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29,922 Article Results

Performance assessment of a 619kW photovoltaic power plant in the northeast of peninsular Malaysia

10.11591/ijeecs.v20.i1.pp9-15
M. Nirrmahl Raj , Jagadeesh Pasupuleti
Photovoltaic (PV) power plants are becoming widely implemented and in larger scale around the world. Understanding performance criteria is crucial in the benchmark of PV plants and ascertaining performance requirements during both design and operational stage of a PV plant. performance ratio (PR) and capacity factor (CF) are two generally accepted benchmarks for the assessment of a grid connected PV plant. However, within the South East Asia region, and especially within Malaysia, there is a lack of compilation and benchmark for the PR and CF values of existing and operational PV plants. This lack of data is disadvantageous for the designing and assessment of performance of any PV plants in the area. Thus, the focus of this study is to assess the PR and CF performance a 619kW PV plant in the Northeast of Peninsular Malaysia, with the ultimate goal of proposing a standard. From the continuous operation of the said PV plant for the duration of one year, the plant energy production has been obtained and is compared with the simulated energy generation model. Based on the comparison, the plant is determined to be operating with PR value of 0.77 and CF value of 12%. The plant is evaluated to be operating within benchmark values. These values not only verify the performance of the studied PV plant, they also present a form of comparison for future studies.
Volume: 20
Issue: 1
Page: 9-15
Publish at: 2020-10-01

Pre-trained classification of scalp conditions using image processing

10.11591/ijeecs.v20.i1.pp138-144
Shafaf Ibrahim , Zarith Azuren Noor Azmy , Nur Nabilah Abu Mangshor , Nurbaity Sabri , Ahmad Firdaus Ahmad Fadzil , Zaaba Ahmad
Scalp problems may occur due to the miscellaneous factor, which includes genetics, stress, abuse and hair products. The conventional technique for scalp and hair treatment involves high operational cost and complicated diagnosis. Besides, it is becoming progressively important for the payer to investigate the value of new treatment selection in the management of a specific scalp problem. As they are generally expensive and inconvenient, there is an increasing need for an affordable and convenient way of monitoring scalp conditions. Thus, this paper presents a study of pre-trained classification of scalp conditions using image processing techniques. Initially, the scalp image went through the pre-processing such as image enhancement and greyscale conversion. Next, three features of color, texture, and shape were extracted from each input image, and stored in a region of interest (ROI) table. The knowledge of the values of the pre-trained features is used as a reference in the classification process subsequently. A technique of support vector machine (SVM) is employed to classify the three types of scalp conditions which are alopecia areata (AA), dandruff and normal. A total of 120 images of the scalp conditions were tested. The classification of scalp conditions indicated a good performance of 85% accuracy. It is expected that the outcome of this study may automatically classify the scalp condition, and may assist the user on a selection of suitable treatment available.
Volume: 20
Issue: 1
Page: 138-144
Publish at: 2020-10-01

Design of L-S band broadband power amplifier using microstip lines

10.11591/ijece.v10i5.pp5400-5408
Mohamed Ribate , Rachid Mandry , Jamal Zbitou , Larbi El Abdellaoui , Ahmed Errkik , Mohamed Latrach , Ahmed Lakhssassi
This contribution introduces a novel broadband power amplifier design, operating in the frequency band ranging from 1.5 GHz to 3 GHz which cover the mainstream applications running in L and S bands. Both matching and biasing networks are synthesized by using microstrip transmission lines. In order to provide a wide bandwidth, two broadband matching techniques are deployed for this purpose, the first technique is an approximate transformation of a previously designed lumped elements matching networks into microstrip matching circuits, and the second technique is a binomial multi-sections quarter wave impedance transformer. The proposed work is based on ATF-13786 active device. The simulation results depict a maximum power gain of 16.40 dB with an excellent input and output matching across 1.5 GHz ~ 3 GHz. At 2.2 GHz, the introduced BPA achieves a saturated output power of 16.26 dBm with a PAE of 21.74%, and a 1-dB compression point of 4.5 dBm input power level. The whole circuitry is unconditionally stable over the overall bandwidth. By considering the broadband matching, the proposed design compares positively with the most recently published BPA.
Volume: 10
Issue: 5
Page: 5400-5408
Publish at: 2020-10-01

The Effects of ZnO particles on the color homogeneity of phosphor-converted high-power white LED light sources

10.11591/ijece.v10i5.pp5155-5161
Nguyen Thi Phuong Loan , Nguyen Doan Quoc Anh
Color homogeneity is one of the goals to continuously improve WLED. Among the methods for enhancing the color uniformity of WLEDs, improving scattering in phosphor layer is considered to be the most effective. In this paper, ZnO is used for that purpose. The results show that ZnO particle size significantly affects scattering in the phosphor layer, which is a vital factor to analyze scattering, scattering sand surface, scattering coefficient and scattered phase function C_sca (D,λ), μ_sca (λ) and ρ(θ,λ). In addition, the concentration of ZnO was also analyzed with values from 2% to 22%. Color homogeneity depends not only on size but also on the concentration of added ZnO. Therefore, color homogeneity control is the control of ZnO size and concentration. The proposed result is 10% ZnO for the highest lumen of LED. With 14% and 500 nm of ZnO particles, ΔCCT reaches the lowest. Depending on the production needs, manufacturers can choose the most appropriate way. However, with both required lumen and ΔCCT, 14% ZnO is suitable for ZnO sizes.
Volume: 10
Issue: 5
Page: 5155-5161
Publish at: 2020-10-01

Energy-aware strategy for data forwarding in IoT ecosystem

10.11591/ijece.v10i5.pp4863-4871
K. Nagarathna
The Internet of Things (IoT) is looming technology rapidly attracting many industries and drawing research attention. Although the scale of IoT-applications is very large, the capabilities of the IoT-devices are limited, especially in terms of energy. However, various research works have been done to alleviate these shortcomings, but the schemes introduced in the literature are complex and difficult to implement in practical scenarios. Therefore, considering the energy consumption of heterogeneous nodes in IoT eco-system, a simple energy-efficient routing technique is proposed. The proposed system has also employed an SDN controller that acts as a centralized manager to control and monitor network services, there by restricting the access of selfish nodes to the network. The proposed system constructs an analytical algorithm that provides reliable data transmission operations and controls energy consumption using a strategic mechanism where the path selection process is performed based on the remaining energy of adjacent nodes located in the direction of the destination node. The proposed energy-efficient data forwarding mechanism is compared with the existing AODV routing technique. The simulation result demonstrates that the protocol is superior to AODV in terms of packet delivery rate, throughput, and end-to-end delay.
Volume: 10
Issue: 5
Page: 4863-4871
Publish at: 2020-10-01

An adaptive anomaly request detection framework based on dynamic web application profiles

10.11591/ijece.v10i5.pp5335-5346
Cho Do Xuan , Nam Nguyen , Hoa Nguyen Dinh
Web application firewall is a highly effective application in protecting the application layer and database layer of websites from attack access. This paper proposes a new web application firewall deploying method based on Dynamic Web application profiling (DWAP) analysis technique. This is a method to deploy a firewall based on analyzing website access data. DWAP is improved to integrate deeply into the structure of the website to increase the compatibility of the anomaly detection system into each website, thereby improving the ability to detect abnormal requests. To improve the compatibility of the web application firewall with protected objects, the proposed system consists of two parts with the main tasks are: i) Detect abnormal access in web application (WA) access; ii) Semi-automatic update the attack data to the abnormal access detection system during WA access. This new method is applicable in real-time detection systems where updating of new attack data is essential since web attacks are increasingly complex and sophisticated.
Volume: 10
Issue: 5
Page: 5335-5346
Publish at: 2020-10-01

Y2O3:Ho3+ and ZnO:Bi3+: a selection for enhancing color quality and luminous flux of WLEDs

10.11591/ijece.v10i5.pp5162-5167
Nguyen Thi Phuong Loan , Nguyen Doan Quoc Anh
As the luminescence industry develops, the white light light-emitting diode (LED) package with a single chip and a single phosphor although produces good luminous flux but has a poor color rendering index (CRI) can no longer fulfill the requirements of modern lighting applications. Therefore, this research is conducted to response to the urgent demands of improving other lighting qualities of WLED while maintaining high luminous efficiency. To achieve this target, we applied the new WLED package, which contains multi-chips and multi-phosphor layers, and have obtained outstanding results in both CRI and luminous efficacy. Two types of phosphor used in the WLED package are Y2O3:Ho3+ and ZnO:Bi3+. A color configuration model is also developed to adjust the shading of the white-light LED module. The results of this research show that the triple-layer phosphorhas the best performance when applied in a white-light LED package, which is demonstrated through better color quality, CRI and luminous efficacy, The manufacturers can rely on this research to produce the optimal-quality WLED, or WLED that is appropriate to their quality demands.
Volume: 10
Issue: 5
Page: 5162-5167
Publish at: 2020-10-01

The effectiveness of MgCeAl11O19:Tb3+ phosphor in enhancing the luminous efficacy and color quality of multi-chip white LEDs

10.11591/ijece.v10i5.pp4631-4638
Nguyen Thi Phuong Loan , Nguyen Doan Quoc Anh
In this research paper, we introduced yellow-green MgCeAl11O19:Tb3+ asa new phosphor ingredient to adapt to the quality requirements onthe chromatic homogeneity and emitted luminous flux of modern multi-chip white LED lights (MCW-LEDs). The results from experiments and simulation show that employing MgCeAl11O19:Tb3+ phosphor can lead to much better optical properties and therefore is a perfect supporting material to achieve the goals of the research. When the MgCeAl11O19:Tb3+ phosphor is added into the phosphorus composite which already contains YAG: Ce3+ particles, and the silicone glue, it affects the optical properties significantly. In other words, the concentration of this phosphor can determine the efficiency of lumen output and chromatic homogeneity of WLEDs. In specific, as the concentration of MgCeAl11O19:Tb3+ go up, the luminous yield will increase accordingly, though there is an insignificant decrease in CQS. Moreover, if the MgCeAl11O19:Tb3+ concentration reduce a little bit, it is possible to better the correlated color temperature uniformity and lumen efficacy of LED packages. In addition, the Mie scattering theory, Monte Carlo simulation and LightTools 8.3.2 software are employed to analyze and simulate the LED packages’ structure as well as the phosphor compound.
Volume: 10
Issue: 5
Page: 4631-4638
Publish at: 2020-10-01

Low-cost and portable automatic sheet cutter

10.11591/ijece.v10i5.pp5139-5146
Mohd Syafiq Mispan , Ahmad Hafizzudin Mustafa , Hafez Sarkawi , Aiman Zakwan Jidin
Process automation is crucial to increase productivity, more efficient use of materials, better product quality, improved safety, etc. In small-medium enterprise (SME) businesses related to household retailing, one of the process automation needed is the measurement and cutting of the mat or sheet, made of rubber or polyvinyl chloride (PVC) materials. Most of the household retailers that selling the sheet, the process of measuring and cutting according to the customer’s requirements are manually performed using a measuring tape and scissors. These manual processes can cause inaccuracy in length, inefficient use of material, low productivity and reduce product quality. This paper presents a low cost and portable automatic sheet cutter using the Arduino development board, which is used to control the process of measuring and cutting the materials. The system uses a push-button where the user can set the required length and quantity of the sheet. Once the required information is set, the stepper motor rolls the sheet until the required length is satisfied. Subsequently, another stepper motor moves the cutter horizontally and cut the sheet. With the automatic sheet cutter, the material is cut with acceptable precision. The design of the automatic sheet cutter is low cost and portable which significantly suitable to be used by SME household retailers.
Volume: 10
Issue: 5
Page: 5139-5146
Publish at: 2020-10-01

Real-time object control system using open source platform

10.11591/ijeecs.v20.i1.pp313-319
Chang-Gyu Cgseong , Jung-Yee Kim , Doo-Jin Park
Recently, the internet of things (IoT) has received great attention, and the demand for IOT applications in various fields is increasing. But drawbacks of IoT, such as having to use dedicated equipment and having to pay for a flat fee monthly, do not satisfy the consumers’ demands. These shortcomings of IoT is causing the appearance of users who try to design the environment of IoT that responds their demands and naturally, attempts to have monitoring system through open-source hardware like Arduino. Open source hardware has attracted a great deal of attention for the diffusion of the Internet of things as a key element of the Internet construction. The emergence of open source hardware, which has the advantage of low cost and easy and fast development, has made it possible to embody the idea of object Internet application services. In this paper, we design and implement a system that controls the objects in real time using open source hardware and MQTT protocol.
Volume: 20
Issue: 1
Page: 313-319
Publish at: 2020-10-01

Zinc oxide-paper based sensor for photoconductive ultraviolet detection

10.11591/ijeecs.v20.i1.pp60-66
Mohammad Shafiq Che Soh , Mastura Shafinaz Zainal Abidin , Shaharin Fadzli Abd Rahman , Shuthish Elangkovan , Ahmad Bukhairi Md Rashid
Paper based sensor is the new technology to fabricate a simple, portable, and low cost device that exhibits the comparable properties and functions with those fabricated using complex fabrication process. Paper based sensor is usually applied in environmental monitoring, health diagnostics, and food quality control.  This research is focusing on the paper based sensor that will contribute to the development of ultraviolet (UV) sensor. The fabrication of the sensor was done by using different grade of pencil, namely 6B and 2B on different type of paper. The different grade of pencil corresponds to different percentage of graphite and clay. As for the type of paper, A4 printing paper and Whatman filter paper were used. UV sensing operation was analyzed from the measurement of current-voltage (I-V) characteristics under the exposure of UV light. zinc oxide (ZnO) was coated on the sensor to facilitate the detection in the presence of UV. The sample fabricated using 6B pencil grade on A4 printing paper and with ZnO coating showed a better UV sensing performance compared to other samples. This is due to the high conduction of 6B pencil grade and smooth surface of A4 printing paper. The ZnO coating increased the sensor sensitivity and response towards the UV light. These findings provide valuable information which can be used in fabricating a low-cost and simple UV paper sensor.
Volume: 20
Issue: 1
Page: 60-66
Publish at: 2020-10-01

Optimal short-term hydro-thermal scheduling using multi-function global particle swarm optimization

10.11591/ijeecs.v20.i1.pp537-544
Surender Reddy Salkuti
An optimal short-term hydro-thermal scheduling (ST-HTS) problem is solved in this paper using the multi-function global particle swarm optimization (MF-GPSO). A multi-reservoir cascaded hydro-electric system with a non-linear relationship between water discharge rate, power generation and net head is considered in this paper. The ST-HTS problem determines the optimal power generation of hydro and thermal generators which is aimed to minimize total fuel cost of thermal power plants during a determined time period. Effects of valve point loading and prohibited operating zones in the fuel cost function of the thermal power plants is examined. Power balance, reservoir volume, water balance and operation constraints of hydro and thermal plants are considered. The effectiveness and feasibility of MF-GPSO algorithm is examined on a standard test system, and the simulation results are compared with other algorithms presented in the literature. The results show that the MF-GPSO algorithm appears to be the best in terms of convergence speed and optimal cost compared with other techniques reported in the literature.
Volume: 20
Issue: 1
Page: 537-544
Publish at: 2020-10-01

Design and implementation of pipelined and parallel AES encryption systems using FPGA

10.11591/ijeecs.v20.i1.pp287-299
Mohamed Nabil , Ashraf A. M. Khalaf , Sara M. Hassan
The information security is one of the most important issues in the design of any communication network.One of the most common encryption algorithms is the advanced encryption standard (AES).The main problem facing the AES algorithm is the high time consumption due to the large number of rounds used for performing the encryption operation. The more time the encryption system consumes to encrypt the data, the more chances the hackers have to break the system.This paper presents two effective algorithms that can be used to solve the mentioned problem and to achieve an effective processing time reduction using pipelined and parallel techniques to perform the encryption steps. These algorithms are based on using certain techniques to make the system able to encrypt many different states (the data will be encrypted) in the same time with no necessity to wait for the previous encryption operation to be completed. These two algorithms are very effective especially for big data size. This paper describes in detail the AES encryption system algorithm and a detailed explanation for the proposed algorithms. Moreover, the research shows the implementation of the three algorithms: the traditional, the pipelined, and the parallel algorithms, and finally a comparison between them.
Volume: 20
Issue: 1
Page: 287-299
Publish at: 2020-10-01

An intrusion detection system for packet and flow based networks using deep neural network approach

10.11591/ijece.v10i5.pp5514-5525
Kaniz Farhana , Maqsudur Rahman , Md. Tofael Ahmed
Study on deep neural networks and big data is merging now by several aspects to enhance the capabilities of intrusion detection system (IDS). Many IDS models has been introduced to provide security over big data. This study focuses on the intrusion detection in computer networks using big datasets. The advent of big data has agitated the comprehensive assistance in cyber security by forwarding a brunch of affluent algorithms to classify and analysis patterns and making a better prediction more efficiently. In this study, to detect intrusion a detection model has been propounded applying deep neural networks. We applied the suggested model on the latest data set available at online, formatted with packet based, flow based data and some additional metadata. The data set is labeled and imbalanced with 79 attributes and some classes having much less training samples compared to other classes. The proposed model is build using Keras and Google Tensorflow deep learning environment. Experimental result shows that intrusions are detected with the accuracy over 99% for both binary and multi-class classification with selected best features. Receiver operating characteristics (ROC) and precision-recall curve average score is also 1. The outcome implies that Deep Neural Networks offers a novel research model with great accuracy for intrusion detection model, better than some models presented in the literature.
Volume: 10
Issue: 5
Page: 5514-5525
Publish at: 2020-10-01

A novel secure routing scheme using probabilistic modelling for better resistivity against lethal attacks

10.11591/ijece.v10i5.pp4956-4964
Jyoti Neeli , N. K. Cauvery
Study towards Wireless Adhoc Network dates two decades back with various researchers evolving up with new solutions towards addressing its problems. Irrespective of various other problems, the issues related to the secure routing is yet unsolved owing to massively increasing fatal strategies of the adversary. Review of existing literature shows that the existing secure routing scheme can only govern over the stated attacks reducing the applicability in case of dynamic attacks. Therefore, this manuscript introduces a novel probabilistic model which offers the capability to wireless nodes to identify the malicious behavior and react accordingly. Different from existing intrusion prevention system, the proposed system allows the malicious node to participate in the data forwarding process and exhaust its resources with no chance of launching an attack. The simulated outcome of the study shows that the proposed secure routing scheme offers better data forwarding characteristic in contrast to the existing system in the aspect of intrusion detection and secure data transmission.
Volume: 10
Issue: 5
Page: 4956-4964
Publish at: 2020-10-01
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