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31,456 Article Results

Design and implementation of pipelined and parallel AES encryption systems using FPGA

10.11591/ijeecs.v20.i1.pp287-299
Mohamed Nabil , Ashraf A. M. Khalaf , Sara M. Hassan
The information security is one of the most important issues in the design of any communication network.One of the most common encryption algorithms is the advanced encryption standard (AES).The main problem facing the AES algorithm is the high time consumption due to the large number of rounds used for performing the encryption operation. The more time the encryption system consumes to encrypt the data, the more chances the hackers have to break the system.This paper presents two effective algorithms that can be used to solve the mentioned problem and to achieve an effective processing time reduction using pipelined and parallel techniques to perform the encryption steps. These algorithms are based on using certain techniques to make the system able to encrypt many different states (the data will be encrypted) in the same time with no necessity to wait for the previous encryption operation to be completed. These two algorithms are very effective especially for big data size. This paper describes in detail the AES encryption system algorithm and a detailed explanation for the proposed algorithms. Moreover, the research shows the implementation of the three algorithms: the traditional, the pipelined, and the parallel algorithms, and finally a comparison between them.
Volume: 20
Issue: 1
Page: 287-299
Publish at: 2020-10-01

Optimal power generation for wind-hydro-thermal system using meta-heuristic algorithms

10.11591/ijece.v10i5.pp5123-5130
Thuan Thanh Nguyen , Van-Duc Phan , Bach Hoang Dinh , Tan Minh Phan , Thang Trung Nguyen
In this paper, Cuckoo search algorithm (CSA) is suggested for determining optimal operation parameters of the combined wind turbine and hydrothermal system (CWHTS) in order to minimize total fuel cost of all operating thermal power plants while all constraints of plants and system are exactly satisfied. In addition to CSA, Particle swarm optimization (PSO), PSO with constriction factor and inertia weight factor (FCIWPSO) and Social Ski-Driver (SSD) are also implemented for comparisons. The CWHTS is optimally scheduled over twenty-four one-hour interval and total cost of producing power energy is employed for comparison. Via numerical results and graphical results, it indicates CSA can reach much better results than other ones in terms of lower total cost, higher success rate and faster search process. Consequently, the conclusion is confirmed that CSA is a very efficient method for the problem of determining optimal operation parameters of CWHTS.
Volume: 10
Issue: 5
Page: 5123-5130
Publish at: 2020-10-01

28 GHz balanced pHEMT VCO with low phase noise and high output power performance for 5G mm-Wave systems

10.11591/ijece.v10i5.pp4623-4630
Abdelhafid Es-saqy , Maryam Abata , Mahmoud Mehdi , Said Mazer , Mohammed Fattah , Moulhime El Bekkali , Catherine Algani
This paper presents the study and design of a balanced voltage controlled oscillator VCO for 5G wireless communication systems. This circuit is designed in monolithic microwave integrated circuit (MMIC) technology using PH15 process from UMS foundry. The VCO ensures an adequate tuning range by a single-ended pHEMT varactors configuration. The simulation results show that this circuit delivers a sinusoidal signal of output power around 9 dBm with a second harmonic rejection between 25.87 and 33.83 dB, the oscillation frequency varies between 26.46 and 28.90 GHz, the phase noise is -113.155 and -133.167 dBc/Hz respectively at 1 MHz and 10 MHz offset and the Figure of Merit is -181.06 dBc/Hz. The power consumed by the VCO is 122 mW. The oscillator layout with bias and RF output pads occupies an area of 0.515 mm2.
Volume: 10
Issue: 5
Page: 4623-4630
Publish at: 2020-10-01

Transient analysis of systems exhibiting inverse response and their control with CSTR as a case study

10.11591/ijeecs.v20.i1.pp89-99
Rohan Lakhani , C. R. Srinivasan , Srividya R
In this paper the phenomenon of inverse response from systems was investigated and its transient response thoroughly analyzed. Inverse response is shown by non-minimum phase systems and some minimum phase systems. Transient analysis of these systems is lacking in literature A case study was done for a non-linear, non-minimum phase CSTR (continuous stirred tank reactor), which was identified and a novel optimized trajectory for temperature feed was synthesized, which is a non-linear dynamic constrained optimization problem solved using ACADO for a particular chemical reaction. Different control schemes were also implemented on other systems as well, which exibhit inverse responses, including model reference adaptive control. The finding shows that PID-ZN goes with the inverse response, is unable to suppress it and requires large control effort which can have serious hardware limitations. Robustness is another area where PID is lacking with these systems. MRAC shemes were able to overcome all these issues. For CSTR also, these findings hold true thus points at using advance stratigies in process control industries for maximzing product yield.
Volume: 20
Issue: 1
Page: 89-99
Publish at: 2020-10-01

The cubic root unscented kalman filter to estimate the position and orientation of mobile robot trajectory

10.11591/ijece.v10i5.pp5243-5250
Omar Bayasli , Hassen Salhi
In this paper we introduce a Cubic Root Unscented Kalman Filter (CRUKF) compared to the Unscented Kalman Filter (UKF) for calculating the covariance cubic matrix and covariance matrix within a sensor fusion algorithm to estimate the measurements of an omnidirectional mobile robot trajectory. We study the fusion of the data obtained by the position and orientation with a good precision to localize the robot in an external medium; we apply the techniques of Kalman Filter (KF) to the estimation of the trajectory. We suppose a movement of mobile robot on a plan in two dimensions. The sensor approach is based on the Cubic Root Unscented Kalman Filter (CRUKF) and too on the standard Unscented Kalman Filter (UKF) which are modified to handle measurements from the position and orientation. A real-time implementation is done on a three-wheeled omnidirectional mobile robot, using a dynamic model with trajectories. The algorithm is analyzed and validated with simulations.
Volume: 10
Issue: 5
Page: 5243-5250
Publish at: 2020-10-01

Mitigation of magnetising inrush current in three–phase power transformer

10.11591/ijeecs.v20.i1.pp39-45
Mudita Banerjee , Anita Khosla
During energization of no – load transformers, a high and peaky current flow on the primary side which has rich second harmonics. This current is magnetising inrush current and it is generated when transformer core is driven deep into saturation. This current has various disturbances on transformer attribute; reduced life-span, major voltage drop, insulation weakening, electrical and mechanical vibrations in coils, difficulties in protecting relays and all leads to poor power quality of the electric system. This paper presents the analysis and comparison of recent techniques to reduce the magnitude of inrush current during energization of power transformer. The simulation results are provided for Pre – insertion of resistors, Controlled swithing and Pre – fluxing method. The best method is suggested for mitigating inrush current by simulating in MATLAB/SIMULINK environment.
Volume: 20
Issue: 1
Page: 39-45
Publish at: 2020-10-01

A survey on security and privacy issues in IoV

10.11591/ijece.v10i5.pp5409-5419
Tanvi Garg , Navid Kagalwalla , Prathamesh Churi , Ambika Pawar , Sanjay Deshmukh
As an up-and-coming branch of the internet of things, internet of vehicles (IoV) is imagined to fill in as a fundamental information detecting and processing platform for astute transportation frameworks. Today, vehicles are progressively being associated with the internet of things which empower them to give pervasive access to data to drivers and travelers while moving. Be that as it may, as the quantity of associated vehicles continues expanding, new prerequisites, (for example, consistent, secure, vigorous, versatile data trade among vehicles, people, and side of the road frameworks) of vehicular systems are developing. Right now, the unique idea of vehicular specially appointed systems is being changed into another idea called the internet of vehicles (IoV). We talk about the issues faced in implementing a secure IoV architecture. We examine the various challenges in implementing security and privacy in IoV by reviewing past papers along with pointing out research gaps and possible future work and putting forth our on inferences relating to each paper.
Volume: 10
Issue: 5
Page: 5409-5419
Publish at: 2020-10-01

Economical fabrication of graphite/paper-based humidity sensor

10.11591/ijeecs.v20.i1.pp54-59
Shuthish Elangkovan , Mastura Shafinaz Zainal Abidin , Shaharin Fadzli Abd Rahman , Mohammad Shafiq Che Soh , Ahmad Bukhairi Md Rashid
Paper is regarded as a promising alternative for low-cost and biodegradable substrate. Paper can be a very good humidity detecting substrate due to its capability to absorb water vapour, thanks to its porous surface. This work explores the feasibility of developing a paper-based humidity sensor using simple and low cost fabrication process. Two type of electrode structures, namely interdigitated and parallel electrode, were formed by using two different pencil grade. The pencil grades used were 2B and 6B. The current-voltage (I-V) characteristics of the fabricated device were measured under different relative humidity and its humidity sensing operation was analyzed. It was observed that the sensor with the 6B and parallel electrode configuration was the most responsive to humidity changes while the 6B interdigitated sensor was the second best. The sensors fabricated with the 6B electrodes are better at sensing humidity changes compared to the sensors fabricated using 2B electrodes.
Volume: 20
Issue: 1
Page: 54-59
Publish at: 2020-10-01

An adaptive anomaly request detection framework based on dynamic web application profiles

10.11591/ijece.v10i5.pp5335-5346
Cho Do Xuan , Nam Nguyen , Hoa Nguyen Dinh
Web application firewall is a highly effective application in protecting the application layer and database layer of websites from attack access. This paper proposes a new web application firewall deploying method based on Dynamic Web application profiling (DWAP) analysis technique. This is a method to deploy a firewall based on analyzing website access data. DWAP is improved to integrate deeply into the structure of the website to increase the compatibility of the anomaly detection system into each website, thereby improving the ability to detect abnormal requests. To improve the compatibility of the web application firewall with protected objects, the proposed system consists of two parts with the main tasks are: i) Detect abnormal access in web application (WA) access; ii) Semi-automatic update the attack data to the abnormal access detection system during WA access. This new method is applicable in real-time detection systems where updating of new attack data is essential since web attacks are increasingly complex and sophisticated.
Volume: 10
Issue: 5
Page: 5335-5346
Publish at: 2020-10-01

An optimise ELM by league championship algorithm based on food images

10.11591/ijeecs.v20.i1.pp132-137
Salwa Khalid Abdulateef , Taj-Aldeen Naser Abdali , Mohanad Dawood Salman Alroomi , Mohamed Aktham Ahmed Altaha
This paper presents an optimisation of extreme learning machine by league championship algorithm based on food images. extreme learning machine (ELM) is an effective classifier because of the performance which is higher than other classifiers’ aspects. However, some important drawbacks still work as a hindrance like failure of optimal selection weights for the weights of the input-hidden layer and the output of the threshold. In spite of the wide number of problem-solving attempts, there was no solution to be considered effective. This paper presents the approach of hybrid learning and the League Championship Algorithm is used by for the purpose of selecting the input weights and the thresholds outputs. The experimental outcomes showed that the performance of proposed technique is superior as compared according to different scenarios of the measures to benchmark. The proposed method has achieved an overall accuracy of 95% for UEC food 100 dataset and 94% for UEC food 256 dataset comparing with 94% and 80% for baseline approaches.
Volume: 20
Issue: 1
Page: 132-137
Publish at: 2020-10-01

The impact of firewall on TCP and UDP throughput in an openflow software defined network

10.11591/ijeecs.v20.i1.pp256-263
Mutaz Hamed Hussien Khairi , Sharifah H. S. Ariffin , N. M. Abdul Latiff , Kamaludin Mohamad Yusof , M. K. Hassan , Mohammad Rava
Software defined networking (SDN) is an emerging networking paradigm that provides more flexibility and adaptability in terms of network definition and control. However, SDN is a logically centralized technology. Therefor the control plane (i.e. controller) scalability in SDN in particular, is also one of the problems that needs further focus. OpenFlow is one of the protocol standards in SDN, which allow the separation of the controller from the forwarding plane. The control plane has an SDN embedded firewall and is able to enforce and monitor the network activity. This firewall can be used to control the throughput. However, it may affect SDN performance. In this paper, throughput will be used as a performance metric to evaluate and assess the firewall impact on two protocols; transmission control protocol (TCP) and user datagram protocol (UDP) that passes through the forwarding planes. The evaluations have been verified through simulating the SDN OpenFlow network using MININET. The results show that an implementation of firewall module in SDN creates a significant 36% average drop for TCP and 87% average drop for UDP in the bandwidth which eventually affect the quality of the network and applications.
Volume: 20
Issue: 1
Page: 256-263
Publish at: 2020-10-01

Framework for reversible data hiding using cost-effective encoding system for video steganography

10.11591/ijece.v10i5.pp5487-5496
Manjunath Kamath K. , R. Sanjeev Kunte
Importances of reversible data hiding practices are always higher in contrast to any conventional data hiding schemes owing to its capability to generate distortion free cover media. Review of existing approaches on reversible data hiding approaches shows variable scheme mainly focussing on the embedding mechanism; however, such schemes could be furthermore improved using encoding scheme for optimal embedding performance. Therefore, the proposed manuscript discusses about a cost-effective scheme where a novel encoding scheme has been used with larger block sizes which reduces the dependencies over larger number of blocks. Further a gradient-based image registration technique is applied to ensure higher quality of the reconstructed signal over the decoding end. The study outcome shows that proposed data hiding technique is proven better than existing data hiding scheme with good balance between security and restored signal quality upon extraction of data.
Volume: 10
Issue: 5
Page: 5487-5496
Publish at: 2020-10-01

Image encryption scheme in public key cryptography based on cubic pells quadratic case

10.11591/ijeecs.v20.i1.pp385-394
Raghunandan K. R. , Ganesh Aithal , Surendra Shetty , Bhavya K.
Cryptography systems face new threats with the transformation of time and technology. Each innovation tries to contest challenges posed by the previous system by analyzing approaches that are able to provide impressive outcomes. The prime aim of this work is to urge ways in which the concept of Pell’s equation can be used in Public key Cryptography techniques.The main aim of this approach is secure and can be computed very fast. Using Cubic Pell’s equation defined in Quadratic Case, a secure public key technique for Key generation process is showcased. The paper highlights that a key generation time of proposed scheme using Pell’s Quadratic case equation is fast compared to existing methods.The strength and quality  of the proposed method is proved and analyzed by obtaining the results of entropy, differential analysis, correlation analysis and avalanche effect. The superiority of the proposed method over the conventional AES and DES is confirmed by a 50% increase in the execution speed and shows that Standard diviation and Entropy analysis of proposed scheme gives immunity to guess the encryption key and also it is hard to deduce the private key from public key using  Diffrential analysis.
Volume: 20
Issue: 1
Page: 385-394
Publish at: 2020-10-01

A coplanar waveguide tapered slot antenna with beam switching capabilities

10.11591/ijeecs.v20.i1.pp275-280
Delphine Abijuru , M. R. Hamid , N. Seman , M. Himdi
A wideband tapered slot antenna (TSA) with three radiating elements for beam switching purpose is proposed in this study. The integrated radiating taper slots in assistance with metal strips acting as switches provided the proposed design with the capability of switching its beam into three different directions while maintaining the antenna performance stable. To validate the accuracy of the proposed design, the prototype was fabricated and measurements were conducted in terms of reflection coefficient (S11), radiation pattern and realized gain towards the three different operating modes. By sequentially, activating the switches, the antenna main beam rotated 90º in the XY coordinates. A realized gain ranging from 4.3 to 6.4 dBi and a wide operating bandwidth (|S11| ≤-10dB) from 3.3 GHz to 5 GHz  were observed throughout the antenna performance in simulation as well as in experiment. With the covered bands, the proposed antenna can be suitable for Sub -6GHz wireless communications systems. Improvements of Trapezoid Antenna Gain using Artificial Magnetic Conductor and Frequency Selective Surface.
Volume: 20
Issue: 1
Page: 275-280
Publish at: 2020-10-01

An efficient hybrid model for secure transmission of data by using efficient data collection and dissemination (EDCD) algorithm based WSN

10.11591/ijeecs.v20.i1.pp545-551
Mustafa Mahmood Akawee , Mohanad Ali Meteab Al-Obaidi , Haider Mohammed Turki Al-Hilfi , Sabbar Insaif Jassim , Tole Sutikno
Wireless sensor network (WSN) is one of the most important elements of the Internet of Things paradigm. Energy consumption is a vital issue in IoT and WSN.  Security primitives in the IoT are energy consuming. Addressed the security issue for transmitted data by IoT sensor node add another challenge in term of energy consumption. finding the satisfactory solutions that reduce power consumption at the same time as making sure the required security services is not always an easy undertaking. Therefore, in this article, we proposed an efficient hybrid model for secure transmission of data from sensor nodes to receivers in WSN applications.  The proposed model includes two algorithms rivest–shamir–adleman (RSA) and efficient data collection and dissemination (EDCD). The key idea behind the proposed model is to prevent to secure sensed data if no significant change between the current data and the last transmitted data by the apply EDCD1 algorithm, which that will help in saving the sensor node energy. The reason for that the size of cipher data is so large compared to the sensed data, which that will increase the energy consumption.  The outcome results shown that the proposed model has a high performance compared to RSA in term of energy consumption.
Volume: 20
Issue: 1
Page: 545-551
Publish at: 2020-10-01
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