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Comparative study of scientific literacy: Indonesian and Thai pre-service science teachers report

10.11591/ijere.v9i2.20355
R. Ahmad Zaky El Islami , Prasart Nuangchalerm
The changing world needs literate citizens to live with creative society. This study aimed to compare science literacy of novice science teacher students from Thailand and Indonesia. Panel participants were 95 of Thai and 71 of Indonesian novice science teacher students who have been studying in the 1st and 2nd year of study in bachelor degree of science education programme. Data were collected by employed science literacy inventory; it was used for asking four components: content of science, context of science, science process, and scientific attitude based on local wisdom of Baduy’s society. Participants are freely considered in their perception. Results showed that Thai novice science teacher students had slightly better score than those Indonesian novice science teacher students, but statistical testing is not showed the differences. The future study is required to more investigation of how they promote science literacy in their school practicum.
Volume: 9
Issue: 2
Page: 261-268
Publish at: 2020-06-01

Experiences and satisfaction of high-risk mothers who gave birth in select facilities in Legazpi City, Philippines

10.11591/ijphs.v9i2.20381
Maria Stephanie Fay S. Cagayan MD , Veincent Christian F. Pepito , Rita Mae Ang Bon MD MPM , Erlidia F. Llamas-Clark
Among the interventions implemented to curb maternal mortality in the Philippines, service delivery networks (SDNs) have been one of the most important. However, due to their recent implementation, frameworks to assess the quality of care they provide have not yet been established. To address this need, we had formulated the Integrated Patient-Centered Health Service Framework and used it to explore the satisfaction of mothers who gave birth in select facilities Legazpi City Philippines. We conducted key-informant interviews with 14 mothers. We found out that they were satisfied with the quality of care during pre-pregnancy, pregnancy, and post-partum; however, the quality of care during labor and delivery, adherence to referral protocols, and respect for patient‟s autonomy can still be improved. The framework should be used by program managers to have a qualitative measure of quality of care provided by SDNs, as well as to ensure that referral protocols were implemented.
Volume: 9
Issue: 2
Page: 137-144
Publish at: 2020-06-01

Students’ opinions about teaching of the controversial topics in the social studies classes

10.11591/ijere.v9i2.20446
Kamil Uygun , Ibrahim Ethem Arslan
The aim of this study is to determine middle school 7th grade students’ opinions on controversial issues. In the research, screening model and quantitative research method has been used. The sample of the study consists of 7th graders from 5 public schools located on the center of Demirci district of Manisa province. The 5-point Likert-type questionnaire prepared with 20 items has been applied to 203 students. The data has been put into the statistical program and analyzed. By determining means, deviations and frequencies of all items in the survey, it has been tabulated and interpreted separately. “Mann Whitney U” and Kruskal Wallis H” tests have been used to find out whether the students' opinions about which subjects can be discussed in the classroom, shows significant difference according to various variables or not. Interpretation of the results has been done by the significance level of 0,5. According to the findings of the research, the topics that the students want to discuss the most in the classroom respectively are human rights, multiculturalism, election system, animal rights and freedom of the press. The topics that the students do not want to discuss in the classroom are terror and violence. When the results of the research has been examined according to various variables; Significant differences has been seen in different items, such as; The Gender (Military System, Religious Communities, Fanaticism and Cloning), Reading Books (TV Broadcasts), The Education of Father (Religious Communities, Multiculturalism), The Education of Mother (Military System, Religious Communities and Cloning), Father’s Profession (Religious Communities, Fanaticism, Internet and Elections System), Mother's Profession (Religious Communities) and Family Income Status (Internet).
Volume: 9
Issue: 2
Page: 335-344
Publish at: 2020-06-01

Evaluation of psoriasis skin disease classification using convolutional neural network

10.11591/ijai.v9.i2.pp349-355
Rosniza binti Roslan , Iman Najwa Mohd Razly , Nurbaity Sabri , Zaidah Ibrahim
Skin disease has lower impact on mortality compared to others but instead it has greater effect on quality of life because it involves symptoms such as pain, stinging and itchiness.  Psoriasis is one of the ordinary skin diseases which are relapsing, chronic and immune-mediated inflammatory disease.  It is estimated about 125 million people worldwide being infected with various types of skin infection.  Challenges arise when patients only predict the skin type disease they had without being accurately and precisely examined.  This is because as human being, they only observe and look at the diseases on the surface of the skin with their naked eye, where there are some limits, for example, human vision lacks of accuracy, reproducibility and quantification in the collection of image information.  As Plaque and Guttate are the most common Psoriasis skin disease happened among people, this paper presents an evaluation of Psoriasis skin disease classification using Convolutional Neural Network.  A total of 187 images which consist of 82 images for Plaque Psoriasis and 105 images for Guttate Psoriasis has been used which are retrieved from Psoriasis Image Library, International Psoriasis Council (IPC) and DermNet NZ.  Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) is applied in extracting features and analysing the classification of Psoriasis skin disease.  This paper showed the promising used of CNN with the accuracy rate of 82.9% and 72.4% for Plaque and Guttate Psoriasis skin disease, respectively.
Volume: 9
Issue: 2
Page: 349-355
Publish at: 2020-06-01

Predictors of stunting among pediatric children living with HIV/AIDS, Eastern Ethiopia

10.11591/ijphs.v9i2.20422
Dawit Gezahegn , Gudina Egata , Tesfaye Gobena , Berhanu Abebaw
Globally, there were about 3.4 million pediatric children (<15 years of age) who were living with HIV/AIDS. Ethiopia has one of the highest rates of malnutrition in Sub-Saharan Africa. As of 2013, there were about 160,000 pediatric children living with HIV/AIDS in Ethiopia. Even though undernutrition makes it difficult to combat HIV/AIDS, there is paucity of information on the magnitude of stunting and its predictors among seropositive pediatric children in low-income countries like Ethiopia. Institution based quantitative cross sectional study design was employed on 414 randomly selected pediatric (5-15 years) children living with HIV/AIDS in Harari Region and Dire Dawa City Administration Public Hospitals, Eastern Ethiopia. Pretested interviewer administered questionnaire and patient card review was held to collect data. Data were entered through Epi-data and exported to SPSS for analysis. The WHO Anthros plus software was used to calculate the anthropometric indices. Bivariate and Multivariable analysis along with 95%CI were done to identify predictors of stunting. Level of statistical significance was declared at P-value <0.05. The prevalence of stunting was found to be 30.9% (95%CI: 26.0-36.0%). Rural residence [AOR=4.0, (95%CI: 2.22, 7.17)], family monthly income of ≤500 ETB [AOR=5.79, (95%CI: 2.82, 11.60)], being anemic [AOR=3.17, (95% CI: 2.13, 4.93)] and the presence of diarrhea [AOR=6.21, 95% (CI: 3.39, 9.24)] were predictors of stunting. Thus, collaborative measures should be undertaken (to decrease frequent infections and to improve the economic status) to combat chronic malnutrition during HIV/AIDS treatment.
Volume: 9
Issue: 2
Page: 82-89
Publish at: 2020-06-01

Transceiver error reduction by design prototype system based on neural network analysis method

10.11591/ijeecs.v18.i3.pp1244-1251
Muthna Jasim Fadhil , Maitham Ali Naji , Ghalib Ahmed Salman
Code words traditional can be decoding when applied in artificial neural network. Nevertheless, explored rarely for encoding of artificial neural network so that it proposed encoder for artificial neural network forward with major structure built by Self Organizing Feature Map (SOFM). According to number of bits codeword and bits source mentioned the dimension of forward neural network at first then sets weight of distribution proposal choosing after that algorithm appropriate using for sets weight initializing and finally sets code word uniqueness check so that matching with existing. The spiking neural network (SNN) using as decoder of neural network for processing of decoding where depending on numbers of bits codeword and bits source dimension the spiking neural network structure built at first then generated sets codeword by network neural forward using for train spiking neural network after that when whole error reached minimum the process training stop and at last sets code word decode accepted. In tests simulation appear that feasible decoding and encoding neural network while performance better for structure network neural forward a proper condition is achieved with γ node output degree. The methods of mathematical traditional can not using for decoding generated Sets codeword by encoder network of neural so it is prospect good for communication security. 
Volume: 18
Issue: 3
Page: 1244-1251
Publish at: 2020-06-01

Patient satisfaction and associated factors among in-patients in Primary Hospitals of North Shoa Zone, Amhara Regional State, Ethiopia

10.11591/ijphs.v9i2.20412
Zenebe Wondimhunegn Weldearegay , Sisay Shewasinad Yehualahet , Shimelse Ololo Sinkie , Tilahun Fufa Debela
Satisfaction of patient is the preferred item for the consumption of care. It is related to health services consumption. The objective of the study was to determine the level of patient satisfaction and associated factors among patients Primary Hospitals of North Shoa Zone. Institutional-based cross-sectional study design were implemented from March 15-April 25, 2019. Sample sizes of 422 inpatients were included. Participants were selected by lottery method. Factor analysis was used in order to generate factor scores for further analysis. Variables P<0.25 on the bivariate analysis were included in the multiple linear regression and variables with p<0.05 with 95% confidence interval were considered as statistically significant. There was 59.1% inpatient was satisfied. Sex, religion, place of residence, previous admission and occupational status of a housewife, ggovernment employee and educational status of primary school were associated with patient satisfaction.
Volume: 9
Issue: 2
Page: 76-81
Publish at: 2020-06-01

Discrete wavelet transform-based RI adaptive algorithm for system identification

10.11591/ijece.v10i3.pp2383-2391
Mohammad Shukri Salman , Alaa Eleyan , Bahaa Al-Sheikh
In this paper, we propose a new adaptive filtering algorithm for system identification. The algorithm is based on the recursive inverse (RI) adaptive algorithm which suffers from low convergence rates in some applications; i.e., the eigenvalue spread of the autocorrelation matrix is relatively high. The proposed algorithm applies discrete-wavelet transform (DWT) to the input signal which, in turn, helps to overcome the low convergence rate of the RI algorithm with relatively small step-size(s). Different scenarios has been investigated in different noise environments in system identification setting. Experiments demonstrate the advantages of the proposed DWT recursive inverse (DWT-RI) filter in terms of convergence rate and mean-square-error (MSE) compared to the RI, discrete cosine transform LMS (DCTLMS), discrete-wavelet transform LMS (DWT-LMS) and recursive-least-squares (RLS) algorithms under same conditions.
Volume: 10
Issue: 3
Page: 2383-2391
Publish at: 2020-06-01

The development of simulation logic model that dealing with uncertainty for piping construction industry

10.11591/ijeecs.v18.i3.pp1311-1318
Zirawani Baharum , HairulNizam Mahdin , Fauziah Abdul Rahman
Basically, multi processes and activities involve in the piping construction (PC) projects needs to be followed before the project is handed over to the customer or client, called multi-project construction environment (MPCE). In PC, the MPCEs exist where more than one project is managed simultaneously within an organization become as a common phenomenon faced by managers that highly possible to face with uncertainty issues, lead to project completion late delivery (PCLD). Dealing with uncertainty in MPCE is a common, though managing uncertainty in PC become more complicated rather that others industry. Therefore, the objective of this paper is to develop the simulation logic model to deal with the uncertainty for PC projects that focused on environmental issues (EI). This result will be proceed for uncertainty model development in the next phase of this research. The simulation logic model development began with qualitative data collection towards the case study, to get all the activities throughout the water supply company. Then, the business model is developed with 14 activities before integrated with the uncertainty factors in EI. The integration of business model and uncertainty factors generated the simulation logic model as main contribution. Once the uncertainty model completely developed, it will provide a medium for PC that confront with MPCE to monitor the uncertainties and prepared to encounter any matters in future. Therefore, it is important to pursue in providing the PC company to all inclusive-model, and helping them in managing and tackling the uncertainty, especially for EI.
Volume: 18
Issue: 3
Page: 1311-1318
Publish at: 2020-06-01

Applying the big bang-big crunch metaheuristic to large-sized operational problems

10.11591/ijece.v10i3.pp2484-2502
Yousef K. Qawqzeh , Ghaith Jaradat , Ali Al-Yousef , Anmar Abu-Hamdah , Ibrahim Almarashdeh , Mutasem Alsmadi , Mohammed Tayfour , Khalid Shaker , Firas Haddad
In this study, we present an investigation of comparing the capability of a big bang-big crunch metaheuristic (BBBC) for managing operational problems including combinatorial optimization problems. The BBBC is a product of the evolution theory of the universe in physics and astronomy. Two main phases of BBBC are the big bang and the big crunch. The big bang phase involves the creation of a population of random initial solutions, while in the big crunch phase these solutions are shrunk into one elite solution exhibited by a mass center. This study looks into the BBBC’s effectiveness in assignment and scheduling problems. Where it was enhanced by incorporating an elite pool of diverse and high quality solutions; a simple descent heuristic as a local search method; implicit recombination; Euclidean distance; dynamic population size; and elitism strategies. Those strategies provide a balanced search of diverse and good quality population. The investigation is conducted by comparing the proposed BBBC with similar metaheuristics. The BBBC is tested on three different classes of combinatorial optimization problems; namely, quadratic assignment, bin packing, and job shop scheduling problems. Where the incorporated strategies have a greater impact on the BBBC's performance. Experiments showed that the BBBC maintains a good balance between diversity and quality which produces high-quality solutions, and outperforms other identical metaheuristics (e.g. swarm intelligence and evolutionary algorithms) reported in the literature.
Volume: 10
Issue: 3
Page: 2484-2502
Publish at: 2020-06-01

Stateful library service system design and implementation in Saudi Arabia

10.11591/ijece.v10i3.pp2690-2700
Arif Bramantoro
Service system has become one of the most challenging research issues in industry. Most of organizations in Saudi Arabia build their services with state-less technique to avoid many issues although there are some acknowledged advantages of using state-full technique. These issues are mainly related to the low number of visitors, low number of services, storage capacity and organization size. The purpose of this research is to create services that have capability in reading all required data from library management system, improving the service by applying state-full technique. Technology acceptance model is used to measure the acceptance of state-full service system through organizations and customers which gave some prediction to library high management to support them in decision making.
Volume: 10
Issue: 3
Page: 2690-2700
Publish at: 2020-06-01

Lung cancer transition rate by stages using discrete time markov model

10.11591/ijeecs.v18.i3.pp1295-1302
Muhammad Hakeem Omar , Syazreen Niza Shair , Nurin Haniah Asmuni
Morbidity risk is linked to the health status or a disease within a population. Morbidity risk is the risk of illness associated with health status or disease within a population. Cancer is one of the prime causes of both morbidity and mortality in majority of countries worldwide. In year 2016, the probability of Malaysian diagnosed with cancer before they reach age 75 is one over four. It has been reported that lung cancer has the highest deaths and it increased by 16.03% from 2012 to 2016. Malaysian National Cancer Registry reported that in year 2007 until 2011, 69.9% of lung cancer are men and the remaining 30.1% are women. Chinese become the dominant lung cancer cases representing 51.04% of total lung cancer patients in Malaysia followed by Malay, 44.81% and Indian, 4.16%. Treatments for lung cancer patients may vary by cancer stages. If cancer were just spread in one place, doctor may recommend a local treatment to get rid of cancer completely. Whereas, if a cancer has spread throughout the whole body, more comprehensive treatments may be needed. Therefore, knowing the probability of transition rate between cancer stages is important for healthcare cost effectiveness evaluation and expected cost calculation. This paper aims to estimate lung cancer transition rate by stages using the Functional Markov model. The Lung cancer transition rate will be calculated based on discrete time on a yearly basis. As a result, the probability of a Lung cancer patient recovering or deteriorating can be estimated.
Volume: 18
Issue: 3
Page: 1295-1302
Publish at: 2020-06-01

Determinants of iodine deficiency among school age children in Guraghe Zone, Southwest Ethiopia

10.11591/ijphs.v9i2.20387
Berhanu Abebaw , Abdu Oumer
Globally, insufficient iodine intake is found to be the most common preventable cause of mental retardation that results in diminished immunity, decreased school performance and infant and young child death. Ethiopia is the first of the top iodine deficient countries in the world. About 12 million children (school age) get inadequate iodine. Community based cross sectional study was conducted on 792 school age children in Guraghe Zone, Ethiopia to assess the determinants of iodine deficiency. Multistage sampling technique was used to select the study subjects. Data were collected by using pretested questionnaire. Clinical examinations were taken following standard procedures. The collected data were entered into Epi-data and exported to SPSS for analysis. Descriptive statistics was calculated and presented accordingly. Bivariate and multivariable Logistic regression with odds ratios along with the 95% confidence interval was computed and interpreted accordingly. A P-value <0.05 was declared as statistically significant association. Total goiter rate was 8.7%. Factors that had significant association with goiter were: School age children who utilized non iodized salt (AOR=3.12, 95% CI=1.73-5.63), those who consumed cabbage >2 times per week (AOR=1.94, 95% CI=1.10-3.52), and children who got elder (AOR=1.22, 95% CI=1.10-1.41). The study area had mild iodine deficiency disorder. Non iodized salt utilization; frequent cabbage consumption and increased age of children were found to be predictors of goiter. Thus, Interventions should focus on universal salt iodization, besides familiarizing goiterogens to the community at large.
Volume: 9
Issue: 2
Page: 90-96
Publish at: 2020-06-01

Analysis and simulations of optimal geometry shapes of the 4 and 9 nano hole arrays (NHAs) with surface plasmonics and optical properties of biosensors systems

10.11591/ijece.v10i3.pp2625-2632
Ahmed hussein Duhis , Mohanad Aljanabi
The possibility to limit and manipulate photons at nanometer scales attracted a lot of interest for exciting applications from subwavelength in laser, biosensors, biomedical and optoelectronics devices, the sensor optical properties, however; are complex due to two resonances through propagating and localized surface plasmons. The optical properties of surface plasmons (SPs) at the resonant wavelength is depending on the geometrical nanostructure of materials. In this article, we used different geometry of nanoholes array, 4 and 9 nanoholes array in a metallic film gold nanoparticle with different thickness (20,50,100) nm on SiO2 substrate with refractive index 1.46, we designed two different geometries; 4- holes: hole radius r1=200 nm, period p1=600 nm; and 9- holes: r2=100 nm, period p2=300 nm. Transmission and reflection spectrum have been calculated and simulated by FDTD Lumerical program. From results are observed the effect of thickness is interesting, transmission is increased at (t=20nm) for two arrays. Furthermore, the number of hole and its area has an influence on optical transmission and other parameters (E, H, Ref) which are characteristics of design of metallic nanostructure. We can see that there is a peak value of the wavelength at 519 nm approximately to 73% strong light transmission with 4-NHA in the other hand wavelength of 519 nm transmission is 45% with 9-NHA. strong light transmission is hopeful for many applications (biomedical devices, nanoantennas and laser optical fiber).
Volume: 10
Issue: 3
Page: 2625-2632
Publish at: 2020-06-01

Nutrient deficiency detection in Maize (Zea mays L.) leaves using image processing

10.11591/ijai.v9.i2.pp304-309
Nurbaity Sabri , Nurul Shafekah Kassim , Shafaf Ibrahim , Rosniza Roslan , Nur Nabilah Abu Mangshor , Zaidah Ibrahim
Maize is one of the world's leading food supplies. Therefore, the crop's production must continue to reproduce to fulfill the market demand. Maize is an active feeder, therefore, it need to be adequately supplied with nutrients. The healthy plants will be in deep green color to indicate it consist of adequate nutrient. Current practice to identify the nutrient deficiency on maize leaf is throught a laboratory test. It is time consuming and required agriculture knowledge. Therefore, an image processing approach has been done to improve the laboratory test and eliminate a human error in identification process. The purpose of this research is to help agriculturist, farmers and researchers to identify the type of maize nutrient deficiency to determine an action to be taken. This research using image processing techniques to determine the type of nutrient deficiency that occurs on the plant leaf. A combination of Gray-Level Co-Occurrence Matrix (GLCM), hu-histogram and color histogram has been used as a parameter for further classification process. Random forest technique was used as classifiers manage to achive 78.35% of accuracy. It shows random forest is a suitable classifier for nutrient deficiency detection in maize leaves. More machine learning algorithm will be tested to increase current accuracy.
Volume: 9
Issue: 2
Page: 304-309
Publish at: 2020-06-01
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