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29,922 Article Results

Problem based learning: Students’ mental models on water conductivity concept

10.11591/ijere.v9i2.20468
John Rafafy Batlolona , Haryo Franky Souisa
This paper tells about the mental model of prospective scholars on the topic of temperature and heat. The purpose of this research is to improve students’ mental model by using problem based learning (PBL) model. The number of samples in the study amounted to 72 students with two different classes. The results of the study showed that, (1) the improvement of mental model that studied with PBL was higher than that studied with conventional learning. (2) high-skilled student mental models that are learning with PBL are higher than those studied by conventional learning. (3) low-skilled student mental models that study with PBL are higher than students learning with conventional learning. The conclusion of this study is the improvement of students' mental models using PBL models on the topic of conductivity in water. Thus the PBL model can be recommended in improving students' mental models on temperature and heat topics. The implication in this research is to improve the students' mental model as the agent of science education change.
Volume: 9
Issue: 2
Page: 269-277
Publish at: 2020-06-01

Maximize resource utilization based channel access model with presence of reactive jammer for underwater wireless sensor network

10.11591/ijece.v10i3.pp3284-3294
Sheetal Bagali , R. Sundaraguru
Underwater sensor networks (UWSNs) are vulnerable to jamming attacks. Especially, reactive jamming which emerged as a greatest security threat to UWSNs. Reactive jammer are difficult to be removed, defended and identified. Since reactive jammer can control and regulate (i.e., the duration of the jam signal) the probability of jamming for maintaining high vulnerability with low detection probability. The existing model are generally designed considering terrestrial wireless sensor networks (TWSNs). Further, these models are limited in their ability to detect jamming correctly, distinguish between the corrupted and uncorrupted parts of a packet, and be adaptive with the dynamic environment. Cooperative jamming model has presented in recent times to utilize resource efficiently. However, very limited work is carried out using cooperative jamming detection. For overcoming research challenges, this work present Maximize Resource Utilization based Channel Access (MRUCA). The MRUCA uses cross layer design for mitigating reactive jammer (i.e., MRUCA jointly optimizes the cooperative hopping probabilities and channel accessibility probabilities of authenticated sensor device). Along with channel, load capacity of authenticated sensor device is estimated to utilize (maximize) resource efficiently. Experiment outcome shows the proposed MRUCA model attain superior performance than state-of-art model in terms of packet transmission, BER and Detection rate.
Volume: 10
Issue: 3
Page: 3284-3294
Publish at: 2020-06-01

Smart agriculture management system using internet of things

10.12928/telkomnika.v18i3.14029
Kaushik; Vignan Institute of Technology & Science Sekaran , Maytham N.; Al-Mustaqbal University College Meqdad , Pardeep; G. H. Raisoni College of Engineering Kumar , Soundar; Vignan Institute of Technology & Science Rajan , Seifedine; Beirut Arab University Kadry
In the world of digital era, an advance development with internet of things (IoT) were initiated, where devices communicate with each other and the process are automated and controlled with the help of internet. An IoT in an agriculture framework includes various benefits in managing and monitoring the crops. In this paper, an architectural framework is developed which integrates the internet of things (IoT) with the production of crops, different measures and methods are used to monitor crops using cloud computing. The approach provides real-time analysis of data collected from sensors placed in crops and produces result to farmer which is necessary for the monitoring the crop growth which reduces the time, energy of the farmer. The data collected from the fields are stored in the cloud and processed in order to facilitate automation by integrating IoT devices. The concept presented in the paper could increase the productivity of the crops by reducing wastage of resources utilized in the agriculture fields. The results of the experimentation carried out presents the details of temperature, soil moisture, humidity and water usage for the field and performs decision making analysis with the interaction of the farmer.
Volume: 18
Issue: 3
Page: 1275-1284
Publish at: 2020-06-01

Features detection based blind handover using kullback leibler distance for 5G HetNets systems

10.11591/ijai.v9.i2.pp193-202
Adnane El Hanjri , Aawatif Hayar , Abdelkrim Haqiq
The Fifth Generation of Mobile Networks (5G) is changing the cellular network infrastructure paradigm, and Small Cells are a key piece of this shift. But the high number of Small Cells and their low coverage involve more Handovers to provide continuous connectivity, and the selection, quickly and at low energy cost, of the appropriate one in the vicinity of thousands is also a key problem. In this paper, we propose a new method, to have an efficient, blind and rapid handover just by analysing Received Signal probability density function instead of demodulating and analysing Received Signal itself as in classical handover. The proposed method exploits KL Distance, Akaike Information Criterion (AIC) and Akaike weights, in order to decide blindly the best handover and the best Base Station (BS) for each user
Volume: 9
Issue: 2
Page: 193-202
Publish at: 2020-06-01

Readiness, acceptance and use of e-health systems in hospitals and health centers of north western ethiopia

10.11591/ijeecs.v18.i3.pp1510-1519
Abinew Ali Ayele
The purpose of this empirical study was to examine e-health readiness, acceptance and use in hospitals and health centers in Ethiopia. In this study, 900 samples were taken using a simple random sampling method from 10 Hospitals and 20 health centers in northwestern Ethiopia. SmartPls software was used for the structural equation modeling and path analysis techniques. All of the e-health readiness indicators, except employees’ attitudes showed that hospitals and health centers were not ready to implement and use e-health systems. The intentions of users to accept and use e-health systems were evaluated and determinants were identified. Service quality from the technological factors, self-efficacy from the human factors and user training from the organizational factors were found to be significant determinants of user satisfaction, individual performance, and organizational performance respectively. Major determinants were an organizational performance with a contribution of 37.6% influence followed by an individual performance with 28.2% contribution (together accounted for about 65.8% influence) of the users’ behavioral intentions to use e-health systems. The model, which explained 47.6 % of the variances in the data, was found to be significant.
Volume: 18
Issue: 3
Page: 1510-1519
Publish at: 2020-06-01

WSN nodes power consumption using multihop routing protocol for illegal cutting forest

10.12928/telkomnika.v18i3.14844
Giva Andriana; Telkom University Mutiara , Nanna; University Teknikal Malaysia Melaka Suryana , Othman; University Teknikal Malaysia Melaka Mohd
The need for an automation system from a remote area cannot be separated from the role of the wireless sensor network. However, the battery consumption is still a problem that influences the lifetime of the system. This research focused on studying how to characterize the power consumption on each sensor node using multihop routing protocol in the illegal logging field, to get the prediction lifetime of the network. The system is designed by using six sensor nodes in a master-slave connection and implemented in a tree topology. Each sensor node is consisting of a sound sensor, vibration sensor, Xbee communication, current and voltage sensor, and Arduino nano. The system is tested using battery 10050 mAH with several scenarios to have calculated how long the battery lifetime can be predicted. The results stated that the master node on the network depleted the power of the battery faster than the slave node since the more slaves connected to the master, the more energy the battery consumes.
Volume: 18
Issue: 3
Page: 1529-1537
Publish at: 2020-06-01

On-chip debugging for microprocessor design

10.12928/telkomnika.v18i3.13174
Fajar; Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta Suryawan , Bana; Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta Handaga , Abdul; Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta Basith
This article proposes a closer-to-metal approach of RTL inspection in microprocessor design for use in education, engineering, and research. Signals of interest are tapped throughout the microprocessor hierarchical design and are then output to the top-level entity and finally displayed to a VGA monitor. Input clock signal can be fed as slow as one wish to trace or debug the microprocessor being designed. An FPGA development board, along with its accompanying software package, is used as the design and test platform. The use of VHDL commands ’type’ and ’record’ in the hierarchy provides key ingredients in the overall design, since this allows simple, clean, and tractable code. The method is tested on MIPS single-cycle microprocessor blueprint. The result shows that the technique produces more consistent display of the true contents of registers, ALU input/output signals, and other wires – compared to the standard, widely-used simulation method. This approach is expected to increase confidence in students and designers since the reported signals’ values are the true values. Its use is not limited to the development of microprocessors; every FPGAbased digital design can benefit from it.
Volume: 18
Issue: 3
Page: 1229-1236
Publish at: 2020-06-01

Fuzzy gain scheduling control apply to an RC Hovercraft

10.11591/ijece.v10i3.pp2434-2440
Huu Khoa Tran , Pham Duc Lam , Tran Thanh Trang , Xuan Tien Nguyen , Hoang-Nam Nguyen
The Fuzzy Gain Scheduling (FGS) methodology for tuning the Proportional – Integral – Derivative (PID) traditional controller parameters by scheduling controlled gains in different phases, is a simple and effective application both in industries and real-time complex models while assuring the high achievements over pass decades, is proposed in this article. The Fuzzy logic rules of the triangular membership functions are exploited on-line to verify the Gain Scheduling of the Proportional – Integral – Derivative controller gains in different stages because it can minimize the tracking control error and utilize the Integral of Time Absolute Error (ITAE) minima criterion of the controller design process. For that reason, the controller design could tune the system model in the whole operation time to display the efficiency in tracking error. It is then implemented in a novel Remote Controlled (RC) Hovercraft motion models to demonstrate better control performance in comparison with the PID conventional controller.
Volume: 10
Issue: 3
Page: 2434-2440
Publish at: 2020-06-01

A chi-square-SVM based pedagogical rule extraction method for microarray data analysis

10.11591/ijaas.v9.i2.pp93-100
Mukhtar Damola Salawu , Micheal Olaolu Arowolo , Sulaiman Olaniyi Abdulsalam , Rafiu Mope Isiaka , Bilkisu Jimada-Ojuolape , Mudashiru Lateef Olumide , Kazeem A Gbolagade
Support Vector Machine (SVM) is currently an efficient classification technique due to its ability to capture nonlinearities in diagnostic systems, but it does not reveal the knowledge learnt during training. It is important to understand of how a decision is reached in the machine learning technology, such as bioinformatics. On the other hand, a decision tree has good comprehensibility; the process of converting such incomprehensible models into an understandable model is often regarded as rule extraction. In this paper we proposed an approach for extracting rules from SVM for microarray dataset by combining the merits of both the SVM and decision tree. The proposed approach consists of three steps; the SVM-CHI-SQUARE is employed to reduce the feature set. Dataset with reduced features is used to obtain SVM model and synthetic data is generated. Classification and Regression Tree (CART) is used to generate Rules as the Last phase. We use breast masses dataset from UCI repository where comprehensibility is a key requirement. From the result of the experiment as the reduced feature dataset is used, the proposed approach extracts smaller length rules, thereby improving the comprehensibility of the system. We obtained accuracy of 93.53%, sensitivity of 89.58%, specificity of 96.70%, and training time of 3.195 seconds. A comparative analysis is carried out done with other algorithms.
Volume: 9
Issue: 2
Page: 93-100
Publish at: 2020-06-01

Post-earthquake quality of life among students

10.11591/ijphs.v9i2.20377
Rusmini Rusmini , Lale Wisnu Andrayani , Hamdan Hariawan
Quality of life is one of the many psychological impacts of post-disaster. One of the impacts of the North Lombok earthquake in 2018 was that many school buildings and residences were damaged and collapsed. This research aimed to determine the quality of life of boarders and public students displaced after the earthquake in North Lombok. This research was comparative research with cross-sectional design. The samples of this research were 85 students consist of 40 students of emergency public school and 45 students of emergency Islamic boarding school. This research variable was the quality of life of boarders and public students. Measurement of this study using KIDSCREEN-27 and analyzed by bivariate and multivariate analysis with the value of α<0.05. This study showed the quality of life for boarders students higher than public students (p=0.008).
Volume: 9
Issue: 2
Page: 71-75
Publish at: 2020-06-01

Review on water quality monitoring technologies

10.11591/ijeecs.v18.i3.pp1416-1423
Josephine Ong Ning Ting , S. K. Yee
Water quality monitoring is always the prior element to ensure the drinking water is safe to be consumed. A lot of researches have been carried out over the past decades to design and develop a robust and cost-effective water monitoring system. The conventional water monitoring techniques were based on laboratory instruments which is time-consuming and laborious. Furthermore, it is not suitable when the water sampling point is far from the commercial laboratory centres. These limitations were then been solved by the developments of portable testing kits and microwave technique. The microwave techniques such as spectroscopy techniques and microwave sensor approach have improved the water quality monitoring experience which is convenient without sacrificing the measurement accuracy and sensitivity. Its portability enables the on-site measurement at rural areas and thus reduce the transportation and manpower cost. This paper intends to review the water contaminant detection techniques which include standardized drinking water parameter testing and microwave-based in terms of physical, chemical and microbiological parameters. Furthermore, this review also emphasizes the current trend of the water quality testing method in microwave technique. At the end of this paper, a significant advantages and drawbacks of the techniques are summarized, and recommendations are provided for future development in the water quality monitoring.
Volume: 18
Issue: 3
Page: 1416-1423
Publish at: 2020-06-01

Evolutionary algorithms based tuning of PID controller for an AVR system

10.11591/ijece.v10i3.pp3047-3056
Petchinathan Govindan
In this paper, an evolutionary algorithm based optimization algorithm is proposed with new objective function to design a PID controller for the automatic voltage regulator (AVR) system. The new objective function is proposed to improve the transient response of the AVR control system and to obtain the optimal values of controller gain. In this paper, particle swarm optimization (PSO) and cuckoo search (CS) algorithms are proposed to tune the parameters of a PID controller for the control of AVR system. Simulation results are capable and illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed method. Numerical and simulation results based on the proposed tuning approach on PID control of an AVR system for servo and regulatory control show the excellent performance of PSO and CS optimization algorithms.
Volume: 10
Issue: 3
Page: 3047-3056
Publish at: 2020-06-01

Parkinson disease classification: a comparative analysis on classification techniques

10.11591/ijeecs.v18.i3.pp1351-1358
Nazri Mohd Nawi , Mokhairi Makhtar , Zehan Afizah Afip , Mohd Zaki Salikon
Parkinson’s disease (PD) among Alzheimer’s and epilepsy are one of the most common neurological disorders which appreciably affect not only live of patients but also their households. According to the current trend of aging social behaviour, it is expected to see a rise of Parkinson’s disease. Even though there is no cure for PD, a proper medication at the early stage can help significantly in alleviating the symptoms. Since, the traditional method for identifying PD is rather invasive, expansive and complicated for self-use, there is a high demand for using classification method on PD detection. This paper compares the performance of Neural Network and decision tree for classifying and discriminating healthy people for people with Parkinson’s disease (PD) by distinguishing dysphonia. The simulation results demonstrate that Neural Network outperformed decision tree by giving accurate results with 87% accuracy as compared to decision tree with only 84% accuracy in determining the classification of healthy and people with Parkinson’s.
Volume: 18
Issue: 3
Page: 1351-1358
Publish at: 2020-06-01

Cyclic voltammetry characterization analysis on the cu/flame retardant 4 fabricated biosensor

10.11591/ijeecs.v18.i3.pp1199-1206
Irni Hamiza Hamzah , Azman Ab Malik , Aida Zulia Zulhanip , Zainal Hisham Che Soh , Alhan Farhanah Abd Rahim
Silicon, glass and ceramic are commonly base substrate used in DNA biosensor fabrication due to its biocompatible, expensive, hard and brittle. However due to the difficulty for drilling and dicing, these materials required expensive equipments and complex methodology of fabrication. Large gap of thermal expansion coefficient (TEC) between silicon/glass and film caused microcracks. Hence, the aim of this work is to investigate the suitability and the application of a non-biocompatible material, flame retardant 4 (FR4) as a base substrate for a label free DNA biosensor. Cyclic voltammetry (CV) reversible method has been implemented to test the fabricated Cu/Au on the FR4. It is found that the fabrication of Au has been made possible by the used of oxide-free Cu as an adhesion layer on the FR4 substrate. The area size of counter electrode (CE), working electrode (WE) and reference electrode (RE) are found to be 6.25 mm2, 0.581 mm2 and 1.04 mm2, respectively, in order to achieve the unity reversible redox relationship and to ensure the sensor’s reliability for 10 mM K3Fe(CN)6 solution in 0.1 M KCl. Thus it can be concluded that the proposed FR4-based substrate fulfilled the CV reversible process characterization.
Volume: 18
Issue: 3
Page: 1199-1206
Publish at: 2020-06-01

Optimised control using proportional-integral-derivative controller tuned using internal model control

10.11591/ijece.v10i3.pp2452-2462
B. Mabu Sarif , D. V. Ashok kumar , M. Venu Gopala Rao
Time delays are generally unavoidable in the designing frameworks for mechanical and electrical systems and so on.. In both continuous and discrete schemes, the existence of delay creates undesirable impacts on the under-thought which forces exacting constraints on attainable execution.The presence of delay confounds the design structure procedure also. It makes continuous systems boundless dimensional and also extends the readings in discrete systems fundamentally. As the Proportional-Integral-Derivative (PID) controller based on internal model control is essential and strong to address the vulnerabilities and aggravations of the model. But for an real industry process, they are less susceptible to noise than the PID controller.It results in just one tuning parameter which is the time constant of the closed-loop system λ, the internal model control filter factor.It additionally gives a decent answer for the procedure with huge time delays. The design of the PID controller based on the internal model control, with approximation of time delay using Pade’ and Taylor’s series is depicted in this paper. The first order filter used in the design provides good set-point tracking along with disturbance rejection.
Volume: 10
Issue: 3
Page: 2452-2462
Publish at: 2020-06-01
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