e
m
ai
n
f
o
cu
s
is
o
n
th
e
n
o
d
e
w
it
h
th
e
lo
w
est
(
)
v
a
lu
e
f
ir
s
t.
Me
an
w
h
ile,
(
)
s
h
o
w
s
t
h
e
ac
t
u
al
co
s
t
f
r
o
m
t
h
e
s
tar
ti
n
g
n
o
d
e
t
o
n
o
d
e
,
an
d
ℎ
(
)
s
h
o
w
s
t
h
e
co
s
t
f
r
o
m
n
o
d
e
to
th
e
d
esti
n
atio
n
(
h
e
u
r
is
tic
f
u
n
ct
io
n
)
.
2
.
6
.
I
m
ple
m
e
nting
G
I
S
T
h
e
m
ap
p
in
g
o
f
MSM
E
s
is
ca
r
r
ied
o
u
t
u
s
i
n
g
a
GI
S
to
b
e
eq
u
ip
p
ed
w
it
h
th
e
A
-
s
tar
alg
o
r
ith
m
t
o
r
ec
o
m
m
e
n
d
th
e
m
o
s
t
o
p
ti
m
al
r
o
u
te
f
o
r
v
is
iti
n
g
m
u
ltip
le
MSM
E
s
.
A
d
d
itio
n
all
y
,
MSM
E
s
w
i
ll
b
e
class
i
f
ied
ac
co
r
d
in
g
to
th
eir
ca
teg
o
r
ies
u
s
i
n
g
th
e
R
F
class
i
f
ica
tio
n
al
g
o
r
ith
m
.
T
h
e
co
m
b
i
n
atio
n
o
f
GI
S,
r
an
d
o
m
f
o
r
est
,
an
d
A
-
s
tar
allo
w
s
f
o
r
o
p
ti
m
al
u
tili
za
t
io
n
o
f
g
eo
g
r
ap
h
ic
d
at
a
an
d
b
etter
d
ata
-
d
r
iv
e
n
d
ec
is
io
n
-
m
a
k
i
n
g
,
s
o
it
is
en
h
a
n
ci
n
g
s
er
v
ice
to
u
s
er
s
a
n
d
o
p
en
in
g
u
p
b
u
s
i
n
es
s
d
ev
elo
p
m
en
t o
p
p
o
r
tu
n
ities
b
y
at
tr
ac
ti
n
g
i
n
v
esto
r
s
.
3.
RE
SU
L
T
S AN
D
D
I
SCU
SS
I
O
N
T
h
is
s
tu
d
y
d
esi
g
n
s
a
GI
S
t
o
m
ap
MSM
E
s
i
n
P
esa
w
ar
an
R
e
g
en
c
y
u
s
in
g
t
h
e
R
F
an
d
A
-
s
tar
alg
o
r
ith
m
s
.
T
h
e
R
F
a
lg
o
r
it
h
m
is
u
s
ed
to
clas
s
i
f
y
MSM
E
s
i
n
to
ca
teg
o
r
ies
s
u
c
h
as
m
icr
o
,
s
m
all,
a
n
d
m
ed
i
u
m
.
A
d
d
itio
n
al
l
y
,
it
d
is
p
la
y
s
MSM
E
p
r
o
f
iles
in
cl
u
d
in
g
lo
g
o
p
h
o
to
s
,
b
u
s
in
e
s
s
lo
ca
tio
n
p
h
o
to
s
,
a
n
d
p
r
o
d
u
ct
p
h
o
to
s
.
T
h
is
GI
S
is
al
s
o
eq
u
ip
p
ed
w
i
th
t
h
e
A
-
s
tar
al
g
o
r
ith
m
to
p
r
o
v
id
e
r
ec
o
m
m
e
n
d
atio
n
s
f
o
r
t
h
e
s
h
o
r
test
r
o
u
te
to
MSM
E
s
,
th
er
eb
y
o
p
ti
m
izi
n
g
t
i
m
e
an
d
en
h
a
n
ci
n
g
s
er
v
ice
to
c
u
s
to
m
er
s
an
d
p
o
ten
tia
l in
v
esto
r
s
.
3
.
1
.
T
he
i
m
p
le
m
e
nta
t
io
n o
f
RF
a
lg
o
rit
h
m
A
t
t
h
i
s
s
ta
g
e,
MSM
E
s
ar
e
class
i
f
ied
in
to
th
r
ee
clas
s
es
m
i
cr
o
,
s
m
a
ll,
an
d
m
ed
iu
m
u
s
i
n
g
th
e
R
F
alg
o
r
i
th
m
.
B
ased
o
n
t
h
e
p
r
ep
r
o
ce
s
s
ed
d
ata,
th
e
o
r
i
g
i
n
al
3
,
0
8
4
r
ec
o
r
d
s
ar
e
r
ed
u
ce
d
to
2
,
8
4
4
in
T
ab
le
1
.
T
h
en
,
th
is
MSM
E
s
d
ata
is
p
r
o
ce
s
s
ed
u
s
in
g
th
e
R
F
alg
o
r
it
h
m
to
p
r
ed
ict
th
e
class
if
icatio
n
o
f
MSM
E
s
in
to
m
icr
o
,
s
m
al
l,
an
d
m
ed
i
u
m
ca
te
g
o
r
ies
.
T
h
e
m
o
d
el
ev
al
u
atio
n
r
es
u
lts
s
h
o
w
a
n
ac
cu
r
ac
y
o
f
9
9
.
6
%,
s
o
it
is
m
a
k
i
n
g
it
a
r
ef
er
en
ce
f
o
r
d
eter
m
i
n
i
n
g
M
S
ME
class
es i
n
t
h
e
f
u
t
u
r
e.
T
h
e
ev
alu
a
tio
n
r
es
u
lt
s
ar
e
p
r
esen
te
d
in
T
ab
le
2
.
T
ab
le
1
.
MSM
E
s
d
ata
an
d
class
if
ica
tio
n
S
u
b
-
d
i
s
t
r
i
c
t
M
i
c
r
o
S
mal
l
M
e
d
i
u
m
T
a
t
a
a
n
2
9
8
23
0
K
e
d
o
n
d
o
n
g
5
2
4
8
0
M
a
r
g
a
P
u
n
d
u
h
3
7
1
26
8
N
e
g
e
r
i
K
a
t
o
n
1
2
6
0
0
P
a
d
a
n
g
C
e
r
mi
n
1
1
7
16
1
P
u
d
u
h
P
i
d
a
d
a
2
4
2
16
13
T
e
g
i
n
e
n
e
n
g
3
8
8
50
0
T
e
l
u
k
P
a
n
d
a
n
74
48
0
W
a
y
R
a
t
a
i
1
2
4
32
0
W
a
y
H
i
u
1
1
4
0
0
W
a
y
L
i
ma
2
2
2
3
0
T
o
t
a
l
2
6
0
0
2
2
2
22
T
ab
le
2
.
T
h
e
R
F
class
i
f
icatio
n
m
o
d
el
ev
alu
a
tio
n
M
o
d
e
l
A
r
e
a
u
n
d
e
r
t
h
e
c
u
r
v
e
(
A
U
C
)
C
l
a
ssi
f
i
c
a
t
i
o
n
a
c
c
u
r
a
c
y
(
C
A
)
F1
P
r
e
c
i
si
o
n
R
e
c
a
l
l
RF
0
.
9
9
6
0
.
9
9
5
0
.
9
9
5
0
.
9
9
5
0
.
9
9
5
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
1
6
9
3
-
6930
T
E
L
KOM
NI
K
A
T
elec
o
m
m
u
n
C
o
m
p
u
t E
l
C
o
n
tr
o
l
,
Vo
l.
24
,
No
.
5
,
Octo
b
e
r
20
26
:
1
5
2
6
-
1534
1530
3
.
2
.
T
he
i
m
p
le
m
ent
a
t
io
n o
f
A
-
s
t
a
r
a
lg
o
rit
hm
T
h
e
GI
S
o
f
MSM
E
s
w
ill
f
ea
tu
r
e
a
d
ash
b
o
ar
d
d
is
p
lay
i
n
g
t
h
e
to
tal
n
u
m
b
er
o
f
MS
ME
s
.
I
t
is
ca
teg
o
r
ized
b
y
m
icr
o
,
s
m
a
ll,
an
d
m
ed
i
u
m
cla
s
s
i
f
icatio
n
s
.
A
d
d
itio
n
all
y
,
it
w
il
l
p
r
o
v
id
e
in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
o
n
b
u
s
i
n
ess
t
y
p
e
s
s
u
ch
as
h
a
n
d
icr
af
ts
,
f
as
h
io
n
,
a
n
d
c
u
li
n
ar
y
.
T
h
is
d
ash
b
o
ar
d
w
il
l
s
er
v
e
as
a
r
ef
er
en
ce
f
o
r
th
e
Dep
ar
t
m
en
t
o
f
C
o
o
p
er
ativ
es,
MSM
E
s
,
an
d
Ma
n
p
o
w
er
o
f
P
esaw
ar
a
n
R
e
g
en
c
y
f
o
r
an
a
l
y
zi
n
g
an
d
m
a
k
i
n
g
d
ec
is
io
n
s
r
elate
d
to
MSM
E
s
d
is
tr
ib
u
tio
n
b
y
ca
teg
o
r
y
,
s
o
it
is
allo
w
i
n
g
p
o
licies
to
b
e
m
o
r
e
f
o
c
u
s
ed
an
d
s
p
ec
if
ic
to
th
e
ca
t
eg
o
r
ies
o
r
ty
p
es
o
f
b
u
s
in
es
s
es
p
r
esen
t.
F
u
r
th
er
m
o
r
e,
th
e
in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
o
n
b
u
s
i
n
ess
t
y
p
e
s
w
ill
r
ev
ea
l
m
ar
k
et
tr
e
n
d
s
a
n
d
d
ev
elo
p
m
e
n
ts
,
a
n
d
o
p
en
o
p
p
o
r
tu
n
ities
f
o
r
co
llab
o
r
atio
n
a
m
o
n
g
M
SME
s
.
T
h
e
MSM
E
s
d
ash
b
o
ar
d
ca
n
b
e
s
ee
n
in
Fig
u
r
e
2
.
T
h
e
GI
S
o
f
MSM
E
s
is
al
s
o
e
q
u
ip
p
ed
w
it
h
MSM
E
s
p
r
o
f
iles
to
b
e
p
r
o
v
id
in
g
d
etaile
d
b
u
s
in
e
s
s
in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
i
n
cl
u
d
in
g
lo
g
o
p
h
o
to
s
,
p
h
o
to
s
o
f
b
u
s
i
n
es
s
lo
ca
tio
n
s
,
p
r
o
d
u
ct
p
h
o
to
s
,
p
h
o
to
s
o
f
ev
en
t
s
o
r
p
r
o
m
o
tio
n
al
ac
tiv
ities
,
a
n
d
a
d
d
r
ess
es
w
it
h
co
o
r
d
in
ates.
T
h
e
GI
S
w
i
th
MSM
E
s
p
r
o
f
ile
s
ca
n
b
e
u
s
ed
as
a
r
ef
er
en
ce
f
o
r
s
ta
k
eh
o
ld
er
s
in
p
o
licy
-
m
a
k
in
g
r
eg
ar
d
in
g
co
m
m
er
cial
ar
ea
d
ev
elo
p
m
en
t
b
y
u
n
d
er
s
ta
n
d
in
g
th
e
d
is
tr
ib
u
tio
n
a
n
d
p
o
ten
tial
o
f
MSM
E
s
in
s
p
ec
i
f
ic
ar
ea
s
.
I
t
ca
n
also
g
u
id
e
in
f
r
a
s
tr
u
ct
u
r
e
p
lan
n
i
n
g
th
at
s
u
p
p
o
r
ts
MSM
E
s
,
s
u
c
h
as
r
o
ad
ac
ce
s
s
o
r
p
u
b
l
ic
f
ac
ilit
ies
th
at
en
h
an
c
e
ac
ce
s
s
to
b
u
s
in
ess
lo
ca
tio
n
s
.
T
h
is
d
esig
n
o
f
th
e
GI
S
w
it
h
MSM
E
s
p
r
o
f
iles
w
il
l
i
m
p
r
o
v
e
i
n
f
o
r
m
atio
n
ac
ce
s
s
ib
ilit
y
i
n
a
ce
n
tr
alize
d
p
latf
o
r
m
.
I
t
i
s
also
f
ac
ilit
at
in
g
n
a
v
i
g
atio
n
to
MSM
E
s
lo
ca
tio
n
s
,
s
o
it
is
im
p
ac
t
ed
b
y
s
av
i
n
g
t
h
e
ti
m
e,
ef
f
icie
n
t,
an
d
ef
f
o
r
tles
s
in
f
i
n
d
in
g
MSM
E
s
.
MSM
E
s
p
r
o
f
iles
ca
n
b
e
s
ee
n
i
n
Fi
g
u
r
e
3
,
MSM
E
s
m
ap
p
in
g
i
n
Fig
u
r
e
4
,
an
d
th
e
i
m
p
le
m
en
ta
tio
n
o
f
t
h
e
A
-
s
tar
a
lg
o
r
ith
m
f
o
r
th
e
s
h
o
r
test
r
o
u
te
in
Fi
g
u
r
e
5
.
Fig
u
r
e
2
.
MSM
E
s
d
ash
b
o
ar
d
Fig
u
r
e
3
.
MSM
E
s
p
r
o
f
ile
Fig
u
r
e
4
.
T
h
e
m
ap
p
in
g
o
f
MS
ME
s
Fig
u
r
e
5
.
I
m
p
le
m
e
n
tatio
n
o
f
A
-
s
tar
al
g
o
r
ith
m
f
o
r
s
h
o
r
test
r
o
u
te
3.
3
.
Dis
cus
s
io
n
T
h
e
in
teg
r
atio
n
o
f
GI
S
w
it
h
R
F
an
d
A
-
s
tar
ca
n
en
h
a
n
ce
p
r
o
m
o
tio
n
al
e
f
f
ec
ti
v
en
e
s
s
b
y
d
is
p
la
y
in
g
lo
ca
tio
n
p
o
in
ts
,
M
SME
ca
te
g
o
r
y
i
n
f
o
r
m
atio
n
,
MSM
E
p
r
o
f
iles
,
an
d
s
h
o
r
test
-
d
is
tan
ce
r
ec
o
m
m
e
n
d
atio
n
s
f
o
r
ea
s
ier
ac
ce
s
s
.
T
h
is
ap
p
licatio
n
h
elp
s
s
o
lv
e
MSM
E
s
’
p
r
o
b
le
m
s
r
elate
d
to
li
m
ited
m
ar
k
et
ac
ce
s
s
,
in
e
f
f
icien
t
p
r
o
m
o
tio
n
,
a
n
d
p
r
o
f
ile
v
i
s
ib
ili
t
y
.
W
ith
a
d
as
h
b
o
ar
d
d
is
p
lay
i
n
g
M
SME
p
r
o
f
iles
a
n
d
v
ar
io
u
s
p
r
o
d
u
ct
t
y
p
e
s
,
it
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
T
E
L
KOM
NI
K
A
T
elec
o
m
m
u
n
C
o
m
p
u
t E
l
C
o
n
tr
o
l
Op
timiz
a
tio
n
o
f MS
MEs p
r
o
mo
tio
n
s
tr
a
teg
y
u
s
in
g
GI
S
w
ith
r
a
n
d
o
m
fo
r
est a
lg
o
r
ith
m
a
n
d
A
-
s
ta
r
…
(
S
u
lyo
n
o
)
1531
s
er
v
es
as
a
li
m
itle
s
s
o
n
li
n
e
m
ar
k
et
in
g
p
latf
o
r
m
.
T
h
e
d
is
tr
ib
u
tio
n
o
f
MSM
E
lo
ca
tio
n
s
w
it
h
i
n
an
ar
ea
an
d
s
h
o
r
test
-
d
is
ta
n
ce
r
ec
o
m
m
e
n
d
a
tio
n
s
a
s
s
i
s
t
s
ta
k
e
h
o
ld
er
s
in
r
e
g
io
n
al
d
e
v
elo
p
m
e
n
t
p
o
lic
y
-
m
ak
in
g
a
n
d
m
a
k
e
i
t
ea
s
ier
f
o
r
in
v
e
s
to
r
s
an
d
co
n
s
u
m
er
s
to
r
ea
ch
MSM
E
lo
ca
tio
n
s
.
C
las
s
i
f
y
in
g
MSM
E
s
b
y
ca
teg
o
r
y
s
i
m
p
li
f
ies
tar
g
eted
p
o
licy
-
m
ak
in
g
f
o
r
MSM
E
d
ev
elo
p
m
e
n
t
s
tr
a
teg
ies
ac
co
r
d
in
g
to
ea
ch
ca
teg
o
r
y
.
A
s
i
n
T
ab
le
3
,
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
a
p
p
r
o
a
ch
d
if
f
er
s
f
r
o
m
p
r
ev
io
u
s
s
t
u
d
ies
b
y
i
n
teg
r
at
in
g
GI
S,
r
a
n
d
o
m
f
o
r
est,
an
d
A
-
s
ta
r
in
to
a
s
in
g
le
MSM
E
p
r
o
m
o
t
io
n
al
f
r
a
m
e
w
o
r
k
.
W
h
ile
p
r
ev
io
u
s
s
t
u
d
ies
m
a
in
l
y
ad
d
r
ess
ed
lo
ca
l
ec
o
n
o
m
ic
d
ev
elo
p
m
en
t,
MSM
E
b
u
s
in
e
s
s
co
n
tin
u
it
y
p
la
n
n
in
g
,
p
r
o
d
u
ct
p
r
o
m
o
tio
n
th
r
o
u
g
h
s
o
cial
m
e
d
ia,
an
d
I
C
T
-
b
ased
MSM
E
p
o
licy
d
ev
elo
p
m
e
n
t,
th
is
s
tu
d
y
co
m
b
in
e
s
s
p
atial
v
is
u
a
lizatio
n
,
MSM
E
cla
s
s
i
f
icatio
n
,
p
r
o
f
ile
in
f
o
r
m
atio
n
,
a
n
d
s
h
o
r
test
-
d
i
s
t
an
ce
r
ec
o
m
m
en
d
atio
n
s
.
T
h
er
ef
o
r
e,
th
e
p
r
o
p
o
s
ed
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
ex
ten
d
s
p
r
ev
io
u
s
r
esear
ch
b
y
p
r
o
v
id
in
g
b
o
th
p
r
o
m
o
tio
n
al
an
d
lo
ca
tio
n
-
b
ased
d
ec
is
io
n
-
s
u
p
p
o
r
t
f
u
n
ctio
n
s
f
o
r
o
p
tim
izi
n
g
MSM
E
p
r
o
m
o
tio
n
al
a
n
d
d
ev
elo
p
m
e
n
t
s
tr
ateg
ie
s
.
GI
S,
r
an
d
o
m
f
o
r
est,
an
d
A
-
s
tar
o
f
f
er
an
e
f
f
ec
tiv
e
p
ac
k
a
g
e
f
o
r
o
p
tim
iz
in
g
MSM
E
p
r
o
m
o
tio
n
al
s
tr
ate
g
ies
a
n
d
r
ep
r
esen
t
an
in
n
o
v
ati
v
e
ap
p
r
o
ac
h
t
h
at
s
u
p
p
o
r
ts
tech
n
o
lo
g
y
-
b
ased
MSM
E
g
r
o
w
t
h
.
T
ab
le
3
.
C
o
m
p
ar
is
o
n
w
i
th
p
r
e
v
io
u
s
r
esear
ch
R
e
se
a
r
c
h
e
r
T
h
e
a
p
p
r
o
a
c
h
u
se
d
R
e
su
l
t
s
P
t
a
k
-
C
h
mi
e
l
e
w
sk
a
a
n
d
C
h
ł
o
ń
-
D
o
mi
ń
c
z
a
k
[
9
]
G
I
S
S
u
p
p
o
r
t
i
n
g
d
e
c
i
si
o
n
m
a
k
i
n
g
i
n
l
o
c
a
l
e
c
o
n
o
mi
c
d
e
v
e
l
o
p
me
n
t
.
L
e
h
a
n
a
n
d
K
a
maru
d
i
n
[
1
0
]
G
e
o
sp
a
si
a
l
F
o
r
t
h
e
p
r
e
p
a
r
a
t
i
o
n
o
f
M
S
M
Es
B
C
P
.
Mu
’
t
a
m
a
r
e
t
a
l
.
[
11
]
U
se
o
f
v
a
r
i
o
u
s so
c
i
a
l
me
d
i
a
p
l
a
t
f
o
r
ms s
u
c
h
a
s
I
n
st
a
g
r
a
m,
F
a
c
e
b
o
o
k
,
a
n
d
W
h
a
t
sA
p
p
t
o
p
r
o
mo
t
e
M
S
M
E
p
r
o
d
u
c
t
s
P
r
o
mo
t
i
n
g
M
S
M
E
p
r
o
d
u
c
t
s
.
K
u
mar
e
t
a
l
.
[
1
2
]
F
a
c
t
o
r
s t
h
a
t
i
n
f
l
u
e
n
c
e
M
S
M
Es
u
si
n
g
I
C
T
.
T
o
d
e
si
g
n
p
o
l
i
c
i
e
s a
n
d
st
r
a
t
e
g
i
e
s t
h
a
t
c
a
n
s
u
p
p
o
r
t
t
e
c
h
n
o
l
o
g
y
d
e
v
e
l
o
p
me
n
t
i
n
t
h
e
M
S
M
Es
se
c
t
o
r
.
S
u
l
y
o
n
o
e
t
a
l
.
(
t
h
i
s
st
u
d
y
)
G
I
S
,
r
a
n
d
o
m fo
r
e
st
, A
-
st
a
r
D
i
sp
l
a
y
i
n
g
l
o
c
a
t
i
o
n
p
o
i
n
t
s
,
M
S
M
Es
c
a
t
e
g
o
r
y
i
n
f
o
r
mat
i
o
n
,
M
S
M
Es
p
r
o
f
i
l
e
s,
a
n
d
s
h
o
r
t
e
st
d
i
s
t
a
n
c
e
r
e
c
o
mm
e
n
d
a
t
i
o
n
s t
o
f
a
c
i
l
i
t
a
t
e
a
c
c
e
ss u
s
i
n
g
t
h
e
A
-
st
a
r
a
l
g
o
r
i
t
h
m
.
I
n
a
d
d
i
t
i
o
n
,
u
si
n
g
t
h
e
R
F
a
l
g
o
r
i
t
h
m
f
o
r
M
S
M
Es
c
l
a
ssi
f
i
c
a
t
i
o
n
w
i
t
h
mo
d
e
l
e
v
a
l
u
a
t
i
o
n
r
e
su
l
t
s sh
o
w
i
n
g
a
n
a
c
c
u
r
a
c
y
o
f
9
9
.
6
%
.
T
h
i
s re
se
a
r
c
h
i
s a
b
l
e
t
o
o
p
t
i
m
i
z
e
M
S
M
Es
p
r
o
mo
t
i
o
n
a
n
d
d
e
v
e
l
o
p
me
n
t
st
r
a
t
e
g
i
e
s.
4.
CO
NCLU
SI
O
N
T
h
e
GI
S
o
f
M
SME
s
,
co
m
b
i
n
ed
w
it
h
t
h
e
R
F
a
n
d
A
-
s
ta
r
alg
o
r
ith
m
s
,
ca
n
o
p
ti
m
ize
p
r
o
m
o
tio
n
s
tr
ateg
ie
s
.
T
h
is
GI
S
ca
n
d
is
p
l
a
y
MSM
E
s
m
ap
p
in
g
ac
co
r
d
in
g
to
m
icr
o
,
s
m
all,
a
n
d
m
ed
iu
m
ca
teg
o
r
y
.
I
t
s
tate
s
b
ased
o
n
th
e
class
if
icat
io
n
r
es
u
lts
f
r
o
m
th
e
R
F
alg
o
r
ith
m
w
i
th
an
ac
cu
r
ac
y
o
f
9
9
.
6
%
.
A
d
d
itio
n
all
y
,
it
f
ea
tu
r
e
s
a
d
ash
b
o
ar
d
to
s
er
v
e
as
a
r
ef
er
en
ce
f
o
r
s
ta
k
e
h
o
ld
er
s
in
m
a
k
i
n
g
m
o
r
e
s
p
ec
if
ic
p
o
licies
f
o
r
MSM
E
s
d
ev
elo
p
m
en
t.
F
u
r
th
er
m
o
r
e,
it
p
r
o
v
id
es
in
f
o
r
m
a
tio
n
to
th
e
p
u
b
lic
ab
o
u
t
MSM
E
s
p
r
o
f
iles
an
d
o
p
en
s
u
p
b
r
o
ad
e
r
o
p
p
o
r
tu
n
itie
s
in
i
n
tr
o
d
u
c
i
n
g
th
e
e
x
i
s
ti
n
g
MSM
E
s
a
n
d
s
er
v
in
g
a
s
a
w
i
n
d
o
w
f
o
r
p
o
ten
tial
in
v
esto
r
s
to
u
n
d
er
s
ta
n
d
th
e
MSM
E
s
m
ar
k
et
s
tr
u
c
tu
r
e
an
d
e
m
er
g
i
n
g
b
u
s
i
n
ess
t
y
p
es.
T
h
e
A
-
s
tar
alg
o
r
ith
m
en
h
a
n
ce
s
ac
ce
s
s
ib
ilit
y
,
s
av
in
g
th
e
ti
m
e,
ef
f
icie
n
t,
an
d
ef
f
o
r
tles
s
in
lo
ca
tin
g
MSM
E
s
,
t
h
u
s
i
m
p
r
o
v
in
g
s
er
v
ice
to
cu
s
to
m
er
s
an
d
p
o
ten
tia
l in
v
est
o
r
s
.
ACK
NO
WL
E
D
G
M
E
NT
S
T
h
e
au
th
o
r
s
ac
k
n
o
w
led
g
e
g
r
at
itu
d
e
to
t
h
e
Mi
n
is
tr
y
o
f
E
d
u
ca
tio
n
,
C
u
lt
u
r
e,
R
e
s
ea
r
ch
,
a
n
d
T
ec
h
n
o
lo
g
y
(
Ke
m
en
d
i
k
b
u
d
-
R
i
s
te
k
DI
KT
I
)
f
o
r
p
r
o
v
id
in
g
f
i
n
a
n
cial
s
u
p
p
o
r
t
f
o
r
th
is
r
esear
c
h
,
as
s
ta
ted
in
t
h
e
Dec
r
ee
Nu
m
b
er
:
0
4
5
9
/E5
/P
G.
0
2
.
0
0
/2
0
2
4
.
T
h
is
f
in
a
n
cial
s
u
p
p
o
r
t
h
as
b
ee
n
i
m
p
o
r
ta
n
t
in
f
ac
ilit
atin
g
th
e
r
esear
c
h
p
r
o
ce
s
s
,
in
clu
d
i
n
g
d
ata
co
llectio
n
,
an
al
y
s
i
s
,
r
ep
o
r
tin
g
,
a
n
d
o
u
tco
m
es.
T
h
e
au
th
o
r
also
t
h
an
k
s
t
h
e
Dar
m
aj
a
y
a
I
n
s
tit
u
te
o
f
I
n
f
o
r
m
atic
s
an
d
B
u
s
i
n
ess
,
esp
ec
iall
y
th
e
Fac
u
lt
y
o
f
C
o
m
p
u
ter
Scien
ce
,
f
o
r
th
eir
co
n
tin
u
o
u
s
s
u
p
p
o
r
t a
n
d
en
co
u
r
ag
e
m
e
n
t t
h
r
o
u
g
h
o
u
t t
h
is
s
tu
d
y
.
F
UNDIN
G
I
NF
O
RM
AT
I
O
N
T
h
is
r
esear
ch
w
as
f
i
n
a
n
ciall
y
s
u
p
p
o
r
ted
b
y
th
e
Min
is
tr
y
o
f
E
d
u
ca
tio
n
,
C
u
l
tu
r
e,
R
e
s
ea
r
ch
,
an
d
T
ec
h
n
o
lo
g
y
o
f
th
e
R
ep
u
b
lic
o
f
I
n
d
o
n
esia
(
Ke
m
en
d
i
k
b
u
d
-
R
i
s
tek
DI
KT
I
)
u
n
d
er
Dec
r
ee
Nu
m
b
er
0
4
5
9
/E
5
/P
G.
0
2
.
0
0
/2
0
2
4
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
1
6
9
3
-
6930
T
E
L
KOM
NI
K
A
T
elec
o
m
m
u
n
C
o
m
p
u
t E
l
C
o
n
tr
o
l
,
Vo
l.
24
,
No
.
5
,
Octo
b
e
r
20
26
:
1
5
2
6
-
1534
1532
AUTHO
R
CO
NT
RIB
UT
I
O
NS ST
A
T
E
M
E
NT
T
h
is
jo
u
r
n
al
u
s
e
s
th
e
C
o
n
tr
ib
u
to
r
R
o
les
T
ax
o
n
o
m
y
(
C
R
ed
iT
)
t
o
r
ec
o
g
n
ize
in
d
i
v
id
u
al
au
t
h
o
r
co
n
tr
ib
u
tio
n
s
,
r
ed
u
ce
au
t
h
o
r
s
h
ip
d
is
p
u
tes,
an
d
f
ac
ilit
ate
co
lla
b
o
r
atio
n
.
Na
m
e
o
f
Aut
ho
r
C
M
So
Va
Fo
I
R
D
O
E
Vi
Su
P
Fu
Su
l
y
o
n
o
✓
✓
✓
✓
✓
✓
✓
✓
✓
Su
ci
M
u
tiar
a
✓
✓
✓
✓
✓
Ag
u
s
R
a
h
ar
d
i
✓
✓
✓
✓
✓
Sri
L
es
tar
i
✓
✓
✓
✓
✓
✓
Yu
l
m
ai
n
i
✓
✓
✓
✓
✓
✓
R
u
k
i
R
izal
Nu
l Fi
k
r
i
✓
✓
✓
✓
✓
✓
A
li
S
y
ar
i
f
u
d
d
in
✓
✓
✓
✓
✓
C
:
C
o
n
c
e
p
t
u
a
l
i
z
a
t
i
o
n
M
:
M
e
t
h
o
d
o
l
o
g
y
So
:
So
f
t
w
a
r
e
Va
:
Va
l
i
d
a
t
i
o
n
Fo
:
Fo
r
mal
a
n
a
l
y
si
s
I
:
I
n
v
e
st
i
g
a
t
i
o
n
R
:
R
e
so
u
r
c
e
s
D
:
D
a
t
a
C
u
r
a
t
i
o
n
O
:
W
r
i
t
i
n
g
-
O
r
i
g
i
n
a
l
D
r
a
f
t
E
:
W
r
i
t
i
n
g
-
R
e
v
i
e
w
&
E
d
i
t
i
n
g
Vi
:
Vi
su
a
l
i
z
a
t
i
o
n
Su
:
Su
p
e
r
v
i
si
o
n
P
:
P
r
o
j
e
c
t
a
d
mi
n
i
st
r
a
t
i
o
n
Fu
:
Fu
n
d
i
n
g
a
c
q
u
i
si
t
i
o
n
CO
NF
L
I
C
T
O
F
I
N
T
E
R
E
S
T
ST
A
T
E
M
E
NT
Au
t
h
o
r
s
s
tate
n
o
co
n
f
lic
t o
f
i
n
t
er
est.
DATA AV
AI
L
AB
I
L
I
T
Y
T
h
e
d
ata
s
u
p
p
o
r
tin
g
th
e
f
i
n
d
i
n
g
s
o
f
th
is
s
tu
d
y
ar
e
a
v
ailab
l
e
f
r
o
m
th
e
Dep
ar
t
m
e
n
t
o
f
C
o
o
p
er
ativ
es
an
d
SME
s
o
f
P
esa
w
ar
an
R
eg
e
n
c
y
.
RE
F
E
R
E
NC
E
S
[
1
]
S
.
H
a
y
a
t
i
a
n
d
H
.
F
a
t
a
r
i
b
,
“
T
h
e
R
o
l
e
o
f
S
mal
l
a
n
d
M
e
d
i
u
m
M
i
c
r
o
En
t
e
r
p
r
i
se
s
(
M
S
M
Es)
i
n
E
c
o
n
o
mi
c
D
e
v
e
l
o
p
me
n
t
i
n
B
a
n
d
a
r
L
a
mp
u
n
g
,
”
I
n
t
e
r
n
a
t
i
o
n
a
l
J
o
u
rn
a
l
o
f
En
v
i
r
o
n
m
e
n
t
a
l
,
S
u
st
a
i
n
a
b
i
l
i
t
y
a
n
d
S
o
c
i
a
l
S
c
i
e
n
c
e
,
v
o
l
.
3
,
n
o
.
3
,
p
p
.
5
7
1
–
5
7
6
,
N
o
v
.
2
0
2
2
,
d
o
i
:
1
0
.
3
8
1
4
2
/
i
j
e
sss.v
3
i
3
.
2
4
7
.
[
2
]
I
.
M
.
H
a
si
b
u
a
n
,
R
.
Er
i
a
n
t
o
,
a
n
d
S
.
S
u
g
i
a
n
t
o
,
“
C
o
n
t
r
i
b
u
t
i
o
n
o
f
T
h
e
M
i
c
r
o
,
S
mal
l
a
n
d
M
e
d
i
u
m
E
n
t
e
r
p
r
i
se
s
(
U
M
K
M
)
S
e
c
t
o
r
t
o
T
h
e
I
n
d
o
n
e
si
a
n
Ec
o
n
o
my
,
”
Pro
c
e
e
d
i
n
g
I
n
t
e
r
n
a
t
i
o
n
a
l
S
e
m
i
n
a
r
o
n
I
sl
a
m
i
c
S
t
u
d
i
e
s
,
v
o
l
.
5
,
n
o
.
1
,
2
0
2
4
.
[
3
]
Y
.
F
.
I
l
a
h
i
,
M
.
A
b
i
d
i
n
,
V
.
M
.
E
k
o
w
a
t
i
,
a
n
d
C
.
I
.
L
e
sman
a
,
“
T
h
e
R
o
l
e
o
f
M
i
c
r
o
,
S
m
a
l
l
a
n
d
M
e
d
i
u
m
En
t
e
r
p
r
i
se
s
(
M
S
M
Es)
i
n
A
l
l
e
v
i
a
t
i
n
g
P
o
v
e
r
t
y
C
a
u
se
d
b
y
U
n
e
mp
l
o
y
m
e
n
t
,
”
J
u
rn
a
l
Ek
o
n
o
m
i
P
e
m
b
a
n
g
u
n
a
n
,
v
o
l
.
2
1
,
n
o
.
0
2
,
p
p
.
9
8
–
1
1
4
,
D
e
c
.
2
0
2
3
,
d
o
i
:
1
0
.
2
2
2
1
9
/
j
e
p
.
v
2
1
i
0
2
.
2
7
3
3
1
.
[
4
]
Y
.
M
.
H
a
r
t
a
r
i
n
i
,
“
E
n
h
a
n
c
i
n
g
M
a
r
k
e
t
i
n
g
P
e
r
f
o
r
man
c
e
I
n
M
S
M
ES:
Em
p
i
r
i
c
a
l
R
e
se
a
r
c
h
F
r
o
m
S
e
maran
g
,
C
e
n
t
r
a
l
Jav
a
,
I
n
d
o
n
e
si
a
,
”
Ma
n
a
g
e
m
e
n
t
An
a
l
y
si
s
J
o
u
r
n
a
l
,
v
o
l
.
1
2
,
n
o
.
3
,
p
p
.
3
8
5
–
3
9
4
,
N
o
v
.
2
0
2
3
,
d
o
i
:
1
0
.
1
5
2
9
4
/
ma
j
.
v
1
2
i
3
.
7
2
7
3
9
.
[
5
]
S
.
K
a
j
a
l
o
a
n
d
A
.
L
i
n
d
b
l
o
m,
“
M
a
r
k
e
t
o
r
i
e
n
t
a
t
i
o
n
,
e
n
t
r
e
p
r
e
n
e
u
r
i
a
l
o
r
i
e
n
t
a
t
i
o
n
a
n
d
b
u
si
n
e
ss
p
e
r
f
o
r
man
c
e
a
mo
n
g
smal
l
r
e
t
a
i
l
e
r
s,”
I
n
t
e
r
n
a
t
i
o
n
a
l
J
o
u
r
n
a
l
o
f
R
e
t
a
i
l
a
n
d
D
i
st
ri
b
u
t
i
o
n
M
a
n
a
g
e
m
e
n
t
,
v
o
l
.
4
3
,
n
o
.
7
,
p
p
.
5
8
0
–
5
9
6
,
J
u
l
.
2
0
1
5
,
d
o
i
:
1
0
.
1
1
0
8
/
I
JR
D
M
-
04
-
2
0
1
4
-
0
0
4
4
.
[
6
]
K
.
K
u
r
o
w
k
sa,
R
.
M
a
r
k
s
-
Bi
e
l
sk
a
,
S
.
B
i
e
l
sk
i
,
A
.
A
l
e
k
n
a
v
i
č
i
u
s,
a
n
d
C
.
K
o
w
a
l
c
z
y
k
,
“
G
e
o
g
r
a
p
h
i
c
i
n
f
o
r
ma
t
i
o
n
sy
st
e
ms
a
n
d
t
h
e
su
st
a
i
n
a
b
l
e
d
e
v
e
l
o
p
me
n
t
o
f
r
u
r
a
l
a
r
e
a
s,”
L
a
n
d
,
v
o
l
.
1
0
,
n
o
.
1
,
p
.
6
,
D
e
c
.
2
0
2
0
,
d
o
i
:
1
0
.
3
3
9
0
/
l
a
n
d
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
6
.
[
7
]
V
.
P
r
a
k
a
s
h
a
n
d
D
.
T
i
w
a
r
i
,
“
R
o
l
e
o
f
g
e
o
sp
a
t
i
a
l
t
e
c
h
n
o
l
o
g
y
i
n
u
r
b
a
n
p
l
a
n
n
i
n
g
t
o
a
c
h
i
e
v
e
su
s
t
a
i
n
a
b
l
e
d
e
v
e
l
o
p
men
t
,
”
I
n
t
e
rn
a
t
i
o
n
a
l
J
o
u
rn
a
l
o
f
C
r
e
a
t
i
v
e
Re
s
e
a
rc
h
T
h
o
u
g
h
t
s
(
I
J
C
RT)
,
v
o
l
.
1
1
,
n
o
.
1
1
,
2
0
2
3
.
[
O
n
l
i
n
e
]
.
A
v
a
i
l
a
b
l
e
:
h
t
t
p
s:
/
/
w
w
w
.
i
j
c
r
t
.
o
r
g
/
p
a
p
e
r
s/
I
JC
R
T
2
3
1
1
3
1
8
.
p
d
f
[
8
]
D
.
H
a
r
d
i
y
a
n
t
o
,
M
.
S
h
o
l
e
h
,
a
n
d
R
.
Y
.
R
a
c
h
m
a
w
a
t
i
,
“
O
p
t
i
m
i
z
a
t
i
o
n
o
f
i
n
f
o
r
mat
i
o
n
t
e
c
h
n
o
l
o
g
y
u
t
i
l
i
z
a
t
i
o
n
b
a
s
e
d
o
n
g
e
o
g
r
a
p
h
y
i
n
f
o
r
mat
i
o
n
sy
st
e
m
a
s
a
m
a
r
k
e
t
i
n
g
me
d
i
a
f
o
r
mi
c
r
o
,
sm
a
l
l
,
a
n
d
me
d
i
u
m
e
n
t
e
r
p
r
i
se
s
t
o
i
m
p
r
o
v
e
c
o
mp
e
t
i
t
i
v
e
n
e
ss
i
n
B
a
n
t
u
l
R
e
g
e
n
c
y
,
I
n
d
o
n
e
si
a
,
”
i
n
I
O
P
C
o
n
f
e
r
e
n
c
e
S
e
r
i
e
s:
M
a
t
e
ri
a
l
s
S
c
i
e
n
c
e
a
n
d
En
g
i
n
e
e
ri
n
g
,
v
o
l
.
8
0
7
,
n
o
.
1
,
p
.
0
1
2
0
1
0
,
M
a
r
.
2
0
2
0
,
d
o
i
:
1
0
.
1
0
8
8
/
1
7
5
7
-
8
9
9
x
/
8
0
7
/
1
/
0
1
2
0
1
0
.
[
9
]
A
.
P
t
a
k
-
C
h
mi
e
l
e
w
sk
a
a
n
d
A
.
C
h
ł
o
ń
-
D
o
mi
ń
c
z
a
k
,
“
S
p
a
t
i
a
l
c
o
n
d
i
t
i
o
n
s
s
u
p
p
o
r
t
i
n
g
su
s
t
a
i
n
a
b
l
e
d
e
v
e
l
o
p
me
n
t
o
f
e
n
t
e
r
p
r
i
se
s
o
n
l
o
c
a
l
l
e
v
e
l
,
”
S
u
st
a
i
n
a
b
i
l
i
t
y
,
v
o
l
.
1
3
,
n
o
.
4
,
p
.
2
2
9
2
,
F
e
b
.
2
0
2
1
,
d
o
i
:
1
0
.
3
3
9
0
/
s
u
1
3
0
4
2
2
9
2
.
[
1
0
]
N
.
F
.
A
.
M
.
L
e
h
a
n
a
n
d
K
.
H
.
K
a
maru
d
i
n
,
“
G
e
o
sp
a
t
i
a
l
A
p
p
r
o
a
c
h
f
o
r
M
S
M
Es
B
u
s
i
n
e
ss
C
o
n
t
i
n
u
i
t
y
P
l
a
n
i
n
P
o
s
t
P
a
n
d
e
mi
c
Er
a
i
n
M
a
l
a
y
si
a
,
”
i
n
I
O
P
C
o
n
f
e
re
n
c
e
S
e
r
i
e
s:
E
a
rt
h
a
n
d
E
n
v
i
ro
n
m
e
n
t
a
l
S
c
i
e
n
c
e
,
v
o
l
.
1
2
6
4
,
n
o
.
1
,
p
.
0
1
2
0
0
1
,
N
o
v
.
2
0
2
3
,
d
o
i
:
1
0
.
1
0
8
8
/
1
7
5
5
-
1
3
1
5
/
1
2
6
4
/
1
/
0
1
2
0
0
1
.
[
1
1
]
M
.
F
.
F
.
M
u
’
t
a
mar,
M
.
U
l
y
a
,
B
.
B
u
r
h
a
n
,
a
n
d
F
.
K
u
r
n
i
a
w
a
n
,
“
S
o
c
i
a
l
M
e
d
i
a
M
a
r
k
e
t
i
n
g
a
n
d
S
u
s
t
a
i
n
a
b
i
l
i
t
y
o
f
S
mal
l
a
n
d
M
e
d
i
u
m
En
t
e
r
p
r
i
se
s (S
M
Es)
D
u
r
i
n
g
C
O
V
I
D
-
1
9
P
a
n
d
e
mi
c
:
C
a
se
S
t
u
d
y
o
f
G
u
c
h
e
e
z
,
C
e
n
t
r
a
l
Jav
a
,
I
n
d
o
n
e
si
a
,
”
A
g
ri
e
k
o
n
o
m
i
k
a
J
u
r
n
a
l
S
o
s
i
a
l
E
k
o
n
o
m
i
d
a
n
Pe
r
t
a
n
i
a
n
,
v
o
l
.
1
2
,
n
o
.
1
,
p
p
.
9
5
–
1
0
2
,
M
a
y
2
0
2
3
,
d
o
i
:
1
0
.
2
1
1
0
7
/
a
g
r
i
e
k
o
n
o
mi
k
a
.
v
1
2
i
1
.
1
6
5
2
4
.
[
1
2
]
S
.
K
u
mar,
U
.
G
o
e
l
,
P
.
Jo
sh
i
,
a
n
d
A
.
Jo
h
r
i
,
“
F
a
c
t
o
r
s
a
f
f
e
c
t
i
n
g
I
n
f
o
r
mat
i
o
n
&
C
o
mm
u
n
i
c
a
t
i
o
n
T
e
c
h
n
o
l
o
g
y
(
I
C
T
)
a
d
o
p
t
i
o
n
a
mo
n
g
M
S
M
Es,
”
J
o
u
r
n
a
l
o
f
O
p
e
n
I
n
n
o
v
a
t
i
o
n
:
T
e
c
h
n
o
l
o
g
y
,
M
a
rk
e
t
,
a
n
d
C
o
m
p
l
e
x
i
t
y
,
v
o
l
.
1
0
,
n
o
.
1
,
M
a
r
.
2
0
2
4
,
d
o
i
:
1
0
.
1
0
1
6
/
j
.
j
o
i
t
mc
.
2
0
2
3
.
1
0
0
2
0
5
.
[
1
3
]
S
.
L
e
st
a
r
i
,
Y
u
l
mai
n
i
,
A
sw
i
n
,
S
y
l
v
i
a
,
Y
.
A
.
P
r
a
t
a
m
a
,
a
n
d
S
u
l
y
o
n
o
,
“
I
mp
l
e
me
n
t
a
t
i
o
n
o
f
t
h
e
C
4
.
5
a
l
g
o
r
i
t
h
m
f
o
r
mi
c
r
o
,
smal
l
,
a
n
d
me
d
i
u
m
e
n
t
e
r
p
r
i
se
s
c
l
a
ssi
f
i
c
a
t
i
o
n
,
”
I
n
t
e
r
n
a
t
i
o
n
a
l
J
o
u
r
n
a
l
o
f
El
e
c
t
ri
c
a
l
a
n
d
C
o
m
p
u
t
e
r
E
n
g
i
n
e
e
ri
n
g
,
v
o
l
.
1
2
,
n
o
.
6
,
p
p
.
6
7
0
7
–
6
7
1
5
,
D
e
c
.
2
0
2
2
,
d
o
i
:
1
0
.
1
1
5
9
1
/
i
j
e
c
e
.
v
1
2
i
6
.
p
p
6
7
0
7
-
6
7
1
5
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
T
E
L
KOM
NI
K
A
T
elec
o
m
m
u
n
C
o
m
p
u
t E
l
C
o
n
tr
o
l
Op
timiz
a
tio
n
o
f MS
MEs p
r
o
mo
tio
n
s
tr
a
teg
y
u
s
in
g
GI
S
w
ith
r
a
n
d
o
m
fo
r
est a
lg
o
r
ith
m
a
n
d
A
-
s
ta
r
…
(
S
u
lyo
n
o
)
1533
[
1
4
]
M
.
M
o
j
s
i
l
o
v
i
ć
,
R
.
C
v
e
j
i
ć
,
S
.
P
e
p
i
ć
,
D
.
K
a
r
a
b
a
še
v
i
ć
,
M
.
S
a
r
a
č
e
v
i
ć
,
a
n
d
D
.
S
t
a
n
u
j
k
i
ć
,
“
S
t
a
t
i
st
i
c
a
l
e
v
a
l
u
a
t
i
o
n
o
f
t
h
e
a
c
h
i
e
v
e
me
n
t
s
o
f
p
r
o
f
e
ssi
o
n
a
l
st
u
d
e
n
t
s b
y
c
o
mb
i
n
a
t
i
o
n
o
f
t
h
e
r
a
n
d
o
m
f
o
r
e
st
a
l
g
o
r
i
t
h
m
a
n
d
t
h
e
A
N
F
I
S
m
e
t
h
o
d
,
”
H
e
l
i
y
o
n
,
v
o
l
.
9
,
n
o
.
1
1
,
N
o
v
.
2
0
2
3
,
d
o
i
:
1
0
.
1
0
1
6
/
j
.
h
e
l
i
y
o
n
.
2
0
2
3
.
e
2
1
7
6
8
.
[
1
5
]
Q
.
D
u
a
n
d
J
.
Z
h
a
i
,
“
A
p
p
l
i
c
a
t
i
o
n
o
f
a
r
t
i
f
i
c
i
a
l
i
n
t
e
l
l
i
g
e
n
c
e
S
e
n
so
r
s
b
a
se
d
o
n
r
a
n
d
o
m
f
o
r
e
st
a
l
g
o
r
i
t
h
m
i
n
f
i
n
a
n
c
i
a
l
r
e
c
o
g
n
i
t
i
o
n
mo
d
e
l
s,”
Me
a
s
u
reme
n
t
:
S
e
n
so
rs
,
v
o
l
.
3
3
,
p
.
1
0
1
2
4
5
,
J
u
n
.
2
0
2
4
,
d
o
i
:
1
0
.
1
0
1
6
/
j
.
me
a
se
n
.
2
0
2
4
.
1
0
1
2
4
5
.
[
1
6
]
T
.
Y
a
n
,
R
.
X
u
,
S
.
H
.
S
u
n
,
Z
.
K
.
H
o
u
,
a
n
d
J
.
Y
.
F
e
n
g
,
“
A
r
e
a
l
-
t
i
me
i
n
t
e
l
l
i
g
e
n
t
l
i
t
h
o
l
o
g
y
i
d
e
n
t
i
f
i
c
a
t
i
o
n
me
t
h
o
d
b
a
s
e
d
o
n
a
d
y
n
a
m
i
c
f
e
l
l
i
n
g
st
r
a
t
e
g
y
w
e
i
g
h
t
e
d
r
a
n
d
o
m
f
o
r
e
st
a
l
g
o
r
i
t
h
m,”
Pe
t
ro
l
e
u
m
S
c
i
e
n
c
e
,
v
o
l
.
2
1
,
n
o
.
2
,
p
p
.
1
1
3
5
–
1
1
4
8
,
A
p
r
.
2
0
2
4
,
d
o
i
:
1
0
.
1
0
1
6
/
j
.
p
e
t
s
c
i
.
2
0
2
3
.
0
9
.
0
1
1
.
[
1
7
]
M
.
S
c
h
o
n
l
a
u
a
n
d
R
.
Y
.
Z
o
u
,
“
Th
e
r
a
n
d
o
m
f
o
r
e
st
a
l
g
o
r
i
t
h
m
f
o
r
st
a
t
i
st
i
c
a
l
l
e
a
r
n
i
n
g
,
”
T
h
e
S
t
a
t
a
J
o
u
rn
a
l
:
Pr
o
m
o
t
i
n
g
c
o
m
m
u
n
i
c
a
t
i
o
n
s
o
n
s
t
a
t
i
s
t
i
c
s
a
n
d
S
t
a
t
a
,
v
o
l
.
2
0
,
n
o
.
1
,
p
p
.
3
–
2
9
,
M
a
r
.
2
0
2
0
,
d
o
i
:
1
0
.
1
1
7
7
/
1
5
3
6
8
6
7
x
2
0
9
0
9
6
8
8
.
[
1
8
]
Y
.
X
i
n
g
,
Q
.
L
i
u
,
R
.
H
u
,
H
.
G
u
,
R
.
T
a
h
e
r
d
a
n
g
k
o
o
,
a
n
d
T
.
P
t
a
k
,
“
G
l
o
b
a
l
se
n
si
t
i
v
i
t
y
a
n
a
l
y
si
s
o
f
w
a
t
e
r
l
e
v
e
l
r
e
sp
o
n
se
t
o
h
a
r
mo
n
i
c
a
q
u
i
f
e
r
d
i
st
u
r
b
a
n
c
e
s
t
h
r
o
u
g
h
a
M
o
n
t
e
-
C
a
r
l
o
b
a
se
d
su
r
r
o
g
a
t
e
mo
d
e
l
w
i
t
h
r
a
n
d
o
m
f
o
r
e
st
a
l
g
o
r
i
t
h
m,”
J
o
u
r
n
a
l
o
f
H
y
d
r
o
l
o
g
y
,
v
o
l
.
6
4
1
,
p
.
1
3
1
7
7
5
,
S
e
p
.
2
0
2
4
,
d
o
i
:
1
0
.
1
0
1
6
/
j
.
j
h
y
d
r
o
l
.
2
0
2
4
.
1
3
1
7
7
5
.
[
1
9
]
M
.
C
h
e
n
e
t
a
l
.
,
“
L
i
p
i
d
o
mi
c
s
c
o
m
b
i
n
e
d
w
i
t
h
r
a
n
d
o
m
f
o
r
e
st
ma
c
h
i
n
e
l
e
a
r
n
i
n
g
a
l
g
o
r
i
t
h
ms
t
o
r
e
v
e
a
l
f
r
e
sh
n
e
ss
mar
k
e
r
s
f
o
r
d
u
c
k
e
g
g
s
du
r
i
n
g
st
o
r
a
g
e
i
n
d
i
f
f
e
r
e
n
t
r
e
a
r
i
n
g
sy
st
e
ms,”
Po
u
l
t
ry
S
c
i
e
n
c
e
,
v
o
l
.
1
0
3
,
n
o
.
1
1
,
p
.
1
0
4
2
0
1
,
N
o
v
.
2
0
2
4
,
d
o
i
:
1
0
.
1
0
1
6
/
j
.
p
s
j
.
2
0
2
4
.
1
0
4
2
0
1
.
[
2
0
]
R
.
A
.
D
i
sh
a
a
n
d
S
.
W
a
h
e
e
d
,
“
P
e
r
f
o
r
man
c
e
a
n
a
l
y
si
s
o
f
mac
h
i
n
e
l
e
a
r
n
i
n
g
mo
d
e
l
s
f
o
r
i
n
t
r
u
s
i
o
n
d
e
t
e
c
t
i
o
n
s
y
st
e
m
u
si
n
g
G
i
n
i
I
mp
u
r
i
t
y
-
b
a
se
d
W
e
i
g
h
t
e
d
R
a
n
d
o
m
F
o
r
e
st
(
G
I
W
R
F
)
f
e
a
t
u
r
e
sel
e
c
t
i
o
n
t
e
c
h
n
i
q
u
e
,
”
C
y
b
e
rs
e
c
u
r
i
t
y
,
v
o
l
.
5
,
n
o
.
1
,
Ja
n
.
2
0
2
2
,
d
o
i
:
1
0
.
1
1
8
6
/
s
4
2
4
0
0
-
0
2
1
-
0
0
1
0
3
-
8.
[
2
1
]
F
.
H
.
F
.
L
e
i
t
e
e
t
a
l
.
,
“
S
u
r
g
i
c
a
l
p
l
a
n
n
i
n
g
o
f
h
o
r
i
z
o
n
t
a
l
st
r
a
b
i
smu
s
u
s
i
n
g
mu
l
t
i
p
l
e
o
u
t
p
u
t
r
e
g
r
e
ssi
o
n
t
r
e
e
,
”
C
o
m
p
u
t
e
r
s
i
n
B
i
o
l
o
g
y
a
n
d
Me
d
i
c
i
n
e
,
v
o
l
.
1
3
4
,
p
.
1
0
4
4
9
3
,
Ju
l
.
2
0
2
1
,
d
o
i
:
1
0
.
1
0
1
6
/
j
.
c
o
mp
b
i
o
me
d
.
2
0
2
1
.
1
0
4
4
9
3
.
[
2
2
]
T
.
H
.
W
u
,
P
.
Y
.
C
h
e
n
,
C
.
C
.
C
h
e
n
,
M
.
J
.
C
h
u
n
g
,
Z
.
K
.
Y
e
,
a
n
d
M
.
H
.
L
i
,
“
C
l
a
ss
i
f
i
c
a
t
i
o
n
a
n
d
R
e
g
r
e
ssi
o
n
T
r
e
e
(
C
A
R
T
)
-
b
a
se
d
e
st
i
mat
i
o
n
o
f
so
i
l
w
a
t
e
r
c
o
n
t
e
n
t
b
a
se
d
o
n
me
t
e
o
r
o
l
o
g
i
c
a
l
i
n
p
u
t
s
a
n
d
e
x
p
l
o
r
a
t
i
o
n
s
o
f
h
y
d
r
o
d
y
n
a
mi
c
s
b
e
h
i
n
d
,
”
A
g
ri
c
u
l
t
u
r
a
l
W
a
t
e
r
Ma
n
a
g
e
m
e
n
t
,
v
o
l
.
2
9
9
,
p
.
1
0
8
8
6
9
,
Ju
n
.
2
0
2
4
,
d
o
i
:
1
0
.
1
0
1
6
/
j
.
a
g
w
a
t
.
2
0
2
4
.
1
0
8
8
6
9
.
[
2
3
]
E.
A
u
h
e
t
a
l
.
,
“
U
n
l
o
a
d
i
n
g
se
q
u
e
n
c
e
p
l
a
n
n
i
n
g
f
o
r
a
u
t
o
n
o
mo
u
s
r
o
b
o
t
i
c
c
o
n
t
a
i
n
e
r
-
u
n
l
o
a
d
i
n
g
sy
st
e
m
u
si
n
g
A
-
st
a
r
se
a
r
c
h
a
l
g
o
r
i
t
h
m,
”
En
g
i
n
e
e
ri
n
g
S
c
i
e
n
c
e
a
n
d
T
e
c
h
n
o
l
o
g
y
,
a
n
I
n
t
e
r
n
a
t
i
o
n
a
l
J
o
u
r
n
a
l
,
v
o
l
.
5
0
,
p
.
1
0
1
6
1
0
,
F
e
b
.
2
0
2
4
,
d
o
i
:
1
0
.
1
0
1
6
/
j
.
j
e
st
c
h
.
2
0
2
3
.
1
0
1
6
1
0
.
[
2
4
]
T
.
W
a
n
g
,
G
.
W
a
n
g
,
X
.
W
E
I
,
a
n
d
Y
.
LI
,
“
A
st
a
r
i
d
e
n
t
i
f
i
c
a
t
i
o
n
a
l
g
o
r
i
t
h
m
f
o
r
r
o
l
l
i
n
g
sh
u
t
t
e
r
e
x
p
o
su
r
e
b
a
se
d
o
n
H
o
u
g
h
t
r
a
n
sf
o
r
m,
”
C
h
i
n
e
se
J
o
u
r
n
a
l
o
f
A
e
ro
n
a
u
t
i
c
s
,
v
o
l
.
3
7
,
n
o
.
6
,
p
p
.
3
1
9
–
3
3
0
,
Ju
n
.
2
0
2
4
,
d
o
i
:
1
0
.
1
0
1
6
/
j
.
c
j
a
.
2
0
2
3
.
1
2
.
0
3
2
.
[
2
5
]
O
.
O
.
M
a
r
t
i
n
s,
A
.
A
.
A
d
e
k
u
n
l
e
,
O
.
M
.
O
l
a
n
i
y
a
n
,
a
n
d
B
.
O
.
B
o
l
a
j
i
,
“
A
n
I
mp
r
o
v
e
d
mu
l
t
i
-
o
b
j
e
c
t
i
v
e
a
-
st
a
r
a
l
g
o
r
i
t
h
m
f
o
r
p
a
t
h
p
l
a
n
n
i
n
g
i
n
a
l
a
r
g
e
w
o
r
k
sp
a
c
e
:
D
e
si
g
n
,
I
mp
l
e
me
n
t
a
t
i
o
n
,
a
n
d
Ev
a
l
u
a
t
i
o
n
,
”
S
c
i
e
n
t
i
f
i
c
Af
r
i
c
a
n
,
v
o
l
.
1
5
,
p
.
e
0
1
0
6
8
,
M
a
r
.
2
0
2
2
,
d
o
i
:
1
0
.
1
0
1
6
/
j
.
sc
i
a
f
.
2
0
2
1
.
e
0
1
0
6
8
.
[
2
6
]
M
.
H
.
P
.
Y
u
d
h
a
,
S
.
S
u
p
i
a
n
,
a
n
d
H
.
N
a
p
i
t
u
p
u
l
u
,
“
O
p
t
i
mal
i
z
a
t
i
o
n
R
o
u
t
e
t
o
T
o
u
r
i
sm
P
l
a
c
e
s
i
n
W
e
st
Jav
a
U
si
n
g
A
-
S
TA
R
A
l
g
o
r
i
t
h
m
,
”
C
AU
C
H
Y
:
J
u
r
n
a
l
M
a
t
e
m
a
t
i
k
a
M
u
rn
i
d
a
n
Ap
l
i
k
a
s
i
,
v
o
l
.
7
,
n
o
.
3
,
p
p
.
4
6
4
–
4
7
3
,
O
c
t
.
2
0
2
2
,
d
o
i
:
1
0
.
1
8
8
6
0
/
c
a
.
v
7
i
3
.
1
7
0
3
2
.
B
I
O
G
RAP
H
I
E
S O
F
AUTH
O
RS
S
u
ly
o
n
o
g
ra
d
u
a
ted
in
t
h
e
In
f
o
r
m
a
ti
c
s
En
g
in
e
e
rin
g
S
tu
d
y
P
ro
g
ra
m
,
F
a
c
u
lt
y
o
f
Co
m
p
u
ter
S
c
ien
c
e
,
Da
rm
a
ja
y
a
In
stit
u
te
o
f
In
f
o
rm
a
ti
c
s
a
n
d
Bu
sin
e
ss
in
2
0
0
7
,
g
ra
d
u
a
ted
M
a
ste
r’s
p
ro
g
ra
m
in
I
n
f
o
r
m
a
ti
c
s
E
n
g
in
e
e
rin
g
w
it
h
a
sp
e
c
ializa
ti
o
n
in
S
o
f
tw
a
re
E
n
g
in
e
e
rin
g
,
Da
r
m
a
ja
y
a
In
stit
u
te
o
f
In
f
o
rm
a
ti
c
s
a
n
d
Bu
sin
e
ss
in
2
0
1
5
.
Be
c
a
m
e
a
p
ro
g
ra
m
m
e
r
sin
c
e
sitt
in
g
o
n
th
e
lec
tu
re
b
e
n
c
h
,
t
h
e
a
p
p
li
c
a
ti
o
n
p
r
o
d
u
c
t
h
a
s
b
e
e
n
w
id
e
ly
u
se
d
b
y
u
se
rs.
Cu
rre
n
tl
y
,
h
e
is
a
p
e
rm
a
n
e
n
t
l
e
c
tu
re
r
in
th
e
In
f
o
rm
a
ti
c
s
En
g
in
e
e
rin
g
S
tu
d
y
P
ro
g
ra
m
,
F
a
c
u
lt
y
o
f
Co
m
p
u
ter
S
c
ien
c
e
,
Da
r
m
a
ja
y
a
In
stit
u
te
o
f
In
f
o
rm
a
ti
c
s
a
n
d
Bu
sin
e
ss
,
Ba
n
d
a
r
L
a
m
p
u
n
g
Cit
y
,
L
a
m
p
u
n
g
P
r
o
v
in
c
e
.
Ca
p
a
b
le
o
f
p
r
o
g
ra
m
m
i
n
g
-
b
a
se
d
c
o
u
rse
s
f
ro
m
th
e
f
irst
se
m
e
ste
r
to
th
e
f
in
a
l
se
m
e
ste
r.
H
a
s
a
tt
e
n
d
e
d
se
v
e
r
a
l
p
iec
e
s
o
f
tr
a
in
in
g
th
a
t
a
re
a
p
p
ro
p
riate
in
th
e
f
ield
o
f
te
a
c
h
in
g
,
e
sp
e
c
iall
y
p
ro
g
ra
m
m
in
g
.
He
c
a
n
b
e
c
o
n
tac
te
d
a
t
e
m
a
il
:
su
ly
o
n
o
@d
a
rm
a
ja
y
a
.
a
c
.
id
.
S
u
c
i
M
u
tia
r
a
G
ra
d
u
a
ted
in
th
e
In
f
o
r
m
a
ti
c
s
En
g
in
e
e
rin
g
S
tu
d
y
P
r
o
g
ra
m
,
F
a
c
u
lt
y
o
f
Co
m
p
u
ter
S
c
ien
c
e
,
Da
r
m
a
ja
y
a
In
stit
u
te
o
f
In
f
o
rm
a
ti
c
s
a
n
d
Bu
sin
e
ss
in
2
0
1
6
,
g
ra
d
u
a
ted
M
a
ste
r’s
p
ro
g
ra
m
in
I
n
f
o
rm
a
ti
c
s
E
n
g
in
e
e
rin
g
w
it
h
a
sp
e
c
ializ
a
ti
o
n
i
n
D
e
c
isio
n
S
u
p
p
o
rt
S
y
st
e
m
s,
Da
r
m
a
ja
y
a
In
stit
u
te
o
f
In
f
o
rm
a
ti
c
s
a
n
d
Bu
si
n
e
ss
in
2
0
1
8
.
He
r
re
se
a
rc
h
in
t
e
re
sts
in
c
lu
d
e
so
f
twa
re
d
e
v
e
lo
p
m
e
n
t,
d
e
c
isio
n
su
p
p
o
r
t
sy
ste
m
s,
a
n
d
f
u
z
z
y
lo
g
ic
a
p
p
li
c
a
ti
o
n
s.
S
h
e
i
s
in
v
o
lv
e
d
in
se
v
e
ra
l
re
se
a
rc
h
p
ro
jec
ts
f
o
c
u
sin
g
o
n
w
e
b
-
b
a
se
d
s
y
ste
m
s,
m
o
b
il
e
a
p
p
li
c
a
ti
o
n
s,
a
n
d
th
e
in
teg
ra
ti
o
n
o
f
in
f
o
rm
a
ti
o
n
tec
h
n
o
lo
g
y
f
o
r
c
o
m
m
u
n
it
y
d
e
v
e
lo
p
m
e
n
t.
S
h
e
c
a
n
b
e
c
o
n
tac
ted
a
t
e
m
a
il
:
su
c
im
u
ti
a
ra
@d
a
r
m
a
ja
y
a
.
a
c
.
id
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.
I
SS
N
:
1
6
9
3
-
6930
T
E
L
KOM
NI
K
A
T
elec
o
m
m
u
n
C
o
m
p
u
t E
l
C
o
n
tr
o
l
,
Vo
l.
24
,
No
.
5
,
Octo
b
e
r
20
26
:
1
5
2
6
-
1534
1534
Ag
u
s
Ra
h
a
r
d
i
lec
tu
re
r
in
th
e
In
f
o
rm
a
ti
o
n
S
y
ste
m
s
S
tu
d
y
P
ro
g
ra
m
a
t
th
e
Da
r
m
a
ja
y
a
In
stit
u
te
o
f
In
f
o
r
m
a
ti
c
s
a
n
d
Bu
sin
e
ss
,
h
e
h
a
s
a
stro
n
g
in
tere
st
in
so
f
tw
a
re
d
e
v
e
lo
p
m
e
n
t,
d
a
ta sc
ien
c
e
,
a
n
d
in
f
o
r
m
a
ti
o
n
s
y
ste
m
s.
S
in
c
e
b
e
g
in
n
i
n
g
h
is ca
re
e
r
a
s a
l
e
c
tu
re
r
in
S
e
p
tem
b
e
r
2
0
0
8
,
h
e
h
a
s
b
e
e
n
c
o
m
m
it
ted
to
c
o
n
ti
n
u
o
u
sly
d
e
v
e
lo
p
in
g
h
is
tec
h
n
ica
l
sk
il
ls
a
n
d
c
o
n
tri
b
u
ti
n
g
to
t
h
e
tri
d
h
a
rm
a
o
f
h
ig
h
e
r
e
d
u
c
a
ti
o
n
,
n
a
m
e
l
y
tea
c
h
in
g
,
re
se
a
r
c
h
,
a
n
d
c
o
m
m
u
n
it
y
se
rv
ice
.
He
is
c
u
rre
n
tl
y
p
u
rsu
i
n
g
a
Do
c
to
ra
l
d
e
g
re
e
a
t
t
h
e
U
n
iv
e
rsity
o
f
L
a
m
p
u
n
g
,
f
o
c
u
sin
g
o
n
th
e
M
I
P
A
S
t
u
d
y
P
ro
g
ra
m
to
o
b
t
a
in
a
D
o
c
to
ra
te
i
n
C
o
m
p
u
ter
S
c
i
e
n
c
e
.
A
s
a
lec
tu
re
r,
h
e
h
a
s
b
e
e
n
in
v
o
lv
e
d
i
n
v
a
rio
u
s
p
r
o
jec
t
s
th
a
t
su
p
p
o
rt
th
e
d
e
v
e
lo
p
m
e
n
t
o
f
in
f
o
r
m
a
ti
o
n
sy
st
e
m
s
a
n
d
d
ig
it
a
l
tran
sf
o
rm
a
ti
o
n
in
v
a
rio
u
s
se
c
to
rs.
He
a
l
w
a
y
s
stri
v
e
s
to
g
i
v
e
h
is
b
e
st,
b
o
t
h
in
tea
c
h
i
n
g
a
n
d
in
c
o
n
d
u
c
ti
n
g
re
se
a
rc
h
in
th
e
f
ield
o
f
in
f
o
r
m
a
ti
o
n
tec
h
n
o
lo
g
y
.
He
c
a
n
b
e
c
o
n
tac
ted
a
t
e
m
a
il
:
a
g
u
s.rah
a
rd
i@d
a
rm
a
ja
y
a
.
a
c
.
id
.
S
r
i
Le
sta
r
i
o
b
tai
n
e
d
h
e
r
D
o
c
to
ra
te
(Dr)
f
ro
m
th
e
El
e
c
tri
c
a
l
E
n
g
in
e
e
rin
g
Do
c
t
o
r
P
r
o
g
ra
m
,
Un
iv
e
rsitas
G
a
d
jah
M
a
d
a
,
Yo
g
y
a
k
a
rta,
In
d
o
n
e
sia
in
2
0
1
9
.
S
h
e
is
a
lec
tu
re
r
i
n
t
h
e
De
p
a
rtme
n
t
o
f
Co
m
p
u
ter
S
c
ien
c
e
,
Da
r
m
a
ja
y
a
In
stit
u
te
o
f
In
f
o
rm
a
ti
c
s
a
n
d
Bu
si
n
e
ss
,
Ba
n
d
a
r
L
a
m
p
u
n
g
,
In
d
o
n
e
sia
.
He
r
r
e
se
a
rc
h
in
tere
sts
in
c
lu
d
e
a
rti
f
icia
l
i
n
t
e
ll
ig
e
n
c
e
,
re
c
o
m
m
e
n
d
a
ti
o
n
s
y
ste
m
,
c
o
ll
a
b
o
ra
ti
v
e
f
il
terin
g
,
d
a
ta
m
in
in
g
,
d
e
c
isio
n
su
p
p
o
rt
sy
ste
m
s,
a
n
d
so
f
tw
a
re
e
n
g
in
e
e
rin
g
.
He
r
re
p
re
se
n
tativ
e
p
u
b
li
s
h
e
d
a
rti
c
les
li
ste
d
a
s
f
o
ll
o
w
s:
“
Im
p
u
tatio
n
m
issin
g
v
a
lu
e
to
o
v
e
rc
o
m
e
sp
a
rsit
y
p
ro
b
lem
s
i
n
t
h
e
re
c
o
m
m
e
n
d
a
ti
o
n
sy
ste
m
”
(Ju
rn
a
l
Re
k
a
y
a
sa
S
istem
d
a
n
T
e
k
n
o
lo
g
i
In
f
o
rm
a
si
(RES
T
I),
V
o
l
7
No
.
1
,
2
0
2
3
).
“
Im
p
lem
e
n
tati
o
n
o
f
th
e
C4
.
5
a
lg
o
rit
h
m
f
o
r
m
icro
,
s
m
a
ll
,
a
n
d
m
e
d
iu
m
e
n
ter
p
rise
s
c
las
si
f
ica
ti
o
n
”
(In
tern
a
ti
o
n
a
l
Jo
u
rn
a
l
o
f
El
e
c
tri
c
a
l
a
n
d
Co
m
p
u
ter
En
g
in
e
e
rin
g
(IJECE),
V
o
l
1
2
N
o
.
6
,
2
0
2
2
)
.
“
T
h
e
i
m
p
ro
v
e
m
e
n
t
o
f
p
e
rso
n
a
l
se
rv
ic
e
in
th
e
M
S
M
Es
m
a
rk
e
tp
lac
e
u
sin
g
a
ra
n
k
-
b
a
se
d
c
o
ll
a
b
o
ra
ti
v
e
f
il
terin
g
a
p
p
ro
a
c
h
”
(I
n
tern
a
ti
o
n
a
l
Co
n
f
e
re
n
c
e
o
n
E
lec
tri
c
a
l
a
n
d
I
n
f
o
rm
a
ti
o
n
T
e
c
h
n
o
l
o
g
y
(IE
IT
),
P
o
li
tek
n
ik
Ne
g
e
ri
M
a
lan
g
,
2
0
2
2
).
“
P
o
ra
tRan
k
to
im
p
ro
v
e
p
e
rf
o
r
m
a
n
c
e
re
c
o
m
m
e
n
d
a
ti
o
n
s
y
ste
m
”
(Lec
tu
re
No
tes
in
El
e
c
tri
c
a
l
En
g
in
e
e
rin
g
,
S
p
r
in
g
e
r
2
0
2
1
),
De
c
isio
n
s
u
p
p
o
rt
sy
ste
m
f
o
r
se
rv
ice
q
u
a
li
ty
u
sin
g
S
M
A
RT
a
n
d
f
u
z
z
y
S
e
rv
Qu
a
l
m
e
th
o
d
s”
(JU
ITA
:
Ju
rn
a
l
In
f
o
rm
a
ti
k
a
,
2
0
2
1)
.
S
h
e
c
a
n
b
e
c
o
n
tac
ted
a
t
e
m
a
il
:
sriles
tari@d
a
rm
a
ja
y
a
.
a
c
.
id
.
Yu
l
m
a
in
i
o
b
tai
n
e
d
h
e
r
M
a
ste
r’s
d
e
g
re
e
f
ro
m
th
e
P
o
stg
ra
d
u
a
te
P
r
o
g
ra
m
,
a
t
Un
iv
e
rsitas
G
a
d
jah
M
a
d
a
,
Yo
g
y
a
k
a
rta,
In
d
o
n
e
sia
in
2
0
1
1
.
S
h
e
is
a
lec
tu
re
r
in
th
e
De
p
a
rtm
e
n
t
o
f
Co
m
p
u
ter
S
c
ien
c
e
,
Da
rm
a
ja
y
a
In
stit
u
te
o
f
In
f
o
rm
a
ti
c
s
a
n
d
B
u
sin
e
ss
,
Ba
n
d
a
r
L
a
m
p
u
n
g
,
In
d
o
n
e
sia
.
He
r
re
se
a
rc
h
i
n
ter
e
sts
in
c
l
u
d
e
a
rt
if
icia
l
in
telli
g
e
n
c
e
,
d
e
c
isio
n
s
u
p
p
o
rt
sy
ste
m
s,
a
n
d
so
f
t
w
a
re
e
n
g
in
e
e
rin
g
.
He
r
re
p
re
s
e
n
tativ
e
p
u
b
l
ish
e
d
a
rti
c
les
li
sts
a
s
f
o
ll
o
w
s:
“
A
p
p
li
c
a
ti
o
n
o
f
T
su
k
a
m
o
to
’s
f
u
z
z
y
in
fe
re
n
c
e
s
y
ste
m
in
d
e
term
in
a
ti
o
n
o
f
c
o
n
c
e
n
tratio
n
f
o
r
stu
d
e
n
ts’
th
e
si
s
to
p
i
c
s”
(Jo
u
r
n
a
l
o
f
Crit
ica
l
Re
v
iew
s,
2
0
1
9
),
“
F
o
rm
u
latin
g
a
h
ig
h
e
r
e
d
u
c
a
ti
o
n
c
o
m
p
e
ti
ti
v
e
n
e
ss
m
o
d
e
l”
(Jo
u
rn
a
l
o
f
T
a
len
t
De
v
e
l
o
p
m
e
n
t
a
n
d
Ex
c
e
ll
e
n
c
e
,
2
0
2
0
)
,
“
Co
m
p
e
ti
ti
v
e
n
e
ss
u
n
iv
e
rsiti
e
s
stra
teg
y
d
e
v
e
lo
p
m
e
n
t
b
a
se
d
o
n
th
e
re
se
a
rc
h
a
n
d
in
f
o
rm
a
ti
o
n
tec
h
n
o
lo
g
y
”
(Jo
u
r
n
a
l
o
f
En
g
in
e
e
rin
g
a
n
d
T
e
c
h
n
o
l
o
g
y
M
a
n
a
g
e
m
e
n
t,
2
0
2
0
)
.
S
h
e
c
a
n
b
e
c
o
n
tac
ted
a
t
e
m
a
il
:
y
u
l
m
a
in
i@d
a
r
m
a
ja
y
a
.
a
c
.
id
.
Ruk
i
Riz
a
l
Nu
l
Fi
k
r
i
g
ra
d
u
a
ted
i
n
t
h
e
In
f
o
rm
a
ti
c
s
En
g
in
e
e
rin
g
S
tu
d
y
P
ro
g
ra
m
,
F
a
c
u
lt
y
o
f
Co
m
p
u
ter
S
c
ien
c
e
,
Da
r
m
a
ja
y
a
In
stit
u
te
o
f
In
f
o
rm
a
t
ics
a
n
d
B
u
sin
e
ss
i
n
2
0
1
2
,
g
ra
d
u
a
te
M
a
ste
r’s
p
ro
g
ra
m
in
I
n
f
o
rm
a
ti
c
s
En
g
in
e
e
rin
g
w
it
h
a
sp
e
c
ializa
ti
o
n
i
n
S
o
f
tw
a
r
e
En
g
in
e
e
rin
g
,
Da
rm
a
ja
y
a
In
st
it
u
te
o
f
In
f
o
rm
a
ti
c
s
a
n
d
B
u
sin
e
s
s
in
2
0
1
5
.
He
d
e
v
e
lo
p
e
d
p
ro
g
ra
m
m
in
g
s
k
il
ls
d
u
ri
n
g
u
n
iv
e
r
sity
a
n
d
h
a
s
c
re
a
ted
a
p
p
li
c
a
ti
o
n
s
w
id
e
l
y
u
se
d
b
y
u
se
rs.
He
is
c
u
rre
n
tl
y
a
p
e
r
m
a
n
e
n
t
lec
tu
re
r
in
In
f
o
rm
a
ti
c
s
a
n
d
Bu
sin
e
ss
in
Ba
n
d
a
r
L
a
m
p
u
n
g
,
w
it
h
e
x
p
e
rien
c
e
tea
c
h
in
g
p
ro
g
ra
m
m
in
g
c
o
u
rse
s
f
ro
m
b
a
sic
to
a
d
v
a
n
c
e
d
lev
e
ls
a
n
d
p
a
rti
c
ip
a
ti
n
g
in
re
lev
a
n
t
p
ro
g
ra
m
m
in
g
a
n
d
so
f
tw
a
r
e
d
e
v
e
lo
p
m
e
n
t
train
in
g
.
He
c
a
n
b
e
c
o
n
tac
ted
a
t
e
m
a
il
:
ru
k
iri
z
a
l@d
a
rm
a
ja
y
a
.
a
c
.
id
.
Ali
S
y
a
r
ifu
d
d
i
n
is
a
n
a
c
ti
v
e
stu
d
e
n
t
in
th
e
In
f
o
rm
a
ti
c
s
En
g
in
e
e
rin
g
S
t
u
d
y
P
r
o
g
ra
m
,
Da
r
m
a
ja
y
a
Co
ll
e
g
e
.
He
h
a
s
a
stro
n
g
i
n
tere
st
in
so
f
tw
a
r
e
d
e
v
e
lo
p
m
e
n
t,
d
a
ta
sc
ien
c
e
,
a
n
d
in
f
o
rm
a
ti
o
n
sy
ste
m
s.
Du
rin
g
h
is
st
u
d
ies
,
h
e
h
a
s
str
iv
e
d
t
o
d
e
v
e
lo
p
t
h
e
tec
h
n
ica
l
a
n
d
a
n
a
ly
ti
c
a
l
sk
il
l
s
n
e
e
d
e
d
to
c
o
n
tri
b
u
te
t
o
so
f
tw
a
re
d
e
v
e
lo
p
m
e
n
t
th
a
t
is
re
lev
a
n
t
to
th
e
d
e
v
e
lo
p
m
e
n
t
o
f
th
e
IT
in
d
u
stry
.
He
a
lso
stu
d
ied
in
2
0
1
6
-
2
0
1
9
,
S
M
P
YBL
2
0
1
9
-
2
0
2
2
,
S
M
K
B
udi
K
a
ry
a
Na
tar
2
0
2
2
-
2
0
2
4
,
II
B
D
a
rm
a
ja
y
a
Un
iv
e
rsit
y
,
(a
c
ti
v
e
stu
d
e
n
t).
He
h
a
s
c
re
a
ted
a
li
b
ra
ry
in
f
o
r
m
a
ti
o
n
sy
ste
m
p
ro
jec
t
(m
a
jo
r
a
ss
ig
n
m
e
n
t)
u
sin
g
jav
a
,
m
y
sq
l,
c
ss
,
p
h
p
p
ro
g
ra
m
m
in
g
a
n
d
sa
les
a
p
p
li
c
a
ti
o
n
s
(c
las
s
p
ro
jec
t)
w
h
ich
a
c
ts
a
s
a
f
ro
n
ten
d
a
n
d
b
a
c
k
e
n
d
De
v
e
lo
p
e
r.
He
c
a
n
b
e
c
o
n
tac
ted
a
t
e
m
a
il
:
a
li
sy
a
ri
f
u
d
d
i
n
1
5
5
@g
m
a
il
.
c
o
m
.
Evaluation Warning : The document was created with Spire.PDF for Python.