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31,456 Article Results

A new clustering technique based on replication for MANET routing protocols

10.12928/telkomnika.v18i6.15998
Salma S.; Mansoura University Mohammed , A. I.; Mansoura University Abd-Elfattah , Mohamed A.; Mansoura University Mohamed
The cluster head nodes in most mobile ad hoc networks (MANET) clustering protocols take on an extraordinary role in managing routing information. The reliability, efficiency and scalability of the clustering in MANET will ultimately be dramatically impacted. In this work we establish a new approach to form the clusters in MANET called the square cluster-based routing protocol (SCBRP). That protocol is based on the theory of replication. The goal of the protocol is to achieve reliability, availability and scalability with in the MANET. The proposed protocol is evaluated by caring the performance analysis using the NS-3 simulator. The performance shows 50% improvementin data delivering ratio in large network size, also shows an improvement in network stability and availability which is reflected in energy consumption measurements and increase in the system lifetime to 20%.
Volume: 18
Issue: 6
Page: 3339-3345
Publish at: 2020-12-01

Low cost, high performance fuel cell energy conditioning system controlled by neural network

10.12928/telkomnika.v18i6.16426
Fredy H.; Universidad Distrital Francisco José de Caldas Martínez S. , Fernando Martínez; Universidad Distrital Francisco José de Caldas S. , Holman Montiel; Universidad Distrital Francisco José de Caldas Ariza
Fuel cells are an important option for the generation of renewable, efficient and environmentally friendly electricity. Although there are commercial applications in the industrial, residential and automotive sectors, it is not yet a mature technology and requires much research, particularly to reduce its costs to a level competitive with other technologies. This research is currently focused not only on the structure of the cell but also on the additional elements and sub systems required for its implementation as an energy solution. In this article, we propose an electrical energy conditioning scheme for the Formic acid fuel cell (direct formic acid fuel cellor DFAFC). This fuel cell was selected for its high performance, and low cost in low and medium power applications. The proposed system consists of a direct current-direct current (DC-DC) regulator supported by a power converter controlled by a Cortex-M3 ARM processor. This CPU is used to propagate a static neural network trained with the non-linear dynamics of the power converter. The power circuit is modeled and simulated to produce  the training parameters. The neural network is trained externally and runs off-line on the processor. The results show not only the regulation capacity of the control scheme but also its response speed to sudden changes in the load.
Volume: 18
Issue: 6
Page: 3116-3122
Publish at: 2020-12-01

Cyber DoS attack based security simulator for VANET

10.11591/ijece.v10i6.pp5832-5843
Muntadher Naeem Yasir , Muayad Sadik Croock
At the late years, researches focused on the cyber Denial of Service (DoS) attacks in the Vehicle Ad hoc Networks (VANETS). This is due to high importance of ensuring the save receiving of information in terms of Vehicle to Vehicle (V2V), Vehicle to Infrastructure (V2I) and Vehicle to Road Side Unit (V2R). In this paper, a cyber-security system is proposed to detect and block the DoS attacks in VANET. In addition, a simulator for VENAT based on lightweight authentication and key exchange is presented to simulate the network performance and attacks. The proposed system consists of three phases: registration, authentication as well as communications and DoS attack detection. These phases improve the system ability to detect the attacks in efficient way. Each phase working is based in a proposed related algorithm under the guidance of lightweight protocol. In order to test the proposed system, a prototype is considered includes six cars and we adopt police cars due to high importance of exchanged information. Different case studies have been considered to evaluate the proposed system and the obtained results show a high efficiency of performance in terms of information exchange and attack detection.
Volume: 10
Issue: 6
Page: 5832-5843
Publish at: 2020-12-01

The selection of the relevant association rules using the ELECTRE method with multiple criteria

10.11591/ijai.v9.i4.pp638-645
Azzeddine Dahbi , siham jabri , youssef balouki , Taoufiq Gadi
The extraction of association rules is a very attractive data mining task and the most widespread in the business world and in modern society, trying to obtain the interesting relationship and connection between collections of articles, products or items in high transactional databases. The immense quantity of association rules obtained expresses the main obstacle that a decision maker can handle. Consequently, in order to establish the most interesting association rules, several interestingness measures have been introduced. Currently, there is no optimal measure that can be chosen to judge the selected association rules. To avoid this problem we suggest to apply ELECTRE method one of the multi-criteria decision making, taking into consideration a formal study of measures of interest according to structural properties, and intending to find a good compromise and select the most interesting association rules without eliminating any measures. Experiments conducted on reference data sets show a significant improvement in the performance of the proposed strategy.
Volume: 9
Issue: 4
Page: 638-645
Publish at: 2020-12-01

A robust watermarking algorithm for medical images

10.11591/ijeecs.v20.i3.pp1601-1612
Ahmed Nagm , Mohammed Safy
Integrated healthcare systems require the transmission of medical images between medical centres. The presence of watermarks in such images has become important for patient privacy protection. However, some important issues should be considered while watermarking an image. Among these issues, the watermark should be robust against attacks and does not affect the quality of the image. In this paper, a watermarking approach employing a robust dynamic secret code is proposed. This approach is to process every pixel of the digital image and not only the pixels of the regions of non-interest at the same time it preserves the image details. The performance of the proposed approach is evaluated using several performance measures such as the mean square error (MSE), the mean absolute error (MAE), the peak signal to noise ratio (PSNR), the universal image quality index (UIQI) and the structural similarity index (SSIM). The proposed approach has been tested and shown robustness in detecting the intentional attacks that change image, specifically the most important diagnostic information.
Volume: 20
Issue: 3
Page: 1601-1612
Publish at: 2020-12-01

An application of machine learning on corporate tax avoidance detection model

10.11591/ijai.v9.i4.pp721-725
Rahayu Abdul Rahman , Suraya Masrom , Normah Omar , Maheran Zakaria
Corporate tax avoidance reduces government revenues which could limit country development plans. Thus, the main objectives of this study is to establish a rigorous and effective model to detect corporate tax avoidance to assist government to prevent such practice. This paper presents the fundamental knowledge on the design and implementation of machine learning model based on five selected algorithms tested on the real dataset of 3,365 Malaysian companies listed on bursa Malaysia from 2005 to 2015. The performance of each machine learning algorithms on the tested dataset has been observed based on two approaches of training. The accuracy score for each algorithm is better with the cross-validation training approach. Additionationally, with the cross-validation training approach, the performances of each machine learning algorithm were tested on different group of features selection namely industry, governance, year and firm characteristics. The findings indicated that the machine learning models present better reliability with industry, governance and firm characteristics features rather than single year determinant mainly with the Random Forest and Logistic Regression algorithms.
Volume: 9
Issue: 4
Page: 721-725
Publish at: 2020-12-01

The application of green YPO4:Ce3+,Tb3+ and red LiLaO2:Eu3+ layers to remote phosphor LED

10.12928/telkomnika.v18i6.13647
My Hanh Nguyen; Industrial University of Ho Chi Minh City Thi , Nguyen Thi Phuong; Posts and Telecommunications Institute of Technology Loan , Nguyen Doan Quoc; Ton Duc Thang University Anh
Remote phosphor structure is commonly limited in color quality, but has greater luminous flux when comparing to structures with in-cup or conformal coating. From this dilemma, various researches with advance modifications have been proposed to perfect the chromatic performance of remote structure. In this research, we reach higher color quality by obtaining better values in quality indcators such as color rendering index (CRI) and color quality scale (CQS) with the dual-layer phosphor in our remote white light-emitting diodes (WLEDs). The idea is to ultize WLEDs with 7000 K correlated color temperature (CCT) and create dual-layer configuration with yellow phosphor YAG:Ce3+ under green phosphor YPO4:Ce3+,Tb3+ or red phosphor LiLaO2:Eu3+. After that, we search for suitable concentration of LiLaO2:Eu3+ for addition in order to acquire the finest color quality. The result shows that WLED with LiLaO2:Eu3+ has better CRI and CQS as the higher the concentration of LiLaO2:Eu3+, the larger CRI and CQS due to increased light scattered in WLEDs. Meanwhile, the green phosphor layer YPO4:Ce3+,Tb3+ give advantages to luminous flux. However, the reduction in luminous flux and color quality occurs when the concentration of LiLaO2:Eu3+ and YPO4:Ce3+,Tb3+ over increase. Results are verified by Mie theory and Beer’s Law and can be applied to practical manufacturing of high quality WLEDs.
Volume: 18
Issue: 6
Page: 3216-3221
Publish at: 2020-12-01

The detection of handguns from live-video in real-time based on deep learning

10.12928/telkomnika.v18i6.16174
Mohammed; Northern Technical University Ghazal , Najwan; Northern Technical University Waisi , Nawal; Northern Technical University Abdullah
Many people have been killed indiscriminately by the use of handguns in different countries. Terroristacts, online fighting games and mentally disturbed people are considered the common reasons for these crimes.  A real-time handguns detection surveillance system is built to overcome these badacts, based on convolutional neural networks (CNNs). This method is focused on the detection of different weapons, such as (handgun and rifles). The identification of handguns from surveillance cameras and images requires monitoring by human supervisor, that can cause errors. To overcome this issue,the designed detection system sends an alert message to the supervisor when aweapon is detected. In the proposed detection system, a pre-trained deep learning model MobileNetV3-SSDLite is used to perform the handgundetection operation. This model has been selected becauseit is fast and accurate in infering to integrate network for detecting and classifying weaponsin images. The experimental result using global handguns datasets of various weapons showed that the use of MobileNetV3 with SSDLite model bothenhance the accuracy level in identifying the real time handguns detection.
Volume: 18
Issue: 6
Page: 3026-3032
Publish at: 2020-12-01

The impact of sociodemographic factors on academic achievements among high school students in Indonesia

10.11591/ijere.v9i4.20572
Deri Indrahadi , Amika Wardana
This study aimed to examine the effect of sociodemographic, student and school factors on the academic achievement of high school students in Indonesia. Using the cross-sectional survey data from the 2015 Indonesian Family Life Survey (IFLS) particularly involving 1,421 respondents (of the academic performances during their school years), the study run multiple regression analysis to examine the influences of their parents’ sociodemographic, students and other school-related factors on their academic achievements during their school years. As the results, it was revealed that the sociodemographic factors, students and schools predict significantly academic achievement of students in Indonesia. The results provided feedback to students and parents, schools and education policymakers in improving student academic achievement.
Volume: 9
Issue: 4
Page: 1114-1120
Publish at: 2020-12-01

A beamforming comparative study of least mean square, genetic algorithm and grey wolf optimization algorithms for multipath smart antenna system

10.12928/telkomnika.v18i6.16970
Asma Issa; Al-Furat Al-Awsat Technical University Mohsin , Asaad S.; Al-Furat Al-Awsat Technical University Daghal , Adheed Hasan; Al-Mustansiriyah University Sallomi
Multipath environment is a limitation fact in optimized usage of wireless networks. Using smart antenna and beamforming algorithms contributed to that subscribers get a higher-gain signal and better directivity as well as reduce the consumed power for users and the mobile base stations by adjusting the appropriate weights for each element in the antenna array that leads to reducing interference anddirecting the main beam to wanted user. In this paper, the performance of three of beamforming algorithms in multipath environment in terms of directivity and side lobe level reduction has been studied and compared, which are least mean square (LMS), genetic algorithm (GA) and grey wolf optimization (GWO) technique. The simulation result appears that LMS algorithm aids us to get the best directivity followed by the GWO, and we may get most sidelobe level reduction by using the GA algorithm, followed by LMS algorithm in second rank.  
Volume: 18
Issue: 6
Page: 2911-2920
Publish at: 2020-12-01

The nonlinear computed torque control of a quadrotor

10.11591/ijeecs.v20.i3.pp1221-1229
Y. Meddahi , K. Zemalache Meguenni , H. Aoued
This paper work focused on the study of the nonlinear computed torque control of a quadrotor helicopter. In order to model the dynamic of the vehicles, kinematics and dynamics modeling of the X4 is presented. Euler angles and parameters are used in the formulation of this model and the technique of Computed Torque control is introduced. In the second part of the paper, we develop a methodology of control that allows the quadrotor to accomplish a prospecting mission of an environment, as the follow-up of a trajectory by the simulation. Results show that Computed Torque control method is suitable for X4.
Volume: 20
Issue: 3
Page: 1221-1229
Publish at: 2020-12-01

Proportional-integral genetic algorithm controller for stability of TCP network

10.11591/ijece.v10i6.pp6225-6232
Mohammed Qasim Sulttan , Manal Hadi Jaber , Salam Waley Shneen
The life development and increase the number of internet users imposed an increase in data circulating on the internet network and then make the network more congestion. As a result of all this, some problems arose such as time delay in packets delivery, loss of packets, and exceed the buffer capacity for the middle routers. To overcome those problems, transmission control protocol and active queue management (TCP/AQM) have been used. AQM is the main approach used to control congestion and overcome those problems to improve network performance. This work proposes to use the proportional-integral (PI) controller with a genetic algorithm (GA) as an active queue manager for routers of the Internet. The simulation results show a good performance for managing the congestion with using proportional-integral genetic algorithm (GA-PI) controller better than the PI controller.
Volume: 10
Issue: 6
Page: 6225-6232
Publish at: 2020-12-01

Factors influencing the success of information systems in flood early warning and response systems context

10.12928/telkomnika.v18i6.14666
Waleed A.; Universiti Malaysia Pahang Hammood , Salwana Mohamad; Universiti Malaysia Pahang @Asmara , Ruzaini A.; Universiti Malaysia Pahang Arshah , Omar A.; Universiti Malaysia Pahang Hammood , Hussam Al; University of Malaya Halbusi , Mohammed Abdullah; Universiti Malaysia Pahang Al-Sharafi
Flash flood is a natural disaster that often occurs after heavy rain, and it is getting more common nowadays. The  flood early warning and response system (FEWRS) can be installed to minimize the level of damage and the number of casualties due to flood by providing accurate and reliable flood data. Unfortunately, the existing number of studies detailing on the factors affecting the efficiency of FEWRS in flood disaster is quite limited. The above issue is addressed in the current work, which involves conducting a comprehensive literature review on the factors that drive the effectiveness of information systems (IS) in FEWRS. The current analysis was based on the Wymer and Regan's standards. From the 66 factors identified from the previous studies on IS adoption, the most significant factors affecting the effectiveness of FEWRS are: system quality, information quality, user satisfaction, service quality, use, perceived usefulness, intention to use,net benefits, perceived ease of use,compatibility, user experience, relative advantage, complexity, perceivedrisks, educational quality, and confirmation, these factors can be constructed to the success model to address the effectiveness of FEWRS in disaster management.
Volume: 18
Issue: 6
Page: 2956-2961
Publish at: 2020-12-01

Medical remotely caring with COVID-19 virus infected people using optimized wireless arm tracing system

10.12928/telkomnika.v18i6.16331
Mohammed Azher; Al-Furat Al-Awsat Technical University Therib , Ahmed Fahem; Al-Furat Al-Awsat Technical University Al-Baghdadi , Heyam; Al-Furat Al-Awsat Technical University Marzog
A human arm makes many functions that a robotic arm always programmed to make same functions. The human limbs motion can be captured using sensors that they will always copy hand movement. The rapid spread of the Coronavirus (COVID-19) virus and contacting the infections make the number of patients doubled in short time. The system proposed in this research can protect clinicians against infection with virus by reducing the contact with the infected and treat them remotely. This system type can be useful in different other fields of industrial works and defense where dangerous and delicate task can be done remotely without actual touch. Xbee shield is used to allow a hand glove flex sensor to communicate with the robotic arm using Zigbee wirelessly. Zigbee here is based on Xbee module from Max stream that can be communicate outdoor for 300 feet with the line of sight and indoor for 100 feet. Proportional, integral and derivative (PID) controller used in the proposed system to achieve smooth movement of limbs. The desired signal comes from flex sensor that connected to each limb. Kalman estimator proposed to find current state of each limb. In order to get better performance, particle swarm optimization (PSO) is used.
Volume: 18
Issue: 6
Page: 2886-2893
Publish at: 2020-12-01

Best neural simultaneous approximation

10.11591/ijeecs.v20.i3.pp1584-1590
Hawraa Abbas Almurieb , Eman S. Bhaya
For many years, approximation concepts has been investigated in view of neural networks for the several applications of the two topics. Researchers studied simultaneous approximation in the 2-normed space and proved essential theorems concern with existence, uniqueness and degree of best approximation. Here, we define a new 2-norm in Lp-space, with p<1, so we call it Lp quasi 2- normed space (Lp,2). The set of approximations is a space of feedforward neural networks that is constructed in this paper. Existence and uniqueness of best neural approximation for a function from  is proved, describing the rate of best approximation in terms of modulus of smoothness.
Volume: 20
Issue: 3
Page: 1584-1590
Publish at: 2020-12-01
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