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29,922 Article Results

Cooperative-hierarchical based edge-computing approach for resources allocation of distributed mobile and IoT applications

10.11591/ijece.v10i1.pp296-307
Maha Aljarah , Mohammad Shurman , Sharhabeel Alnabelsi
Using mobile and Internet of Things (IoT) applications is becoming very popular and obtained researchers’ interest and commercial investment, in order to fulfill future vision and the requirements for smart cities. These applications have common demands such as fast response, distributed nature, and awareness of service location. However, these requirements’ nature cannot be satisfied by central systems services that reside in the clouds. Therefore, edge computing paradigm has emerged to satisfy such demands, by providing an extension for cloud resources at the network edge, and consequently, they become closer to end-user devices. In this paper, exploiting edge resources is studied; therefore, a cooperative-hierarchical approach for executing the pre-partitioned applications’ modules between edges resources is proposed, in order to reduce traffic between the network core and the cloud, where this proposed approach has a polynomial-time complexity. Furthermore, edge computing increases the efficiency of providing services, and improves end-user experience. To validate our proposed cooperative-hierarchical approach for modules placement between edge nodes’ resources, iFogSim toolkit is used. The obtained simulation results show that the proposed approach reduces network’s load and the total delay compared to a baseline approach for modules’ placement, moreover, it increases the network’s overall throughput.
Volume: 10
Issue: 1
Page: 296-307
Publish at: 2020-02-01

Parallel Control Structure Scheme for Load Frequency Controller Design using Direct Synthesis Approach

10.11591/ijece.v10i1.pp47-60
Anand Kumar , Md Nishat Anwar
This paper presents load frequency controller design for a single area as well as the multi-area thermal power system using direct synthesis approach with parallel control structure (PCS) scheme. The set-point and load frequency controller has been designed for frequency regulation and maintains tie-line power within a pre-specified limit for LFC power system.  The proposed controller has been implemented for single-area, two-area, and four-area thermal power system for frequency regulation. The proposed method shows impressive simulation results compared with existed control method. The robustness of the proposed method has been examined with the help maximum sensitivity and parametric variation in the nominal power system.
Volume: 10
Issue: 1
Page: 47-60
Publish at: 2020-02-01

Current predictive controller for high frequency resonant inverter in induction heating

10.11591/ijece.v10i1.pp255-264
Azzedine Khati , Abdelkader Kansab , Rachid Taleb , Houari Khouidmi
In the context of this article, we are particularly interested in the modeling and control of an induction heating system powered by high frequency resonance inverter. The proposed control scheme comprises a current loop and a PLL circuit. This latter is an electronic assembly for slaving the instantaneous phase of output on the instantaneous input phase, and is used to follow the rapid variations of the frequency.To further improve the transient dynamics of the studied system and in order to reduce the impact of measurement noise on the control signal, a generalized predictive control has been proposed to control the current of the inductor. We discussed the main steps of this command, whose it uses a minimization algorithm to obtain an optimal control signals, its advantages are: its design is simple, less complexity and direct manipulation of the control signal.The results have shown the effectiveness of the proposed method, especially in the parameters variation and/or the change of the reference current.
Volume: 10
Issue: 1
Page: 255-264
Publish at: 2020-02-01

Impact of LCC–HVDC multiterminal on generator rotor angle stability

10.11591/ijece.v10i1.pp22-34
Oluwafemi Emmanuel Oni , Andrew G. Swanson , Rudiren Pillay Carpanen
Multiterminal High Voltage Direct Current (HVDC) transmission utilizing Line Commutated Converter (LCC-HVDC) technology is on the increase in interconnecting a remote generating station to any urban centre via long distance DC lines. This Multiterminal-HVDC (MTDC) system offers a reduced right of way benefits, reduction in transmission losses, as well as robust power controllability with enhanced stability margin. However, utilizing the MTDC system in an AC network bring about a new area of associated fault analysis as well as the effect on the entire AC system during a transient fault condition. This paper analyses the fault current contribution of an MTDC system during transient fault to the rotor angle of a synchronous generator. The results show a high rotor angle swing during a transient fault and the effectiveness of fast power system stabilizer connected to the generator automatic voltage regulator in damping the system oscillations. The MTDC link improved the system performance by providing an alternative path of power transfer and quick system recovery during transient fault thus increasing the rate at which the system oscillations were damped out. This shows great improvement compared to when power was being transmitted via AC lines.
Volume: 10
Issue: 1
Page: 22-34
Publish at: 2020-02-01

A Genetic algorithm for the optimal design of a multistage amplifier

10.11591/ijece.v10i1.pp129-138
Asmae El Beqal , Bachir Benhala , Izeddine Zorkani
The optimal sizing of analog circuits is one of the most complicated processes, because of the number of variables taken into, to the number of required objectives to be optimized and to the constraint functions restrictions. The aim is to automate this activity in order to accelerate the circuits design and sizing. In this paper, we deal with the optimization of the three stage bipolar transistor amplifier performances namely the voltage gain (AV), the input impedance (ZIN), the output impedance (ZOUT), the power consumption (P) and the low and the high cutoff frequency (FL,FH), through the Genetic Algorithm (GA). The presented optimization problem is of multi-dimensional parameters, and the trade-off of all parameters. In fact, the passive components (Resistors and Capacitors) are selected from manufactured constant values (E12, E24, E48, E96, E192) for the purpose of reduce the cost of design; also, the intrinsic parameters of transistors (hybrid parameters and the junction capacitances) are considered variables in order not to be limited in design. SPICE simulation is used to validate the obtained result/performances.
Volume: 10
Issue: 1
Page: 129-138
Publish at: 2020-02-01

Analytical study of flexible stimulation waveforms in muscle fatigue reduction

10.11591/ijece.v10i1.pp690-703
E. Noorsal , S. Z. Yahaya , Z. Hussain , R. Boudville , M. N. Ibrahim , Y. Mohd Ali
This paper presents the analytical study of flexible stimulation waveforms in muscle fatigue reduction for functional electrical stimulator (FES)-assisted hemiplegic muscle activities. The major challenge of muscle contraction induced by FES is early muscle fatigue which greatly limits activities such as FES-assisted standing and walking. The fixed stimulation pattern applied on a same motor unit has resulted the motor unit to be overworked and fatigue easily. Therefore, in this work, the stimulus parameters, which include the pulse width duration and the frequency were varied to create a few flexible stimulation waveforms using MATLAB/Simulink. The pulse width duration was modulated from 100µs – 500µs to generate five types of flexible stimulation waveforms such as Rectangular, Trapezoidal, Ramp Up, Ramp Down and Triangular. Concurrently, a few ranges of stimulus frequency were also used, which include 20Hz, 30Hz and 50Hz. The generated flexible stimulation waveforms were applied onto a humanoid muscle model to investigate and analyse the muscle output response and early muscle fatigue reduction. From the conducted simulation results and analyses, it was observed that flexible stimulation waveforms such as Triangular, Ramp Up and Ramp Down could reduce early muscle fatigue phenomenon by having lower average of negative slope, in the range of 0.012 to 0.013 for the muscle fitness. In contrast, the Rectangular and Trapezoidal shapes were found to have higher negative slope of muscle fitness in the range of 0.028 to 0.031. The Ramp Down shape was found to have the lowest average of negative slope (0.012) while Rectangular was found to have the highest average of negative slope (0.031). Therefore, it can be concluded that flexible stimulation waveforms such Ramp Down, Ramp Up and Triangular shapes could reduce early muscle fatigue phenomenon with Ramp Down shape having the highest muscle fatigue reduction.
Volume: 10
Issue: 1
Page: 690-703
Publish at: 2020-02-01

ResSeg: Residual encoder-decoder convolutional neural network for food segmentation

10.11591/ijece.v10i1.pp1017-1026
Javier O. Pinzón-Arenas , Robinson Jiménez-Moreno , César G. Pachón-Suescún
This paper presents the implementation and evaluation of different convolutional neural network architectures focused on food segmentation. To perform this task, it is proposed the recognition of 6 categories, among which are the main food groups (protein, grains, fruit, vegetables) and two additional groups, rice and drink or juice. In addition, to make the recognition more complex, it is decided to test the networks with food dishes already started, i.e. during different moments, from its serving to its finishing, in order to verify the capability to see when there is no more food on the plate. Finally, a comparison is made between the two best resulting networks, a SegNet with architecture VGG-16 and a network proposed in this work, called Residual Segmentation Convolutional Neural Network or ResSeg, with which accuracies greater than 90% and interception-over-union greater than 75% were obtained. This demonstrates the ability, not only of SegNet architectures for food segmentation, but the use of residual layers to improve the contour of the segmentation and segmentation of complex distribution or initiated of food dishes, opening the field of application of this type of networks to be implemented in feeding assistants or in automated restaurants, including also for dietary control for the amount of food consumed.
Volume: 10
Issue: 1
Page: 1017-1026
Publish at: 2020-02-01

Simulation, bifurcation, and stability analysis of a SEPIC converter controlled with ZAD

10.11591/ijece.v10i1.pp728-737
Aquiles J. Morelo , Simeón Casanova Trujillo , Fredy E. Hoyos
This article presents some results of SEPIC converter dynamics when controlled by a center pulse width modulator controller (CPWM). The duty cycle is calculated using the ZAD (Zero Average Dynamics) technique. Results obtained using this technique show a great variety of non-linear phenomena such as bifurcations and chaos, as parameters associated with the switching surface. These phenomena have been studied in the present paper in numerical form. Simulations were done in MATLAB.
Volume: 10
Issue: 1
Page: 728-737
Publish at: 2020-02-01

Hybrid protocol for wireless EH network over weibull fading channel: performance analysis

10.11591/ijece.v10i1.pp1085-1091
Phu Tran Tin , Tan N. Nguyen , Tran Thanh Trang
In this paper, the hybrid TSR-PSR protocol for wireless energy harvesting (EH) relaying network over the Weibull fading channel is investigated. The system network is working in half-duplex (HD) mode. For evaluating the system performance, the closed-form and integral-form expressions of the outage probability (OP) are investigated and derived. After that, numerical results convinced that our derived analytical results are the same with the simulation results by using Monte Carlo simulation. This paper provides a novel recommendation for the wireless EH relaying network.
Volume: 10
Issue: 1
Page: 1085-1091
Publish at: 2020-02-01

Multiple intrusion detection in RPL based networks

10.11591/ijece.v10i1.pp467-476
Manjula C. Belavagi , Balachandra Muniyal
Routing Protocol for Low Power and Lossy Networks based networks consists of large number of tiny sensor nodes with limited resources. These nodes are directly connected to the Internet through the border router. Hence these nodes are susceptible to different types of attacks. The possible attacks are rank attack, selective forwarding, worm hole and Denial of service attack. These attacks can be effectively identified by intrusion detection system model. The paper focuses on identification of multiple intrusions by considering the network size as 10, 40 and 100 nodes and adding 10%, 20% and 30% of malicious nodes to the considered network. Experiments are simulated using Cooja simulator on Contiki operating system. Behavior of the network is observed based on the percentage of inconsistency achieved, energy consumption, accuracy and false positive rate. Experimental results show that multiple intrusions can be detected effectively by machine learning techniques.
Volume: 10
Issue: 1
Page: 467-476
Publish at: 2020-02-01

Microarray spot partitioning by autonoumsly organising maps thorugh contour model

10.11591/ijece.v10i1.pp746-756
Karthik S. A. , Manjunath S. S.
In cDNA microarray image analysis, classification of pixels as forefront area and the area covered by background is very challenging. In microarray experimentation, identifying forefront area of desired spots is nothing but computation of forefront pixels concentration, area covered by spot and shape of the spots. In this piece of writing, an innovative way for spot partitioning of microarray images using autonomously organizing maps (AOM) method through C-V model has been proposed. Concept of neural networks has been incorpated to train and to test microarray spots.In a trained AOM the comprehensive information arising from the prototypes of created neurons are clearly integrated to decide whether to get smaller or get bigger of contour. During the process of optimization, this is done in an iterative manner. Next using C-V model, inside curve area of trained spot is compared with test spot finally curve fitting is done.The presented model can handle spots with variations in terms of shape and quality of the spots and meanwhile it is robust to the noise. From the review of experimental work, presented approach is accurate over the approaches like C-means by fuzzy, Morphology sectionalization.
Volume: 10
Issue: 1
Page: 746-756
Publish at: 2020-02-01

A survey of big data and machine learning

10.11591/ijece.v10i1.pp575-580
Surender Reddy Salkuti
This paper presents a detailed analysis of big data and machine learning (ML) in the electrical power and energy sector. Big data analytics for smart energy operations, applications, impact, measurement and control, and challenges are presented in this paper. Big data and machine learning approaches need to be applied after analyzing the power system problem carefully. Determining the match between the strengths of big data and machine learning for solving the power system problem is of utmost important. They can be of great help to plan and operate the traditional grid/smart grid (SG). The basics of big data and machine learning are described in detailed manner along with their applications in various fields such as electrical power and energy, health care and life sciences, government, telecommunications, web and digital media, retailers, finance, e-commerce and customer service, etc. Finally, the challenges and opportunities of big data and machine learning are presented in this paper.
Volume: 10
Issue: 1
Page: 575-580
Publish at: 2020-02-01

Optimal parameters of inverter-based microgrid to improve transient response

10.11591/ijece.v10i1.pp637-650
Sergio Andrés Pizarro Pérez , John E. Candelo-Becerra , Fredy E. Hoyos Velasco
The inertia issues in a microgrid can be improved by modifying the inverter control strategies to represent a virtual inertia simulation. This method employs the droop control strategy commonly used to share the power of a load among different power sources in the microgrid. This paper utilizes a modified droop control that represents this virtual inertia and applies an optimization algorithm to determine the optimal parameters and improve transient response. The results show better control when different variations are presented in the loads, leading the microgrid to have a better control of the operation. The optimization method applied in this research allows improvement to the transient response, thus avoiding unnecessary blackouts in the microgrid.
Volume: 10
Issue: 1
Page: 637-650
Publish at: 2020-02-01

Implicit force control approach for Safe physical Robot-to-Human object handover

10.11591/ijeecs.v17.i2.pp615-628
Paramin Neranon
This research focuses on the development of the conceptual frameworks of human-human interaction applied for a robotic behaviour-based approach for safe physical human-robot interaction. The control has been constructed based on understanding the dynamic and kinematic behavioural characteristics of how two humans pass an object to each other. This has enabled a KR-16-KUKA robot to naturally interact with a human so as to facilitate the dexterous transfer of an object in an effective manner. Implicit force control based on Proportional Integral and Fuzzy Logic Control which allows the robot end effector’s trajectory to be moderated based on the applied force in real-time was adopted. The experimental results have confirmed that the quantitative performance of the force-controlled robot is close to that of the human and can be considered acceptable for human-robot interaction. Furthermore, the control based Fuzzy Logic Control was shown to be slightly superior performance compared to Proportional Integral control.
Volume: 17
Issue: 2
Page: 615-628
Publish at: 2020-02-01

Hide text depending on the three channels of pixels in color images using the modified LSB algorithm

10.11591/ijece.v10i1.pp809-815
Rusul Mohammed Neamah , Jinan Ali Abed , Elaf Ali Abbood
At the moment, with the great development of information and communications technology, the transfer of confidential and sensitive data through public communications such as the Internet is very difficult to keep them from hackers and attackers. Therefore, it is necessary to work on the development of new and innovative ways to transfer such information and protect it to ensure that it reaches the desired goal. The goal of a new technique to hide information design not only hides the secret message behind the center cover, but it also provides increased security. The most common way to transfer important and confidential data is through embedding it into cover medium files in a way that does not affect the accuracy of the carrier file, which is known as hiding. In this paper, encryption and concealment techniques were used to protect data transferred from attackers. The proposed method relied on encryption of confidential information using the encryption key and the Xnor gate, after which the encrypted information was hidden in a color image using the LSB algorithm. The method of concealment depends on the extraction of chromatic channels of three RGB for each pixel and specifying the channel in which the bit of the encryption message will be hidden. Some metrics have been adopted to measure the quality of the resulting picture after hiding as PSNR and MSE, and achieve good results.
Volume: 10
Issue: 1
Page: 809-815
Publish at: 2020-02-01
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