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31,456 Article Results

Design and implementation of DA FIR filter for bio-inspired computing architecture

10.11591/ijece.v11i2.pp1709-1718
B. U. V. Prashanth , Mohammed Riyaz Ahmed , Manjunath R. Kounte
This paper elucidates the system construct of DA-FIR filter optimized for design of distributed arithmetic (DA) finite impulse response (FIR) filter and is based on architecture with tightly coupled co-processor based data processing units. With a series of look-up-table (LUT) accesses in order to emulate multiply and accumulate operations the constructed DA based FIR filter is implemented on FPGA. The very high speed integrated circuit hardware description language (VHDL) is used implement the proposed filter and the design is verified using simulation. This paper discusses two optimization algorithms and resulting optimizations are incorporated into LUT layer and architecture extractions. The proposed method offers an optimized design in the form of offers average miminimizations of the number of LUT, reduction in populated slices and gate minimization for DA-finite impulse response filter. This research paves a direction towards development of bio inspired computing architectures developed without logically intensive operations, obtaining the desired specifications with respect to performance, timing, and reliability.
Volume: 11
Issue: 2
Page: 1709-1718
Publish at: 2021-04-01

DC-DC converter with 50 kHz-500 kHz range of switching frequency for passive component volume reduction

10.11591/ijece.v11i2.pp1114-1122
Mohd Amirul Naim Kasiran , Asmarashid Ponniran , Nurul Nabilah Mad Siam , Mohd Hafizie Yatim , Nor Azmira Che Ibrahim , Asmawi Md Yunos
This paper presents the relationship of switching frequency towards passive components volume of DC-DC boost converter. Principally, the inductor current ripple and capacitor voltage ripple must be considered in order to design the inductor and capacitor, respectively. By increasing the switching frequency, smaller size and volume of passive component can be designed. As the consequences, the switching loss increases during switching transition at turn-ON and turn-OFF conditions. This paper used soft-switching technique to reduce the switching loss at turn-ON condition. The soft-switching technique is realized by adding resonant circuit in DC-DC boost converter. The effectiveness of resonant circuit will be analysed, thus, the efficiency of the converter can be improved. The range of switching frequency considered in the experimental are 50 kHz to 500 kHz. A 100 W prototype has been developed and tested in order to verify the principle. The switching loss experimentally confirm reduced by implementing soft-switching technique with efficiency converter improved from 96.36% to 97.12% when 500 kHz of switching frequency is considered. The passive components volume reduction is achieved when high switching frequency is used where the total volume of passive component when 50 kHz and 500 kHz are 0.083 dm3 and 0.010 dm3, respectively.
Volume: 11
Issue: 2
Page: 1114-1122
Publish at: 2021-04-01

Best strategy to control data on internet-of-robotic-things in heterogeneous networks

10.11591/ijece.v11i2.pp1830-1838
Wisam Mahmood Lafta , Ahmed A. Alkadhmawee , Mohammed A. Altaha
The control and transmission of huge data constitute an immense challenge in various types of networks (wired and wireless). Congestion caused by the high traffic and low throughput of huge data continues to be major problems in a heterogeneous platforms such as internet of things (IoT) technology and internet-of-robotic-things (IoRT). The heterogeneous network requires new models and mechanisms to deal with the increased challenges posed by IoT and IoRT. Accordingly, eliminating the issues that emerge has compelled finding improved solutions as a new strategy. This study proposed a new strategy called routing information and distance vector (RIDV) to create the best improvement of a heterogeneous network. The RIDV strategy activates the routing information protocol (RIPv2) on a router in wire network parallel with the ad-hoc on-demand distance vector (AODV) protocol on the wireless network. The RIDV strategy is used to solve the problems of the diversity of heterogeneous networks as the basis of the infrastructure IoRT technology. Hence, this strategy can reduce or avoid congestion through the use of enhanced and effective best routing protocols. Simulation results using OPNET show that the proposed method improved the quality of service (QoS) compared with other related strategies and AODV and RIPv1 protocols in terms of data drop, traffic drop, queue delay, and throughput.
Volume: 11
Issue: 2
Page: 1830-1838
Publish at: 2021-04-01

Automated brain tumor classification using various deep learning models: a comparative study

10.11591/ijeecs.v22.i1.pp252-259
Alaa Ahmed Abbood , Qahtan Makki Shallal , Mohammed Abdulraheem Fadhel
The brain tumor, the most common and aggressive disease, leads to a very shorter lifespan. Thus, planning treatments is a crucial step in improving a patient's quality of life. In general, several image techniques such as CT, MRI, and ultrasound have been used for assessing tumors in the prostate, breast, lung, brain, etc. Primarily, MRI images are applied to detect tumors in the brain during this work. The enormous amount of data produced by the MRI scan thwarts tumor vs. non-tumor manual classification at a particular time. Unfortunately, with a small number of images, it has certain limitations (i.e., precise quantitative measurements). Therefore, an automated classification system is necessary to avoid human mortality. The automatic categorization of brain tumors in the surrounding tumor region is a challenging task concerning space and structural variability. Four deep learning models: AlexNet, VGG16, GoogleNet, and RestNet50, are used in this comparative study to classify brain tumors. Based on accuracy, the results showed that RestNet50 is the best model with an accuracy of 95.8%, while AlexNet has the fast performance with a processing time of 1.2 seconds. In addition, a hardware parallel processing unit (GPU) is employed for real-time purposes, where AlexNet (the fastest model) has a processing time of only 8.3 msec.
Volume: 22
Issue: 1
Page: 252-259
Publish at: 2021-04-01

Hybrid energy storage system control analogous to power quality enhancement operation of interlinking converters

10.11591/ijece.v11i2.pp909-918
Salman Hajiaghasi , Ahmad Salemnia , Mohsen Hamzeh
Increasing nonlinear loads and power electronic converters lead to various power quality issues in microgrids (MGs). The interlinking converters (ILCs) can participate in these systems to harmonic control and power quality enhancement. However, ILC participation deteriorates the dc link voltage, system stability, and storage lifetime due to oscillatory current phenomena. To address these problems, a new control strategy for a hybrid energy storage system (HESS) is proposed to eliminate the adverse effects of the harmonic control operation of ILC. Specifically, battery and super-capacitor (SC) are used as HESSs that provide low and high power frequency load, respectively. The proposed strategy tries to compensate the current oscillation imposed by ILC with fuzzy control of HESS. In this method, a proportional-resonant (PR) controller integrated with harmonic compensator (HC) is employed to control the ILC for power quality enhancement and oscillatory current elimination. The main advantages of the proposed strategy are to reduce DGs power fluctuations, precise DC bus voltage regulation for generation and load disturbances, improved grid power quality under nonlinear load and transition conditions. The performance of the proposed method for isolated and grid-connected modes is verified using simulation studies in the MATLAB software environment.
Volume: 11
Issue: 2
Page: 909-918
Publish at: 2021-04-01

Inactive power detection in AC network

10.11591/ijece.v11i2.pp966-974
Nickolay I. Schurov , Sergey V. Myatezh , Alexandr V. Myatezh , Boris V. Malozyomov , Alexandr A. Shtang
Using the examples of wave and vector diagrams, we study the conditions for the appearance of components of inactive power in an AC network, which are known as reactive power and distortion power. It is shown that the components of the active, reactive power and distortion power are mutually orthogonal and form a power balance, which can be violated mainly due to methodological errors in calculating these components under conditions of non-stationary mode parameters. It is established that the interaction of reactive power and distortion power occurs at the instantaneous power level, and changing their phase shifts allows you to adjust the shape of the resulting power without involving additional active power in the AC network. The results obtained will allow not only to correctly determine the proportion and nature of the components of inactive capacities, which is valuable for solving the problems of optimizing modes in AC networks, but also to create effective technical means of compensating for the identified inactive capacities in the future.
Volume: 11
Issue: 2
Page: 966-974
Publish at: 2021-04-01

Interconnection viability of high demand isolated area through a HVDC-VSC link

10.11591/ijece.v11i2.pp1002-1010
Juan A. Varela , Mario A. Rios
Electrically isolated areas are separated by a great distance and, normally, have a considerably low demand; in consequence, these are non-interconnected from the main power grid or electrical national transmission systems. Great distance and low demand are the reasons why an interconnection project in high voltage AC is not feasible in most of these cases. Nevertheless, there are some isolated areas with high power demand and even though they are separated from the main grid by large distances and hard terrains; however, it is still reasonable to think about an interconnection project. This paper had developed a methodology that allows the evaluation of viability, technically and economically, of a HDVC-VSC interconnection project for great distance and high demand considering overhead and/or underground DC line. The methodology was applied to a case of study in Peru, based on the projected interconnection between Moyobamba and the isolated area of Iquitos; showing that HVDC is a feasible alternative.
Volume: 11
Issue: 2
Page: 1002-1010
Publish at: 2021-04-01

Eye blink detection using CNN to detect drowsiness level in drivers for road safety

10.11591/ijeecs.v22.i1.pp222-231
Pothuraju Vishesh , Raghavendra S , SantoshKumar Jankatti , Rekha V
Blinking is a regular bodily function and it is the semiautomatic fast closing of the eyelid. A specific blink is examined by dynamic folding of the eyelid. It is a vital function of the eye which helps in spread of tears across and eliminates irritants from the shallow of cornea. In this research work we made use of convolution neural network, the deep learning concepts and image processing to detect drowsiness level in drivers. To train the blink detection model the mobilenet V2 is used as base. The loss function used for training was RMSprop and the optimizer is binary cross entropy. The dlib facial landmark was exploited to perceive and pre-process the detected faces. The dataset used for the training model is selected from the “Xiaoyang Tan” of nanjing university of aeronautics and astronautics. Based on the experimental outcome the projected method achieves an accuracy of 97%. The prototype developed serves as a base for further development of this process to achieve better road safety.
Volume: 22
Issue: 1
Page: 222-231
Publish at: 2021-04-01

Design and performance analysis of PV grid-tied system with energy storage system

10.11591/ijece.v11i2.pp1077-1085
Jerry Kumar , Nanik Ram Parhyar , Manoj Kumar Panjwani , Danish Khan
With the increasing demand for solar energy as a renewable source has brought up new challenges in the field of energy. However, one of the main advantages of photovoltaic (PV) power generation technology is that it can be directly connected to the grid power generation system and meet the demand of increasing energy consumption. Large-scale PV grid-connected power generation system put forward new challenges on the stability and control of the power grid and the grid-tied photovoltaic system with an energy storage system. To overcome these problems, the PV grid-tied system consisted of 8 kW PV array with energy storage system is designed, and in this system, the battery components can be coupled with the power grid by AC or DC mode. In addition, the feasibility and flexibility of the maximum power point tracking (MPPT) charge controller are verified through the dynamic model built in the residential solar PV system. Through the feasibility verification of the model control mode and the strategy control, the grid-connected PV system combined with reserve battery storage can effectively improve the stability of the system and reduce the cost of power generation. To analyze the performance of the grid-tied system, some real-time simulations are performed with the help of the system advisor model (SAM) that ensures the satisfactory working of the designed PV grid-tied System.
Volume: 11
Issue: 2
Page: 1077-1085
Publish at: 2021-04-01

Design of wide band slotted microstrip patch antenna with defective ground structure for ku band

10.11591/ijece.v11i2.pp1337-1345
Akhila John Davuluri , P. Siddaiah
This paper proposes a microstrip patch antenna (MSPA) in the Ku band for satellite applications. The antenna is small in size with dimensions of about 40 mm×48 mm×1.59 mm and is fed with a coaxial cable of 50 Ω impedance. The proposed antenna has a wide bandwidth of 3.03 GHz ranging from 12.8 GHz to 15.8 GHz. To realize the characteristics of wideband the techniques of defective ground structure (DGS) and etching slots on the radiating element are adopted. The antenna is modeled on the FR4 substrate. A basic circular patch is selected for the design of a dual-frequency operation and in the next step DGS is introduced into the basic antenna and enhanced bandwidth is achieved at both the frequencies. To attain wider bandwidth two slots are etched on the radiating element of which one is a square ring slot and the second one is a circular ring slot. The novelty of the proposed antenna is a miniaturized design and unique response within the Ku band region which is applicable for wireless UWB applications with VSWR
Volume: 11
Issue: 2
Page: 1337-1345
Publish at: 2021-04-01

Arabic tweeps dialect prediction based on machine learning approach

10.11591/ijece.v11i2.pp1627-1633
Khaled Alrifai , Ghaida Rebdawi , Nada Ghneim
In this paper, we present our approach for profiling Arabic authors on twitter, based on their tweets. We consider here the dialect of an Arabic author as an important trait to be predicted. For this purpose, many indicators, feature vectors and machine learning-based classifiers were implemented. The results of these classifiers were compared to find out the best dialect prediction model. The best dialect prediction model was obtained using random forest classifier with full forms and their stems as feature vector.
Volume: 11
Issue: 2
Page: 1627-1633
Publish at: 2021-04-01

Improving saddle stitching line using affordable embedded system

10.11591/ijece.v11i2.pp1235-1242
Salam Al-augby , Ahmed Y. Mjhool , Mohammed W. Alboaldeen , Ali Al-Sabbagh
In most printing factories, the stitching machine is considered as a significant tool in accomplishing the printing process cycle, such as in the Printing House of the University of Kufa (PHUK), complete their jobs using a cheap manual machine, and thus this leads to an increase in the number of employees and work hours. That is because the automated stitching machine of production is very costly. A decent printing house design maximizes production with a minimum investment in new equipment parts. However, a decent PHUK layout alone cannot reach the intended aims unless firmly linked with a developed production line of an automated stitching machine for the purpose of reducing cost, time, and efforts. This article focused on designing and developing automatic saddle stitching machines for folded paper sheet products such as newspapers, magazines, catalogs, exam sheets, etc. using accommodate devices such as Arduino and infrared sensors. Furthermore, the proposed design is applied in PHUK successfully and it showed that the cost of the stitching machine and the manpower is reduced by 60 percent, also the time is reduced by 70 percent. Finally, one of the significant implications of this work is using IT in management of resources.
Volume: 11
Issue: 2
Page: 1235-1242
Publish at: 2021-04-01

Educational data mining in moodle data

10.11591/ijict.v10i1.pp9-18
Sushil Shrestha , Manish Pokharel
The main purpose of this research paper is to analyze the moodle data and identify the most influencing features to develop the predictive model. The research applies a wrapper-based feature selection method called Boruta for the selection of best predicting features. Data were collected from eighty-one students who were enrolled in the course called Human Computer Interaction (COMP341), offered by the Department of Computer Science and Engineering at Kathmandu University, Nepal. Kathmandu University uses Moodle as an e-learning platform. The dataset contained eight features where Assignment.Click, Chat.Click, File.Click, Forum.Click, System.Click, Url.Click, and Wiki.Click was used as the independent features and Grade as the dependent feature. Five classification algorithms such as K Nearest Neighbour, Naïve Bayes, and Support Vector Machine (SVM), Random Forest, and CART decision tree were applied in the moodle data. The finding shows that SVM has the highest accuracy in comparison to other algorithms. It suggested that File.Click and System.Click was the most significant feature. This type of research helps in the early identification of students’ performance. The growing popularity of the teaching-learning process through an online learning system has attracted researchers to work in the field of Educational Data Mining (EDM). Varieties of data are generated through several online activities that can be analyzed to understand the student’s performance which helps in the overall teaching-learning process. Academicians especially course instructors who use e-learning platforms for the delivery of the course contents and the learners who use these platforms are highly benefited from this research.
Volume: 10
Issue: 1
Page: 9-18
Publish at: 2021-04-01

Attitude on intention to use e-government in Indonesia

10.11591/ijeecs.v22.i1.pp435-441
Dedy Afrizal , MUslimin Wallang
The application of information and communication technologies in Indonesia continues to be developed as the government becomes more serious in improving services to its citizen. However, there are still some obstacles to using the service. The purpose of this paper to present a framework improving e-government services to its citizen. The paper opted for using a comprehensive review of the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology (UTAUT). This paper offers ideas to see intention to the community in using e-government, by using the modified UTAUT model where the main construct performance expectancy (PE), effort expectancy (EE), social influence (SI), facilitating conditions (FC) is an important factor. Moderators such as gender, age, experience and voluntariness of use were excluded and using attitude as a mediator. The findings showed that UTAUT’s construct such as performance expectancy, effort expectancy, social influence, facilitating conditions is an important factor appropriate for seeing intention to citizen in using e-government and 9 hypotheses offered in the model are believed to get new findings in the future and increase the development of the UTAUT model and be able to provide concept ideas that are made in seeing the intentions of e-government users.
Volume: 22
Issue: 1
Page: 435-441
Publish at: 2021-04-01

Observer-based tracking control for single machine infinite bus system via flatness theory

10.11591/ijece.v11i2.pp1186-1199
Mohammad Pourmahmood Aghababa , Bogdan Marinescu , Florent Xavier
In this research, we aim to use the flatness control theory to develop a useful control scheme for a single machine connected to an infinite bus (SMIB) system taking into account input magnitude and rate saturation constraints. We adopt a fourth-order nonlinear SMIB model along an exciter and a turbine governor as actuators. According to the flatness-based control strategy, first we show that the adopted nominal SMIB model is a flat system. Then, we develop a full linearizing state feedback as well as an outer integral-type loop to ensure suitable tracking performances for the power and voltage as well as the angular velocity outputs. We assume that only the angular velocity of the generator is available to be measured. So, we provide a linear Luenberger observer to estimate the remaining states of the system. Also, the saturation nonlinearities are transferred to the linear part of the system and they are canceled out using their estimations. The efficiency and usefulness of the proposed observer-controller against faults are illustrated using simulation tests in Eurostag and Matlab. The results show that the clearing critical time of the introduced methodology is larger than the classical control approaches and the proposed observer-based flatness controller exhibits over much less control energy compared to the classic IEEE controllers.
Volume: 11
Issue: 2
Page: 1186-1199
Publish at: 2021-04-01
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