Design of a linear motor-based magnetic levitation train prototype

Abstract

This study explores the modelling of a magnetic levitation train and its implementation using a microcontroller. Magnetic levitation (maglev) is a technology that enables vehicles to levitate and move without wheels. Maglev research has been conducted globally, but maglev trains haven't received much attention. Due to the sophisticated linear motor technology for contactless transit, building a maglev train requires enormous investments. This paper is crucial for understanding the linear motor technologies necessary for levitation and propulsion. The primary objectives of this study include creating a model of the maglev train using a linear motor circuit, investigating the maglev effect concerning different coil and magnet types, and monitoring the train's propulsion and levitation using a microcontroller. This work constructs a linear motor system for the maglev train, comprising a mechanical structure with a permanent magnet for levitation and electromagnets for propulsion. A microcontroller is employed to sense the magnetic field, produced by the permanent magnet and electromagnets. In summary, this paper successfully designed a maglev train prototype using a linear motor circuit to establish the repulsive mechanism for both levitation and propulsion, with levitation~1 cm from the track and demonstrated the ability to move along a 30 cm track.