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Analysis of LTE physical channels overhead

10.12928/telkomnika.v18i5.16701
Haider Mohammed Turki; Ministry of Education Al-Hilfi
LTE Network is the common mobile technology these days around the world and all service providers seek to how improve the network capacity and deliver the best performance in terms of delivered data rates and coverage area. LTE network consists of many protocols that work together to establish network connectivity, these protocols add variable headers that contains many control information that the network needs to operate. At the same time these headers decrease the effective capacity of the network, so there is a need to optimize the overhead size that used in various channels. The study will illustrate the different overheads that effect on the network capacity and investigate the effect of different values on achieving the best network capacity.
Volume: 18
Issue: 5
Page: 2800-2806
Publish at: 2020-10-01

An improved smooth-windowed Wigner-Ville distribution analysis for voltage variation signal

10.11591/ijece.v10i5.pp4982-4991
Mustafa Manap , Abdul Rahim Abdullah , Srete Nikolovski , Tole Sutikno , Mohd Hatta Jopri
This paper outlines research conducted using bilinear time-frequency distribution (TFD), a smooth-windowed wigner-ville distribution (SWWVD) used to represent time-varying signals in time-frequency representation (TFR). Good time and frequency resolutions offer superiority in SWWVD to analyze voltage variation signals that consist of variations in magnitude. The separable kernel parameters are estimated from the signal in order to get an accurate TFR. The TFR for various kernel parameters is compared by a set of performance measures. The evaluation shows that different kernel settings are required for different signal parameters. Verification of the TFD that operated at optimal kernel parameters is then conducted. SWWVD exhibits a good performance of TFR which gives high peak-to-side lobe ratio (PSLR) and signal-to-cross-terms ratio (SCR) accompanied by low main-lobe width (MLW) and absolute percentage error (APE). This proved that the technique is appropriate for voltage variation signal analysis and it essential for development in an advanced embedded system.
Volume: 10
Issue: 5
Page: 4982-4991
Publish at: 2020-10-01

Assessment of off-shore wind turbines for application in Saudi Arabia

10.11591/ijece.v10i5.pp4507-4513
Arunachalam Sundaram , Abdullahi Abubakar Mas’ud , Hassan Z. Al Garni , Surajudeen Adewusi
This paper presents models and economic analysis of ten different wind turbines for the region of Yanbu, Saudi Arabia using the hybrid optimization models for energy resources (HOMER) software. This study serves as a guide for decision makers to choose the most suitable wind turbine for Yanbu to meet the target of 58.7GW of renewable energy as part of Saudi Vision 2030. The analysis was carried out based on the turbines initial capital cost, operating cost, net present cost (NPC) and the levelized cost of energy (LCOE). Additionally, the wind turbines were compared based on their electricity production, excess energy and the size of the storage devices required. The results show that Enercon E-126 EP4 wind turbine has the least LCOE (0.0885 $/kWh) and NPC ($23.8), while WES 30 has the highest LCOE (0.142 $/kWh) and NPC ($38.3) for a typical load profile of a village in Yanbu.
Volume: 10
Issue: 5
Page: 4507-4513
Publish at: 2020-10-01

Performance evaluation of UE-controlled intelligent handover algorithm for natural disaster

10.11591/ijeecs.v20.i1.pp24-30
Azita Laily Yusof , Ainnur Eiza Azhar , Norsuzila Ya’acob
This paper proposes a UE-controlled intelligent handover algorithm for natural disaster. In this handover algorithm, two variables known as modified received signal strength (RSSm) and left over power (LoP) are identified. The RSSm is an improved formulation from RSS where distance fraction coefficient has been introduced. The fraction coefficient of 0.2 is used where the affected areas is reduced so that the users can receive good signal quality due to its location near to the base station. Meanwhile, the LoP also has been investigated to control power consumption of base station. In this research, 80% RSSm and 20% LoP has been chosen for the proposed handover algorithm as it can maintain good quality of service (QoS) for all users and also can prolong battery life.  From the simulation results obtained, the average number of handovers for the proposed handover algorithm outperformed the conventional natural disaster handover algorithm.
Volume: 20
Issue: 1
Page: 24-30
Publish at: 2020-10-01

A power efficient delta-sigma ADC with series-bilinear switch capacitor voltage-controlled oscillator

10.12928/telkomnika.v18i5.14034
D. S.; Karunya Institute of Technology & Sciences Shylu , P. Sam; Karunya Institute of Technology & Sciences Paul , D. Jackuline; Karunya Institute of Technology & Sciences Moni , J. Arolin Monica; Karunya Institute of Technology & Sciences Helan
In low-power VLSI design applications non-linearity and harmonics are a major dominant factor which affects the performance of the ADC. To avoid this, the new architecture of voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO) was required to solve the non-linearity issues and harmonic distortion. In this work, a 12-bit, 200MS/s low power delta-sigma analog to digital converter (ADC) VCO based quantizer was designed using switched capacitor technique. The proposed technique uses frequency to current conversion technique as a linearization method to reduce the non-linearity issue. Simulation result show that the proposed 12-bit delta-sigma ADC consumes the power of 2.68 mW and a total area of 0.09 mm² in 90 nm CMOS process.
Volume: 18
Issue: 5
Page: 2618-2627
Publish at: 2020-10-01

Neutral expression synthesis using kernel active shape model

10.11591/ijeecs.v20.i1.pp150-157
Marcella Peter , Jacey-Lynn Minoi , Suriani Ab Rahman
This paper presents a modified kernel-based Active Shape Model for neutralizing and synthesizing facial expressions. In recent decades, facial identity and emotional studies have gained interest from researchers, especially in the works of integrating human emotions and machine learning to improve the current lifestyle. It is known that facial expressions are often associated with face recognition systems with poor recognition rate. In this research, a method of a modified kernel-based active shape model based on statistical-based approach is introduced to synthesize neutral (neutralize) expressions from expressional faces, with the aim to improve the face recognition rate. An experimental study was conducted using 3D geometric facial datasets to evaluate the proposed modified method. The experimental results have shown a significant improvement on the recognition rates.
Volume: 20
Issue: 1
Page: 150-157
Publish at: 2020-10-01

Balancing a Segway robot using LQR controller based on genetic and bacteria foraging optimization algorithms

10.12928/telkomnika.v18i5.14717
Ibrahim K.; Ninevah University Mohammed , Abdulla I.; Ninevah University Abdulla
A two-wheeled single seat Segway robot is a special kind of wheeled mobile robot, using it as a human transporter system needs applying a robust control system to overcome its inherent unstable problem. The mathematical model of the system dynamics is derived and then state space formulation for the system is presented to enable design state feedback controller scheme. In this research, an optimal control system based on linear quadratic regulator (LQR) technique is proposed to stabilize the mobile robot. The LQR controller is designed to control the position and yaw rotation of the two-wheeled vehicle. The proposed balancing robot system is validated by simulating the LQR using Matlab software. Two tuning methods, genetic algorithm (GA) and bacteria foraging optimization algorithm (BFOA) are used to obtain optimal values for controller parameters. A comparison between the performance of both controllers GA-LQR and BFO-LQR is achieved based on the standard control criteria which includes rise time, maximum overshoot, settling time and control input of the system. Simulation results suggest that the BFOA-LQR controller can be adopted to balance the Segway robot with minimal overshoot and oscillation frequency.
Volume: 18
Issue: 5
Page: 2642-2653
Publish at: 2020-10-01

An intrusion detection system for packet and flow based networks using deep neural network approach

10.11591/ijece.v10i5.pp5514-5525
Kaniz Farhana , Maqsudur Rahman , Md. Tofael Ahmed
Study on deep neural networks and big data is merging now by several aspects to enhance the capabilities of intrusion detection system (IDS). Many IDS models has been introduced to provide security over big data. This study focuses on the intrusion detection in computer networks using big datasets. The advent of big data has agitated the comprehensive assistance in cyber security by forwarding a brunch of affluent algorithms to classify and analysis patterns and making a better prediction more efficiently. In this study, to detect intrusion a detection model has been propounded applying deep neural networks. We applied the suggested model on the latest data set available at online, formatted with packet based, flow based data and some additional metadata. The data set is labeled and imbalanced with 79 attributes and some classes having much less training samples compared to other classes. The proposed model is build using Keras and Google Tensorflow deep learning environment. Experimental result shows that intrusions are detected with the accuracy over 99% for both binary and multi-class classification with selected best features. Receiver operating characteristics (ROC) and precision-recall curve average score is also 1. The outcome implies that Deep Neural Networks offers a novel research model with great accuracy for intrusion detection model, better than some models presented in the literature.
Volume: 10
Issue: 5
Page: 5514-5525
Publish at: 2020-10-01

Radiation effect of fractal sierpinski square patch antenna

10.11591/ijece.v10i5.pp5329-5334
Khalid Hussein Kuther , Israa Hazem Ali , Riyadh Khlf Ahmed
Biological tissue interaction with Electromagnetic fields became one of the interesting studies in the last years. Wide variety wireless electronic devices are emerged in day to day life each providing a wireless connection for a certain service such as Global Positioning System, broadcasting systems, mobile communication systems, and networking. In this research article, Fractal Sierpinski Square Patch Antenna is proposed and simulated to operate over L1 frequency range of 1.575 GHz for GPS applications using CST studio Suite where the proposed antenna has been investigated on Carpet shaped substrate made of Arlon 250 AD lossy. The dielectric constant equals to 2.5 and thickness of 1.6 mm. Thickness of patch is 0.6 mm. Also, the electromagnetic fields absorption on the human fingers is investigated where SAR levels are calculated for 0th, 1st, 2nd and 3rd iteration of the Fractal Sierpinski Square Patch Antenna. The results reported that the SAR limit of human finger tissue is enhanced with increasing the number of iteration.
Volume: 10
Issue: 5
Page: 5329-5334
Publish at: 2020-10-01

Developed approach for phase-based Eulerian video magnification

10.12928/telkomnika.v18i5.14321
Haider Ismael; University of Kerbala Shahadi , Zaid Jabbar; Al-Furat Al-Awsat Technical University Al-allaq , Hayder Jawad; Al-Furat Al-Awsat Technical University Albattat
This paper proposes a modification approach for phased-based EVM in order to reduce the processing time without effect the quality of the magnified video. The proposed approach applies a resizing process on the input video using Lanczos-3 algorithm. Then, it decomposes video frames using steerable pyramid to obtain multi-scale frame with its orientation. Subsequently, the resulted frames are filtered by temporal filters for specific bands and the filtered frames are multiplied by a magnification factor. Now, both the magnified regions and the unmagnified regions for each frame are added together. Finally, reconstructing the produced magnified multi-scale frames using the inverse steerable pyramid. The experimental results show that superiority of the proposed approach compares to the conventional phase-based EVM in processing time, where the processing time reduction about 60-65%. Furthermore, this approach does not affect on the video quality, which maintain it in the boundary of the conventional Phase-based EVM.
Volume: 18
Issue: 5
Page: 2391-2400
Publish at: 2020-10-01

Developing a real time navigation for the mobile robots at unknown environments

10.11591/ijeecs.v20.i1.pp500-509
Sarah Haider Abdulredah , Dheyaa Jasim Kadhim
This research deals with the feasibility of a mobile robot to navigate and discover its location at unknown environments, and then constructing maps of these navigated environments for future usage. In this work, we proposed a modified Extended Kalman Filter- Simultaneous Localization and Mapping (EKF-SLAM) technique which was implemented for different unknown environments containing a different number of landmarks. Then, the detectable landmarks will play an important role in controlling the overall navigation process and EKF-SLAM technique’s performance. MATLAB simulation results of the EKF-SLAM technique come with better performance as compared with an odometry approach performance in terms of measuring the mean square error, especially when increasing the number of landmarks. After that, we simulate and evaluate a mobile robot platform named TurtleBot2e in Gazebo simulator software to achieve the using of the SLAM technique for a different environment using the Rviz library which was built on Robot Operating System in Linux. The main conclusion comes with this work is the simulation and implementation of the SLAM technique using two software platforms separately (MATLAB and ROS) in different unknown environments containing a different number of landmarks so a few number of landmark will make the mobile robot loses its path.
Volume: 20
Issue: 1
Page: 500-509
Publish at: 2020-10-01

Design and implementation of robot control system for multistory buildings

10.12928/telkomnika.v18i5.15338
Naqaa Luqman; Northern Technical University Mohammed , Mothanna Sh.; Northern Technical University Aziz , Omar Ibrahim; Northern Technical University AlSaif
The advancement of technology, make robots have more attention from researchers to make life of mankind comfortable. This paper deals with the design of an itemized control system prepared for window cleaning/maintenance of towers and multistory buildings which can be aided to simulating human activities. These activities (washing, coating, wiping, climbing, and maintenance events) normally achieved by specialized personal. The designed control system was prepared to guide the units of the required job to move freely along the outside surface of a window with a fairly enough area and mediate time for achieving the desired goal. The system design is implemented using Arduino kit, due to facilities in program and control of cleaning windows through infer the stepper motor movement and rotation. The controller has been achieved as real time system (30 msec.), it is done throw control of three stepper motor by taken in consideration the speed of the motors (π/3000 rad/sec) and the time can be adjustable within the cleaning area that the device covering it.
Volume: 18
Issue: 5
Page: 2682-2689
Publish at: 2020-10-01

Optimized output-based input shaping for control of single-link flexible manipulator using linear matrix inequality

10.11591/ijeecs.v20.i1.pp109-116
Nura Musa Tahir , Mustapha Muhammad , Bashir Bala Muhammad , Haliru Liman , Aminu Yahaya Zimit , Auwal Shehu Tijjani
Precise hub angle positioning due to tip deflections, flexible motions and under various payloads is enormous tasks in the control of single-link flexible manipulators. In this paper, output-based command shaping (OBCS) was designed using the system output for tip deflections and residuals vibrations suppression, and this was incorporated with a linear matrix inequality (LMI) closed-loop control scheme for precise hub angle positioning.  The robustness of the hybrid control scheme was tested by changing the payloads from 0g to 30g, and 50g. Simulation results showed that endpoint residuals vibrations and tip deflections due to flexible motions were suppressed and hence precise hub angle positioning under various payloads was achieved. Integral absolute error (IAE), integral square error (ISE) and time response analysis (TRA) were used as the performance indexes. Hence, the hybrid control scheme is simple and robust.
Volume: 20
Issue: 1
Page: 109-116
Publish at: 2020-10-01

Viterbi optimization for crime detection and identification

10.12928/telkomnika.v18i5.13398
Reem Razzaq Abdul; University of Information Technology and Communications Hussain , Salih Mahdi; University of Technology Al-Qaraawi , Muayad Sadik; University of Technology Croock
In this paper, we introduce two types of hybridization. The first contribution is the hybridization between the Viterbi algorithm and Baum Welch in order to predict crime locations. While the second contribution considers the optimization based on decision tree (DT) in combination with the Viterbi algorithm for criminal identification using Iraq and India crime dataset. This work is based on our previous work [1]. The main goal is to enhance the results of the model in both consuming times and to get a more accurate model. The obtained results proved the achievement of both goals in an efficient way.
Volume: 18
Issue: 5
Page: 2378-2384
Publish at: 2020-10-01

Sound event detection using deep neural networks

10.12928/telkomnika.v18i5.14246
Suk-Hwan; Keimyung University Jung , Yong-Joo; Keimyung University Chung
We applied various architectures of deep neural networks for sound event detection and compared their performance using two different datasets. Feed forward neural network (FNN), convolutional neural network (CNN), recurrent neural network (RNN) and convolutional recurrent neural network (CRNN) were implemented using hyper-parameters optimized for each architecture and dataset. The results show that the performance of deep neural networks varied significantly depending on the learning rate, which can be optimized by conducting a series of experiments on the validation data over predetermined ranges. Among the implemented architectures, the CRNN performed best under all testing conditions, followed by CNN. Although RNN was effective in tracking the time-correlation information in audio signals,it exhibited inferior performance compared to the CNN and the CRNN. Accordingly, it is necessary to develop more optimization strategies for implementing RNN in sound event detection.
Volume: 18
Issue: 5
Page: 2587-2596
Publish at: 2020-10-01
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