Geometrical determination of the focal point of parabolic solar concentrators

Abstract

Parabolic solar concentrators play a crucial role in harnessing solar energy by focusing sunlight onto a single focal point, enhancing efficiency in solar thermal applications. However, accurately determining the focal point remains a significant challenge, affecting energy efficiency, stability, and operational costs. This study presents a novel approach to determining the focal point of parabolic solar concentrators using two distinct geometric and mathematical methods. The first method applies standard parabolic equations to derive the focal point, while the second method introduces a geometric approach based on the properties of straight-line tangents and angular measurements. Experimental validation was conducted by comparing the proposed method against laser-based focal point determination. The results demonstrate that the proposed method enhances heat collection efficiency and stability, leading to improved energy output. The findings of this study contribute to optimizing solar concentrator designs, reducing energy losses, and promoting sustainable energy applications.