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29,922 Article Results

Precipitation prediction using recurrent neural networks and long short-term memory

10.12928/telkomnika.v18i5.14887
Mishka Alditya; Institut Teknologi Bandung Priatna , Esmeralda C.; Universitas Jenderal Achmad Yani Djamal
Prediction of meteorological variables such as precipitation, temperature, wind speed, and solar radiation is beneficial for human life. The variable observations data is available from time to time for more than thirty years, scattered each observation station makes the opportunity to map patterns into predictions. However, the complexity of weather variables is very high, one of which is influenced by Decadal phenomena such as El-Nino Southern Oscillation and IOD. Weather predictions can be reviewed for the duration, prediction variables, and observation stations. This research proposed precipitation prediction using recurrent neural networks and long short-term memory. Experiments were carried out using the prediction duration factor, the period as a feature and the amount of data set used, and the optimization model. The results showed that the time-lapse as a shorter feature gives good accuracy. Also, the duration of weekly predictions provides more accuracy than monthly, which is 85.71% compared to 83.33% of the validation data.
Volume: 18
Issue: 5
Page: 2525-2532
Publish at: 2020-10-01

The electromagnetic interference caused by high voltage power lines along the electrical railway equipment

10.11591/ijece.v10i5.pp4581-4591
Moine El Hajji , Hassane Mahmoudi , Moussa Labbadi
The identification of risks linked to electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) in the electric railway is a major concern in identifying EMC problems and analyzing the unintentional various external disturbing sources as well as the probability of occurrence of interference, the level of interference along the railway system. The purpose of this analysis is to determine the electromagnetic interaction coupling generated by the high voltage (HV) lines located along the railway line by analyzing the voltage induced in the signaling transmission cables such as the European rail traffic management system/European train control system (ERTMS/ETCS) through the multi-conductor transmission line (MTL) theory which may have an impact on the transmitting information. Dubanton method and approximate calculation will be applied and simulated through COMSOL Multiphysics tool in order to analyze if the protection distance and coupling conditions are respected by the railway standards.
Volume: 10
Issue: 5
Page: 4581-4591
Publish at: 2020-10-01

The effectiveness of MgCeAl11O19:Tb3+ phosphor in enhancing the luminous efficacy and color quality of multi-chip white LEDs

10.11591/ijece.v10i5.pp4631-4638
Nguyen Thi Phuong Loan , Nguyen Doan Quoc Anh
In this research paper, we introduced yellow-green MgCeAl11O19:Tb3+ asa new phosphor ingredient to adapt to the quality requirements onthe chromatic homogeneity and emitted luminous flux of modern multi-chip white LED lights (MCW-LEDs). The results from experiments and simulation show that employing MgCeAl11O19:Tb3+ phosphor can lead to much better optical properties and therefore is a perfect supporting material to achieve the goals of the research. When the MgCeAl11O19:Tb3+ phosphor is added into the phosphorus composite which already contains YAG: Ce3+ particles, and the silicone glue, it affects the optical properties significantly. In other words, the concentration of this phosphor can determine the efficiency of lumen output and chromatic homogeneity of WLEDs. In specific, as the concentration of MgCeAl11O19:Tb3+ go up, the luminous yield will increase accordingly, though there is an insignificant decrease in CQS. Moreover, if the MgCeAl11O19:Tb3+ concentration reduce a little bit, it is possible to better the correlated color temperature uniformity and lumen efficacy of LED packages. In addition, the Mie scattering theory, Monte Carlo simulation and LightTools 8.3.2 software are employed to analyze and simulate the LED packages’ structure as well as the phosphor compound.
Volume: 10
Issue: 5
Page: 4631-4638
Publish at: 2020-10-01

Energy efficient clustering and routing optimization model for maximizing lifetime of wireless sensor network

10.11591/ijece.v10i5.pp4798-4808
Savitha S. , S. C. Lingareddy , Sanjay Chitnis
Recently, the wide adoption of WSNs (Wireless-Sensor-Networks) is been seen for provision non-real time and real-time application services such as intelligent transportation and health care monitoring, intelligent transportation etc. Provisioning these services requires energy-efficient WSN. The clustering technique is an efficient mechanism that plays a main role in reducing the energy consumption of WSN. However, the existing model is designed considering reducing energy- consumption of the sensor-device for the homogenous network. However, it incurs energy-overhead (EO) between cluster-head (CH). Further, maximizing coverage time is not considered by the existing clustering approach considering heterogeneous networks affecting lifetime performance. In order to overcome these research challenges, this work presents an energy efficient clustering and routing optimization (EECRO) model adopting cross-layer design for heterogeneous networks. The EECRO uses channel gain information from the physical layer and TDMA based communication is adopted for communication among both intra-cluster and inter-cluster communication. Further, clustering and routing optimization are presented to bring a good trade-off among minimizing the energy of CH, enhancing coverage time and maximizing the lifetime of sensor-network (SN). The experiments are conducted to estimate the performance of EECRO over the existing model. The significant-performance is attained by EECRO over the existing model in terms of minimizing routing and communication overhead and maximizing the lifetime of WSNs.
Volume: 10
Issue: 5
Page: 4798-4808
Publish at: 2020-10-01

An efficient color image compression technique

10.12928/telkomnika.v18i5.8632
Walaa M.; Jazan University Abd-Elhafiez , Wajeb; UMKC Gharibi , Mohamed; Sohag University Heshmat
We present a new image compression method to improve visual perception of the decompressed images and achieve higher image compression ratio. This method balances between the compression rate and image quality by compressing the essential parts of the image-edges. The key subject/edge is of more significance than background/non-edge image. Taking into consideration the value of image components and the effect of smoothness in image compression, this method classifies the image components as edge or non-edge. Low-quality lossy compression is applied to non-edge components whereas high-quality lossy compression is applied to edge components. Outcomes show that our suggested method is efficient in terms of compression ratio, bits per-pixel and peak signal to noise ratio.
Volume: 18
Issue: 5
Page: 2371-2377
Publish at: 2020-10-01

Detecting Indonesian ambiguous sentences using Boyer-Moore algorithm

10.12928/telkomnika.v18i5.14027
Risky Aswi; Udayana University Ramadhani , I Ketut Gede Darma; Udayana University Putra , Made; Udayana University Sudarma , I.A.D.; Udayana University Giriantari
Ambiguous sentences are divided into 3 types namely phonetic, lexical, and grammatical. This study focuses on grammatical ambiguous sentences, grammatical ambiguous sentences are ambiguities that occur due to incorrect grammar, but this ambiguity will disappear once it is used within a sentence.  Ambiguous sentences become a big problem when they are processed by a computer. In order for the computer to interpret ambiguous words correctly, this study seeks to develop detection of Indonesian ammbiguous sentences using Boyer Moore algorithm. This algorithm matches ambiguous sentences that are inserted as input with the data set. Then the sentence is being detected whether it contains ambiguous sentences, by calculating the percentage of similarity using cosine similarity method. Cosine similarity system is able to find out the meaning of the sentence. In the data set, the number of ambiguous sentences that can be collected is 50 words. The 50 words consist of ambiguous words data, ambiguous sentences, and ambiguous sentence meanings. This system trial was carried out for 200 times and the accuracy level was 0.935, precision was 0.9320, and Recall was 0.8. While the F-Measure was 0.8061. While the speed for word search 0.003275 seconds.
Volume: 18
Issue: 5
Page: 2480-2487
Publish at: 2020-10-01

Design and implementation of HDL remote controller for smart home system

10.11591/ijeecs.v20.i1.pp117-124
I. H. Hamzah , M. S. Z. Suhaimi , A. A. Malik , A. F. A. Rahim
This work presents a design and development of a remote controller application using an Altera DE2-115 board. A remote controller lighting provides smart technologies make it viable to monitor, control and support users in which can enhance the quality life and promote independent living. Nowadays, to turn on the electrical devices, a user will go to the located switch. It is difficult and required more time to switch on the devices instead of staying at certain location while controlling the switching mode of the devices. Implementing this system, users do not need to have numerous switches in their home to turn on the lights as they can do this digitally from a switchless control located in one place or using a remote controller. The Altera board is built with eighteen slide switches which act as inputs and at the same time it will display the outputs on seven segments, LEDs and LCD display character. As a conclusion, the remote controller lighting system provides convenience and energy efficiency in order to allow the users to control the lighting system using smart devices. 
Volume: 20
Issue: 1
Page: 117-124
Publish at: 2020-10-01

TAMEx framework as an alternative for e-exam implementation in wireless network

10.12928/telkomnika.v18i5.15774
Gede; Udayana University Sukadarmika , Rukmi Sari; Udayana University Hartati , Linawati; Udayana University Linawati , Nyoman Putra; Udayana University Sastra
One of significant change in learning process is exam implementation applying a computer-based test (e-exam) rather than paper-based test. Many institutions currently use wireless network with bring your own device (BYOD) policy for their e-exam implementation, due to limitation of space and user terminals. Moreover it is hard to maintain the availability of reliable signal quality in wireless network for all users during e-exam process. Therefore, this research proposes a development of time adaptive for mobile exam (TAMEx) framework to provide all users with good quality of service of e-exam in wireless network environment when dealing with signal quality variations. The received signal strength indication (RSSI) is the main indicator of the signal quality. The framework supports e-exam implementation in wirelesslocal area network and the use of BYOD mechanism. The research shows that the framework successfully has provided time compensation for the users who experienced temporary connection loss due to bad signal quality. The result exhibits that tiny processing time has been needed for signal loss detection, user’s request of compensation time, and server’s execution. In conclusion, the TAMEx could guarantee good services for all users who doing e-exam in wireless network environment.
Volume: 18
Issue: 5
Page: 2304-2313
Publish at: 2020-10-01

International Telecommunication Union-Radiocommunication Sector P.837-6 and P.837-7 performance to estimate Indonesian rainfall

10.12928/telkomnika.v18i5.14316
Marzuki; Andalas University Marzuki , Dea Kurnia; University of Andalas Harysandi , Rini; University of Andalas Oktaviani , Lisna; University of Andalas Meylani , Mutya; Andalas University Vonnisa , Harmadi; Andalas University Harmadi , Hiroyuki; Kyoto University Hashiguchi , Toyoshi; Shimane University Shimomai , L.; Informazione e Bioingegneria Luini , Sugeng; Indonesian Agency for Meteorological, Climatological and Geophysics Nugroho , Muzirwan; National Institute of Aeronautics and Space Muzirwan , Nor Azlan Mohd; Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka (UTeM) Aris
This work evaluated the performance of International Telecommunication Union-Radiocommunication Sector (ITU-R) P.837-6 and P.837-7 models (Annex 1) to estimate one-minute rainfall rates in Indonesia. In addition to the default ITU-R P.837-6, the input of ITU-R P.837-6 is also modified using data which has better spatial resolution, i.e. a combination of Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) 3A25 and 3B43 (ITU-R+3A25+3B43), 3B42 and 3B43 (ITU-R+3B42+3B43), Global Satellite Mapping of Precipitation (ITU-R+GSMaP), and Global Precipitation Measurement (ITU-R+GPM). Among the five test sites, the default ITU-R P.837-6 and ITU-R+3A25+3B43 could predict one-minute rainfall rates at two locations accurately. The ITU-R P.837-7 exhibited a marginally better performance for sites that had a high percentage of very heavy rain, particularly at large (1%) and small (0.001%) percentages of time exceeded. The spatial distribution of rainfall rate produced by ITU-R P.837-7 and ITU-R+3A25+3B43 was closer to the pattern demonstrated by recent satellite precipitation measurements.
Volume: 18
Issue: 5
Page: 2292-2303
Publish at: 2020-10-01

Abnormal activity detection in surveillance video scenes

10.12928/telkomnika.v18i5.16634
Jwan Jamal; Al-Mustansiriyah University Ali , Narjis Mezaal; Al-Mustansiriyah University Shati , Methaq; Al-Mustansiriyah University Talib Gaata
Automated detection of abnormal activity assumes a significant task in surveillance applications. This paper presents an intelligent framework video surveillance to detect abnormal human activity in an academic environment that takes into account the security and emergency aspects by focusing on three abnormal activities (falling, boxing and waving). This framework designed to consist of the two essential processes: the first one is a tracking system that can follow targets with identify sets of features to understand human activity and measure descriptive information of each target. The second one is a decision system that can realize if the activity of the target track is "normal" or "abnormal” then energizing alarm when recognized abnormal activities.
Volume: 18
Issue: 5
Page: 2447-2453
Publish at: 2020-10-01

Glioblastomas brain tumour segmentation based on convolutional neural networks

10.11591/ijece.v10i5.pp4738-4744
Moh'd Rasoul Al-Hadidi , Bayan AlSaaidah , Mohammed Al-Gawagzeh
Brain tumour segmentation can improve diagnostics efficiency, rise the prediction rate and treatment planning. This will help the doctors and experts in their work. Where many types of brain tumour may be classified easily, the gliomas tumour is challenging to be segmented because of the diffusion between the tumour and the surrounding edema. Another important challenge with this type of brain tumour is that the tumour may grow anywhere in the brain with different shape and size. Brain cancer presents one of the most famous diseases over the world, which encourage the researchers to find a high-throughput system for tumour detection and classification. Several approaches have been proposed to design automatic detection and classification systems. This paper presents an integrated framework to segment the gliomas brain tumour automatically using pixel clustering for the MRI images foreground and background and classify its type based on deep learning mechanism, which is the convolutional neural network. In this work, a novel segmentation and classification system is proposed to detect the tumour cells and classify the brain image if it is healthy or not. After collecting data for healthy and non-healthy brain images, satisfactory results are found and registered using computer vision approaches. This approach can be used as a part of a bigger diagnosis system for breast tumour detection and manipulation.
Volume: 10
Issue: 5
Page: 4738-4744
Publish at: 2020-10-01

Error rate detection due to primary user emulation attack in cognitive radio networks

10.11591/ijece.v10i5.pp5385-5391
N. Armi , W. Gharibi , W.Z. Khan
Security threat is a crucial issue in cognitive radio network (CRN). These threats come from physical layer, data link layer, network layer, transport layer, and application layer. Hence, security system to all layers in CRN has a responsibility to protect the communication between among Secondary User (SU) or to maintain valid detection to the presence of Primary User (PU) signals. Primary User Emulation Attack (PUEA) is a threat on physical layer where malicious user emulates PU signal. This paper studies the effect of exclusive region of PUEA in CRN. We take two setting of exclusive distances, 30m and 50m, where this radius of area is free of malicious users. Probability of false alarm (Pf) and miss detection (Pm) are used to evaluate the performances. The result shows that increasing distance of exclusive region may decrease Pf and Pm.
Volume: 10
Issue: 5
Page: 5385-5391
Publish at: 2020-10-01

Improving data quality using a deep learning network

10.11591/ijeecs.v20.i1.pp306-312
Chulhyun Hwang , Kyouhwan Lee , Hoekyung Jung
IoT data is collected in real time and is treated as highly reliable data because of its high precision. However, it often exhibits incomplete values for reasons such as sensor aging and failure, poor operating environment, and communication problems. The characteristics of IoT data transmitted with high precision and time series are suitable to use LSTM, which is one kind of RNN. In this paper, when applying LSTM to data quality improvement in IoT environment where data are collected simultaneously from several sensors, it is suggested that it is effective to construct LSTM individually for each sensor accuracy.
Volume: 20
Issue: 1
Page: 306-312
Publish at: 2020-10-01

On-chip ultra low power optical wake-up receiver for wireless sensor nodes targeting structural health monitoring

10.12928/telkomnika.v18i5.13378
Chia Yee; Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka (UTeM) Saw , Yan Chiew; Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka (UTeM) Wong , Ser Lee; Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka (UTeM) Loh , Haoyu; Zhejiang Ocean University Zhang
Wireless sensor network (WSN) consists of distributed nodes deployed for monitoring the physical conditions and organizing collected data at the central control unit. Power consumption is the challenges in WSN as the network consists of wireless sensor nodes becomes denser. By utilizing WSN and visible light technology, a simple health monitoring system design can be approached that are smaller in size, faster and lower power consumption. This work focuses on design a low power optical wake-up receiver to reduce the energy consumption of each node in WSN. A wake-up receiver is designed to be always-on for detecting incoming signal and switches on the stand by protocol controller and WSN network for data transmission process. The characteristic of optical transmission and functional circuit of a wake-up receiver has been investigated. A low power optical wake-up receiver has been designed in 180nm Silterra CMOS process technology. The proposed wake-up receiver consumes only 443pW in standby mode and 1.89nW in active mode. The proposed optical wake-up receiver drastically reduces the power consumption by more than one third compared to other wake-up receivers which could be a milestone in the medical field if successfully conducted.
Volume: 18
Issue: 5
Page: 2257-2264
Publish at: 2020-10-01

Multiverse optimisation based technique for solving economic dispatch in power system

10.11591/ijeecs.v20.i1.pp485-491
Muhammad Haziq Suhaimi , Ismail Musirin , Muzaiyanah Hidayab , Shahrizal Jelani , Mohd Helmi Mansor
Economic dispatch (ED) is one of the many important components in a power system operation. It is designed to calculate the exact amount of power generation needed to ensure a minimum cost of generation. A power system with multiple generators should be running under an economic condition. The operating cost has to be minimised for any feasible load demand. The increase of power demand is getting higher throughout the year. Economic dispatch is used to schedule and control all output of the fossil-fuel or coal-generators to satisfy the system load demand at a minimum cost. This paper presents the multiverse optimisation (MVO) for solving the economic dispatch in a power system. The proposed Multiverse optimisation engine developed in this study is implemented on the IEEE 30-Bus reliability test system (RTS). It has five generators, all of which are denoted as the control variables for the optimisation process. To reveal the superiority of MVO, a similar process was conducted using evolutionary programming (EP). Results from both techniques were compared, and it was revealed that MVO had outperformed EP in terms of reduced cost of generation for the system.
Volume: 20
Issue: 1
Page: 485-491
Publish at: 2020-10-01
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