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31,456 Article Results

Green coffee beans feature extractor using image processing

10.12928/telkomnika.v18i4.13968
Edwin R.; Cavite State University Arboleda , Arnel C.; Manuel L. Quezon University Fajardo , Ruji P.; Technological Institute of the Philippines Medina
This study offers a novel solution to deal with the low signal-to-noise ratio and slow execution rate of the first derivative edge detection algorithms namely, Roberts, Prewitt and Sobel algorithms. Since the two problems are brought about by the complex mathematical operations being used by the algorithms, these were replaced by a discriminant. The developed discriminant, equivalent to the product of total difference and intensity divided by the normalization values, is based on the “pixel pair formation” that produces optimal peak signal to noise ratio. Results of the study applying the discriminant for the edge detection of green coffee beans shows improvement in terms of peak signal to noise ratio (PSNR), mean square error (MSE), and execution time. It was determined that accuracy level varied according to the total difference of pixel values, intensity, and normalization values. Using the developed edge detection technique led to improvements in the PSNR of 2.091%, 1.16 %, and 2.47% over Sobel, Prewitt, and Roberts respectively. Meanwhile, improvement in the MSE was measured to be 13.06%, 7.48 %, and 15.31% over the three algorithms. Likewise, improvement in execution time was also achieved at values of 69.02%, 67.40 %, and 65.46% over Sobel, Prewitt, and Roberts respectively.
Volume: 18
Issue: 4
Page: 2027-2034
Publish at: 2020-08-01

Teaching challenges on the use of storytelling in elementary science lessons

10.11591/ijere.v9i3.20596
Hajah Nuruljannah Haji Matamit , Roslinawati Roslan , Masitah Shahrill , Hardimah Mohd Said
This study investigated the use of storytelling in teaching elementary science on the topic of ‘Sense Organs’ at the Grade 1 level. A total of 21 students from one of the elementary schools in Brunei Darussalam participated in the study. The qualitative analyses of the observations and video recordings resulted in the classifications of the challenges faced when storytelling was used in the lessons. The four identified categories were the language aspect, development aspect, external challenges and existing knowledge. These categories were then used to investigate further any aspect that would develop the challenges into the teaching and learning of science using storytelling. Despite identifying the challenges in using storytelling in teaching science, storytelling may enhance the students’ understanding of science concepts.
Volume: 9
Issue: 3
Page: 716-722
Publish at: 2020-08-01

Solar assisted cooling rule in indoor air quality

10.11591/ijece.v10i4.pp3948-3956
Ali M. Baniyounes , Yazeed Y. Ghadi
Indoor air quality as always is the centre of attention for researchers, architect developers and public health officials. As every-one know. The human exposure to a variety of indoor pollutants and the high cost of energy are the motivation for these kinds of studies. Fungus and mould growth has always been a problem in subtropical climate areas due to the high temperature and high humidity. Generally in institutional buildings, most of the internal heat load is generated by human body and thermal comfort is achieved with   extensive usage of recycled air and air conditioning. The main considerations in any air conditioning system economisers are based on the usage of recycled air and air ventilation. The current practice in an institutional building cooling system under subtropical climate is to curb the mould issue by overcooling large recirculation airflow to remove the moisture content from the air, which is considered as an expensive practice. The use of a solar desiccant cooling system to reduce moisture from the air and to improve indoor air quality is found to be economical, environmental friendly and readily achievable in the tropics. This technology is the future alternative to the conventional vapour compression cooling system to maintain human thermal comfort conditions and enhance indoor air quality. Solar desiccant cooling systems are also environmentally friendly and energy efficient. This paper presents review on a solar desiccant cooling system and its effect on indoor air quality. It first introduces the issue of air moisture, mould growth and indoor air quality and then the development and application of thermally activated desiccant cooling technologies.
Volume: 10
Issue: 4
Page: 3948-3956
Publish at: 2020-08-01

Lumbar disk 3D modeling from limited number of MRI axial slices

10.11591/ijece.v10i4.pp4101-4108
Asma’a Al-Mnayyis , Sanaa Abu Alasal , Mohammad Alsmirat , Qanita Bani Baker , Shadi AlZu’bi
This paper studies the problem of clinical MRI analysis in the field of lumbar intervertebral disk herniation diagnosis. It discusses the possibility of assisting radiologists in reading the patients MRI images by constructing a 3D model for the region of interest using simple computer vision methods. We use axial MRI slices of the lumbar area. The proposed framework works with a very small number of MRI slices and goes through three main stages. Namely, the region of interest extraction and enhancement, inter-slice interpolation, and 3D model construction. We use the Marching Cubes algorithm to construct the 3D model of the the region of interest. The validation of our 3D models is based on a radiologist’s analysis of the models. We tested the proposed 3D model construction on 83 cases and We have a 95% accuracy according to the radiologist evaluation. This study shows that 3D model construction can greatly ease the task of the radiologist which enhances the working experience. This leads eventually to more accurate and easy diagnosis process.
Volume: 10
Issue: 4
Page: 4101-4108
Publish at: 2020-08-01

Real power loss diminution by predestination of particles wavering search algorithm

10.11591/ijict.v9i2.pp92-99
Kanagasabai Lenin
In this work Predestination of Particles Wavering Search (PPS) algorithm has been applied to solve optimal reactive power problem. PPS algorithm has been modeled based on the motion of the particles in the exploration space. Normally the movement of the particle is based on gradient and swarming motion.  Particles are permitted to progress in steady velocity in gradient-based progress, but when the outcome is poor when compared to previous upshot, immediately particle rapidity will be upturned with semi of the magnitude and it will help to reach local optimal solution and it is expressed as wavering movement. In standard IEEE 14, 30, 57,118,300 bus systems Proposed Predestination of Particles Wavering Search (PPS) algorithm is evaluated and simulation results show the PPS reduced the power loss efficiently.
Volume: 9
Issue: 2
Page: 92-99
Publish at: 2020-08-01

Portable and wireless imaging of dorsal hand vein

10.11591/ijeecs.v19.i2.pp693-700
See Hui Ern , Audrey Huong , W. Mahani Hafizah W. Mahmud , Xavier Ngu
Technologies for visualization of dorsal hand vein are of the great interest in the studies of drugs-body response, identity authentication and human metabolism. This study integrates near infrared (NIR) technology into an optical system for non-contact, mobile and quick on the spot visualization of dorsal vascular system. The performance of the developed system was tested on twenty subjects of different skin tone and body frame dimensions. The results showed that the proposed system is able to produce output image of Signal-Noise Ratio (SNR) and Peak SNR of greater than 30 dB and 20 dB, respectively. While this work found a correlation between skin tone and image quality metrics, high consistency was observed in the quality metrics calculated for image data of individuals having different body frame size. This work concluded that the proposed system can be suitably used as a portable and robust tool for enhanced visualization of dorsal hand vein.
Volume: 19
Issue: 2
Page: 693-700
Publish at: 2020-08-01

Significance of electrodermal activity response in children with autism spectrum disorder

10.11591/ijeecs.v19.i2.pp1113-1120
Awais Gul Airij , Rubita Sudirman , Usman Ullah Sheikh , Lee Yoot Khuan , Nor Aini Zakaria
The human Autonomic Nervous System (ANS) controls the body’s physiological responses such as heart rate, electrodermal activity, temperature, and pupil diameter. The physiological responses are increased in the presence of a stressing stimuli and this is a typical ANS response. However, in case of children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), they suffer from autonomic dysregulation as reported in past owing to their atypical ANS response. This study investigated the ANS response of children with ASD and compares it with the response of normal children. EDA response datasets of 35 children with ASD and 55 normal children were acquired with the help of E4 wristband at a sampling rate of 4Hz. The signals were preprocessed to remove artefacts and noise and later compared. Furthermore, an SVM classifier was also used to classify the EDA response signals of normal children and children with ASD. The obtained results highlight that the ANS response of children with ASD is atypical as their EDA response is blunt and shows no significant tonic and phasic changes in EDA levels in the presence of stressing stimuli. In addition to that, an accuracy of 75% was obtained using the LF kernel of SVM classifier. The study further unfolds the hypoactive sympathetic response of children with ASD during a stressing event. Furthermore, this will help in future to anticipate the emotional responses of children with ASD such as anger, happiness, and anxiety.
Volume: 19
Issue: 2
Page: 1113-1120
Publish at: 2020-08-01

Encrypting an audio file based on integer wavelet transform and hand geometry

10.12928/telkomnika.v18i4.14216
Zeena N.; University of Mosul Al-Kateeb , Saja J.; University of Mosul Mohammed
A new algorithm suggested for audio file encryption and decryption utilizing integer wavelet transform to take advantage of the property for adaptive context-based lossless audio coding. In addition, biometrics are used to give a significant level of classification and unwavering quality because the procedure has numerous qualities and points of interest. The offered algorithm utilized many properties of hand geometry estimations as keys to encode and decode the audio file. Many tests were carried out on a set of audio files and quality metrics such as mean square error and correlations were calculated which in turn confirmed the efficiency and quality of the work.
Volume: 18
Issue: 4
Page: 2012-2017
Publish at: 2020-08-01

Vulnerabilities detection using attack recognition technique in multi-factor authentication

10.12928/telkomnika.v18i4.14898
Noor Afiza Mohd; Universiti Putra Malaysia Ariffin , Fiza Abdul; Universiti Tenaga Nasional Rahim , Aziah; Universiti Putra Malaysia Asmawi , Zul-Azri; Universiti Tenaga Nasional Ibrahim
Authentication is one of the essentials components of information security. It has become one of the most basic security requirements for network communication. Today, there is a necessity for a strong level of authentication to guarantee a significant level of security is being conveyed to the application. As such, it expedites challenging issues on security and efficiency. Security issues such as privacy and data integrity emerge because of the absence of control and authority. In addition, the bigger issue for multi-factor authentication is on the high execution time that leads to overall performance degradation. Most of existing studies related to multi-factor authentication schemes does not detect weaknesses based on user behavior. Most recent research does not look at the efficiency of the system by focusing only on improving the security aspect of authentication. Hence, this research proposes a new multi-factor authentication scheme that can withstand attacks, based on user behavior and maintaining optimum efficiency. Experiments have been conducted to evaluate this scheme. The results of the experiment show that the processing time of the proposed scheme is lower than the processing time of other schemes. This is particularly important after additional security features have been added to the scheme.
Volume: 18
Issue: 4
Page: 1998-2003
Publish at: 2020-08-01

Reduce the probability of blocking for handoff and calls in cellular systems based on fixed and dynamic channel assignment

10.12928/telkomnika.v18i4.15729
Shahir Fleyeh; Tikrit University Nawaf , Mohammad Omar; Tikrit University Salih , Mohammed Hassan; Tikrit University Dervish
In cellular systems the high probability of blocking represents a big problem for users, The proposed solution by reducing the blocking probability and investigation cellular systems by method channels assignment. The aim from apaper is studying the effect the channel assignment on the value of blocking probability. The results showed that the fixe channeld assignment gives a large probability of blocking for high loads, While  (FCA) reduce probability of blocking for handoff and calls according to cluster size. The cellular system representation in the case of (DCA), in (3-cell reuse) and (7-cell reuse), the results showed the first best way to reduce blocking probability and lead to reduce to approximately zero when loads that are less than 200%. Increasing  the cluster size causes to reduce blocking  probability. the results showed that the probability blocking for handoff  less than from probability of  blocking for new calls.
Volume: 18
Issue: 4
Page: 1731-1737
Publish at: 2020-08-01

Hybrid control strategies of SVC for reactive power compensation

10.11591/ijeecs.v19.i2.pp563-571
Mothanna Sh. Aziz , Ahmed G. Abdullah
This article shows a prospective utilizations of flexible AC transmission system (FACTS) controls, like the static VAR compensator (SVC). One of the major motives for setting up an SVC is to recover dynamic voltage controller and thus increase system load aptitude. Static VAR compensator system proposed in this work consists of thyristor switched capacitor and thyristor controlled reactor sets, this style of SVC modelled using MATLAB simulink toolbox. A hybrid genetic algorithm with PI and fuzzy logic controls that used to control and expand the grid performance of the power system. The model results reveal that the Static Var Compensation contribute a decent result in upholding bus voltage after the power network is in an active and steady moment, besides it has a capability of the constancy control. It can totally work as a significant plan of reactive power recompense in power networks. 
Volume: 19
Issue: 2
Page: 563-571
Publish at: 2020-08-01

A principal component analysis-based feature dimensionality reduction scheme for content-based image retrieval system

10.12928/telkomnika.v18i4.11176
Oluwole A; Ladoke Akintola University of Technology Adegbola , Ismail A; Ladoke Akintola University of Technology Adeyemo , Folasade A; Ladoke Akintola University of Technology Semire , Segun I.; Covenant University Popoola , Aderemi A; Covenant University Atayero
In Content-Based Image Retrieval (CBIR) system, one approach of image representation is to employ combination of low-level visual features cascaded together into a flat vector. While this presents more descriptive information, it however poses serious challenges in terms of high dimensionality and high computational cost of feature extraction algorithms to deployment of CBIR on platforms (devices) with limited computational and storage resources. Hence, in this work a feature dimensionality reduction technique based on Principal Component Analysis (PCA) is implemented. Each image in a database is indexed using 174 dimensional feature vector comprising of 54-dimensional Colour Moments (CM54), 32-bin HSV-histogram (HIST32), 48-dimensional Gabor Wavelet (GW48) and 40-dimensional Wavelet Moments (MW40). The PCA scheme was incorporated into a CBIR system that utilized the entire feature vector space. The k-largest Eigenvalues that yielded a not more than 5% degradation in mean precision were retained for dimensionality reduction. Three image databases (DB10, DB20 and DB100) were used for testing. The result obtained showed that with 80% reduction in feature dimensions, tolerable loss of 3.45, 4.39 and 7.40% in mean precision value were achieved on DB10, DB20 and DB100.
Volume: 18
Issue: 4
Page: 1892-1896
Publish at: 2020-08-01

Perspectives on the challenges of leadership in schools to improve student learning systems

10.11591/ijere.v9i3.20485
Ali Taufik , Zen Istiarsono
This study is an analysis of the challenges of leaders in schools to improve learning systems, trying to do an analysis of the six aspects of analysis during the study. The main contribution of this research is related to how to deal with challenges in improving learning systems in schools that have so far faced challenges and obstacles, and these need to be analyzed and solutions. This study uses a qualitative method with a case study model, because this researcher is a case that must be disclosed and found a solution, looking at the gap between quality, performance and leadership in several schools that are the object of research and this research lasted for several years. four months (18 weeks), the time is indeed quite short, but researchers try to use this time effectively to produce something useful. In this case involving eight school leaders, as participants, the results of the application of the six aspects of indicators were able to improve teacher performance and from changes in the learning system as well. can be significantly improved as evidenced by the results of evaluating student learning, this research does indeed need to be deepened comprehensively. The author measures the success rate of these indicators by using a cluster system (individually intervening) individually either for the principal or when assessing students, so the writer can see the improvement.
Volume: 9
Issue: 3
Page: 600-606
Publish at: 2020-08-01

Identification of paddy leaf diseases based on texture analysis of Blobs and color segmentation

10.12928/telkomnika.v18i4.14614
Alex; State Islamic University of Sultan Syarif Kasim Riau Wenda , Inggih; State Islamic University of Sultan Syarif Kasim Riau Permana , Yusmar; State Islamic University of Sultan Syarif Kasim Riau Yusmar , Nunik Noviana; Educational Quality Assurance Institutions of Riau Province Kurniawati
There are three types of paddy leaf diseases that have similar symptoms, making it difficult for farmers to identify them, namely blast, brown-spot, and narrow brown-spot. This study aims to identification paddy plant diseases based on texture analysis of Blobs and color segmentation. Blobs analysis is used to get the number of objects, area and perimeter. Color segmentation is used to find out some color parameters of paddy leaf disease such as the color of the lesion boundary, the color of the spot of the lesion, and the color of the paddy leaf lesion. To get the best results, four methods have been chosen to obtained the threshold value, Otsu threshold value, variable threshold value, local threshold value and global threshold value. The best accuracy of the four methods using threshold variables is 90.7%. The results of this study indicate that the method used has been very satisfactory in identifying paddy plant disease.
Volume: 18
Issue: 4
Page: 2018-2026
Publish at: 2020-08-01

The study of reducing the cost of investment in wind energy based on the cat swarm optimization with high reliability

10.12928/telkomnika.v18i4.15046
Hamzi; Dr. Moulay Taher University of SAIDA Amar , Meziane; Dr. Moulay Taher University of SAIDA Rachid , Bouanane; Dr. Moulay Taher University of SAIDA Abdelkrim
Wind and solar are the most important source of renewable energy for power supply in remote locations involves serious consideration of the reliability of these unconventional energy sources. We apply the cat swarm meta-heuristic optimization method to solve the problem of wind power system design optimization. The electrical power components of the system are characterized by their cost, capacity and reliability. This study seeks to optimize the design of parallel power systems in which multiple choices of generators wind, transformers and lines. Our plan has the advantage of allowing electrical components with different parameters to be customized in electrical power systems. The UMGF method is applied to allow rapid reliability estimation. A computer program is developed for the UMGF application and CS algorithm. An example is provided to explain.
Volume: 18
Issue: 4
Page: 2245-2250
Publish at: 2020-08-01
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